1.. r % esS I Or/ t t 4. i + - TIIU.RSDAY, JANUARY 23,1862 'EXTRACT FROM THE LAST SPEECH OF STEPHER A. DOOOLAS.-- 4 4 The :conspiracy to break up Ike Union-is a fact now known to all. Armies are being raised, and war levied to accomplish it. There can be but two sides tontrorersr. Every man Mast be on the sided the United States or against it. There cii be re neutrals in this war. There can be ,rase hut patriots and-traitors 19 TOR SALT—The donble•eylinder nTlit.on" Passe ou which this paper has been Printed for the last nine months. It is In excellent condition, having been made to t,iler a year ago, and will be sold at a bargain. /for terms apply at this office, or address Jon* W. YORNHY, 417 OtladDllt street, Philadelphia. A PAPER FOR TEE CAMP M FIRESIDE. :FORNEY'S WAR PRESS. CONTENTS OF NO, 11, FOR SATURDAY, JANU- ENGRAVINGS.—The Main Street in MunfordiTille, Kentucky, uldch contains the Court House now used as 'a - Thisaital—General McCook'a Headquarters at Mon- Kentucky—Fac Simile of the Ton Dollar Con federate Treasury" Notes. WAR TALK—A Scouting Advontnre ; or, The Boots that Kicked Against Secession: PROM KENTIICKY.—A Brilliant Victory at Somor ; set, , Ky.—Col. Carfield's Victories—Arrival of Ton Con trabands from Bowling Green—The Return of the Cairo FxreMtion. FROM missouni.—Becosnoissance to Columbus, Cairo Bubble Burst—The Movement from Po . - duesio:—Battle of Sliver Creek—The Gunboat Engage , spent near Columbus—Twenty-three Robots Captured ; Cannonading up the Tennessee—Gen., Sigol=itsported • ,Battle near Ironton ; Six Thousand Rebels, - under Jeff . ThOrepson, Defeat Right Hundred Federal Troops - From Rolla—Admirable Order of Don. Grant to Govern : wont Troops on tho March—DfissoUrPe Pacification— , The Federal Force in Ilburarti—A. Forward Movement. ptom GEE. 'WOOL'S DEPARTMENT.—Interest ' log from Forirtal Monroe. - . JatEll, THE SOT) TH.—'llte Bawl Generals of the - flonth—ThoDead Union Prisoners at Dichmond—Slaveri and the War—Testroctive Firer-Later from Texas; • Another Captain by , the Enemy—Fresh Arrival 4—Artys t of Tinton Prisoners—Disloyal and Dangerous inhabitants Federal Prisoners—Miscellaneous Items—Aß ' pointmept of Army Sutlers. EDITORIALS.—The Latest War News—Death of Bx-President Tiler—Lake Defences. THE LETTERS OF OCOASIONAL."—TaxatIon— Henry Horn—The new Secretary of War—The Primer vatlon of the Union—The Battle of Somersot. , LATEST NEWS—The War In Now Mexico—The War in Nenitickr—State of Affairs at Now Orleans— From Snares. SPROUL RESTA TCRES FROM THE CAPITAL.— Important from l'anassfisi The Rebels Evacuating their Position 4 that Point, and Falling back further Sonth ward—Yiews of the lion. James Guthrie—General Sum nertili Another Division front Penusfiranie—Gen. Lane's Staff—The Confirmation of Gen. Cameron as Mi nister to Russia. MISCELLAGEOLIS.—From Fortress Monroe—The Late Tight at Pensacola—The British steam-frigate fflca mortaixte"—The Rebel Fortifications on the Upper Po tomac. FINANCIAL AND COMMERAMAL—The Money Market—Weekly Ilevtowel the Philadelphialtarkete. WAR WIT, POETRY, tte.—Toby and Ma Gitn—Chet terfield Tactics—The Crab Apples —At Port Royal; , 1861—Song for the Irish Brigade—Tenoysen's New Lytle. Stogie Coptea for We at the Counter of The Press. Tents:—One copy, one year, $2; Three copies, ono year, S 5; Five copies, one year, SI. TUE LATEST WAR NEWS Some additional particulars of the recent victory at Somerset, Kentucky, will be found ih our columns this morning. Ey a report from Louisville wo learn that the Union loss was ID killed and 127 wounded—a smell number considering the des perate fighting that was done. Our forces captured fourteen cannon, one thousand four hundred horses and mules, besides all the quartermaster's and commissary stores belonging to the rebels. General Thomas had crossed the Cumberland river, and, at last accounts, was in hot pur suit of the enemy. It is supposed that he will capture an additional number of prisoners. The Tennessee regiments, composed of men who were driven from their homes in East Tennessee for expressing Union sentiments, by Zollicoffer and his rebel horde, bad a fine opportunity to repay their oppressors. All accounts agree that they fought like tigers, and it is claimed that they took a battery at the point of the bayonet. The Presi dent, through Secretary Stanton, has paid an elo quent tribute to the bravery and daring of the officers and men engaged in the battle. The Somerset Kentucky' correspondent of the •Cinoinnati Commercial, in his letter from that place, dated the I fith instant, says : " A man, John Smith, who was instrumental in 'capturing several rebel prisoners some time since in Huntsville, Scott county, East Tennessee, has just returned from Scott county. The 'Union men arc using and forming companies. Five companies have alreodis been formed. There are ninety-one men in the largest company, and the others vary from that down to thirty men. Ho was at a gather ing last Saturday, at which there were throe hun dred Union men. They need' guns very much, though a great many have their rifles. Ammuni tion is very scarce, and it seems that dome ammuni tion which was sent in for the benefit of the Union men, from these camps, has beets appropriated by those to whom or by whom it was sent, and they are making a small speculation by selling it. There aro mean men its all countries and among all dames, but I trust this is not true." "Some ono thousand four hundred or one thou sand five hundred troops passed through Mont gomery, last week, to join Zollicoffer's force. They came from Virginia, through Knoxville, and there are swarms of soldiers at Knoxville. The Seces sionists report that the soldiers in Virginia are starving, and are compelled by necessity to get away from there. They won't fare much better at Knoxville, where salt is $lO a bushel; hogs, $l2 a hundred, gross; beef. $7.50 a hundred, gross; sugar,commen brown, 25 cents per pound; coffee— none to be bad; domeatio, 50 cents per yard; and everything else in proportion. But these prices are nothing to the gentry of the so-called Southern Confederacy. for each one of them carries a die" about with him. and whenever funds run low, why, out comes the die, and funds are struck off. No body dares to reject this money, for people who 1198 in glass houses don't like to throw stones." The Washington correspondent of the New York Evening Post states that the President informed a Senator that the original plan of the Burnside expedition had he oo given up because the rebels had got hold of it. The attention of the new Secre tary of War has been directed to the fact that Secessionists in the District of Columbia are in constant correspondence with the rebel leaders, and that rebel spies reside in Washington. A prominent citizen has given information that a well-known rebel army officer is secreted among his family friends there. Ife .. ..has not yet been discovered by the Govemmeninetectives, but the 'fact that he was in the city last week is ado • Wished beyond a doubt. Via Evansville, Indiana, we have the Memphis Appeal, which contains the following significant editorial—which moans a good deal more than they Say outright Price is in full retreat southward. Pride will probably continue in full retreat, for there aro several—indeed, no 1088 than three—Federal ar mies, each as large, better armed, and better equipped, converging upon him. His past Nie to:lee have been rendered valueless. Federal forces have been massed in Kentucky too great for a man of Sidney Johnston'a calibre to venture to Attack, and the paralyzing of Price through the withdrawal of McCulloch has rendered the over running of Missouri to the Arkansas frontier an easy task to the Federate. We're forced back out of Missouri—cheek-mated in Kentucky. Chase has obtained his money in Wall street. The blockade is unbreakable by us as yet. In one word, we're hemmed in. We've allowed the moment of victory to pass. We were so antionsly watching the operations of England, that we stand aghast on turning our eyes home ward again to tied ourselves ten-fold worse off than we were ere the commencement of Price's last forward march, and that acouraedly used sensationiem, the arrest of Messrs. Mason and Sli dell. Day follows day, and in lieu of being weak ened, we find the Federal armies, at all points, being strengthened, almost every article of manu facturing and domestic neitessity quadrupled In price, and our money will 8001214 exceeding scarce, for leek of paper and pasteboard wherewith to make it. We pay fifteen cent! a piece for sperm candles, and are told we ought to be glad to get them at that. Ogr' tWelre- months 'soldiers time will soon be - tp, and we cannot befit aikblg, as they do them selves, what have' they been permitted or led to do? It is en pld and over-proven truism, that where two nations' are' at war, that which has the least means meet fled snedees in early'and rapid action, for it con - gain little by time, while the other Ands in time the power to bring into efficient tam his more' vs) led Monne. . Coined, cribbed, confined as we were, and ell denily would- be, our shortest, clearest, and most noble polity was to And' the, rapid use of our early Revolutionary enthusiasm an 'overmatch for the slower and less spirited but mord enduring North. Where shall we ask relief? Where should we Mk it save in the camps on Whom have been lavished our hearts' blood, our . hopes, our wealth, our whole ; where but upon the banks of the Poto mac? When shall we see an end - of the farce there being enacted at our expense ? Indireetiy, every Mouthful we eat is tared our babies wear taxes asps and shoes, our boys write taxod 'paper, our. girls wear taxed calicoes, our, seen - do a taxed berthas, and hopelessly tide in a taxed - hearse to a taxedgrave and we, forsoeth, are hurting "the eausel' if we 'dare to turn from Nape andto look at the country -we were born and bred In, ind, having looked. we are hurling the cause if we de:retell what we see., - -iletr.eause is right, it is holy. Our suffering may Ur' priet of success, but' Who, seeing what height hive been, and knows what is being suffered through its being undone, can retrain'from cursing thaseMbeets er idlooy that Mopped the conquering 'lreintrithat arrested the march of Prism, that theiiii," gallant leeketat.," We' is :axed lint#olhigly on the lion, white thefeet:lsiabeen Wear's/ bls .Our press and cad , : people': beet trusted long .fonough. Wo new ask; are we to continua itethined'in for another alai meatus, sintleck all things, or shall our Armies on toVraskitsgton - gala laolknothing. Taxes upon Knowledge. The attempt to levy a postage upon newspa pers which do not go through the Post Office has fallen to the ground. Congress has signi fied its non-approval. , In times like the pre sent, it is vitally necessary that the required public revenue shall be raised, whatever its amount, but it is desirable, too, that justice should be an element in the operation. The proposed plan of making newspape . rs pay for post-office accommodation not afforded was unjust—because it was unequal. It subjected newspapers to no tax in the places of publica tion i it would have taxed them out of it. 'thus one class of readers'would have been exempt, and another class must have paid. The glory of our country has been 113 Free Press,—untrammeled by taxation, unpurchasa ble by power, unrestrained except by morality and the law. We notice that some journals complacently accept, and even endorse, the suggestion that a tax shall be levied upon paper. What must be the result? Lot Ms. tory instruct us, for llistory is Experience speaking by Example. In the year 1712, a stamp-tax wasfirst levied upon newspapers and a duty upon advertise ments in England. It 'Vlla the time of high political, excitement in the reign of Queen ANIVE, and her Ministry faxed newspapers, even then beginning to be felt as a power in the land, in order to crush them. The first duty was a cent upon every sheet, but it was gradually raised to eight cents upon every newspaper sheet, large or small. The design was to gag the Press, and though this was not effected, it limited Om number of newspapers, by rendering it impossible for any but a capi talist to establish a journal. In 1836, after a tremendous struggle, the newspaper tax was reduced from fourteen to two cents, and in 1855 it was wholly abolished. Coincident with the establishment of a tax on newspapers, was a duty on, advertisements. It commenced, like the other, at a small rate, but, gradually advanced. In 1836, and for many years before, each advertisement in a British newspaper, Without reference to its be ing long of short, paid a duty to the Government of eighty-four cents. One may imagine the ex pense of advertising in England at that time. When the newspaper stamp was cut down from 14 to 2 cents on each paper, the adver tisement duty was reduced from 84 to 30 cents, and was finally abolished in 1853. Another eflbrt was made by those who wished to strike off the fetters of the Press, and in 1855 the two cent stamp on newspapers was abolished. Still, there remained one fetter more—a tax of three cents per pound on pa per. That was removed last year, and, for the first time during one hundred and fifty years, the English people had a free press. The re sult, at once, was the establishment of news papers all over the United Kingdom—of news papers at once cheap and good. Twenty-five years agd, every London paper cost fourteen cents, at least, (stamp duty included,) ;Lad some sold at more, but now there arc nume rous good journals in London and other places at two cents. Are we to begin where tho English have left off? Are we to adopt what their bitter expe rience felt and abolished as a nuisance ? Aro we to fetter Journalism by taxation? What would be the inevitable consequence I—an ad vance, all over the country, in the cost of newspapers to the public, and a consequent de cline in their sale. Taxes upon newspapers and upon paper are the very Taxes upon Knowledge which England has at last shaken, off, for ever. Yet, what England repudiates, after long trial, as unjust and op pressive, the United States are recommended to adopt and hug to their bosom ! As for not allowing exchange papers to con tinue postage free, that is a small matter. Newspapers solicit no favors whatever—ex cept to be left to themselves. Taxation gagged or restrained the Press in England for a hun dred and fifty years—yet we are asked to submit to the same process now. Why 7 i 4 That the Post Office may be self-support ing." We do not see the necessity for this. The State gains more, politically and socially, by the transmission of newspapers, even at a loss, than can possibly be estimated. It has been argued that, in private hands, the Post-Office service would be well performed, and - would pay handsomely. We are confident that its deficit would be made good, largely if not wholly, by the col lection of a postal duty upon telegraphic mes sages, which virtually deprive the Post Office of a considerable revenue. TUE PRESS first suggested this, a month ago, and we hope to see it carried into operation. But for taxes on newspapers and upon paper we have no lilting. We have seen how miserably and un justly they worked elsewhere, until, at last, condemned by popular indignation, they had to be relinquished. How John Bull will laugh scorn at us, if he ever should hear that, after he abandoned, we adopted, Taxes upon Know ledge! The Source of Election Frauds A few days since, we called public attention to the character and intelligence of election officers fifty years ago, and gave the names of the return judges in 1810, as corroborative of our statement. For the past twenty-five years the inspectors and judges of elections, as a general thing, have been retrograding in re spectability and knowledge, until a brutalized aspect has been given to the conduct of the election officers in numerous divisions of the city of Philadelphia. In these localities, fraud is the prevailing system, and drunken ness in the election officers is a preliminary to the fraud. We have known polls where four out of the five persons legally qualified to conduct the election were drunk, and in seve ral instances our attention has been called to either an inspector, judge, or clerk, lying in a corner of the room, sleeping off the effects of his gross indulgence. It generally hap pens at such polls, that the sober officers are the perpetrators of the fraud, and the drunk enness of the others a prearranged matter, arising out of the necessity for secrecy. In other instances, one or two skilful manipula tors are chosen, and the balance of the officers are selected chiefly for their ignorance and known intemperate habits. It would not be safe to trust all the officers with a knowledge of the fraud and the mode of its perpetration. When the ballots deposited in the boxes are to be changed, or fraudulent tally-lists substi tuted for the genuine ones, a desperate opera tor, of admitted intelligence, is chosen, whose name may be familiar to our courts of justice, and whose courage and depravity are beyond dispute. These qualities are necessary to a complete accomplishment of the fraud, in the similitude of justness. False personation at the polls is the chief reliance of de praved election officers, because this method keeps both ballot-boxes and tally-lists correct. Hence, this means of fraud has been syste matized in numerous localities, and a fair election in those quarters Is out of the ques tion. - It will be found, on an examination of the list of taxable inhabitants in Philadelphia and the number of votes cast at several elections, that at least twenty per cent. of our voting population are absent from the polls, from ono cause or,another, running through sickness, indisposition to vote, removal to other locali ties, death, or absence from the city on the day of dlection. ibis fact presents an ex tended field for false personation, and is fruit ful of gigantic villainy. how are these great outrages upon the elective franchise and the rights of citizens to be ietnediedl Certainly not by offering a premium to the corrupt and profligate to seek the position of an election officer, through the stimulant of six or seven dollars ho obtains from the city treasury for his services. This position is often sought by men who aro compelled to make their mark (X) to the returns, and not Infrequently by those who are too illiterate to spell oven the printed titles at the head of the tickets. This fact is of general notoriety. We know- of many instances where the assessors of wards were wholly unable to prepare their own books, and therefore compelled to hire others to perform the writing portion of their work.. We have one instance In our memory where an assessor was so illiterate that he could not write his name to the receipt for the money which he obtained from the county treasury for his services. Under the Buchanan Administration, there were inspec tors of customs in Philadelphia, who, for want of writing ability, were compelled to pay others for tusking out their monthly returns to the Custom House. We mention these lat ter facts to show the degeneracy of the times and the lust for office; even in the midst of extended educational advantages. If any of the elected officers now holding place in the city will turn their eyes upon the certificates of their election, signed by the THE PRESS.-PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY, JANUARY 23, 186 Q return judges, they will discover a fact in some of the signatures thereto, that will cause them either to blush with shame, or tremble with apprehension for the future integrity of elections. This will also hold good for the past twenty years. Corrupted ballot-boxes and falSe returns are the legitimate offspring of selecting persons to conduct elections, whose ignorance or depravity attests that they were selected more for the purposes of fraud than for the performance of a faithful duty. We shall speak of this subject again, and propose a radical remedy. LETTER FROM " OCCASIONAL." WASIfINGTON, January 22, 1862 The victory at Somerset happened in the very nick of time. It will increase and in tensify the confidence of all friends of the Union, and accumulate new horrors upon the traitors. If our cause required a victory, it could have well survived a defeat. But a new catastrophe to the rebels must frightfully accelerate their downfall. Never in history has so monstrous a revolt provoked so over whelming a rebuke. The violent paroxysm with which the rebellion began, and the few advantages it secured at the start, exhausted its best resources, and made it incapable of permanent resistance to the strong Govern ment, - solid, moral, and growing strength of the Federal cause. The intelligence of the death of Zollicoffer and the defeat of his army will overwhelm and consternate the traitors. You have only to read the comments of the rebel journals upon the battle of Dranesville to understand how wholly unprepared they are for another and II greater calamity. Zollicof fer was not only one of their best generals, but he held the key of one of their best posi tions—a key, in fact, to the gateway into Eastern Tennessee. This key in our posses sion, the path is opened into a region filled with brave Union men. And if, as we now confidently expect, Buell , has attacked, at Bowling Green, the main body of the rebels under Breckinridge and George B. Critten den, Columbus must be evacuated, Grant will come down the Mississippi and menace Memphis, and thus the conquest and subju gation of the rebels in all that important part of Kentucky and Tennessee will have been ac complished. Bear in mind, that nearly all our late expeditions are equally formidable and fresh. Burnside, with his army in North Ca rolina; Sherman, with his in South Carolina and Georgia; Phelps, in lower Mississippi; and Jim Lane, preparing for a desperate rush upon Arkansas and Texas; without counting the naval movement now rapidly being per fected at New York, - under command of Com modore Farragut, and the tremendous mortar flotilla, under command of Capt. D. D. Porter, arc only so many evidences of the invincible prowess of the Federal Government, and its almost inexhaustible resources. The utmost confidence is entertained and expressed, that all these expeditions will be victorious. The fact is, the so-called Confederacy is rapidly rotting away. Bow can its army contend against such an array as is now brought to bear upon almost every salient point of the revolted territory? Its credit gone, its cur rency depreciated, its ports closed, its people starving, and every variety of schism corrupt ing and corroding its counsels, all hope of fo reign aid dispelled by the masterly statesman. ship of Mr. Seward, what can prevent its speedy and its effectual overthrow? Those who remember the great struggle of 1800, and who knout that Judge Douglas most conscientiously supported the Administration when at last hostilities became inevitable, must be frequently amused at the expedients of certain politicians, especially in your State, also advertise for popular favor because they have been Douglas Democrats. Nearly all these tricksters supported the fusion electoral ticket, and assailed the advocates of the straight-out Douglas ticket in the last Pre sidential campaign. 'Would that their af fection for the memory of the dead patriot had been but slightly exhibited for the living leader! Wills scarce an exception, these active candidates for office were either captains or followers in the Democratic party when that party sustained Buchanan's most infamous Administration. They were never heard of in denunciation of Lecompton or the English bill. They were silent, if not hostile, when Douglas was pursued by the bloodhounds set upon his track by James Buchanan, and literally hunted to his grave. When the murder of tho ever-lamented Broderick startled the whole nation, the cry for ven geance upon his assassins found no echo in their hearts. When Wm. F. Packer and John C. Knox denounced the usurpation of James Buchanan, these pure Douglas men denotinced and excommunicated them. The Press, which dared to do right from the first, and which grappled with the Great Criminal in 1857, and hung upon his flanks CVCII * to the expiration of his dynasty,—which defended the brave men who refused to bow the knee to the oppressor, and never compromised with those now in arms against the country,—The Press was ta booed, ostracised, and slandered by these su perfine Douglas Democrats. Nothing gave them more pleasure than to assist in reading Governor Packer out of the Democratic party at State Conventions, while the Third Auditor of the Richmond Treasury, Robert Tyler, pre sided,—nothing delighted them snore than to applaud the invectives upon The Press of that scolding Thersites, Wm. 11. Witte, their fa vorite candidate for Governor. The object of these impostors is plain. They want to use the masses of the Democracy to get place for themselves, and to embarrass the prosecu tion of the war. There are no Breckinridge Democrats now—they seem to have followed their great leader into the Confederate army. The new heraldry is the dead Douglas and not the living traitor. It is to be hoped that this last sham will be promptly rebuked and ex posed. No Douglas Democrat can follow the Democratic organization under the lead of Reed, Welsh, Wharton, Dietfenbach, and Ilodgson, without being wilfuny and willingly deceived and betrayed. The motto which should animate the genuine Democracy of Pennsylvania is that uttered by Douglas in his last speech : "There can be no neutrals in this war; there can be none but patriots and traitors." This motto is constantly ridiculed and repudiated in the expressions and actions of the present leaders of the Democratic party. OCCASIONAL. The Victory at Somerset. The following despatch was received by lion. ANDREW Jotatsort, and was sent to us from Washington, late last evening. It is from an officer in Gen. BUELL'S division, and perfectly reliable : SOMERSET, KY., Jan. 21,1842. Hon. Armncw JOHNSON: Clen. ZoLLICOFFEIL ia killed. I know it, for / have seen his dead body. We hayo achieved one of the most glorious victories on record. The rebels fled, leaving everything . behind. We have taken about 1400 horses, and eighty wagons. L. C. Houk - , Qr. Master. This intelligence, so gratifying to all true men, is especially so to glorisus ANDY JOIIN. sox, who now sees the way to the Eden of Home and friends open to our arms. Hon. William Wilkins, of Pennsylvania. [Correepondence of The Proga,2 WASIIINGTON, Jan. 22, 1862. This veceian statesman, who has boon in public, life for nearly sixty years, appeared in tho Senate this morning, In company with Sonator Cowan, and was presented to most of the members of that body. He is probably the greatest living link between the historic past and the historic present, recalling equally the patriotism Of Washington and Jef ferson, and the perfidy of Davis and Toombs. Mr. Wilkins, notwithstanding hie ago, looked well, and listened with great earnestness to the glowing opeoch of Garrett Davis. Hie voice is full, hie manners graceful, and his health excellent. Ile writes with almost clerical accuracy, and although about the same age as James Buchanan, is as care ful, and much more clear, in his calligraphl. Bet. ter than all, Mr. Wilkins is a loyal Democrat. No doubt he has been gratified by the manner in which he has been received by loyal mon of all parties. Some of three days, when " Occasional" has time, I treat he will draw the portrait of the greatest among the living statesmen of Western Pennsyl vania. N. Tae OPERd.— ,, Il I:lathier° di Siviglia" will be produced at the Academy of Music, tomorrow night, by the Italian Opera Company; Miss klinkley and Madame Strakoech appearing as Rosina end Bertha, and the sweet-voiced Brignoli as Count Atneaviva. In addition, one act of Donizetti's "La Favorite" will be sung on the same evening. On Saturday night, "Don Pasquale," and a portion of "It Trovatore," will be given, in which Hinkley, Brignoli, Manousi, and Susiai, will sing in their respective roles. The tickets issued for last Saturday's performance will be received to-morrow (Friday) night only. LATEST NEWS BY TELEGRAPH- Special Despatches to "The Press." WASHINGTON, January 22, 1862. 011icial Announcement of the Victory.— The President Hastens to do Honor to the Brave. The following general order in reaped to the battle of Mill Spring, (near Somerset, Ky.,) has just been leaned "GENERAL ORDER IN RESPECT TO TUE BATTLE or "WAR DEPARTMENT, Tan. 22, 1822. " The President, Commander-in-Chief of the army and navy, has received information of a bril liant victory achieved by the United States forces over a largo body of armed traitors and rebels, at Mill Spring, in the State of Kentucky. "Ile returns thanks to the gallant officers and soldiers who won that victory, and when the official reports abut! be received, the military skill and personal valor displayed in the battle will bo ac knowledged and rewarded in a fitting manner. "The courage that encountered and vanquished the greatly superior numbers of the rebel force, pursued and attacked them in their entronehments, and paused not until the enemy was completely rental, merits and receives commendation. The purpose of this war is to attack, pursue, and destroy a rebellious enemy, and to deliver the country from the danger menaced by traitors. Alacrity, daring, courageous spirit, and patriotic zeal, on all occa sions and under every oireutristance, aro expected from the army of the United States. In the prompt and spirited movements and daring battle of Mill Spring the nation will realize its hopes, and the people of the United States will rejoice to honor every soldier and officer who proves his courage by charging with the bayonet and storming entrench ments or in the blaze of the enemy's fire. "By order of the President, "EDWIN M. STANTON, "Secretary of War." The following official order has been issued by the Secretary of War : "Ordered, That the War Department will bo closed, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays against all other business but that which relates to active military operations in the field. "Saturdays will be devoted to the business of Senators and Representatives. " Mondays to the business of the _public. "EDWIN M. STANTON, Secretary of War." Official Accounts of the Victory The following despatch was. received at head quarters to-night : -Lenity'Ltn, Jon. 22,1822. To Major General McClellan, Commanding the United States Army: The following has just been received from Gon. Thomas : The rout of the enemy was complete. After succeeding in getting two pieces of artillery across the river, and upwards of fifty wagons, he aban doned the rest with all the ammunition in the depot at Mill Spring. They then threw away their arms, and dispersed through the mountain by-ways in the direction of Monticello, but are so completely de moralized that I do not believe they will make a stand short of Tennessee. Tho property captured on this side of the river is of greet value, amounting to eight six-pounders and two Parrott guns, with cab oils filled with am munition; about one hundred four•horso wagons, and upwards of twelve hundred horses and mules; several boxes of arms, which hero never been opened, and from five hundred to ono thousand muskets, (mostly flint locks, but in good order;) Subsistence stores enough to servo the entire com mand for three days, and a largo amount of hospital stores. " As soon as I receive the report of the brigade commanders, I will furnish a detailed report of the battle. Our low was thirty-nine killed, and ono hundred and twenty-seven wounded. Among the wounded were Colonel MoCook, of the Ninth Ohio, commanding a brigade, and his aid, Lieutenant Dart, of the Eighteenth United States Infantry. The loss of the rebels was: Zollicotfor and one hundred and fourteen others killed and buried, ono hundred and sixteen wounded, and forty-five taken prisoners, (not wounded.) fin of whom aro oar. genes, and. including Liouterant Colonel Carter, of the Seventeenth Tennessee Regiment. "General Tuotas." D. C. Bunib, Brigadier General commanding." Secret Sessions of Congress. Tho joint committee on the conduct of the war have agreed upon an amendment to the joint rules of the two houses, to the effect that, whenever any member rises in his place, and states that the Ex ecutive wishes Congress to secretly act on any mat ter connected with the war, it shall be the ditty of Congress to go into secret session and deliberate, and come to a conclusion thomon before adjourn s:DP:A. The speeches are to be limited to five minutes each, and any member found disclosing the proceedings shall le expelled. Executive Session of the Senate The Senate to-day, in oxeoutive session, oonarmed a largo number of nominations, among them, JOSIN LOT➢OOP MOTLEY as minister to Austria, and Ito- DEBT PRI:Yti, of New York, as minister resident to Japan. Judge of the Supreme Court The President to-day nominated Nona A. SWAIN, of Ohio, as associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Judge bIeLEAN. Officers of the Navy. L ft appears from a communication fret tha„Seere tary of the Navy, addressed to the Sone,teln answer to a resolution calling for information relative to acting lieutenants, masters, master's mates, pay masters, and acting assistant paymaster& that they are all employed, and, when not disabled by sick ness, have been on duty OM the date of their ap pointment. Only two paymasters on the active list aro unemployed. Ono is unfit for duty, and the other is in Virginia. The Censorship of the Telegraph. The House Committee on the Judiciary to-day commenced their investigation into the telegral/1 censorship. Several witueasec were•before them. 'rise Carats Testimony on the Pennsylvania Election Cases Mr. J. ORLANDO Tomas, the commissioner ap pointed to takes testimony in the camps as to the mannar in which the votes were cast, is still loft triously at work. One of the officers of the Seven ty-thlrd Pennsylvania Regiment, Col. KOLTES, tes tifies, in substance , as follows : There was tad list of taxables in our possession, nor was any such list consulted. lie took all the votes cast in his company without any proof. About nine-tenths of the company were foreigners, but no tax receipts or naturalization papers were shown. Several voted who did not belong to the company, but be longed to the regiment. More votes were polled dun there wore names on the muster-roll. Another officer in the Niuety-eighth Pennsylva nia Regituont, Col. BAnicinit, in answer to the in terrogatory whether the men in his company were all naturalized, answered : " Does you tink dot my mons carries their naturalization papers in their knapsacks when dey fights for do Stars and Stripes ?" In answer to another interrogatory, whether they were qualified voters, ho replied: " I lots them all votes who wore fighting for the Stars and Stripes mit to glorious Union." This is a specimen of some of the testimony, word for word, which has been adduced by the commissioner. Coffee and Rice at a Discount It is a remarkable fact, that white green 1110 coffee sells in Philadelphia at 18u18cents per pound, and rice at 7a7+ cents per pound, those articles can be bought much cheaper in this city. Coffee is sold in parcels here to the stores at 10 cents per pound, and rice is sold in the same way at 4 cents. This morning !two cents per-pound could not bo obtained for rice, though, as the market reports say, "it was freely offered." These articles, we understand, have been bought by several store. Itespers at the figures named, Hither the Govern ment or some Northern merchants have been basely swindled. The Government is most probe bl,y the sufferer. Good for Pennsylvania Pennsylvania is the only State in the Union having fifteen consolidated regiments in the field under one commander. , Died in Camp JOSEPH. CTIOSS ; company D , rifly.sooond Ponll sylvania volunteers, and Tntsmes lienrua, com pany A, Sixty-second Pennsylvania volunteers. Washington News and Gossip The rainy, dreary weather still continues. Tho oldest inhabitant does not recollect the time when the streets of tho oily were in such a wretchedly muddy condition. There was quite a brilliant assemblageat, the President's reception last night. Mrs. LINCOLN passed through tho East Room, at ten o'clock, leaning on tho arm of ex Secretary CAMERON. A man by the mane of PARICS, belonging to the Sixty-third Pennsylvania Regiment, attempted to escape from Alexandria, by dressing himself up in citizens' clothes. Ito vras overhauled by the pro. vest guard, and sent back to his regiment. Col. McCArtruit's Pennsylvania Regiment passed up the Avenue this morning, in the direction of the Chain Bridge. The men, although covered with mud, marched well. An Indiana captain was knocked down in 4 street, and robbed of about X3OO. The city is filled with thieves and sharpers. A few Philadelphia detectives aro much needed here. The friends of Gen. SHIELDS appear much oho grined becalm ho wee not, appointed a major gone rel. MOMS. JoHN F. CATITEII and C. W. BOTELER, of this city, hare ,purchased the Spa Springs, at Bladensburg. They intend to erect on the grounds a hotel capable of accommodating five hundred people. The ravages of the smell•pos in the city aro in creasing. Frozen to Death An unknown soldier, belonging to a Pennsylvania regiment, was found frozen to death, in the woods, near the Soldier's Home. It is supposed that he laid down, while in a state of intoxication, and thus met his death. 'Voce''raucous Last week, Kentucky Congressmen had intima tions of a combined movement against ZOLLMOF ran, and it is now understood that the saute sort of thing was essayed in the movement that was initiated by the battle of Wildcat, when the loyal East Tennesseans by coneett burnt the bridges. But this was all dished by General SHERMAN, who ordered a retreat instead of an advance; so the loyalists in East Tennessee have sine° been scourged to the death. It is said here that Gen. LANnim oommunlosted with Gen. MeCLarAmt, suggesting a rapid move ment of General BANKS, to strike the rebel General JACKSON in rear as he advanced towards Romney, but the idea was not acceded to, for the reason, probably, that the enemy could throat troops from Manassas towards Martinsburg by rail easier than we could by road marches. There is some scarcity of hay hero at present, the deliveries being backward by contraotors, at $25 a $25 per ton. The horses and mules are there fore the sufferers, because they musthave bulk of matter for food, and not grain alone. Though many inferior horses have been foisted upon the service by the arts of corruption, still the most of them would be well enough, if well cared for and properly handled. On the letter head improvement is daily gaining ground. It will bo remembered that General Ross:mom lately issued orders to his command upon the occa sion of their going into t' winter quarters." All this seems changed, for he has suddenly returned, and his bodyguard are reported at Gauley river. Three regiments have joined him from Ohio, and it is probable that ho and Colonel GARFIELD will ad vance towards the great railroad running through Southwestern Virginia to Tennessee. The Ninety-third Pininsylvania passed through the city this morning, bound for some point beyond the Chain Bridge. Ali concerned were covered with mud already, and their progress over the river will be like a movement of men and wagons through a ploughed field. On the night before last, six companies of cavalry come up from Alexandria and picketed in the streets throughout the entire night, with a drenching rain the while. This sort of movement shows that things are progressing here, as well as elsewhere, upon a system of graduation, which is the law of nature. Thus, a forced march of twenty-five miles, by a brigade in Kentucky, to join Gen. Thomas, in time to take a stray hand in the battle of Somerset, decided the fate of the day• Our men are now seasoned to make long marches, carrying heavy burdens, and sleeping on the cold wet ground. The Treasury Note Bill. The bill reported from the Committee of 'Ways and Means to-day provides that, for temporary pur poses, the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to issue, on the credit of the United States, ono hun dred millions of dollars of United States notes, not bearing interest, payable to bearer, at the treasury, or at the office of the assistant treasurer, in the pity of New York, at the pleasure of the United States, and of such denominations as he may doom expedient, not less than five dollars each; and such notes, and All other United States notes, payable on demand, not bearing interest, heretofore autho rized, shall be receivable for all debts and demands due to the United States, and for all salaries, debts, and demands, owing by the United States to individuals, corporations, and associations within the United States, and shall also be lawful money and a legal tender in payment of all debts, public or private, within the United States; and any hold er of said United States notes depositing any sum not less than fifty dollars, or other thee/ a multiple of fifty, with tho Treasurer of the United States, or either of the assistant treasurers, or either of the designated depositories at Cincinnati or Baltimore, shall receive, in exchange therefor, duplicate cer tificates of deposit, ono of which may bo trans mitted to the Secretary of the Treasury, who shall thereupon issue to the holder an equal amount in bonds of the United States, coupon or registered, as may bo desired, bearing interest at the ,rate of 'six per cent , and redeemable at the pleasure of the Government, after twenty years from date; or in sums not less than twenty-five hundred dollars ; for which, if requested, the Secretary, if he deems it expedient, may issue similar bomb, the prin cipal and interest of which may be expressed in the currency of any foreign country, and pay able there ; and such United States notes shall bo received the same as coin, at their par value, in payment for any bonds that may be hereafter negotiated by the Secretary of the Treasury, and may be reissued, from time to time, as the exigencies of the public service may require. Thom shall be printed on the back of the United States notes which, may be issued under the provisions ge this act the following words: "The within note is a legal tender for the payment of all debts, public and private, and is exo)mngeable for bonds of the United States bearing six per cent. interest." To enable the Secretary of the Treasury to fund the treasury notes and floating debt of the United States, he is authorized to issue, on the credit of the United States, coupon bonds or registered bonds to an amount not exceeding five hundred millions of dol lars, and redeemable at the pleasure of the Govern ment, after twenty years from date, and bearing interest at the rate of six per cent. par annum, payable semi•arumally ; and the bonds herein au thorized shall bo of wit denominations, not less than fifty dollars, as may be determined upon by the Secretary of the Treasury, or in sums of not less than twenty-five hundred dollars ; for which, if requested, the Secretary, if ho deems it ex pedient, may issue similar bonds, the principal and interest of vibich may be expressed in the cur rency of any foreign country and payable there. The Secretary is authorized to issue the said bonds, at their par value, to any creditor or creditors of the United States who may elect to receive them in satisfaction of their demands, provided that all such claims or demands shall have boon first audited and settled by the proper accounting officers of the Treasury ; and the Secretory of the Treasury may also exchange such bonds at any time for lawful money of the United States, or for any of the treasury notes that have been or may hereafter bo issued under any former act of Congress, or that may be issued under the provisions of this act. The United States notes and bonds authorized by this act, as those that have been heretofore autho rized, shall be signed by the Treasurer of the United States, or, for the Treasurer, by such person as may be specially appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury for such purpose, and shall be coun tersigned by the Register of the Treasury, or, for the Register, by such persons as the Secretary of the Treasury may specially appoint for such pur pose; and all the provisions of the act entitled, " to authorize the issue of treasury notes," ap- proved the 23'l day of December, 1857, so far as they can be applied to this act, and not incon sistent therewith, are revived and re•enaoted, and the sum of three hundred thousand dollars is ap propriated to enable the Secretary of the Treasury to carry the not into effect. THE LOSS AT SOMERSET. Lertsvmal, Jan. 22.—The entire United States Loss in the late fight was 39 killed and 150 wounded. General Thomas' forces took 14 cannon and 1,400 mules and horses. General Thomas is across the river in pursuit. The steamboat and eight barges used by the rebels were burned. The United States troops used the remaining barges in orossing the river. LOUISVILLE, Jan. 22.—General Thomas:now re ports the Federal loss at the recent battle at 19 killed and 127 wounded. Among the wounded are Col. McCook, of the Ninth Ohio, and his aid, Lieut. Burt, of the Eighteenth United States Infantry. Of the rebels Zollicoffer and 114 others were killed, 116 wounded, and 45 taken prisoners. A prisoner says that Goo. D. Crittenden was the first in command of the rebel forces, and Zollicoffer the second. Crittenden fled to the woods, taking the wrong road, and it is supposed he will be cap tured. The Federal forces actively engaged were the Tenth Indiana, Fourth Kentucky, Second Minnoeo ta, and Ninth Ohio—their reepective loss being in the ordor named. They were reinforced, after the first and severest engagement, by the Twelfth and Eighteenth Ken. tucky, First and Second Tennessee, Fourteenth, Thirty-first, Tbirty-fiftb, and Thirty-sixth Ohio Regiments, and Standard's, Whitmore's, and Ken ney's batteries. The rebel forces were estimated at 10,000. Green C. Clay, of Bourbon county, son of Brutus Clay, and aid to Gen. Schoopif, was with General Thomas in the engagement, and hall Inel grayed, bringing a splendid silk robot flag, bearing the in scription : "Presented to the Mountain Rangers, Captain F. A. Ashford, by Mrs. W. D. °hank royne." Col. S. S. Fry, of the Fourth Kentucky Rogi went, bad his horse shot from under him by ono of Zollieoffer's aids, when he turned and shot Zolli coffer through the left breast. The Bret breaking of the rebel ranks was effected by Col. R. S. McCook, of the Ninth Ohio, acting brigadier general, who ordered his mon to chargo bayonets, which put the rebels to immediate flight. The lest order issued to the rebels, whiellwas found in their encampment, woe signed by Colonel Cummins, the senior in command, after the death of Zollicoffer and flight of Crittonden, directing the rebels to disperse and save themselves in tho best way they could. The Journal says Con. Thomas, with klargo force, has crossed the Cumberland, and Is hunting the flying rebels through Wayne coanty. ,From Missouri Sr. Loris, Jan. 22.—The report of Adjutant General Harding to Governor Gamble shows that 22,892 Missouri troops have entered the Federal service for three years or the war, of which 25,000 are Infantry, '2,000 artillery, and 0,000 cavalry. The number of militia organized undor the Go vernor's mill for six-months men is upwards of 6,000. General Lane's Expedition LEAVTNWORTR, Jan. 22.—The Thirteenth Mis souri Infantry, Colonel Morenoy, arrived here to day, to form a part of General Lane's command. Other regiments are expected. Opothleyhola, the chief of the loyal Indians, le here to confer with General Hunter. Colonel Jennison's regiment of eavnlry is ordered to the Indian country. Troops tor Kansas MILWAUKEE, Jan. 22,—The Ninth Gorman Re giment. commanded by Colonel Solomon (who dis tinguished himself under General Sigel, at Spring field), loft today for Fort Leavenworth, well armed and equipped. From llavana NEW Yew:, Jan. 22.—The steamship Co/ivaVa from Myna, has boon signalled below this eve ning. FROM HAVANA AND MEXICO. PROGRESS OF THE ALLIED EXPEDITION. The Mexicans Besieging Vera Cruz. The Allied Forces Suffering for Want of Fresh Provisions AN ATTACK EXPECTED ARRIVAL OF THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH / FLEETS TILE FRENCH TROOPS DISEMBARKING NEVI YoaK, Jan. 22. —The steamship Columbia, from Havana on the 18th, arrived at this port this evening. At Barone sugars were dull and declining, and the stock in port amounted to 25,000 boxes. There was a moderate demand for molasses. Exchanges were declining; on London, 12ia13 per cent. pre mium; on New York, 1a23 per oont. discount. The news from Mexico is to the 10th inst. Com munication with the interior had been entirely out off by the war operations. A regiment of Spanish troops started on the 4th, on the Medellin road, for a reconnoissance, but were driven back, after proceeding a mile, by an unseen foe. Ono correspondent says Vora Cruz is surrounded by the Mexicans on the inland, and almost besieged. No vegetables or fuel could reaoh the city, and many articles of prime necessity were sadly need ed. Many of the Spanish troops wore sick, and many desertions had takon place. There were groat fears of an attack by the Mexicans on Vera Cruz. Several Spanish sentinels had been shot. An American vessel, the Beautiful Star, arrived at Vera Cruz with 4,000 guns, 300 pounds of pow der, and other war munitions for the Mexican Re public. She was seized by the Spaniards, as was also a small lot of arms aboard the brig Puebla. Nine other vessels of the same description were ex pected soon to arrive, and they will also be confis cated. The English, French, and Spanish flags wave over the Castle, the French and English fleets having arrived. Considerable discontent existed among the French and English at the want of courtesy exhibited by the advance of the allied expedition, in not having hoisted the three flags at the first. Gen. Prim was also at Vera Cruz. Three thousand men were to make a sortie, to endeavor to clear the environs of the pity, so that the market may be supplied with fresh provisions. Most of the French troops had disembarked. The gunboat Santiago de Cuba was at Havana. Great activity prevailed among the troops at Havana, and rumor says they will be eont to Vera Cruz. Several cases of insubordination bad occurred among them, and three non-commissioned officers were killed by them. The murderers were publicly garroted. XXXVIITII CONGRESS-FIRST SESSION. IVasninaTom, Jan. 22, 1862 SENATE. Mr. SUMNEIt and ottiora presented several petitions in fool or of emancipation. Mr. HALE, of New Hampshire, presented a memorial protesting against the Appointment of a solicitor of cus toms. Dlr. HOWE, of Wisconsin, from the Committee on Fi nance' reported back the resolution appropriating 810,000 for the expenses of the joint epeeist committee on the war. Passed. Mr. TRUMBULL, of Illinois, from the Committee on the Judiciary, reported back the [louse bill in regard to u itnesses examined before the committees of Congress, providing that the examination before Congressional committees shall not prevent an examination in courts of justice. f , Mr. HARRIS, of New York, objected to the bill, in making a great innovation on the common-law rule of 01Iriente by which a witness is not obliged to testify an) thing which may tend to criminate him. He op posed making such an innovation. . . Mr. BAYARD, of Delaware, moved to strike nut that portion of the tall which would compel a witness to an sorer questions which may tend to disgrace or make him infamous. Mr. TRUMBULL claimed that the object of the bill was to put the witness on common..law grounds. The law, ns it now stands, enables the greatest criminal to escape, if lie can only get bolero an Investigating corn. mince, mai tell something about it. That very case occurred In relation to the clerk who stolo two millions of the Indian bonds, and went clear in that very way. Mr. SUMNER, of Masbachnsotts, said thorn was no oilier system of Jurisprudence but where a witness is expected to onewor Questions, and ho thought the other systems preferablo. Itlr. WADE, of Ohio, hoped the amendment would not prevail. He did not see why we were so tender-footed on account of rogues. There were combinations formed to rob the Government, and 'it e dare not enter on an in vestigation before this committee because the law, as it stands, would exculpate the great rascals. It had been said that a Ng Rom might be compelled to testify so as to lead to something that would convict him. Well, he hoped it would. Mr. HARRIS, of NCW York, said ho woe in favor of the bill. He only objected to an innovation on the common law. COLLAMErt, of Vermont, agreed with the Sena tors from New York and Dolawat e as regards the com mon law, but ho thought the hill, even as it stand, did not interfere with the common law at all. Mr. BAYARD then wfthdrew the amendment. Mr. lIARRIS offered - an amendment th,t the law shall not be so construed' as to rennin+ any witness to twit,' to any fact winch would tend to criminate him. Lott—yeas It, NUS 2t. Tho hill was then passed. Mr. WADI; from the special committee on the con duct of the Si a r reported a bill to authorise the Presi dent to take possession of certain railroads and telegraph lines. Referred. The case of Senator Bright was then taken up. Mr. DAVIS, of Kentucky, said that, in what ho should say en this subject, bowel:ld endeavor not to wound any body's feelings. Our Rl stem of government is complex— scamthing like the odor system. Any organized attempt nt resistance nen irst the Government wee, in fact, rebel lion. In regard to the Senator from Indians, If he nn dc rateou his course, he had always opposed any measure to coerce the rebellious Elates, and bring back pence to the Union. If the President had pursued such a course, and Infused to do anything to reduce the rebellion, ho mould have been liable to impeachment; and shall a Senator minute the name course and not be liable to expulsion I Ho (Mr. Davis) deprecated the rebellion as stupendous wickedness, and would give the Pre sident is cry power to crush it out forever. Sup pose the stole Government had taken the same course ns the Senator from Indiana. The Colon would bane been in ruins to-day, and the experiment of self government destroyed. Ile did not understand that the Senator from Indiana Witt ever shown any Sympathy with the Government in its life or death struggle, but had voted against all measures to subdue the rebelion. While the rebellion was threatening Government, a Se nator says, I BM opposed to every attempt to subdue traitors—yes, more, I write letters or compliment and friendship to the chief of the meeting, and send hint aid nod comfort. ?he letter which ho read was fall of B/M. why with the Confederate traitors. The Senator from Indiana had never introduced any measure, nor said any word, which shows half the sympathy with the Con ernment as that letter shows with the Con federate Government. The Senator must have known the plans of the traitors, when they threatened to seize the Government before the 4th of March. They knew that the President V. as feeble and an imbecile, and mnuy of them believed Ito took sides with them. He (Ur. Davis) believed there existed a strange compound of im becility and Detwiler) in that Administration, but didn't know which preponderated. Tide plan of the traitors stns to break up the Democratic party; run a stipple toot of thefts against Douglas, simply to insure the election of Lincoln. Why was the ticket run rot Dreckinridge in Indiana 7 Was there any expectation of electing him No. Tim plan was to take away Notes from Douglas, so as not to prejudice the election of Lincoln. Mr. Davis then referred to the course of the States which had se ceded, contending that there was no cocoa for ECCOB - He considered It a great mistake that "Old Hickory" was not allowed to go on and bang all the traitors from South Carolina in 1832.. He (Mr. Davis) knew that there were warrants for treason issued against the three principal it oilers, and at the very first gun from Charleston, Old Maury would have seized these traitors and hung them. Dot now the conspiracy of thirty years had broken out in a stupendous rebellion, and there ore ninny people in the South to-day who would like to have their old enemy, England, reign over them. Rather than such n thing should happen, ha mould prefer to see the V, hole American country sunk to thebottomof the ocean. In conclusion, he argued that the Senate had the right to expel any Member whose conduct in any way unfitted him for his duty, and any Senator who avowed himself opposed to the coercion of traitors, and who is not willing to give the Government a single mon or gnu to subdue the rebellion, was evidently unfitted as a Senator. Without concluding, Mr. DAVIS gave way, and on motion of Mr. WADE, the Senate went into execntiyo session After an executive se..sion the Senate adjourned. HOUSE Or REPRESENTATIVES Mr. DLAIIt, of Alissouri, reported back the bill to increase the clerical force in the War Department, and it was passed. On motion of Mr. BLAIR, it was Rewired, 1 hat the President be rmirested to inform the House uhrther the net of Congress requiring officers of the regular army appointed from civil life to be assigned to the recruiting service has been complied with, nod if so, how many officers have been so em ployed since the extra session of Congress. Mr. COX, of Ohio, from the C immittee on Foreign Minks, reported the Senate bill authorizing Captain klcKean and other naval officers to accept certain pee tents from the Emperor of Japan. Mr. BONN, of Indiana, from the Committee on Mill tory Ail airs, reported a bill, the consideration of which was postponed, providing ter the payment of field officers of volunteer regiments for services rendered prior to the field organization of their tegiments. Mr. MALLORY, et Kentucky, from the Committee on Bonds and Canals, reported a resolution, which was adopted, re questing the Secretary of War, if not incom patible with the public interests, to inform the House as soon as practicable, whether and in what time a stifficient military force con be extended to the lino of the Balti more and 01110 flathead, in order that the road may be repaired Mr. SPAULDING, of Non• York, from the Committee of Ways and Means, reported a bill to authorize the i 93110 of United States notes, and for the redemption or funding thereof, and for the funding of the floating debt of the United States, The MS was made the special order on Tuesday next. The House, In Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union resumed the consideration of the bill making aPproprianons for executive, legislative, and judicial 4A- I , ruses. Mr. DIY EN, of Now York, regretted that there was a division of sentiment as to the principles on which the par should be conducted—St sentiment which divided not only the louse, Lot the country. He pr. seeded to speak in defence of the Executive, and ngai net the opposition of those mho have profess's], and still profess, to be the President's friends. Gentlemen who wish to prosecute the war for tho purpose of abolishing slavery, must know that this cannot be done until the Soother,. army is annihilated by those who wish to prosecute the war for the restoration of the Union, awl this end cannot be at taimai until the enemy's military strength is destroyed. Both Sides of the question wero travelling the same road as to the suloect of hostilities; then wily should they hot unite their enesgles ? Why Introit:en distracting ele mental Why net first crush the reboil ion, and then deltbe. vilely and dispassionately decide wlmt use shall be made of Ile& victory Mr. LOVEJOY. of Minot% denied that ho qa, for tho oroxcention of tho war for the main oturet of abolishiog slavery._ Dir RIVEN replied that ho did not designate the gentleman from Nino's, but lind remarked that the sen timent was avowed here, and Unit efforta were being merle for its operation on the public mind. 110 won sorry to say, too, that ninny gentlemen home had colon atulated others who hod mud° speeches in ndrocney of such a .policy. Tho war for this purpose was to 1.0 made, re. wiliness of constitutional restraint; but ho held it to be the doctrine, not only of the President, but of the Re publican party, that mho General Government lion no power over the States, other than has been t,dve❑ to Congress at the formation of the Constitution. Con gress, ho contended, has alt the power that is necessary to punish rebels. f . Mr. STEVENS, of Pennsylvania, remarked that this non not tin accidental zebenion. It had been Premedi tated for sears past and gradually grown op, The Se cession party hnd diligently Pt etutred themselves for vie luting all their constitutional obligations. If Brecktn ridge bad been oleeted President, the South wm,ld have had four years more in which to weaken the ttorth. Tho issue did not come en hour too coon. It would L 3 better to lay the whole South waste than suffer the entire nation to be murdered. Better to people that section with a new race of freemen than Buffer the rebellion to triumph. The sentiment of the North was that there should be no cessation of hostilities till the rebels lay down their arms and submit to the authority of the General Government. There cannot be two governments within the limits of the United States. The war will not end till our Government 9 / 1 811 more fully comprehend the magnitude of the con test and discover that this is an internecine war in which one party or the other must be reduced He re. Pealed that this war cannot be ended so long as it 13 conducted on present principles. The twenty millions of the North cannot conquer until there is anew motto of warfare. The domestic institutions of the South give them an advantage over the North in time of war. The slaves who are. now aiding the rebellion must be made our allies. If Jackson was alive And entrusted with the conducting of this war, he would put arms to the hands of people of color, as he did at New Orleans. Ho would march them into the heart of the rebellion, not to pick cotton and open ports, but to end the rebellion. Then he would hang the leaders. Six months of such a campaign would end the war. We possess all the power under the Constitution to exercise thin tremendous power. Ho would compensate every honest patriotic slavelielder. This would require not more than sixty mil lions of dollars. Emancipatlon Is a legitimate means of ending the war forced upon tut by the rebels, and all publicists bold that every measure may be exercised to disable the enemy. Besides, it was a noble principle to deliver front slavery an oppressed people. Only One member of the Cabinet had comprehended the proper means of conducting the wer, but his voice was isolated. It was like that of one crying in the wilderness, and he has been driven from his place—an exile to Siberia! Mr. F. A. CONKLIN G, of Row York, offered an amend. mem, which was adopted, that nothing in this bill shall he construed as la any manner impairing the right to reduce the compensation of any officers of the Govern. ment. or abolish any existing office. He mentioned the fact that the joint commission on reducing the civil, mili tary, and naval expenses of the Government had re. ported three several bills with this object. The committee then rose, and the House adjourned. PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE. Ilannianuna, January 2=, 1842. SENATE The Senate woo called to order, at eleven o'clock, ty the Speaker. Prayer by the Rev. Hr. Gone, of Harrteburg. PSTITIONS.. Mr. ORAWFORD, a petition from members of the German Reformed Congregation of fittiPpensbnrg, for a mollification of their charter. Ir. GLATZ, a petition from the York bar, for the passage of a law providing for the recording of invento ries of appraisements of decedents' estates in. said county. Dlr. LANDON, a petition from citizens of Bradford county, for the passage of a law permitting Lemuel B. Kingsbury to maintain a course for the training cE tock. RIFOOTS OF 00M3OTTEOS lin PENNEY (Judiciary). as committed, the act providing for the recording of inventories of ancoraise• inents'of decedents' estates in York county. Taken up and passed. _ Dlr. BOUND (tame), ne committed, the bill to extend theyarrant of A. B. Harrison, collector of taxes for the borough and comity of Huntinglen. Taken up and palmed. Dlr. KETCHAM (same), Sc committed, the bill to legalize the official acts of Benjamin Jay, jimtlce of the -few. Also, as committed, the supplement to the act relating to courts in 11118 Commonwealth. - - . • .. •... Itlr. NICHOLS (Corporations), the supplement to the act to secure to farmers certain rights in the markets of Philadelphia, which, on motion of Mr. KINSEY, was taken up and passed. DILLS INTRODUCED Air. ROBINSON, a bill to incorporate the Oil Region Railroad Company. Mr. MOTT, a supplement to the not relative to the limitation of actions. ltdr. LOWRY, a joint resolution granting a pension to the widow of Mom W. Pitcher, who died in the service of the State. Mr. LANDOW, a bill to unable Lemuel S. Xlngebury, of Bradford county ' to maintlin grounds for tlio lmprove 'mut of form; and etock. Mr. ILANDON called up this bill. He stated that It was negatived by the committee last winter. At that time he bad some misgivings ns to its propriety. It, however, prohibiting betting, gambling, and the sale of ardent spirits. Accompanying the bill was a petition, signed by the immediate neighbors of Mr. Kingsbury, and by the clerk of the court, the prothonotary, and the president judge, in favor of its passage. They were the goal Mans of the morals of the county, andif this bill was wrong ho throw the/ responsibility upon thoso asking its peerage. . . Mr. PENNEY said that if there was any necessity for the passage of this bill, it was because of the laws pro hibiting horse-racing. If there were no such laws, Mr. Kingsbury did not need this bill ; if there were, its pas sage would he 0 step backward. He might keep up an innocent course, unless he violated the laws against horse-racing. Mr. McOLTIRE said that the plain English of the bill was that it established a race course, and all the provi sions prohibiting drinking, gambling, &c., were so mush am ?Image, became they were contrary to lawalready. Mr. LANDON would not urge the postage of the bill. He 'put the responsibility upon those who had recom mended it. Mr. SMITH, of Philadelphia, tlloualrt that courses for the training of horses were necessary, but he would vote against this bill, because It was disguised, The bill was thou negatived. Adjourned. 110ITSE. Tho House was called to order at 10 111, by the Speaker. The committee on the contested election case of Richard Wilder reported that ho was entitled to hie seat, the evi dent intention of Iho voters of the Twelfth district having been to elect him, although the ticlrete seers headed Assembly " instead of Representatives. Mr. QUIGLEY, of Philadelphia, offered a resolution calling upon the State Treasurer to furnish the names of all parties to "horn licensee have been granted, In Phila delphia for theatres, circuses, or museume. Mr. gMITH, of Philadelphia, moved to amend so us to include all floats r establishments in the State. The reso lution was passed as thus amended. Mr. PERSHING, of Cambria, moved to refer so much of the Governor's message as relates to the establishment of a national armory to the Military Committee. Agreed to Mr, TATE, of Columbia, offered a resolution. The Preamble tits forth that Pennsylvania, ever loyal to the Constitution and the Union, was in favor of sustaining the Administration in it vigorous contitutnuce of the war. The res 'lnnen declared that wh.le;this was the case, else was not in favor of seeing her Senators and Representatives in Congress wasting precious time in advocating the abolition of slavery, the emancipation of the negro, or any other measures in violation of the Con stitution. _ Mr. SMITH, of Philadelphia, moved to refer the reso lution to the Committee on Federal Relations, which wee agreed to by a vote of 53 yeas to 41 nays:The Phila delphia members voting in the negative were 14444r0. Donnilly, Duffield, Gadd% Greenback, Eton- Icins, Josephs, Menaldu, alcblanus, Quigley, Smith, and Thompson. FRSODS UPON TUE VOLUNTEERS Mr. REX, of Montgombry, offered the following reso lution : Resolved, That a select committee of five be appointed to investigate and examine into the contracts made by certain parties with the agents appointed by the Gover nor for the famishing of clothing, emnpments, and imp plies to the Commissary Department for the use of tho three.montbs volunteers, called into servme in compli ance as lth a requisition from the Pt esident, and ascertain, if possible if any fronds have been committed upon the State, and se, to report to the House the nature and extent of such frauds., and the name or names of the par ties implicated. The committee shall also examine into such other contracts and expenditures made by the heads of the different Departments, or their agents, us they in theirjudgment may deem proper, and shall have power to rend for pereone and papers. Mr. BM GAM, of Allegheny, saw no necessity for the appointment of this committee. Elr. STRONG, of Tloga, moved to postpone the reso lution indefinitely. Mr. CRANE, of Wayne, said that the committee ap pointed by the Governer last summer had Investigated all the matters referred to. Mr. ZIEGLER, of Jefferson, had doubted the autho rity of the Governor to appoLt the committee, but the power r^sted now with the Legislature. The rumor has gone out among the people that gees; frauds have been perpetrated. It woe due alike to the citizens and soldiers to ascertain who were implicated. Mr. ARMSTRONG considered the report of the Mil mission of the Governor ns entirely satisfactory. Mr. PERSHING declared that the people were not satisfied with the report of the Governor's commission, because the Governer, even by papers of his own party, was alleged to be implicated in the frauds The Freiven field case, in Allegheny county, had not been examined because it coos before the courts. . - Mr. RYON, of Schuylkill, said that, as the Governor had appointed ii responsible parties, in many instances, lie must in a great measure sustahl the odium or the frauds. In his last annual message, be had alluded to at least two specific cases requiring investigation. It was useless to try to cover up the frauds, or to denounce as Secessionists those 'olio wished to expose them. The people would not tee imposed upon. Mr. ARMSTRONG, of Lycoming, asserted that it was well known that these committees of investigation were to be appointed on almost every possible subject—on the Sunbury and Erie Railroad. the Pennsylvania Railroad, the banks, etc. Ho intimated that some of these move ments mere open to the suspicion of being prompted by motives which it would not be parliamentary to name. Sir. tdYERS, of Lancaster, denied that the Governor was chargeable with the bad treatment of the Pennsyl vania volunteers in the early part of the war. The ne glect was with the General Goo ernment. Mr. WORLEY, of Lancaster, considered that the In vestigation was needed. Mr. ZIEGLER, of Jefferson, declared that the Gover nor had no more authority to appint a w whitewashing" coamithe than any other citizen. lie spoke bitterly of the ragged clothing of the volunteers, and alluded to the fact that, even now, the families of many of the soldiers were in great poverty, while the ropresentatio es of the people were met in the streets of Harrisburg by men in uniform who begged a stoning to bay tobacco. Mr. BIGIIAM, of Allegheny, after having heard the various statements, npa nillin to have the fullest loves, Ilr, AIIIISTIm, on belled of the dovornor, DOW esirej :6 naliengo o9tigation, but warned those who pressed the mutter to look to themselves. The motion to postpone indefinitely was then with draa a. Mr. DENNIS wished the investigation pushed to its utmost extremity. After a rambling debate, Mr. ELLIOTT, of Tioga, moved to amend by inserting the word "quartermaster," after the cord "commissary" in the resolution. Agreed to. Mr. QTICLEY offered the following amendment : "And to inquire if any prison or persons, holding posi tions under this State or national Administration, or holding office in Philadelphia county, were directly or in directly interested in such t contracts' and to report the name of ouch person or persona to this house." Sir. SMITII, Philadelphia, derlared that the whole ob ject of the (resolution and amendment nn, to cast a ro tlectiAn upon. the Clovernor. The cry had been during the session, of obliterating all party lines, but upon every question, party spirit had been involved, even in so smell a matter as the payment of the retiring officers of the session of DM. Ito alluded to the Democraoy as the cause of the existing trouble, having been in sympathy unix the South. Mr. GAiSKILL fished to inquire whether the gentle man had any reference to Alexander Cummingil Mr. SMITH said that the person referred to was not a member of the House, vitiatever eise he might have been. Mr TRACY charged that the Democratic party had impeded legislation looking to the support of the Govern ment during the NCSSiOII 011801. Dlr. RYON Inquired how that was nosaible, when they had been in the minority, with only twentynino mem bore I 111 r. TRACY lepited that, although they had been in th, minority, they had trammelled the legislation, and voted egaind 0 bill appropriating $500,000 to arm the State. The Republicans lied found their arm weakened, haling not only to contend with n united South, but a die ided North. Dlr. 31YON said that he had received no satisfactory answer as to the manner in which a minority of twenty -111110 could obstruct legislati in. DIJIITIELD denied that there lead been any op position to the Government by the Democrats, in re fusing to vote for the appropriation of $500,000. At the tune it mos proposed there was no evidence that it would lie needed, and the bill had been very loosely drawn up, giving unlimited Delver to the Governor. Ito declared that the gentleman from Bradford (Sr. Tracy) had mia represented the record. During the extra session, when the liepnblicaus were ouniTelling about the disposal of the three.million-dollar loan bill, the opposite party stood ready and anxious to vote for it, while their bone and many had afro idy gone to meet the traitors upon the field. • . The hour of one having arrived, the Speaker adjourn. ed the Homo until ten A. .11t. on Thursday morning, no final action being taken on the resolution or amendment. Illness of Colonel Brown The friends of Col. Brown, the gallant defender of Fort Pickens, will learn with sorrow that the dropsical symptoms developed some time since by his labors, and the climate of the Gulf, have re cently become so pronounced that it will probably be necessary to relieve him from his impormnt command. Tun interesting report of General Reuben C. Flale, Quartermaster General of Pennsylvania, will be found on our fourth rev. From nip bland. TIM COLLISION DETIVNEN THIN DI& SOTO AND A NEW YORK, Jan. 22.—The gunboat- Water Witch arrived at Havana on the —, from Sidir No one was to blame in the recent collisiost be tweenthe U. S. gunboat De Soto and the •Irtaaeh chip-of-war Milan. The latter had a paddle-lox and one wheel injured. She was partly re - 01nd at Ship island, and has since reached Havant. - The health of the Federal troupe at Sblp Weal was excellent. Commodore McKean had gent the Masachusests out, towing form prize•sohooners, loaded with atone. It is said they are intended to be sunk nom Bern The schooner Eureka was a total loss or Mow Roy. From Key West. THE ILLINOIS AT NEW TORE NRIY YORIC, Jan. 22.=-The Government transport /Ulnas arrivetifat this port this evening, from Key West on the 18th. The gunboat Tahoma was at Key West repair- Theing, her machinery. gunboat Itasca ogled on the 16th instant for Fort Piekens. The Brooklyn arrived on the 15th, and was taking in coal. The Illinois passed the steamer Ericsson on the afternoon of the 18th, bound to Rey West. Aliec on the same day, the gunboat Connecttent, with a steamer in tow—probably a prize. From Nassau, N. P N.Eiv YORE!, Jan. 22.—8 y the arrival of the steamer Karnak at Havana, advicee to the I.2th have been received. The British ship-of-war Conouerar will he a total loss. Ifer crew hed reached Nassau. Forty of bar cannon bad also been brought there. The Gladiator was still in port with a cargo of arms, &C. The schooner Ifrhirttatncl, with a cargo of ma hogany and hides from Tampico, intended to run the blockade at Charleston, had been wrecked. The schooner E. Haley, with a cargo of sugar for Boston, was aground at Long Book. The American consul sold the coal brought to Nassau for the use of 'United States'ressels, sad which they were not allowed to take, to the British authorities. Departure of the Steamer Canada BOSTON, Jan: 22.—The steamer Canada gaited at noon to-day for Liverpool, with $20,000 and eight thousand sovereigns in specie. The Ohio River Crier:maxi, Jan. 22.—The - river was last night nineteen inches, and there is now fifty-nine feet seven belies of water in the channel. THE CITY. AMUSEMENTS THIB EVENING.- Alton.Butsav Tinuris—Arch street, above Sixth,— ~ B andy Andy"—"Faint Heart Never Won Fair Lady " —"Aunt Charlotte's Maid." •WiLityr-SuneaT Issas—Ninth and Walnat Oks.— The Lakes of KOlarnef in and Out of Place , — Barney, the Baron.” MUSICAL FUND MALL—LOcUIt Street, above Eigtdit.- 1 Id Polka' Concert. CosvntinsvaL Tuivimat—Webint etrezt, above Ugh*. —o Uncle Tom's Cabin." Molnar. or Wonnuns—li. B. corner Tenth andlitosst, cat streets.—Signor Blitz's Entortairunont. TAE CONSPIRACY CASE.—YCSterday merft ing the alleged conspiracy case, in which four men named bleManns, Husbands, Huxley, and Anthony were charged with attempting to swindle six ladle out of a farm, was resumed in the Court of - 14 alder Sessions. The event has caused considerable in terest, and yesterday the court-room was well filled with spectators. We might state in this place that Mrs. Rebecca Bowen, the widow lady, cannot read or write. In signing the documents appertaining to the coos she always made her mark. Mrs. Bowen was recalled.—ln speaking of the farm, I supposed that Mr. Husbands would sell the farm ; what we considered the farm was that ex clusive of the Watt or timber-land ; I cannot readily recollect what was said on this point. Mr. Mann said he had prepared an abstract of the bill of indictment, in order to facilitate the court in progressing with the trial. With due de ference to the court, the District Attorney will re new his application to prove by the witness the amount of money each of the several parties re ceived. lie bad proven the conspiracy completely, the sale of the property by threats, menaces, and entreaties, and suggested that to effect the ends of justice, be had the right to trace up link by link, the agencies in the transaction, and to exhibit the final disposal of the money. Mr. O'Neill rejilied that he did not think this could be done. lie renewed his remarks of Thee aay at this point: The judge overruled the application, setting., forth that if tho defence travelled outside the Com monwealth to show what had become of the money, then the counsel for the Commonwealth could call in evidence of rebuttal, but he did not think it at all necessary to anticipate anything the counsel oft the other side might introduce. , t - The witness was subjected to a long and severe ems-examination. After a. few preliminaries as to whether she had not agreed to sell the farm to a Mr. Atkinson through Mr. Taylor, a. lawyer, she said she did not exactly comprehend how she agreed to sell the place; she was so excited then that she did net know what she was doing ;.she did net know what she bad testified to at Aldermen Martin's; the p onies there were makings. great noise and confusion at the time. The witness said that she was treated very haft there; she gave the deed to Mr. Taylor, of Cam den, to sell the farm, but found that he was almost giving it away, and the girls (her daughters) re futed to let itbe sacrificed. The counsel. for defetee now questioned the wit ness as to the cause of her arrest at thimden ; whether she was net arrested for keeping a disor derly and bawdy house? She said she was arrest ed, but did not know esaottr what for; the charge wee not true, however • she had a Mr. Scoville for her Wryer, and people told her that they only wanted to get the farm front her ; she was told t• plead guilty, and she did so, as this would-be the best way; she did not know that she was tried in court; she was in prison about three or foci weeks, with all her family ; ehe did not know who it was that sued her at Camden. Q. Row did yen get ont of prison? A. By they taking my deeds. Q Who paid the Sine? A. Ido not know ; Mr. Mal:rands told me that he paid the fine. Q. Don't you know bow the fine was paid? • A. I think it was paid on a judgment or some thing on the deeds; I don't know that I can say exactly. Q. Do you know John Reed, of Camden? A. No, sir. I never had any dealing with him ; I don't know him, uni , .m he is the man, that was to pay the judgment to got me out of prison. The cross examination was long and tedious. The court then adjourned until this morning. The trial will probably occupy another day. WILL SOON I3E CWOIE:WED.—The WaDD facture of the Springfield rifled muskets will soon be commenced by Messrs. Alfred Jenks & Son, at their establishment in Bridezburg. To explain un derstandingly the cense of the unexpected delay, it is necessary that we should describe one of the gun-barrels, from a model that was shown no yes terdey. (This model, we may say, has travelled considerably in its time. It bas been to Spring field, Illinois, and thence over the Atlantic to Eu rope, and looks as bright and fresh after its conti nental tour, as though it were right from the hands of the armorer—or as though it were not an instrument of murder.) The manner in which the barrel is made may thus be described : A bar of iron about fifteen or eigh teen inches long, two or three inches wide, and one-eighth of nn inch in thickness, is bent into cylindrical shape, much as a ()Mee of sheet-iron is bent into a stove-pipe. The joint is perfectly welded, and the cylinder, after heating, so placed in a machine whereby it is elongated, until it bas become about four times its original length—the process of drawing it out, at the seine time diminish ing its diameter. The cone-seat is then welded on to the barrel, and the processes of boring and rifling and outside-turning are then in order. The "eight " is nest brazed on. Finally the breech-pin must be Screwed into the end of the barrel. The machine for cutting the thread at the breeoli ond of the barrel, to receive this pin, is now being constructed at considerable cost. The delay in the entire manufacture of the guns has arisen from the fact of its not having been completed at the ex pected time. Ae soon as it shall arrive, (in the course of a week or two,) operations can be imme diately begun, as the several parts of the weapon are mbstly complete, and will simply require to be screwed together. Two hundred of the locks have been turned out per day, for some time past. The stock-reakipa machine is abottetivekvari Work. Tb.e. erocks, boneVer, are generally turnCti out only a fast as they can be used, Oal it to lOWA that their grooves become injured in handling and peeking, and . that, in damp weather. especially, they have a provoking tendency to become warped. A variety of appendages accompany each gun ; for instance, a sorely-driver, spring-vice, ball.- screw, and brush. The inspection of the Govern ment extends to each of these articles, so that their perfect uniformity is a matter not alone of business pride but of punctilious law. GAs AND ITS MEASTREUENT.--As a matter of interest to our readers, we publish the following table, showing the statistics of gas in the principal cities of the United States for 1800, including the amount manufactured, the price charged to con sumers, and the cost of coal : Amount. Price. Costar Coat. • New York 1,155,321.000 $2 50 86 60 to CLOG Philadelphia 432 000.000 P. 13 650 Boston 200,030.000 250 500 to 12 00 Brnolib n 163,000.100 285 72$ to 815 Cincinnati 06,000,000 210 340 81 Lam5.........74,5 00 , 600 350 000 Blttgairg..., 54,720,000 150 125 Providence 41.000,000 300 720 A1bany........... 4 0, 0 0 0 , 000 300 576 Louisville .. ... 34,000,000 300 350 Ri ihmond, Va.... 21,000,000 285 415 Boehester 25,000,000' 300 438 Cleveland 20,000,000 600 300 retrolt . . ..... 20,000,000 350 400 111.11 u auk es, 10,000,000 150 400 Winchester, Ya... 16;000,000 400 040 Allegheny City... 10,000,000 300 145 Tho measurement of gas is a matter of interest to every citizen, inasmuch as the bill follows imme diately after. This is done by the gas meter, which is placed in every house. People know well enough what a gas meter is—that is, they know what it looks like on the outside, but the mysteri ous interior is never revealed to them. The con sumer takes his monthly bill in his hand, and goes and looks at his meter, and wonders how so small a concern can run 111,. so large a bid. That is all the knowledge he gains from it, and he naturally leaves it in despair of ever getting an insight Into the incomprehensible problem. Still it is very simple. The meter has a revolving cylinder inside. which is half immersed in water. It is divided into four sections, and, receiving gas at the axis, the flow of which causes it to revolve, one section rises at a time from the water, and gives out a cup-full of gas. As water is the only medium by which gas can be conveniently handled, it must he kept constantly in the meter, and always should be at a certain height. If it is kept clear up to the mark the gas will pass slowly, but if it is allowed to get low larger quantities are admitted, and the gas runs through much faster. The little tubes that admit water are covered by caps, which can be Unscrewed anytime to put in the water. By tipping up the metor in eertaindireetions it can be made to pass the gas withont registering at all. In any event, they are unreliable and in. correct. The same meters register unaccountable quantities one month, and the reverse the' next month, and often they register without passing the gas at all, as occurs when a disgusted customer quits gas and burns kerosene, and, ist, the end of %II month, MAP tlio usual bill presented to him.
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