THE SOItANTON TRIBUTE SA'l1DRDAYBtOBNtN,a, AUGUST U8. 189T.
Jl
Famoniis Gold "Strikes"
of Earlier Times0
Hardships of Other Days Undergone by
Searchers for the Precious Metal.
From the Now Yoi k Tele gram.
The gold craze lias been with human
lty from tlmo Immemorial. Periodi
cally the report of some new discovery
of tlio precious metal has caused tho
wildest excitement, and the scramblu
to get rich quickly has been productive
of many such sensations as that
created by tho recent reports from
tho Klondike replon. The hardships
endured by pold-seeklnsc pioneers
have also been an Important factor In
the opening up of civilization of hith
erto comparatively unknown regions of
the globe. To gold tho entire Pacllio
coast owes Its present prosperity. Tho
existence of gold had long been known
In California, and washings had been
carried on In the southern part, near
the San Fernando mission, as early as
1841. No discovery had been nade,
however, which attracted much atten
tion or caused excitement previous to
the occupation of the country by the
Americans.
A piece of natlvo sold was picked
tip In an excavation made for a mill
race on tho south fork of the Ameri
can river, at a place now called Colona.
By the end of December, 1848, washing
for gold was going on all along the
foothills of the Sierra from the Tuol
umne river to the Feather, a distance
of 150 miles. The first adventurers
came from Mexico, the South Ameri
can coast, and even from the Sand
wich Islands. The excitement even
tually spread East, and In the spring
of 1849 the rush of emigration across
the plains and by way of the Isthmus
of Panama commenced. It was esti
mated that 100,000 men reached Cali
fornia during that year, Including
representatives of every state of the
Union. The emigration to the land of
gold continued with but little abate
ment for three years, hut the excite
ment fell off in a marked degree In
1854.
California discoveries had given rise
to a general search for precious de
posits in the Atlantic states, and this
had been followed by wild specula
tions. A great deal of money had been
sunk In opening new mines and In at
tempting to develop old ones which had
never yielded anything of value. Fifty
thousand men were engaged In mining
for gold In this country at the close
of 1850, and during 1852 and 1853 fully
100,000 were at work. At this time the
California gold washings reached
about $63,000,000 In value a year. At
this period the diggings for gold wero
chiefly along the rivers. These wero
"fiumed" that Is, the water was di
verted from its natural channel by
means of wooden flues and the ac
cumulation of sand and gravel In the
former beds was reached.
PLACERS.
The first and richest "placers," such
as the bars on the American Yuba,
Feather, StanUlus and other smaller
streams In the heart of tho gold region
yielded each miner as much as $1,000
to $5,000 a day. The miners were ex
citable and frequently left valuable
localities In search of something bet
ter. Occasionally a kind of frenzy
would Beize on them and thousands
would Hock to some very distant lo
cality on the strength of newspaper
and other reports. Many would then
perish from disease and starvation, the
rest returning In poverty and rags.
The Kern river fever raged througli
the states In 1855, and at least 5,000
miners went to that distant region of
the Sierra, only to find that the gold
deposits were already worked out. The
Fraser river rush occurred In 1858 and
caused more suffering to the men of
California than a pestilence might
have done. Twenty thousand persons
left the states for that remote region,
where all suffered great privations.
Many died and the survivors went
back in a state of destitution.
About the same time that the gold
fever was at its height on the western
coast of North America, Just two years
after the rush of the "forty-niners,"
the great gold boom In Australia be
gan. It was at Summerhlll creek, 20
miles south of Bathurst, In the Mac
quarie plains, that Australian gold was
first found by E. Harsreaves, a golQ
miner from California. The Intelli
gence was made known In April or
May, 1851, and then began a rush of
thousands. Men left their former em
ployments In the bush or In the towns
to search for the precious ore, which
has ranked almost as an Idol In all
ages. Gold was found at Anderson's
creek, near Melbourne, the following
August, and a few weeks later the
great Ballarat gold fields, 80 miles west
of the city, were opened, and after
that Bendlgo, now called Sandhurst,
to the north.
Then came a gold fever which sur
passed that of California In intensity.
Not only in New South Wales and Vic
torla, where the auriferous deposits
had been revealed, but in every British
colony of Australia all ordinary in
dustry was abandoned for the one ex
citing pursuit. The disturbance of so
clal, Industrial and commercial affairs
during the first two or three years of
the Bold crazo was very great. Im
migration from Europe, North America
and China poured Into Melbourne at
the rate of 5,000 each week.
THE TRANSVAAL.
While there has never been a 'year
when the gold fever has. not raged with
more or less Intensity In some quarter
of the globe, the next great era of ln
tenso excitement which attracted tho
attention of the whole world was In tho
early SO's, when the extraordinary gold
fields of tho Transvaal, or South Af
rican republic, wero discovered. The
quartz formation of the famous Wlt
watersand reef differed entirely from
any hitherto known gold-bearing ore,
and at first many were skeptical of its
value. But when It became known
that tho reef extended in an unbroken
half-circle of 40 miles and formed one
of the richest fields In the world, the
rush across the "veldt" began. Thous.
ands traversed the thousand miles
which separted "the Rand" from the
English colonies, and the peaceful lit
tle Dutch republlo was Invaded with
a wild, greedy, excited mob of all na
tionalities. Tho town of Johannesburg
rose from a single hut to a city of
nearly 100.000 Inhabitants In less than
two years. Fabulous fortunes were
made In a few months. These wero
acquired, however, nit by hard work
at the mines, but by floating, bogus
companies when the fever was at Its
height. There was no placer mining
and before the reef could be made
profitable Immense machinery had to
be carried over hundreds of miles of
rough country.. But the gold was
there, and the output last year equaled
that of any other country of the world.
The, United States had its next great
epidemic of gold mining fever early
in 1889, when tho discoveries In Low
er California, created Intense excite
ment along the Pacific coast. Tho
Santa Clara district, to which tho
crowds rushed, was about 120 miles
south of San Diego, and 40 west of
Resanaga. During March, 1883, an av
orago of COO men reached the mines
each day. Tho town of Ensanada was
practically deserted by males. One of
the first workers washed out $4000
worth of gold In four hours near tho
Rancho Real del Castillo. The pan de
posit was mainly of black sand, from
which the cold was easily extracted
by the aid of amalgamated copper
plate. A Mexican digger took out $1500
In two days In the space of eight feet
square. The price of provisions during
March at tho diggings was tremendous
ly high. Five dollars was paid for a
50-pound sack of flour, and $3.50 for a
10-pound sack of oatmeal. Drinks wore
two bits (25 cents) each.
CRIPPLE CREEK.
It was In this same year, during the
summer of 18S9, that N. C. Creed, who
killed himself last week, discovered his
famous "Holy Moses" mine in Colora
do, and other rich deposits, which at
tracted thousands to the wildest re
gions about the Willow creek, where
the town of Crcede was subsequently
built. Meanwhile prospecting had been
been going on In the Cripple Creek
district of Colorado, and It was to this
vicinity that the next great rush of
argonauts was destined to be directed.
"Bob" AVomack, a cowboy, was tho
first to find ore in Poverty gulch. He
took It to Colorado Springs lato In 1890.
and the float was found to yield $240
to the ton. Edward de la Vergne, T.
F. Frlsble and Dr. J. P. Grannls then
put up the Broken Box ranch on Crip
ple creek, locating a claim under the
name of Eldorado. This was the first
claim registered in the district. Next
M. C. Lackford located the Blue Bell
In Squaw gulch, and "Bob" Work, a
Denver barber, located the Rose Maud
which showed on one of the earliest
assays no less than $2,300 per ton.
In July, 1891, the Buena Vista and
the Gold King mines were located.
When the Buena Vista was sold to
Count Pourtalls and T. C. Parish, of
Colorado Springs, the attention of the
entire country was called to the Crlp.
ple Creek gold fields, and the rush be
gan. Over the wind swept Rocky
mountain tops or waist deep through
the snow In the gulches the determined
body of treasurer seekers poured upon
the district, and claims were staked In
all directions. From Mineral Hill to
the creek bed the mountain sides were
covered with claims, as was all tho
ground on both sides of the lines, re
gardless of the character of the rock.
Many hardships were endured at Crip
ple Creek In those early days of Its
popularity, and to such as were suc
cessful the life was a rough and dis
tasteful one at best.
SCOTT STRATTON.
One of the wealthiest men at Cripple
Creek at tho end of 1893 was Wlnlleld
S. Stratton who was accounted to be
worth from $15,000,000 to $25,000,000. He
had tried his luck in all the camps in
the state of Colorado, and was one of
the first to enter the Cripple Creek
district. At that time he had no money
at all. After prospecting around, he
had made up his mind to pack up his
traps and go back to his old work as
a carpenter when he discovered the
yellow metal on a piece of float picked
up on ground owned by "Dick" Hous
ton, the Indian scout, and tho "Father
of Cripple Creek," It was the morn
ing of July 4, and Stratton called the
claim he located the Independence. He
had at that time no great hopes of the
claim, but a few weeks later the as
sayers told him that the rock he had
sent him from the location ran three
or four hundred dollars to the ton.
It Is reported that one day a man
went to Stratton and said: "Will you
take $10,000,000 for your mine?" Old
Man Stratton, as he was always called,
replied: "Do you happen to have a
million In your pocket?"
The other said: "No, but I can get
it." Then Stratton added: "Well, If
you would give me 10 times 10 millions
and put a million In gold down to bind
the bargain, I wouldn't sell. If I had
the money I wouldn't know what to do
with It. As long as It is down in tho
mine no one can take It away from
me, and I can take It out as fast as I
please."
On Battle mountain, Just above "the
Independence," was the second largest
prize won by the early explorers of
Cripple Creek. This great gold mine
Is called the Portland. Early residents
tell tho story of Its beginning as fol
lows: "Jlmmle Doyle had a bit of a
patch on ton o' the mountain that
might have been big enough for a gar
den, and then again It might not. It
was altogether about a sixth of an
acre. But It had a vlen. Close by
'Jlmmle' Burns It Is James F. Burns
now h id another bit of a patch. They
were both Irish and both from Port
land, Me., and so they put their claims
together, and called their mine In hon
or of their native town. Both wero
tenderfeet, and didn't know Just what
to do with their property, so one day
John Harnan came along and said:
'Boys, what'll you give me if I'll find
you pay rock?' Doyle and Burns
agreed to give Harnan a third If he
found the pay rock. He found it that
afternoon, and a year ago Harnan's
third of the mine was $2,000,000 In the
market."
OTHER FINDS.
The Portland has produced several
millions of dollars' worth of gold.
Stories such as these drove Colorado
wild In the early days of Cripple Creek
mining, and from 35,000 to 50,000 people
flocked to tho fields. None of these
places wh'lch have been the objective
points of gold fever rushes, however,
seem to have been so inaccessible as the
new gold fields of northeastern British
Columbia, and whatever hardships were
suffered by the '49ers of California or
the bush diggers of Australia may be
multiplied a thousand fold for the ex
cited hordes who aro flocking to tho
Klondike.
Among tho latest stories told by tho
returned miners from the Yukon Is that
discoveries quite as startling as those
which aro now electrifying tho world
may shortly be looked for in territory
which belongs beyond question to the
United States.
Somo rich strikes on American and
Mlnoo creeks, Alaska, are reported, and
it is believed tht since tho last news
from these points waa received much
greater development have been made.
In fact, It now appears that the rich
promise, of this region has not been
a secret among the northern gold hun
ters during tli last ttw monthe. but
the fame nf tho Klondike region had be
come bo "great that nearly every ona
wished to hurry to that district.
News Is soon expected which may
have tho effect of directing a great
portion of th'o rush southward to Amer
ican rather than British territory.
A TliEASEU EXCEPTION.
Tho Wcnry Trnvclor nt Last Finds n
Model Hallway Restaurant and It
Ilnppy.
Fnom tho Detroit Free Press.
With n weary sigh we entered tho
railway restaurant In the little south
ern town where we stopped for break
fast. Everyone knows what railroad
restaurants are with their "twenty
minutes for refreshments," or rather
twenty minutes to prepare for twenty
years of chronic dyspepsia, So with
heavy hearts wo entered the little
place, prepared for the worst. A neat
waitress approached.
"Quail on toast?"
"What?"
This was repeated. The quail was
delicious.
"Fresh trout caught this morning?"
"Great Scott, don't give me heart
failure! Yes, I'll take some."
By this time the knives and forks
wero rattling in earnest.
"Beefsteak, cream toast, fresh eggs,
buckwheat cakes, coffee and cream?"
"Will tho good things never end?"
cried the passengers.
Everything was served well, and It
was a breakfast worthy of the Wal
dorf or the Holland House only I'll
venture to say the quail and the fish
were Infinitely finer than could be
found in the metropolis. Tlie quail Had
been shot In the corn fields the day be
fore and the fish was fresh, sweet and
firm of flesh. The coffee, cream, beef
steak and buckwheat cakes were on a
par with the fish and quail. What an
aspect of good cheer and happiness was
seen In the faces of the surprised pas
sengers. Now, Indeed, was the tlmo
for the world to come to an end!
What good Samaritan, benefactor and
philanthropist was the keeper of this
restaurant, and how our eyes beamed
with satisfaction and grntltude as we
surveyed his Jovial, corpulent person.
"Take your tlmo, people," he said.
"Lots of time yet. I'll call you all In
time. Plenty of quail yet in tho
kitchen; plenty more fresh fish. That's
right; take another quail. They can't
go off and leave you, 'cause the con
ductor's here nnd he's got a powerful
hearty appetite."
Oh, pleasant, rotund bonlface! Your
Jovial features will remain In mind for
all time. Your place Is a refutation of
all the slanderous things that have
been said of the railway lunch counter;
It Is a bright spot In the memory of
travelers, driving away hundreds of
disagreeable dreams and experiences.
JTIS LITTLE MISTAKE.
Brlggs "Mighty pretty bonnet your
wife had on last Sunday. At least, my
wife said It was."
Braggs "Yes; and it all camo from my
absent-mindedness that she got It.1'
Brlggs "How's that."
Braces "When I went homo the other
evening, thinking very Intently aout
business, as I often do, I found my wife
In the kitchen. Now, what should I do
but hand the bird I had brought homo to
my wife and kiss the cookl.Of course,
she knew it was a mistake, but oh,
well, you know how women are." Tid
Bits. A Theory.
First tramp "I acksherally seen Bill
sawln' wood. He must bo awful hard
up."
Spcond Tramp "I t'lnk de woman must
have hypnotized Bill." Puck.
Sunday Sctowl tessoi for August 2
Paul Opposed at EpIhesniSo
Acts XIX, 21-34.
BY J. E. GILBERT, D. D., IX. D.,
Secretary of American Society of Religious Education.
CONTEXT. Our last lesson, historic
In character, on August 1, taken from the
eighteenth chapter of the Acts, left Paul
in Corinth. After teaching there a long
tlmo (versa 2), undisturbed except by one
insurrection of tho Jews, ho departed
fiom Europe and returned to the conti
nent of Asia. In company with Prls
cllla. and Abulia-, he sailed across tho
Aegean sea, and landed at Ephesus, ono
of tho chief towns in those parts. There
ho was cordially received by the Jews
who Invited him to teach in their syna
gogues. Though urged to remain among
them he again sailed, landed at Ca'esarea,
and went up to the feast at Jerusalem
(xviiil: 21-22). Having saluted tho breth
ren ho went forth again, traversing all
tho country of his previous ministry in
Galatla and PhrjK'a and returned a sec
ond time to Ephesus, according to prom
ise. There for tho first time he met Apol
los, who hod lately como from Corinth.
Paul remained In Ephesus a long time
(xlx: 10), .teaching, working miracles, and
contenalngrfor tho faith as It Is in Jesus.
PURPOSE, After this useful ministry
In Ephesus the apostlo proposed to re
turn to Macedonia and Achala, the two
European provinces which ho previously
visited, that he might meet the converts
at Phlllppl, Bcrea, Thessalonlca, Athens
and Corinth. (Verse 21) He was drawn
to this the more by the feet that the
Spirt of God prompted him to go upward
to Jerusalem and Rome. Those places
roveal tho enlarging Held of this great
man's work, and show tho truly apostolic
character of his office. Unub'.e to depart
at onco ho sent two of his assistants,
Timothy and Erastus. (Verse 21'). Tho
first, as a beloved son, had been his com
panion In nearly all his missionary opcr
tlons, and tho latter, who had been an
officer under tho Roman government
(Rom. xvl: 2S), was destined to becomo
pastor or bishop at Corinth. (II Tim. iv;
20). Herein is presented the plan of min
isterial service employed. A scries of lo
cal churches or congregations had been
established, al! under apostolic supervis
ion, to bo visited, encouraged and in
structed at Intervals.
CItAFTSMEN.-Shortly after tho de
parture of Timothy and Erastus a great
commotion was raised in Ephesus .(Verse
23). It originated In a now and unex
pected quarter. Tho city was the seat of
tho worship of Diana. At certain times
in tho year the peoplo resorted thither
from all parts of Aela Minor to worship,
and when they returned to their homes,
they wero pleased to take with them va
rious Images of the goddess to assist th?m
in continuing their devotions. Ab a con
sequence workmen were employed to
make these images-, deriving from their
sale a livelihood and' In some Instances,
deriving largo wealth. The spread of
Christianity through tho preaching of
Paul greatly Interfered with this Lasl
ness (verses 21 and 21), and, as a conse
quence, the men engaged therein, smart
ing under tho loss sustained, conspired
together. Demetrius, a man largely In
terested, called his fellow workmen to
gether and represented tho case. Tho
gospel was opposed by tho craftsmen.
They were a type of a largo class, who,
in every age and land, care less for
righteousness than for worldly gain,
CONFLICT. Demetrius did not rest his
objections on purely eelllsh considera
tions, although ho began his speech with
la statement of loss in business. Ho af
INDIGO ONCE WAS
THE DEVIL'S DYE
Tbflt Was Us Name la the Sixteenth
Century.
ITS USE WAS THEN PROHIBITED.
Tho Claim Jttndo That It Itottod the
Clotlie--How tho Drc-StufT Is
l)crlvcd--Lnruo Sums of illonoy
Profitably Invested In tho Indigo
Industry.
According to a writer In Popular
Sclenco News. Indlco was used In
Egypt and India long before the Chris
tian era. DIoscorldes and Pliny each
mention It under tho terms Indlkos and
Indlcum. Egyptian mummy cloths,
and In some Instances, mummy cases,
hnvc been found dyed by this agent.
It Is supposed that in tho Middle
Ages the Jews, some of whom were
dyers. Introduced Indigo In Europe.
During the latter half of the sixteenth
century, many experiments and Im
provements were made In the art of
dyeing. Hut some fabrics were so
spoiled by chemical action that when
Issued for sale they were found "to rot
on the shelves of tho shopkeeper."
These mischiefs were traced to Indigo
colored fabrics, and the substance It
self soon came to be called devil's dye.
In 1577 a law was passed In Germany
to prohibit, tho use of this coloring
matter.
In the middle of the next century the
people of Nuremberg who cultivated
woad went so far as to Impose on their
dyers an oath, to be taken annually,
that they would not use Indigo. Be
tween tho years 1696 and 1669 the use
of Indigo was also prohibited in France.
Colbert, however, showed more enllght
ment on the subject, and the prohibition
was repealed.
THE INDIGO PLANT.
Indigo is not directly elaborated by
those plants which are Its source of
supply. Nature furnishes It through
several species of Indigofera, plants
of the Paplllonaceae family. The
European plant which yields Indigo Is
woad. Various species of Indigofera
flourish in South America, tho West
Indies, Egypt, India and other warm
regions. It has even been cultivated
In tho south of Spain. But not only
Is a warm climate necessary to tho
plant, It also requires a soil which is
not liable to Inundations.
The cultivation of this plant, and the
manufacture and exportation of its
products is an Industry almost entirely
controlled by Europeans. A capital
of considerably over Ave millions of
dollars is Invested In it. Under the
head of Drugs and Chemicals, the Brit
ish trade returns for 18S8 show tho
Imports of Indigo to amount to 1,700,
000, or about eight and a half mlllons
of dollars, the exports being five and a
half millions. Of late years, the busi
ness has declined In Bengal proper, but
In Behar, the area under cultivation
has Increased. Two crops are there
raised In the year. The one sown In
April or May Is gathered In August or
September. Then in October, as soon
ae the waters subsld. there Is a new
planting which yields a harvest In the
following July.
HOW IT IS MADE.
The process of manufacture is com
paratively simple. When the plants
begin to flower, they are cut down close
fected a concern for the popular re
ligion, expecting probably In this way to
carry tho multitude with him. Accord
ingly, ho first set forth Paul's dootrlno
(verse 33), who had declared that they
weronogods -which were made with hands
(Psalm cv: 4), a doctrine plainly taught
under tho Jewish sjstem (Jer. x, 3), in op
position to all tho practices of the heath
en. This abhorrent teaching Demetrius
affirmed (vorso 27) endangered the temple
of Diana, because the people would learn
to desplso and neglect it. Thus ho claimed
that a great Indignity had been shown,
not to an ancient system of worship
merely, but to the millions throughout
Asia who held to It. The lines of con
flict wero sharply drawn. On one side
wero tho followers of Christ with Paul
at their head on the other side the busl
ness men under Demetrius, clinging to
their idols for tho profit 10 be derived.
The now faith, promslng deliverance from
sin, arrayed against tho old faith, in
trcnclfed in superstition, sustained by
passion and greed.
CONFUSION. Tho words of Demetrius
caused a great uproar. All who heard
were full of wrath (verso 2S), because
their religion had been assailed, With
ona voice they shouted: "Great Is Diana
of tho Epheslans." Local pride, personal
profit, religious devotion combined to
render the company demonstrative. Tho
noise soon excited those who were near,
and the words wero taken and carried
from street to street, until tho wholo
city was in confusion (verse 29). And no
wonder! Tho temple of Diana was tho
chief glory of Ephesus. It had been
built with ungrudging magnificence out
of contributions mado by tho peoplo In
all Asia, tho women offering their Jewels',
as tho Jowlsh women had done for tho
tabernaclo of the wilderness (Ex. xxxv:
22). It stood In full view of the haven,
and gleamed with star-like radiance. The
Imago of Diana, standing within tho
temple, It was said, had fallen from
heaven, a symbol of fertility and the
productive power of nature, and was
held with profoundest reverence, and
superstitious credulity. It Is not sur
prising, therofore, that fanaticism should
seek to avenge any Insult to the goddess
or to tho temple,
SAFETY.-At length the mob, under
proper guidance, determined to punish
tho offenders. A rush was made for the
Jowlsh quarter and the shop of Aqulla.
But Paul was not found. The rioters,
therefore, seized two of his companions
Galus of Macedonia (Bom. xvl: 23), and
tho faithful Arlstarchus (Col. Iv: 10), nnd
rushed with them Into tho theater. Tho
ruins, still visible, show that this build
lng had a capacity of 30,000 spectators,
and was one of the largest structures
In the world. Anxious for the fate of his
companions Paul desired to make his
way Into tho theater and address tho
rioters (verso 30), daring to fnco tho
furious Insults and raging passions of
tho exonerated crowd. I.t this he dis
played that supremo heroism which
characterised him throughout his career
(Acts xxls 13). But his friends, appre
ciating the magnitude of the danger, dls
couraged him, and a letter from somo of
the rulers of the city confirmed tho
advice of the disciples (verse 31). And so
the great apoitlo remained In a place
of safety, and his Ufa was spared to
bless tho world.
DEFENSE. Tha vast assmbly, crowd
od hastily in tho theater, was for a
to tho ground, tied In bundles, and then
placed in cold water In large vats. The
vegetable mass Is kept down by tim
bers wedged In tho sides of the vats,
and Is thus allowed to steep. In such
a warm climate, fermentation takes
place in from twelve to fourteen hours,
when carbon dl-oxlde and various foul
vapors are given off a condition preju
dicial to the health of all concerned in
the process.
The water above the vegetable mat
ter gradually changes from a straw
vellow to a colden color. The llnuld Is
"Sien run off Into tanks and well stirred,
or rather lashed, with .long bamboo
rods for about three hours, so as to
thoroughly aerate It. A froth appears
which soon becomes violet-colored; In
other words, an oxidizing process has
taken place in the substance dissolved
by the water. The organic body elab
orated by the plant and now In solu
tion Is a glucosldc, termed Indlcan.
But exposure to air oxidizes this Indl
can and converts It Into lndlgo-bluc,
which Is insoluble In water. Hence,
when this blue substance Is finally pre
cipitated as a fine powder, It Is trans
ferred to a cauldron and boiled for
about twenty minutes to prevent a sec
ond fermentation, which would make
It valueless, The mass Is then left over
night and again boiled for thro or four
hours. After this treatment the dye
stuff Is passed through several strain
ers, a filter-press, and lastly. Is very
carefully dried and then packed In
boxes for transportation.
MKS. GKOYER CLEVELAND.
Trlbuto to tho Lato Mistiest of tho
White House.
From tho Tlmoa-Hen.ld.
From Lady Washington, ns the peo
ple loved to call the wife of the first
president, to Mrs. Grover Cleveland,
there Is an Interval of precisely a hun
dred years, and in that Interval many
polished and cultivated women have
dispensed the hospitalities and borne
some of the cares of the presidential
mansion. None has been unfitted for
her station, but some stand out In
greater prominence than others. Mrs.
Washington, Mrs. Abigail Adams, Mrs.
Madison and Mrs. Polk are among
those whose fame Is best known to
the world, and whose graces would
have adorned tho most celebrated
courts. To these Is now to be added
Mrs. Cleveland, who by her charm and
beauty and youth and refinement has
won an abiding place In the hearts of
all the people. Mr. Cleveland may be
criticised as much as one will, but not
a word can bo uttered against the
gracious lady who has stood by his
side, ever faithful to high Ideals.
From the day she entered the White
House as a youthful bride, untrained
In the nice courtesies of official sta
tion, she has maintained her position
as though she had never known any
other life. Fearless, frank and amiable,
she has exhibited the high breeding
that the daughters of this republic pos
sess by natural Inheritance. And yet
she has been no time-server. Having
her own religious and moral convic
tions, she never sacrificed them to ex
pediency, nor did she make of them a
show, or endeavor to impose them upon
others.
If we would describe a typical Amer
ican woman, a character that would In
clude man's Ideal of the highest wo
manhood, we would not go far away
If we presented the portrait of Frances
Cleveland. As hostess, wife and moth
er she has won the affection of all who
know her, and In her retirement to pri
vate life the people wish her every hap
piness. tlmo in great confusion (verso 32). Many
did not know the cause of the trouble.
Various and partial reports had been
circulated, and, as a result, some shout
ed ono thing and some another, accord
ing to tho interests represented. Suf
ficient order was finally obtained to per
mit a hearing of the cause, and tho
Jews, who had been Involved with tho
Christians, attempted to mlJ a state
ment. It is probablo that they desired
to have It known that they were not
responsible, and that all tho blame, if
such there be, rested on the Christians.
Alexander was put forward by them to
speak. This Is doubtless the same man
that Is afterward mentioned by Paul (I.
Tim. i: 20) as the coppersmith, who made
him great trouble (II. Tim. Iv: 14). Lift
ed to some elevated place 'where ho
might bo seen, a measure of quiet re
stored, he beckoned with his hand and
began his address.
OUTCRY. Alexander was not permit
ted to deliver his address. Possibly by
his associates, or by his appearance,
or by his accent, or by his opening sent
ence he was recognized as a Jew. With
out waiting to learn what ho had to
say the people considered him ns In a
sense opposed to them and their relig
ion. A voice shouted, another, another
Joined In, and tho multltudo took up
the cry, raised at the beginning: "Great
is Diana of the Epheslans." It was a
popular, noisy demonstration In favor
of tho goddess. For two hours the out
cry continued (verse 34) until Bedlam
was supreme. This was a remarkablo
event in the history of the city, tho
homo of tho best Hellenic culture. Hero
Anacreon had sung the songs that suit
ed the Greek colonists; hero Minnermos
had written his elegies; hero Thales had
given the first impulse to philosophy;
hero Parrhaslus and Appelles had
studied their Immortal art: and hero
tho deepest of all Greuh thinkers
had meditated on those truths which he
uttered In language of Imcomparablo
force. But now tho morals and Intel
lectual llfo oftho city had sunken so low
that it had become tha center of super
stition, polluting tho atmosphere of the
adjacent region.
ItEFLECTIONS.-One would scarce ex
pect in such a city after tho scenes Just
described, that the Gospel would achieve
any great results. But with tho excep
tlon of Homo, the city was destined to
become by far the most Important field
of the apostle's labor. Hero ho wrote
two, perhaps three of his letters, In grfe
of which ho declared that a great ind
effectual door had been opened to ihlm
In Ephesus (I. Cor. xvl: 9), Ho rjffers
to tho city In his charge to Timothy (I.
Tim. 1: 3), and to tho servlco rendered
there by Oneslpherus, (II. Tim. it is,) and
ha sent Tychlcus there to labor II. Tim.
Iv: 12.) Traphlmus was an ,Epheslan.
(Acts xxl: 29.) Tho noillo John Is be
hoved to havo mado Ephesus his resi
dence during the latter part of hi? life.
Later tho church declined from Its first
love. (Rev. II: MT.) causing the apoca.
lyptlc letter to be wrltteni Ephesus
became, in fact, the third capital or
starting point of Christianity. Born at
Jerusalem, broadened and quickened at
Anloch, It here witnessed its full de
velopment In tho final. amalgamation of
Its unconsolidated elements. We may
learn thuB that opposition does not In
jure a man, or a cause. Bather It brings
out ana strengthens every good work.
Vi. Macs, in; 3j
AN OPEN LETTER
To MOTHERS.
WE ARE ASSERTING IN THE COURTS OUR RIGHT TO THE
EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE WORD " OASTORIA," AND
"PITCHER'S OASTORIA," AS OUR TRADE MARK.
I, DR. SAMUEL PITCHER, of Hyannis, Massachusetts,
was the originator of "PITCHER'S CASTORIA," tho same
that has borne and does now f s3ffiZZ m CTer
bear the facsimile signature of Cayfz&&&K: wrapper.
This is the original "PITCHER'S CASTORIA," which has been
used in the homes of the Mothers of America for over thirty
years. LOOK CAREFULLY at the wrapper and see that it is
the hind you have always bought rf rgw . t on M
and has the signature of Cutjfff'&ci wrap
per. No one has authority from mo to use my name ex
cept The Centaur Company of which Chas. H. Fletcher is
President. , .
March 8, 1897. Q&C cu ,m
Do Not Be Deceived.
Do not endanger the life of your child by accepting
a cheap substitute which some druggist may offer you
(because he makes a .few more pennies on it), the in
gredients of which even he does not know.
"The Kind You Have Always Bought"1
BEARS THE FAOSIMILE SIGNATURE OF
C&xM&&4
Insist on Having
LThe Kind That Never Failed Ton.
TMC CtNTAUn Q9HH.nl, TI MURAT TCCT, NIW 10KB. CITY.
Directory of Wholesale and Retail
CITY AND SUBURBAN
ISIM
art studio.
F. Bantee E3S Spruce.
ATHLETIC AND DAILY PAPERS.
Relsman ft Solomon, 103 Wyoming ave.
ATHLETIC GOODS AND IUCYCLES.
C. M. Florey, 222 Wyoming ave.
AWNINGS AND RUBBER GOODS.
B, A- Crosby, m Lackawanna ave.
BANKS.
Lackawanna. Trust and Safe Deposit Co,
Merchants' and Mechanics', 429 Lacka.
Traders' National, cor. Wyoming and
Spruce.
West Side Bank. 100 N. Main.
Bcranton Savings, 122 Wyoming.
BEDDING, CARPET CLEANING, ETC.
The Bcranton Bedding Co., Lackawanna,
BREWERS.
Robinson, B. Sons, 43$ N. Seventh.
Robinson, Mlna, Cedar, cor. Alder.
BICYCLES GUNS. ETC.
Parker, EI. It., 321 Spruce,
BICYCLE LIVERY.
City Bicycle Livery, 120 Franklin.
BICYCLE REPAIRS, ETC.
Blttenbender & Co., 313i Spruce street.
BOOTS AND SHOES.
Goldsmith Bros. 304 Lackawanna.
Goodman's Shoe Store, 432 Lackawanna.
DROKER AND JEWELER.
Radln Bros., 123 Fenn.
CANDY MANUFACTURER.
Bcranton Candy Co., 22 Lackawanna.
CARPETS AND WALL PAPER.
Ingalls, J. Scott, 419 Lackawanna.
CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.
Slmwell, V. A., 515 Linden.
CARRIAGE REPOSITORY.
Blume, Wm. & Son, 622 Spruce.
CATERER.
Huntington, 3, C, SOS N. Washington.
CHINA AND GLASSWARE.
Rupprecht, Louis, 221 Penn ave.
CIGAR MANUFACTURER.
J, l Flore, 223 Spruce street.
CONFECTIONERY AND TOYS.
Williams, J, t. & Bros., 314 Lacka.
CONTRACTOR AND BUILDER.
Snook, S. M., Olyphant.
CROCKERY AND GLASSWARE.
Harding, J. L., 215 Lackawanna.
DINING ROOM.
Caryl's Dining Room, 505 Linden,
DRY GOODS.
The Fashion. 308 Lackawannn avenue.
Kelly & Healey. 30 Lackawanna.
Flnley, P. B., 510 Lackawanna.
DRY GOODS. SHOES, HARDWARE, ETC.
Mulley, Ambrose, triple stores. Provi
dence. DRY GOODS, FANCY GOODS.
Kresky, B. II. & Co., 114 S. Main.
DRUGGISTS.
McGarrah & Thomas, 209 Lackawanna.
Lorantz, C, 41S Lacka.; Linden & Wash.
gavls, o. w Main and Market,
loes, W. S., Peckvllle.
D&vles, John J,, 103 S. Main.
ENGINES AND BOILERS,
Dickson Manufacturing Co.
FINK MERCHANT TAILORING.
J W. Roberts, 1!8 N Main ave.
W. J. Davis, 215 Lackawanna,
Brio Audren, 119 S. Main ave.
I FLORAL DESIGNS.
t Clark, G. R. & Co., 201 Washington.
FLOUR. BUTTER, EGGS, ETC.
The T. II. Watts Co., Ltd- 723 W. Lacka,
Bibcock O. J. & Co., 116 Franklin.
IFLOUR, FEED AND GRAIN.
Matthews C, P. Sons & Co., 34 Lacka.
The Weston Mill Co,, 47-49 Lackawanna.
.FRUITS AND PRODUCE.
I Dale St Btevens, 27 Lackawanna.
1 Cleveland. A. 8.. 17 Lackawanna.
FURNISHED ROOMS.
Union House, zu Lackawanna.
(furniture.
Hill It Connell, 122 Washington.
Barbour's Home Credit House, 425 Lack,
GROCERS.
Kelly, T. J. & Co., 14 Lackawanna.
Uegargel & Connell, Franklin avenue.
Porter, John T.. 28 and 28 Lackawanna.
Rice, Levy & Co., SO Lackawanna.
Plxle, J. J-i 4H Lackawanna.
r
1 ' -
1.
f GENERAL MERCHANDISE.
Osterhout. N. P., HOW. Market
Jordan. James, Olyphant.
Bechtold, B. J Olyphant.
HARDWARE.
Connell, W. P. A Sons, 118 Penn.
Foots & Shear Co., 119 N. Washington,
Hunt Connell Co., 434 Lackawanna,
IjHARDWARE AND PLUMMNG.
uunrers Forsyth, "7 Penn.
Cowles, W. C. 1907 N. Main ave.
HARNESS AND SADDLERY HARDWARE.
rVi"' ?,w 10 Lackawanna,
Keller & Harris. 117 Penn.
i i
HARNESS, TRUNKS, BUGGIES.
B. B. Houser. 133 N. Main avenue.
HOTELS.
Arlington. Grimes ft Flannery. Sprue
and Franklin.
Beranton House, near depot.
HOUSE. SIGN AND FRESCO PAINTER.
Wm. Hay. 113 Linden.
HUMAN HAIR AND HAIR DRESSING.
N. T. Halt, 223 Lackawanna.
LEATHER AND FINDINGS.
Williams, Samuel, 221 Spruce.
LIME, CEMFNT SKIVER PIPE.
Keller, Luther, 813 Lackawanna.
.MILK, CREAM. BUTTER. ETC.
Scranton Dairy Co.. Penn and Linden.
Stons Bros., 303 Spruce,
MILLIINER.
Mrs. M, Saxe, 148 N. Main avenue.
MILLINERY AND DRESSMAKING.
Mrs. Bradley, 20S Adams, opp. Court
House.
MILLINERY AND FURNISHING GOODS.
Brown's Bee Hive, 224 Lackawanna.
MINE AND MILL SUPPLIES.
Scranton Supply and Mach. Co., 131 Wyo,
MODISTE AND DRESSMAKER.
Mrs. K. Walsh, 811 Spruce street.
MONUMENTAL WORKS
Owens Bros., 218 Adams ave.
I'ANTS.
Grpat Atlantic S3 Pants Co., 319 Lack a.
wana ave.
PAINTS AND SUPPLIES.
Jlencke & McKoe, 30S Spruce street.
PAINTS AND WALL PAPER.
Wlnke, J, C 315 Penn.
PAWNBROKER,
Green, Joseph, 107 Lackawanna.
PIANOS AND ORGANS.
Stelle, J. Lawrence, 308 Spruce.
PHOTOGRAPHER.
H. 8. Cramer, til Lackawanna ave.
PLUMBING AND HEATING.
Howley, P. F. & M. F., 231 Wyoming av,
REAL ESTATE.
Horatio N. Patrick, 835 Washington.
RUBBER STAMPS, STENCILS ETC.
Scranton Rubber Stamp Co,, 538 Spruce
street.
ROOFING.
National Roofing Co., 331 Washington.
SANITARY PLUMBING
W. A. Y.'ledebusch, 231 Washington ave.
STIIAMSHIP TICKETS.
J, A. Barron, US Lackawanna and
Prlceburg.
STEREO-RELIEF DECORATIONS AND
PAINTING.
6. It, Morris. 247 Wyjmlng ave.
T15A, COFFEE AND SPICE.
Grand Union Tea Co, 103 S. Main,
TRUSS I'S, nATTEHIEi?, RUnitER GOODS
Benjamin & Benjamin, Franklin anil
Spruce.
UNDERTAKER AND LIVERY.
Raub, A. R., 423 Spruce.
UPHOLSTERER AND CARPET LAYER.
C. II. Hazlett, US Spruce street.
WALL PAPER, ETC.
Ford, W. M 120 Penn.
WATCHMAKER AND JEWELER.
Rogers, A, E., 215 Lackawanna,
WINES AND I1QUORS.
Walsh, Edward J 83 Lackawanna.
i
WIRE AND WIRE ROPE,
Washburn & Moen.Mfg Co.. 119 Frankll
I