10 THE SCR ANTON TKTBUNE- SATURDAY. NOVEMBER 12, 1899. 3f " - 3 RESPONSIBILITIES NOT TO BE SHIRKED THE ISSUE OF EXPANSION IS AN INEVITABLE ONE. Substanco of n Notnblo Pnper by Franklin MncVcngh of Chicago Which Argues That the United States Cannot Draw Back from Fighting the Battls of Universal Democracy. The following paper was rend le cetitly by Franklin MneVoagh before tho Chicago Llterar.v club. It Is wor thy of careful perusal by every Intelli gent Atnerlcnti: The new ccnturv piomlRos IntoteM Ing and iiuiioitaiit lutornutlonnl devel opment. The International activities of the last fifty yenis, It I. likely, have been preparations for lasting readjust ineiits among the nations. Napoleon gave Eutopc too sholt a time to be come either lepubllcan or Cossack; but the underlying International Issue to day Iri as Napoleon tin tight It would become, between the folees of doillo iiih') and those of absolutism; the one lopresentod by England ami the other by Itiifo-la It seems lo be settling too Into nn l"tie bet'viM'ii the (lotmnnlc nicm and the Slavoi Ic, the two ie uinlnlng femes thut are at once Ki'oat and growing ri pater; mid th" two Moos which, In their uggtogatPa, lep. rihflit flee topi osontntlve government on the one hand and absolute buieau cratlo government on the other. The rntentlon will be for the londeishlp of the woild, and for inaitc.y of the grent out rents which will make and model the civilization of the next eui- tuiles. And If International develop- I meat. Involving the futuie of fiee RoM'lllineiit, free comineice and flee men, ale uppi nothing, one can see the i Kie.it Impimhlon sine to be made upon j the woild by imv milked change In the Intel national Impottance of the j Vnltcd States. The fulled States has I foi a long time assumed to be of no Importance to international adjust ments. On the other land, the United States Is a giout power. It has be come potentially the stiongost of na tlnn the most powemil that ever has existed. (Contemplate then what a tremendous dln'oionce It will make if such a nation, not havlnR been taken Into net mint, has suddenly to be taken Into account. oru phohlems would 1'iinn. leus.. We tic then that the ijuestiuns now rgltaliim nn people. touching our foi eign pollcj. i oik em not only our na tion and Its fuiiiif.. but almost more the whole woild ol nations and their futere My pilmaiy olijict in this address Is not to epiess my Judgment of what It Is wise tot our country to do, but to lntei pi el the nation's dilft. not lo tell you how much the countiy oiiRht to expand In Its teultoiv and Its foreign policy, but what expansion I believe is cei tain to take place, whatever you or I may think about it how much Is inevitable. Most of us had become fo accustomed to a hoiizon bounded bv our own continent, weie so iinoxpeet n nt of any Intel ests but those, of our own isolated deeloimn'. weie so imbiliilened with the thought of being our lumber's keepi r. that to suddenly find nut selves fuelnr the whole woild, with ewry chance of tnkliiR a hand In all that rocs on In It. and of hnvliiR possessions Rie.it or small all oer the woild, K the stinngest metamoi pilosis any national situation has eei under Roue. liut It Is liupoi'tlitit to undel voild. Is ih,. Minige-t inetamoi pilosis is onlj appaient '1 he general assump tion is b no means correct that tetrl toilai expansion and pat tlelpation In foreign ulfnlis are both whollv new ambitions, wholly new impulses and wholly new lesponslbllltles and experi i nces. It wouhl be wrong to mini mize the untried elements In the founs of tertltoilal and political expansion which wo now confiout. Hut It Is ulo very misleading to ovetlook what Is not new In them NOT NOVICES AT EXPANSION Flist as to teiiltonal expansion; We muely aie not novices at that. We hine Indeed done so much in this line that we mlu'ht seem to an outsldei to have done little else The small coun trv we had at the time of the lexolu tlnn we had picked up out of nothing. It was all the lesult of expansion and colonization. Hut sine., then we have taken on the vast Louisiana icrIoii from Fiance and the huge Florida region fiom Spain, Inning previously secured all we could finm England as the result of win. We then took in the Hepublle or Texas, and went to wui with Mexico for still moie lenltoiv, and took another vast reRion leaching, with the tesultaiit fiadsden puichase nnil Texas, fiom ocean to ocean. And 'No Quarter I" There is no sense in trifling with disease. Death is a foe ready enouRU to over power poor tiiiman iity nt the least op. J'uiiuuiiy WHIIOUI our Rilcling any .tiling to the deadly icnances oy uncer (tainityor inaction. Death is not the .sort of nn enemy to (Uiiy-uaiiy w mi, nor cive the slightest 'quatter He should tie bayoneted to the earth with a sure and vigorous thrust. There is just one medicine which can be counted on with absolute certainty to over come the deadly assault of wasting disease and restore the rugged, masterly power of perfect health The " Golden Medical Dls. covery" of Dr. R. V. fierce of HuiTalo. N Y., creates that keen digestive and nutritive capacity, which makes healthy, nourishing red blood, and keeps it pure and alive with bounding vitality It nour ishes, vitalizes and builds up every organ and tissue in the body , tones the liver ; heals the Iuiir-s ; strengthens the heart, and restores complete energy and cheerfulness. ' I had becu troubled for several jears with spells of titer complaint," write II N Drans. field, Jlsq., of Centennial, Monroe Co , IV. Va., " and about two years ago my health Rave nay. I tiled sarsaparilU I was getting worse all the time I had a weakness In my left side and limbs, palpitation of the heart at times, cramp, inn pslni In the stomach alter eating, nerves weak, and no energy for atelhliiR I took Dr. 1'ierce's Golden Medical I)iscoery, and tgau to mend from the start I moii felt like a utw person I am now enjoying splendid health and have a splendid appetite Rood digestion, and alfo a peaceful, quiet mind " Dr. Pierce's thousand-page book, "The Common Sense Medical Adviser" contains over two hundred reliable prescriptions, with directions for self-treatment of oil such diseases as are curable without a pliy slcian. Anatomy, physiology and the laws of reproduction are explained, with over seven hundred Illustrations. One copy, paper-covered, sent absolutely free for at one-cent stamps, to pay cost of lnaillug only. Address, World's Dispensary Med ical Association, Buffalo, N. Y. For a fcttidiorae cloth binding; send 31 stamps. , cB$r t& '& 4&riF v-x- i V V-ASyHl I 1 tw virfrxrr J firt i ns though we could not Ret cpouKii s look far-away nnd unexplored Alaska a llttlo later on. You may say there Is a difference between taking land on your own con tinent nnd taking It nwoy from your own continent. In these days of steam nnd electricity that distinction has less accent than It used to have, but It Is a valid distinction yet. Hut at the same time It Is dllllctilt to Iinnglne any thing on the Rlobe at present more re mote or Inaccessible or more difficult of defense than California and Alaska were when transcontinental railroads were unknown nnd the only waterway was around Cape Horn. It must, however, bo admitted Hint taking lands like 1'orto lllco is taking lunds burdened with dll'lcultles, be cause they arc occupied by nn alien people; but even that is not n new ex perience to our nation. Louisiana nnd Floilda hud their alien populations,, and Mexico and Spain had for a long time peopled nil tho territories that came to us through the Mexican win and the Gadsden purchase. These ter 1 Hoi Irs were not thickly peopled, It Is true.but they were peopled The exper ience which confronts us Is more pio found In degiee. but It Is not illlfeient In kind. And again, from the landing nt Jamestown until this dny we have been nbsoiblng 11 continent peopled by an nboilglnul race. You may sny we have not been entltely successful In dealing with thes,. Indians, but we cer tainly ate not an lnexpeileneed na tion In dealing with nllnn and aborigin al poiiulntions And If one thinks It a new departure to be dealing as now with a European nation with Spain nnd not with Mexico, a nelfihbor, it is well to te member that nil we hnve of territory, ercpt what we took from Mexico anil the Indians, we got from England. Trance, Spain and Hussla. However much or little this vast, restless national expansion may differ In ( harneter fiom the expansion now llslng ixfore us, It seems clear that It would not be remorselessly oxer turning and upsetting our traditions nnd policies nnd habits to take on some Islands in addition to all the test. THIS NATION V.KV.V. ISOLATI1D. Tinning now to the second element of the pioposed expansion p.ti tlelpa tion In the Intel national politics of the woild let me remind you that we are not lnexpeileneed In that either. Hven here we have not been an Isolated na tion entirely. Kven heie we should not be taking n wholly untried idle. Our people weie a product of Kuio pean politics. From the lliit landings until the end of colonial life one-half of our Interests nnd activities were en gaged with International and fiino pean affalts and polities. There was no such thing as Isolation We weie anxious enough for Isolation, but p. sin h thing was possible. We were an outpost or Kurope, and not only with in us, but all around and about us wete the currents and strivings nnd eonlllcts and wars of the lhiiopeun na tions. And after our Ic torv was achieved and Independence was es tablished we were never for a moment outside the eonlllcts and complications of lntei nation 11 politics until In the war of imj we fought our way to a second and mote secuie Independence. It Is tberefoie a great Injustice to any opinions we may form of the new situation to base them 011 the assump tion that we are iiii'ireiistomed to In tel national life. From the vei v begin ning until nfter isir, oui statesmen were all trained to cbal with the bioal el politics of the nations. Thev couM scnicely contemplate a political cites Hon Without lefelence to i:m ope The stienuous jieilod of 0111 foi I-1 polities pased In ISir,. and after neaUy -0) euis of iiiii emitting c omplUatlons with the aftalis .if i:ui ope we hud a. peilod of welcome and deseised lest, in which to devote run tht". to our owii domestic affairs, mit at 110 time rince have we been an isolated people. We wanted to test; i,Ut no glowing na tion with 11 sens,, of its own value to the w 01 hi ioiild live entlielv alone. Very ninn- almost immediately the insei tito icpuhllcs f cvntiul and South Ameilca claimed our sympathy and piotectlou. C'eitalnly no greatei iismji--tln of lntei national piivllege, and no gieater Interfeienie in International politics ever was made by an uiisiip 1101 tfd nation than the assertion u..i the interfeieiice made bv mil Monroe doctrine, anil adheied to without ie seive fiom that date to tills it s the eiv highest esoence of Intel national politics pasi: or fhanpi: in mhxico. I need not again remind you of the Mexican war, nor need I call attention to the continuous diplomatic life of our nation Hut It Is well to remember our c amplications dm lag our civil wur w 1th England und Fiance, and our ftlendlv lelnlloiiti with Itussla; and to tecnll our quick hostility towaid France In Mexico, when the eiII war was oc We moed at once to the verge of war with the Flench. After Fiance with drew fiom Mexico we ugaln had Intel -national test for a while, but It Is eas to icMi'i'v the tull sense of our grave lelatlons with England and Venezuela only a shot t time ago. And almost befoie we could take breath uiraln we came to actual war with Spain More than stxtv t lines has the T'nlted States either actually used foiee or foimally nuthoilzed Its use beyond its own Jurisdiction; It has about thlity times occupied foieign tetrilnry, and In a dozen o' these Instances hns event ually unnexed the tenltory It has in- ailed. Such a nation can hardly be called Isolated fiom the polities' of the woild, or said to be Inexperienced In lntei national nffalrs INTP-HNAI, DEVELOPMENT So gieat has been the Internal, the domestic development of our nation during this century so vast has been Its continental expansion so marvel ous have been the home energies of our people so prodigious and spectacular our sudden wealth and population and national power such phenomenal sta bility and conservatism have been de veloped in our experimental democrat ic government ho astounding a eh 11 war has come and gone, that our Im agination Is filled to the brim with the sense of our internal national life, and we easily forget our International his tory nnd netlvltles. So Immense hns been our ' cime life that our foreign af fairs are not lemenibered. Hut in view of the necessity of forming Judgments nnd opinions upon the situation now confronting us we need n latlonnl esti mate of the history of our foreign af fairs. Nor should we allow ourselves to tin donate our national capacity for co lonial administration. It is common to hear It snld that we are not "ut out for dominion beyond the birdei of our continent; that we have hod no train ing to fit us for It. There Is much disparaging talk of that sort. It seems to 1110 not at nil complimentary, nor nt nil fulr or Just. Wo surely taught Eng land and tho world how colonics ought not to be governed. For the first tlino In the modern world wo formulated and emphasized tho rights and the wrongs of colonial administration, and the lee- iwM5&Vf i'T"'4' .',l,J'e'eni'?M:"0f,''l-I"'i 'r Kvil PftS wwi J vl S5v Commanded Sir Thomas Hicl- ' h - ITy d&&k. W'OOA M ' "A. 'fs I,',?"r'lV,V,5f't Kxtrnct as'sron as po r 'SMffllW&jS' SJ' sK dulph to send a. letter of thanks w . jJwMr!ilu& '2ly T1 VOVvv .' slbln. KlndlyRletwnbottletol"irer N ,. ,, -5t" AUrAflffji TO. Hf7LCSsVCSX for to-day's luncheon." YouMfulthfuIly, to Mr. HofT. TyXSd ftXo'JM S j ,ljiVCS ItSkWsC1555 Johm Uwilu.m, Ccllarman, tor Jt.H.lt. Jf3HlJ&'V2 Empress Alexandre LMjhi ; WiP ' Victoria Auguste j "f Russia, snys: liffef MAKES FLESH AND BI 001) Iv i -Jra- U1, benefit at n., father, eourt" XVOft B A BIK'S UlXllXi& mM7? ffAv ' Vv Dmprovcs Appetstc lw WVlM iff mSS ,?5W ) AMELIA TAYLOR, M. D., of Chicago, writes. For four years my NJ 7"fev itSh W I IB if u M ffiW practice has been interrupted owing to nervous exhaustion During the ''MgM" rfful Ik k! 1! s- s. last two months I have taken Johann Hoff's Malt Extract, with an In- x ? lnFMi ' ttiB l."S J ' !5- . liCSkAV creditable effect upon tho nervous system. fvjsi. W IzZmJgSv 111 f Af Emma Eames writes: ,7 ausss JjgM Mme. Melba wmes: "nwWmM ,AV. f.,a,y imnii'iiurrsAi "it VistrAain arrest U iss --. ggss3yfl!L . "I highly commend the penu- fci5 'TJyUiiMK - rIM VV;vZ2Hl?t0X Jti measiire. tu fact that. t the ePiTof a fl 7?1AH ine Johann liolfs Molt Extract. ur-yyjVlmBk I r'iwl Vv i.SvV)lSS---' ' ery hnrd (.eason, I am In bflterKrneral 530k iSa.???cS?xMI,pW"B SwffisiSsxyy ! -'! V il i.i. .ili.. .i:i t J' f VV'V'fAflHssH t&iv) VC WSafev 'I health than at tie beelnnliiB. I hae CSS30Syl kjn- I use it with my daily diet. It '"v Vf iilUIBI lYV Cr5x ront.mtly lived the Kfimlne Johann fcjvSfr-aC 3Wgy J WSg' ). jmnrovCS mv appetite and ill. rv s44&(i?gmm rtiftl I Y&sNv. lS lloHVV. ill Extract with my meal., and SZSHtS I Av jV KsI!i ... n,Mt. 0. li&E M l J2J( would not like to be without it." TA ' dV J CStl0n WOndorfully. j?frZ' mMM Tl.i.api mi..!.. ' TlrTllllll iiii.m.wim WWM n'nwiiiwwiwMiMMi iimuIiii m MrrrBmni . i imii iimi.i.hi.mi iwia?i tfww.1 11 1 1 1 1 " - M- Mini we tutight hint icwjlulionized co lonial life and government We bine lo-t liom nf the Ideals 01 knowledge of those ilus, antl It would be dllllc lilt for oui nation to Ignoie them In piaetlce In I'U of the examples ol piehent Ung lish i oliitiial goeinmeiUK, which me th- 1 esnlts of our teachings. Indeecl.lt wns because these Ideals weie lliinlj (sed In our national chai.icter that we could not undine the evils of Spain's colonial sv.Htcm. and went to war lather than have them continue. IJut If we never had gained the last ing pcileme of our own colonial life and iievei hud thought out and fought mi the 1e.1l prohlents of colonial ud mlnlstiat'iiM, It -,,., tn nie It would have been Impossible to doubt that our nation wniild lie t'nelj titled lo any C.ieiii political demand . people thai could nil. no imti.ini- nieli d uiidev iatlng and uncompromising ilemoer.ii y to the widest nntionnl life and make It the most conservative foi m of government known to uinn l.lnd, cm l'i. tiuxted to govern a few colonies justlv, helpfuib nnd wls-elv A people thut could administer and es tablish and develop helf.goveininelit. so nn to lulng no suggestion or ,. louiiigeiiient to the demociutlc Idea. In a countiy which had a vast system of unquulillcd slaverv, can be ti listed lo promote self-government In whatever pait of the woild and with whatever subject populations. ANTl-HXPANSION' rn'OHHAH. The ilnld. meehnnleal notion that you cannot govein a colony without mak ing It an Immediate sitnte of the union and giving nil the Inhabitants the Im mediate i-ufliase legardless of the In habitants' Mate of political develop ment Is a meie bugbear. Theie has never vet been included In the idea of self-government the leciulrement that political lights and privileges should at all times be universally eipial. 1a en! lights aie eciual. but political lights, even in the fieest icpubllc, nre Mill governed in part by expediency. The light to vote has vailous Intel pre tatlons In the different stutes of this union Itself, and tho nenrrst approach to uniformity In any one particular Is found In the almost universal exclusion of women, who uu one-half the popula tion, unless it Is the exclusion every where of all men under the nibltrnry age of 21. And once more, h uk not be over impressod In this ciisls by constlutlonal technicalities. Any countrv with a wilttep constitution will always be hampered In n now deporture. When our civil war come on and when It wn-i going on and nftot-wnrds when the war was over we found ourselves with m ave constitutional doubts and obstacles. In the fit st Instance we lg nori d them, being fenced to If we meant to take tho great Meps of limiting and abolishing slavery and of eentinllzlng sullklont power In the fedmal govern ment to govern a great countiy, und In the hist Instance ve changed tho 1011 Mltutlon to cover the now depnrtute. And now It must not bo an answer to the cb mand for n colonial policy lint the constitution does not contem plate a colonial polli y. Of course, the conMltutlon. at tho time It wni made, rontemplateil no rolnnlal pollry. W weio glad nt that time to stop being lolonios ourselves. Wo dreamed only of the dignity of governing ourselves, nut I think we all can see, notwlth standing our wholesome rcveienc for the tnthets of th" icpubllc. that a constitution nnd n.i.ional polii v adopt ed by ttditeen halt-i onsolldaled, weak. I "silled colonies, glad to b.- able to call their life theii own. could not be c Mici ted to hiimp"t the gruitcsi iiatlun in the woild. And utn I'nusti tutlnii has nlwayii lonteinplatt d Hi own amendment and enlaigeinent. Our coustltullou is a uiiuve), and It Is a nuiivel In nothing o tntieh as In the facility oT lis ilgld lines lo vluld cun tlnuouslv to giowth nnd expansion. KN'CLAM) .S AN r.MPIlti:. We have no colonl.i1 )iolic, and llieiifoie have no colonial system, but 1 hex o is no leascm why we should not have both, l.ngland has neailv eveiy deniociatlc piivllege and ne.uly every deiuouatle Ideal and Instinct that wo nave: am' yet sin has the greatest and best colonial sjslem evvi known, it was bad enough, howevei, befoie Ihigland became ti illy democratic. It beiame perfect only as I'ngland's democracy giew. Athens, long ago, was the heme of democracy at the time when she was the gie.it mother ot wldesptead colonies. It Is u pro found en or theiefore to think demo ciutlc governments nnd democratic peoples are unlit tor colonial unplte for the gieatest colonial successes ale thy successes of democracies. And It Is a profound euor to think a colo nial government must be a tyinnny. That was .Spnln's theory and her fatal etror. It Is not Kiigland's the ory. It ceitalnly would not be ours. Ihicpiestlonably the effect of an Amer ican colonial system would be to put a stop to the old-time, tyrannous, sel ilsh, exacting theoiles nnd practices of colonial government. And now let me point out what seems to me to be n measuie of the Inevitable expansion of our nation. The expan sion wo me all thinking about If we consider tho whole subject Is not sim ply territorial expansion of course, but Intel national expansion too. We nre confronted nut alone by Increure of ter ritory but by an Increased pat tlelpa tion in International politics. We are offered an Increased shaio in tho do tei initiation of what shall be the domi nant forces of the world; and of what shall be the world's ilvillzutlon. WE CANNOT HO BACK. Whatever tho llnul decision of the nntlon, through the people's deliberate voleo and sober second thought, may be as to Hawaii, Potto Hlco and the Philippines and nothing respecting them can as yet be called Inevitable this, I think, Ib Inevitable: That vo can never go back to our fmi"ied Isola tion. We once for all have stepped out Into the wot Id. Isolation means, for Instance, that we nie not our brothci's keeper: that our affair Is to make the most of ourselves. It means that so long ns we look nfter our own civiliza tion we have no icsponslblllty for tho general civilization of the world, and that it Is our progress only, and not the pngrcss of mankind that must Rtlr tho spirit of on Ameilcnn. Now we have done the very thing which upsets this essential theorv of Isolation. We hnve taken up Culm's qiituifl. Wo have become our broth er's keeper. Jinny will nlways think the war vv Ith Spain was unnoeossary, bccatiBe they believe the und could have been obtained through diplomaoy. Htlt there are Veiy few who think We ill e buund to sli by fou vi r and let Spain misgovern hr colony. What we did, hov.evtl, was the boldest toilu ot Interlcii in e with the Intel national af faiis uf a l'uropeari power It was do ing the veiy thing, and all the tiling, that the urn. lined. Isolated, minding-our-own-busliiess policy dlieited we should not do, and the nation has fully accepted our e.xti not dimity inteifer enee In a Europc.ui nation's business as an unavoidable act of Imperative and ealted duty. It Is on all accounts, theiefore. Inevitable that we can never again treat ourselves as an isolated pi ople. A people with a Momoe doe ll Ine never Intended to be l-olated, anyway, but the war with Spain would have cursed the IUiblcon If theie had been a Ituhlcou lett to cioss. Hence, foith It Is Inevitable that we shall lie a real pai t of the gteat woild, legular ly taken Into uccoiint by our fellow na tions, and legulaily taking our fellow nations into account. WAK EXPANDS Oflt POLICY. The Monroe doctrine shows this Is not new especially the Moinoo due tt Ine illustrated bv Fiance In Mexico and by Venezuela -but It Is eiiuully evident that the Spanish war Is an expansion of our national policy. We tnav ultimately ghe over to their own populations all our coiuiueiecl tei rl toiles. but we cannot take back the war. This does not nieiin. ns some wise and good Ameilcnns fear, the de. ti dotation of th" nutlon.il chniueter. If 1 spoke my whole mind I should sny it means n new exaltation of the national character It does not iv"jii that we nm more In fnvoi of war nnd les devoted to peao than we were. It does not mean Hint we shall not be always ihe gieatest advoeite of peace. It does not mean that we do not be lieve as (Irmly as evei in mbltiatiou It does not mean that we shall be come imperialistic or hnve nn Insat iable hunger for more tenltoiy. It does not mean that we shall be nn ag gressive, bullying, ciuaiielsome nation. It does not mean that wo rhull be come reckless instead of conservative. It does not mean that wo shall lose our gift of governing or sink into public corruption: for extending the thought of the nation to take in tho win Id will not make u less aware of our shortcomings or less competent to eotrect them. Certainly none of these dteaded tilings ore Inevitable. Hut it Is inevitable that henceforth foreign territory will imt be alien and Impi sslble to our national pollcv. That far the Inevitable has progressed. And It is also Inovltnlil'1 that our national horizon Is permanently enlarged. Our outlook upon tho world is a new out look, and It can never be eontinctod to the limitations of a few shott months ago. Thoro are three forces dilving us to oNpanded relations with the- world, nnd we have, urilveil nt that paitleit lar period when thee foices are be coming especially netlvu and domin ant. The centiiiy about to open will see their greatett fnergy. NECESSITIES OF OlMt TP.APE. The Hint of them is our trade. It is iiiwvitnble that more and moie from this day forth our nation will el nut to become the gran test foieign trad ing people ever known In tho world. Even It wo did not see plainly be foie oui ees the mnnufactuilng end 1 oinmi nial t nei-gU's of our country bursting one by one the bonds and tiaditlons mil satisfactions whkh keot tlie.111 only national, If we did not s. " our forelpn ci'inmeice dally grow ing and expoits of our iiuinufiutuier toi th" ihht time hugely invading the niatkits of the world, If we did not lltul It easy to foretell the immediate expansion of our miichant tnuilne. It thes- palpable evidences of a coming Imniens" expansion of our foieign Hade were not piosint, no student could full to piophesv the Inevitable. No nation exists with eiitial luiilltiea or eciual neccssltks lor an unpi'ie dented comincr-'e We not only have in Moll and nilnet.-.ls an ui-y und cheap nbundaiuo lieretofote unknown in a like- combination, not only has nature' lavishly equipped us, but we have a people unpiecedeiited In man ufuctuiing mil couini"iclnl gifts. We have capital tint is ample .mil grow ing, and woikmen of practically a new in"". We have n population of vast ard constantly stowing proportions, with scarcely a dione in the gieat hive Sinh ate th" elements of out taellltles for foieign trade. Our necessltv Is tho HMSt t.v millions coiiLelvable W must have foieign Had" because our ener gies have outgrown the consuming capacity of our own nit Ion. Long ago our soil grew moie than we could con sume, and we have become the great est of Euiopo's foutces of supply. We have now come to the time when we manufucluie more than we can con sume, nnd already we have begun to simply the woild fiom our abundant and growing production. Wo simply must sell our mur.ufni Hires, and wo tberefoie must be entering n new era of foiflgn commerce There will be 110 sens without Anieilenn ships, and no ports without Ameilcnn goods cu rled there under our own Hug. Eor in the glowing cln'apness nnd evcel- le.ice of our manufniures nothing will b- 111010 cheaply ni'd excellently built than ships. And with an ex panding commerce nnd a bioadenlng merchant marine what am moie In evitable than untvfis.il relations be tween lur nation and the whole of mankind ' THE IMPt'l.SE OF DEMOCHACY. Another of the three forces which ate cm lying us on to extended tela tlons with the woild Is the force ot our Institutions and political Ideas. As I said at the beginning, there Is n grow lug Issue between our liibtltutloiis and Ideas and those opooslng Institutions and Ideas which they aie steadily sup. planting throughout the world. Amer ica especially stands f ir those institu tions and Ideas. We could not see them defeated. We must defend them. They huve served well our prosperity, our huppiuess and our manhood Hence forth we shall stive well their domina tion of the woild. Free government, fiee comineice and free men those (list ! essentials of democracy are the great est good, the gieatest blessliivs tho po lltlcal woild can know; und theie Is In our democratic people that label ent and abiding fidelity to democratic In ntltutloriri which has kept us faithful within our own borders, and Is forcing us, us In this war with Spain, to be faithful on tho larger stage of the world. Our ciy for fiee Institutions In Cuba was the ory of demoorncy opeak lug through the voice of our nation. Democracy does not demand war, but It does demand Justice. And It does demand freedom. It demands that tho modern man who wants freedom shall have freedom. The Monroe doctrine was democracy's first great challenge. It was out service. And it is wonderful that any nntlon should have hnd a spit It eciual to that great self-dedication. Any fuither step Is but another stage of democratic evolution. Who (H can doubt at this day that democrac Is a great militant force, or that It will tend to chive an influential nnd power ful nation like ours a useful nation like ours Into complete relations with tho woild? Democracy knows, better thnn any other of humanity's great forces, that war Is not the best agent of ideas, and the ni tlvitles of democracy, or of democintic governments, do not meun war. Democracy can be militant with out entanglements or conflicts, but it cannot be militant nnd Isolated at the same lime CANNOT HE INDIFFERENT. The third of the forces driving our , nation on to closer relations with the woild Is the sense of responsibility In herent in n great free nation and the conseciucnt impracticability of asso ciating pure Isolation with national greatness and grandeur. No truly great nation ever did or ever will for a veiy long time lemaln isolated or feed Its soul on Indifference to what must become a part of the grrat woihl nnd take its part of the world's burdens: take Its slime of responsibil ity for the world's civilization. Thoughts of human pi ogress are the necessary food of noble minds. Di emus' of universal mnellotatlons are the noiiilshnient of all great spliits. The Isolation of gieatniss is Incon ceivable. Circattuss Is responsible; greatness Is interested in all related gioat things; groatnes-s has relation ships, responsibilities, duties, which nre on the scale of Its own pioportlons, And a reall greit nation must feal responsibilities 10 the gieat movement of mankind, as repiesented in the ac tivities of all the world together You might us well expect a great man to limit his Interests to tho life if his Immediate famllv is to expect a great nation to live entlrc-Iy within itself It Is against nature, against charnc ur, agaliibt all human Impulse. Therefor' this growing reuse of nec essary touch r.n the pait of our great nation with the civilization and inter ests of mankind. NOT MEI1E LAND EXPANSION Let It nlways be remembered that the new expansion is not moie land extension or even tinde extension For olfjn trade will be more and moro a part of our life, but foreign posses slons tor the most pntt are only n nec essary Incident of mi expansion which essentially means a new eharo In the respomlbllltliB of civilization, a new share In restraining nnd guiding the forces of nations, a new shnie In meld ing the fate of men. I am.th'i farthest pnsslble'from e.igprness for more ter iltory. Dut I would not shirk a national duty to escape terrltoiy. 1 would not shirk national duty to escape alien populations. I hoped we might not lie obliged to take very much ot tlu Philippines. Hut ure wo not obllg. od to tnlto them ullT Can we take less (Contlnuod nn I'ngo U.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers