THE SCKANTON TRIBUNE- SATURDAY MORNING, JANUAUY 0, 1807. 11 EXTRA SESSIONS IN PRIOR TIMES Review o! an Interesting Phase of Our National History. REASONS FOR THE VARIOUS CALLS Tho Prolonged Dalmto on tlio Con gress Cliuiso in tho Constitution. Tho Tlrst llxtrn Session Wns Cnllod In aiiiyl707, rrcsldcnt John AiluniB. Othor Kxtriioruiiuiry Assemblages of tho Iitiw-hiokliiB l'owtsr. The constitution, article II., section ... provides that "the president may, on extraordinary occasions, conven otn i,r,,icoo , uiihw if tliein." As orlgln- ullv reported Uy John llutled.- of Sor.t Carolina, from the committee on detail of the Federal convention of 177, article III, was ni folio .vh The legislative power shall lie vested In a congress, to consist of two sepa rate and distinct bodies of men, u house of representatives and n senate, euch of which shall In all cases have n negative on the other The loglsln ture shall meet on the tlrst Monday In Ue emlcr every year. When that article was taken uo for convderatlon, Jamon Madison, of Vir ginia, desired to know the reasons of the committee for fixing by the consti tution the time of meeting of oonress, suggesting that only one meeting should be held every year, leaving the time to bo llxed or varied by law. Gov errnir Morris, o Ttw York, moved to strike out -the sentence, as It was im proper, he thought, to tie down the legislature to a particular time. Na thaniel Gorhnm, of Massachusetts, thought the time of meeting should be llxed, as otherwise states would be at a loss to adjust thereto the times of their elections. In New England states the annual time of meeting had been long fixed by their charters and con stitutions, and no inconvenience had re sulted. He thought it necessary there should be one meeting at least every year as a. check on the executive depart ment. Oliver Ellsworth, of Connecticut was opposed to striking out tho words. Itufus King, of Massachusetts, did not think there was a necessity for a meet ing eacli year. A great vice in our system was that of legislating too much. The most numerous objects of legislation belong to the states. Those of the national legislature were but few. The chief of them were commerce and revenue. MR, MADISON OBJECTED. Mr. Madison renewed Ills objection to the provision, mid added as a. strons consideration that it might happen that the congress might be called together by the public exigencies and finish their session but a short time before the an nual period, In which case it would be Inconvenient to reassemble so quickly. Mr. Mason, of Virginia, believed "that an annual meeting should be required as essential to the preservation of the constitution. The extent of the country will supply business, and if it should not, the legislature, besides legislative, is to have inquisitorial powers which cannot safely bo long kept In a stato of suspension." Roger Sherman, of Connecticut, was decided for llxlng the time, as well ns for frequent meetings of the legislative body. "Disputes and Cllllculties will arise between the two houses, and between both and the states, if the time be changeable. Fre quent meetings of Parliament were re quired, at the Revolution in England, ss an essential safeguard to liberty. So also are annual meetings in most of the American charters and constitu tions. There will be business enough to require it. The Western country ana the great extent and varying state of affairs In general will supply objects." Edmund Randolph, of Virginia was against fixing any day irrevocably, but as there was no provision made anywhere for regulating the periods of meeting and some precise time must be fixed, until the Legislature shall make provision, he could not agree to strike out the word altogether. In stead of which, he moved to add the following words: "Unless a different day shall be appointed by law." Mr. Madison seconded the motion, and It was agreed to by a vote of 8 to 12, New Hampshire and Connecticut voting- in the negative. Mr. Morris moved to strike out "De cember" and insert "May." "It might frequently happen that our measures ought to be influenced by those in Eu rope, which were generally planned during the winter, and of which in telligence would arrive In the spring." Mr. Madison seconded the motion. "He preferred May to December, because the latter would require the travelling to and from the seat of government in the most inconvenient season of the year." Mr. Ellsworth was opposed to May, saying: "The summer will inter fere too much with private business, that of almost all the probable mem bers of the Legislature being more or less connected with agriculture." On the question to Insert "May," the ayes were 2 (South Carolina and Georgia), and the noes were S. The amendment of Mr. Randolph were thereupon agreed to. Article III., as reported, was further amended by striking out the words "each of which shall in all cases have a negative on the other" and by adding the words "unless they shall by law appoint a different day." This, in the final revision, became clause 2, section ), Article 1., with the substitution of the word "Congress" for "Legislature." The Judgment of Mr. Madison, that the extent of the coun try would "supply business," was vin dicated by the first congress. The first session convened on March 4, 17S9 did not adjourn until Sept. 29, a period of 210 days, while by act of Sept. 29. it fixed the day of meeting of the first session on Jan. 4, 1790, that session last ing 221 days. Uy net of March 2, 1791, the Second Congress convened on Oct. 24 of that year, sat until May 8, 1792, and, by act of May C, convened the sec ond session of that Congress on Nov, D. Prior to the Fourteenth Congress there had heen five, "extra" sessions cnlled, and by act of Congress the time wus changed from the first Monday In December, In seven other Congress es to about the Bth of November. Tho provision that the President "may, on extraordinary occasions, con vene both houses, or either of them," was in the report of Mr. Rutledgo from the committee on Detail, save tho words "or either of them." It led to no debate or contest. Its necessity being apparent by the experience of the Con tinental Congress and the belief that exigencies should be provided for. TWELVE "EXTRAS" IN ALL. . The power of convening Congress "on extraordinary occasions" has been exercised by nlno Presidents, viz.: John .Adams, Jerferson (twice), Madison (twice), Van Udrtiii, Harrison, Pierce, Lincoln, Hayes (twice), and Cleveland, making In nil twelve "extra" sessions out of tho 118 sesslons.of Congrers held during the century 'df out1 'existence as a nation under the Constitution. The first "exlra" session of Con gress was cnlled by President John Adams, anil cohyenetj on Monday, May IB, 1797, and .wjis' ', the llrst session of the Fifth Congress, it was called on nccount of the sus pension of diplomatic Intercourse with Franco, on tho pretext, on the part of the French Directory, that tho Jay treaty was iv violation of our part of a solemn compact In relation to the French West India possessions. Our Minister to Franco. Mr. Charles C. Plnckney, had been expelled from that country by the Directory, which had Issued further orders for depreda tion on American commerce more un just and Injurious than their former decrees. Mr. Dayton, of New cJrsoy, was again elected speaker, mill, there being a decided Federal majority hi each branch of congress, the president's rec ommendations were promptly carried out. Severn! Important measures were passed, including nets for the organiza tion of tho mllltla and providing for a naval armament, the session closing on the loth of July, after llxlng Nov. 13 as the time of meeting of the second ses sion. ' The next "extra" session was the first sessldn of tho Eighth congress, con vened by President Jerferson on Mon day, Oct. 17, 1S03. Tho "extraordinary occasion" neces sitating, In the opinion of Mr. Jeffer son, an. extra session of congress, was the secret cession Of Louisiana bv the King of Spain to France, the intendailt- of Louisiana being, instructed to make the formal .delivery precisely as It was held by Franco When ceded to Spain. In the execution of tills mandate the intendant proclaimed that New Orleans wus closed as a place of deposit for merchandise, foreign commerce being forbidden that port unless carried on by Spanish subjects in Spanish bot toms. Speaker Macon was re-elected with out opposition, and as both branches were friendly to the administration by lurge majorities, the treaty mude by Monroe, Livingston, and Plnckney was promptly ratllled by the senate, the house with equal promptness passing a bill for tho execution of the treaty. During tills session the unpopular bankruptcy was repealed, and several Important measures passed, Including acts authorizing the president to take possesion of Louisiana under the treaty with France concluded, at Paris In the. preceding- April, and an act "erecting Louisiana Into two territories, and pro viding for tho temporary government thereof." The attack upon the Chesapeake by tho Leopard and the seizure of alleged deserters from the British navy under the "right of search" claimed by Great Rrltaini together with unsettled differ ences with Spain, induced President Jerferson to call an "extra" session of the Tenth congress, on Oct. 28, 1S07. Tho earnest recommendation of the president for the passage of an "em bargo act" the most vigorous legisla tion affecting private property ever en acted by congress was promptly con curred in by the senate by a vote of 22 to C, and by the house by a vote of S2 to 44. Other important measures, especially those making liberal appro priations for gunboats and for coast and harbor defenses, and also those re lating to the judicial and public land systems, were passed during this ses sion, which closed April 23, 1S0S. IN WAR TIMES. Tho next "extra" session was called by President Madison, who convened the Twelfth congress on the 4th day of November, 1811, to Consider questions growing out of the condition oi foreign affairs, especially resulting from the Uiitlsh orders in council, and the French edicts, which seriously affected our commerce. The affair of the Little Belt was deemed likely to lead to war, the bitter feeling growing out of the attack on the Chesapeake not having subsided. The president earnestly urged upon congress "the duty of put ting the United States into an armor and attitude demanded by the crisis, and corresponding with the national spirit and expectations," The "war spirit" of the day was strikingly mani fested In the elctlon of Henry Clay, as speaker, over William W. lllbb, of Georgia, tho peace candidate, by a vote of "3 to 3S. Although Mr. Clay had served three years in the senate, ho was compartalvely unknown, the coun try quite generally confusing the speaker-elect with Matthew Clay, of Virginia. "So much," says Schouler, "for a. three years' record at this epoch In the United States senate, where owi llke seniority blinked down Impetuous youth." It was during this session . at Mr. Clay took the lloor In support of the senate bill for 23,000 addltonal troops when the defeat of that meas ure seemed certain, his spirted and elo quent speech saving tho bill, the llrst Instance of n speaker taking part In the debates of the hottse. During tills ses sion many Important measures were passed In harmony with the president's recommendations, plnns of Internal rev enue were considered, and custom duties wcro doubled. Treasury notes belling Interest were authorized to the amount of $i,000,000. A 0 per cent, loan of $11,000,000 was granted, bo that upon the declartalon of war against Great Britain by the act of June, 1812, tho government was ns fully prepared for the emergency ns possible. The session terminated July C, 1812, tho second seslon being fixed for Nov. 2 following, and the first session of the Thirteenth congress being set for May 21, lSin. Henry Clay was re-elected speaker by a vote of S3 to G4, represent ing the administration vote, or major ity, In the house. He resinned on tho 19th of January, 1S14, and Langdon Cheves, of South Carolina, was chosen ns his successor. The opposlton to tho .war became quite general In tho east ern and middle states, and a new em bargo act was passed applying to all vessels. In August, 1811, occurred the sack and burning of Washington, tho excuse for which waB given out as the necessary destruction of the Capitol building and the government archives. DAYS OF DEFICIT. In spite of the fact that tho second session of the Thirteenth congress, which adjourned April 18, 1814, had llxed tho commencement of the third session on the "fourth Monday of May, 1811," President Madison was compelled to convene congress In extra session at a still earlier day In order to provide for treasury deficiencies, as well as to con sider negotiations then on foot with Grent Britain to decide "whether It should require arrangements adopted to u return of peace or order the more effective provisions for the prosecuting of war," and by proclamation of Aug. 8 the third session was convened Sept. 19. 1814. It assembled under peculiar circum stances. Tho city had been nearly de stroyed, and out of the heap of rubbish could be seen tho blackened wulls of the capltol, firm enough, however, to be used for rebuilding. Congress procured u temporary shelter and proceeded to consider the three great questions which embarrassed it; First, a largo treasury deficiency; second, disaff 'Ctloi; of the New England states, thirl ill" delicate negotlatli ns wl h Or'.at )3ilt nln, whii"i mean: either an Irii.ii utile peace or a l. oi view... i io" iitlon of the war. Most of the bank-? outside of the New England states had sus pended specie payments. Massachu setts alone kept Its notes ranged as high as 40 per cent. Treasury notes were again resorted to, tax bills were numerous, including subjects not there tofore re-sorted to, and a dliect tax win laid. The Hartford convention aggravated the situation, and though Its full pro ceedings have never been published Its staled journal, when opened, being found to contain a meagre sketch of formal proceedings enough is known to show that a deliberate attempt was made by representative Federalists to procure a separation of the states. To use the illustration of a distinguished writer, "the Hartford convention, har dening into stone, reserves for all ages a sphinx-like mystery." Fortunately, our quarrell with Great Britain was brought to an amicable conclusion through the treaty of Ghent, on the day before Christmas. Its last session closed In an exuberance of joy. Military operations were declared sus pended; calls for additional troops were countermanded; the mllltla was speedi ly discharged, and the State Volunteer act repealed. Dallas's bank scheme was postponed, and congress provided for the Immediate wants of the treas ury by a temporary loan and a new Is sue of treasury notes, by the acts of February 24 and March 3, 1S1&. VAN BUREN'S CALL. Tho next "extra" session was tho first session of the Twenty-fifth congress, which was convened on the 4th of Sep tember, 1837, by President Van Buren. The general and almost simultaneous suspension of specie payments In the month of May wus the occasion of this momentus susslon which dosed on the IGth of October. The Inevitable explo sion which Jackson'- empirical system of finance, commencing with the distri bution among the states of the surplus, hud hastened, "burst In a moment the blown bubble of fictitious prosperity on which trade had painted Its Imuso In rainbow colors, and scattered ruin far and wide." With our debt paid oft and our commerce so happily developed that, In place of former specie remlt tanres, American fabrics had found their way to the ports of China and South America to put chase return car goes, our merchants hud reachd the climax of prosperity. American manu facturers had absorbed a large amount of capital for the foreign as well at domestic markets. Railway and canal building,, which abrorb:d large sums of money, with the Dressing demand for the fruits of agriculture, had .stimulat ed the growth of new American cities WHEN DOCTORS RISAaREE.-Llfc. and centres of trade, In the very midst of this change, Jnckpon commenced his light on tho National bank. The result was tho dismantlement of tho bank by tho removal of tho public duposlls In 1S33, although tho finance committee of tho senate In March, 1830, had unanim ously snld they were "satisfied that tho country is in the enjoyment of a uni form nntlonnl currency, not only sound nnd uniform In itself, but perfectly ndapted to all tho purposes of the gov ernment and the community, nnd more sound und uniform than that possessed by any other country." In the seven years from 1S30 to 1837, tho nominal capital of Stato banks hnd Increased from $110,000,000 to $223, 000,000. The "specie circular" direct ing that nothing but gold and silver should be received In payment of tho public lands, discriminated against the depreciated paper of tho State banks ho hud created, wh.'.o to culminate the crisis and crash of natlonul ruin came a sreat slut of merchandise from Eu rope, made possible by tho unfortunate Clay compromise act of 1833; for having Imported more than they could well dispose of, our merchants since Amer ican credit' was sadly Impaired had to draw on their banks for specie to ship across the Atlantic. It was under such serious conditions that the Twenty-fourth Congress con vened In exlra session. Mr. Polk was re-elected Speaker by a narrow major ity. The President's message recited the disastrous events of the preceding six mouths nnd the delicti In the Treas ury. Tho only measure or relief pro posed by President Van Buren was tho plan on scheme of "Independent," or, us was more commonly styled, the "sub-treasury," which was acomplete divorce at the government and all Its operations from banks. That propo sition failed, and Treasury notes (act of Oct. 12, 1S37) were Issued, though less In amount than recommended for by Mr. Van Buren. Another measure of temporary relief postponed the pay ment of the fourth surplus installment to the States. A few minor measures of temporary relief were passed, but both parties were content to wult until the full elections, which, as u rule, were Whig reverses. JOHN TYLER'S EXTRA. The next "extra" session was that of the first session of the Twenty-seventh Congress, which was convened by President Tyler on the 31st of May, 1841. Tho occasion of this session was declared in the proclamation to be sundry Important and weighty mat ters principally growing out of the con dition of the revenue and llnances of the country. Tho popular Impression, however, was that the Sub-Treasury was to be set aside for some sort of a national bank. The death of President Harrison one month after his Inauguration, and the accession of Vice-President Tyler to the Presidency, with the complications growing out of the change of policy on the part of Mr. Tyler from that mapped out by his predecessor, produc ed great bitterness In Congress against him, so that tho session was barren of any Important legislation. John White of Kentucky was chosen Speaker by a viva voce vote an unusual proceed ing. President Tyler's message aroused the suspicion of the Whig leaders that treachery was meditated by its author. It urged that no tariff legislation be at tempted at present; the sub-treasury law should be replaced and a "suitable fiscal ugent" substituted, while lie ex pressed Ills disgust that Irresponsible State banks hud multiplied so fast of late. It was generally accepted as a national bank message, as the report of the becretnry of the Treasury (Thomas Ewlng) distinctly proposed a national bank. Henry Clay knew better, and he submitted his plan, which proposed the repeal of the sub-treasury act, the Incorporation of a national bank, pro vision for raising an adequate revenue by means of new duties and a tempor ary loan, and a few minor matters. An act was passed (July 21, 1S41) authoriz ing a loan of $12,000,000, and Mr. Clay reported a bill from the Finance Com mittee repealing the sub-terasury act, which became a law Aug. 13, 1841 the first distinctive national act passed by the Whig party. Secretary Ewlng In response to a re quest from the two houses of congress, transmitted a nlan of a "Fiscal Bank of the United States," In which he had the aid of Mr. Webster, then secretary of state. The details of Its provisions are outside the scope of this article, but as It passed (the senate, 20 to 23, and the house, 12S to 97) It was consid ered a compromise measure. The veto which followed aroused u storm of In dlgnutlon, but his veto of tho second bill for a "Fiscal Corporation" writ ten without consulting his cabinet was a thunderbolt. It demonstrated Tyler's pel fldy, due to his Intense hatred of Clay, und every member of his cabinet resigned, save Webster. The address of the Whig members of congress read ing Tyler out of the party was fol lowed by his being burned In effigy throughout Mio entire country, but It siu'ed the Whig party from destruc tion, This "extra" session, but lor Piesldent Harrison's untimely death, would have strengthened tho Whig party, and placed Henry Clay In tho Whlto House four years later. Tho falluie of the Thirty-fourth con gress (which adjourned Aug. 18, 1850) to make provision for the army for tno ensuing fiscal year, necessitated an "ex tra" session, which was accordingly called by President Pierce, and mot on the 21st day of August, three days after the close of tho first session, Tho differences between tho two houses in regard to thnt bill related to the amendment submitted by Mr. Lewis D. Campbell, of Ohio, and adopted by a close vote, which prohibited the em ployment of the nrmy In the enforce ment of any enactment of the terri torial legislature of Kansas until such enactment had been nlllrmed or ap proved by congress. Tho house again passed the bill with this provision, to which the senate would not agree, and a new bill wns thereupon passed and approved without this provision, the session terminating on the 30th of August. LINCOLN'S CALL. Tho next "extra" session was the first session of the Thirty-seventh con gress, convened on the 4th of July, ISCi, by President Lincoln. It was culled, In the lungungn of Mr. Lincoln, on account of "the opposition to the laws of the United States, and the obstructions placed In the way of their execution," In certnln southern stutes named, "by combinations too powerful to be suppressed by the ordi nary course of Judicial proceedings, or by the powers vested In the marshals by law." The session closed on Aug. C, 1S01, ufter passing many Important meas ures for the Increase of the military and naval establishments, for levying a direct and an Income tux, etc., both branches being In full accord with the administration In respect to the policy to be pursued toward the seceding stntes. An "extra" session of tho Forty-fifth congress was called by Mr. Hayes, and convened on the 15th day of October, 1S77. This session was called on account of the failure of the Forty-fourth congress to make the usual appropriations lor the army and for the ensuing llscnl year, the difference between the houses being the house provision In the llfth section of the bill which Imposed re strictions upon the president In regard to the use of troops In Louisiana und South Carolina for the purpose of In stalling and maintaining the Packard and Chamberlain governments in said stutes. Besides passing the Army bill (without the above lestrlction) and a deficiency bill, nothing of Importance wns done, the session terminating on the 3d of December, 1877. The final adjournment of the Forty fifth Congress without making the usual necessary appropriations for the legislative, executive, and judicial ser vice, and for the support of the army for tho fiscal year ending June 30, 18S0, necessitated an "extra" session of the Forty-sixth Congress, which was con vened by Mr. Hayes on the 18th day of March, 1879. Several Important measures were passed during this session besides the appropriation bills above named, In cluding an act placing quinine on the free list, one to prevent the introduc tion of contagious or Infectious diseases Into the United Stutes, the act creating the Mississippi River Commission, etc., the session closing on July 1, 1S79. During the session Huyes vetoed five bills, viz., army and legislative, etc., bills; a bill to prevent military inter ference at elections; a bill making ap propriations for certain judicial ex penses, and a bill to pay fees of mar shals and their deputies, none of which was passed over ills veto, both brandies of Congress being Democratic. The ses sion was characterized by very bitter political debates In both houses relat ing to the use of troops at the polls. THE LAST ONE. The Twelfth and last "extra" session was convened by President Cleveland, and met on Aug 1, 1S93, as the llrst session of the Fifty-third Congress. The House of Representatives was Democratic by a large majority, hav ing 218 members, the Republicans 127, and the Populists and opposition 11. Charles F. Crisp of Georgia, though a pronounced "sllverlte," was re-elected speaker without opposition from Presi dent Cleveland, the "consideration" for his neutrality being, It Is snld, the appointment by the Speaker of William L. Wilson of West Virginia as Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means. In his proclamation of June 30, con vening Congress In extra session on Aug. 7, the President In a preamble re cited that "distrust and apprehension concerning the financial situation which pervade nil business circles have already caused creat loss and damage to our people, and threaten to cripple our merchants, stop tho wheels of Copyright, 1690, by Mitchell & Miller. manufacture, bring distress and pri vation to our farmers,' hnd withhold from our worklngmen tho wages of labor; that tho present perilous condi tion Is largely the result of a llnanclni policy which tho executive branch of tho Government llnils embodied In un wise laws which must bo executed un til repealed by Congress." Therefore, to tho cud that the people might bo relieved through legislation from pres ent nnd Impending danger and distress the President considered that an ex traordinary occasion, tho assembling of Congress on tho 7th of August fol lowing. In hln special message to Congress on Aug. 7, President Cleveland urged the repeal4of the purchasing clause of the Sherman Silver act, which compelled the purchase each month of 4,500,000 ounces of silver bullion. He spoke of the "alarming nnd extraordinary busi ness situation" und of the "unfortu nate financial plight," nnd amplified this view, and ulso urged -that Con gress would tuke other legislative ac tion that should "put beyond nil doubt or mistake the Intention and ability of the Government to fulllll ltn pecun iary obligations In money universally recognized by all civilized countries." On Aug. 11 Chairman Wilson Intro duced a bill to repeal the purchasing clause of the Sherman act. The debute ran until Aug. 2?. and after vurlous amendments adding provisions for the rice coinage of silver were voted down, the bill wns passed by yeas 239 to nays 109, a majority of the alllrmntlve vote being Republican und of the negative vote being Democratic. The senate In serted a substitute for the last clause of the bill, In which It was declared to be the policy of the United Stales to continue the use of both gold and sil ver as stundutd money, to coin both Into money of equal Intrinsic nnd ex changeable value, such equality to bo secured by International agreement as will Insure the maintenance of the par ty In value of coins-of the two metals. A further declaration In favor of bi metallism was made, and, us amended, the bill passed on Oct. 30 by 43 to 32, a majority of Republican senators voting aye und three-fourths of the Demo cratic senators voting no. The senate amendment wus concurred in by yeas i vw4SilT LHB",ir7 -AMCBBel&5' V will do the n noniilnoUottolcne la sold everywhere with trudo marks "Cottolenc" nnd itccr's head in cotton-plant wreath on every tin. A handsomely Illustrated Kitchen Calendar of unique design, for 1697, containing Threo Hundred and Slsty-tivc Selected lteclpcs cookery Will be scut on receipt of tula advertisement und six ceuts iu idattips. THE N. K. FAIRBANK BAILK0AC031PANY. Personally-Conducted Tours MATCHLESS IN EVERY FEATURE. CALIFORNIA Three tours to CALIFORNIA nnd the PACIFIC COAST will leave New Yo'k anil Philadelphia Jan. L7, Feb. 24. and March 27, 1S37. Five weeks In California on the tlrst tour, and four weeks on the second. Passengers on tho third tour may return on regular trains within nlno months. Stop will be made at New Or leans for Mardl-Grus festivities on the second tour. Rates from New York, Philadelphia and points east of Pittsburg: First tour, $310,001 second tour, $35Q,00; third tour, J210.00 round trip, and $150.00 ono way. FLORIDA Jacksonville tours, allowing two wcks In Florida, will leavo New York nnd Phil adelphia Jan. 20, Feb. 9 and 23, and March 9, 1S97. Rate, covering expenses en route In both directions, $30,00 from New York, and J1S.C0 from Philadelphia. WASHINGTON Tours, each covering a period of threo davs, will leave New Vork and Philadel phia Dec. 20, 1598, Jan. 21, Feb, 11, March 11, April 1 and 22, and May 1J, 1S97. Rates, Including transportation and two iuy accommodation at the host "". nshlnct , hotels. $14.50 from New York, and 511.1 from Philadelphia OLD POINT COMFORT TOURS Returning Direct or Via RICI M0HD AND WASHINGTON will leave New York and Philadelphia Dec. 20, U90, Jan. 23, Feb. 20, March IS. and April 15. 1637. For detailed Itineraries nnd other In. formation, apply at ticket ngencies, or address Ueorso W. Uoyd, assistant gen eral passenger agent, Broad Street sta tion, Philadelphia. ;:scnetr nv ths Hioksst J.Icdical AuTiicniTiir SfjHiTHOLlMHflLER MMh2g&WL CATARRH "- i .V-T1F"jV m ...h.frIIHnt4in r-S ?!ii Ai. 1KIUU31 Till euro yi.u. . c 4'?5 i. jfiR wcmlerliil boon to ouiiererf IS' 1 rtiX froml'olilt, SoreTliront, rZ$ Influenza, llronchlllk i 79,'k cirIIA"i l'KVJCK. Affnru. Sfrfl'' -QA immediate relief . Anemcicn ' : rcmci'y. tonvvnlerit to carr, in pocket, renrlr to nn on Crt tncMmilun of culif 4'nntlmieil Una I:rToctr I'crnmucnt Citrv. "SatUfiiLalonBULrinteiidormonPrroiuiidcd. Price, S' cm. Trlul i rco nt Ilrucglsts. llecl&tercd mall, O conts. li. D. CBSaniH, fcfr., Ihrco Favors, Uici , U. S. 1. crrfjji-iaxi.ra-' as FJiPSiTHfll Tho ""rest ami oafust rcrradr fo' ltl.lH i nUL r.' skill l1lCISOB. KcXOKIb. Itch Su ".henm. nM Sores, llurno, "ni. '.V'onilcrl'ul ro i. t.irPM.J'.K. Price,:;.-, els. i,t Drue- rj l I ' t'T ini.e Ofc. "."....HhnTH lir For ealo by MATTHEWS mtOS. anil JOHN II. PIIRI.PS. Scrantnn. Pa. Gomptoden Preserved DR. HEDRA'S VSSiXF .imwol neraoves Frucldec, Plmploj, Liver Moles, Blccl-SeaJuJ Sunburn and Ten, end n ctcrcs tho El; In to its origi nal freshness, product a clear imd healthy com plexion. Superior to nil fsco r 'fkwiJ y r.fmf9 . 1L harmless. At all Scud for Circular. prcpiiruuuua mm i.tiui.i cirufsiits, or mailed, for EOeu. VIOLA GKII1 SOAP li 'aflj tncccjcnMs u ihla utlMas Satp, uncquilol Tor tho tollnt, itaa without a rival Ui toit DurBery, Jlbioluttlr fure ad dbUUIr (ocdl caietl. Al arusiilMi. Pries 2!iCf:ii. rt. C. BITTNER &. CO., Tfll.EDO, O. For sale by MATTHEWS BROS, and JOHN II. PHKLFS, Scranton, Pa. Ttioan tiny L'npauli'ii nr- ncotm-nleiici'iUllrrlhrnblUinY In wUr i loiiulbu. tiii.l'tUUI ucua uuu u(7;(io!) mil .... i .. .: :. - Bsfg a einr s Fin xnvswk lff?kO 4 Q l?bllhU ; u uLKaa u t5 H QlsfidliQ v nMrniMII 19 1 tQ nays 94, nnd the bill was- ap proved, S.o far as tho session wns concerned, It was besides tho repeal of tho pur chasing clause of thq Sherman act barren of results, and the repeal of tha law lias not borne tho fruit expected. It may bo said that tho "extra" ses sion failed to accomplish any substan tial relief, for tho simple reason that a majority of tho Democratic memberrt of both houses ofcongress had no con fidence In cither President Cleveland or Secretary Carlisle, and that tho "lamo and Impotent conclusions" or results, rather of that "extra" session really laid the foundation of an over whelming defeat of the Democratlo party In November last. Of tho twelve "extra" sessions called, the first session of the Twelfth con gross, called by Mr. Madison, was tho longest (215 days), and tho second ses sion of the Thirty-fourth congress, called by Mr. Pierce, was tho shortest (ten days). The annual expenses of congress ap proximate four millions of dollars, and an extra session of congress does not cost, besides the printing, to exceed $75,000 per month, as mileage Is allowed for but two sessions of congress, whllo the great mass of business left unfin ished nt the expiration of each congress wilt readily suggest the absolute neces sity of providing for at least three an nual sessions of each congress. Under tho present law, a representative taken his seat just thirteen months after his election to the house of representatives, while his term and salary commence about four months after his election. All this will doubtless receive tho enreful consideration of tho president elect, who has personal knowledge of this anomalous condition of affairs, and has expressed his personal belief that It should be corrected by proper legislation. A Chicago general passsnor agent tho other day received a letter from the pub lisher of a little paper down In Arkansas which seemed to have the merit of frank ness, at least. The Arkansas editor said: "Dear Sir: I wish you would send me a pass from Little Kock to Chicago und re turn. I've got to go to Chicago and I enn't do It unless you do. My paper goei almost everywhere In this section and I'm having mighty hurd work to keep It from going to h 1." Better than lard Cheaper than butter Twothirds as much work of either. by tho best known touchers or ami 1 writers un COMPANY, Chicago, III. ASKlWTfl&?&iI:TON GIVES THU BESTLLGnTTVORI ANP!5AB5QiyTElY5AFE FOR SALE BY THE flTLANTSC REFINING CO SCRANTON STATION. intellectual and practical training tor teachers. Thn-e courses of study beslde pieiinratory. Special attention elven to preparation for college. Students ad mitted to best colleges on certificate. Thirty graduates pursuing further studies last year. Great advantages for special stuir.es in art nnd ni'is'c. Model school of three hundred pupils. Corps of sixteen teachers. Peautlful giounds. Magnificent buidings. Largo grounds for athlotlcs. Klovator and infirmary with attendant nurso. Fine gymnasium. Everything furnished at an averago cost to normal students of $143 a year. Fall term, Aug. 28. Whiter term, Deo. 2. Spring term, March 16. Students admitted to classes at any time. For catalogue, contalnlns fulj Information, apply to S. II. ALUKO. Principal, iMaiisfleld Pa., liESTORES VITALITY. " ') Marlr n ....." 1st Day. PD weii Man - i . wthDuy. ofMe THE GREAT anil, iii.v. produce.? tho nbn n reiulti, luao days. It acU powerfully aud quickly. Cures when all others falL lounjcuieu will regain their lobt manhood, and old men will recoier their jouthtul vluor by usinn ItKVlVO. It yulckly ami Burely restores Nervous ness, Lost Vitality, liu potency. Nightly Emission. Lost rower, raillnK llnnory, VVabtlnir DUeao,aud oil ciTecta ot telt-abube or eiccssaod IndUcrttlon, which uuHU oue lor study, bintiueiui or marriage, It not only cures by k'airtinir at tho teat of diseue, but s a groat ncrvii tonic and blood builder, bring, lng back tho pink glow to pale cheeks and re ktoriiitf tho llro of youth. It wards off Insanity and Consumption. Jubibt on laving ItUVIVO, no other. It can be carried in vest pocket. Uy mail, s 1 .00 per package, or tlx tor 65.00, with u post- Ho written i;uaruntco to euro or refund Mo money. Clrcularfrce, Address "rrjiriiNPO - - ..ct puiopn l'or Solo by MATTHEWS UltOS., Oru. Cist Ssruutou, Pa, fiteguuM timmMSSJeisW,Sm' MANSP1CLD STATE NORHAL SCHOOL. WJ?-' t 'K, L. ?
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers