TERMS OF 'PILTBLiCATIqpi, On the Cash System.. .... - 1 —_- . Th,e*Miners' Journal will after theist of. January jaw, oe published on the following terms and condi . 4rons FOr one year, .-- , $ 2 00 ' Six months, IT , ... 1 00 ' - Three months, -/..,. , 50 - ;Payable semi-annuallntil advance bythose. who ro,_ 'side in the county- - -and,..annually in advance bylhitse ?who reside at a distance, 'l,_ : irr Nd paper will 6e--sent unless - the." - suliseription ii paid in advance. - Fivedollirs in advance will pay for three years -- subscription. . . ltr.Papers delivered' by the Post Rider will be charged 25 'cents extra.' • .- TO ADVERTISERS ..---- . - • , Advettisements not exceeding a square•ni fir - rave .Ileek will be charged $ 1 for three insertions, and 50 i cents for use insertioni. — EivelniMreir - under. 25 cents . for each insertion. Yearly advertisers will be dealt "with on the following terms: -...----- One C01umn......$ 20 I Two squares, .....$ lO . Three-fourths d0....15 One do. ... ....6.. 11a1fc01amn,.......12 I Basinss cards, 5 lines, 3 , All adVertisements must be psi for in advance tili 'less an se.Count is opened with th advertiser, The charge of Merchants will be'sloper :tannin, with the privilege of keeping on, advertisement not 'arceeding one 'square standing during:the year and , ,inserting a smaller one in each paNr. Those - who occupy a larger space will be Charged ep . Notices for Tavern Lidence, S. All notices for Meetings and proceedings ofrneet .ngs not considered of general interest, aqd many oth• sr notices which have been inserted heretofore gra 'tuitiously, with the exception of 'Marriages and ‘,dtmths. will beeliarned as advertisements. 'Notices ofDeaths,, in which7.invitatious arc extended to the 'friends and relativen of the deceased, to attend the fu neral will beehamed as advertisements (...-! • 1 q, PEEIODICA I L. AGENCY OFFICE. .1111114-iiub.criber has opened, a PeriodicdrA gency Office i i connection with his estab lishment, and is nitv prepared to furnish persons residing in this, pi ce with all he MAGAZINES -published in Plulhaelphia, New IYork,'-Boston, and 'Washington. al the publisher's subscription priees - , , FREE OF,POO'AGF, t by leaving their names at the office of the Miners' Joorpil i . Persons ie. siding in the neighborhood, and p thdeountry, by subscribing at this Office for publicatio'ns, 'will have them mailed at this place regularly and the postirge will be only for the intermediate dis.. lance. 4 7 The following are some of ihepublications is. sued in Philadelphia, New York, Boston and WaShington. . , . • "HILADY.I.IIIIA. Codey's Lady's'Hocili, G(1111111rOP Magazine, ladies' Musical Library, World of Fashion, . . Young People's - Hook, lottell's Museum of Foreign Literature and Science i -i, ' .. NEW YORK. Lady's Companion, linickerlawker, ; r Hunt's Merchant's Magazine. ' BOSTON The Boston Miscellany, Robert Merry's Museum, WAStiIINGTON liemocratic Review, COLD WATER MAGAZINE "• This periodical will be issued monthly, in the same style as Robert .Merry's Museum, with plates, price SL-- per annum. The Prat number -is now issued. Any number supplictrfree of post age by applying at this office. Subscriptions also received fur the Dublin University Magazine, "" $4`,00 -Bentley's Miscellany; . 500 - Blackwood, 4.00 Christianj'amily Magnzine.t- 't,l 00 All - delivered free of postage. Substeribers to any of the weekly- publiciiions in Philadelphia and New York can Make - or. rangements to their advantage by applying to the subscriber. AP.NJA MIN HANNAN. Alinetp Jodrhal and PeriadLeal Agency Office. June 18, 25 COUNTIERFEITERS 9 DEATH-BLOW. /VFW public will please obierre that no Brandt-ell' are genxine, unless the box has- three label's aline it, the top, the side and the bottom.) each containing a fac-simile signature of my hand writing, thus—B. BILANDITETIL M. D. These labels are en erased on steel. beautiflilly designed, and done at an expense of otter $2,000. Pherefore it will be seen that the only thing necessary 41 procure the mepicin e in its purity, is to observe these labels. L. Remember the top, the side, and th • :bottom. The following respective persons are duly authorized, and hold • • Certificates of Agency for the Sale .rThandreth's • 'Vegetable Universal Pi is, • IN - SCHUYLKILL COU TY. Wm. Mortimer.-Jr. Pottayille. Huntzinger & Levan, Schuylkill H yen, - E. 4 , E. Hammer;Prwigsburg. S. Seligman; Port Carbon, James Robinson & Co., Port Cl i nton, EAwatil A. fiutzner. Minersvitle, , Benjamin Helmer, Tamaqua. = Obserie that each Agent has hn Kngthved .Certiff cafe of Agency, containitt!gi a representation of Dr. BRA NDRETITS Manufactory nt SinV Sing-, and up on which will be seen exact come of the new labels now used upon the Brandretb Pill Boxes. Plaladelphia, office Nu. B. BRANDRETII. M. D. , .Islartb Eighth St. Fcbniaiv 19, " .; • B—ly • GOLDEN SWAN HOTEL, • ( REVIVED, ) No. .fi,9 N., Third it., above Arch', Philadelphia Q - BOARD ONE DOLLAR PER DAY. CHARLES WEISS has leased this old-estab lished 'hotel, which has' been completely, put". in- order for the accornmodition :of travelling and permanent hoarders. Isal It roxin it "to business,y renders it as desirable to- strangers and residents of the city.s Every portion of the house has.lun dereone .a. complete [ cleansing. The--nulietary department is of the first order—with good books and servants selected.;) Insure attention toguelts as accommodati i ns for 70 persehs. T hose who may fvor ;:the house with their custum, may be assured of finding the best of fare the best of attention, and, ae is stated above,. very reasonable charges. Er - i Single day, • . L s- Rosin fur horses andvehicles. Also horses, fo hire. • tr_e Germantown arid Whitemarsh Stage Office. Phtladellihta. beeepber,ll, 1841 31:1-tf • EXCUANG E.perr E CENTRE STEEP, ifoTTsynat NEARLY OiPOSITE THE TOWNIgALL.' DARK) ~ ; LAIt , R„-r„r"„c.„„ -,,' • u"': 1 70.1. - rormo; Ir is friends and the travelling •co 'amfunity in[ general, that lie ___ taken the abo vd ut p know . nesta b lonment dfi ed up wtth • now as i.:;;•,, , furniture, and in the best style, for the accommodation of all those who .may favor him with their patronage. The above :establishment, is located in the centre of blai oess... There is an omnibus leavesrlie' house ev.. try day for the Rail road depot in : time for tray. 2itera tolaite the Care for Phtladelfiina. ' P. S. Good AbbrinratttlebCd,witil attentive osf. . era. April 1G ," POTFSViLLE: INSTITUTE. T HE Winter session of this instituticm corn menced on October 26th, and will continue itv.elve weeks exclusive of. the .vacatinti. It is earnestly requested that all having waidsor chit. - drunlto enter, will do so it the commencement of the session, as much of the success of the ou- Ailsdepend upon a prmnpt and judicious classifi cation. No allowance will hereafter be made for abseoce eximpi :in eases of protracted sickness. :TERMS Plain English, branches, 'Higher classics Millenary; C. PIPMAN, A: B. Principal. NAL:Books will be furnished to the piMils al tlrq customary prices when .requested.by the pa. . rents: . Octo'ler 31. - • FRESH SPRINGOODIB, • AVE have just received mid are tirepared to reduCed prices A general assortment of ! Staple and EinicY Goode, consisting of - . Prints, Lawn's, Muslim. Cheeks, Linens, Fancy liantrfs., Lace Wile, Hosiery, ',•Oloves, Summer Whs., Nankins, • Genti.'Sliminer Wier, .r`'' • 1 .131dacbed and ,Uiibleached Muslimt, - Cords,:Drills, Resverteeriii. Tiekings t Lac ? Cs,,Corsetts,-Miner s Wear, &e., &C, .Itrise' wishing to pincluise are invited td call E. Q. do A: HENDELSON'A.:- May 28; • ' • l" OEM WILL'O . PIE ST.REV ,siminnemosimml • "I WILL TEACH YOU TO PIERCE DOWELS OF THE EARTH, .ND BRING OUT FROM ,HE - TO OUR HANDS AND SUBJECT ALL NATUR,H TO OUR USE AND PLEASURE ' MOUNTAINS, METALS JOHNSCHS . . . • vot. xym • - ;C! flit If Ell S' 0 Uff l *l r Mice Lyrics, Ato. Hid thou then notight of feeling. hasithytrow _ Borne always the-same impress —eold as now; Has thy heart never flattered 'neath he spell. Which one loved , spirit cast around its cell; And dost thou deem a haughty frontan hide The living sympathies which there -ab de? Nay !do not thinlcit weakness—it is, wrong To chill the current,gushing, deep and strong, Beneath Our life's cold surface: 'cube soul Swell in , its beauty, high above control; And as it rises on its lightning race. • So should love's torrent flow around its base. There isno danger in the free excessi Of youthful impulse ; it was made to bless Our passage through life's channel —and to spurn Aside the bumity r would'be but to tub . _ Our hearts agrainst the giver—hush cochlear, And lend thy intellect to .passion's car. ...... , Dora there not sweep across th soul a t even, A melody tharecimes as 'were, from heaven? Lulling thy opine from its lolly throne, - Down into tears by its sweet soothing tone ? Beautiful being! Om thou see in this, Aught but remembrance of departed ( bliss 1 ' . The memomof past joys, like a vague dream, nits o'er the sense, and leaves a glory.beam ()flight upiin its pathway; wherefore, then, Should human spirits forma gloomy glen, To hide their feelings - in ? throw off the chain, And let their' forth in nature's world . bgain. Curb not thy feelings, let them revel,free! Twill add, now glory to thy destiny :'. Ana when thitright existence finds it grave, • Beneath Eternity s unlathomed wave: • Calmly upon its bosom wilt thou rest, . Without.one vain regret within thy breast. W __ _ / . ; A Simile. • r [ Extract from •• Thbughts on Temperance."] 83 00 3 00 3 00 3 00 2 00 6 00 I stood upon a rocky cliff that overlooked the bright, waters of , a river. f,is I gazed along the sloping valley, vvatching the meandering stream, I ISM a mighty OAK that stood upon its margin. Its lofty top reached-the clouds, , sod its giant brancheiispreaid afar. - :lts deep-planted roots ran a thousand'waYs, and clung firmly :to the hill: Its 'form was straight and beautiful, tapering like the delicate finger o her I love, and its leaves quiver. ed in the fireeze,l like: the wavy ringlets of the fair maiden. ,it sprang him a genial soil nurtured by, the dews of Heaven, and here and there, around 0 00 5 00 5.00 $3 00 1 00 5 00 - its base, a few away pearls lay half burred in the sandi '1 be murmuring stream w e eteied the ver ro dant fields, and gbding.throogh the Dale, stole flow ers from its banls,.and bore them ion his bosom. • The scene was picturesque and heautiful. The plaintive moan of the dove, and Ole wad strains that breathedfrom the harp of a forest maid, en- tranced the soul with its melody. Delighted, en raptured, I gazed with a melancholy pleasure upon the various objec'ts around me—firet upon the gi ant oak—then through the winding valley, observ ing the river's gentle flow.; now curling and broalt. ing in glassy surface, then melting into-smooth ness. Filled with emotions of rapture, ; l exclaim ed, 4. How lovelyl! how beautiful! i Oh; Paradise! land of bliss ! Long have . I sought thee—far and wide,-thou are here—'-henceforth thou Shalt be my residence—here Will I woo, and White man„” said Au-wau-trash, the savage chieftain, interrupting me, and speaking, in his na tive tongue. 4, how tamest thou here, end what seetest thou I ;Phis is consecrated ground-- r on this spot my - father worshipped, and twice every moon we meeup3in this cliff, that our spines may • commune with each other. " - tz„. I turned. The Indian stood before me. He was tall, athletic', and- arrayed in the costume of War. An arrow was drawn from his quiver, and his bow was slightly sprung. As . I eau& his f • • eye, his hand fell, and, with a firm, . elastic step, he approached. 1, •Tell me, *hits mao, " said he; 4. whet thou beheldest t " An-Tvau-kesl, " said I, cast Your eyes along he valley, and behold that: monument of nature; Its wonderful Size first drew my attention, for its head is in the clouds, its arms spread wide, and it stands firm as the moveless hills." "The tree which thmi seest, said he, "g. was planted in the Morninghf Time. ,It has looked with scorn on the wrathhil hurricane. The burn ing thunderbolt has quivred harmless around its trunk. It 'Stand! immovable. It was planted by the Great 9piiit th guide the Indian while travers ing, the wide, interminable plains that stretched fir beyond ; these .It„hatia:tood for ages, and long since did the arrow of my fathers pluck feath ers:from the eaglii that perched upon the top. BUt mark !" 'tis m i en-day. and era theu:eleepest, its limbs ehnll tremble, its top shall.shske in the clouds.", I looked again.i A hazy mislwaS fast gather ing over the valley; and as I caught; through- the eddying vapor, itglimpse of the ijant tree, I saw it bend to the weight of rx sparrow. 'lts broad top no longer veiled,the horizon. ~ Tell mr:„ A ut a you bash," said I,+" teli me what : 11 3er.;is this ? " 6 1 ~ . Hearing tin reiponse, I turned and NM the In dian descending to his cabin. i • F looker again♦ and the mist had faded in the sunbeam. f I beheld the broad; clear aky , the sur rounding Ws, arid the purlingotrcant. The wild bird sailed on the breeze, and the eagle soared high in the heavens, and searched in vain. for a place of rest, for the oak had fallen! The silent stream had loundla secret channel, and its founda tion: grain after grain, was washed away , . 1 has wiled to the spot ivhere it stood, but. thii current, had borne-it to the ocean, —a Nora traceieft behind, Save'a few reflecting gems That wound the slimy deep." SO it is with 1131111. I 13-W 11 noble youth, the jay of his fattier, the pride of his mother, and-hon orable in 'the °yell of the world. He" knew_ no ill —shunned all mean arid vicious crowds; hut his wanderingelo t , haunted the gesvery bank of a sparkling. atreainlet. He stood like : the oik that dared the tempest; but a secret channel faughed al his firmness; and carried off his kiundatian.• Headef, that stream was Ar.coun $4 00 6 00 8 00 25 Drotass.- - -The Inverness COurier intimate.. that the Yankeesare likely, in retunObr the hOs; pitahties they have showered upon Sr. Dickens, to be repaid ainannar such `as they may not altogether fancy. ;it says: ' r. ..Mr. Dickens„We understand,Tetuins a better Englishman thaU,lhe went; his views of Ameri. can society hava not impressed him favorably with new world, though instances of individ . tialkindness and attention were'shOWered 'upon him in profusion.! The lights and Aides of A merican manners÷the strangely mingled traits of freedem and. domestic tyranup; ofilugli spirit and saidtd•vulgarity, of liberality atOmeanness, which are 'displayed in' the 'social institutions 'and intercourse of,the United States, will afford a rich Geld for this_inodein Fielding, whlOsibestlaurela hive:beim: d Isl.: his comic humor , and hie game moral painting oflife and character," FIRS' AND POTTSVITALE GENMAL ADVERTISM: ,'WEEKLY BY BENJAMIN - BANNAN, po r trsyfiLE, SCITUYKILL - COUN'tY, PA. Tii'llie7Editora or the American Sentinel* ` - '.„At the request , of, many friends who take a deep interest in the questions now peAding be fore Congress, in!relation to a revision of the du ties on . imported) anercltandize,.l:' send - you for -publication an etract of a letter wrteten.to a gentleman in SOuth Carolina, on the 14th No vember, 1830. 1t was : iny opinion then, and am more fully convinced in it since; thatl.he free - trade theories whick,ivere so ably defended by the Southerh writers, were based in errors as re- r gariled the interests of the South, while the ultra doctrines maintained in the Nortliin support of a prohibitory system were equally erroneous as regarded the interests of the North. 'lt has been, my lot to have dccasion for several epistolary controversies with both sides. The letter, from which the subjoined extracts ore taken is one of a very few that are preserved by a copy. ! • Let ua now enquire into 'the operation, for which suppoie thp whole community to, be divid ed into two classes—one producing articles far ex portation, the other producing articles fordomes tic consumption only. The first we call A, the second . B, and the country which buys the pro ducts Of A, and Suppliei' ; its own products may be called F. ,A produces andand exports annually $lOOO worth of articles—B, produces articles fur domestic consumptiorrin the same amount, one half of which. he sellsto A, a;nd consumes the other half' himself. A receives from F s[ooo worth of his products, one half of which he gives to B in exchange for those bought of him, and the other half he consumes himself. , The government requires from ffiese products, a tax of $4OO . and imposes it on the goods re ceived froin F. A Wink the importer pays the duty and charges" B an addition of 40 percent. on the goods -sold to him-each thereforepays an equal share of the tax. But if B is enabled by reason of the duty on the F goods b.aight of A, to sell his products at 40 per cent more-than he could have done with out such duty, then A pays all the tax, which, if I understand it, Is the southern argument. In theL rs t place it ,should be observed that case such a case could not exist unless B is positiVely enabled to raise the price of each of his prodncts to the eXtreme point of '4O per; cent. advance,! in consequence of the tax on the F.: goods. And if :B cannot afford to produce his goods without this additional price, to deprive him of the price, is to annihilate his business and power to render this nominal aid in the concern. Ain that case must still pay th 6 whole tax, inasmuch as be con sumes the whole of the returns received from F. A continues duty of this kind, and the sonic con tinued condition of B's business - not only 'proves that A's is much better, which must necessarily dratv more capital"into it, but it proves great de fect of wisdom to force by such a protection a business incapable of improvement; but if the revenue be necessary, it must be paid by the bu: siness whose benefit will allow it. If B has no supplies. he can pay nothing, and A cannot be relieved by changing the mode of payment Gut hciw is the fact ? B commences at 40 per cent. protection, he improves in his skill, increases in his profits, invites pore capital and persons into the business, and when he can supply A at 20 per cent. on F prices, he pays one quarter ofthe tax. Bo now beghis to aid Ain supporting the Government, and by inviting more producers and, consumers into his pursuit, ho extends the de, mend for A's returns—and at the sem& time re duces by competition the prices of his own pro ducts. You observe that "there cannot be two prices for similar articles at the same time and place." This is true as a general proposition, but, like most general propositions in political economy, it is calculated to deceive us. Let us look at the state of the facts. • B finds a general . duty of 40 per cent. on all. imported goods—he - commences by making those which require the least skill and in which he can most successfully compete with F. Experience primes that this has been done on a large portion of the most necessary fabrics, and that their price is, : now. exclusively regulated by the home supply and;dcniand. I could give you along list of such articles which are sold cheaper than they could 1M imported, duty free. This fact is, not disputed, but is always met by thd - question 'twhy then ask for protection,?" This question, whether answered or not, does not controvert the fact, (while it implies that B is paying, asto such of his business, his full quota of his tax.l , jut the answer is, that as long as B is assured 'Of the home market under the duty, he is not exposed to the injury arising from these revulsions in commerce whereby goods are, Often thrown' out (for a market) at less than their actual cost, whereby he may suffer a severe loss, especially if the home competitor has reduced his profit to a . minimum. It may be said that A ought to have the benefit of these fluctuations, but even he would' find it a sacrifice' to his free trade doctrines, be. cause when B shall be received and his business broken up, the F goods will cost A more upon an average than if he had depended mainly upon B for his supply, which can always be furnished cheapest when the price is most regular-besides the ability of B to Consume the F goods is there by" diminished, and--a greater share of the burden of the GovernMent falls on A. But, to return to your general_ proposition, "that there- cannot be two prices fOr similar articles at the same time and place." Dissimilar articles may, compete nearly as effectually as similar ones for instance: domestic- muslins at 6 cents a yard ate substitute for India gunahs at 2.o—the former are now made ' cheaper than the same can be imported frpm Eng.' land free of tax. The importations of this article from _England, for exportation; areinvoiced at about 4d 'sterling,- [to which May - be added the successful competition in South America by the United States cotton spinners.] The English article is rather handsomer to the eye, but lighter, and made of inferior 'cotton: as the iiihriCxtor vances in price, or rather as the labor of the Man ufacturer increases in proportion to the cost of the raw material, F gains on B find vice verta.— Another - Consideration- induces „Ilie , =substitiition of one article for another 'of different prices, in *hich F has a decided advantageelothe of the same texture and quality, of , wool, finished by . the superior skill W . 4* are More pleasing to the eye, and consequently more szdeable,•aided not a little, pethiPs, .by- prejudice in favor of F'a -rics-but it happens ithat most of ttm lobar be stowed iagiving goods asliglaily finish deterior ate them ; B is therefore, obliged, to, Flips better but less sightly goods at a less price than F. In this ease there' are toil . ); pikes at ilia dada' tune and place, for erticlei that = sr- SATURDAY MORNING, AUGUST - I.3;_ t 1842 - EXTRACT. Eh points 'of comparison. The free trade ad voca t e would say that the consumer should have his choice—but that is not the point; freetratle must ,he reconciled to true economy or the doctrine is false—but I have another answer. The Govern ment must have revenue, and it is wise to tax luxury rather than necessity. ;The tinselled'ar ticle ought therefore to pay the highest I. now proceed to notice the items of e;change hellion= A. and B. and V. adverted to intik ° b e . ginning. The total imports of the United States (or consumption may be' stated at $70,000,000, (1830.)—d these about $12,000,000 are free, and $ .58,000m0 pay a duty of $22,000,000, (near 30 per cent. Of these $22,000,000 about' $8 000,000 are for articles such as ore not made in the United States, and about $5.900,000 for the fine fabrics which are not attempted; although B. produces coarser articles of the same material. In effect then,'there are but $9,690,000 of duty that opmate as a protection to the Jabot of B. -- whiChZin disturb the morieycd relation: between him iend A. Let us divide the business of A. and B. not into two equal parts tes in th'e case_a hove stated, but according tUtheir respective p o w. era n: production. .onr population is; say •12,--- 000,000, their consumption may be put down at $5O each per annum—six hundred millions. Of these loventy millions are supplied by F. in ex change for the products-of A. and 539 millions produced by B. making' the production of A. to that of B. as 7 to 53, and the consumption in the same ratio, now if 53-00 parts supplied by B. are 530 millions, he desires.a protection of 39 p 4 cent. on about . 23,000,000, or as above, $9,000,000, some considerable portion cf which, I may admit, he charges on the price of the products sold to A. A querze intrudes itself hew, which I cannot for bear to put.—ls A. in any wage condition for pay ing this $9 4 000,000 in this - form than if it were laid on teas and coffee, &c., which B. could nut produce. But to c ret urn are find B. supplying 630 millions, of which 23 millions are raised in price by the tax. This enhance is not equal to the duty, for the reasons already stated, viz : want of exact comparison: domestic competition, &c., which ranges me advance on B's. 23 millions, thus furnished at say from 5 to p per cent, no product being advanced to the full extent of the maximum duty; an average of 10 per cent. may ben fair • one, _which on $23,000,000, is $3,440,- 000, received by B. from A. in the price of his protected products. It is noteasy to make any. satisfactory eatim ate' of the amount of tho remain ing products of B. which be supplies at any giv. en rate, lees than F. would supply them; they in clude provisions, stock, agricultural and other im plements, manufactures of ! wood, caiaiages, also, feather, &c., which constittites the great mass of consumption, and are supplied 50 per cent. lower than they could be imported duty free. What ever this difference may be, A. has the advantage of it in obtaining about 7-Bth of hivvrhole sup plies at- a much cheaper rate then he could obtain them for elsewhere, thus enabling him to devote his capital and labor to a more productive business— besides, B. is the chief consumer of the articles re ceived for A's. product., and but !otitis consump tion thus paid for in the cheap supplies he furnish. es,A. must abandon his business toe great extent,. and produce for his own coastlMption, iastead of! for exportation, or he must buy his whiale con gumption from F.; on 7-Bths of which he must pay an'additional price of 40 or 50 per cent. while the greatest possible benefit way of offset that he could derive, would be a reduction of, say 15 per cent, on 23,000,000. The remainder of the lelter c having less bear ing on matters of present interest, I add some. re masks resulting from subsequent reflection. , From the foregoing statements, It appears that allowing the Southern argument w that the produ cer otexports ;pays all the slaty. levied on the re turns," its full force, A. has to pay lb per cent. -on 23 millions of coasumptian, and receives the remainder of it, 47 millions,at 40 or 50 per cent. less from B. than ; he could get it (or elsewhere, so that while ho pile for the protection as above, $3,450,000, he receives a nnumeration in a re duction, say of 40 psi cent., on $47,000,000 or $18,800,000.1 This is not indeed a profit on A.'s business, but if B. did not supply him on -these terms, he must purchase - Mrsupplies where he would have to pay this.sum, in addition to what he now pays, which being Impossible, he Would bo obliged to produce for all his own wants, and lessen or abandon the business of production for exportition. ;As it is, A. receives vast benefits, not only from the market B. makes for his impor tations, but for the : aid he renders in the support of the burdens of government.; ' Let us now examine the question so much discussed, as to who page the duty on imports.— The general theory is that the consumer pays it, but for some time it-has been argued that the pro-, duces pays can also be shown that under a fair protective eystem, - the foreign manufacturer • pays it. - Let its suppose that A. and B. consume in proportion to their prodnetien.• It is clear, al so, that in the mterchange of 'products, both for eign and domestic, the price t 9 governed by sup "ply and demand. -T,ha dui? ea the F. products either increases the price to the consumer, or com pels F. to pay' the duty and keep down the price. This latter operation can only be done by means of the competition of B, who, as he improves in hie art, increases the supply, and consequently lessens the price—whence as B. advances in skill, 'economy, and ; Tower of production, F. must ply more and more of the duties, until B. can furnish hie products as cheap as F. ; which when ben pens, F. must pay all the duties in order to com pete with B. -This proposition is verielear, and if a protective !ystem be moderate, free from hot bed .stimului,ced the pursuits under it be well directed, this result must-happen. If there be a aystein of prohibition against foreign imports, then indeed the producer A. may be so . restricted in his ? market as to be obliged Morrell for less than he would if trade was more free; the produdor ports may in that case he, said to pay the duty, or a considerable.' part of it; but' if the duty be so . s low as to gival. 4 full poss4shiti of the supply, he controls the pri c e , and ell the tax on the con-: sumer. -Which of Abase operations m best for the country ±- Surely that in which B. is ena bled, by his skill and industry, to have his chola). of the home roarket, where A, has the elllKrtuni qtyy Of effecting exchanges for all his products, and , ;where such is the. character or the home supply. that. F. is obliged to psi the sehOle or a' constder able part of ' the tai before he can compete with B.'in the hinte • Market._!: That' F. map ' be tthls, Compelled to p!iour import takes is an undenia ble truth in theory'' , end *algae abundanifrecti;: cat proof of itiltie cemplaints 'tot:gips: lnantirachiiiiiiihermier high dada: are .i ll O l 4, ors their rabrits at the Oita of faigotiatfaiif' Thies . • . :7 • ' . • - • _is one ef the Secrets of England's wealth; her Manufacturers have a decided advantage in the home market, end whin foreigners send their lab- rice to - England, they are obliged to ,pay theidu: ties, in a reduction of pride ? before they can be sold =thus they are conapelleil-to work for the lowest possibliThrofit in order to be able to get into her market.' It is mistake to suppose that' B. can divide thetirmount of his taxes upon the protluc tion he sells to A; any mop than "A. can charge his taxes upon the products he eel& •to F. , ; in both cases supply and demand regulate the price, and B. by increasing the supply, mast diminiaL the price; unless he can increase the demand by some other means. • This fact accounts for what has seemed para doxical, viz: that a rise of duty seldom raises the price of the dutiable article, and that the reduc tion of duty never produces a corresponding re duction of price. The imaginations of adventu rers in mercantile operations, for want of under standing this practical truth, have caused many ruinous speculations; very many instances might be adduced in which duties have been reduced without t t beslightest sensible effect on price. To illustrate this operation more fully, take the article of salt, which being an article of the first necessi: ty, and regular consumption, is perhaps least of. all others subject to changes of fancy or fashion. It is produced say from domestic labor, or import- • ed from England, — Portugal or the West Indies. If any regulation of government obstructs the sup ply from abroad, by imposing buidens on it, an impulse is given to the demand for the home pro duction ; but if the price he advanced in the same proportion, the foreign production-cornea with the same facility as before, meeting an increased sup ply at home. The demand is, however, not in creased, and the increased production must, by the unchangeable laws of trade, rather reduce the 'price. The-foreign produce/4s therefore compel!. - ed to reduce his price, if he had actually raised it, and pay out of his profits the whole of the burden, imposed et the place of _importation. And here another operation'. occurs which is worthy of no tice : the foreign producers are not all equally able to bear such a reduction of their profits, and un less the_price be advanced, such will-be compelled to abandon this market, giving place to a supply from the home producer. These operations will control the supply and den.and with scarcely a sensible effect on priees, the only pereeptiblo dif ference being, that more of the supply is produced at home, and less from abroad, while the foreign producer is compelled to pay the amount of the increased harden before ho can get into the mar ket. The assumption that increase'of duties on im ports or a diminution of them produces generally a corresponding increase or diminution of price, is the main fOundation of the anti-protective doc trine.. That it is utterable fallacious; as a general proposition it demonstratable in theory, and has been proved 'a thOusand times 'under the observa tion of all those who investigate the facts. Farming on a Large Scale. What large tracts of lands are sometimes tilled in. the Western States under the name of farms may be judged from the foaming articlo which is found in the Peoria Pre.sif: AN ILLINOIS den:11 , 11;0f Peoria, has a farm about 18 miles above this place, at Rome, on the Illinois river, which is the largest, or at least one of the Largest in . the State. The first field of this farm that meets your view in. approaching Rome, consists of five hundred-a cres, under what is sometimes called Virginia or worm fence, eight rails high. Three hundred a cres of this are-in wheat, principally put in last fall, and which was sowed upon the sod, last year for the first tithebroken up by the plough. From such ground it full crop is never expected, before the large furrows, which bad lain in a solid body of matted roots for ages, are thoroughly decornpos and pulverized, which cannot take place in a few months. The wheat is now Oily 9th,) o white for harvest ; " and it is estimated that parts.of the field will yield twenty-five f amd seine thirty bush els to the acre, though the whole may not average much over twenty bushels. The difference in the crop is mainly attributable to the time and manner in which the ploughing and sowing -were done.— The balance of the field is in corn and oats. The second field, which:is nearest Rome, and seperated from the first named, by the: road led ing from NorthaMpton to that place, consists- of two hundred acres, which is enclosed with a beau tiful and excellent_ board fence. Vila was done at an-expense ; of $ 1265, which was about the cost of the fence around the five hundred acres. This field contains wheat, rye, oats, and corn, and shows what the La Salle prairie can do'when un der full subjection to, the hand' of the 'cultivator. The wheat here presents a scene beautiful beyond description. It. ovettops the fence, which exceeds five fee - r,itheiglit ; it is clean, well headed and even, and must produce thirty-five bushels to the acre, A description of the rye and pate would be such as might excite doubts of its truth in -the minds of those who have never seen the crops of our prairie state. The corn, though fine, is not so well grown as i it s af-the same time,o( the year in ordinary seasons. • . The third field, which lies north of the second,. will be of Mammoth size whenrcompleted, which will be in a very short time. Much of it .is now under fence, broken up, and s part of it in Corn.- It wilt consist of sixteen hundred acres, all Mader one fence. The whole farm comprises abont`two thousand three hundred acres, and has a straight line of fence on one side, three miles long. . Mr. U.; expect. tbis.fall to be able to put sev- . en or eight hundred acres in wheat.--Mdch . Of this be . iri ground a second year under cultivation, and With an ordinary reason, the next year's crop of this and•the sod wheat, •or what will be pot: in new ground, may reasonably be calculated to yield at least, an average ..production of twenty-five bushels per aere. _ , • The breaking or ploughing of prairie Coil Underhill $ 3 50 per acre by contract, end wheat sold here,nearly all list , whiter at 75.. cents - per bushel; if it came alutle under that on some days it'wenitigher on others. We adtithese.prices to the preceding account, that. the reader may form some idea of whet can be done in ,the way ofprai rie fawning in Minas. ..,, • • • , =Mr. U.' is now building two large barns, 30 by 50 feet, diritbe'bank of the river, at Rome, Where _there is onoof the .bast ateamboal laudings on,tho , river. The East of these was - rabred lasi Saturday, and the frame, of the other will be ready to gi;'ur,i in short girlie: , .1 . The most-' beitatifulijitiirig: in nat4fis fat ton chasing hit hit iti f Bata of 'whirl: - There's light in the brook as it glideth by, As bright. as the glance from beauty?, eye; A life in its tone as rich and as choice,. As the thatlives in the minstrel's voice: And no devotion the breeze may bear - Sweeter or purer than riseth there: There's love on the face of the lake impressed A freshness floats over its limpid breast As on its waters . the sunbeams play, • Behold how•elear and deep are they. Its borders are fringed with the rosy and rare. And. Nature looks forth in her purple these. There's joy in the stream as it horrieth on, Unawed by any, and checked by dune; And a bright display of unconciuus bride In each sparkling drop that ticads. its tide. Its progress how rapid ! its current how free ! Reflect on it, roan—'tis a mural futthee, oro a might in the flood, roll when it mar. id rage in the whirl of ins dancing spray: tiger goes with it, and parts the wave— irtles the timid, and nerves the brave. iments spent there„ 'mid hopes and hairs, e chronicled either in amtlei or tears ere's wild - delight in the ocean's f..am, sere gloom and glory make their home. tsed aloft or buried below, bark and the mariner.gaily go d the rougher the storm and the madder they --- I rave. The greater's the glee on the heaving wave Waters: bright waters! be where ,c will, No matter how raging, how deep, or how stilt— There's light and beauty await your form, guitt initatin, or lost in. stdim; And ye'ro looked on by each and by all to be The homes of the happy, the lured, and the free. J. H. R. BAiLEY. From the New York American. Peter Scriber—on Ji Grave gaestion. \it EDITOR :—lf I wele asked what policy of Government was calculated. soonest to produce civil waritind a total disregard of all the salutary restraints of the constitution? I Would on my conscience say, as I believe cincerely, - that the pol icy which refuses to furnish a sound national currency would, sooner than any other; produce this result. We are in the habit of ,believing "that it is libe constitution and equal laws, made in conforeility to it, that exclusively make us one people t'hut I think that it can be demonstrated , that neither that Constiinfiorrgiorious and profound as it is, nor the laws under it, sage and just as they- are, would stand but for a brief period, were it not for the existence of trade and intercourse between the States on a reciprocal basis. It is reciprocity, and an Interchange of equal advantages in inter- course, that aisles us u E pluribus unum." Our coasting and lake trades—our wagons--our steam boats—our cars on railroads—and our canal boats, with their freights and cargoes, know nothing of geographical linei and State boundaries ; they come and go, - and cross these conventional lines under the guaranties of the constitution end the laws, which say, that for all such purposes we are one people. But this trade and intercourse is kept up and pursued, not exclusively because we bare a Constitution and laws, but because it is the interest of the people. Let that trade and in tercourse, however, be embarrassed .end thwarted for went of o convenient and equal currency or medium of exchange, and the constitution, which claims to make us, one people, would be as use less as if it had been formed by deligates from China, from Fejse,Siam,Ptdagonia, 7ombudoo. and New l'irrh,calling them all.. United States." •Ilut; say the •hard folks,•we balmy' cur rency—a.real 'constitutional currency'--gold and silver—which is of equal value in all the States; . Yes, end so have all the Governments and coun tries above mentioned... So has Mexico, and she is right alongside of us; and yet all the constitu tions and laws that.could be formed in the wis dom of man, would not make us •• E pluribus IT num" with Ihoie nations- Somethitig besides gold and silver is required, and that something is • currency,' or • confidence money,' which- the, Government says • I'll take,' and which the peo ple at all points or the country can .take with the same security and confidence that belongs to coin. Let such cease to exist, and it will soon belound that the States remote from each other (and even those contiguous,) which formerly were in all matters of trade and intercourse, one peo ple, will become embarrassed and perplexed. • One has an advantage which another feels it has not —one is discredited and another grapples it under the guarantees of the Constitution, and picks out its vitals—one can do nothing unless it be with 'constitutional hard money,' w hilst another, more fortunate in credit and confidence, can over match it-with • credit currency'--and then very naturally begins the calculation as to • the value of the Union;' being found thus io co oper ate unequally, an appeal -is made to change it, -and if necessary by force; and that which was intended to be a chain of brass, linking as all in one thiPpY circle, proves to he a mete rope of-rand —and !llinois, Arkansas, Louiaiana, Maine, Ver mont, Alabama, Michigan, New York, Georgia, Ohio, and the rest of now all-. E Pluribus U num; become Ttmbuctoo, Patagonia, Affghanis tan, Nova Scotia, Arabia and Texas—one having about as. much confidence in the other as the Pope of dime has in Joe Smith; the Moeinun.-. Therefore to my mind it is as. elm as light: \ that to continue a United, a prosperous end hap py nation, we pot only require a just and equal constitution, and sound lav%s, made in crn formity to fahich tae have,—but to render them useful end available, we must hhie trade and in torCoorse. between tho,States on .an qual and fair basis: and that we cannot long bave without a' sound and quad currency, having • the odor of Nationality,' Omits feet.; a currency that will en able the producer, be he farmer, planter, crytnufsc. turer, mechanic, or any other class, toiinterchitiiit stall points of tho• country, with his' fellow citi- Fans, and get his pay without leaving his work. - As.khings now are working; and whiChl have been_ we are as sure to go at twilit now for some time , z u n, n to ruin as on e ewe that we curie oat . ot ruin by an oppaiite policy.- •- - . It is too long s story on paper Ao detail all par. te4ilars; and they who will not believe until all points are stated, are like the man who would not plant corn until be was infOrmed how ii was that it rotted Brit berme it grew Again. and 'Warn' ed . hia ignorant neighhors for planting, and hoc ing and picking without being , able' Lo particulars why they .thus.worked in ignorance. was this 1131n8 tpidc onewho would , not permit his wife to give her child catnip, tea, to stop é' equaling; betitioile the could not, or cared not , to explain why catnip tea we. ir yaks and sare remedy. Bach men kill crops snit kill children;and still as surely kill riatians, or destroy' their proaperiiy, ~ ...tahiklt is pietty_meCh the same thing in the es thinition of ' • Coirrisor Srairtsatien..—.o o the uneflignice, order and siitae of airetatt—ora its,industrione habit; --enterprise and skilt-=:tt. a i r ii Of vision and fiergy or - purpose, every One litr. rj oi parity of society depends: i Ateri . cepitil lobar rind sciatic.) to employ it wleiely or 'in, physical strength Without knoWledge to diiict it, is-useless: 34m.0 of:. the most productiveregions of the earth, tire inhabited by; beggars, the miSers ble specimens of humanity, who ire such entrinlY because of their ignorance; wbilit wealth is (i/s -rained out of ttle 4 granite bills of New England; end lutury rejoices in the 'Trost inclement climates, .beriuse living on these hills and under those alt- mates are isees of. intelligent men. Never, 9r al most never; then; is ilier° Wisdoen in practieingt; errantry with reterence to ,the institutions which preserve Order;:illCTelliie knowledge, ancl-ProruotO virtue. Itheso are the fortresses, which in times of danger, c garrisoned and welt ' stocked with r matter hot* much useless disp merelniury, is giv en . up by it innutties, but touch not things r growth of the mind and heart et too people. Tate &Wit the steam era and furl the spare and throw oinboatd the -earguilinCifillm and-autitasi--to enable the ship to ride out the storm ;' but ao not ant away the masts or unehip the rudder. A man short of furnished beit:4"eat meat only three times a week, than sell his library or take' is child° n away,: (tom school. So a , community hetl i bett, , r leave as the list thing to be touched by retrenehinent tbe means of, edu cation, and the institutions of religion. For if these are crippled, had is only worse ; the main epringi of social life ere broken. Millions of dollars rosy be saved, in this country.—by giving up what is' oral( es, or - hurtful, before there will be any occa sion trieconornise in making provision for the rilf; fusion of knowledge, or the preservation of good morals. The land` can do without coaches for . - a time, and rise again in its . forrner prosperity. Pull own the school houses • arid burn the wheelbar owe, and tute. land wad remain dreolate indeed.— IV( reburyport: Herald; NO: 33 . The death of the Doan or Onzissas, eldest sae of the King 1440 Wench; and her apparent of die Freneh.throne, is en event not More Billet ing as a domestic calamity than it is deplorable as a public one. In no country of the Old World is it perhaps so necessary to tbe,public tranquility foT the reigns of power to be held by forn and able hands as in France ; and the age of the King, if not his ii.firmities, made it of the highest impor tance that such hands should he m readiness to = receive them from. him. The, deceased Prince t. was, from all we have learned of his character, 4 roell hued by nature—by courage, arid prudence, and education—to succeed to the difficult aud ria ponsible post,.which has been hitherto, for twelve years, filled with suchwisdom' and(; fortitude his able and virtuous-father. 'The Power of the throne now, however, instead of d4scending to such hands, must pass into the keeping of a Re gency—the most hazardous of conditions for a monarchy, and that monarchrexposed to the ern=r barrassments of a dispuled succession. This state of things will, probably, at no ilistant Jay, put in jeopardy thelranquility of France, and. by conse quence, the peace of Europe. • Such ere the ap prehensions which appear to us reasonably to , grow out of this inscrutable visitation, by which the most Important life in alt Vrance has suddenly been blotted out—a visitation so pOrtentous (MAIM Nation as to mingle with , The mother's .anguish. her fears for tier cnutitry, and draw from her, all she bent over the body of het dying son, the ex clamation, What a dreadful misfortune hail+ len upon our family, hut heti mach greater is it for France ! "—National intelligencer. Tun SAT.? TuAuc.—lt is‘stated that half the salt works on the Onondaga Salt. Springs Reser vation, have been suspended, ,in consequence,of 20 per cent, ad valorem duty,lat whichOoreign salt iseriow admitted. This mte of dritraliatiiints to ri trifle over -4 cents per boshel,:wheremihither to the rate of duty"'on .foreign salehiiS been -10 cents per bushel. The duty paid to the State on each bushel of salt made at Onondaga being 6 centaour manu facturers cannot stand against the foreign 'salt which is fast coming in by way of St. Lawtence and the Canadas. The State is, therefore, losing —lst. the duty, 2d. the tolls on- the salt sent out to market, 3d. the tolls on the return trade do- . pending on the quantity of salt Sold, arid:4th. the profits to the persons, our own citizens, who ale engaced in the salt trade, whether as capital-. ists and laborers connected with the manufacture, or as forwarders and laborers engaged in the transportation of the salt and the commodities purchased by it. . Such are some of the blessings to this State of the combined rule of Loco-Focoism and Tyler ism.—Albany Lailg , A sci .ranful experinainit was ntade at the Phil adelphisNavy Yard on Wednesday morning with Captain Stockton's large wrought iron canudn.- 7 This mammoth gun is 13 feet long,-with a bore of 12 inches, end will carry a ball of 112 pounds:, It wiis first loaded with fifteen poilnda of powder, but that load did not reach the touchhole, and it was therefore drawn out; slid a large wad ram - nod in first. It was then fired off, first with 15 pounds, then 25, then 35, and afterwards with 95, pounds. The last discharge is said to hive wade die giound shake for many yards around. This terrible instrument of defence unisidared on board one of the iron steamers et the Yard to be taken to Sandy. Hook, where it is intended to try its power in throwing balls. Termite des:vs.—A correspondent of the LanCaster Intolligencer states that he nisi p4sent at a Camp Sleeting in thu lower end c: York co., on Sunilay:the24ih ultimo. and that hitween I I and 12 o'clock in the evening there was a alai:l - storm, which, for ruin and lightning, audloud thunder, he'says he never heard equalled. The lightning struck into the camp, and killed—three horses dead on the spot; besides stunning a num 7 " ber of the peisons present on the occasion., The scene he describes is one of thee most ternfie and awful ; the shrieks of the wain); thtf neighing m the horses, and the successive peal's of thiinder, pro Ceded by the most !avid sheets- of Lghtningy made the whole spectacle sone of great AO a*fuF sublimity. No person vris hurt. 0010.--The Columbus ,State 'Journal of the 20th says that the Committee of Conference of • the Legislature _ has had n meeting on the • Ap portiorimen(ind gives the following report of it: •-:.Little - pr nothing has been done, or to least, , , • biattranspired, beyond the adoption.of a ticiii;fising the inaxirnum and minimum rates ocl . ' • pripplatitin for tho new Districts. • None are to be organizerrhigher than Hamilton County [80,145) or having less than 64.,000 inhabitants! It has also been determined in Committee not' divide Coonties, and to conform to. theta !of respecting elections by, single trios. Co n gress Mr-nnin avisa orr.—Among the yassengrrii • arrived at this port_ last evening in the stesmei, New York, frpni New Orleans, is Wiley .Fresifl" man, arrested sortie, time since . at charged,with having murdered his wife four jeers: ago in Edgefirid District, in this Stain. lie left thieitj this , , morning on . the ra , lrota . for Edge..! field, in Custody. of John Crawford, the brother of, the murdered, wife, who imeeeedell in. emituririg!. him after four , years' diligent aeareh.--Chorksfoni . CLai. 7 —The Pajledelidita Gezkie itibt Hebei a liet - of irrie hiindreit, find forty tiipeta.that fiab itotite4 the CLAY Fitz. NM I=l3
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