r )! 1 I v... I J N eX HENRY A. PARSONS, Jr., Editor aw) Publisher. NIL DESPERANDUM. Two Dollaro per jrmum. NO. 13. VOL. VI. IlIDGWAY, ELK COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, MAY 18, 187G. She 1 AT PHILADELPHIA Celebrating tbe Anniversary of th,e Independence of tho United States. Views of the Centennial Build'njs and Descriptions of the Great Exposition. THE EXHIBITION BUILDINGS THE MAIN BUILDING. The Main Exhibition building in located 170 feet bark from Elm avenue, and with a (pace 300 feet in width bptween it and the Art Galjery or Memorial Hall, on the north side of it. The building extends east and west 1,876 feet, and is 4f4 feet in width There are four towers, seventy-five feet ii: heieht, one nt each corner of the buildin:' while to obtain a central feature of tin buildin? as a whole, the ro'f over the cen tral p-irt, for 181 feet square, is raised nbovi the surrounding portion, and four towr forty-eight feet '-quai", i isi sr 120 fut. an introduced at tin- corner of this elevate' roof. The n'en arc: Ground floor. 872.32 square feet, 20 02 acres; upper fl' or ii projections, .37 3 11 square feet, .85 acres upper floors in towers, 20,314 sqiMie f 1 1 .00 acres. Malum; a total of !),3l! (HIS squ n feet, and the building covering 21.47 urivs MACHINERY IIALI,. Machinery Hall, the next notable build in i, is located west of tbe intersection of Belmont and Elm avenues, 542 feet from the west front of the Main building, the nortli front being on the same line, thus nresenting with it a frontage of 3,824 feet from east to west, upon the principal avenue within the crnuic's. The main hall is 30 feet wide by 1.402 feet long, with an annex on thesouiii side 208 feet by 210 feet; the area of hall ami annex is 538,410 square feet, or 12.82 acres, and including the upper floors, it covers a space of fourteen acres (floor space). There are two main avenuis ninety feet wide, 1,3(10 feet long, with a cen ter aisle and an aisle on either side. Each nisle is sixty feet wide, the two avenues and three aisles giving a total width of 3G0 feet In the center of the building is a transepi ninety feet in width, beginning thirty-six feet from the main hall, extending 208 'feel, is flanked on either sides by aisles sixty fei t in wnun, anil lormsine annex tor hydraulic iirii'iiMir. J hp promenade are fifteen net THE MAIN EXHIBITION BUILDING. and is locatid on an eminence 110 feet above the level of the Schuylkill, on a ter race six feet above the general level of the Lansdowne plateau, which commands a view southward over the whole city. There is a spacious basement twelve feet in height, and ever ull a dome; the entire structure being in the modern Kenaissance. The Exhibition buildings proper are five in number, and occupy about sixty acres, at the foot of George's hill, in the west park. Two hundred and thirty neres have been in c'osed for the purposes of the Exhibition. Thirteen ornamental edifices have been elected by the foreign commissions, to be used as offices, parlors, etc. Thirteen States ed the lands designated by the park com mission for the military encampment at the Exhibition and has ayreed to the regula tions presribed by that body in relation thereto. '1 h-3 grounds are situated in the West Park, between Kidgeland and Mount Prospect, and on both sides of Prospect drive. Tl e rules, in substance, provide that adult men and women amount to perhaps 14,000,000. hat proportion of these will come to the Centennial ? Is it extravagant to say one-seventh, or 2,000.000? If this number come and make three visits to the Exhibition, thev will make the receipts $3,000,000. And then comes Canada, Mexico, Central and couth America, and ware i-v "tm vk-.-'--zZr&tt . 1BSS$ THE J'AHINiEX HALL. doorwavs. ree arcbrd ninely-Iive lcet long, the pavilions forty- The entrance is by tl I he central section is seventv-two feet high nye iei-1 long, sixty leet nigli ; arc-ules, each, ninety feet long, forty feet high ; there be ing two of the latter connecting the pavilions with the (enter. The dome rises from the center to a height of 130 feet, of glass and iri n, terminating in a colossal bell, from which Columbia rises, with protecting bands. The hall at the main entrance is eighty-two feet long, sixty feet wide, and fifty-three feet high) the center hull is eighty-three feet square, the ceiling rising over it in a dome eighty f. e': high. The galleries, ninety-eight feet ly eighty-eight have put up similar structures. This Exhibition is the largest ever held. The following table shows the size of pre vious exhibitions in acres and tenths : Munich New York , England. 1851 Paris. 1855 London, 1851. . . . 4.4 4.2 ....18 (i ....22.1 ....23 9 London. Crystal Pa'aoa. 1871 25 6 Paris, 18G7 81. Vienna, 1871 50 5 Philadelphia (Buildings) CO, . Area of inclosed grounds, 236 acres. Lineal number of feet of the inclosure, 16,000. Number of entrances, thirteen. Dimensions of Main building, 1,876 feet hv 404 fei t. ' Art galU rv, 210 feet bv 303 feet. Machinery hall, X'JO fi-t by 1,4)2 feet. Horticultural ha H, 160 feet by 350 fort. United States Government Exhibition buil-iing. "00 feet by 300 fed, on j and one half ;;cis. Ifiiee for the I'niUil States commis-ii n, righiy feet by 33! fiel, three-quarters of sin acre. Avenues and walks, seven miles. Length of horse railway.four miles. A vrage distance between the buildings, 5".0 !'( t. JUDGES' HALT . in width in the avenues, twenty-five feet in the transepts, and ten feet in the aisles; all other walks are ten feet in width and lead to exit doors. The columns are sixteen feet apart, loriy-five feet high to the heel block of the ninety feet span tresses over the avenues. The outer walls are masonry to the height of five feet, and above they are composed of glazed sash between the col umns. Eight main lines of shafting may be introduced extending almost the entire length of the structure ; and counter shafts can be introduced into the aisles at anv point. In the hydraulic annex at the soutii end there is a waterfall thirty-five feet high an 1 forty feet wide, to be supplied from the tank by the pumps on exhibition. AOHII'l'l.TURAI. HALL. Agricultural Hall stands north of the Horticultural building, and consists of a nave and three transepts. ' The nave is 820 feet in length, 123. feet in width, with a height of seventy-five feet from the flo r to the point of the arch. The ground floor is a parallelogram 540 feet by S20 feet, cover ing a space of about ten acres. Near the hall is the stock yards, etc. 1I0HTKTLTURAL HALL. The Horticultural Hall is one of the main features, and for the accommodation of the lovers of nature and her works a splendid building is constructed. The total length, as shown on the ground plan, is 30 feet, width 100 feet, height seventv-two feet. The central portion will be occupied by the grand conservatory, 230 feet by eighty feel, and between this and the outer frame will Iks the warm and cold houses, four in num- fcet, and thirty-five feet in height, admit of temporary divisions for jthe more ad vantageous display of the paintings. The center hall and galleries form one grand hall, 287 feet long, eighty-five feet wide, capable of holding 8,000 persons, or twice the dimensions of the largest hall in the country. The pavilion rooms have two side galleries, 210 feet long. All the gal leries are lighted from above, the pavilions and studios frot" side . COST OF THE Bfll.WNfiS. The cost of the buildin s was as follows "lain luid:nr $ 1. 420,000 A t Gi.!w i.v.m.-m FT.rri.Miliiusl Ituil 240,0:17 M;eVi ei-v HaH M-t 310 :r'cu t.ir-.l Hall U'6.240 A Pleasant Description A correspondent says: The grass of the Centennial lawns is thick and green, and no military organization shall occupy the grounds without ieriiiission from the gov ernor or his authorized military officer; before it can enter the grounds each organi zation must acquaint the secretary of the park commission, No. 251 South Fourth street, withits name, locality and the names of its officers ; no more than one. piece of artillery shall at any one time be permitted within the grounds, and but two salutes one in the morning, the r'thor in the even ing of which six hours'' previous notice must be given to the captain of the park guard, shall be fired; no horse shall be stalled or fed within the grounds, nor ve hicles of any kind be permitted to remain within them, except during the loading or unloading of military equipments or sup plies; no structures, except military tent", shall be e-ec'el within them without the p rmi-si'iii "f the committee on superintend ence and police; the drives or walks must n-'t be ener,i:.elicd upon; each and ivcry pc.-iiii encamping there shall be subject to the park regulations; the governor is re sponsible for restoring the grounds to the commission in t lie same condition they were when first used for military purposis; notices of the regulations must at all times be conspicuously exhibited throughout the ' grounds, and a sufficient military guard 1 must at, all times be maintained. The license to occupy the ground lor military purposes shall be revocable at any time, should tho authorities deem such action necessary for the safety of the park and the I preservation of public peace ana conitort. the West Indies, from which manv thou sands of visitors will surely come. And then the countries of Euroiie and of Asia and even Northern Africa. It cannot be deemed extravagant to predict that, at least, 3,000,000 of people (including our own citizens) will visit tiie Centennial ; and if thev buy only two tickets each, the re ceints will be $3,000,000. Put this estimate is far below that made by many of our citi zens, who have given this subject much careful thought, and who forsee, from pTe-n indications, a . wonderfully large multitude here next summer, and their be lief is shared by so many that Centennial stock is said to'have "stiffened up "very considerably of late. Those who hold it, in u-me cases, we are informed, have refused t( sell it at par, and the chances tre thatspecti lators will soon ic iounu uuying up mi stock. There is a feeling of pride among Phil idelohians in resncct to rcimlmrMii the Federal covernmnt for the conditional r.iioroiiriation lately made of Sl.oOti.OOH and the belief is becoming pretty geiural tiiat the Ceutei ni d commission will be en abled t: repay fits sum, even alter having satisfied the steel; holders and otiteis. Whlttier's Centennial Hymn. Our father' Oort ! from out whose lnd Thn onutii'ins fall like grab s of sand, Wo me t to-dy, united, free, Am! 1ovI to our land and Theo,I To thnk Tlieo for the era done, And trust Tbee for the opeiung one. Here where of old, by Tl y do'pn, The father spake thl word of Tlilna Who's eobo Is the glad refrain Of ronded bolt and falling ohnln,' To grac our festal limo from allj Tbe zones of ear'h our guests we cl'. Bo with us while tbe new wor'd greets The old world, thronging all its gtreo'p, Unveiling all the triumphs won . By art or toil beneath the enn; And ntito comiron gord ordain This rlvaluhip of band and brain. Thou who bast here in concord fin led The war flags of a gathered world, Beneath our western skies fulfill The Orient's mission of good will, Atd, freighted with love's golden fleece, Bend back the argonaut of pesce. For art and labor met in truce, For beauty made the bride of use, We thank Tbee, while withal we crave .The austere virtues strong to save, The honor proof to place or gold, Tbe mwihood never bought or sold! Oh I makn Thon ns, through centuries long In peace secure, and jmtice ttrong; Around onr gift of freedom draw The safeguards of Thy righteous law, . And, cast in fomo divirer mold. Let tho new cycle shame tbe o d I The Centennial at Night. As has been annonnced, the principal edifices on the Centennial grounds will be closed at six o'clock in the evening, but thousands of promcnaders who will have, in the course of two or three weeks' visit ing, wenried of the displays of machinery, pictures and curiosities from every clime, will tlnong to the park in the cool dusk, and will patronize the concerts and the rts- .11 J. K1 U - 'rt;- .11' f 'e -,V.-C.. CAKPENTERS' HALL. tan rants, and wiUstroll;in the leafy ave nues. It will be difficult to find in the whole country, in the months of June and Julv, any place of resort more absolutely lovely than this section of Fairniount park will bo when the Exhibition is at the height of its glory. In the various State buildings re ceptions, balls and quiet parties will fre quently 1 e given ; the foreign commissioners will hold levees in their handsome quarters, The French Woikingmen. At a meeting of workingmen in Paris, Louis Blanc closed an address by saying that it was proposed to send nnchundrcd and twenty workmen, two of each trade, to Philadelphia. The expenses of each were estimated at $300 ; consequently the sum of $30,000 must be rnUcd. The municipality of Taris lias voted one-filth of tho amount ; the Chamber will be asked to vote $20,000; and the remainder must be contributed by subscriptions. Victor Hugo closed a characteristic ad dress to the workingmen as follows : I greet you, you who are about to set out for Phila delphia. You will see with your own eyes this immense deed which the nineteenth cen tury will see. Go, workingmen of Paris who know how to toil ; go, workingmen of Paris who know how to fight ; tell the new world that the old world is growing young. Go and bear the great news of the republic consolidated among you. You are the em bassadors of fraternity ; you are the envoys of Voltaire in the country of Washington ; you set out from the continent where Jesus Christ was born to eo tn the land where John Brown was born. This bringing to gether of two republics will not be without result. A breath of clemency will extend THE LIBERTY BELL. and elegant crowds will gather on the bal conies of the "American restaurant," which spreads its rambling balls over a large ter ritory in a beautifully shaded nook. .These balconies are vast, and will be a refuge to the weary during the heat of the days. There will be exhibitions of electric lights, which will illuminate the statues, the fountains, the stately dome of Mon orial T-jtal. 53,C0i,750 Tho Centennial Grounds. The ground selected for the site of the Exhibition in Fairniount Park is west of the Schuylkill river, and north of Girard and Elm avenues, on a plateau ninety feet above the river, heretofore known as Lans downe. The boundaries of the Exhibition are: South, Elm avenue, from Forty-first to Fifty-second streets ; west, the park drive to George's hill, with the concourse; north, l!e!nnnt drive from George's hill to the foot of Belmont; and cast, Lansdowne drive from Belmont to Forty-first street. The whole of the Exhibition being inclosed, thirteen entrances have been established along the boundary drive, Which it has been suggested . might appropriately be ber, one hundred feet bjr thirty feet. At one end is a restaurant, eighty feet by thirty feet ; at one of the comers is a gentlemen a saloon, forty feet by forty feet; at tbe oppo site corner a ladies' saloon, feriy feet by forty feet, while on the other end and corre sponding are the ofhees of the fall, of simi lar dimensions. THE ART GALLERY. The Art Gallery, or Memorial Hall, erected at the expense of the State of Penn sylvania and city of Philadelphia, is located on a line parallel with and northward of the Main building. It is 365 feet long, 210 feet in width, fifty-nine feet in height, ART BUILDING. named Stales. in honor of the thirteen original Economy and adaptability of the territory have been the guiding points in the selection of the various locations. The main line of connection between the build ings is straight and correct; and, for the still greater convenience of visitors, it is proposed to have cars running on the same. The meadow ground between the main avenues, reserved for private exhibition building, will be treated in regular paik style, with walks and planting, to unite the whole into a handsome picture. Lakes and ' fountains, fine rare specimens of trees and shrubs, statuary ana vates, etc., wtu ue aim ed to the ornamentation. the hand of the enchantress has scattcrec" thickly over them the little pale pink and violet flowers of the Virginia cress, and the delicate cups of the wild anemones. In patches of white down in the ravine, be tween the Art Halls and the Horticultural, the tender wild vines are beginning to show sil ery leaflets, and, hid almost among the gt.sscp and oh, that I should be coir pelled to write it the dark green blades of tiie wild onion, lie the star-shaped flowers wliieh the ch'ldren call the Star of Bethle hem. The maples have a glory of reddish gieen leaves, and the white beeches of silver green, and tho willows have no perceptible leaves yet, but show a shimmer of emerald green. ' All about the walks and on the pro- jections of the two bridges the birds hop about cheerily, and chirp as if this was their Centennial indeed, and not ours There are sparrows, and red breasted robins, and finches green and yellow; and there are some gorgeous blue birds with flame red edgings to their wings and tails. Perhaps the art of man has enticed them in such numler8 to the vicinity of the Horticul tural, and they come to steal the seeds which Mr, Mingey has so industrously planted in the parterres. Such would be the verdict of a farmer, but for my. part I can only be lieve that they come to Bwell the general joy, and to admire the magnificent display of hyacinths which will be in their full bloom and glory on opening day. THEaiNDKPrDENCE HALL. The Centennial Receipt? The Military in the Park. Th governor of Pennsylvania has accept- A Philadelphia paper says: Some persons predict that there will be five millions of visitors who will average at least three ickets each. This would make the receipts $7,500,000. It is not presumable that any body will be satisfied with a single vi it to the Exhibition. No one could see a tiihe of what will Le on exhibition i.uriug oi.e visit, and it is sale to say that it will re quire at least five visits to go through the show, however hastily one may glance at the thousands of novelties to be seen. No doubt, all who can aflbrd to do so, will go us olten as may lie necessary to " take it all in," and hence it would seem to be safe to estimate that at least three tickets will be sold to each visitor cm un average. But how many people will come to the Ex hibition it is impossible to foretell. Our own city and vicinity will furnish many thousands of ticket buyers. From the adja cent country almost everybody will come to the Exhibition. The neighboring counties will pour in tens and hundreds of thousands of pebple, and New Jersey, Delaware and Maryland will send armies of men, women and children. New York city and State will be very largely represented, and so will New England, while the great Mississippi valley will send legions. Even the far-off Pacitic coast will send large delegations. From the South the attendance will not lie so large; but even from that section the people will come by thousands, and it is im possible to estimate the number of )eople that the Uuited States alone will furnish as visitors to the Centennial. The population of this country is at least 40,000,000 and the Notes of the Exhibition. A prominent newspaper publisher of Canada gives it as his opinion that not less than 50,000 Canadians will visit the Ex hibition. A feature in Machinery Hall is an Ameri can lifeboat which has experienced rough service. One thousand and two hundred parties have space allotted in Agricultural Hall, nearly half of whom have installed their exhibits. Count C. Liewanhaupt, the newly ap pointed minister of Sweden and Norway to the United States, has been appointed grand commissioner of that government. The committee on international regatta have apprised Contmodore Ferguson of a proposal of the New York boating men to subscribe $5,000 to the regatta fund and to present one or two of the prizes. The Third New ork cavalry, numbering three hundred troopers, propose galloping to t'nt Exhibition. . large consignment of the Ohio archaeo logical association has arrived at the Ex hibition. Il comprises grooved and mi grooved ax beads of hard slate, hint, sand stone and granite; arrow and spear beads chipped out of Hint, moss agate, chalcedony and jasper ; catlinite pipes, curiously fash ioned, marine-fchell beads, grooved hoes, root diggers, spades, rare specimens of ancient pottery, quaint bottles, heavy sandstone pipesa long, hollow stone tube supposed to have been used as a telescope, and number less other curiosities representing all that is left of the famous mound builders. The United States building has become the abode of seals, sea lions, walruses, sea elephants, black bears, caribous, musk oxen, deer, white bears, cougars, cayotes, jaguars, fur seals, crocodiles, grizzly bears, Kocky mountain goats, peccaries and bufl'aloes, but thev are all stufled, ami are trom tne jmiiiiu soman Institution. -M AJa i i itii m mm T" THE WOMEN'S PAVILION. itself in men's hearts. America imitated us by borrowing"1 from us tbe idea of negro emancipation; we shall imitate America after the civil war by borrowing from it the amnesty. The Netherlands, Etr. Whoever visits the Netherlands section will behold, perhaps, the bestexecuted speci men of the fine arts in the Main building. It consists of a series of scenes from the most popular works of Schiller and Goethe. The groundwork is on glass. The moon shining in the sky, windows reddened by in terior illumination, gleaming expressions oi the human countenance, light contrasted with shade' and everything approaching the sparkling or the brilliant are introduced with the most striking resemiilance to nature by means of delicate inlaying of mother-ol-p'earl, silver, gold and other precious substances. The whole is then covered with glass. in the French section a representation oi the cave at Bethlehem, with life size plaster figures, showing the shepherds in adoration of tbe new-born Savior, is a recent feature. A British exhibitor has hung up two pieces of floor oilcloth, each about twenty by forty feet in size. hall and the graceful arches of tbe mam moth conservatory. Both within the Exhi bition inclosure, and just outside of it, there will be numerous excellent concerts. A huge theater is in process of construction on the main avenue leading to the grounds. It is not too much to say that if attractions continue to multiply as they have lately multiplied, evening at the Centennial will be far more interesting to the masses than the day. A Prussian military band is promised, and what with Oilenbach and the Germans, and Thomas, and some of the ex cellent orchestras from neighboring cities, we shall have no lack of music. In the Jong summer afternoons excursions on the Schnvlkill, on the romantic Wissahickon, and to Belmont Mansion can be organized whenever eyes and cars are weary of miles of picturea'and statuary, or of the thunder ous refrain of acres of machinery in motion. South American Curiosities. The Chilian exhibit includes a magnifi cent collection of precious ores nud native wines, besides a large ouantity of ma chinery. Some of the small South Ameri- A City of Homes. A feature of Philadelphia to which Mr O'Neill, in the United States House, directed attention, is its liberal provision of homes for its inhabitants. He said : "In the first place, it is a village that contains about 143,000 or 144,000 dwelling houses. It contains more dwelling houses than the cities of New York, Brook lyn and San Francisco combined. The expenses of living in Philadelphia are not to be compared with the expenses of liv- Tho Old Guard. The old thirteen States will be represented in the military display as follows : The Amoskeag Veterans, fioui New Hampshire the Boston Light Infantry, from Massachu setts; the Providence Light Infantry, from Khode Island: tho New Haven Greys, from Connecticut; the Old Guaid, from New York ; the Phil Kearn y Guards, from New Jersey; tho State Fenciblcs, from PennsylTitiiia ; the American Billes, from Delaware; tbe Fifth Kegiment, from Mary land ; the Norfolk Blues, from Virginia ; the Fayetteville Guards, from North Caro lina; the Washington Light Infantry, from South Carolina, and the Clinch Biilcs, from Georgia. The Grangers' Encampment. The Grangers' encampment at Elm sta tion, on the Pennsylvania railroad, is com pleted and the buildings ready. The terms are only tl per day for room rent and fifty cents per meal. A branch railroad line runs to the Centennial grounds, and a nom inal fare is charged. The Grangers have the preference in securing quarters, but the general public ia accommodated on the a,bove terms. THE HORTICCLTTJBAL HALL. can republics, Yiot distinct exhibitors, occupy part of the Chilian space. Among these, Guayaquil has sent samples of a straw hat made from the delicate young palm leaf. It takes several months to make one hat, as it can ouly be worked upon at night in order to escape the action of the sun and heat. No seam or joint is visible, and each hat is valued at several hundred dollars. A French Exposition. France intends to have an international exhibition in 1878, and $24,000,000 have been voted already for eliminaries. ing in New York ; for in Philadelphia peo ple live, and do not merely exist ; I mean the manner of the living of the skilled me chanic or laborer. In Philadelphia every man Uvea in a house, ia a housekeeper, and gives his family a chance for health and life. In the city of New York families live in a room or in crowded apartments, and they do not pay the same rent for a room that the Philadelphia man doei for a house." . , In the Centennial Exhibition there are not many things more attractive and valu able and suggestive than what Philadelphia herscir.offere as a cityhome. .
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers