1 VnaWE2 ZEHo -TO W-A NDA : \: • fiatarban fltorninu, tecembet 13 1 11931. PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE Frilow ritize , ll of the Senate and of the House of Representatives - : . . .. .1 coaoratulate you and our common constifueoey upon the lavorable,auspicies under which you meet for your first scss'on. Our country is at peace with all the wodd Thi.. , :a:lllation which, trii a lime, threatened to disturb the fraternal rola inns which make us one people, is fast subsiding ; and a year of general prosperity and health has crowned the naion A • , ill unu , ual blessings. None can look back l to the dan , dois wha,li are passed, or forward to the bright prospect before us. 11'1111011t le6111:4 3 thrill of vranneation, at the same time Ora: ;It: must be Im pressed tri:li'a , ratcful sen• , e of our profound obli gations to a twaiticrit l Ori,fettee, whose paternal rare is so maiiiresi in the happiness of this highly , f,lrored land - -, Since the claserif. the 14t Congress,-certain Cu bans' and other foreigners resident in the United States;.yrlio' were more at le - ss concerned iii. the pre vious invasion of' Ciiha,inteall of being discourag ed by Its failure, have again abused the hospitality of this country =#+y'making it the scene of the erpip •ment of another military expedition against that pus pes,on of her Catholic on,jesty• in which they were i•ditate.i. , ttee,l,:aided and . it toted by Ilte citizens of ;he Cm ed .‘...1.008. 011 fecrivifig intelli , ence that such desiL•ns wore entertained, I lost no rime i n is stsl,2 qieli if ituctions to the proper officers of the I used :rue: seemed seemed to be called lor by the or.- ta-i tn. By the•procl 4 manun, a copy of which is ie,ewitli snbeillied, I also warned itoise who might be in dancer or beirl4 niveig ed into this scheme cf f unlawful cli:Otler, avid of the penalties they it - •ul I incur. For snare time there were reasons to Lope that these measures had sufficed to prevent ;:ty miss Icies - pt. This hope, however, proved to , c.,!eiu-ive. ...Very ea, ly in die morning of the third lt,Ao l 2u-i, a steamer called the Pampers, departed t-,, m New (means for Cuba, having on board up ,ed...01 fair hundred arrne.l men, with evident in en't •ns a 0 make war upon the authorities of the is. y,,1. , pos expedition was Ism on foot in palpable i% f oration of the laws of the Ciiitel States. has lea er wa: a Spaniard. and several of the chief nth , ce73, and some rither cnfa.`ged in it, were loreign ,. Tno p. ions COlTlpilr.lng it, however, were rr -,:iy c i ..ivetis of the pined States. liv:arn the capeditiOu set out, and probably be :cif rwri: o :ganizo,4slight insurrectionary move-, which appeafs to,have been soon suppressed 4 :.tke.l place in fitah'iastern quarter of Cuba.-- I:ewe - lance, col this movement was unfortuilato -4a rnucli exaggtqated in the accounts of it pub -xi a, this country,that these adtenturersseemeil ace been led to believe that The Creole popula hrl :he Island not only desired lo throw oil the holey of the mothet country, brut had esolved a: ai.c, i.tep, and had begun a well cone - ter:led en. riPt , e he effecting The persons engaged in CC were generally young and ill...inform. 1. - The s•eamer iu.which they enj barked left- New .le3Ns and without a clearance. Alter g lit Wem, she proceeded to the coast Cuba. aria. e:i ilie night between the Itth : a ot An.:lta, landed the persons en board at Play • about weni:y leagues of Havana. main to,ly of them proceeded to, and took , cs,:on nl. ail inland village, six leagues distant, tyro_ Tiler+ to follow in the charge of the bag- T. as soot, a., the means of transportation cruld 'l) . acied The later, having takensuP their line larch to confteet tbemselves with the main body, having proceeded about four leagues into the try. were an Irked on the morning of the 13th toody nl Sparti4h troops. and a bloody conflict ;der ty;:ich they retreated to the place of laarca• i i n . %%here about filly of them obtained r.d re embarked ;herein They were, how. int-a r, ed arnon2 the keys near the shore by 171;•!i .Iclcllcr CM:1;111'2 ou the coast, captured erne Havana, ant, a Per :being examined .1 mi,,ey 0. - e) t!. were sentenced:in he pub qeetee I. a , . .l th 4 • , eteence was carried into ef• :1:e 16,', A i;,:•1 •:.• of whit had necouPd, E. A .1 1' tr, krr, was ittitrneted to ••• i tr-• S.Lranae to Ibavatta, and s .tualti<the per.ons wh.ch they were taken, h. , .r trial and sentonee. ums I:orn the Department of h.% letters to that Department, su...mined =I r, ~n IMIIE Ell t:,e. record of the examination, the ! t !:mned the otlences charged against ini , one invaders to the island. 'At :ne at their n..t an,i execution the main body ' ••,,;1 in the field, making war .ie • ,t;i a::.!borilles and Spanish.Fillbject4 day., bettez overcome by Mier tit4per.ett on the 24th of • o,r I..wier, uac captured some e tre . l 011 the Ipt of September. tent fv;tower; were kind, or .1 Litimie and. he test were matte 1 ( !lye rtimearetl to ; have been f•nv.iral of ?hem were pardoned of 'Oen friends and ethers. and tfte n.P :n.l sixty' is foirn4ler, were if 1 4 pOsition made of Mese, A information. ME hP rttstAt of this - illegal and Thna, thobghtless rating men 'sei , d, by fake larid frantinferit . repte. Pt. la violate the la w of their cot:milt; thun nd o N'th llSoltille,l expectations of 'assisting to ' 4l P - erolstions in, other Matert . end hie; tieundertakini. ion severe I.ly bepassed - , by the indigtugit `r corntrtotify, upon those who, being 't; - at , Plve., have yet led away' the a'l'! 'clod love ;of political " ~,r , ` :. ; ,)l::,lett c e be this govern relating lb' ltjls trarisrtion, 6:lenders against the law,k_bayii of their cotintry,yet ihe goy trtly h r a , 15 onomistent with-Pm o•ro•s, and IN fired pot In to eti!...-ee the laws, entertained symptr• famiLtes rtml friends; es eoi for - themselves I 11 t - t , etlort has neen spared, and Pi procure the release of such. l',,oed Slates, engaged in this unless aro nOw in confinement : in Spain : that such interposition with the t'l cour,iry may not I.‘" considered. zr , w:,d 01 expectation that the goy-- Sates will, hereafter, feel it- any 4'l. ,oto n of duty to intercede for paidon of such persons ne am fla-' .c7II;PT4 T qaitlit the law of natiia: -. S and the States. These lawsmust beese= l If" •lesire to maintain rat' roArieelabilild ‘ of the earth, if behoves us to tot Sternly ;Le neutrality ticts-Pacd ,rtA to le,lnw , av lar as may be; the ao . -3 won coodn,go riOnistunenl. • - • '7,Tw ESN . _ ..... . _.,... . --.. . . • .• . _ .......„ ""' s ' : ',.., •,-... , •,;•." ...' ,4,11 ;:ir ' ,:; . i - tt. -: ! - 1 , ;:;•,: : ; - -,-,,- ,...; .-: ; .' , - . -3 ,,,.. :', .,,,. ,' ,;; i . i.r , !.. ' ,.,..,.. 5 .;.: ' , 7 ,;,:,,.. 'f : ' ..., ' :,,, , : 17 . .; ; ;;,... .-: -- ti, 7,i'''..:..irtc"...'stv; 7. . z .f ,,, C ,. :::1 -, : , t-,t7. . 1.- 2"f" . .) , ,. ?-- 1. :•:,4;5 . .-' , i ' '.t.l'. ' ,l •14. • ••.Jl.-',',-•,' , , , ,„•; , ,•,i ~~,,- - , ,1'.,:1. i • ,, li'''': . ?' 1....- -': ' :-' F .1, -!„ , ), , ,,,.." :, , ' i'' , - - ,"„•.t .:::,, t),• - % : .. ~, _ ._ . . , ..zi, r .,, : ---;, :''',' :; . •:_... .:-. ~ i, , :-.„.„.. • , „:, . ~. • 0,, , , , , .,„:1 4 - I „:„..;... , 2 i 1 ~.."-• !..4,.;,,.. 1.... I '',:.',..,-',, '-;: 4 .!".' -- " ,, .:,.(,. , z;" • Z ,. - • . !i 17- ~.., ,:•!: 7- s.y, . i .!. !:„ . !,,- . - it ~ ......? . , ,,i ..•: ~.,,- :„•,- r: ~,„.. ,4.,,,.. ~.„ -,. Tr .; '-.,,,,,..< ~.; _s::i ~ .4'.i. ' I::: : %:i_ - .:":' . '''.' . . 1, . , I”. s"' r2ll/ .!l if, Q - fiztle , ' . , ......t:/:. .: .. . ~...:,'; , , J 6 11.; 'F.;3 i ... .• t. , 41 .1 „, ... _ I .. . . ..:, ;..`,.. . ~..4- . . -,, :11,r't .P.:.: 2!, :„. • .'! ''. 5 . -,- ' 1 , ~....' --,:', ..f., , ',--, - '. ...,,.....;; ::.'-':, -,-,:-.•e. -.. ,. 7. 1 ':. - r.i r?Ssr- .i -, i, !". , ...i,, , Avit, - ;i• ir -.ln 1,,, , ,, ~, , , . . ~_2. , „.. ~- ~.e; , ~tt•- -, •.,• 1:I:T.:, ..:- 7 •: - f - t'i, •ir-, . ~.. ' '" : -. ' "4 . .... - z-V , , , ,! 4 , 1";' ,. .•.ttt,, - ; — ;''fi ,', 7::'t , .: - .,; , ti i - .• • ' ;...... ~,, : ~,,,:-.:, - 1.ii,,,i.... - 1...... -,......:., ..,,,, (.3.± . 1.;;,;:•,. :, :., ' '.,! '''' - : -.' • , ~.),., . • ..-' ,'....-;/-:: . , W .. ' ' '-' s ''' •'• ''''.• ' .", - ''' :''. •.. ' ' t' • s.. ..',. .- 1 . , - - - , i , . ...;....: I .;i:ir.f.::-- 1 1.. , ,,—• .. •..... ~ '... :. :. •-: ...; , ..,..., ... . ,- . • - • '• • 77 •-{ i 7 But W A t hatgives a peculiar criminality to en vasien. of Cuba is, that itieder the lead. of Spanish subjects and With.the•Jiitl of citizens of the United states, it, had its origin, with, many, in motives of cupidity. -Money was 'advanced by individuals, probably irr considerable ameunia.topnrchase. Cu• ban bonds, as.they have been called, issued byiLet pez, scild,..doubtless,,at- a very. large discount, and for the payment•of which the public lands and pub lic. psoperty of-Cuba, of whatever kind,' and the fis cal. resources of the people and government.pf -that from whatever - source to be derived. .wete Pledged, as well'as the good faith-of -the govern ment expected lo be established. All these means or payment, it is evident, weretonly to be obtained by a procesefof bloodshed, wit, and revelation.— None will deny that those who set on fool military expeditions against foreign' etatee by means like these, are fir more culpable than the •ignorant and the necessitous whom they induie 'to go forth as the osiehSible parties in the proceeding. These origi nators of the invasion of Cuba seem to have deter. Mined, with eeolnesS and system,•epon an ,under taking which should their e'ountry, :violate its laws, and pot to hazard the lives of "ill-informed and delvdell Men. rou . willCorisider whether lur• ther legislation be necessary to *event 'the perpe tration of such offences in (Mine. No individuals have a right to hazard _the peace 61 the country, or to violate its laws upon vague no tions of altering or reforming governments in other states. This principle is not only reasonable in I:- sell, and in accordance with public laws, but ie , en. grafted into the codes of other nations as well as our oWn. ,But while such are Lte sentiments of this government, it may be added that every independ ent nation must be presumed to be able .to defend its possessions 'against unauthorized individuals banded together to attack them. The government of the United States, at all times since its establish ment, has abstained, and has benefit to restrain the citizens of the conntiy, from entering into centre verstes between other, powers, and to observe 'all the defies of neutrality. At an early period of the government, in the administration of Washington, several laws were passed ter this purpose. The main provisions of the s e laws, were re-enacted by the act of April, ISIS, by which, amongst other things, it was declared. that* if any person shall, within the 'territory or jurisdiction of 'the united States, begin, or set foot, or provide, or prepare the means fir any military expedition or enterprise, to he carried on from thence against the teiritory or dominion of any foreign prince or state, or' . of :try colony, district, or people with whom the United States are at pe.tce, every person so offending, shall be deemed guiliy, Lit a high misdemeanor, and shall be lined riot exceeding . three thousand dollars, and imprisonment not more than three years ; and this law has been executed and enforced, to the full ex tent of the power of th . e government, fronisthat day to this. • In proclaiming and adherirg to the doctrine of neuron iry and non-intervention, the United States . have riot fullnwed the- lead of other civilized na lions; they have taken the lead themselves, and have been followed by ethers. This was admitted by one of the meat eminent of modem British states men, who said in parliarnert, while a minister of the crown, ‘• that, it lie wished for a guide in a B.YEL te m of neutrality, he stieuld take that laid down by America in the (lays of liVashington and-the secre taryship ofJellerson ;" and we see, in fact, that the act of Congress of 11+18 %vas-followed the succeed ing year. by an act or the l'ailiament of England, substantially the same iti . its general provisions.— Up to that time there had been no similar law in England, excepting highly penal statutes passed in the reign' of George 11. prohibiting English subjects from enlisting in foreign :service, the avowed object of w hich statutes was, that foreiun armies, raised for the purpose of restoring the hcase of Stuart to the throne, should net be strengthened try recruits from England herself. All mum see thiit difficolriespay arise in carry. ing the laws referied to ifoOexectuion in a Country now having threis'.or four thousand miler of sea coast, with an infinite number of ports and harbors and small inlets, from some of which unlawful ex peditions may suddenly set !oral, without the loriwledge of goirernment ; against the posses:ions dl forei:tn states: Friendly relations with all, but entangling ailian ces with none, has long !Seen a maxim nil us Our tru'e mi , sina i. not to probate our opinions, or impose...upon ol.er ?Counties our fo rm of govern 'herd, by a.:itice or lorce -,'but to teach 1 - 1,- example, and .holy by :ar success, moderation and insuce, gni blessings of self-government, and the inira n ia. gP, of I:ee inF01.t0,,,0.. 1, , !: c V r . ry ,people choose for itself, and make and alter its polities!, institutions to sun es own co.:donut and convenience. '‘lfin, while we avow and maintain ilus neutral policy our selves; we are anxious to see the same forbearance on the part of other nations, whose lorms of govern meal are diffelent Irom onr Own. The deep inter est which we feel in the spread of liberal principles anti the establishment of free governments, and the sympathy with which we witness every strumle against oppression, forbid that_ we should be indif ferent to a ease in which the strong arm of a fir: ergs power' is invoked In stifle public Sen'irrient and repress (hit mint of freedom in any country. 'ne aorerywortos of Great liritam arid France have issued orders to their naval conutianders on the ‘‘'.••:: India minion TO prevent by force ; it pee. t..sary-,'lfic laliding of any adventurers from any'na tier, oil the island (.r . Cuba aNi hostile int.:. - ,nt. The cony of a nwrrioiailikm, of a convctSation i on this" . set-leo. bin :t.t.eti the Charge ri . iflairi of het nritafir • rile Ito) , ' l 3" . antti the-Aiding Secretury.of Stair:,-and. ; of a subsequent note of . the , former to th e - OttPirt-. mend of State, are herewith submitted; together .e 01 f a cops• tif ailota of the Actin_ Secretary of. State_ to effd Antifsi4 orVie; French septiblie ; and tit' the re- pj.s , of thiii.Utli , ,,•or4.,the banle ; 54,kitet• , :iiiqP o Fl-o- ' pers _Will acquaint you,with the grounds of t is in terprisitiOn of the two lending commercial e wers Of Eurepe, and With the apprehensions tvA ich thri governnent could pot. fail to ddertain, that such hi terposeion,,if carried into effect ; c might lead tripbu. set; in dero.plion of the matiiirrie rights of the ifiiifi. ed Staies are Touniled on a firm, secueo; . and -well: defined basis j they stand upon the gionnif of IC'ti'l tionallri-Teperidence and public law, and - will be maintpmed. in WI jii . eir full and ;ust.extent,R : • • The principle which this government hOs hereto. ri,rtl sole ninly ar,nonne.a: if still adheres tO,atti!,...Will maintain wider airciredM'stainfes ar,orf l lllll flOorriii• That prhiciple' is, tha!t iii every regularly &On:tent ed In e rch alit • v essel, "Ali e cemt• who naVi4alft if t atta tho 4. hr k bit!'ii•ii -- Of ii,:iyilt find their proteclien,in,tbg . 'flag Wintrh is Over , therm No Arneticatt !'ship pin br-allowed•to be vi" iterl,Orsearched ,foi .the purpose of aseettaining; the charaCtevofiadiviiloOls ou.bnardi nor 'call there,be...aflowed ar, wittaltabi.the.Feliell of any foreign .64tiorKqyer Airiericaii,ves,sels motto coasts ori 4 e. pkitea,,sin T ps rkr the seas adjacent there. to. ft 741 tie seen-by-the last communiqation,frern the Oritilh-Qtergia d!-Affaires torhe-Depttment ! :47l ,State; that , he is militarized to assure the. ,Secrejary, of state that evety.eareovill be, taken that, in' Cie ectieg the proventi,ve rneasiires treainssdhe-experlf -lirmsr wh ielv , I he-. Un iced States finvernit al Ilan has denounced -as•not -being-_entitleilruitAbe imolai' , non off n" government,--no interference 'shall:Aker place with the latiful - commerceof any natitun . l - 141 la -ndditiorr tothe entresmindenee*Mthit; rubjectO iterewitli.taturiiitedpollicial - itiforatatioiv-; hatvtreett received at the Department of •StatC et assurances h r it's r,citelt geverninent !hal f hirtle,nt,lergiven' ITIRASHED EVP i.l ‘SATURDAY'AT TOWAXIXA, BRADFORD COONTL, i'44,;,8Y E. O'MEARA GOODRICH. to the French naval rorcee, they . ,were expressly in stil:toted, in any operations they _ might an, to respectithe'flurof the -United States- Vherevet it might appear, and coma it enact of hostility upiut .any vessel orlarmarnen( pniler its protection. Ministers atid cOnsiili of foreign nations are the means and"itgents'ortorrimunicationt between' tis end those nations, and it is of the utmost importance that, while residing in the . couritry r they. should feel a perlent.segurity so, long as they faithfully dia._ charge their respectieduties and are guilty of no violation of our lawn. ' 'the' admitted law of nationeyand no country his a deeper interest- in maintaining it than the - tinited States. Our com merce spreads (070 f evety - seaand visits every clime, .and oar . ministers and consuls are appointed to pro tect the.intcrests of thalcommeice, us well as to gbard the peace of the country and maintain the honor alit!: flag. But how tan they discharge these duties unless they be themselves protected ; and if protected, it must be by. the laws of the country in ..which they . reside. And what is due to our own public func tionaries in foreign nations is exactly the measure of what is due to the functionaries of other governments residing here. As in war, the bearer of flags of truce are sacred, or else wprs would be interminable, so in peace, embassadorS, public min isters, and consuls. charged wrh friendly national intercourse, are 'objects'ofespecial respect and pro tection, each according to the rights belonging to his rank and station. In view of these important principles, it is with deep mortification and regret. I ,announce to you that, during the excitement growingout of the exe trillions at Havana, the office of her Catholic majesi ty's consul at New Orleans was aisaileth by a mob; his property destroyed, the Spanish flag found in the office carried off and torn in pieces, and he him self induced to flee for his personal saf e ty, which .he supposed to be in danger. On receiving intelli gence of these evenN I forthwith directed the at torney of the United States residing at Now Orleans to inquire into the facts and the extent of the pecu niary loss sustained by the consul, with the inten tion of laying them befortkyou, that you might make provision for such indemnity to h u m as a just regard for the honor of the natior and the respect which is due to a friendly power, might in your judgment, seem to require. The' correspondence upon this subjece between the Secretary of State and her Critholte majesty's minister plenipotentiary is here. with transmitted. The occurrence at New Orleans has let: me to give my attention to the state °tole Jawi' in regard to foreign ambassadors, ministers, and consuls. I think the le-tistatinn of the country is deficieht nt not providing sufficiently eithei for the protection or the punishment of consuls. I therefore recom mend.the subject to the consideration of Congreiss. Your attention is again invited topes question of reciprocal trade between the United States and Can• ads, and other British possessions near our frontier. Overtures for a convention upon this subject have been received from the Britanic Majesty's Minister PlenipreentiarY, but it seems lobe hi many respects preferable that the matter should be' regulated by reciprocal legislation. Documents are laid before % ' you showing the terms which the British govern ment is. willing to offer, and the measures which it may adopt, if some arrangement upon the subject shall rot be made. From the accornpaning copy of a note from the British Legation at Washington, and the reply of the D i epartmsr t of State thereto, i will appear that her Britannic Majesty's government is desirous that a part of tits boundary line between Oregon and the British pnssessions should be authoritatively marked out, and that an intention was expressed to apply to Congress for an appropriation to defray the expense' thereof on the part of the United States. Your atten tion la this subject is accordingly invited, and a proper appropriation recommended. A convention for the adjustment ofelaims of citi zens of the United States against Portugal has been concluded, and the ratifications have been exAang ed. The Met instalment of the of the amount to be 'Pi:lid by Portugal fell due on the 30th of September last, and has been paid. The President of the French republic, recording to the provisions of the eon vention, has been select ed as arbiter in die case of general Armstrong • and has signified that he accepts the tram and the 'high itstisfat lion he feels in acting as the common friend of the two riatinieff; with which F-ance is united by sentiments of sincere and lasing amity. The Turkish government has expressed its thanks for the kind reception given to the SOthri e s agent, .\ min Bey, on the necasion of his recent visitto the rnitrd States. On the flSth of February last a des patch was addressed by tire Serrelary of State to Mr. .Nliits•ll, the A rrirritran Minister at Conwaritino pie, ins:l - nu:in; him to tisk of the Tutkisit govern- 1 me i n perm 00 for the Ihme ' at ianq, then l inprisua ed within the dominions of the Sublime Porte, to remove to thiscountry. On the 3d of March last both Houses of Congress passed a resolutien, re queptintt the President to authorize the employe,ent of a public vessel to gurney to th country Louis Koren/di and his associates m captivity. The institution above referred to was, complied with, and the Turkish emetriment have released giwertior Kossuth anti his companions from prison, on die 10th of September last they emharked on boa, I of the United'States steam:frit:we Mississippi, which was selected In carry into effect that iesols• iirm of Congress. governor filessnth lett the Miss issipni Gibraliar, for . the purpose of making a visit :0 Enelatid, and !tiny shchtly be expected in New York By commenicationS to the Department of State he hart es:tiresSett - hi:4 grrittefril acknowledg ments for the iseerpositton of thiigevernment tit be half of. himself and his aSsociatea.. This-:country has been justly mg:hided as a:safe assium.for those itirhott poli ital'ventittaveierriletktionsatteir - own homes in t iiropel and it is - nectimmended-to Con greSii to Cousider lir wit at in inner Governor Kossuth and his companions, *ought hillier by its authority, shall be reeelvetland fretted. It is earnestly to be hoped that 'the •tlifierence which have fereetne 'lime 11111%if' beew pending be tween the goveihment of - the 'French reptiblic and that of theSaildwieh islands, may be petacably - and durably •adinsted,lai'ss - tei secure thelitdepentlence of' those islands. Long polar° the events Which have of Irate imparted Ott ranch importance to the pn l 2sesinn s, ( 414 e u u it e a ,states _on- the Pacifie, we rick ninileited the inilelrenJrence nt • the tinwailan goy! rtlment. Titis Cl9rerniftent jo i tiiking that'siep, anti 6110.1;01, of the lending pfin...es2l robe inimeillatelk . loloWea: ' 1 V O were jrlfhlPngP.l iii thiS meainre by the exititig.and.prospeet'iVitirn riririariee of tins t,land pia place, or_reltwe arnf fre,ftmentTor oqr vessels' engaged Mthe .vhafelisn ery. ankby, the Fensi4erntion that ,they icy comse of the great tyadoWfuch. trine!, at .no., Assintil carried on between the western : c045t,..94 ti0n4 : 414 - iericaand ]astern . . west 4 alse,infloppeed by . a desire ,tbd! 11inse islands should not piss untli.r the control of .any other great nimitime , stitte f . bashould remain. mean iodepentleotvondition v - and oevesfible , and uEotol to Om converoo,of ali:natiortg.. 1 Awed, uot Say that-liteimpcirtnnrent;these considerations: tilts Wen greatly enbanaeri by:the autltlen .and traatdet velopmenisrlach theinterestact,thelidited,Ststes ha eauaiuod iriL California , andi:Ologots ;Ana policy heretofore ..sAnpted inie.gardicpthese hihnd s 10i1Vbe 8441(14. inn-trued. _Mt Is gratifying 4lor 'who eonsidei the commercial interests of nations, hot also to all'Vho fatior the fangt:ess - of ktuViil5 1 1tgo and the - , itifttAnn t i r.re4DlEss OF OrNrscuriox rit.q4 ANY , tcIFAW!.r.,7 NIMBI of religion, to see aeoroiriunity . entergef 'from a sav -flee State arid attain Sikh a - degree of Civilization in ilTosedlistant - .".- •' ' • It is much te , be deplored that 'the internal ifran quility of, the' lexicau again 4 8 80. /musty diittubed, ; 'for, since tfte peace between that 'repbblie and the Unites Stated, it had 'enjoyed such - crortiparative repose that the Most favorable' atttici pationss for the- future:might,. with a .degree.of con sfidence have been indulged...,These, however, 'have been thwarted by the- - recent outbreak in the State of Tamaulipas, on the right bank of the Rio Bravo. Having received informaticin that persons from. the United States had taken part in the insur rection, amtapprehedingsthat their example might be fotlowed.by others, I caused orders to be issued for the Purposii•Ofpreveritiiig any hostileexpeditions against , htesion from being set on foot in violation of the laws of the United-States. c 1 likewise issued a proclamation upon the subject, a copy ol which is herewith laid before. you. This appeared to be rendered imperative by the obligations of treaties and the general ditties of good neighborhood. In my last-annual message I informed Congress that citizens of the United Stateshad undertaken the connexion of the twoiveans by means of a railroad across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, under a grant ol the -Mexican governmrAit to %citizen ol the repub lic; and that this enterprise *mild probably be pro secuted with energy whenever hlexico should con sent to such stipulations with the United States as I should impart a feeling of security to those who should invest their property in'the enter Prise. A convention between the two govemerrenta for the accomplishment of that end has been ratified by this government, and only awaits the decision of the Congress and the Executive of the public.' Snme unexpected difficulties and delays have arisen in the ratification of that convention by Mex ico, but it is to be presumed that hex decision will be governed by just and enlighteped views, as well of the general importance of the object, as of her own interest and obligations. In negotiating upon this important subject, this Government has had in view one, and only one ob ject. This object has beeu, and is the construction or attainment of a passage from ocean to ocean, the shortest and theliest for travellersand merchandise, and equally open to all the world. It has sought to obtain no territorial acquisition, nor any advan tages peenliar to 1180 ; and it would see, with the greatest regret, that Mexico should oppose any ob stacle to the accomplishment of an enterprise which promises so much convenience to the whole corn • mercial world, and so much eminent advantages in Mexico herself. Impressed with these arntlments and the:e convictions, the Government will contin ue to exert all proper efforts to bring the necessary arrangement with the republic of Mexico for the speedy completion of the work - . For some months past the republic of Nicaragua has been the theatre of one of those civil convuls ion., from which the cause of free institutions, and tt e general prosperity and social progress of the state of Ceuteral America have so often and so se verely suffered. Until quiet. shall have been restor ed, and a goAemment apparently stable shall have been organized, no advance can prudently be made in disposing of the questions pending between the two countries. I am happy to announce that an inter-oceanic comninnierition from themouth of the St. John to ' the Pacific has been so far aceemplished as that pas. sen2ers have actually traversed it, amtmerchandise has been trim-ported ever it; and when the canal shall have been completed, according to the origi- ' nal plan, the means of communication will be fur ther improved. It is understood that aconsiderable part of the rail road across the Isthmus Panama has been complet ed, and that the mail and passengers will ut future be ci - inveyed thereon. Whichever of t!iti several touts between the Iwo oceans may ultim tely prove most eligible for tray. eters to and mom the different Statesonihe Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico and our wig on the Pacific, there is little reason to doubt itTal all al them will houseful to the 'subtle, will liberally reward that individual enterprise, by which alone they have been or are expected -to be carried into-ettear. Peace has been concluded between the contend• ing parties in the island ofSi. iSom j tgn , anti it is hoped upon adorable basis. " Such IS the eaten tof our commercial relations with the islntul, that the, Caned States cannot tail :eel a strong interest in . The other; of Commi , ,inner to China remai:4 untitled .everaf percons have been appcin';:d. ion! the place has been ofierel to others, r of whotit deelmell is aeceptant - t , , on the ,ground of the in.rderviary:‘,l the compenttlion. The annual aflow. ctice by law n : - G,oco, and there is no prolvision for any outfit. t z-amiitty recommend the. consul ennon of th subject to Congress. Our commoree with China is highly important, and is becoming more and more so, in consequence of the increas. ing intercourses be4een nor ports on the' Pacific - cOnst and EasternAsta. China is understood to be a country in. which livingia very exponsive,arrul know of no reason why the American Commission er sent there should not he placed. in regard to corn: pensation, on nn equal looting with Ministers who represent this country at tire coots of Europe., By references to theitepott of the Secretary -of the Trea , ury, it will he seen thit the aggregated re. corers for the hist listal•Year amount tr172.312;579,- 87 : which ; with the haterieh rn the treasury itti the of joty IRSO . a. , the available means• for: the year, the sum of :58,9.17,624._36 . , . . 7 • expenditures for the same period,.were , • . Thc 'fatal ire ports for the year ending 80th rime, 1851;Nrere • - - $215,7-5.995 Of which. there , wee in specie,..::. 4,967,00 i Exports , for game ,period. were... . Kg) Of which there were. of, • . . domstreets .:.: ' Prtaftt 178.5411;556 ' Foreign goods re-exp0rted,...9,7'38,896' .... 29,24,e80 , -•,• • .J. , . . 517 1.10 Since the first of December ;lastlthe payment in cash, en OCVOUta n( the publio,debt. exclusively of interest, hive timminted to ,51,,4,6 9; how: ever;-includesthirstitn ce53 . 242,400 . jiiid ondei' the 12th article - of the treatyvvrith?"lexico; and the fur Iter , sum-0f.,,tF4,591,213 4 0, 1 13 p km ttie : atnounk of awards to_Americanyilizens .nntlet the laie.tr9ty with I t tlexlizo,lorivfirch The of Meek 'was nit thoVised, ilii•aisb in therTrciathi;' Ike public de4l On. I lie.,2olll,ultimo t excle.viro.ol the stork authorised to be issued to Textis by, the act of 9th of September, -1850, was 562,360;396:1 26. The receipts for theilist lischlYeur tire istirnalPtt at . 551.800,009, Asia icll,, with Ale ,prolAble uoappro kr priatel.bp I acoo,lo the .Tre4sgry i ,oo.,llte,394l4, nett will giyO ei: o te PrOlisibte avallatite . inearis . for ilial) - Car, ifie 'shin' - r5d3,2153;74V*2-'- '-' l . . - " I ''' ' '' ` ! t 16?4 beck ilit6iiiedtiriv6i; iffrieir'bri!itilahii expenditdresinosequentupon:the inquisition-441dg: fil"Yr-frOffl 'Alt*Sti.;o al4httifttlliPlMs ;19.0 1 mIltAt r e P A •Y e A r : sl ) o94 l 4 o,itlid,_,o l 9N- 1 -.'9 l greMir,VP,Fiti reovfiOne'r - as iii'il iStinOtiltiTi 1 liti' etiOilt de fieci Wye.: Oiii i itTrOrtilteieltierUSilooliOitry clOritiiiiTiu - pbfi' thirTteatAtort;rt; '.44 7 :11 .7 1t Efil-J . wit..: " V -7 '. - .. if . SIM;" ', .' 7 ~ 1 1)E tz .±91s)Ipe4pPtuliggset P;q 41 1.9J tiftx.‘j*AlSSßE, era . - estpuelf4l % ..?2,4r... 1 2#,?, V),,o,syhto 4ltre:irl recihired t(ir'llie - orlitoirk purposeti" of th4 , Xo4th: to tni4 i IsliC i therrt Nisei: ortier;iferit lopoti" the-Wm-1W: BEE , salon of our new teiriteries., and derhisting the pay. mintit'on' Umbria! of public • debt,' We sum of - - 4 33:;• 34a,198 08 ;find for'the purposerroonnected titrerft -4 with those territories, and.thelollfillment of the Obligations of , the government, contracted insonse -gnence of their , augural:ion, the...sum of ..9,5•19,101,: . . 11. I fthe . views of the - Secretary-of the Treasurysin reference to• the expenditure required for,thessi-ter ritories shalt be met by corresponding Relien nn the part of Congress. and apprepriatioris made in de: contanee therewith, there will be an estimated neapproprinted balance in the Treasury on the 30th June; 1853; of 820,366,443 90,.. wherewith' to meet that portion of the, public due on the first July lot: lotting, amounting to 56,237,931 35, Rs well as any approririntious which may be' made beyond the estimates. In the referingio the estimated expenditures on account of our newly acquired_ territories, I may express the hope, that Congress will concur with me in the desire that a liberal course of polley be pursued towards them, and that every - ohlin.ation, express or implied, entered into in consequenceof their acquisition shall be fulfilled by the mustleber., al appropriations for that purpose. The value of our ilemestio exports for the - last fiscal year, exhibit nn increase of 943,616,322. , At first view his condition of our trade with foreign nations would seem to present the most flattetin,g hopes of its future prosperity. An examination of the details of our exports, however, will show that the increased value of our exports for the last fiscal year is to be found in the high price of cotton which prevailed define - the first half of that year, which price has since declined about one-halt. The value of our exports of breachstufls and pro visions, which it supposed the incentive of a low tarifl and large importations from abroad,- would have greatly angnmented. has fallen from 0.58,70 921, in 1847. to 026,051 373 in 1850, and to 621,- 9 : 18,653 in 1851 with a strong probability, amount. ing almost to a certainty, of a still further ream -lion to - the current year. The aggregate values of rice exported the year, ascompared with the two precious year s also ex hibit a decrease amounting to :460,917, which, with a decline in the values of the exports of tobac co for the same period,make an aggregate decrease in these two articles of $1,156;151. The policy which dictated a low rate of duties on foreign merchandise, it was thought by those who promoted and establi-hed it, would tend to benefit the farming population of this country, by increasing the demand and raising the price of ag ricultural products in 'foreign markets. The foregoing facts however, seem to' show in cutestably that no such result has fhlterweil the a. doption of this policy. On the contrary, notwith: standing the repeal of the restrictive corn taws in England the foreig n demand for the products ohne American farmer has steadily declined, since the short crops and consequent famine in a f.ortion of Europe have been happily replaced by full crops and comparative aburi t lanee of food. It will be seen p by revering Ad the - Comdierelal statistics for the past year that the value of our do-. mestic exports has been increased le the girlie item of raw cotton by $40,000,000, o er the value of that export for the year precedinr7. - This is not due to arty increased general demand for that arti cle but to the short crop of 4he preceding year, which created an increased demand and auemee tett price for the crop oflast year. Should the cot ton crop now going forward to- market be only. e qual in quantity to that of the year preceding, and be sold at the present prices,, then there would be a faller" off in the value of our exports fur the present year of at least 40.000 000 compared with the amount exported for the year ending 30th June. 1851, The production of gold in California for the past year seems to promise a large supply of that metal horn that quarter for some tire,e to Come. This large annual increase of the currency of the - world must be attended with' its *meal results. - These have been already partially disclosed in the entwine ment of priced and a rising spirit of spneetarine an d adventure, rename. to overtratling aehome srvvrtell ealtbrortd. Troteirs -- sime sa:atary cheek shall be given to these tendencies, it is to be feared that portations n 7 toteien dry goods be youth a healthy. demand in this conntrir trill tomtit, a sudden drain of the pitetons metals from us, bringing wish it, 114 it has done in former times, the most (tinstroi) conseqperees to the, bosltterg' arid capital of tfie; American peeple." The exports of specie to Ipzidate- 61r fereign debt during the past fiscal year ha, ,i, beer:B2l,26S r, 919'orer the amount of specie impeded. The ex portis of specie durtn:; the first qua ter of the plea tr , - - cal year have been 514,921,R27. Should specie corn inue to be' exported at- this rate I , r the remaining ihree.quarters or this . year, it will drain from our metallic currency *lu ring the year ending 30th June, 1852, ther.enormons amount of 4 5'5a,607,- 308. - - 1r the present prosperous contl,tiorLnk the patine • al finances, it will become the duty or cfmgress to . cntliider the test `moile of pa} ing: OR the public debt:, lithe present and anticipated surplus - in 'bit Treasni y.shotild not be aloppbed by approprianntis• of evraoriliaary, cliaraer.er, this surplus slmpld ' empltiyel in such a ay, and tinder such "resfliet• ionq; trinzrrsn mar r nact i • extitiguiAirt• the unhanding debt of the nation. refoieuco to the act of Congretql, approted flth'eoetpber,l,S4l, it will seen ,1141, in cop. sidetattoP el certain Concessions t.v the. tale , of Tech frig" that the 'tvElrtiltitd Sficeii!ply to. ilia S4to , or Te ia he an tri r6l ith'4nitttnorte, trf dollar& in a eta* be:trikig . ,ls-p,ei rent-Intl:tett; and, - retteentable at the eittl of fourteen sears, the est Payable . halt yeatlx, .at 'file TreaMirk ale • • iti•the - lainentuleh of the Liu.: it •lAt: furthet-prel`• videll. duel u poi - o,llmbmjlitomr,.ol.ertid mod:. shet ipmetl until the_ ,erekli , .orti of the state holk 1 :1 lag tittl'Uth'er eerfificateS itdrl 'of Texas, for - itAhich - dirtieir tbe+ei first file at the Treasuty of the United - States telelses tif•all,claiins:exainst the United States, hat , or o account of mild bonds nr certifieatee; itt spelt" forMe as shall be prescribed by The Secretary of khe Treasury and approved - by the President of the Uniteit•Blams.." • term of Memo thus provitled' for haft, beetit prerciribcd by the Sreprotay of the Tr easurk, and ar prove 4. !t has,heen Rutti4l4 iti,.. all the leadin g . newipapins In the - ecurtnieni t il Viiir es t" Stnlei anti hit`pi tßtffift e! the retriif gpmeifled.in iht!!-foregoinz piovidn winensegnired to. file tbeir re;ewes (in .the Treafiny, ,Uniter,t,l State ; s : on or . b ' i - , lore the 1.1 day ril 'Oetpber, A Won figh 'thls titlitatiori has' been' - cunt hied troth' the 26tIritiy-ef.Threb, 1851. Fault to the INt - Of pmnbes:last,eomparatistely.kw releases. had 'beers fled .. h .r.,.the creililorsM . ', l )44 ' , authorities of the, State of Taxas, nt the, te qtir:st csitheSet:retail, of thii 4Phfilnle nhthe rinblictjilebt Siaie' creat4ed prior-teAer- arlintirFicur icor! the' Union. ir:04 ,1, c.., 0 11, 4' 1 44e , laws. ll n4ef. 'II high:each glass was'enntrarted. !ha' ' Stared "Fekils; tletervid‘tett - ille - - - efoise4 , hl elarrii!r• .whiebilrlmyjatlpmewitallr.withiril:baprof isibas.'hf 11 .3 8 c t.c.c9. 1 ,,re,m1.(4V,. 4 .101.,f'f; e.Ptetl?k l o so l ,01,thbeingontettipy illlOrtllett ot The aceeptai of pr6nosition'ettni l i r i4 , , m 4 lll° 'are ,ed In j 1-erinsedith'e stock re, •he prerareil ith,l the " P `›Z , 4ZiarVit'ir f. 4 5:".4-0 2 S ;Aci ‘47 , - „ f r _ r , • ' BM ftvaMillions which are to be issned envie/how ally bearing an interest' of five per cent, Rom- the Ist they of Januar)',lBsl liaiVe lot Airline flmelia.fr to be deliieted to the State of Texas.. The a 110,14 ties lit Tway', tip to the erksent time, have,fititan thOrigeht anY one he receive this'aloek atiCreAaiii m the Treasury Drplirtrilent, Subject to thi order i • of Texas. The releases required te,' the law 10 fie deposit ed in the Peas:try, not having been 'Ned there, the remaining it ve millions have not been issued, This last amtintit of the stock will be withheld from Texas, ontil the conditions uppn which it is to be'rhehivered shall be C'cirnplied *ith by the credit: ors of l thaf Stam. noless• Congress shall othefiristi direct by 11 modification of the law. ..-, ~ hi my last annual message, to which I - respect-. fully reter,h sated briefly thoaeason vrhieh eeforc ed me to rcitornm end a modification of the present tariff, by eniivertivg the - ad valnrem into Frith a specific dory- wherever the article imported wee' of such a character as to permit it, and. that suck a diccrirninceion shenid he Made, in favor of the in dristrioui pursui's of our own country, as to enceitir nge-- honie 'pristuction - Withont etclutling 'foreign Competition. • The numerous treads which continue to be prat--; tiseil upon the revenue, by false invoices‘and up= derval iations, ecinsjitute an nnswerathe'reasan ler ailoptire.# specific nil vahnertt dillies in ali.eitles where the nature of the commodity does not furl bid it. A Striking illustration'ot-ihese frauds wi I be exhibited in the Report ol the Secretary of the Treasury, showing the eastern house' valuation of articles imported tinder a former la* subject to specific duties, when there was no inducement 43 undervaluation, and the custom. house -valua tions of the same an ictes, under the present sys tem of ad valorem duties, so greatly reduced as to hese no deubt of the eiistence of the Moil fla: grant abtises ender the eXisting laws. This prier timil evasion of the present law, combined with the languishing condition of some' of the great in terests of the country, caused by over importations and consequent depressed prices, and with faffUre in obtaining - Agri market for our increaSinr; swims of brea rano and provisions, has induced me again ro,recc amend a modification of the ex isting tariff. The refine 6 the ..ecretary orate interior, Which a:Companies t ris communication, will preielit s condensed statement of the operations of that ilea portant department of the Government. ~ It will be seen that the .caslfsalea of the public lands exceed those of the preceeding year t autl that there is reason to anticipate a still further increase, notwithstanding the large donations which" have been made to man-, of the States, and the liberal grants to individoals as a retv,oil for military ser f vice. This fact furnishes very graiifying evi dence of the growing wealth and j•ro-perity of our country. Suitable measures have been adopted for:font: mencing the survey ofthe public lands in Califoinis and Oregon. Surveying parties have been organ- /zed. and some progress has been. made in, estab- fished the principal base and meridian line 4. Rut further legislation and additional approPriatilms will be necessary before the proper - subdivisions can be made, and the general land system extended. over those remote parts of our territory., , On the 3,1 of March last an act was paised pro: riding for the appointment of three cnimnissoneri tof settle all private land claims in California.. Three persons Were immediately appo wee., all of whom, however, declined accepting the office, in conse4 (pence Of the inadequacy of the compensation.— Others were promptly selected, who, for the same reason also declined ; and it was not until late in the: session that the service of sutablept rsons could be secured. A majority of the cenunisistouers conven ed in this city, on the 10th of Septeintier last, when detailed instructinns were given to thefn in regahil to their duties. Their first meeting torthe transacts ion of tipsiness will be held in San Frentisco, on the 6:13 day ofthe present month. . s T h,ii.e thought it Proper to refer to these facts, riot only tplain the cause of the •delay_in,f/11.4...z the, eqtam:uisio buh , to_-eaft yottr ritienrion to tee proptiety of lax asing the compensations of • the commissioners. e office is one .431 . great tabor end responsibility, and the compensation should :be such as to .command men of a high baler of talents and the most unquestionable integrity. The proper disposal of the .mineral lands of Cali farina is a subject surrounded by great difficulties.' in.my•last annual Message I recommended dieser! vey and sale of them in small parcels, under such' resit - lotions as would effectually guard against mon opoly anti speculation. But tipon inherent/re', snit io deference to the opinions of persons Mini lint Wier the FULit'Ll, / am , inclined to charge :11w recornmen dation, and to advise that they be_peirnitted lot re, main, as at present, a cornmian field. open io, the . enterprise and industry of all eitizerrs, unlit ftirflier experiments shall-have dev.elopett the best polie'e - to be ultimately adopted in regard to_diern.. It is sore to suffer the inconveniences !hal now exist., fo r , a short perlt ., %l, then, bt premature te..r:i l stamretr„f t ; fasten on the conntry a system founded in 'error; ishic,lt may. place. him •whole object beyond- the fivore control of Cc:ogress. - ~._ , „ .. •. ' The agrithillead landS Should, however, he ,sur. veyed and - hronght iron , inetket with as Lure delay , as possible s .that•thentles may become settled, Mid' the nitialealits snit:al:Nl to make permartem..im-; • provemeres. and enter on the,ordinaty persei's ol Mel Tre,efitiet these objects it is desirable that the neeek , riev preiviition`be niale be lass fur the estate ' lashed of land offices In Calitornia 'nod Oregon, sod :for, the , efficient prosecution tut the Forte's attt arl• ' call). day. , Solite'efitlinltie have itiviire,rin r ramniiing ' the letiabrinigovemetent Of New Atelier."rt• d' Utah;' and; where more accurate information shall'bo4i_- tamed of the. Ceus.es,a'fulthervernmotirixtion will) be made. on , the sal jest., ~ , . • • , ~..., •- i , • .. it In mi , (FA annual cethrritinioatiria.fo Centiess,,i, reeornmentleit the establistrinent of ari . Agiletil•urft . Bureau. tied 1- take Ibis Is:cash - 1w again . tifi•itivrekef -yam favorable cepsitheration oldie .subject: . , i.o. Agi:iloiltere trtnyjestly, De regarded ,us the great, interest l eff - * 'people. Pew :fifths of our active popnlatitin tire hinployed.iri !het chltivatinie of 04' soil, and the rapjd expansions -of oar sNtlemssinii over new territories is da 4 3y arldieriz-to the number lolit.esta i engaged in the , vocation. Jett! tce and sone'd 1 pOlrey, therefore eltite,require that the C. , iveremettt, ,•iliAntil nseahl Means authoriged by the Constitetion.. lc Om/inert:it ther'inieiest and vi - cltare rat ifiiil . frillicriv iant Masts filtrate - fellnw-cmzens: And yet it , istt'llo Sing ular,,fact thsl, n bilso he ruannfaitarine and mow 'mensal ihtetests ,halve ettgve r ti ilie,refettimn of Con... ,gress'ilitiieg, Ti largepooion of every sea-en, soil mils statnie4'a i lichihd n yirdeltildFlVfertheir renter': ion mid eineenrfigement,%. little leis i yet 'been lift,lll4 tliterl# fot,toladv!mylement -eft' agricultnre. . it , ta.r. lime that this reproach to our legishition 5hn11 . 441.1 ) removed ;,and I, sincerely hope that,the FIle•fill ton,t.vess' Will net' elots*'ffinit tibri - ri l willibilf hil,iet a , i i lt , efffeiettfrii 6 ns t fti - viiply'th'C - 12 1 1pe.li1:12(11on i Wlio liafellreceileifthilnt. '''` . • ,ti it-- li; .i,gtiootiiiii Ibiwpis:?•ti,Fq:kit .W1 1 Z,,V5 i :c".,4‘4 . 4r eatiisi•firi,:irtile.'ilPseinloallhg",:tr:clq't kk141,n194,114‘. In the best molles ol enitiVlifiisii:lWAl '6l4le7rion 41; 4 fecinal means of Pressrviil ;Tip!, restonrez. thq feral itiof the ebil.; g.itittP I v davewii.,4ok - 46, ihig Aim. tad planfiesoldrt of heti liestabhi invoteeribee.-t.titote instinetions4i.a.PTsl' , 4 l - 1 0 4al-tOrtsAllnaaPi. and Ireatt, mem liest idaitted to thr ir zrowth,, erol t i, ore Itigl4l - he', In 'tfie butt , fit-02e tcrivt, t :tit„,sqi,, i n hi,. lea mint.. ~ ( , vr. Poi F.TIJ PA..V i ' '''' j ' • P l•er • Tr.Tir - 757, - ; )I Lr„ EMI LIMB]
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