The miners' journal, and Pottsville general advertiser., July 07, 1860, Image 1

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TERIIS OF TEE MINERS 410tral!lil. ' I I . ,m••••••ymm.....6,
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"ma scrEscurtm: , 1 , ,
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TWO DOLL IRS per a' unclip, payable in a_desiLie ,s e— .. i\):17 7 ,,, - ; ~ ,•, I I ''' .• -'
I ` 1 , ,, 1 t .,, i, i • • ,
11 113 itnot paid within six mouths7und SIN asw ii
et paid within the year, . " ,
I , .. . - 1 . ,
SO area: ,- - i
arei • inpias to One address, (La
, a it d o ralle•a) jt o r ) , l ii ,• - . ~ . I 's
' ••: - i ' I ' . , ' ' ',II
A -:_ 7 r , , .
evea dQ ,dO 20 00 , , I - : • i ,t . '
Eft ' °° ' - d° d° arilah I - I I ' ', ,' •••
• ' ( ?`-''.. , r ,,, , E , „
~ ' ! 1 1 '
(Nub eubseriptions must be Inv ly paid in ad
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......
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*nee; and sent to one address .„ , . . . ', I •, — ..-
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R , Aii i , -
Ali v E , R i : , ' 1
.s i gi : i 2 1 : , . .
i i Il i . ;;:, , • :
le cuisine extvarßElS: 1 -.. . ~ . I .
. „
The-J wat will be furnished Wepier, and others . - '''
' ' , ; 1 -'' i • '1 • : . .40,-. 1. ' ' ' 1 .
, ' 1 , ,
/'.4 I 4.,.. • 111 1 ll ~ , 1 ,
,
/.3 per 100 caplet, Casts on delivery. , —,±.?-. ..111t1 ' ,
g eezers/yore and Jels' lel Ikadars supplied with the - . , '
at di in advent. 1 ' 1' - 1 ^'' . artk C. , 3644; 0 r • ' GENE ,
, ,
Tug Ltw r wearsTrentS. !" ~. r I I . , ..
Isubeeribers onler th • e discontinuance of their news. •:
J '- :. 1 -r" --'• -1 - --..- I i 1 : ' "" - '[l l 0 : ''l i 1 y
, . ~,,,the publisher may continue to send th ew until i t '' • • I' • I ' I'-•
; I ' I
- ' 41' I !I • 1 i - ' I , '
, r rearices are paid. • I I''
'I• a , I
T EC Boirsta or Tag gArße AND sumo °Tr .11 TOR CAM= Or TIODISTA.I.3S, Mt TAUB Minx WIL L ant m li i l TO A'. 0,0100 • , It . 1 '.,
if .abreribers neglect .or refuge, to take their newsple 1. I WILLTIiA9EI YOU if) PlititCM...._
I from the office to irhiels they are directed, they are '
i - ',dbl. (milli they have settled the bills and i ----- 1 --- , 1 ,•- ~ •, H Liil piusq:
,VU TO Otlit trulAino PLi43lll;ll.—*, Pi.lohnsim.
L K,E, SCHITYL ILI, COTT'
IjBLISHED EVERY ATIJII,D • .
__, ! ._
Y MORNIN , 1113 Y )3ENJAMIN BANNAN, pormr.
__,...._, •..„.
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re.spenalble
rac ed -them discontinued., ; •
ff ho-ribiTir more tatther places without infhrudnit
hilsher.ind the irspapers are sent to theformer,
~; f lan. theism, held 'respenelhle. •
.tsp, „
emirts.haes derided that refusing tntake nesrepa.
~,orem the 418ee. on removing, and tearing therp
prhpa facia credence of - intentional fraud.
MEDICINAL
itIWARD ASSOCIATION,' Philad's'.
fartitshiscriabtishedbyipe,ia4 Eitdowniunt,
f•r the Rei , ilf of the; Sick and Disfressm aliiietts.ii wins
I * m .letpt and Epideic Diseases, and especially for the
Cure q s- Isi s ' eases of the :B ,, xual Chyans.
-
EDICAL 'APIV ICE giveri..gratit,
II by the 'Acting Surgeon, to all who apply 17_1(4- ,
• ith a description of their condition, (age, *coupe
n. habits of life, te.,) and in oases of extreme poverty,
rdiii es furnished free Others..
LU ABLE ILEPORTSOn Spermatorrhes, and other
of the Sexual Organs, and on the NEW it EN F.
.1:t, employedin the Dispensary, sent - to the - aftlicted
.ealed letter euvelopes, tree of charge., Two or three
,ups for postage will be acceptable.
itidress. Dtt../ . SKILLIN 1101.11.111T1)N, Acting,sar
a. Howard , Association, No. 2 South Ninth Street,
lidelphla, pa. By order Of the Directors. ' '
- 1
EZItA D. ItEARTWELL, Presidept ,
(Go). FAIRCHILD. Secretary.
.lan nary I 4..:!tib s Sly
SANFOIO'S
iver Invigorator,
BLETVER DEBILITATES. -
T is Compounded-Entirely from
.GWIZS, and bas become in 'established faid, a
indard. %Akins, known and 'approved by ill' Ahat
r, , used it. God is now resorted with 'eOnfidenee In
'the; diseases for which' It li'rerommanded. •
. .
.t has cured thousands' 'within the last two . years'
0 had givenlup all tiop. ;or relief, as I bon umerous
v. ,, licited certificate's in „..my . possessiosi show) 1 '
-dose mist be adapt 1 sg"e4l to the temperament of
11-idividual taklha it :Trend need in such quanti.:
aitto ref. gently on ttoi 2 ; .Bowels.
Albe dictates oil your ! „ judgement guide you in
wept' tlfie Liver In.. •....v lgorat or, and it will
~.. hirer ffdinpla ints,llll-1 ! Z!ioos Attacks. Dyri.psts,
ironic Diarrhoea, !Sum I egesiir CoMplaints. Dysen• '
'. th:opsy. Sour ,Stom.,...„:ach,llabitual Costiveness, !
I:fic;Ch niers . Choleral !tai ! Ntorbas. Cholera lobo. 4
rn. Flatulence. Jaundice...o !Female Weaknesses. and ,7
to be need Successfully 74g RN,: an. ordinary Fatally
rdietne. 14 will 1 cure zi,'Sliik Headache. (as thou.
Ids cad testify.) In 201 ,„i chinuters, if. two c.r. three
opoonfalslare_taken at1.,,, -- ' commencement of attack.
Ile MI wilco use it arer ''.4,gillos their testimony in
four... '*- ' , I ~ w f.
' -. kie IWe • • fr., ' °-
, Arix Wa/rr fn thi , ...-:Moitth with the frizigo,
i swallow bath Ingelherk 1 •
Dollar per Bottle. y 4
1 • ALSO, • • .
SANFORD'S H .
I MtEY . 'Cathartic „Pills
• ll.
'1()1•11)0UNDED •• from l'ure Neket
,
/aide Extracti,„ and put up in Glace Cases, Airtight,
a will keep in any climate. .
it.r Family C tha r tic; ILL Is a .gentle but
he Cathartic. which thel 0 proprietor has °tied in lila
-tiro more than twenty] ti ft , years. • .
ieVonstently Increasingl •""_. ;demand from these who
telomz'itsed th e Pill a,i'nl'and th 6 satisfactions/filch
express In regard te Z ;their lase, has idduced the
11.tre them within thel i , .reach of all. I
kr Prof.-A:Ion well knew. dlo :that .differfMt, Cathartics
•.1 dilTerentportionsof itowelq.
he Family Ca thartic - PILL - "has, with due
ranee toll& well estatri "'dished -bets - been craws
kir/ ftiqu n vari:tyoh '
'tile purest Vegetable Es.
OF!' art hike no." '..verytart of the alimen.
v rattal..and are .noon. e jand Art all eases
",,.. a Calharticis needed.' 1 ." J.Ucli et derangemPrits of
11 4 tom h netts,' : "-.pains in the Back aiid
le,,,f,tiferiess,j'ain and I =yurrnese over the whole
lv. from innidettr)ntitrh frnqueni I if. tie ,
end in a I , ing con r.e' 014 Fever. Los. of A'ppe.
Crerping l of Cold over the body,
bergs -J.. headache. on weight in the Head, all
luvr.tairry Diseases, Worms in Children, or Adult.,
rettittisin, a great Purifier of the Blood. and many
, a 1 41 to which flesh isheir, too numerous to mention
Miadzertivement. • DOS il—t• !
Drlline4."Sit • -
I„.che L/rE.II /Nr/GOR-47libp and -FA,Slak (.7A
7ANTIC.I'iLLS are ret.niled , liy Drugii,tw generally,
timid wholesale by the Trade , ln eif large brns. •
S. T. W. Sanford, Af4 P.,
.4anturer and .Propridor, 335 Broad may,
.
Pnttmille by if PAM' SAYLOR; land
T,linagna by E. J. - FRY: [SrPt, 1,1 , 10,4 ; •
•
Lostetter's Stomach' `Bi tters!
. 13 •
'IIIE 'Vp;prietors and Manufacturers
L - r,CIitISTETTER'S CELEBRATED STO3f ACII BIT
tiS ran appeal with perfer:Coorifliletice to physicians
I coipms generally of the United States. because the
{Plc hos attained a reputation heretofore tinkhown.-
eo nt.t.s upon this point will speak more powerfully
-1 iilturics of trireaasertion or blaxoning. puffery.—
« t•oCseruption of tiostetter's Stomach Bitters Mr the,
I'Vcar amounted to - over half it million bOttles,ind
a it. manifest ateadY increase in times past. It la "eel
o mat during the coming year the consumption will
b mar one million fettles. This immense.a lonia
I never have been sold but tM- the rare . no. Knal
it.rttri- contained in the pretisration, and in n one .
ti.f the wont prominrot physicians in those sections'
ti.: country. where the article is hot known. wtio hot
tr recommend the Bitters to thelr• patients. but 'ire
ti at All times to glee testinioniala to Ito effie j : In
~ ,-, of ititmarbic lerangemUnts arid the 41 axes
istittig therefrom.. " • . .
, .-
.
'Ms is net a, teunporar,, , populariti, ofitained b ex.
ilionry efforts in the way of truMpethig, the quail
of the !lifters. but a Pall , ' estimation of ari us
toedhioe, which is destined to be :al roaming air
ts-lf • • ' • '
ostoter's Stoat:KW:Mt tera have proved a God-Nlnd
..'.iien e w here terer.iand ague and various other •idli.
rota plaint. have mantel their virtims by - hundrepds.
h.L ;Ole . to.atate confidently that th4 l ....lilt term" are a
nin.cure for the Dy,pepzia and like diseases„ is to the
miet ors a source 61.onalloyed pleasure. It retirevex
morbid matter from the Stomach., purities the:blood,
imparts renewed vitality tb' the
,nervous system ;
hog It that tone and energy indispensable for th
t, ration of. health. It, operatev upon th e st o m ac h ;
and otherillgestise,organi., mildly hut powerful.
tot run revtorewthem toe cfn:fili t ion eaaa,ntial to the
Othy.divvtiarge of th e (auctions of 111111.1 t, •
;Wryly persons may use the Bitters daily as per di.
t tom: wt the MU le, and they will find in kt a stimu,
It peculiarly adaptill to comfort declining:years,•as ft
'l+,-ant t., the palate. in vi;zorating to the bowels, ex.
fent as a tonir; slid rejuvenating generally: We have.
.videnee of thousands of aged men and-women who
•-Op •rienced the benefit of using thls preparation
J.,•;II !Tering from Stour:tali derangem ent . , and general'
'laity ;.acting under the advice of physicist's. they
we atatndoucd all diteferious drugs and fairly tested
incrliv r of this article. '
fee...orals to the gentler sex,; •Thereare certain pe
a. when their cares are ,on barna...hag that , many of
no sin under the trial. The relation of mother and •
Id ie Po alourldMilj tender, that OM mother, especi.
if she be young , is apt tofoiget, her own =health lc
extreme anxiety for her Infant. Should :the period w
asternityarrive during the summer savierin. the wear ja
ely and mind is generally aggraratetti'l lime, then,
necessity fora stimulant torecuperate' the_ energies
srstem,",atidenable . the mother to bear Up under
exhausting trials and responalbilielea.• Nursingl
thorn :rnerally preter the Hitter. to all other Invigo-1
rs th.tt receive the enda'reenbaut of phirsiciana,
agreeable -to the twoe as well as-certain' to I
a permanentAtiereaseOf bodily strength.
persons to whom We hare particularly refer-.
It''awt; , l to wit: sufferers from fever and agtie,'-eaused
asawtria. diarrhoea, dysentery, indigestion, lose of ap!
all diseases or derangements of the Stomach,
e•tfoolosted• invalids, personi of sedentary oceutpasi
Lnursing mothers, will consult 4heir own physo
, •Ifsre by giving to ilostettek+s Celebrated Stomach
. tritt. i•• 1
et'.1,1710'..r!.,..We caution the Public against tiling ,
the many imitations or connt • rfrits, but ask for
.t.lkr. - Celebrativl Stomach .;ttitters, and see -that'
h cantle has the words' "Dr. - 3:-,lloatettrr's Stomach
b 0.7 blown on the side of the bottle. and stamped on
'metallic cup twirering the'cotk, and observe that our
brzraph signature Icon the lahel. , '
ger. i'n•pared and sold by HOSTETTER & SMITR,
11,1 .4f01.1'a.., and stid by all druggists, grocers. and i .
thronhont - thei United Slates; 'South '
a.-ra..sod Germany. I .
1 .'&1 , ..u..h.r 'sale by John it, Son. Pottsville;
Ihir.ns and & I;Jvrtlner,.3linerevillf4.
rE , hrt.Tre:inout: Kitzmiller,..ll - trto Jlt Co., l'inegrine ;
Donaldson. . I iveitt 4h.ly •
fkJALTH 01? 1f -1(.1VES,ST
• ibhoeu.itilwee q Them.
LoLLowArs PILLS.
e s t , loori furniNhei the mateital of every bona:mato;
aul'lnd Moe id the hnmin Wben pure;
ot Fog in.3lth to ever); organ when enrropt. it neces4
inuttn•eo dbort.e. 1101.1,0,WAI"S‘ PILLS operate
•olv upon the element. of {be streak : of life: neutral."
up, princlpti• of dketm .
and thui radically curing
whethrebeotted in the nerveg., the gtontachj
4 -r, the bowel& the mti%elet, the akin. tbe brat n i ;
'11)•r put of the iyatent.. i
Used Throughout the World! -•
"LWAYAV'S are elfin!) , effinrintin in entif
,.,fi,nf n the wh , tle buninn rnee.nnfl" in ditkr:
p°rNii.;r to rerlain,rlimatpA nfifi
~
• • • Al : wining Disorders.' ~
yq,... n ., 4 1 And dertuntenient oft he liriir.'t he eiaaree rate
I :
mil y 1.4 su ttetitl4. and th cause' of innutueret,l4 l
t !::. eiel I t• - • the:, ritret fres. , i
all ra."-re. honker luta, ,
to '
'-' O -1, a" inn' as .;.. mild purzarr. re. alterative and tau
r re - I
i••re Gni to purify the dulls. and insk.- 1 I
;he ..ii:teln and tire mast it ntion .et the same t itue.l
,
general Weakneei---Nertrons coinpiainte. .
1.1,0 di .t 1111 ulant , 4lll,.i h., tenovalitnt and. ilratlirg! ,
• - 11--. fl' the," Pills clot. rtnn.:•,. to 1114 , &flak Ing.l
'"'.and nufeetded muscles o -the•sltlm of general ,
dity. -' - -- ' ~ L 1 • !
, •
•
Delicate Fe Glee . ,! ' .
i"-zilmiltivs and silmilitaluelderit to the dell-!
- ir I '- , 1,1tY.e1,ri.t.,.ne atilt!
~eX.ire removed or .pre- ,
'"f ter a fear theierof thek.ritild. but Infallible alter ;
'''• . No - rant her. sillo regents her earl or het eldid-!..l
I mila/sould tall' to hare Ithem within her reads. 1
-, • Scientific Endorsementi. 11
, hand 'n••tati , et," the'Lun Jon ,- Misfit, I Ri+ , l4 , -,W,",':
1 Th., vu”st eminent of the ~trimly in eirrat Britein;,
- e and Germany, hare eulogize d the Pills and their:, I
.•. , . .
- ,
,
itray's ran ! ace the kra -7— i !- , : -retnerly Z - nnten in fliel'i
ispriril'er,tl4ll4(ofr' try diNeni :" , .
.1
"nn, - Dropsy, `,.: : liveried Weal:tiers; c
ll CLi mp.laints,DeUllty,.. , . .I.la,..i,C.rinplAint,, ;1
i
llos, ' . . FtTar and Agna; Loa t,.,l!td:Spl.rtts,ti
0 c . ,
.. Veinal.. romplalnts•Piles; • - ,1 '
Dispasis, 11, 4da , rh..., , stoni, slid Gravel LI
~,,,,,,,,, •Itidixefolioti, ! Bill•Orydary • SY..dik•.
tv.1%,. Intlneni a , -, 'tome: ,-. lll
thee; . • intlaulmetion, 'Venereal Atlavtiutsl-;
-, • Worms of ulliS Inds. •, - ' 1 I
.14 at ths sin n ufecturies ill' Pente-siurllol.l.ol,i, gell i
!.n lane, New Yntit, end 2A i Arend. lAndon.tr;,s
:t.LTA.: , Inund sto and Dealer* in Medici se throuttltl',l
'
le .I'. nitedi iitates and the tirilleed worid,in-boicea
rents; 82 1 ,-; Cent's. and $1 iterh:--.: ' ,
.Plkrra lsla coosideranl< seeing by taking t 6 larger' '
• , -
13.7-Dire,tieeP tell'thezitidanceof pitlents In e ve r]
'der are affixed to earta bon.' ' -' •
• 1 1 •
till
1 4
wal
sictk;
impbi
light
If to'
out.
R ` in i s
hen
_—
GREEN HOtE POT 8:: 1-
OR PIANTS, a ol iu use;. pu ehased
1 , y
, b. fIit.NNAN. I
, , .
VOL. xxxvi. '
{ •
prii! (psi* I it:plini ig.
I
Rim the London ining dote
STSTII; or COIL ENING S , PURSUEI,
SOUTH iTAILS.-14, 1.
1 1 ..,
'Although elementary treatises upon ,he
Physical sciences are familiar to all, iti is
strange that scarcely anything has been
Written of a generally interesting Aar:leer
upon the working .of 'coal mines. There . is
no brief, simple, abd, reliable . manual of
Mining extant which!colliery proprietor s'may
eonsulc when other Sot:ire:es of information
are not open. Coal minirigls acknowledged
to be .a übject of ,grtat national imp ance 4
ilnd,' of 4 4ate years, public, attention h been
I ,
attract to it most forcibly and paid lly by
le x plosions' of. firer-damp and other citastro
tildes. 4 There - may he one or two works of a
strictly professional character which treat
upon the, subject in question,, and a varied
mass o' useful inforination May, be iic ttereil
through a series of GoVernment„ rep ,
rts.—
However, ithe numb r er and size) of the e lat
terL
. volumes are so tormidable, that. either
collier' proprietorslor the public can e ex
pected to have the' emirage or time to eruse
them.' Such being the : state of-thin 8,- we
.1
feel wcannot too highly praise the 'excel
lence o 1
the present movementi both in alit;
erary nd businessi point of view. t 11811
been iiistiftitecl by a few generous parties,
!who wish that an esposition of the most ad
vanced pi nciples o coal mining should be
'attainable, and offer practical I induc` tnents
to any wh? may - be able and Willing' to' fur
l i
nigh the 'information: Thus i the . r quir
ments cif colliery proprietors, of the umane
and enlightened public, and. to a cert -' • .
tent, oft students, are admirably supp)
the self-same movement . . ' 1
Havini indulged! in these few preliinary
( r
remark's', we now feel prepared' toent r upon
• a.dese ption of the mosseconomical ander
ficient yinera of cal' mining, l as pur ued.hi
South Vales. Tluit to which such pitheis
t•
are applicable is, unquestionably, the•pillar
and stallaysteM; and, perhaps, l 'it may be 1
.well to say a fewords as to thelmeaning of,
the terms: The s ti ll is a -chamber oi' a cer
twin' particular Width, which !is driven on
'upon tie Plane oft he cOalselind and oecu pled I
mostly )3') wn workinen. ' A distance of -12 yds.
genet:ldly lies between' each stall. Of, this, 1
6 yards! are work/I as the still progressei,•l
and whtti it has. a Wined the requisite dis- I
tance tt i e remaining six are worked back-3
ward to hid the heading. This pr cess is 1
mall ' i
. drawing a; stall tiackf.' More Willi
(.t
be s iif this again, lint' it •Ps Aiecessa- I I
ry, firs .;: to state! a' fact' intimately bon-,
necteditth 'coal Alining, and to which the
above- taloned trtii "plane!' refers. Ow- p
' ---
I— ' ---- -T- of • 'e 1 • 1 1 !
ing to the •operatron, certain g c o ogica j
plieno eha in,times past, theicoal seams her
at very varions:degrees of inclination in the.'
earth. In some loialities
_the gradient may.;
be that f -6,3, or T 2 inches in ihe,yard, else-'
Where t vehiS mky bei perfeetly lierirontal.;
,
Now, t e'leading•eeiitures ,of the - pillar.and
s
, .
stall 8 ern,- in - so far as-they''ar 'affect-
' ! • '
:ed by thi peculiarity of. inclinatiOn, are the
mainl€;tr l
1, the { heading, and the stall., This '
.J brings 11 to the esoential part I rof the-subject, .
which d aIS with 'the ratioilabe of the system:
under th • review. 1.! The"mainlevel is driven
onwardfrom, the! bottom !of the' downcast;
shaft; u ' n the-plane oi=tlie coal, and acts est
an explo ing dilftjto In - the:coal - field, 'as
_a;
nassikg rthe inging - urrent of - ventilatio, i
r f
and 4s a transit 14 r 'the empty, and loaded:
wag4p rsl In . course of, tirnts.What •iO termedl'
4),
' - heading, .or gallery at right.j..angl'iiis'iiithe: - .
mainj leji-el, is Worked to the rise of he vein.
'From ijta, s ihtervals,,olik alleys . ihrion
i .
brat i lelt in from a leading street,. stalls ore
. ,
opt! ed o it, running in a direction pa - rallel
to-the le el, anal course;, al right t ngles to . l
the heading. And it ,is simply by a very!
11
greatiriithlier :of these stalls, epeited out of al
- ,serie tff headings,lthatthe collieries in Soiitlit
Wales are generally - exha6ted. - When men-;
lion lulls Been Made - of, the thirling-and thel .
•
two ! principal air courses,l all the gal-1
lerieri find - chambers Of a_ cellier3q - itrorkedj:
upon-141 - n South Wales system; wi'll'irave been
'passed !before the ; reader'S notice. I An niti
course for Wind-why, is iniairabllr ! driven
j .simultaneously with, and parallel to, the
main Idvel, acting 4 as a means for-. fuirnishingl
the work nentherein with a supply Of fresh'.
air; Viand as a teniporary return air-conrs
;during tEe period when the colliery ; is bein
bridleut.. The; forper end is soon -hnd-sim-1
ply. -effected by. working a communication{
frot4 one; to the other; the distance enetally,
• being nit . very great; 'but depending, of
i icoirt'Se. - Upon la Variety, of 'circiurt' stances,l
such as the depth et' the mine, andlthe con 4
seeirem alaounit of, pressure to be - withstood.l:
As the) level .- Progressds,, and new.; coramu 7 ;-.
nicatioris are formed, the - last in.. miccession
is invariably -closed by' a door-, or gaging, so,
that; the Stream of
. air may be carried onto`
Sweep the working-face of the level, as much'
• as poseible. Thelthirling,
.which. jis also 1,
conimenication from stall to stall,.made par lit'.
1 allel. to the heading, and upon the rise of the
.vein, -is used for the. piirpose: of . plissing:th4
ventilating ciirrenjt Troia One chamber to an.,
other. Lastly, .1)t very far flint', being the
least in i,inportane, tlie use and general char-...
neter Of, the return air-emirse:has Ito be ex 4,
plainet;•' it is-driven parallel to the befere.-
mentiOned main level, and at a disiance front
•or abdve it dePending upon the "range" or ,
length,. to'which klie headings are extendedh:
'and.. its !Practicid_use is. as. follows :—The
body of ,N l entilating air, after rushing - drown-
the downcast ph,. fink traverses the - main
level, then mnx twldivided into a series of Mil- -
nor currents, which pass each up theirrespect4
die headings, airlng,the stalls on their way.':
This being done; each stream of air has its
vent in the, set r,n air -course, ,along which
it travels Until-tie . final el - it, whether an
,opening. to the urfacelgfan upcaSt ehaft is
arrived at.: Thecretically speaking, there
tura air-course) should be of larger dimen
shins than .the intakeTevel,•oviing to - the con,: - .
,siderable expansirin which theakhiii under-r!
ion'e during its passage through • the . heated
fwbrkings. I 1 , . •,. -,
' Dins much- having been', said, upon the
leading - features of the pillar and stall sys
tem,e. w . now- piss on to consider - the " mord
• efficient and echnoinical"! method • Of driving
iiiin'levels. A most excellent plan, where
l i • kaetieable, is. that of driving first. 46 the
) , etindary; and' then;working backward to
l i the % l imn; instead 'of turning headings anl sdon us 'possible! from the plair devil, and
t corinnetteing.the extraction of coal near- the
shaft,' which- isj the prevalent plan. Of
I I cinirSe„to carry but the - system redommend- •
ed, efen sive imOtal is requiried,.4o. enable
~the roprietor to: afford tlie delay. of Waiting
11 4
, sornet ime befere any re munerat ton is received.
It is nlso equallY clear that the system EM-
I pereeties, to a . great extent; the j constant,
{ and heavy:expense of keeping a level in re
! pair ;•Artld moreover, the old workings, a
, Irma, source Of
,danger,-.are left behind; and .
.eo. thezisk . attending then is greatly dimia
, ished. -- It may be' well to state' that this his
been -ettlegized is the most advanced princi
• plc f• coal raining-by rel.); eminent colliery.
(.
engineers before, the Select Committee of the
llouSe of 'Comrions, and we are. happy to!
• 1 •-e
See ,
say we havn its practice at a few collier
; ies V' South Wales attended with most s.'iti l s.
' fact ry resulti. Ahother praiseworthy meth-: .
0(1i that of driVing straight main levels. in
! ordr that a windieg-engine may be placed iit
a c nvenient pordtion; land haul the wagons!
to dad -fro by fie'.adoptioa of an endle4l3
.
ch lin. This is detidefily almore
. enlightens
ed, and very mu - eh-4re economical, princi-;
pl of, action than that of theusual 'employ
:- te tit
. of. - ri number:of horses, which, unfort it.:
na { ely, are liable la be killed by heavy falls;
offcoal orstone. ' The general area of an or
'I - level varies from 40 650 siinare feet;'
bit occaidonally. when the roof ii iemarkar
1, y_strong, - the width may-tie j ,effual to that
j i
-. ff - a.strill When the financial, part Of the
tiabject is treated; it will be seen that the
attire of the-roof regulates, to a'great ex..
ent, the expense-of coal alining. - -
Tho 18 . 1111.8 ..Bi,llgle'lln'd double - Inge! de..'
ote the two classes into which the headingfi
are divinable. The former implies - one which
dies stall' at . work upou ono side only , •'th ,
e'
hitter one that has . them on both.t Another
. . ,
point pf difference is, thati a n Series Of midi;
gle-range !headings, the.-distance between
each is generally 72 yards; in the othereas,e l
it; amounts to 120 yards; and, eensequently;
it. Is necessary in such a . ease tojhave tin air. , -
heading at half the distanceto carry forward
the current of air.' Both Of these system's
are usually arwork in a' large colliery,. tint
doubl e range headings are Obviously prefer....
sable its an economical poineof - View. When
abe34igiBitarfedfromh t M ßt ie t ei l t
customary loissigr ittosOm rrltrint
of direttiOn: to ensure its being toleriblY
' 1! •:. { - ' _ .
.tuvl yen,"
. • ' • • 1
1 - i 1 . 1 • -I
straight. ' T hi s is effectedec by, the use - of the,
dial, lind is an excellent plan, beim*. the*
are certain slips or lines; of cleavage rUniiipg
in, particular, directions through the coal'-
,
seam;, and, it is most deSirable that the hendl t ,
ingshould cross them in the shortest .„timill
pos.silde. • If this be not done, and the head_
ingta allowed to be driVen in the line of the
1 slips] very, great and dangerous falls May lief I
expected occasionally. null** Very strong
1 roof Overlies theciial seam. The dimensions
of headings are generally equivalent to their;
o an ordinary level ] and de
r, . .
• n s greatly,.upon the nature of the roof,.
. 11
and e extent of property -to be; orked.
AI rinciple to be , mentioned las - a iniost - .
• prai eworthy one, is that in case 'of. a head' , . I
• -.mg I being' driven "rom one to inlet - 11er_
levet no stalls should be turned before the -
heading has advanced. to the upper level.
The .reason is very clear.. If a course oppo-.
site tit that] recommended were p,unined, the
.consequence would be, that the Stalls in the i
heading Iwould. be - ilestitute or. itiy:Vegplar
sup Ply (4 ventilation, th e heading itself eti,joy.
idg pnlyta small Modienm, conveyed through
nir-pipeti. I But if- the plan which :is being
, *adv4,cated were practiied, a constantsupplr
• • -
st•fresh 7 '
.. 0 -air wo traversing the heading
and pould. leasily be Aiverted by. dcors into
the gene, after the usmal manner. ,l ' To re
turn nee , to the subject of the stalls, matters
_
•of : detail will be' given. as to the width, ex
tent, and process off' " drawing beck ; before
referred!' tot.:i The - width to which- a stall
is •driver! linay . be stated .to be an tivrir:
age lot G, yards ; the eitendpf its ; course to
befit) pirdir ,It iis almost unnecessary to .
suggest thet, , , as a; general principle, the dia
tance and Width to which" either 4 stall or a
level may he' ciirried'dep,endialmoit entirely<
upen the nature bf the roof. • If it be Very' .
weak, and : consequently more or less dan
gerous, it is: obvious that: the , sooner such
. a• tate of things iit 'passed through the, bet
te ; and to e ff ect this the:stall, or level,' must
be narfewell :,The process of drawing, a
il
• '44ll•back ie attended with considerable per
sonal danger to' the collier, and it would‘be ..
most unwise to allow, a than to work 'alone: at
such a time. ; 1 The operation is. commenced
by', driving asmall heading to the rfse of the
• vein, end therreicsynting the whole ; breast '
' of the coal !inward gradually toward the
heading. •Tht danger is so formidable,l- Ow
.o
, ing to the r'o being very apt to fiat sudden-.
~,ly in mass ;I, infield the 'same may be said
"of the coal itself, Which is generally iria very
lo :tse state I i dhiS stage of the proceedings.
Here it is- eiticillarly necessary that 'the
-under grow di overlooker should see himself
alat as manly props 'of timber are extracted
is consistent with a proper regard for the
safety of life lindlimb. Ariotheesalient fea
tlre of stalkWorkingsremains to he noticed.
11,hatever reltifie or nseless small coal may be -
produced by, the.; excavation of, the - coal. is
- stowed togeth'er upon the lower- side of the
stall,
_forming what is technically termed
hi the collieri the 1“gob." This shobld be
dbne in Buell a mannertits to tdlow a moder
ate, space to: Intervene betweeit,the "
,gob"
and the loWerl Side , of the Stall, in order that
the'air", on !sluing froth the thirling, slibilld
he. eo . mpelleclito skirt the stail, and ultiinate
ly sweep the morking-face itself. A . mime
"suceessful mode of ventilating stalls than tids
' doeenot, 'sb ;believe, exist at present. The
gob" ,shotild also be packed as 'closely and
as high as PAssible, in Lorder that the SuPer
incombent 'weight Of the roof maybe relic*.
ed ; and, this simple precautioa wereal
ways carri din practicri,• no small saving of -
, tiniber would, 'be effected ' Nevertheless,
Wherever there may appear the slightekk real ;
need of it, i iti should always be furnished;
, V,ery great 'lovs of lif e: unhappily occurring
from the fiat iof coal and roof. The inter
ests oUhurnanity„ 'and of enlightened coal
miningdilike,ldemand, it :, but, at the s a me
time, the strictest supervisiordshould he bx
eiised, in order that the proprietors' 'prop
erty stay: net die wantonly wasted. , i : .
, .
j. r
M
.1 ~ L.
It. should:have been 'remarked before that
partieplar Care must. be taken that the at
tempt to die* a stall back before ins 'neigh
barin g ;upper, stall has, first
,passed ;through
' the , process,. Should never be made.
; It may be well to state • that'lin Well laid
'.out collieriespt isthepractice to. have. at ; all
times a large
,aresi of Work Open, ready at
any time, if necessary, for thq immediate:ex-
traction of 'OM.- Aforeover,i a large area of
undergroundlworkings,_that Might have been
. seriously relred apoN.is liable to beconu? of-
ten greatly ollitrcif order, owing to the pies
. ence, perhapi,:of an extensive Crush, and; so
be. incapacitated from Prodncing its usual
amountof C 041 .1 Bence the necessity of hay-
ing some ample reseite to fall back.upciii lin
' times of urgent. need. This
of
de
serves the] strongest terms recotamenda.. •
tioa, inasniueli; as 'sudden demands I areifre- •
illicit - ay' made ;for .increased quantities :of
'coal at extcheiie coal-Mines. -;The trietipcids
.of fortninganmps and driving crosii-cuts _ rdm.
one vein t9.ahother are, common: to, all sii_ .
-terns of mining, and the moilus operanei in.
either case ntay.be siticEto be 't he same every-.
Where'; consequently, we , do not_ feel, our
iselves under the necessity iif enteriog :Upon' :
the explanation of either subject, hut shaft;
make a few remarks as to the plan of exain
irting the 4kings daily .. .,with a aaf.ety-lanip.
The_disch rge of this duty ;should derolYe
upon, a mcistl active, trustworthy; intelligent
• man: Ilia dutyS is every morning to explolro ,
.. 1 oertain - distriet of a mine' with a . looked •
safety lamp ins his hand; and; wh,erever. the
presence Of carburetted hydrogen is iniliea
led the ruleit ordain that, two pests of wood,
• With a third'lfastened; cross `vise, should' be
Placed at the opening of thi i stall, as a prb
hibition tp lenter. i In additidn, the wo!rd
,., fire" is written upon one of the posts, and
this constitiltes the danger signal. ' In such
• a case the proverbialrecklessness of the poi-
Jier, . and the -very .'gener a l' indolence ;Of
the 2 overmen, have to be strictly; guarded
. .against. ;Unfortunately, it is to be lamented,'
these danger , signals are repeatedly ignored
by Parties'i ; although the word.'fire' stares
them in the face, and despite flip aysfur warn-.
ing of 'colliery explosions so freipiently and
Vividly piesented to their minds. -But', in
the meantime, no work shotihkb_e carried On
in the stall ithere . the exploaive gas is pica;-,
. ted.; At, night i the fireman's , duty is to take
.tiny requisite measures for introducing a cur-,
rent of fresh air to streep away the gas,,;he
himself using a lockeff safety-lamp ; and-so,
perhaps, thq lext-morning the spot maihe .
ready andsAfe for. the entranee . of the work-
M
' en. - .Ileiqre
.his part of the subject is dis
iniased, it mit be well to reeemmeuil the use
of :p door pr? I.ate placed at limy. convenient
and e ffi bientip sition,' in erderthat the fire
man, on hisi, entry in the' Morning, shduld •
lock it; ; sci prevent:" td alceitain extent;
the possibility of .eollieta going to their stalls ,
before the . fireman's examination had taken'
place. Ordinary ivreught-iron plates are
generally, i nod rails but rarely,. used in South
Wales. Thd 110 ter, ex pedient has been fairly
tried, bat net,' we behove, with very satis
factory rqsults. One.ritther weighty objec
tion to thciirjuse. lays iii; the-fact that loaded
'wagons, 'on descending-the headings. had a
tendency to ;run violently off .the rails when.
they reached the bottom, - the curve heing
. mostly moreler less sharp at, that point. ' .
The sysieln of timbering puraued in Smith
I . ...ifties is I very simple, Twii - i pr ops . ctilied
1 arms, are kited one on eaeli side of the level,
another, Called a collar; recta uPon theta, find
a serint - of idigliter . timbers, ",ktiOwn litren i
teebuical 'name of 't' laggings,"nre arzitiAr
in the opPoilte direction, to the collar.' . 7 4 .
Most improfed method is -that 'the collstr,in-,
, Stead of Tieing cut io suit itself to the 41 . 1,
Should reit. !entire Upon. a notch Pinned . ,in
th e arm. 'be advantages of the latter.plim
.
are very clear, the strength of the collar . 'e-,
• .:sing judiciously preserved,. and tic), of con e,
' • .._ its power increased of supporting the wei gh t .
r ‘ i
of the roof.'; There is nothing'peenliar to
be mentiotted in connection With bitililihg
arches, undqrground: they .a.re etinstruct d'
upon thei common principles ;of: mason ,
ir
nceorclinetciiwhich arches are generally made'
oa ; the surface. - •It.yrait thought that a sys
tereiof circUlar arching would be an improVe
..mebt, and tie• experiment was tried, but, for
. various re a sons, it proved-a decided failure.
, The princ pal precautions to betaken in re- •
r
gard to a ,elling are that the . sides are verti
cal, sufficiently thick, and that the,space Se
- tivien the tap- of the, arch and, the; roof,lof
' the coil 'tiepin is filled up., ;.A kw 'words
• shOuld be ettid with regard to the,tiMount;of
pillar to bet left u. a barrier between .it level
' and'air epiirse, 'or' the higheit Mall of A
• heading and i the adjOininglevel.. It is clent'
,ly impossible t' lay dowh any arbitrarytaile,
When so inittny eireuniStances,regUlate the
matter, the moseirap.ort ant of whiePure. the
I depth of the' mine and _ the nattire of , the•roof. ;
;• 1
1 _,P-- • 1 • ' l: • L.i '
ATIJRDAY 'MORNING JTji
__L
1 -
T e 4fest policy is to i . tve,!at all t u imes f a tru
I the,
of pill
s 4,
. b rather de ep ,
F by so doing Y the den- .
gee a creep is very much lessened: ',Nei
thr Will any • waste !mane,: because the Mil.
jority,l if not the whole, of the pillar maybe
werkeil out when - the mine is being drawn
back. I The pereentage! of mineral that can
be exhausted by the pillar and stall system,'
arid the Cost of working coal per ton, is - also
difficiLt. to state!! so Much depending often'
th l e ciretunstancas of the particular case. Too
t ranch stress cat Mot• be laid upon the econo
mic importance of -a good top; in awning;
indeed, a vein With: a strong rock roof! Cant
oven be worked more cheaply - , than a 'far
t thicker vein which labors under the diend
!vanof •an inferior - roof. An important
meat of our subject. will now I be
brou ,
tis
t.forward, which eiplaina the sysrem
uPon Which I
the,wages of underground
'wOrk en are! , regulated. In the first place,
one neral rate is fixed for the cutting alien
*flit coal, varying from ls. 21. and 11. 1 6 d.
to 2s • and 2s. tid., but :rarely becoming
s -high sa the ! last mentioned. it may be
here toted that, during th a
e absence of a re
dlicti n of wages, the earnings ofcollier
ii th ;e xtensive iron=works district vary
- from :to 30s. •per week. Iln addition to
this s m per tOn,'in the case of levels, head
ings, • coursed and thirlings, the collier.
recei es 86, !Mich • per yard for the labor of
driVil ur
g ttiein oin, and this expenie forms one
leadi g feature of , what' is called ''dead
'slier"' Lisvels are usually worked for 3e.
tii. 4a.. thL per Yard; heading!' 3s. to 45.; thir
tinge, ls; 3d. to is . Bd. ; cross-merisure, IBs.
to 2 ; cutting bottom, 5d.... to 7.d.; timber is,
het fo . about. Is. a pair; and overmenLare
Paid bout' 308._ per, week ; fi reineri, 20s. to
*a. ; doorkeePers, 2s. 6d. tti Ss. ;, haulers,
15s. o 24.5.; 'timberers, 205.; and fiuenieri,
12e. t 14e. -These matters' are stated so Ad-
fy to newer One special requirement of-the
essay that "stich general infortnat ien" should
he given as ought to - " be pesseesed by propri
elorsif coal binds to.enaltol. them to ascertain
tlieo rt.
unt ef capital" requisite for, mining
purpsee. IWhen the roof in very' strong,
l
and t e levellcan.be driven timsame width
as a s 11,:the collier receives a trifling addi
tion
tiona sum totcompensate for - the less of his
Pillar, It should :be stated - thatgenerally
epo Her working in a stall receives nothing .
tile
t emoneYfor the ton of coal which he Cul s.
The c Miry iiewe. measures, at certain pe- .
1
i!iodi 1 times, the amount of." dead Work"
4riveik by each pia -, and the 'coal produrd is
weig l edbY a inach ne °Mille surface,' ne. r the •
'Pitts ouch. !A ve y heaiy source of expense
in col mining is he great tendency of the
floor o. rise and; consequently !it staff of
l i
Men aeOonitantly employed cutting itdown. •
limb ring and arching,. especially the - for
ler, re also costly items. This rapid sketch
1 t
ef thlexpensivetfeatures of 'ciml•mining av
mg ben given, itlis clear that the conetitu—,
eats of what is called the "cost" of a ton of •
coal are' the cutting, the "hauling, dead work,
and
M ateriels. The: hauling generally 'lies
in thhands: of a trustworthy contractor,
evlio - 1 s undertaken to deliver the coal tit eo
muchr i t
eten from the wet:kings te the r hot-
- tom o ' the shaft. ! The scale of prices varies
from .to Is. 2d., the exact sum depending
upon the length of the' level, steepness of
the headings, and Mitch like matters. • The • I
expeMle of sinking !Oohs of the usual di
mensiOns of 'lB ft. by I 0 ft. varies from 0/: to
181., the precise•sunt ,depending upon the tt
, lure 4 - f the 'ground, Ithel i quantity of. Water,
depth to be sunk; and theamount of walling.
'Th leading featuree arid working:details
i
of th pillar:and' etall syStem have now been
paese under revieW l, so folly that very.little
description remains: to be given ,of the' ap
pearahce presented by an "extensive colliery
at wotir.' - ff'here - Would,- of course, be'lone
or several main levels, air -courses, thirllngs;
a vim i iilatitig ftirnaee perhaps, and air-Pits,
and o t number •of headings, some greparatO
ry, of ers With a nuniter of stitlls opened
out. The stalls and headings 'Would he in
'vario 4 stages,isomeadvabeing, others tieing
draw k..„
bac. and some on the point of being
`finish ql. Anyilleadings,l or levels. that are
'being. driven Me, would' he furnished With
wood it air-pipes, in order that the current
of ai might
~.
b'brolight forward as near the
worki g face al; possible: There. would be
alsowooden doors, in ' which the pipes are in
sertcif' .so that - the stir may be compelled to
pass rhrotigli. - .Supposing 200 tons of rcoal
to be raised. in a South Wales- colliery: , the
!number ntworkmenwould'probably amMint,
on n rough! estimate,. to 130. Of-these; 100
might! be colliers, the 'remainder being 'tim
'berers; haulers,- masons, road cleaners, fire-,
'men, overman, and deorrkeepers. The , ex
act preportion of each: of these ,classes,, it is
almost unnecessary tto state, would depend
. upon the !Particular ;circumstances of the
mitte,---whether Wet, fiery, well ventilated,
• or possesling the advantage of n,good roof.
The systemef manegernent lies :solely in the
hande.of, the colliery manager rind overman,
the hitter, el course,. !being subordinate . to
• the authority of the viewer, but, during his
absene, holding complete sway over any
empl. ed i 4 the mine.- When any portico- .
il
far m an ures are to be taken, orders are Com
moni tedto. the overman, whose duty • is
rigidly and 'speediljr to execute' them. !Par
ticulits will now be 'given of " implements
emplotyed."t The list comprisee two chisels;
one churm, 'four mandrils, one pick, one light
sledgC, one! hamnter, one*ire;: one scraper,
and one rammer—the three lastbeing blast
ing tdols. Their cprobable - value 'would be
,-fromi s.. to 0s: ' The value of the ordinery
,i,
coal 1 in used underground is ;about 31.1105.
and'i may be interesting to know that the
cost a' yard . of *ought-Iron plates, 'form
ed on a road,.and sleep . er s excepted, amount,.
ed to ' - s. in, the year 1856. With regard to
I the itinies of the makers Of itnplementa, it
i
is sit, eient, to say that a smith's and car-,
penter's shop is invariably in connection.
With every moderate sized! colliery, so, that
the tools can be Manufactured en the spot.
Most interesting and valuable details have
now to be brought forward as, to the ." most
approved inachinery;" &c.. The pumping
engine generally used is a single-acting•cen
densing one; the cylinder varying front 1 30
inches to 80 inchetiridiameter,saccording to
the atitount of wafer to be raised. The visual
. length of:a :lift is. 60 Yards; and !should
- not ec•eed .00. The - most efficient pumps
are • forcers" but, : when the workings'
:
arc i danger of. !being droWned, lifting
pumds may be reeorted• to with . advantage.
' The size of pumpi varies frolait 9to 20 inches,
in diemeter. Their expense is about - 9/. per
ton, end that of pimping-engines froM•6OOL
to 213140 /. 1 The most generally !used boilers
- are t c tubular, or eylindiical,With spherical
ends.]' A boiler 30 ft. in length and G ft- !in
diam e ter willweigh about 8 tons, and-prob
ably 4ost 1601. A
,epeeieit of winding-engine'
to be recommended ii:a double 24-in cylin
der; acting horizontally, and upon high-pres
sure, ' and working the drum-shaft' direct.-
It . ma 'cost about, 'NOW. , 'and: would yossess
pore to raise 1000 tons a ; coal 'per' day
from depth , of IrAj yards to 200 yards. The
e.r
1111 ;
1 fraffte ought properly to be about
41:fe t above the lord of the pint mouth,
the''leaves ;being, from . 6 to 8 feet in di
. amen r. A :great:l-elicit - of 'pit indipaters
._ are id use, hut' it may be , well. to mefulfm
that,n.n excellent! 'ode consists of a !small'
spind a attacked to the end pf the• arum ' -sha ft
' and winding a copper cord over a pulley.
This A fixed at the top of ,n graduated board,
a weight being attached to . they end Of the
cord, 'so it workstip' anti down the board.
A T,rail, fixed , to " byats," constitutes an
apprt ved guide rod; single-linked chains,
wire- .open,:artd•bolt - iron are also, employed.
for die- same purpoie. I The - nanies of the
prinerpal makers lof stationary engines' in
Engler are-.-landsly, London ; Penn', Lou
don; Fairbairn, Manchester ;, Neath 'Abbey
Comp ny, Netith ; Bush, Bristol; Si MUrray, -
Leed ; Boulton Watt, 'Birriiinghatn.
Th
it
desired ~, details" hating!, now been
ftindhed, we prOceed to trea t ati briefly as
possi le, 'the tinestion of colliery entillition.
c
The a abject will be viewed • in ;Into lights—
Firstly, as implying the &geld. which .causes
the ventilation; anti ,secondly, as the most
efficient and peonemical methpeof distribu
ting air through the ramifications of a mine.
The generally prevalent vehtilalug agent
,t
in Send! Wiles is the air turn,
e- I It, is
•placell at the hottOrn of the upcast shaft, and
by'creating an intense heat has the effect of
greatly 'accelerating the air currents. It is"
kept eonstantly burning within alirick arch.
A furnace is seldom nsed of ti, greater 'width
thaßß or 9 ft. !} and if one of this size, were
properly, supplied with lewd, its rarefying
power would he immensely !great.' We ber
lieverlhat niftiest as gicatri quantit - as 1000
•euhilliffeet perl,mittute for es',ery.fo t orsec-
I iontd area ofl the tipiast shaft his been at-.
tained to , by the use of an effieient i furnace.
Very great c aution should, be exercised in
, .1
'L):• ',I
1 Y 7, 18
• ' ,?' I - ' ' 1 1 i
the constmetion of an airftirtt to ,pre
vent the possibility of any,den r arising, •
. from the fire' coining into Contac with the
neighboring coef.ll It is generally t e euitom
to build two arches, one for 'the ' 'llliur
posa of sustainic t t the roar, and the .other to
act as the, flu
,h, there 'being an empty
sPaee between i': 4 greet amount, o scientific
discussion has taken plac is tO,th Compar
-1 gtfiaai
ative.power or l the-steam '.fe l l an furnace,
but we , believe themajorityler die p rofession •
are in favor of til furnace,l and tain it as
an old and efficie n t friend iiattpite of the al
leged improveffitaiL An objectio has been l
urged against 'the; furnace 'that it State; in a
..fiery collieri'it dangerous;.loWing the fre-
4
quently:explosivenatute of the urn air ;.
but the risk can e easily { bir.i4g by , hav- l '
ing resort . to 'a, 4. durabadrift., - hisl-iiv a
simple contriv, nee, by . which th e' air _
is admitted int 1 he upcast shaft, at altuffi
, cient height a o ,e, the fire to p vent all
't..chance of an ex lesion. ;It is lo att . bp-,
a t
portant truth thatlth furnape pt.. sees' the •
great advantage 0. b ing C;mpa ivelj free:
from the liabi li ty to get oh of wo 'figgeir,
common to alllineehanical agents. - It is the' ,
custom ini some l places to !fill up the 'space'.
below the; fi re2gttite with' ashes d cinder, -
in Order, as it is' susposeg, 16 . increase the
a l
rarefying ;pa ,ell of the; furnac I . This, is
most strongl
. 161, e leonde,mned, e theory
of,the supposition being radical y false. 4- •
i
• We are happY tglsay we have seen the ek- '
mimetic fairly tried; stall would
_earnestly
recommend the *Plan of preserving the said
space as clettilaslpositible : An u ast shaft
• is generally walled- with :,firebric ; and the
making one out of-a pumping !pit s ould; as a
general rule, be strictlyevoided.l The use •
of -Byram's anemometer te• teat the attiOnat
of sir circulating in a mine; and 'f a :Water
guage to ascertainthe, "drag" o the air, is
recommended Iby very high au hOrities.—
The same may be Said of. a !barometer, and
„.
thermometer. , i. il l; 11. 1 , ~l •• •
These few lremar s having_been l made
upon the efficacy of a rarefying ce, we
.l, pass on to express, an opinion, 1 - ta - , , . the
most efficient ;it'd econotaiial"method - of .
distributing the air ..l This is, u douhtedly, J
. a plan 'not pi an means Ipeculi r to youth
Wales, t h e
... splitting Ofir." l 'J The.
• principle involved Li . thid; al coil ery'should
be divided into a aeries ofigistric s, or, head=
it:Ts. according to the Beath Wit es SyStem, •
and that each of lthetashOuld b independ
entof the other; in every[respec . ' A sepa-
rate current of pure air sh ould he arranged
. _
' to pass up each; the par ti cula r amount be
. ing regulated!' by a check-door hpenithe top
of each heading.' Thet.beneficial -results of
such a system! as this are Ivery,olividus, .In
case an explosion{ of fire-damp were to.ti ?cur
in one heading, the- 'terrible:ally effects of
it would, in all , probability, beconfined to,
the particular fatal 'epriii insteadof being
diffused tlironglil the whole linine, to the,hor
rible destruction. of human life. The,latter
?is the inevitable 'result. where cOuraing" .
system is • pursued ; in . . ether wCali, Where
one stream of air. is made to t Vel up and'
down through de 'whole exent of a largo
t i .
colliery, 'becoming nat u ral l y a last very
highly charged,liith datigerus impurities.
' The prineiple which we I.ar end avoring to
t L
advocate has ! . heen most 'warmly praisO3 by
- • very eminent colliery
engineers befere the
Committee otthe House, of Com ons, under
the name of " aseensiohal" ;vent latiort,- and
we, are •happy Co ay S that , ii , e' havieeen it
a l i,
- • carried - into 1 pre**, ' e6d attended ' with
the most deeided
g success.s. c Moreover, to,
discuss ' he eConen y' of the Twit ion; a ',grea
Ravin g of deors: I , ay , be effected iby _this
method, for the, coursing I syste requires 'a
door to be', PlaCed on : every • all; end, of
course, a large "tat! of doorkeep rs: _ If one
or more allies •thiors-Iliiapplen be -open:
which is continually -the ease ih ' course of.' l
i 10
the ventilatiOn is' instantantea4l ' deranged. 1
But if the.plan. advocated w ere• irsued, and
strong furnace power in use, the superUbun
doik.nee of lair wothlti he Sol great, and its dis-;
tribution'se ainitile; and , efficient: that trith.l,
' out the assistance of doors tha current would •
pi
naturally rush, nto the Stalls .As •it ,princi
, ple, a system , or ventilation should tie ;made
to depend upon! as few !do9rs as possible.—
The long , wall system 'of coallan 'nemity al
so if% said 'to be highly firiorib e toft'slm
plieity and 1 efficiency of vent ; ating : .but
in I South Wales; owing l to:line y su ffi cient
rettaons;.-it is .1 far fro being e xtensively ,
practised. lt is' very lean that 'the above
mentioned plan or " Plitting t e air," en
suresthe collierybeing l in .a 2 r heathier
ii .
state. than 'the: Acetirs rig" l met , Oil does.-a-•
The collier in his stal has a 'eater and
purer scpp,iy, of air, dd.; ceps guently, is
- better able to go his work.' T e immense
importance 'of- anotir I Matter his to be
mentioned. l .All,l l the it course in a Mine
should at all tim es b 'autintai ed. in good
repair,and be , tide of! ample iniensiona;
Otherwise; 1 spacio us ; tikaSt an downcast
shafts, even the, gh aechntpitni by a pow
erful furnaCe, are of littlelavail , I
Imperfectly a this :excellen ' system of
colliery ventilati n has heenlire tee, we can
not but feel that its adieekages are obvious.
The. loss of bum Utile has ben so-itrimense
. 1 J
Of late in coal- Mutes, at tendef ith circum
stances so appalling, that any rentedy, re
commended I. alike Iby ' common sense and
reason, deserves olbe Most fit y tried. It
is scarcely neces ary to State th melancholy'
faCt. ' that when i vestigiitionS a Made into
colliery • explosi ne," the ,general cause is
found to be a de eitin the yen ilatiom--the
system either radically false, Or the quantify,
too small.; But; ere, we repeat' is a Isystem
of ventilitiOn ladvocated by the . highest
anthorities Of, the ' profession;. s late most
scientifically advanced; and the most preen
cally, effieient. .12ileither does t ere :appear
I= . :iiny reason to rear that, it may ot jbe appli:.
'lf Cable to the 'cire4instanees•of ni, nes . in gen
l .'_or a l: Beliering 1 honeatlj .sucli' Lei Jlbe the
case, we feel we 'cannot, dem our j subject
l without giving the system a hearty and final
recommendation; to the profession at large;
and without an:earned hope that ero long it
may become uni ersally prevalent, and 'that
great blessings may accrue ' ,fr. m it. in the
preservation of um:l,u life. , a • A
n
, 1
in of St ,
ophen , l A. Douglas
ircuntstahce, to - thei
Buchanan.' I is a rehuke
such att!no other `Presid l ent
r It is ,titore than probable,
Tae nonsinata?
is a mortifyitig, e .
istmjtion of Mr.' 1
by his own lifa:ty'
bas ever receiVei
- -- --- .7 - It
that' two Clectornl ticketsi will e run by the
Democrats instil theiStates. AI hough Doim :
las had t :;lettit majority in the atiOnel Con
vention,' ere 44 thousands f Democrat's
It
who haVeiclang aithfulltto t fortunes lof
the I,Admnisltra n on,•'who jwoul 1' rather sink
with' Breckieridge,than- aid in theti triumph of
• 1 1 ;
Douglas. 1 Beside it will n l ut be orgotten, dust
the Anti-Leebmptou ;leadero'ha ,e assumed it
.
tone of irisol:eneel which g I 1
rates harshly upon
the, mind's Cifthe,
.high - spitted a d honorable
men; they koW l that the were fold that Le
corn pusniiottld come ko be ( despised; and
t
that its ad m h voCates would be glad to,Comeilike
'fawning' epanielo - crawling lull) the cani P of
She ' Anti-Lecomptoti Deluder:mi. ;
1 ; -H 1 • .....„..I.—..4____,______„ -
gtri 'o ' o TME ' Ai r RONG I rARTI.-I.ast week
under the frank; of the t
t ort:llamas-B. Flo-
rence, this diStiniuished member of !Cangreas
from the l Fititt CongressiOnat. , ,,Distriet,iwe ;re
ceived a circular requesting - usto diSseutinste
an I"Appeal,ito the common sense aid
.; patri
otism' of the}DOited States." 1
"Thel Same re
quest is made to Postmaisteri. i; j
As ' the "Ap
pttal" is 'for 'ititso, benefit lOf the Demofratie
part's and its
,?ro-Slavcry interests, we res.
= . pe ctfully , deC i line. Weitie engtged in cirett•
kiting dOcurneitts, but, they, are' the inter'.
ests 'of Freedom. ,Yong need not g 6 so fail as
fii
StpDoming ,
' illit '
straiions. Of this bartiar.
l
ism of Slaiery Look No hem,"HTbonias,
'
; '; ; l' • .. '; '1 ;
look "to Mini,n)
• • )1.1 ;
i nda
T - . ; - 1 , . ,
THE Democratic papers are ' so deaperate;
that they rerriTto calusday inst Linceln,
of the meatastlkied. ;
_Te ' .. r d of this
Borough pehlithes krioinrigi ,! a He, wheriit
jrh rxrestt,
says that (I!i.lancoin in; ' , Con charged ,
ttro- pairl of .bop to :his!stati nary accent,'
The He-has can limited lby 'a. affidavit firm
the then cleric or, e _lfcm?lii i i be er eeeiee) the
'Standen! h,asinlv,the insuliuesS c,. saY,so:
Pah ! it is emitemptible.L.l ' I '
' - 1 I . ' 11
I
I
ipottr
1 , 1 1
, Sae ppan 11111 ran of hematite thoughts as Gift
tropical Ma wig* birds and Bowers:
I . i; /rem the Esndsillk 'Yarns's'. 1
[ THE BEA TYHAUNITIEE. I
'
1 ransakbar It 11111444W17 -1.-' lll stenry ti litelo . / .
1 Was bmething her BB in twee am not night, i., I
/low she drew Use empurpled, eloids ban the zooms,
ih!lials a languid gaisen;of the Ori might I
w a shadowy Teti Irina her fah , pub thee, II '
Ora tropical ems its dusky wa / '.•
a greet, white pearl. I bee the plats, -
rill the thowdbll, es wall Ss fas7" 4 /siss.
2
i thismtnbirAte 110,1011ff' bent, like • loth I.
ra ere b Th l ir i n l' ist - al a re rw: °'d mid'
sII
llehYl sit%
Like the b:s ir st; from a rosary of igokl r - ' ' I
remanber, the wood, and the mmualng dein I
' • Hid down in the shade in Ids lonely grant, , I
• the sighing snit of a demist); byre ' ' 1,,
-"lfeath the sable kid of a ''s rat I.,
_ _ ' 1 ,..,,_ 1
remember the bowie, which on riottos, s I
11
And ti e waving Diciest of the say lain— s
Alit the Mee. will teen Is theicaddens still, "
But they'll never had in my heart ~ ninth— - I
remember the broken atones and stases I
Of the shur ehdard near d th e child asleep,
Vie Ask enem f ilmy, theA n yht og lei rats&
And the isacy,srldthcaissed mg to ,ioy and weep.
'1 L 1
And oh I I rislntsei th e Moist or '0 ,. 1 . - ` ,, , ,i - 2
The last hot /asp of his s wy d, I
And the born e coldness, which pee o fall
i
On the =muter sky and the annimer la d,
When I bade biz tolgo to his home afar i
And shook his lanlie from my rorvolfel , heart, ,
As the night-might have shaken * Maitre env
Yr= its dark, or the stoma a Illitning dart.
And I know bmw Oki worn fines *ypretionale Up
Followed him on toward " the spiens away, ,
de the tempest will Inflow; a flyinipablp s '
' I Toward thesis's! .F . of en melee Ti' ' ' .
Or ILLV arrow a swift, fight bird to* ,a neat
lln a la th s grows. tls over erne, I . 1• i
And .I am Wows—and peietuusee it Is,bisto.,
1 With a 'viewless Tail on my pallid growl.
I 'shattered my heart on his beauty. arset
'As a billow shstteSs alrtwi•llned shell , i
I •
:
On actual We, and the made did pap t '
From that heart, In a murnerons Bloat fartheil, /
Like a moan from that shell. But his Memory yet:
As pale and troll aa the ghost of • dr, i'
Drills Ortft my bosons upon a regret. , S ,
Like a Shivering Prep one wild, di t r s r'
4 1'•1 L, , ,
nd oft In the middle f night, as of Old
I call his tame and think be will ear,
And tangle my hand la Ws singlets lids .
a i r
And wake • and dad that he Is not ear ,', - -
"'Mil the loveliest to r ellness still MA rise, I
O'er the teems f M whence he va Ishii of yore,
But suds red curies:pipe and suds v let l i ra
rise s
, I RBI never heaven on earth any m se. ,
Nov I think of a thoniand old thin and swat,
Isl i
1 Or a:theqsand visions kir-sr...ad van. i s
And theft silvery wings do glitter and
bell
1 To the dim; slow Wound of the twilight..a
A think of the blossOms blown purple and red,
~Of the :snots Modnlight'aglimmeelni fall,
and—end--of altbitutand sweet thitgs Illuive t
1 But ha was the steeliest among th m aIL 111
. 1
, L I 1 ~
ell, vrn dreatiOng too muc h. Ile'aln Mayen
But lest he Is changed In the Infinite bliss
; , 1
fancy the Glory which burns on his Inv
I Will 114 atone for the los/ of my Isla. i' '
And that oft when he !mks ithro' the radiant ha
I.
1 , Whose' splendor divides the earth and thelskl,
Be thinks there's nip pleasure In reading;, star
1 Likii he
,used to And in reading my ey .I • ,
'
I "
And a something of 'Eden la 'everywhere :
1
; It smiles In the gun and slogs in the t;
But the eonvent.gst,' of a Stpuy despair ...I': I
- I Ain shutting the beautiful world trom is 1
I
• 'And they tell me thPt Lovell,' tilling with lighl
• The 'rip which he left in 'my bosom's steel
But we do not see that the 'isiornitig i i• hldgl
When It takes the angels away from al
stat
. 1
; • , 1 r•; -.. , • • ,
'l. . EPOR.IIIII MIN E .. . Jqvitire
r ; - ;; . .: ::; ; P -;.-- • i
' THE. PATENTS CIitiRTED nil
Mitratin „Entrees :—ltre proiree.gliing Ye;
. • ttni'of the tituriber of pit - tint, granted . d
• tate+ Government to her ritlitenadirring4;
tut atomise..lron Ikarein the loventive;!
et
fro geeatAfelaio*Pi Of the ga ntry—Free 1
ay not In inappropriate. I -gathering. t
eta we shooed bar e been pi sed to ha
• umber of venial; granted to, the alintell
real te, the number grented e lo the Free E,
as notlheeti an=and In end roiling an t
1 1 4
e moat sit it down eiranoth‘ r of the m
1 nd, ;..o.pAu,ning_weings ;Ito 'eyrie -
rs
:leeery;iingende and props stet.
The Arlen' ng le a ei*npiete id o f the pa
n 185illto tiny own citizens : ' I ,•
I
ji • , Aka
Patents giekrted th 41il Free
e .' !. Slave
'r. • ' ! D. C.r,
- t r • r ,
, iHI i I : 6,,, ,
ELM= a Sever of )tree Ste i .
1:. • : I ~ I. 1 ;• . Fire - . Agar. ? ' I
trtil:lif.4atell• to
t i ltv ' e S etlit, 1. . .
. eea''' - : , Il ''.11it,,..H 1
: "..--r sL DLC. ar S" 1 1-1
.7 5 ;irlettinotts. ,
tents glinted •to Pre* Statell. . . .
.. , • 6', • : ...late State s ,
• .• , ',' i DC., , i
•. , 1 . I. t•i ', 1 'i '
1 fivel, I:
en" In r. et Free States.l
. i rnereg •Appiect. `
. ' .il .." . I .
a z te eres "!b[ I gr rt a tt! "in eee t 7e:T r :ve r."4". s s ta sta t t : ll4 - .'
.:', - I._.miwriil .
Patents g runted -.to .Free st...t.
.- - “ - i 'itlave Btat4
•'.i ' !.: 'D. 0, ':' II
Eaten in fever: of Free Stet
- and 61
Patents palatal tn'Free Stat.
I
•I" 1 SLIM* ti •
Exeess In faeorir!! Free State'
'4' t ' Naeiga
Patenti gradted in:Pm Bbit
' " , • 'ld• " T not
"
I 1 N• Pixie sea P.
.A: ; iD. C.,
“
;
I ' • • - '
;Dieesi In Dim' or Free Stat
iit,atheataticat:f
Patents granted to Free Sta
I! : Slave S
P
1 • ' "
1 •
- '
,Exceis Tor eve
; ' • t o g ag
iratents grointad ,to Prime Slat
I - , S
• 6.
Steen l 4 fneoi oil P'ree Sta
r '
'Patents granted tp Free Sta
; Slave lito
Raceme infaeor SI Free Ste
' I iikframlies
Patoots grtnted Free Sla
"Slaie
' " • • r /Lei
$ : • •'I
to u,
E x e en in Prior Of Fred Sto , 1
..... ~ Lacs ,. ';dioi", J
ratintigraoteor to Free Stn ' ~. i" 1
~ 4 I. : t• ;1 i!, Slate At^ , ili I
_.'
J . Excesi In rotor or Vivo Stetoa.! H !.. :
• • : • ' t Cririding liii** ;
s ratentigianted to tree Statei, 1. ,_ !•
1‘• , , . " M. . r., noir !a Free Stal
7 . r Slave Staten, :
" 4 :! :"! I'•D•C-k
•
; ;1, • . ; • ' • • v'
.
Ekeess pi tavitof Ytpe Feate's '
: -
Pitotift.granted to FrE44 States. ,
ISAYStx ,} tes, :'ll • I
-1 1 3,Xes1 in taln;4'Fine . Sta b
: d 11 (74)1
ents gitahld to Free Stars. I
, 1. , I - -Blave States,
'" D-C "'' HI
irj.em' •
In (aver of Frei Statifs,
11 ;, Leather,
Patents granted to Fire Stat,o,
vie *. Slave States,
Idscess in favor of Free Stet _
' ' .11. t tfoivy 1 :
Patera granted to Free,Sta43,
.• 4t• Feeritrith
• ' 11.!
•
.D. C., I
. .
iicess ,
la favor of Free States, : !
, Fibrous aild're3tde.
Patents granted to Free 81443, ,
1 k" ; I Stare 14.1 '
I 1 " ". I 1 •
1 I •
-1; „ I I 11 ,•
Elleas In faior . of Free litalle„ I I I .
!finder tile hued mines thi rotten giO,
k.e.
e l: us seiboa She &iittlt!lett Pow
oeri, nts. •• I 1; I'
'nest all of-the g States;
t41[141 en; improrements ht t r ;cotton;
fbr reducing the labor la t 'llanipul
orally; a machlite solely need In the
anyttita,3. the hllentlee geatued-og
non should shoal a satanically 'oval'
Lit tu tee4rhallifiteloetnints ay:
rekn granted to Wm 81+44
Cotton eta,'•
- • I . FUT! , I I , du.
Excess In fator Of • Free S fates,' • ;
, .
Thole patente Were thus ifiltributed :+••••
1; bliss, 4; Cola" 1; A11..:4 Ir, , '
1'; I
I Improvements in the Inc; ms , tltie a,
Fa.,*; D. 2; Conu., - 21 $
• '
.I . •
TY PE
'1 • •
.1 •- , - j - I • I . ' 1. i 1 I k
a: Wall4a6:i MS.,: ;. &11., 6; onto, `t; N. 4.'1; in.
&-to 411,94 pktants grisitekkiloaltof whicat leaf' /0 the '
awe* &Mak ' 1; I • • , -''
• _ ~4 - Cievidaa /tocsins. ''•
ratistim elm.' to row storm, i . lc"
- i - . , sioo. . ' -13
44 a', D at' s . I 6 1 .
''' i , • 4
.
/gesso lb bier of Mato, - , 1 - '' 9 /
r*tettailineld tO7n4 Btato. _ , I - 66 "
1 1 'III - • ,II --
I k 4`, , Ns BtAtas; ~, , ' U '
4 • 1 14, , 11.1
„, _
i r
.. I
G
~` .~
-pLeies in Ptitie of ,states, .; ! • •.- •. ~ .163'
' 1 i- c ; •; • ..- L , ; ..•,- ‘ i, ! l,
Patents ! , granted to Fees Statue,' ,` 1 1 • ' I '.^. !* 4W
.... * I •
...."
—. ""1i •• D.,11. •'. , 1 , • , ..! • •-•.!;„3 i ! I,
, ,I. - • ; • • -,- .—;
Stater, ! i
', /hems In favor of"lftm , , : - " .1316
A whorl recupitulati*and we willchase this neelari.;
airily picture. • In time comparing the 'inventive puffin
of the Free and Simi Staten. the proof of which *as not
obtained witill after Jong, careful, and We ,truit. uniirw,
Judieedj rellitl l 9l. tit ,Mich Freedom, not .onlyi Ph7 11 1". 2 _ 1 11,
but Mental, social -milk intelhetwal ftwedomlMl4°,l.:•
mates so gristly ' ark 1 , 1 ! Viten' of Slavery, as well ot•
; body ; ei of mind, misstate among the t 'poeullar instills,
Dons of the' outh, V. have no *mum ;The Meta;
witi l ua
hare bitsu given to t • world from soother sour* and;
We have only ! to. "Mit, read and Investigate , tiktuntier!i
Stand their import, - :1. ;• ; ' • •!• , ,
. Out cif gi s Patents
,teti fir improtements IhtiMilo4l.
ton ctr l twelve w Dad by the Tree-and alai by;
the Stave States. • Thei °owing, machine, its appiloation
d
!weinitilog' to the +q o Merles' !number oinhabitanis—•,
bettor Aqua% distri throughout the 1.14016 Oillllo l
• tri;24 l -.Fateullik we , . 'n oted ; out' of this atimbei 90
went to the Frio and ;to Ms Slave ;States.: Virginia
and the District of Co ;pintas each hiving reached two,
Agricnituiral. im prove ments for ',bleb' patents were
granted. reached the ids figure of 632; ! of which 99 61- ;
her, 4,t ) wore *waled! to the free. 76. to the - Slave Stites,
' and 3 , the. D; C.. !Mitosis the States these patents Wei*
„ut
I ffns ,
thUa distributed: N S '2.4 112; Va., 10; Ohio. 92; 51d ,12'
; Ti.,•,51; Hy.. 9 ; iiii ; 73; misg.,;y; • Ind.: 30 ;;Mo. .4;
27; t't•C•i 6; ,-, &CO; Hieh.l2; Taxa*, lii,
Tann 5 ; Vt. 3 ; IL .9; It. .1,12; •D. C.; A; Wils; 10;
Via. : "NV, 4 ; ette. b llst the ingenuity of the no°
Ste has, been FUMY tett to dilemmas much as possbl,
•• hi. Itie lahnr hereto performed manually, that of the
South Lai - WO's° a ultified sad abandoned; for } the
easier performance tit. the ,variouv,;..prociesees through
passes which cabin passes .f the time it Is picked, tip to Its
United at a ;Northern . Port. The planters are lodstoted
,toNci•thorit Yankee; I unity." • And the farther South
we gt i the! more et rent- becomes 'this , bet,. While,
' proxi ityin freedom nenesem the vat -of larids.(Suin
ner's!sysieCh) so a '; o perhaps a gnu ratio. ' it feast
' equally, proportio ns ~doep It increase t ski and in
vention.. Thus piod tig *generous e tattoo betersei
• the planter - of. the So uth and the free laborer ; of the
North. - J - ; ; '• .1 , --L I ~ , , _ ---' •I; .; P
• Let as sea , how Hie'Patent• Newts . prove this. 11Vit.;
reeviied ihr igrictelbiral improvements 19 patents: S.
C., i i l ii ilt m y. 9; ; Temis, 5 ;1914202; Ga., 6 r_Del44; - 11110;
.NI 9 ; Ala.; 5; ID. 0.; 3; N. C.,2. Sere we see. that
• Va.. lend 7 more Patents than.S.C.,'lly.,4 mon than
••• Tesai; Hit, 6,more gull Oa..'Del., 3 more than Ifila.;•
liira4 4 more thin Alle.; N. 0, 2 more than, the D..e.;
for which she,tlmEripi, Masiderinetheleztant of ground
. occupied by each; sternal honor! The comparison , bei;
tempi the genins and towhisedattreneee of the • meoPie
of the Norte, and Ai stay indoleime and languor of the
South. presents *Mid *tune'. In the one we sew the
evidincear ofeWe ti tidal thought and observation; *ft nee
• atria and happy Pantie meting - harnionlonsti to reliev e
bet e
each other of cum • burden.: I .this warm heart Itha
•
teat ;for others ercies. t ! The colthei side of the•pirturiline
, cents a sad ' , *ono yo contemplation:god on 'Which let
silence drop'her mai' 1;, ' • • -.:- -, ; r
' During the saute , Mir, Zi2 Pstents Were * granted- for
Improvements -In 1•.1°., hold furniture, eta„ and *Ate
' dish itated. among tho several States as follows :—N.IY.:
; veer ie4 177:- Va.. II:, ,101ffito, 35; Ala., 3; Pe., 33; Mi1.,,11
- C0nn.,29; 51043; ;IbillitB3; Da.;2 ; 111.9; ity.,l; Ind.
1 t 3.-1.1 t ; N. C,. 2 1 ;' D. t).,6; Del. I ; eta, the D. C 4
being °parents sheik cf N. C. fai howiehoid imprOvec
:meta;4 the fatter Iris 2 shoed of the former in agrleiti:...
•• tu 1 ' iVnyemental.llThe came - stagnation , however, be
again o ivakte in ilielaouthien Mind,' -•' • • •.;
' 1 People of the Soutbitits Slaiimy after this exit:lll,Mo°.
wait beneff rialto you than Freedom? Freedom enal:44
mini 'to tin in the piele. of being. and lake his iambic,'
among thole - whoa* great as thiokirs and , Invent:Ora,
t i
wri s arid- acholl .111 Slavery reduces; him . to a state
of bjectorim,epatti and ignorance. ; ' 1 ., ;: ,
'Ltd nalruat that Any is totter distant whin the
tw gii
- foul blot of Slavery w ill be effectua ll y ' erased from Our
'fair!andbeiutifullydiversified couutry ; when any man;
be' lie blacker white , can say with. hire. Stotire's hetcs,."l
am ha free span iti Tor breathed • heaven ` s free air;
the° will dissect:sip ' and turmoil among bmthere of it
common ;01otttry,,e ie. for the Mum shalt be removed,
, and we iwili.bs a of; universal Mahe/hood. :
.1 I ,
Putints, A ?MON% . „ .1 W. w li• -:-.:
' ; .1 I . I' I '..
i
I
•
• ". seeded.
the United '
e year laStii
.ialas of ,the
afd Slawe
titer thigi
!hood the
og; Stat-s
ea but it
• ;the eaitae,
;of abases
o .!Atrierleaa
~- , - , . -i ...
AtiOittryt , Loten4on, , (tempos ration .ot
th e Pe s o i ' wa s.leade iri Philadelphia, ' on
[ Pei ,;,• -,
Ircins4ny; evenin 7eek...Thfily#nds Of:people
. went to the meO ng in al serica of torchlight,
precessions, ani !the' greatett:enthaftiasmi pre
veiled. Speectieis! were delivered, by Ron.
John Povode, Head W.A.. Howard,. of kic.hi•
gan, Hon'. F. P. Blair, of ifissonri, Hon; An
sop - Burlingan)eli , 4 , Blaseachnsetta,'Hon. 11.
Ai. - o-otr' p Hon llf tifin A. Bingham, of Ohio,'
: Hl:di . J. 13. Mc4 sin, :of New York, Hen . . '4-
'jily fcrrit, -ILA.: P. W . . 4ellogg,l'of *ichi- i
grin, 'Hon. 'Jetirl l e i Alley,' of Massachusett s,! Plbn." James ' H.l anibbell, Hon: Hobert _No
-1111
,4Oight,*nd oth ie.! We have ;only apace foi
3Pr. Covecle's,re atlks, which are well worthy
NE!
, r
'123
8 ,
2
EEZZ:3
1-
113
, 40
10
1
- 11
. - .
liens: i, gannet talk: to .4nons than the one--
1, esperially *oder the protest oft e N
fini eel-
Totted; te* (Laughter .) - , Butt
Inantle.:;
i
7 clain4y that it is to the masses t at,/ OM;
;tat, miff tol you, gentlemen. that him ',aim
t in the gonewil government except al it,
'ecgin g :ii•goiad. You have noindividuahor
s to ser 0, eteept Neter as they -may'accord
lie Why, then, should a PaaPlara9o'.
iii are: follow : en ' administration oat step,'
II right? Why mime in a reekleal erm ,
i fret 4 and in favor of -shire' torah:lyr;
and stare institutional Why justify this;
-Aitininitiration . in y attempts to force a slave esti:oil-1
. terlion upon The po le of Kansas? Why allow Its lead.;
• Idg agents to dente the Treasul be Indirection ; under 1
1 wirerof jobs and Co tracts: pyl wilulent mire and pm.;
!.c see, of property ; tsar as irbil :aloof Fort Siiellhail; the
piitchase Of Willett'
,roint wad the Pennarivania Bank?
.Gentlemen; there is o other reaatin than party Uri and
iplide hi iiiarty me n:. - l ~.: 1,.... • , ! '-.•
1
I i And ibis lathe 1 t Idanger cif our • repubiK I The •
'boniest sailor often maths in the:old ship after the rata
hevieaten into DA tiold;and the drprot has penetrated
its side. 'Bo honest i'mert anacling -to party. alter its
rinciples,are all einingvol. an it:vitality has chiperted.
~.i l lis nos of the triell aof 1 trad to take in.nld'easki With
e iinpirteir's And Custom house branch upon; It. and:
A er a:fretting:front it all the:pure wine or brandy, to;
...all it with a poison° Sia rempound.of drugs andfwitisky. ;
-Ahd Pass' It off for the!pure article upon the credit of the
;Officlaistamp. 80. - switlemen,; this administration. tide
-.; attempted' to pass or; e miserable hotchpotch or Isiecitno;.!
I.tbolsm,,,Dred Scofflaw,- I ballbt.box stuffing.. and free':
~,,,, estraraiance, and :cerruptlini for pure democracy,
; ob it is bogns, - not plionicie. It is a charm of national']
,t °able, worse than the witches' cauldron. ', - ,-,; • : ; I;
1 I think. centimes* this Admlalstrat tort could lbe min.,'
' victaid under two or the criminal! standee of our !Hetet;
. tilrst: tOr fsliely persOnating another; and secondly for l
obtaining cards or - real talse..pretences. - - (Laughter;
1 111
Ind aPPlause.) It leaky pennnetes,the old deumemtle
tarty. ; blinetenttis I' an Administration epaschis madel
vop by ellolling t,hai inc*ntperty, lie rulers its achieve;
- manta Ind its greatiineria and then.the speech Is eh:wadi
hilb OM Modest lasiumsloll,;"We are the 'demoeratle;
Party MI : If you 113 laokiktime leaders of the 'Modern':
demneracy, you Wilt hnd ;Buchanan, TaneY,TooMbs,rinid ;
; till lately, Stephens iti Its lead ;in -the great &Tailcoats!
lif the, gorernment. I Would *deli men as them ever hire.
1 n: placed at lIM heed , of Jefferannisn • demotes:* l ,
.!
hi, *VA daja; ond can scarcely read the -Beet:ration
r
~ fl Independence inithaintri , without its ' being inlets-7'
I -n; ear a RepotilhAn sposAr. !. literary, eachaysiminee
nitiorruptlon are itbe ,watehmitals of the modern dos.
II IlitleravY," histead,,olt freedom. and- economy. Think pf
; #effersonAttemptin a o bete la ilave . constitutionAmon
i a peoPla detonatee to bevyfrei constitution; and
.1. when (ores had bri be'ln that !Mist:mt. think of' hm re
; eortioglit bribes Wild thrtesti: rhink:, of Jethowei 'il
lowing tile BoforetniCourt to frame 'tor him his politieal;
Think
inreariag allegliece toltiiim in advent.. .6—i
iThink of.Jelf,ereces :pending sixty, seretity,eighty snip,
la inityiMilltons a yivir, and so etereislog his power's tel
komip .the legislative deportment: of the' governMent.
f think of _Jefferson tiaming all free laborersas the "Mid.. ,
I"'aii 4"j:it:society, and building; Upon their backs a Inver- •
;J . rtruetute In erliceeidrawingdonms the masters of slaves..
a mauldlisponse.theiloney of th is people! lica, "'entce I
.1 *I1V:1;i Jefferson in Ja ckson hare been dethroned howl
„the;democratle reed l: and John C. Calhoun hair been
'aised ha:their stead.' Bela now the idol of the .4:duilli.;
, htration 'partyyani the vagaries of his acute- intellect'
have become the ,a twisting IniPulse of the 'whole Ina- i
.. ; ihinery of the de nt' ' Be party.; , - ~ • . - . 41
i V uid that ibis almintahation bail obtained imirif 1
/ cm
• Ander Woe pre .- Bow *ix it Mr. Buchanan ir
, 1 • • • 11
teterf.
elestedt It wan n the ptanslblesloctrineef squatter
sovereignty—pros lined in the! Cincinoetl illatforei-ri
.Ipnieliimed day by y .In • areal! form , ,that the people'
Of Alums should °left perfectly 'Bee to form and reg-I
Inlet* their own do ' ' tic Inatituffionain their own wry,';
're right of the' 'le of a state to regulate their Quill
' • affair! has Dina' olsed by, every eon ,- It is' a dos;
,trirre older. than lb " nstltution itself. ' -It wale right!
;that - wirer was sus " _ red by the Btatei in formleig the;
• /federal eompaet. - 1 •!" h i • .: c • ~ —!, .1
! But tbe power; e Congress peer ,
s"
territories.): AC 11
joie: RS the constitution , arid isle:sakes" terms con rerrydl I
byit... But. the newer propounded thus to °rarer
. that slavery may ' exclaided;and free labOr and 'freed.
InititUtione pre y tln Our western territory: theAc'.l
knowledgird pane Of I Beate I must be conferred ;moo* I
the, territory. • .Ttri gentlemen. was a new harentlon,r!,
• political baby in 1854. ;rlaituhtev4 .It wee edit,,,
cii
}two years Old ei
; i!t wee Conti:anti:l to its -ba c helor
oures [renewed la ' ter], mid the folly of oanidoinff
euiti a, poor weak Ding to !oche nurse was soon Wide
manifest.- It wear :tided ores to the iinpterne C oUyt, CI
.4,1. 3 dt,i , whonliere alavebolders r and there It raw(
mangled ! end tor* ntll General Cass,lts putative &Mar.'.
Wield lebt Mel' 'MI-remain:. ' ( Laughter ' Mad 'efal
i plainer.) I .; . . i [
I - , Thi Supreme oo rt deci d ed Wilt Centre,* bid AO *
roarer 'to exchideavery from the Mnitory, mod - that
the people had no ch power; that a slareholder effialli
, lake his-slave. In an y of the territories of the United
1 States.' in spite of bit whh at the peOpla , Multi then;
1 begrimes 'of await • eoveralipaty,
; what of the , right:of . -
1 therSmilia to ruts. iTet,;lbls BftstUd right; for iebkhai
t .
sacred compact W train pled i nto** hist, ned-to:**-111*
: which the woundtl of the past mem • reemened,:redlacris
itself to this : tha the people; la forming* nail f fitatik
may exclude,slaVeri froilithieletaidat. • : - : .-- rl ,
"lint how ? . Bilitilleg. the; Vilna Of devil: livonght
, eisork them the will Of. th e plogdef : /slid WO.
feast. to Which On I druseVeratis 'hien& were Invited in.
1156? Did Lab e]'. alt.thik tetrlnoll.aalt Make ell
. these Diciest* to matkeshollikerinabsidatat
ag il.
Indispensable 'ty 1 lii the Ihrmation.of new
:Stalest ;We wet:lilt** pireddletlies of *IMMO su " 4 * .
tipped by ii. thnivil ore** tiotirprombe. They offered el
.'p otriblUen by th 'people:4lMM ten itory,and .thei Pi -
:promo Court lot us nothing but the'pairer of sisal -
itkt.andlintil th Is *itemised makes slavery rare .
116*Wits this. ' doctrine' iem•es 7 • What mils tim
/.
L
!fry iha /Inchon nd the leaden ofi s is -pang. w °ire
' lIPS atErceilll'bi rbig..witb ,lbe prai r‘f popular isi* ,
erritlill? ' :l1r! li anan;Arith a f ilk knowledge If
whet Ltd: dockside! istoutd ~be,,l yielded' allegiance In Id'
' ..
! ' ! 1 :, 1 I '-: -:;, !_ 1 ! •.!
• •- --, i `; 1 : l'
ZS
1. 107
10
1
.
3 zogra4. ,
. I I
I 1, 1
I
I la Praia'Sta
93 •
2 •
95
lb
It
==l
11El
1 2 16
1 I ,--67
r t
matacg.
MEI
i 12
'B5
, 1
es. 1
I I 1
j 11;
I
113
77 1
- 1 18
• 160
19
141
/
1 , ,
i - 11
s u g
I 242
18
'..165
ihteblne,
pplly their
I
I tame
lat of
tb.
• at
w! •
- meit pat
'machinery
cotton ipso
re Meth
• • North:—
.0; Iltasw.,
1 Teas,
follnvirf
,36; 31..,
NSYLVANIA. I
NO.. 27..
-•
atittcal'
~ i
i
, '; ', -B - • - - 7 i Ars . d-- - i
~ I , - • _ , 1 1•, , iv
STE - NTINUOfFICE
~..!iirdigir--itlasilto•f•it•ifte.**4.4.
, Axeclits OlamiNWE of inett#Nitrvilw
tlia at as ogia. ol4 **talue *inn, euelse toad
it, ept 04 dalsit afiq OM, 4ilitibliso4at he tbit iituity 1
1 '
is
3
) bal4 leire Italero__ ,
1 , - Hand lfira4 •, " ' '
00.. 70149
[ i **ha if eirtelidif. !nal 1 ,
1l a qiirel4. - ' :- 2 °Pkr 4 6 ° 14 , 1
it iiiVnifi thOthOli not TOO& fiatit 01
, 40847 n if
010,11 efiflifiSS 01 . 001 ft art" WM, one. la this**.
thou of thelt"agid,*hml4ll4°,lol4.ore.°37
ii.lobbille• , IMPIt f ' iffethlfi :7 ' tar , CfUllat, Ire fili
gwinustor bar wait to h a ishit air sartliat an b.
"":" " e ia ths dila. italiN G 1re . M1•025 de
kW,
...al . lWlttiotil I ; ; i
H2l LL 20011 1 :iiiiii* ' ' •
' e.*, tioutia.l. wisiy , a,d;ustyk. B l a4k 9041'
of eve', de#criptianr nugget bawd wadi ruled to
r 7 1 .7 ataborkeitt r ,
~.. L . i I
.. .
T.‘ ;-. ..;".1;.; .1:;•-i. ;-; i
{ ---' 1 .. 1
ranee; M4l .very Went& . o bis 4 11 4Welitralloto,.et th e'
word of emenandl maids obalsanat to ibe new I doctdoe
end Joined* **cry of "Rail to ths.iChart, lb. Count •
.catt do bo wrong I"• (laughter and I.mµauta.) I fret om
branch of this 01:11!ellippy hiedlyitut talk . M lb. bone
or living and 4,NrblAbigligicei.lritdlP6o °lrPtVelar ,
~,,r et ir a yi and as mi same thee they, will sanetiou
*talked tMt Cailliind blindly edheihtesperty. oboes •
rest minim emus to hi tha wori ardeateldm 'I
otelevery:,- :.. •, • •-: i i, : ss I.•:- I L .- •
ihat.that part', is Mt wa f t er I* plasisisoing . Übe
higher law of itUrrry;., We Led la ' t -ante* *put' i
it In practice ' Tb. people. of Eames rejected thalap.
Mapes* Conoltutioewbeadolitt did MI inihot7 their
hdl. , It seraidishel *Wren; while they. asked *ionic .'•
lu as a tree State. , 'this reason 'like lb.. people rdested
that Oirostitutiee was the rear let eby th e Ads* ,
ithatk
in wished it adopted, moduli "doer and tabu:
east at this goreensaaVirse",:brobeht *bearit!arry It -
t e rinsghktosrasa , Coadoistirjobedidalet acy llii,• new .
meta, ad - sorts ot appointsneete4ersay hollows,
that cotruptkin could &Me:was' pat haregelslikei to , '
lime'that odious Constitution fi t tolti a proig people
That l• nay not be charged ad , sisegorathal, ho m.. '
road ea ',strict trout dm Chicago t0., ! ,,-
0f Use 17th or ~
*seek{ laticialeeding deuroarstle , ,of the north- .
eta, written bl. Use editor :of *at r',orldie tai[
Washington': : -. .- i i .s
rpt i i
I
W. stoo4 In the great city, Iles darn to t h at igiet '
period new though to *stilly ua that and poll*
cal deprartg i nevor had make berried al It billow reap. in 'the ersl city • Okla sie homed jest as opt*.
nas,
ty 'albite orshoe);.the heat litheided•ist his custom.
ere Oince *is bare tbe rme „ist tb• 'Betiati ante , -
ehatober,:a be Several deparbonoits, mid ottbs litecu• • '
tire ma . and the actual pots to be PalithiaM ogee •
Is in stabile! * named by those , ' bookers so d their - climate ,
its the I price ot.dry, rods is simnel betimes 4 dealer* 1
those" Artie a nd his enstonsere IFrand.relte the 000. •
net and tbo &bate; , The LiebnoPlon triad has been - met
up as another .molten:calt;abd , ' who sOlasentang to
moors
hlp It hare estruptiod ee"; • 1' ,
Kr. Coto& thin pomaded *imams Aka tairevpiti•
and ruinous polisy.'of the daemeacy itt verged to the
Tarig. as dlestrated t o their" be eyob tteeigistil tso
,
sow
Sol
I r
4 bge4 — 4 , I d Pi
It is bailinst . retfibutioo a . tasniitieily de-
t"? 0) 0 1 e any. • •-, •
•-• !the
vo
this
ELI:1
briefly, at follows : F 1! • •' 1
Refusal to ilitnitKanaini.. 11,
Defeat - of Abe Elornesleio liteascre:
Defeat of ile Tariff
• • • • 4 , ••. • •
ppen action for Pistintoe..l 3=•
A l re the people of ani I :4ontieoenee the
eyes 'of the.DemocracYl .!'
.."C4l
i 1 ORT )1 , , '' OR
. .D01:04,
..s ',L.ID.II.BRECRIEN...:
Ulnas.. NO' eandidatn iiiOntliaind - fro in .1, the
Senate harnber, has eve he' ne ; 4tesi
dent`of the United Statettlitit oughi iimanikter
have.; h rc4ofore'been nOntiti4eil. 1 1 , I -
1
-•'. • L '' ..1 !'' , • ! . 1 1
tsallonqf 1. -
.• .• ~, r ...„...5 5.,, 5. . ...,
MAI:IRAM L .Ol, 'l'llg el,tliiSß OF ! ruk Sus, -,
juLi-. 18, 18691-41 n excellent :oiie' li'is been',' ~
calcilintedmodrawn hy sa'Snit ;,-B /i.., of,;
New; York 'Ci y., Mr. Smith in his descnp- i
% Id
tion et Ithe patiit'Of the4.c re nver_ the eitrthi
sayslthat the 4 . enust/4 or partial shadow,
1
of the li tenon, Will' 'fi4t! inel ie 't4o4titti with
the eavailat the rising he h e sun in the north?'"
ern !pert of Texas, het, pen the Indian Ter;
ritory and New Alexi ~ it will then take a!
.northeasterly, and then; routhetuiterly coarse: •
ever '. t e earth ! The /erre, er total i dark i
shado ' of the moon, vrii, first ainiein contact
iwith : ' t he earth iu th e; BaCi fi c ideein 10 0 1
mile }vest ` of the - coa st Of- pregon, directly;
West! of Orgon' t eity, ari, a" ii‘tle' to '3i'm scautb'c'
west of the mouth of the qoluirkt4ai'Rftier •: it
will,; thin - pass in. An a easterly!' direction
_1 .a, , '
erica ! ',...i' • ."
over pritish; A tandson's Bay, i. nen*
Turk, at he Infiniti Of Nel s on' s ' River,.
- er,osiaing; II eul n's Bay , Labrador to Cape s r
;
Chi4l/y, which' will ,be the most' favorati!e.
;pesitilalcan . the 'cOiltiii . 1 for ' ' ' sBs . r . vin k ' ' lO
Totallßciiiise. It !rill tb6n 'enter total 41 1 / a ntqc
- Of,:eOr, passin due eas t. tie'lirly! *with of -
; Cape f'aiewell the sew, !,rn Ctipc l tliciareen•
lind,:eliernth 'sun willi i be totally e/liiisiii at
.i
1
..,1
_. l,
{neon Of ; that lilacei it wi I then !take," curved !,
1 11;n0T,i4s O6 'sputitc4se,•itasi*ig over the -.
north of Spain,!the : 3l4iterreneanlika,;AF •
giers, Tripoll,'Fe i siii',. e; soolhirO4orn c"=
iner.Of*gyiii, in* Ntibi ; ; where it will leave '
the earth ' netilthe!it t ia', a little before ibis ! :
t.
; •
~ 1 ~ _ . 1 1 1 ~',.!•.,;,„„„ . ,,:-. '
;settl i ng of Ine ~suri.iit-
;, pinee. Ane 'pato,
,of ' the ! 'treibr4..in Which t is inn twill be totally'.
leoi Bed; will'Xle only' about 70 tiliWin whitili
whereasthe 4::liOtiritfra,; lo;whieh the autfirllt_
appear: more tii ' !epieeli i'LWill extend
,frOlat;
the 'Gulf of Mexico 2 deg. upon the; opp O-1
t
i'sitit'Oe of fie North i le,,eilistatine of over
; 009 ;Oak& the! tin ' in,lti Pilaw: over!
'the eitith nialce*Weer4Jitta;.thia to ceased
by.t)ie - Siihercsi form ierthtiiii4 If the
.earth, !a" :a alt s'r,fgeettti!)Path!.# the , thi
laralwOuld thehbe a straight line , m 'north-
WeSi to Southeast,' making an angle with the,
eaiun4r. /4 'l7 ; d4. ; .4 . t.a11 pieces apetlt..44l
the Of total. eclipa4 the' i' Sun's ; northern'
liinbwilf be ecliptied; but in Europe ; ngiand, •
0 1
iiela 'd,;Greenlati4lceland, emi'd the - north.:
ern rt of British, Anerin4 - the;sontheitt'
litrib will be eclinaed.7; ! .
it
1 4, , ' ~.,.
11L - C l opp,of thiejetereiting s tiiagr n will be
sent: ' any iddrets,by ended* ostildinte amid '
: tent p iece to• A Smi t h, Po e t O f f ice,
a ' ; I. • P Bth 'I , la -- - ~ ee!,
Station, E, Avenue, New
,York.l Jt will be
an admiraide thing to:use on the day of the
eclipse, soda is , !!Oli.worth Proservini- , ' ' •
IA 'Four , NY iii . • . ''' k —' -
~_ a uu pariah, wor men are , ;
noiir making a second Wart ittr'neover . mien
ty or eighty thousand. dollars werth of quick.• -:
silvai lost by the sinking of . the clipper
in OWL ship.!
Flying .Datchmau,l . • They,are-meet
tog With:much; succeis., hmobg the relice r ,
Wittr they ; have already_ recovered is a large! ; \
da -Marble slab, Measuring - four feet wide`, ‘,
and eight inches thick. ' l tt, was destined fori
the_ t 'Washington' , National 1
r bearkopon its face ) the followMg inscription . : 1 ;
"Theillieers of . 0o unibia; Toolomne County,' ,
California,o fernia, from their ;mines Lbw:Father of'.
their. coantrY t •Juliptill 1859:" • Uport: each
' 4t" ette four corners the surfuceis cut h star,
and; leach. star' is; beautifully : inlaid, i; with' ,
specimens of gold; iinaitz s iock.'„ It ii in await-
be' Hint state .of preservatme, the polish is.
t'naitting perfect aoltrithstsuditig . jt ;halt been
lyingat the - bottom-of - the: sear in; forte feet
..ia r, since febittery, 1.851%. : ' ,•' •- ' ; ; •
. ..
APPROPI
1 e iC KM , }'' , N 4 — PC ln gre BB has aro'
troptiiated $ 400,000 , ,furnish, the ,citizen
'sohltery of the different States; with the le
tonie‘kg
intProved' fire' Now lei us gee if
at' B,
_riSade „will " !re' what it has, long
...° 1 1 4 . 'int . = iIL
~ T 1 11) :,
y v .r. glll . A•riali for' instance ,; of 4 14
Thi ' til, as tnetitioris e corps, ;in iegaid to
driii,l efficien'ef sod' irit; as there is the
St 4e, if o ldfashioned,
eta lases the` i u nr e liable
flitit•lock tnisket, because I it, ea gut UO'llet.
at t ch
te4 Come idle :i-Genenti Wilson; can't
9 0 ,1 1 do something °r , th e r e 1', 3 , lll7os ,
lino, and thus so '
,the ho,por, 'SI - maOur
eoecessor ? ' ~' ' I • ,' k;:, 1, {; . ~, .
p.sAix'AitocT.4—liiidreitit e *liirge OA;
neiltrl St•Jliottist of Tuesday , i t/Mt workmen •
thought they' had COMe ,Ik6rOilit sat-serpent, ' ,
so ilottlly did something reitlr its', head and ful.
tionsly lashitit tail! 1T Wes eoteethiag in
lica
di t • hoe sure enott f chl..a hiaelrenalce ass fed
/gni/ 'He was, als4 owing to the
lab tidance,ertheksh . be had fattened on, u°l-i.
le them tw - itity:threeiti aldereatteieumfer.
art l eej The .iatiquished itionstti,!wis ornivet
efli in - trinmph ta the f,itex' Sefee e; where he
is 4 uove:' ' . 1: ',- - :