THE SOItANTON TRIBUTE SA'l1DRDAYBtOBNtN,a, AUGUST U8. 189T. Jl Famoniis Gold "Strikes" of Earlier Times0 Hardships of Other Days Undergone by Searchers for the Precious Metal. From the Now Yoi k Tele gram. The gold craze lias been with human lty from tlmo Immemorial. Periodi cally the report of some new discovery of tlio precious metal has caused tho wildest excitement, and the scramblu to get rich quickly has been productive of many such sensations as that created by tho recent reports from tho Klondike replon. The hardships endured by pold-seeklnsc pioneers have also been an Important factor In the opening up of civilization of hith erto comparatively unknown regions of the globe. To gold tho entire Pacllio coast owes Its present prosperity. Tho existence of gold had long been known In California, and washings had been carried on In the southern part, near the San Fernando mission, as early as 1841. No discovery had been nade, however, which attracted much atten tion or caused excitement previous to the occupation of the country by the Americans. A piece of natlvo sold was picked tip In an excavation made for a mill race on tho south fork of the Ameri can river, at a place now called Colona. By the end of December, 1848, washing for gold was going on all along the foothills of the Sierra from the Tuol umne river to the Feather, a distance of 150 miles. The first adventurers came from Mexico, the South Ameri can coast, and even from the Sand wich Islands. The excitement even tually spread East, and In the spring of 1849 the rush of emigration across the plains and by way of the Isthmus of Panama commenced. It was esti mated that 100,000 men reached Cali fornia during that year, Including representatives of every state of the Union. The emigration to the land of gold continued with but little abate ment for three years, hut the excite ment fell off in a marked degree In 1854. California discoveries had given rise to a general search for precious de posits in the Atlantic states, and this had been followed by wild specula tions. A great deal of money had been sunk In opening new mines and In at tempting to develop old ones which had never yielded anything of value. Fifty thousand men were engaged In mining for gold In this country at the close of 1850, and during 1852 and 1853 fully 100,000 were at work. At this time the California gold washings reached about $63,000,000 In value a year. At this period the diggings for gold wero chiefly along the rivers. These wero "fiumed" that Is, the water was di verted from its natural channel by means of wooden flues and the ac cumulation of sand and gravel In the former beds was reached. PLACERS. The first and richest "placers," such as the bars on the American Yuba, Feather, StanUlus and other smaller streams In the heart of tho gold region yielded each miner as much as $1,000 to $5,000 a day. The miners were ex citable and frequently left valuable localities In search of something bet ter. Occasionally a kind of frenzy would Beize on them and thousands would Hock to some very distant lo cality on the strength of newspaper and other reports. Many would then perish from disease and starvation, the rest returning In poverty and rags. The Kern river fever raged througli the states In 1855, and at least 5,000 miners went to that distant region of the Sierra, only to find that the gold deposits were already worked out. The Fraser river rush occurred In 1858 and caused more suffering to the men of California than a pestilence might have done. Twenty thousand persons left the states for that remote region, where all suffered great privations. Many died and the survivors went back in a state of destitution. About the same time that the gold fever was at its height on the western coast of North America, Just two years after the rush of the "forty-niners," the great gold boom In Australia be gan. It was at Summerhlll creek, 20 miles south of Bathurst, In the Mac quarie plains, that Australian gold was first found by E. Harsreaves, a golQ miner from California. The Intelli gence was made known In April or May, 1851, and then began a rush of thousands. Men left their former em ployments In the bush or In the towns to search for the precious ore, which has ranked almost as an Idol In all ages. Gold was found at Anderson's creek, near Melbourne, the following August, and a few weeks later the great Ballarat gold fields, 80 miles west of the city, were opened, and after that Bendlgo, now called Sandhurst, to the north. Then came a gold fever which sur passed that of California In intensity. Not only in New South Wales and Vic torla, where the auriferous deposits had been revealed, but in every British colony of Australia all ordinary in dustry was abandoned for the one ex citing pursuit. The disturbance of so clal, Industrial and commercial affairs during the first two or three years of the Bold crazo was very great. Im migration from Europe, North America and China poured Into Melbourne at the rate of 5,000 each week. THE TRANSVAAL. While there has never been a 'year when the gold fever has. not raged with more or less Intensity In some quarter of the globe, the next great era of ln tenso excitement which attracted tho attention of the whole world was In tho early SO's, when the extraordinary gold fields of tho Transvaal, or South Af rican republic, wero discovered. The quartz formation of the famous Wlt watersand reef differed entirely from any hitherto known gold-bearing ore, and at first many were skeptical of its value. But when It became known that tho reef extended in an unbroken half-circle of 40 miles and formed one of the richest fields In the world, the rush across the "veldt" began. Thous. ands traversed the thousand miles which separted "the Rand" from the English colonies, and the peaceful lit tle Dutch republlo was Invaded with a wild, greedy, excited mob of all na tionalities. Tho town of Johannesburg rose from a single hut to a city of nearly 100.000 Inhabitants In less than two years. Fabulous fortunes were made In a few months. These wero acquired, however, nit by hard work at the mines, but by floating, bogus companies when the fever was at Its height. There was no placer mining and before the reef could be made profitable Immense machinery had to be carried over hundreds of miles of rough country.. But the gold was there, and the output last year equaled that of any other country of the world. The, United States had its next great epidemic of gold mining fever early in 1889, when tho discoveries In Low er California, created Intense excite ment along the Pacific coast. Tho Santa Clara district, to which tho crowds rushed, was about 120 miles south of San Diego, and 40 west of Resanaga. During March, 1883, an av orago of COO men reached the mines each day. Tho town of Ensanada was practically deserted by males. One of the first workers washed out $4000 worth of gold In four hours near tho Rancho Real del Castillo. The pan de posit was mainly of black sand, from which the cold was easily extracted by the aid of amalgamated copper plate. A Mexican digger took out $1500 In two days In the space of eight feet square. The price of provisions during March at tho diggings was tremendous ly high. Five dollars was paid for a 50-pound sack of flour, and $3.50 for a 10-pound sack of oatmeal. Drinks wore two bits (25 cents) each. CRIPPLE CREEK. It was In this same year, during the summer of 18S9, that N. C. Creed, who killed himself last week, discovered his famous "Holy Moses" mine in Colora do, and other rich deposits, which at tracted thousands to the wildest re gions about the Willow creek, where the town of Crcede was subsequently built. Meanwhile prospecting had been been going on In the Cripple Creek district of Colorado, and It was to this vicinity that the next great rush of argonauts was destined to be directed. "Bob" AVomack, a cowboy, was tho first to find ore in Poverty gulch. He took It to Colorado Springs lato In 1890. and the float was found to yield $240 to the ton. Edward de la Vergne, T. F. Frlsble and Dr. J. P. Grannls then put up the Broken Box ranch on Crip ple creek, locating a claim under the name of Eldorado. This was the first claim registered in the district. Next M. C. Lackford located the Blue Bell In Squaw gulch, and "Bob" Work, a Denver barber, located the Rose Maud which showed on one of the earliest assays no less than $2,300 per ton. In July, 1891, the Buena Vista and the Gold King mines were located. When the Buena Vista was sold to Count Pourtalls and T. C. Parish, of Colorado Springs, the attention of the entire country was called to the Crlp. ple Creek gold fields, and the rush be gan. Over the wind swept Rocky mountain tops or waist deep through the snow In the gulches the determined body of treasurer seekers poured upon the district, and claims were staked In all directions. From Mineral Hill to the creek bed the mountain sides were covered with claims, as was all tho ground on both sides of the lines, re gardless of the character of the rock. Many hardships were endured at Crip ple Creek In those early days of Its popularity, and to such as were suc cessful the life was a rough and dis tasteful one at best. SCOTT STRATTON. One of the wealthiest men at Cripple Creek at tho end of 1893 was Wlnlleld S. Stratton who was accounted to be worth from $15,000,000 to $25,000,000. He had tried his luck in all the camps in the state of Colorado, and was one of the first to enter the Cripple Creek district. At that time he had no money at all. After prospecting around, he had made up his mind to pack up his traps and go back to his old work as a carpenter when he discovered the yellow metal on a piece of float picked up on ground owned by "Dick" Hous ton, the Indian scout, and tho "Father of Cripple Creek," It was the morn ing of July 4, and Stratton called the claim he located the Independence. He had at that time no great hopes of the claim, but a few weeks later the as sayers told him that the rock he had sent him from the location ran three or four hundred dollars to the ton. It Is reported that one day a man went to Stratton and said: "Will you take $10,000,000 for your mine?" Old Man Stratton, as he was always called, replied: "Do you happen to have a million In your pocket?" The other said: "No, but I can get it." Then Stratton added: "Well, If you would give me 10 times 10 millions and put a million In gold down to bind the bargain, I wouldn't sell. If I had the money I wouldn't know what to do with It. As long as It is down in tho mine no one can take It away from me, and I can take It out as fast as I please." On Battle mountain, Just above "the Independence," was the second largest prize won by the early explorers of Cripple Creek. This great gold mine Is called the Portland. Early residents tell tho story of Its beginning as fol lows: "Jlmmle Doyle had a bit of a patch on ton o' the mountain that might have been big enough for a gar den, and then again It might not. It was altogether about a sixth of an acre. But It had a vlen. Close by 'Jlmmle' Burns It Is James F. Burns now h id another bit of a patch. They were both Irish and both from Port land, Me., and so they put their claims together, and called their mine In hon or of their native town. Both wero tenderfeet, and didn't know Just what to do with their property, so one day John Harnan came along and said: 'Boys, what'll you give me if I'll find you pay rock?' Doyle and Burns agreed to give Harnan a third If he found the pay rock. He found it that afternoon, and a year ago Harnan's third of the mine was $2,000,000 In the market." OTHER FINDS. The Portland has produced several millions of dollars' worth of gold. Stories such as these drove Colorado wild In the early days of Cripple Creek mining, and from 35,000 to 50,000 people flocked to tho fields. None of these places wh'lch have been the objective points of gold fever rushes, however, seem to have been so inaccessible as the new gold fields of northeastern British Columbia, and whatever hardships were suffered by the '49ers of California or the bush diggers of Australia may be multiplied a thousand fold for the ex cited hordes who aro flocking to tho Klondike. Among tho latest stories told by tho returned miners from the Yukon Is that discoveries quite as startling as those which aro now electrifying tho world may shortly be looked for in territory which belongs beyond question to the United States. Somo rich strikes on American and Mlnoo creeks, Alaska, are reported, and it is believed tht since tho last news from these points waa received much greater development have been made. In fact, It now appears that the rich promise, of this region has not been a secret among the northern gold hun ters during tli last ttw monthe. but the fame nf tho Klondike region had be come bo "great that nearly every ona wished to hurry to that district. News Is soon expected which may have tho effect of directing a great portion of th'o rush southward to Amer ican rather than British territory. A TliEASEU EXCEPTION. Tho Wcnry Trnvclor nt Last Finds n Model Hallway Restaurant and It Ilnppy. Fnom tho Detroit Free Press. With n weary sigh we entered tho railway restaurant In the little south ern town where we stopped for break fast. Everyone knows what railroad restaurants are with their "twenty minutes for refreshments," or rather twenty minutes to prepare for twenty years of chronic dyspepsia, So with heavy hearts wo entered the little place, prepared for the worst. A neat waitress approached. "Quail on toast?" "What?" This was repeated. The quail was delicious. "Fresh trout caught this morning?" "Great Scott, don't give me heart failure! Yes, I'll take some." By this time the knives and forks wero rattling in earnest. "Beefsteak, cream toast, fresh eggs, buckwheat cakes, coffee and cream?" "Will tho good things never end?" cried the passengers. Everything was served well, and It was a breakfast worthy of the Wal dorf or the Holland House only I'll venture to say the quail and the fish were Infinitely finer than could be found in the metropolis. Tlie quail Had been shot In the corn fields the day be fore and the fish was fresh, sweet and firm of flesh. The coffee, cream, beef steak and buckwheat cakes were on a par with the fish and quail. What an aspect of good cheer and happiness was seen In the faces of the surprised pas sengers. Now, Indeed, was the tlmo for the world to come to an end! What good Samaritan, benefactor and philanthropist was the keeper of this restaurant, and how our eyes beamed with satisfaction and grntltude as we surveyed his Jovial, corpulent person. "Take your tlmo, people," he said. "Lots of time yet. I'll call you all In time. Plenty of quail yet in tho kitchen; plenty more fresh fish. That's right; take another quail. They can't go off and leave you, 'cause the con ductor's here nnd he's got a powerful hearty appetite." Oh, pleasant, rotund bonlface! Your Jovial features will remain In mind for all time. Your place Is a refutation of all the slanderous things that have been said of the railway lunch counter; It Is a bright spot In the memory of travelers, driving away hundreds of disagreeable dreams and experiences. JTIS LITTLE MISTAKE. Brlggs "Mighty pretty bonnet your wife had on last Sunday. At least, my wife said It was." Braggs "Yes; and it all camo from my absent-mindedness that she got It.1' Brlggs "How's that." Braces "When I went homo the other evening, thinking very Intently aout business, as I often do, I found my wife In the kitchen. Now, what should I do but hand the bird I had brought homo to my wife and kiss the cookl.Of course, she knew it was a mistake, but oh, well, you know how women are." Tid Bits. A Theory. First tramp "I acksherally seen Bill sawln' wood. He must bo awful hard up." Spcond Tramp "I t'lnk de woman must have hypnotized Bill." Puck. Sunday Sctowl tessoi for August 2 Paul Opposed at EpIhesniSo Acts XIX, 21-34. BY J. E. GILBERT, D. D., IX. D., Secretary of American Society of Religious Education. CONTEXT. Our last lesson, historic In character, on August 1, taken from the eighteenth chapter of the Acts, left Paul in Corinth. After teaching there a long tlmo (versa 2), undisturbed except by one insurrection of tho Jews, ho departed fiom Europe and returned to the conti nent of Asia. In company with Prls cllla. and Abulia-, he sailed across tho Aegean sea, and landed at Ephesus, ono of tho chief towns in those parts. There ho was cordially received by the Jews who Invited him to teach in their syna gogues. Though urged to remain among them he again sailed, landed at Ca'esarea, and went up to the feast at Jerusalem (xviiil: 21-22). Having saluted tho breth ren ho went forth again, traversing all tho country of his previous ministry in Galatla and PhrjK'a and returned a sec ond time to Ephesus, according to prom ise. There for tho first time he met Apol los, who hod lately como from Corinth. Paul remained In Ephesus a long time (xlx: 10), .teaching, working miracles, and contenalngrfor tho faith as It Is in Jesus. PURPOSE, After this useful ministry In Ephesus the apostlo proposed to re turn to Macedonia and Achala, the two European provinces which ho previously visited, that he might meet the converts at Phlllppl, Bcrea, Thessalonlca, Athens and Corinth. (Verse 21) He was drawn to this the more by the feet that the Spirt of God prompted him to go upward to Jerusalem and Rome. Those places roveal tho enlarging Held of this great man's work, and show tho truly apostolic character of his office. Unub'.e to depart at onco ho sent two of his assistants, Timothy and Erastus. (Verse 21'). Tho first, as a beloved son, had been his com panion In nearly all his missionary opcr tlons, and tho latter, who had been an officer under tho Roman government (Rom. xvl: 2S), was destined to becomo pastor or bishop at Corinth. (II Tim. iv; 20). Herein is presented the plan of min isterial service employed. A scries of lo cal churches or congregations had been established, al! under apostolic supervis ion, to bo visited, encouraged and in structed at Intervals. CItAFTSMEN.-Shortly after tho de parture of Timothy and Erastus a great commotion was raised in Ephesus .(Verse 23). It originated In a now and unex pected quarter. Tho city was the seat of tho worship of Diana. At certain times in tho year the peoplo resorted thither from all parts of Aela Minor to worship, and when they returned to their homes, they wero pleased to take with them va rious Images of the goddess to assist th?m in continuing their devotions. Ab a con sequence workmen were employed to make these images-, deriving from their sale a livelihood and' In some Instances, deriving largo wealth. The spread of Christianity through tho preaching of Paul greatly Interfered with this Lasl ness (verses 21 and 21), and, as a conse quence, the men engaged therein, smart ing under tho loss sustained, conspired together. Demetrius, a man largely In terested, called his fellow workmen to gether and represented tho case. Tho gospel was opposed by tho craftsmen. They were a type of a largo class, who, in every age and land, care less for righteousness than for worldly gain, CONFLICT. Demetrius did not rest his objections on purely eelllsh considera tions, although ho began his speech with la statement of loss in business. Ho af INDIGO ONCE WAS THE DEVIL'S DYE Tbflt Was Us Name la the Sixteenth Century. ITS USE WAS THEN PROHIBITED. Tho Claim Jttndo That It Itottod the Clotlie--How tho Drc-StufT Is l)crlvcd--Lnruo Sums of illonoy Profitably Invested In tho Indigo Industry. According to a writer In Popular Sclenco News. Indlco was used In Egypt and India long before the Chris tian era. DIoscorldes and Pliny each mention It under tho terms Indlkos and Indlcum. Egyptian mummy cloths, and In some Instances, mummy cases, hnvc been found dyed by this agent. It Is supposed that in tho Middle Ages the Jews, some of whom were dyers. Introduced Indigo In Europe. During the latter half of the sixteenth century, many experiments and Im provements were made In the art of dyeing. Hut some fabrics were so spoiled by chemical action that when Issued for sale they were found "to rot on the shelves of tho shopkeeper." These mischiefs were traced to Indigo colored fabrics, and the substance It self soon came to be called devil's dye. In 1577 a law was passed In Germany to prohibit, tho use of this coloring matter. In the middle of the next century the people of Nuremberg who cultivated woad went so far as to Impose on their dyers an oath, to be taken annually, that they would not use Indigo. Be tween tho years 1696 and 1669 the use of Indigo was also prohibited in France. Colbert, however, showed more enllght ment on the subject, and the prohibition was repealed. THE INDIGO PLANT. Indigo is not directly elaborated by those plants which are Its source of supply. Nature furnishes It through several species of Indigofera, plants of the Paplllonaceae family. The European plant which yields Indigo Is woad. Various species of Indigofera flourish in South America, tho West Indies, Egypt, India and other warm regions. It has even been cultivated In tho south of Spain. But not only Is a warm climate necessary to tho plant, It also requires a soil which is not liable to Inundations. The cultivation of this plant, and the manufacture and exportation of its products is an Industry almost entirely controlled by Europeans. A capital of considerably over Ave millions of dollars is Invested In it. Under the head of Drugs and Chemicals, the Brit ish trade returns for 18S8 show tho Imports of Indigo to amount to 1,700, 000, or about eight and a half mlllons of dollars, the exports being five and a half millions. Of late years, the busi ness has declined In Bengal proper, but In Behar, the area under cultivation has Increased. Two crops are there raised In the year. The one sown In April or May Is gathered In August or September. Then in October, as soon ae the waters subsld. there Is a new planting which yields a harvest In the following July. HOW IT IS MADE. The process of manufacture is com paratively simple. When the plants begin to flower, they are cut down close fected a concern for the popular re ligion, expecting probably In this way to carry tho multitude with him. Accord ingly, ho first set forth Paul's dootrlno (verse 33), who had declared that they weronogods -which were made with hands (Psalm cv: 4), a doctrine plainly taught under tho Jewish sjstem (Jer. x, 3), in op position to all tho practices of the heath en. This abhorrent teaching Demetrius affirmed (vorso 27) endangered the temple of Diana, because the people would learn to desplso and neglect it. Thus ho claimed that a great Indignity had been shown, not to an ancient system of worship merely, but to the millions throughout Asia who held to It. The lines of con flict wero sharply drawn. On one side wero tho followers of Christ with Paul at their head on the other side the busl ness men under Demetrius, clinging to their idols for tho profit 10 be derived. The now faith, promslng deliverance from sin, arrayed against tho old faith, in trcnclfed in superstition, sustained by passion and greed. CONFUSION. Tho words of Demetrius caused a great uproar. All who heard were full of wrath (verso 2S), because their religion had been assailed, With ona voice they shouted: "Great Is Diana of tho Epheslans." Local pride, personal profit, religious devotion combined to render the company demonstrative. Tho noise soon excited those who were near, and the words wero taken and carried from street to street, until tho wholo city was in confusion (verse 29). And no wonder! Tho temple of Diana was tho chief glory of Ephesus. It had been built with ungrudging magnificence out of contributions mado by tho peoplo In all Asia, tho women offering their Jewels', as tho Jowlsh women had done for tho tabernaclo of the wilderness (Ex. xxxv: 22). It stood In full view of the haven, and gleamed with star-like radiance. The Imago of Diana, standing within tho temple, It was said, had fallen from heaven, a symbol of fertility and the productive power of nature, and was held with profoundest reverence, and superstitious credulity. It Is not sur prising, therofore, that fanaticism should seek to avenge any Insult to the goddess or to tho temple, SAFETY.-At length the mob, under proper guidance, determined to punish tho offenders. A rush was made for the Jowlsh quarter and the shop of Aqulla. But Paul was not found. The rioters, therefore, seized two of his companions Galus of Macedonia (Bom. xvl: 23), and tho faithful Arlstarchus (Col. Iv: 10), nnd rushed with them Into tho theater. Tho ruins, still visible, show that this build lng had a capacity of 30,000 spectators, and was one of the largest structures In the world. Anxious for the fate of his companions Paul desired to make his way Into tho theater and address tho rioters (verso 30), daring to fnco tho furious Insults and raging passions of tho exonerated crowd. I.t this he dis played that supremo heroism which characterised him throughout his career (Acts xxls 13). But his friends, appre ciating the magnitude of the danger, dls couraged him, and a letter from somo of the rulers of the city confirmed tho advice of the disciples (verse 31). And so the great apoitlo remained In a place of safety, and his Ufa was spared to bless tho world. DEFENSE. Tha vast assmbly, crowd od hastily in tho theater, was for a to tho ground, tied In bundles, and then placed in cold water In large vats. The vegetable mass Is kept down by tim bers wedged In tho sides of the vats, and Is thus allowed to steep. In such a warm climate, fermentation takes place in from twelve to fourteen hours, when carbon dl-oxlde and various foul vapors are given off a condition preju dicial to the health of all concerned in the process. The water above the vegetable mat ter gradually changes from a straw vellow to a colden color. The llnuld Is "Sien run off Into tanks and well stirred, or rather lashed, with .long bamboo rods for about three hours, so as to thoroughly aerate It. A froth appears which soon becomes violet-colored; In other words, an oxidizing process has taken place in the substance dissolved by the water. The organic body elab orated by the plant and now In solu tion Is a glucosldc, termed Indlcan. But exposure to air oxidizes this Indl can and converts It Into lndlgo-bluc, which Is insoluble In water. Hence, when this blue substance Is finally pre cipitated as a fine powder, It Is trans ferred to a cauldron and boiled for about twenty minutes to prevent a sec ond fermentation, which would make It valueless, The mass Is then left over night and again boiled for thro or four hours. After this treatment the dye stuff Is passed through several strain ers, a filter-press, and lastly. Is very carefully dried and then packed In boxes for transportation. MKS. GKOYER CLEVELAND. Trlbuto to tho Lato Mistiest of tho White House. From tho Tlmoa-Hen.ld. From Lady Washington, ns the peo ple loved to call the wife of the first president, to Mrs. Grover Cleveland, there Is an Interval of precisely a hun dred years, and in that Interval many polished and cultivated women have dispensed the hospitalities and borne some of the cares of the presidential mansion. None has been unfitted for her station, but some stand out In greater prominence than others. Mrs. Washington, Mrs. Abigail Adams, Mrs. Madison and Mrs. Polk are among those whose fame Is best known to the world, and whose graces would have adorned tho most celebrated courts. To these Is now to be added Mrs. Cleveland, who by her charm and beauty and youth and refinement has won an abiding place In the hearts of all the people. Mr. Cleveland may be criticised as much as one will, but not a word can bo uttered against the gracious lady who has stood by his side, ever faithful to high Ideals. From the day she entered the White House as a youthful bride, untrained In the nice courtesies of official sta tion, she has maintained her position as though she had never known any other life. Fearless, frank and amiable, she has exhibited the high breeding that the daughters of this republic pos sess by natural Inheritance. And yet she has been no time-server. Having her own religious and moral convic tions, she never sacrificed them to ex pediency, nor did she make of them a show, or endeavor to impose them upon others. If we would describe a typical Amer ican woman, a character that would In clude man's Ideal of the highest wo manhood, we would not go far away If we presented the portrait of Frances Cleveland. As hostess, wife and moth er she has won the affection of all who know her, and In her retirement to pri vate life the people wish her every hap piness. tlmo in great confusion (verso 32). Many did not know the cause of the trouble. Various and partial reports had been circulated, and, as a result, some shout ed ono thing and some another, accord ing to tho interests represented. Suf ficient order was finally obtained to per mit a hearing of the cause, and tho Jews, who had been Involved with tho Christians, attempted to mlJ a state ment. It is probablo that they desired to have It known that they were not responsible, and that all tho blame, if such there be, rested on the Christians. Alexander was put forward by them to speak. This Is doubtless the same man that Is afterward mentioned by Paul (I. Tim. i: 20) as the coppersmith, who made him great trouble (II. Tim. Iv: 14). Lift ed to some elevated place 'where ho might bo seen, a measure of quiet re stored, he beckoned with his hand and began his address. OUTCRY. Alexander was not permit ted to deliver his address. Possibly by his associates, or by his appearance, or by his accent, or by his opening sent ence he was recognized as a Jew. With out waiting to learn what ho had to say the people considered him ns In a sense opposed to them and their relig ion. A voice shouted, another, another Joined In, and tho multltudo took up the cry, raised at the beginning: "Great is Diana of the Epheslans." It was a popular, noisy demonstration In favor of tho goddess. For two hours the out cry continued (verse 34) until Bedlam was supreme. This was a remarkablo event in the history of the city, tho homo of tho best Hellenic culture. Hero Anacreon had sung the songs that suit ed the Greek colonists; hero Minnermos had written his elegies; hero Thales had given the first impulse to philosophy; hero Parrhaslus and Appelles had studied their Immortal art: and hero tho deepest of all Greuh thinkers had meditated on those truths which he uttered In language of Imcomparablo force. But now tho morals and Intel lectual llfo oftho city had sunken so low that it had become tha center of super stition, polluting tho atmosphere of the adjacent region. ItEFLECTIONS.-One would scarce ex pect in such a city after tho scenes Just described, that the Gospel would achieve any great results. But with tho excep tlon of Homo, the city was destined to become by far the most Important field of the apostle's labor. Hero ho wrote two, perhaps three of his letters, In grfe of which ho declared that a great ind effectual door had been opened to ihlm In Ephesus (I. Cor. xvl: 9), Ho rjffers to tho city In his charge to Timothy (I. Tim. 1: 3), and to tho servlco rendered there by Oneslpherus, (II. Tim. it is,) and ha sent Tychlcus there to labor II. Tim. Iv: 12.) Traphlmus was an ,Epheslan. (Acts xxl: 29.) Tho noillo John Is be hoved to havo mado Ephesus his resi dence during the latter part of hi? life. Later tho church declined from Its first love. (Rev. II: MT.) causing the apoca. lyptlc letter to be wrltteni Ephesus became, in fact, the third capital or starting point of Christianity. Born at Jerusalem, broadened and quickened at Anloch, It here witnessed its full de velopment In tho final. amalgamation of Its unconsolidated elements. We may learn thuB that opposition does not In jure a man, or a cause. Bather It brings out ana strengthens every good work. Vi. Macs, in; 3j AN OPEN LETTER To MOTHERS. WE ARE ASSERTING IN THE COURTS OUR RIGHT TO THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE WORD " OASTORIA," AND "PITCHER'S OASTORIA," AS OUR TRADE MARK. I, DR. SAMUEL PITCHER, of Hyannis, Massachusetts, was the originator of "PITCHER'S CASTORIA," tho same that has borne and does now f s3ffiZZ m CTer bear the facsimile signature of Cayfz&&&K: wrapper. This is the original "PITCHER'S CASTORIA," which has been used in the homes of the Mothers of America for over thirty years. LOOK CAREFULLY at the wrapper and see that it is the hind you have always bought rf rgw . t on M and has the signature of Cutjfff'&ci wrap per. No one has authority from mo to use my name ex cept The Centaur Company of which Chas. H. Fletcher is President. , . March 8, 1897. Q&C cu ,m Do Not Be Deceived. Do not endanger the life of your child by accepting a cheap substitute which some druggist may offer you (because he makes a .few more pennies on it), the in gredients of which even he does not know. "The Kind You Have Always Bought"1 BEARS THE FAOSIMILE SIGNATURE OF C&xM&&4 Insist on Having LThe Kind That Never Failed Ton. TMC CtNTAUn Q9HH.nl, TI MURAT TCCT, NIW 10KB. CITY. Directory of Wholesale and Retail CITY AND SUBURBAN ISIM art studio. F. Bantee E3S Spruce. ATHLETIC AND DAILY PAPERS. Relsman ft Solomon, 103 Wyoming ave. ATHLETIC GOODS AND IUCYCLES. C. M. Florey, 222 Wyoming ave. AWNINGS AND RUBBER GOODS. B, A- Crosby, m Lackawanna ave. BANKS. Lackawanna. Trust and Safe Deposit Co, Merchants' and Mechanics', 429 Lacka. Traders' National, cor. Wyoming and Spruce. West Side Bank. 100 N. Main. Bcranton Savings, 122 Wyoming. BEDDING, CARPET CLEANING, ETC. The Bcranton Bedding Co., Lackawanna, BREWERS. Robinson, B. Sons, 43$ N. Seventh. Robinson, Mlna, Cedar, cor. Alder. BICYCLES GUNS. ETC. Parker, EI. It., 321 Spruce, BICYCLE LIVERY. City Bicycle Livery, 120 Franklin. BICYCLE REPAIRS, ETC. Blttenbender & Co., 313i Spruce street. BOOTS AND SHOES. Goldsmith Bros. 304 Lackawanna. Goodman's Shoe Store, 432 Lackawanna. DROKER AND JEWELER. Radln Bros., 123 Fenn. CANDY MANUFACTURER. Bcranton Candy Co., 22 Lackawanna. CARPETS AND WALL PAPER. Ingalls, J. Scott, 419 Lackawanna. CARRIAGES AND HARNESS. Slmwell, V. A., 515 Linden. CARRIAGE REPOSITORY. Blume, Wm. & Son, 622 Spruce. CATERER. Huntington, 3, C, SOS N. Washington. CHINA AND GLASSWARE. Rupprecht, Louis, 221 Penn ave. CIGAR MANUFACTURER. J, l Flore, 223 Spruce street. CONFECTIONERY AND TOYS. Williams, J, t. & Bros., 314 Lacka. CONTRACTOR AND BUILDER. Snook, S. M., Olyphant. CROCKERY AND GLASSWARE. Harding, J. L., 215 Lackawanna. DINING ROOM. Caryl's Dining Room, 505 Linden, DRY GOODS. The Fashion. 308 Lackawannn avenue. Kelly & Healey. 30 Lackawanna. Flnley, P. B., 510 Lackawanna. DRY GOODS. SHOES, HARDWARE, ETC. Mulley, Ambrose, triple stores. Provi dence. DRY GOODS, FANCY GOODS. Kresky, B. II. & Co., 114 S. Main. DRUGGISTS. McGarrah & Thomas, 209 Lackawanna. Lorantz, C, 41S Lacka.; Linden & Wash. gavls, o. w Main and Market, loes, W. S., Peckvllle. D&vles, John J,, 103 S. Main. ENGINES AND BOILERS, Dickson Manufacturing Co. FINK MERCHANT TAILORING. J W. Roberts, 1!8 N Main ave. W. J. Davis, 215 Lackawanna, Brio Audren, 119 S. Main ave. I FLORAL DESIGNS. t Clark, G. R. & Co., 201 Washington. FLOUR. BUTTER, EGGS, ETC. The T. II. Watts Co., Ltd- 723 W. Lacka, Bibcock O. J. & Co., 116 Franklin. IFLOUR, FEED AND GRAIN. Matthews C, P. Sons & Co., 34 Lacka. The Weston Mill Co,, 47-49 Lackawanna. .FRUITS AND PRODUCE. I Dale St Btevens, 27 Lackawanna. 1 Cleveland. A. 8.. 17 Lackawanna. FURNISHED ROOMS. Union House, zu Lackawanna. (furniture. Hill It Connell, 122 Washington. Barbour's Home Credit House, 425 Lack, GROCERS. Kelly, T. J. & Co., 14 Lackawanna. Uegargel & Connell, Franklin avenue. Porter, John T.. 28 and 28 Lackawanna. Rice, Levy & Co., SO Lackawanna. Plxle, J. J-i 4H Lackawanna. r 1 ' - 1. f GENERAL MERCHANDISE. Osterhout. N. P., HOW. Market Jordan. James, Olyphant. Bechtold, B. J Olyphant. HARDWARE. Connell, W. P. A Sons, 118 Penn. Foots & Shear Co., 119 N. Washington, Hunt Connell Co., 434 Lackawanna, IjHARDWARE AND PLUMMNG. uunrers Forsyth, "7 Penn. Cowles, W. C. 1907 N. Main ave. HARNESS AND SADDLERY HARDWARE. rVi"' ?,w 10 Lackawanna, Keller & Harris. 117 Penn. i i HARNESS, TRUNKS, BUGGIES. B. B. Houser. 133 N. Main avenue. HOTELS. Arlington. Grimes ft Flannery. Sprue and Franklin. Beranton House, near depot. HOUSE. SIGN AND FRESCO PAINTER. Wm. Hay. 113 Linden. HUMAN HAIR AND HAIR DRESSING. N. T. Halt, 223 Lackawanna. LEATHER AND FINDINGS. Williams, Samuel, 221 Spruce. LIME, CEMFNT SKIVER PIPE. Keller, Luther, 813 Lackawanna. .MILK, CREAM. BUTTER. ETC. Scranton Dairy Co.. Penn and Linden. Stons Bros., 303 Spruce, MILLIINER. Mrs. M, Saxe, 148 N. Main avenue. MILLINERY AND DRESSMAKING. Mrs. Bradley, 20S Adams, opp. Court House. MILLINERY AND FURNISHING GOODS. Brown's Bee Hive, 224 Lackawanna. MINE AND MILL SUPPLIES. Scranton Supply and Mach. Co., 131 Wyo, MODISTE AND DRESSMAKER. Mrs. K. Walsh, 811 Spruce street. MONUMENTAL WORKS Owens Bros., 218 Adams ave. I'ANTS. Grpat Atlantic S3 Pants Co., 319 Lack a. wana ave. PAINTS AND SUPPLIES. Jlencke & McKoe, 30S Spruce street. PAINTS AND WALL PAPER. Wlnke, J, C 315 Penn. PAWNBROKER, Green, Joseph, 107 Lackawanna. PIANOS AND ORGANS. Stelle, J. Lawrence, 308 Spruce. PHOTOGRAPHER. H. 8. Cramer, til Lackawanna ave. PLUMBING AND HEATING. Howley, P. F. & M. F., 231 Wyoming av, REAL ESTATE. Horatio N. Patrick, 835 Washington. RUBBER STAMPS, STENCILS ETC. Scranton Rubber Stamp Co,, 538 Spruce street. ROOFING. National Roofing Co., 331 Washington. SANITARY PLUMBING W. A. Y.'ledebusch, 231 Washington ave. STIIAMSHIP TICKETS. J, A. Barron, US Lackawanna and Prlceburg. STEREO-RELIEF DECORATIONS AND PAINTING. 6. It, Morris. 247 Wyjmlng ave. T15A, COFFEE AND SPICE. Grand Union Tea Co, 103 S. Main, TRUSS I'S, nATTEHIEi?, RUnitER GOODS Benjamin & Benjamin, Franklin anil Spruce. UNDERTAKER AND LIVERY. Raub, A. R., 423 Spruce. UPHOLSTERER AND CARPET LAYER. C. II. Hazlett, US Spruce street. WALL PAPER, ETC. Ford, W. M 120 Penn. WATCHMAKER AND JEWELER. Rogers, A, E., 215 Lackawanna, WINES AND I1QUORS. Walsh, Edward J 83 Lackawanna. i WIRE AND WIRE ROPE, Washburn & Moen.Mfg Co.. 119 Frankll I
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers