WSW PEACOCK. .Editar. VOLUME X.X. EVgIdING BULLETIN. rinaIIBIOMD EVERY EVENING, (Stuadaye excepted) et THE NEW BULLE SIN BUILDING, al Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. BY TAB "Evening Bulletin Association." paorsairroms. GIBSON PRA000)I, IERNEST 0. WALLACE. F. L. FETHERSTON, TIROS. J. WILLIAMSON CARPER SOURER, Jr., FRANCIS WELLS. She Earrmirria le served to subserilbere In the city at -le cents Mr week, payable to the (=Tiers, or $8 00 per LANDELL are prepared to supply ram Fille'g with Dry Goods, at the lowest prices. ISHEN traRRTLNGS, MARSEILLES QUILTS TABEULSERL,D D AEMA‘TDOW.ELS, irtARPEDS BEATEN, CLEANED A_ND RENO lvi VATED BY MACHINERY In the cheapest and sneet satisfactory manner, at the PRESTON STEAM LAUNDRY, ' sp . Mtit,,e,tulat - 1520 South NINTH Street. • 4ZONDOWNS AND YACHT HATS 808 LADIES 13 in great variety, AT THEO. H. MUCALLA. , I3 Old established Hat and Cap Emporium. myEr4rn2 lei Chestnut street HEACOCK, GENERAL FURNISHING -‘T ~UI'BDRRTAKER, No. 18 North Ninth street abova.market. Bp21 -Im4 MARRIED. CARYMI3, RUPP—On Tuesday evening, May 15t1i, 1366, by the Rev. E. Rutter, William Y. Carver, Es q., to Miss Mary Is. Bnpp, all of Philadelphia. SPRA.GUE—MALY RR—At Advent Church, in this city, on the 15th inst.. by the Rev. J. W. Claxton, J. R. Sprague kaq., of New York , and Miss Mary May Mayer b ier of John B. Mayer, Readlng,Pa. deceased, and of graintaang ter of the late General George De B. Kelm, No cards. ISYJEUIAL NOTICLI!!' o. /tat AfISS ANNA E. DICKINSON :yaL BP'FAX, BY INVITATION, ACADEMY OF MUSIC, 40N FRIDAY EVENING, MAY 182 z. SUBJECT-" MY POLICY." This Is Miss Dickinson's most popular lecture, and is said to have created the greatest enthusiasm in the West, where she has been, for several months past, addriesing immense audiences on "My Policy," or the Jobnisonlan dogma of Reconstruction. So great was the demand for its repetition that she was compelled .to decline innumerable invitations. Tickets tar sale at T. B. PUGH'S Book Store, S. W. corner SIXTH and CHEaTINTUT Streets. Reserved seats, 50 cents. Admission. 25 cents. Box sheet open until a P. M 11''PAILDEE SCIENTIFIC COVESE LAFAYETTE COLLEGE. In addition to the general Course of Instruction in 'this Department; designed to lay a substantial basis of - imowledge and scholarly culture. students can pursue those branches which are essentially practical and tech nical, viz.: ENGINEERING, Civil, Topographical and Mechanical; MINING and METALLURGY; ARCHIE ECM 'ETRE . and the application of Chemistry to AG BICITLTDRE and the ARTS. There is also afforded tra) purtuni for special scody of TRADE and COM OH,of MODERN LANGUAGES and PHILO LOGY; andor the HISTORY and INSTITUTIONS of , rif our own connory. For Circulars apply to President 40A.'/TELL. or to Prof. B. B. YOUNGMAN, Murrox. Pa.,Aprit4, 1866. Clerk of the Faculty. mYS.Smsi OFFICE AMERICAN KAOLIN COMPANY.; 11 b ,PITELADELPIITA,, May 15, 18611. At the annual meetiNg of the Stocitholders.'held on ''the Bth instant, the following gentlemen were elected Directors for the ensuing year: Howard Spencer, •Chafies' 1). Knight. Thomas Graham, Sohn F. Shessi, W.lif.. R. Hartley, of New York. qAt a meeting of the Directors, held on the same day, Howard Spencer, Esq., was unanimously re 'elected 'President, and T. 13. English Secretary and DIVIDEND.—The DIRECTORS OF TEE NeELHENY OIL COMPANY have this day declared a Dividend of TWO PER CENT. on the Capi tal Stock (8200,000), payable on and after the 21at at. the Office of the Company, No. 218 WALNUT street. Transfer Books will re-open 23d Inst. -PEITLASITELPHIA, May rth,lBg3. llA2• Rnayl7-4ti 101.- TO THE. EDITOR OF THE EVENING BULLETIN—As the season is approaching for 'Sunday Schools and other associations to make their ANNUAL EXCURSIONS, would it not be as well for Those having places to rent for such purposes, to ad vertise so that the committees' might know where to apply. [lo] M. DEDICATION.—THE SOUTHWESTERN Presbyterian Church, corner of Twentieth and "ffl =water streets. will be dedicated with appropriate Services, THIS (Thursday) EVENING, May 17th, at s o'ock. Addresses will be made by Rev. Albert BartZte. Dr. Brainerd and Rev. W. Calkins. its tU.- BISHOP H. SIMPSON. D. D., will preach a the Western M. E. Church (Twentieth and Wal nut) Sabbath Morning, the Seth inst. A Collection will be taken for Repairs in the Church. Seats all free. Come and welcome. myl7.St. Tr.z.. HOWARD HOSPITAL],Nos. 1518 and 1520 "Lombard street, Dispensary Department. Me dical treatment and medicines furnished gratuitously to the poor. se2B THE FIRE IN THE PINES.—A corre spondent writing from Tuckerton, Burling ton county, gives us the following account of the fires that have recently raged in the *woods "along shore:" A devastating fire broke out in a' "coaling" in the woods about seven miles from the Shore road in the township of Little Egg Harbor on Sun day; April' 29th, and . spread with frightful vapidity before a strong N.W. wind towards the coast. Nothing could stay its furious progress until it reached the cultivated fields along the Shore. The villages of Tnckerton in Burlington county, and of 'West Creek in Ocean county, were threat ened at one time with imminent destruc tion. One farm house along the road be tween these villages were burned down and two dwellings back a short distance in the woods shared the same fate. • It is estimated that not less than 20,000 acres of timbered land are burnt over. the timber on which, with little exception, is completely killed. Moss is estimated at sloo,ooo. More than half the timbered part of Little Egg Harbor is burnt, and a portion of the townships of Bass river; and of Stafford in Ocean county. --Trenton Gazette. A FIER STORY.—The following is a pisca torial "yarn," worthy of the ancient repu tation of stories • of that character: "The Indians of California, in spearing trout, never take the female fish, and always kill those they catch as soon as they take them from the water. They have an eye to next year's supply, and don't believe in eating game that has died a natural death." DEATH OF AN ARMY SURGEON.—We re gret to announce the death of Dr. J. T. .Adair, in Indiana county, Pa., on the sth instant. Dr. Adair was Assistant Surgeon • of of the 77th Regiment P. V.V. 1., and had shared in all the hardships of his regiment. He had but recently returned from Texas, land had contracted that fatal disease, con sumption, whilein the service. He was a fine physician and an affable gentleman. NEWSPAPER PROFITS IN GREAT BRITAIN. —The profits of the London Gazette for last year afe returned at upwards of £13,300. The Edinburgh Gazette's profits during the same time £2,370. and those of the 'Dublin Gazette, £B5B. Ours FOR SEACOAST DEFENCE.—Three hundred and fifty men are still employed at the'Watertown,lsfass., arsenal,in the mann-, facture of heavy iron gnn carriages for the forth of our extensive seacost, the orders for 'which still continue unabated. ...-.'..i...,. : 1 .. !! . .....: ::. . i : .- i: . .......:......': .. ....... H ...*•• : * - g -- - - ...'• , •' - ' -, i''''.'.' - 7.:•. 5 1. 0'..•:''11,tti1t . NO. 34 In a sketch of the history of the locality of the NEW BULLETIN BUILDING, No. 607 Chestnut street; published in our columns within a few days, we referred to the fact that we had in our possession a cotemporary description of a grand fête gotten up many years ago by the Chevalier de la Luzerne, the French Minister to the 'United States, in honor of the birth of the "Dauphin," son of Louis XYL Numerous requests have been made to us to republish the description referred to, and, in compliance with the wishes of our correspondents; and as a con tribution to the history of the city , at an in era, we transfer the account of the festival to our columns. It will be remem bered that the fete came off in July 1782, not many months after the defeat of Corn wallis, at Yorktown. The French Minister resided at the time in the old Carpenter mansion, on Chestnut street, above Sixth, on the spot recently occupied by the Arcade His garden extended down to Sixth street and in this retreat the grand rejoicings de scribed below, took place. The account given of the festival says : "The Chevalier de la Lnzerne, Minister Plenipotentiary, having fixed upon the 15th of July for the celebration of the birthday of the Dauphin, a prodigious number of people resorted from all parts to this city and its neighborhood, to testify the part they took in an event which has crowned the wishes of our august ally. "At 0 o'clock in the morning His Excel lency invited to his apartments all the French resident in Philadelphia to return thanks to the Supreme Being for the late blessing He has bestowed on the nation. The Te Deurn was chanted, after which the Chevalier de la Luzerne received the con gratulations of the officers of the Govern= went, citizens, (tc., etc. At the same time was presented to him an ode upon the birth of the Dauphin, composed by Mr. Smith, a young lawyer, who displays a very great genius. _ ' "His Excellency invited more than fifteen hundred guests from this and the neigbor ing States to attend at this entertainment, which began at 8 o'clock in the evening. In the court yard belonging to the househe had caused to be built for their reception a hall of the most excellent architecture, and the court yard itself had assumed in less than two months the formof a regtdar gar den; groves formed into arches, and hung over with glass_ lamps, the prospects judi ciously disposed at a small distance, where appeared a splendid illgmination, repre senting a palace, ornamented with a great number or pyramids and columns; the fire works played off "by intervals from the most distant part of the perspective; an in numerable crowd of persons that covered the fields round about; a green hall raised in part of the garden concealed by porches of green a sky clear_ and serene—all contri buted to render this garden a most roman tic and delightful recess. A hall after the Italian manner takes up the middle space. It is built upon a plan of seventy-feet in length, and forty-fivefeet in breadth.. It is surrounded with an insulated colomi ade detached from the main building. The Doric order, which is most used in this building is nowhere neglected. "At the furthest extremity of the hall, and opposite the principal entrance, are the arms of France upon a globe suspended in the midst of a glory, whose rays break upon the square of the ceiling. At the other ex tremity the arms of the United States (whose escutcheons are charged with thir teen pieces argent and gules, having upon the top thirteen stars upon an azure ground), are supported by the American bald eagle, having in his right talons an olive branch and thirteen arrows in his left; in his bill a legend with these words : E Pluribus Ununt. America is personified by two young sa vages, who serve as supporters, the one Stayed by a staff which bears the Cap of Liberty, the second surrounded with the natural productions of this country in form of an article of exchange for the riches of Europe. About the middle of the hall are several figures supported by the columns. The cyphers of the Queen of France, crowned with and encircled by garlands by a Cupid, are supported by Hymen, the rays from whose flambeaux shine upon them. The group look towards the cyphers of the Dauphin, likewise crowned with garlands by a genius, and supported by Mercury,who covers him with his wand. The galleries formed by the lolumns are or namented with pilasters and panels, of a color different from that of the body of the building. The_ ceilings are fiat, and set off with sophites. From the midst of those of the architrave, and betwixt each column, hangs &branched candlestick; the rest of the ceiling is enriched with a wide frame, within which light clouds are painted, and also are hung crowns; at the four extremi ties of the two grand galleries are four fig ures resembling the white marble placed in niches, and representing Diana at the in stant of discharging her javelin, Flora adorned with garlanfis, Hebe holding the cup of Jupiter, Mars leaning upon'his armor where:is engraved the- cypher of his Excel lency, General Washington. The galleries upon the right side of the entrance have at each of their extremities a sideboard raised pyramidioally, covered with re freshments, flowers, and lights. Betwixt these two sideboards and toward the middle of the hall is the orchestra, under which - is a close room. The two spaces between,that remained on each side, are set off with four doors that give entrance into two saloons which open into one behind the orchestra. From the saloon is a passage into the dining hall, ninety feet long by forty broad,haying seven tables proportioned in size to the number of the guests. This hall, as well as the saloon, was lighted by glass branches, the space betwixt the tables, their situation, that of the serving sideboard, the number of avenues that facilitated the comingin and going out, infinitely increased the splendor of the sight and the magnificence of the at tendance. This whole building is covered on the outside with a .roof after the Italian mode, supported by pilasters forming three porticoes at the two ends, and four on the side opposite to the fireworks and the illu mination. T. B. ENGLISH, Secretary "This splendid building, which was fin ished in less than six weeks, was the work Monsieur 'L'Enfant, a French officer in the service of the United States. The carpenter work, which is remarkable for its neatness, was done by Mr. S. Roberts; the pillars, in white lime plaster, by Corse. Mr. S. Pratt executed the greater part of the paintings ; from the designs of Monsieur L'Enfant. "By four o'clock in the afternoon, on the day before mentioned, every possible pre caution had been taken to prevent accidents. A detachment of French troops mounted guard within the garden, and several com panies of militia were posted in the different avenues, to prevent the excessive crowding of horses and carriages. No accident An Old Times Festival. PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY, MAY 17, 1886. happened, although more than fifteen thousand pectoral were present. "The presence of 'His Excellency, the President, and all the members of Gin gretis; of their Excellencies the: Goverwirs of Pennsylvania, of Jersey and Delaware, and the principal military and civil officers of those States, gave as much solemnity to the entertainment as the drese and beauty of the ladies added to< Its charms. Their Excellencies General • Washington and Le Compte de. Rochambeau, who had arrived in town' the day before, increased the general satisfaction, and seemed to bring the laurels of Yorktown to the cradle of the Dauphin. "An Indian chief, devoted to France and the United States, had also arrived in Phil adelphia to attend the entertainment. He was appareled and adorned in the fashion of his country, and did not faittolexpress in the three languages, which he spoke well, the sincere part he and his countrymen take in the event that was then celebrated. "The entertainments began with a concert, succeeded by fireworks of superior and un rivaled excellence, and a brilliant ball. At one in the morning supper was served up, followed by a continuation of the ball, and joy did not cease to sparkle in the eyes of every one present." It will be understood thai the Dauphin whose birth caused so much rejoicing among the admirers of the French, in Philadelphia, eighty-four years ago, was not the unfortu nate youth who bore that title arid who died in prison in the " Temple" daring the French revolution. The Dauphin who so greatly excited the loyalty of the Chevalier de la Luzerne, was an older brother of the Dauphin so well known in history. He died in 1787 and his title desc,anded to the hapless prince just referred to. From Atlantie City. [Correspondence of the Phila. Evening Belletlii.l ATLANTIC Crry, May 15th, 1856.—The continued advancement of Atlantic city in those elements which make up a thriving and attractive place, is becoming year by year more apparent and gratifying. The rough and primitive repulsiveness of the Taland is fast disappearing, and a new order of things is shaping the future of this place into a city of no inconetaerable importance. Gradually the work of filling up the swampy places and ponds, which formerly extended midway between Atlantic and Pacific avert_ nets almost the entire length of the city, is going forward, and the huge sandhills that lie, like a line of breastworks, facing the ocean, are being leveled and built upon. Twelve years of unremitting toil and perse verance have wrought here such changes as few might have anticipated when the rail road was first opened to the public—changes which have converted a wild and almost desolate island into aj"city by the sea," with its many magnificent public houses, its churches, its schools, and elegantly ar ranged private dwellings, its streets laid , out into- broad and well graveled ave nues, and its facilities for all these amuse moms and exercises which are required by those who seek the sea shore for health and enjoyment. From this commencement has arisen all there is of Atlantic City; and, judging from the unusual activity main. fested at the present time, and the improve ments so rapidly going forward, it can scarcely be another twelve years before it will contain a permanent population of some five or six thousand persons. And it is this condition that must be effected to give a sta tus and character to this city. A floating population gives only a temporary impor tance to any place. This fact seems to be realized by the citizens of Atlantic City,and they are adopting those sanitary and other healthful measures calculated to secure such a needed permanent population. The City Council are very properly and judiciously acting in concert with the pro perty owners and enterprising citizens, in the work of removing all nuisances, filling up stagnant pools of water, and otherwise improving the streets, so that the city may become as free as possible from those ma larious influences which engender', sickness and disease. This is a feature which they regard as of paramount importance to fu ture growth and success. Nor are they any the less zealous in reference to their social and moral condition. As the place began to assume the characteristics of a city, suitable plates of worship were begun and duly completed, and at the pre sent time there are Methodist, Presbyterian and Catholic churches, while an Episcopa lian congregation worship in a large hail connected with the Mansion Howse. The Misses Leehave very generously donated a fine and eligible lot at the corner of Atlantic and North Carolina avenues to this congre gation, on which to build a church, with an understanding that if it is not completed within three years the lot reverts again to them. But it is believed that in that time the edifice will be ready for use. Connected with the Methodist church is an excellent and flourishing Sabbath school, which is generally attended by from one hundred and fifty to twos hundred pupils, all of whom are children of regular resi dents of the Island. These are divided and sub-divided into different classes, under the supervision of careful and competent teach ers, who exhibit great care in directing their young minds into the paths of useful and instructive knowledge. In conjunction with these religions fea tures a good and substantial school has been established, into which more than three hundred children are eligible for admission. The citizens have erected a large and hand some edifice on Pennsylvania avenue for school purposes, and there is now one of the best schools in the State in successful pro gress in it. Several of the higher branches are taught. Measures are also being adopted to institute an. Academy, in which the languages and classics will , be taught, For this purpose arrangements have been made to convert a portion of the "Clarendon House" into said institution, and the change will be made so that the school will com mence its first term some time during the approaching autumn. This will be another great inducement for permanent. settlers, and tbose who have the 'project in hand could confer no greater blessing and ad vantage on Atlantic city than to make their proposed Academy an institution of the highest grade, where pupils from all parts of the country may come and share its benefits; for, certainly, no place along the New Jersey coast can be more eligible and appropriate, or possess greater advan tages and attractions. Another impetus would be given to the growth and improvement of this place by establishing manufactories here—especially glassworks. There is an inexhauitible supply of good sand for the manufacture of all kinds of common glassware, while the transportation of the other two ingredienta,, lime and soda-ash, would be but a trifling expense. Such establishments would orW OLE COUNTRY. gather around them a permanent popula tion, and would soon remove the wild fea tures of the island and supplant/them with handsome buildings and private residences. Your correspondent learns that at number of capitalists contemplate erecting such works, but no definite time has been fixed for their commencement. Other manufaC turing establishments will likewise be con structed at no distant day. The proposition of the railroad company to extend their track farther down the beach is also meeting with popular favor, as it will.tend to improve very largely that portion of the Island, which embraces some of the best lots in the city, and has one tua broken stretch of excellent bathing ground for nearly nine miles in extent. The work of this extension will probably begin this season. Such are some of the main featureS pFe sented by this seaside city to those who wish to enjoy its summer or permanent advan tags. And that they are duly appreciated la indicated by the constantly increasing population and the number of tasteful pri vate and public buildings—some twelve new ones being now in progress—vrhich are added yearly to the city. SALVM. THE AMERICAN NATIONAL DEBT. Interesting Speech by a British In presenting his yearly financial state ment to the British Parliament, on the 3d inst., the Hon. Mr. Gladstone alluded to the debts of Great Britain and other European countries. He also said— I cannot proceed further without asking the Committee to observe what has taken place in other countries. The chapter of national debts is assuming, I think, a pain ful and a baleful prominence as a social and political fact of modern experience. Ido not know whether the House is aware to what extent this Mischievous and inju rious process is going, on, but I will refer first to what Ido not hesitate to declare I contemplate with the least anxiety, and that is the debt of the United States. The debt of the United States is in itself something wonderful—wonderful as the creation of four years, strictly of four years and no more, and yet amounting to nearly $3,000,- 000AO, or £600,000 000, and the rate of growth of the debt in the last yearexceeded, I think, Z 200,000,000. That is a wonderful debt, and its charge is en2rmous. It is not possible in the present state of the financial arrangements of that country to ascertain with p . recision,but I believe ram not wrong in saying that the charge of that debt is con siderably heavier than ours, though the capital is less. The smallest sum at which I can estimate the charge is thirty-Oh) or thirty-two millions sterling; and if upon the back of that sum we lay- the necessary cost of raising the revenue, which in America is much heavier than it is here, I do not think the effective amount of taxation incumbent upon the nation at this time in consequence of the Ncirthern debt (1 do not include one farthing of the South ern debt), cannot be taken at less that nearly thirty-five trillions sterlingrper an num. Well, now, looking at these figures, a man would be struck with something like despair; but if we look at the position of the country which has to bear the burden, I must confess that I think the future of America, as far is finance is concerned— political problems are not now in question —will not be attended with any emnarrass ment. I do not believe that the debt will constitute any difficulty for the American people. I am confident, that if they show wiih respect to finance any portion of that extraordinary resolution which on both sides alike they manifested during the war, and of that equally remarkable resolu tion with which, on the return of peace, they have brought their monstrous and gigantic establishments within moderate bounds, I won't say that this debt, according to an expression which was once fashionable in this country, will be a fleabite, but that in a moderate time it will be brought within very small limits, and may, even within the lifetime of persons now living, be effaced altogether. At this moment America is, I believe, paying war taxes, and the amount of the revenue of the United States is not less, I apprehend, than about eighty millions of money, the largest sum ever raised in any country for the pur poses of a Central Government. The esti mated surplus is from twenty to thirty mil lions sterling a year, and I believe at pre sent only about ten millions of their taxa tion are menaced by the natural impatience of the people with respect to some of the taxes that have been imposed. Mr. M,cCul loch, the Finance Minister of that country, strongly urges the policy of reducing the debt, and I am quite certain that from this side of the water we shall send him a hearty expression'of good wishes for his success, both on account of our interest in the well being of a friendly nation, and because it may be hoped that the example of America will react beneficially on this country. There is a clerical club flourishing in London, We have not heard of any one being ifls ured by it, as yet. Why is a pistil a more positive weapon than a pistol? Because one has an aye and the other a no. The Boston Post says that "Santa Anna hasn't, come here for any political purpose, but to get his wooden leg that Barnum has been showing." When he gets it, he pro poses to stump the country for Maximilian, and will probably put his foot in it. Everybody knows that Barnum made his first hit with the ancient colored • person, Joyce Heth. Here is a good, though old epigram concerning Barnum and Bennett, who had quarreled: "Children, why scratch each others eyes, And kick up such a pother? One's fortune from black male did rise, And from black female, Venter. General Longstreet is president of an in surance company in Texas. The policy of this company is identical with A. J's. The last vehicle in vogue in Patti is called the Egotist; it will hold only one lady. The ladies like it, because everybody I's them. A pretty little woman committed suicide in St. Louis because she had forced to marry an elderly gentleman. We have known a good many "pretty little women" who have made way with themselves in that way, without any force whatever. C. 0. L R. says that he has 50,000 drilled Finnegana in Ireland, buethat they have no arms. The inference is that they were drilled with the national weapon, the shine lab. Imagine •a force of British regulars drilling them with canister and grape! The venerable Secretary of the Navy got off a subtle joke on the Finnegans, when he sent Boggs to supervise their invasion of Canada. Mr. Weller wanted to make them feel at home. Minister. Baits and gametes. ITALY. THE AUSTRIAN AND ITALIAN INF- FICULTY. WILE THERE BE WAR P The National Spirit and the Military Situation in Italy ) &n: [Correspondence of the N. Y. Tribune.] GENOA, May 1, 1866.—There is a general conviction that we are on the brink of a war in Venetia, and the commercial and political worlds are heaving with a great convulsion. Two facts tell the story: Italian bonds went down to 44 yesterday, and at the same hour the Parliament authorized the Ministry to adopt such extraordinary measures of finance as it may deem expe dient, only one man voting against the bill. Nothing short of imminent danger could carry our bon& down from 64 to 44 in two weeks, and create unanimity in such a het erogeneous Parliament as ours. The previsions of my letters of the 3d and 7th nit., from Florence, have been (ally verified; and although it was for weeks de nied that we were arming, it was only ne cessary to open one's eyes to see prepara tions everywhere. If a hundred thousand men were not actually between Bologna and Ferrara, they were practically on that line; for they were stationed along the cross made by the lines between Alexandria and Ancona, and Ferrara and Leghorn, inter secting at Bologna. These troops are there now, and the numbers are being gradually increased, while the lines are being drawn toward Bologna from Alexandria and Ancona. I expressed the opinion a month ago that war was probable; I do not think it a whit more so now. The present excitement is caused by the uncovering of the work of the last month, and the nearer the crisis comes the more difficult it is to see how the war is to begin. GENOA, May 2, 1864 4 --The news of the morning does not niitterially change the situation. The Parliament gave yesterday a new proof of its lively appreciation of the common danger by unanimously voting two millions for the fortifications of Cre mona. Here has been a piece of alniost criminal neglect. A glance at the map will show you how Cremona covers the line from the quadrilateral to Milan. By the way, thin quadrilateral business may not be un derstood by all readers. Let me explain: Draw lines through Peschiera, Mantua, Ve rona and Legnano, and you have it. These linee are strongly certified, and can only be carried by a regular siege. To turn them is nearly impossible, for the lake of Gardia covers the flank of Peschiera, and from Leg nano to the Adriatic a tangle of mines and swamps covers all the ground. The front line between Peschiera is the 3linclo, and the rear line between Verona and Legnano the Adige. On the other lines there are rail roads as well as onithe front line. To return to Cremona. It is not a very strong position; butlying on the Po and con nected by railroads with, Milan and Pia cenza, it is naturally the best point for re sisting an Austrian advance on the Milan line. It is to us what the strip of Austrian territory on our :side of the Po—between Mantua and Ferrara—is to the Austrians. Suppose, now, an advance by Benedek serum the Mincio. He must capture Cre mona; for the Italian army would menace his line of operations and cut him off from his base if he attempted. to pass beyond it to Milan. Suppose the Italian army stretched along the railroad between Bologna and Piacenza, Cremona would be our outpost and head of the line, and it would be comparatively easy to concentrate there. In case the Austrians took the grave risk—l allude here to the French Emperor's relations to Lombardy— of crossing the Mincio, then you may look for the tirstgreat battle at or near Cremona. It should not be overlooked that w e shall be at one disadvantage in such a campaign. The Po would lie between ns and our base line, and our army would be precisely in the position of a man fighting with his back against a wall. Austria on 'our side of the Po—between'Mantua and Ferrara—would be in just the same relative position. In short, the Po is the real line between the two military positions, and each army will be safest on its own side, and military pru dence would dictate that La Marmora and Benedek each manceuvre to get the other to fight on- the wrong aide. Benedek can force La Marmora to makehead at Cremona by moving his army over the Mincio. La Marmora may anticipate that movement and prevent it by attacking the Austrian outposts on this side of the Po. Unless La Marmora feels very sure of French assistance he is not unlikely to bring on an action at the point where Ana trfa holds both sides of the Po. Just here lies a grave reason for believing war inevi table. Within two weeks the two armies will be face to face on that narrow strip of land. No matter now whether there be 1,- 000 or 40,000 of each army on the spot, it seems inevitable that a conflict must ensue. For Austria will have before her one of three problems to solve : 1. Whether to withdraw all her troops to the other side of the Po. 2 To reinforce the few brigades already there. 3. To leave the present number with orders not to provoke an en gagement. Now Austria cannot do thOfirst. It would be to retreat from Austrian terri tory in the laCe of hostile bayonets, and the pride of Vienna would endure no such movement. Nor could she increase her force on our side of the Po. La Marmora would say : "This is an act of war ; these troops are sent here to invade us." Europe would justify him in driving the Austrians across the'Po. The third problem is more difficult than either of the others. It is whether it be safe to leave a few troops ex posed to the whole Italian army. Now, re member the animosity which burns between these two armies, and imagine even two pickets lines withinl shooting distance. Be sure that when our blood is fairly up, no Austrian will be safe this side of the Po, un less be is backed up by superior force. Neither party wishes to take the responsi bility of bringing on war; but, in all honesty and candor, we do want to light Austria out of Venetia, and ten 'days hence, if we go on worming o our work at the present pace, ,nobody will be able to restrain us—and it is very clear Napoleon does nottry dissuasion. Another element in the probabilities of war is the temper in which our tremendous preparations will be received at Vienna. I think no one expects to intimidate—on th contrary, we expect to inflame—the prid and resentment of Austria. Having counted the cost, and calmly determined to make a decisive struggle for complete national' in F. I. FETHERSTON. Mule DOUBLE SHEET, THREE CENTS. dependence, we shall leave Anatria only a choice between battle and humiliation. She must speak the first peaceful words, and if she do not also do peaceful acts, she must return our blows. We shall not arm for a grand field day. We cannot afford the cost of a military display. We are willing to go before Europe on the question—Who began. the and to admit, if necessary,that we first drew blood.. The unanimity of the nation is unmis takable. You cannot find, hereabouts, an Italian copperhead, and you begin to hear the first murmurs of that glorious enthusi asm which proves the right of &people to , be called a nation. This is one of the matters in which Austria is-fault:illy deceived. She has been led to believe that there wide spread discontent here, inevitable and incu rable breaches of •opinion, readiness to ao cept a return to the old fractional nation ality, and a powerful party of church zealots looking to her for dehvarence. She does not see that a war with her will heal our divi sions, unite our parties, and awaken a pop ular enthusiasm which Sa: a better defence for a nation than Alp, Po„ or Apennine Three days ago, Austria mayhaye nour ished delusions about our internal dis sensions ; in face of the action of our Par liament and the tone of our journals, it will be the extremity of folly to doubt our un W i e e have all turned our faces toward the- Hermit of Caprera. In this solemn hour all admit his right to lead his old followers in the front line. All feel, too .that some cam paign of peculiar difficulty and requiring unusual courage and audacity becomes the hero of Siei I • • n campaign in 1860. It is proba bly more from this conviction of the fitness of things than from any known action of the ministry that the journals assign him the command 0(20,000 volunteers to be trans ported by sea to the head of the Adriatic,. there to operate against the Austrian main line of advance or retreat. If he does nothing more there, he will at least keep. twice his own numbers from the Austrian lines on the Po. There are rumors that messengers have al ready gone to invite him to take the-field, and the mercantile steamers taken• posses sion of by the government, are already. as signed, by rumor, to the transportation of his corps. Ileatatinae, he is expected here or at Florence during the week. The quays - used by the French in 1859 for landing the troops sent here, were•closed to merchant ships yesterday, and a rumor ran that the Gauls were coming again.- In sober truth, we would rather not see them. It is hard to feel that twenty millions of Italians need any foreign aid, and we shall not ski-ink from fighting our battles alone. Yet—so hard is it to risk all in a grapple with so terrible 'a foe..-we should welcome our neighbors from Marseilles and Toulon with the heart enthusiasm of 1859. But the mystery of the quays was solved this morning, when a regiment from Palermo landed upon them from steamers. It is the: first installment of the southern divisionsor our regular army, whose places axe to be supplied by northern militia. , Just as I close this letter, I learn that the Ministry have issued a decree making the bills of the National Bank a legal tender for debts. They take this action at the earnest request bf our business men, and the mess- ore has given instantaneous relief to com mercial affairs. Our bonds have risen, from 43 to 49, and there is a general feeling of sat isfaction in all business circles. The best proof of the unanimity of the people for the war is, that there has not been heard the lowest whisper of opposition from our mer chants and bankers. Destructive Fire in Brooklyn- About 8 o'clock yesterday morning a fire was discovered in the large building situated on the block bounded by Columbia, Sedg wick, Van Brunt and Irving streets, and occupied by Blanchard & Co. as a cotton packing establishment. The fire was caused by friction from one of the steam cotton packers, which ignited the cotton, and - the flames spread so rapidly that the persona employed in the building—about seventy five in number—had barely time to save themselves. The whole of the Fire Department of tha- Western District arrived promptly on. the► ground, but their efforts were unavailing to save the stock or the building, and inlesa than an hour the entire establiEhment was destroyed. The building occupied by Blanchard Co. was two stories in height,built of brick. It had 150 feet front on Van Brunt-street, and 100 feet each on Sedgwick. and Irving. streets. The loss on the stock and the ma chinery of Blanchard it Co. amounts to about $75,000. it is understood that the stock and machinery were not insured. The loss on the building, which . was owned by Mr. Charles Kelsey, is $12,000, and is insured. A Dart of the building on the corner of Sedgwick and Van Brunt streets was• occu pied by Daniel Murray as a liquor store, and the upper part as a dwelling for his family. He succeeded in getting most of the stock and furniture out. 'Ms loss is estimated at about $2OO. No insurance. Adjoining Blanchard tt Co.'s establish• went on Sedgwick street were the tobacco works of Buchanan & Lyon, in whioh there is a stock and machinery amounting to about $lOO,OOO. The fire did not reach this building, but the loss by Water and the damage to the leaf tobacco by smoke amounts to about $lO,OOO which is covered by insurance. About two hundred persons were em ployed in this factory. They are tempo-. rartly thrown out of employment. THE MYSTERIOUS MURDER IN CRON -IVELL.—The body of the woman who was - found murdered in an open lot near Crom well, Ct., a few days ago, has been recog nized as the remains of Mrs. Briesnick, the wife of a German shoemaker; residing for a. year past in Middletown. He tells two sto ries about his wife's absence—one is that she left home about two weeks ago to go to , Hartford for a letter from Germany, which was in the Hartford Post Office, since which he has heard nothing from her. The other story is that she left for New York with $250, and had sailed for Germany. An examina tion of the house where Briesnick lives dis closed her dress torn and bloody, and a gar ment found shows that it had been torn from the string or tape which was found about her body. The severe quarrel of Briesnick with his wife, and his:beating her some twelve days before the discovery of her body in a lonely field in the adjoining town of Crom well, is confirmed. He" evidently enticed his wife to Cromwell for the purpose of murder. Screams of a female were heard near midnight in Cromwell, on the night of the murder, but-the people who heard them supposed they came from a house of bad re pute, located in Cromwell, and nothing fur ther was thought of it at the thne. A:NEw. HAVEN man has been fined 0.5 for refusing to aid the firemen at the clock shop fire last week, when called upon by the proper authority.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers