theU'>i'e«l Sta*s to take a part in the war eithei wholly or partially. Much less have they by any ad au.ihonied any hostilities whatever. Oil thV contrary, they have palfed laws more ftriftly (o en force those duties of neutrality, which, upon gene ral principles, it is conceived were incumbent upon all before, tho' ceitainly it was a desirable thing on so impoi tant an occallon rrt obviate all'poffible doubts bv express provifioris of the itfelf, which none could miltake, and accompanied with fan&ions less indefinite than those which existed before. Independently of what I have already fald, the fubjeft under discussion, if fully investigated, would uaturally lead me to a consideration, under many afpefts, of the nature and effect of treaties; those foiemn national cotnpa&s in which the peaoe and fiappinefs of mankind are so deeply interfiled, and which asquire a peculiar fanfHiy from the good faith they indispensably demand. But though no topic can be more liiterefting to r.s as individuals, efpccially at the present momentous criGs, yet as I know bo cafe likely to arise upon which a ju dicial consideration of it will be requisite, for any official business before you, I forbear any particular obfrrvations upon it. I (hall now, gentlemen, only add, that the go vernment we enjoy can alone be supported by a due mixture of vigilance and moderation ; by invi olably adhering to the principles of the conftit'ition but at the fame time making reasonable -allowan- ces for real differences of opinion, whenever they occur, and the various difficulties to which the af t fairs of a great country will always be fwbje&ed ; by paying proper obedience to the constituted au thorities of our country, relying upon those guards againfl abttfe which the constitution has not only carefully, but 1 am persuaded elScacioufly provided j and by constantly bearing in mind, that that law which proteils others prote&s otirfelves, and there fore that we shall arrogate what no true fiiend to liberty can eonfiftently claim, if we fail in that measure of obedience to the government of our country in cifesthat are not perfectly agreeable to us, which we eifpeft from all others in tiiofc ihat are. CONGRESS. HOIfSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Monday, April 18. Mr. New, from the committee of enrolments re ported an aft for placing certain persons on the pen sion lift, as duly enrolled, which reeeived the signa ture of the speaker accordingly. Mr. Baldwin pre/ented a bill for fixing the mili tary edablifhment of the United States* which was twice read and referred to a committee of the whole on Ttiefday. , Mr. Hillbonfe presented bills for carrying into effect the Treaties with Spain and with certain In • dian tribes, which were twice read and committed to a committee of the whole to-morrow. Mr. Gregg presented two petitions agairifl the British Treaty, (and mentioned his having mislaid two others) which were referred as usual. A petition from fiindry inhabitant* of Taunton, (Mass.) graying to have that port made a port of delirery, was read and refetrcd to the committee of the whole to whom was leferred the report of the committee on the petition of the Bolton Humzfie Society and others. Mr Gallatin said the member from the Hate of Delaware being so much indisposed as not to be n ble to attencf the house, had requested him to rep resent that the legislature of that (late had taken measures to prevent the future kidnapping of ne groes and mulattoes. and that they wished Congress to make provision on the fubjeft. He believed it would be bed to bring the business before the house by way of resolution. He, therefore proposed one to the following »-ffeft : " Resolved, That the Committee of Commerce an<3 Manufa&ures be inftrufted to enquire into the propiiety of making effectual provision for prevent ing the kidnapping of n«groes and mulattoei and of carrying them from the refpeftive dates, con trary to the laws of the said dates." Mr. W. Smith presented a petition from sundry • merchants of Charledon, praying for such affillance on account of the spoliations committed upon their property by the Bntilh in the Wed Indies, by loan or otherwise, as Congress (hall judge proper. Referred to the Committee of the whole on the date of the Union. The house resolved itfelf into a committee of the whole on the date of the Union ; when the resolution for carrying the British Treaty into effect being under confider?tion, Mr. Giles delivered a speech againd, and Mr. Goodhue ont in favor of the resolution. The Committee then rose and had leave to fit again. Mr. W. Smith proposed that the galleries should be cleared that the feleft committee to whom cer ' tain confidential papers relative to the treaty with Algiers was referred, might make their report,they were cleared accordingly. Adjourned. Urbanna Mill Seats, SITUATE in Cecil county, Maryland, on a branch of the river Sufquehanna, about one mile above tide wa ter, and commanding the water of that important river, the channel conducing the trade of which comes so near the Mill Seats as to make it convenient to speak the boats; and Mills may he so situated as to receive them along their walls, and by water lifts tak« in their cargoes. There is a power fufßcient for many and any kind of ufefiil Wat«r Works, and so much may be juflly said in commendation of this Scite as would be inconvenient to insert in a newspaper publication. Those who may desire to be concerned, will probably find cms. lv?* well pleased on viewing the situation. Leases for any term of years may be obtained on appli cation to the fubferiber, living on the premises. CLEMENT HOLi.rnAr. xaw3m April 19. WANTED, .And suitable wages will be given TO a white Woman COOK, in a family without young Children, and where feyeral other Servant* are kept* Apply to the Printer. April 18. '£• I'n'iih'n ij- a veteran of the lute American army.'] For tub. Gazette ©f the United States THE DUTY OF AN AMERICAN HERO, doDKRSSFD TO THE PRESIDENT. *' DEAR is that mail, to virtue's cause is dear, Who for his fuffering country drops a tear But dearer he, whom patriot duty Warms, To rife her champion in the flrifp of arms ; To guard her fafety from imperious force ; To guide her armies and. dired her course ; Compel her vanquifli'd enemies to yield, And rear her arches on the bloody field. Such have we seen thee in Columbia's cause. When injured freedom mouruM her flighted laws.— such have-we fctn thee rift in scenes of death, Anil blasted legions tremhle at thy breath : l »^ r n clarion drop her murderous fourfd, And Peace, delightful (eraph ! ;fmtle around 1 . d * e P' telt «pturei did this hour impart; What strong emotions bur ft from every heart; ' When firft we saw the bloody contest end, ' And hail d our country's frviour and its friend ! Yet loon that country felt 8 new alarm, A n dcall'd its here to dispel the storm j To check, the causes of domestic ftrife, And mould the expiring fabric into life. With generous warmth you htard a nation's pray'r, Left Vernon's recess for a life of carp With parent hand our ftatter'd state renew'd, With wisdom temper'd and with strength endu'd ; And ill declining years, frefh toils have br.iv'd, To guard that Empire which your arms had fav'di But fee new lift their horrid shapes 1 Now civil cohtefts rife, and discord gapes 1 Contention fiercely swells its jarring notes, And fadtion hifles through her hundred throats- Intent our infant veflel to 6*er\*'helm j Or chafe the !i>ng-tried Pilot from ihe helm ! Yet let not frowns like these thv hopes impiir, Nor drive thy steady patience to despair ; . But let thy country, at ibis momtnt, prove, The manly efforts of thy generous Iqvs. , 'Defend their heav'n-borif rights, defend thine own ; Let charter'd powers from law lets claims he known. Like some tall cliff, which winds and waves ailaif,' 1 Stand thou the bulwark of the trembling v»le — Ahd while such threat'ning ills around ai« hurl'df * O risque thy glory to preserve » weld! Forthe Gazette or the United SrAfss SHOULD the, house of repreftaitalivtfs of the United States cfcape degradation a.,d a' horienee among their condiments, it would be injudice in the extreme to charge their good fortune to the want of indtidry and pains on the part of their ene mies. To the merit of unceasing exertions to di'f g'ace that branch they aie uqquciiionahly entitled. Would to heaven their regard to veracity were e qually clear. in New-England, the negro representation has a favorite topic of abufc. That the " representatives of Virginia," (hould stand upon c qnal ground with' the reprefentativc* from New- England, Ins afforded smple matter for appeals to the paflions. 1 hose who nfed this argument did not pervctve (or at lead did pot allow the percep tion to influence theii condufl) that a« the present fyllemof representation is a component part of the federal conditutioh, it is a drong trait of arti-ftti er al'ifm to excite the diflatisfaftion of the people towards it—and that therefore they ought, for lake of confiltency, td telinquilh theirchtrifhed fitle of federalist —unless, indeed, this title confers a privi lege of attacking with impunity that very conditu tion, of which it implies a reverence. While these writers Ikirmithed in the open plains of declamation and general cenfnre, they were per fectly fafe : but when they ventured -into the de files of figures and calculations, they hare afforded their antagonists an easy victory. A writer in the Columbian Centinrl, published at Bofion, in coitfidfung the contradictory coo ftrudtions of the Constitution, with refpeft to Trea ties, makes the following remarks: " The boaded " majorities in the House, so often vaunted in the " anarchical newfpapcrs, have, rn no one case, " exceeded the tverplus number of Negro I! if he " sentatives. Such, however, are exhibited " as the only fafe keepers of the rights—the inter " pretersot the will of the people :—and on this " power of numbers, matter not of what colour or description, in the Representative body, the truly " insurgent doSrine is avowed, that Treaties are not M binding on the House of Representatives—that " aflembly being free to carry them into efFect or " not, at its own discretion ********* What be " comes of the power of the Senate, aod of the " equal vote of the small dates, if the Negro Repre " fentatives of Virginia are allowed to annul the " mud solemn constitutional afls !" 1 lhall not detain the reader by arty comment on tlie decency and decorum of this philippic against the Hotife of Representatives. Of that he will judge for himfelf. I shall mertly trespass on his time to expose the fallacy of the aflertion, on which the whole is grounded, " that the ir.-jonty has in " no one caje exceeded the overplus number of Ne " gro Representatives.'* The census taken in the year 1791, on which the present ratio of 1 jprcfentation has been fixed, lies before me from it 1 shall make a (hort ex tract, and " mark, readet, how a plain tale shall put him down." By thts cenftis it appears that the Southern States have negro (laves as follow.: Maryland, . - - - 103,036. Virginia, - - - 292,627. Kentuckey, - 12,430. North Carolina, - - 100,571. South Carolina, • - 107,094. Georgia, - » - 29,264. 645,022 Oftfcisnumber,threefifthsamounting to 387,012 are entitled to representatives, at the rate of one member for every 33,000 (laves. Thus it ap pears that were the whole nnmber colle&ed toge ther, so as to avoid lofles in each Hats by fta&ional remaindets, the negro representation in Congress would only amount to eleven members—probably those remainders may reduce the number to ten or even nine. NoW, reader, what idea shall we entertain of such dogmatic aflenious, founded on error, ? The majority has fludtta:ed from fifteen to tweniy-leven $. ■ ■ tfo. X. ~ 1 . y*" t. ;:s writer aficrls, they have " in no one ease exceeded the number of negro representatives," who, weird, ca mot exceed eleven!—lt is not worth nen'i ini g that 011 every late divifiori, four South ern member, two from Maryland and two fiom South Carolina, have uniformly been in thfc mi- norjty. The writer whose irritating obfcrvations have been quoted, either did or did not examine the ctfnfus, If he did, the reader wi'l affix what epi [ thet he please* to his condufl : if he did not, and f be a man of candour, he will unqucflionably bluftj t fur his rashness and w'ant of examination. In either Cafe, this tniJancc, will some I have already given, ought to iufpire with caution the readers of news. pfcpeft, so that they may not be disposed to receive ft the iffr dixit of anv m»n, whether " a nt 'irt rcprtfrntative from Virginia " or a " federal" in the Columbian Ccntinel. P. S. Virginia, which is extremely obnoxious on the fuhjeih of " Negro reprelentatives," has above 70,090 mors write inhabitants than Mafia chufetts, and 20,000 more than Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 19, 1796. Notifications for meetings of the Infurancc Com panies in New-Yoik,for the purpofeof taking into consideration the propriety of continuing the bufi neft «f Infur»nce at this dlarmirg crisis, are pub liflied in the papers of that city. 1 he rapid fall in the prices of our produce, the total Hagnation in the duck maiket—the hauling tip of the shipping, the melancholy gloom on every face, excepting those who have nothing to lofc, af ford convincing proof ,l that thae is fmaking rotten in the Jlalc of Denma k." Our readers will obfeive, that the profits of the entertainments this evening at Ricketts' amphithea tre are to be applied to the fnnd already ellablifhcd «fnr piovidinjj wood fur the poor: it js therefore hoped that the generous and hnfriane vill be partic ular in their atteudance at the circus. So.far as tlie returns have been made it appears that Sana. Adams, Esq. bat a majority of votesae governor of Mafiaclmlctts, and that he will be re elected by a large majority, , • COMMUNICATIONS By the antifederal prints, any endeavours to countenance a loprtrme law of Jie lai d, in favor of peace ortd ; mfperiiv, i$ an »tKtf.pt to bully Con gress— while indecent remontlrancen, is opposition 104 1 law, ate denominated the spirit of 1776. ' It i« foid in the A uroia of this morning, that " all who do not sign the petition in this city in favor of ihe treaty, must be considered as oppofec* to it. ' Mr. flache mud then admit, that ill wh' have net Jtgaed the petitions againjl the treaty are r. fcv,r cf it; it is a bad rule which will not work both ways. ' I ;Mr.-G«uilliuc, in-hi* speech yeiterday, a flirted, ilist the treaty with Great-Britain contained coii c«ff:om in favotu us the United State* which (he liad never made to any oilier country—advan tage* which fSe had not conferred even on ber own citiieoij, and for which the United State* bad not given Lp irtt iota. In the Aurora of yesterday, Mr. Gallatin Pates the excess of expencts beyond our income. Query, wlyie fault is it ? The expences of the IVeJlcrn Irtfurreflion are laid to exceed 1,200,000 dotlai s, that sum might have-been ufefully applied to the purchase of the \pullic debr. Who is to l»l»rr,e, those who impose taxes "to pay off the pub lic debt, or those by their " political.fins'' pro mote an infnrreflion which cost upwards of a mil lion ? wliofe who endeavor to raise revenues ade qnate to current expences, or those who by hunting down the officers of the revenue, make the reve nues unproductive! Citizen Lenier, a French writer on the neweon ftitution, when tracing the character which he (hould wifir the man to pofTefs who is to be charg ed with the executive fun&ions, and painting as perhaps he thought, a mere ideal character, has drawn that of the President with such truth and ac curacy that all who read must own it so. | "To a great frmnifi of character, to a fund of wisdom acquired by long experience fiom buftnefs and men, he (hould join that eonciliatpry spirit which tempers the passions, Aisles contentions, and rallies all private interests, round th* common inter est of liberty, j'.tftice and order. His nam* must never have been attached to any of those parties which have rent the republic, and left in many hearts, fears and resentment. He must have pafled the revolution without having difhonotired himfelf by its errors, or given oecafion f<ir suspicion of am bition or interelted intrigue. He mull have ren dered such essential fervictf to fit- republic, as to merit great esteem without having created in the minds of hiscountivmtn, any inqu eiudes ar jealou sies. He' must be no ilrnngcr to the exterior rela tions, the fciypce of which tends to maintain the peace us the Jlntc abroad, nor to the knowledge of interior admi-ilhation, which 'ecures tr?nquility at home. In a word, to principles of integrity which are props againtt any attack, he lhoald add good and found principles of liberty and a pure, an en lightened patjiotifm." ' PORT OF PHILADELPHIA. ARRIVED. Ship Columbia, M.ilry ,Good Friends, Smith Brig Dolphin, Galloway Sehr. liabclla v Dclcoll . TUc. (hipi South' Carolina, John Carman com manner, performed Krr last voyage to ChatkAan* and back to Philadelphia in 21 4»ys, ten of which <he lay at Charkfloo. - HARRINGTON. (Charlejion Paper.) DATS. Amfterdatn 96 Hamburgh 56 Liverpool 50 Jeremie FxfraSof a I.titer fern a Merchant of Kew-Yvrh t to his friend here, dated A'fril IS. Bear dr. Youis of the 16th I received, re quefhng- to know what premium our underwriters would a(]{ on ywur brig Malabar. Owing to the re» folutionsin Congress brought forward by Mr. Gal i.atin, all Infuianees and other bufinrfs is at a Hand : nothing doing : the merchants from the country, who came for a supply of poods, all go• • ing back without any, as o\ir merchants decline fell ing at prcfcnt. Product has fell amazingly since Saturday. Superfine flour at 11 dollars. Beef :-at g dols. Pork, 14. Wheat, 18f. per bushel J and other things in proportion } indeed there is no ' sale for any thing. Our Banks, I utidcrfland, hnve got alarmed : very little they will do, as they seem »o have loft confidence in the government—fay the majority of the House of Reprefematives. The confeqjience I fear will be fatal to a number of our merchants ard f jeculators heie, if opinions do not J alter in Congress ; but I hope in God tlley will If they do not, 1 ain afraid our government will be . t-float. 7ht Origins! htter may be fcen jt this Office^ BY THIS DAY'S MAIL NEW-YORK, April 18. We are informed by one of the managers of the Alms-House Lottery, that the 10,000 dollar priie, drawn on Friday, is the ptoperty of a fiee black man, named DERRY, tcimerly the (lave of Mr. George Burns, daceafed, who many years fincc, kept the city-tavern in Broad-Way, His widow is Hill living, aged about 80 years, and has for se veral years been, and is (till, supported by faithful Derry, at the rate of £ 30 per annum, which he paid out of Itis monthiy earnings. We are further informed, that when he received the informotion of his good fortune, he replied, " Well, now I will be able to maintain my oldmiftrefs genteelly.'' GEORGE DAVIS, HAS the pleasure to announce to his profeffional friends a id the gentlemen of the law, generally that his firft firing importation of books is jLI ft arrived per the Ann, Capt-1 albotfrom Dublin. Ab the collection ia ie various and considerable, a few clays, arc neceHary to ar range it, and prepare catalogues, which so soon at done, shall be publicly noticed. He proposes to fell at his usual reduced prices. April, 19. 3teod. On THURSDAT* next, April 21ft, will be performed A CONCERT OF VOCAL £3" INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC, Conduced by R. Taylor, At Mr. O'Ellers' Hotel. First Violin, and leader of the Band, Mr. Gillinghatn. Principal Violincello,- - - Mr. Menal. Double Bass, . . Mr. Demarqm. Principal Hautboy, - , Mr. Shaw. 1 enor, - Mr. Berangsr. Bafioon & Trumpet, - - Mr. P, i jC. Horns, - . Mrfl". Gray & Htmmmtm. Violins i Meflrs. Dtrgel, Boucbery, Stewart, and ( Schetky. PART I. OVERTURE - -) Duett, " Fair Aurora," Miss Huntley > Artaxerx**, and R. Tavlor, 5 Dr< Song, " To-Morrow," Taylor. Overture Samson, - - * . Hmdel. Tnjmpei Song, Miss Huntley (Trum- ) _ . pet by Mr. Pried, j ia y lor * Concerto Hautboy, Mr. Shaw. Duet, "-O Lovely Miss Hunt- } „ , , ley and R. Taylor, \ HandtK March, Judas Macabaeus, - - Handel. part n. New Overture, - Miss Huntley } - , _ Song, " Amyntor," r J Taylor Concerto Violin, - Mr. Gillingham Snng, " I wonder at you," ' Taylor ' Divertimento, ... Cantata The Nightingale," _ ' Mil's Huntley r a y'°f Bird accompaniments on the flagelet, I Mr Shaw J Finale, " Spring," or Mirth ) Miss Huntley \ and Innocent Festivity.V 5 and R. Taylor £ *»* Fo begin at half pafl Seven precisely. Tickets, One Dollar each, to be had of Mr. Ormrcxl, No. 41, Chefnut-llreet ; Mr Carr's musical repository, Market-street, and at Mr. Oeller's Hotel. < April 19. 1 Samuel Richoj-det, RESPECTFULLY informs the Gentlemen V Merchants, that he has thjs day opened the CITY r AVEP N and MERCHANTS COFFEE HOUSE m tho city of Philadelphia; The Subscription Room will be furrilhed with all the daily appears pubiifhed in Philadelphia, New-York, Bos ton, Baltimore, together with those of the principal com mercial citie* of Europe-—They will be regularly fifed and none permitted to be taken away on any account. 1 ea, Coffee, Soupe6, Jellies, Ice Creams, and a variety of Frcnch Liquors; together with the usual refrelhmeatSa will at all times be procured at the bar. Gentlemen may depend on being accommodated witk the choicest of Wines, Spirituous Liquors, and the mod; approved Malt Liquors from London and other breweries. The Larder will be supplied with the prime and earlicjfe produdions of tho Season. Large and small Farties, or (ingle Gentlemen, may be accommodated with Breakfafts, Dinners, or Suppers, at hours moil convenient to thcmfelves——a cold Collation is; regularly kept for convemency, the Bill of Fare to be had at tho bar. 1 he Lodging Rooms will be completely furnifhed, and the utmost attention to cleanliness, and every othec requisite. Samuel Rich ardet will be happy to receive, and execute the commands of his Friends, and the Public at large; and with gratitude for their favours, he pledges himfelf that nothing on his part (hall be wanting to pre* serve that patronage with which he has been diftinguifli ingly honored. Philadelphia, April i£. § For CHARIER, THE ship DOMINICK TERRY, Jacob De Hart, Mailer, Burthen about 3000 barreli. Apply to Jetfe & Robert Wain. April 19. § Fo f MAD EIR A y WILL lail in about ten days. For freight or paffaee ac piyto JeJfe & Robert Wain. March 29. 5
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