• st • •st - - ,1. 4- `' -0-41 • - .f ••• I,q, 1%- • ' r~i~~fai p4'f x wanda, Wednesday, Feb. 10, 1547. tatinty FRANCIS 11. SHUNK '. llllnr . ct to tl. r•on f . 11, DcwoeTnt, wnc Cnnv.,ll•On.l Gar own Affairs The Patrons of the 13radford Reporter are informed that a change has been made in the business arrange ments of this office. The Reporter will henceforth be published by E. S. Goodrich & Son, who will settle all business matters connected with the office, and to whom all communications must be addressed. Next Governor. The American Republican, a sterling Democratic sheet of Chester ownty, Stqgtiii9 that, ax " the =mi. festatiotis of Democratic sentiment indicate beyond all 11011bl:that Fll4 SC 14 R. Sams will be the Democratic candidate fur Governor at the next election"—the nomi nation by the convention soon to assemble should be made unanimow,!.y. We like the suggestion, and as "the expressions of popular favor towards him are en strong, decided and numerous as not only to settle the matter of nominaion, but to gi.e great encouragement to anticipate that it will be made with almost perfect unanimity." We would like to see all private preferences, predelictions and objections, fr om. every quarter laid aside, and an unanimous acquie,cence in the preference manifested by the popular voicr in favor of •• Old Shook." who is 'so evidently the choice of the great body of the party.— The expressions of popular favor are already so strong and unequivocal, that no sane person can doubt for a moment that the people of Pennsylvania desire his re nomination, and by the- election of their delegates have declared irr favor of such a result. - To contend against it, then, is to set up opposition to the wishes of the peo ple; and we hope, for the credit or our party that we have none among us, who, whatever may have been their first choice, would hazard the suceesinf the party by longer opposing the nomination of Francis IL Slunk, when the people have spoken clearly in favor of it. We second the appeal of the Republican to the friends of Judge Eldred, in whose favor a number of delegates have been instructed, or any other democrat who expects a vote in the approaching convention to withdraw their names at once, and let us have an unanimous nomina tion of the honest old dutchman. We know that Judge E. has many and ardent friend., who desire to see him receive the nomination; and we think they would pro mote the interest of the party and increase his chances of success by deferring his claims until another term. This, in the language of our cotemporary, " is most palpably the policy of every Gubernatorial aspirant ; for it cannot be doubted that he who with a magnanimity looking beyond self, cheerfully conforms to what is plain ly the will of the party, and exerts himself to concentrate its whole strength upon the chosen of the majority, and thus to secure its success,=--vvill hereafter be regarded as having added greatly to his own claims upon the confi dence of the Democracy of the State." Ora Cot—r-rr FINANCES.—The Annual Report of the"feceipts and expenditures, exhibits a flattering condi tion for the financial affairs of our county. A rigid sys tem of economy has been pursued, and the consequence that our credit is sustained, our orders redeemed, and money in the Treasury. Through the indefatigable exertions of Mr. Pecs, De puty Treasurer, our county had the credit of being the first to pay into the State Treasury her quota of State Tax for 1846. This effected a saving to the county of 8481 i 43; that amount being returned for•the promptness with which the tax was paid. This, it will be eeen, saved to the county, $172 61 more Madan Treasurer receiv ed from the Coost y for his services in 1846. The amount of his percentage being $233 82; so that the county not only had tire taxes collected and paid over for nothing, but saved nearly two hundred dollars. THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITILITE.—The Repots of the Sr&thvonian Institute have determined— 1 l'o offer premiums in money for tie best original papers containing positive aillitions to human know ledge. 2. To pay for making researches in such sciences u they may select for their investigation. , 3. To publish the papers that may be accepted and the results of,tho researches :hat may be ordered. 4. 'l'o put4i.h popular and brief accounts of the move ments of the Institute. 5. To establi,h and pay for free lectures to be deliver ed on useful subj..ct_q. 6. To establish a Museum of Natural Science and the Elegant Arts, and a Library of works in all the depart ments of human knowledge. 7. Ti r s publish a biography of Mr. Smithson, to be Written ly the Vice President of the United States. 8. To eAaliliiih exhibitions of new discoveries in sci ence and the useful arts, to be given by the Secretary and his astistanL Lt 31) GRIDeATION BILL.—A Bill is now before Congress providing for the reduction and graduation of the price of he public lands as follows, viz: ' I. All the public lands which have been, offered far sale fifteen years or more, prior to Dec. Ist, 1846, shall be subject to entry at one dollar per acre, for five years ; if then unsold shall be subject to entry at seventy-five cents, for another term of five years; and after that term at fifty cents per acre. 2 The same rule of reduction is applied to all !antis offered for sale after Dec. la, 1846, provided that no one person shall enter more than one section at the lowest rate of fifty cents. 3. At each reduction, the settlers on any of these lands shalt be entitled to pre-eruption at the • reduced prices. 4. All acts providing fur an exemption from the im• position of taxes upon land ■old by the United States fur five years from and after the day of sale, are repealed by this act. Rayon:rm. Baru-v.—The New York Herald of Fri day laq, contains the following paragraph was stated on Change, yesterday, that a private letter had been received from the frigate Savannah, one ofihe Pa• cific squadr..n, containing intelligence of the capture of more territory, and of a battle with the Mexicans, in which they were defeated, although they considerably outnumbered the Americans. The letter was dated a Mazatlan." DEATH IN TILE N. Y. PESITENTIABT.-MONIIOI Euwaans, the forger, whose, trial a few years ago ex cited su much interest, is dead, having finished his earth /y career in the Sing Sing prison on Friday last. He was a remarkable man, of fine address, good talents and a knowledge of the world. With correct principles he might have made his way to distinction by come other path than the one in which he acquired his notoriety. "Caution, Fanners. The North American, the most rabii specimen of Federal toryism that disgraces the Commonwealth, in an article with .the head we have quoted, on the sth of Octnher lad said : .'The farmers of Pennayfrattla should be cannoned aginst the new fraud efthe loteebens.. '• The same cry of potato., rot was raised last year," kC "We are well assured that speculationds mainly at the bottom of the menet." Our own advice to every fanner. after a candid view of the Whole sub ject. Is T. HAVE IRS [MAIN TIIIOLIDIE.D net. AND SOLD VON " • The effect in a few months will be visible in a falling mar ket." •Now, we would Inquire how much would the far mers have gaited by "having his grain thrashed out and sold " then. The game paper which so benificentli cx. tends to the farmers the above "caution," quotes the price of Flour in New York at $5,62, &c. At this mu. merit it is worth from $6.75 to s7,oo—more than a dol lar advance on the barrel. We "caution" the farmer, against placing any re liance upon the prediction of low prices, ruin, etc., corn ing from the federal panic makers. Whan have the farmers seen more prosperous times or realized fairer re wards as the fruit of their industry than under the peg sent tariff, which we were told by the Federalists was to bring mildew, blight and ruin in its train? And. where is fled the humbug about the destruction of the " home market," which was buzzing about so incessant ly only a few months ago! Foreign demand has en hanced the price of agricultural products over and above the home market and created a demand by which this boasted " home market" is completely eclipsed. The farmer is now enabled to.realize a profit upon his labor, through the literal prices and active demand for his products for export, which, left to the mercy of the manufacturers and their boasted home market they would never enjoyed. Sentimental, Very. Somebody said there is but one' step from the sublime to the ridiculous. Whether our young friend who writes clitoral fur the Susquehanna Register in the absence of the old • Chap," had to take that " one step" or not, we don't know, but certain it is, that he reached the ridicu lous in an article which appeared in the Register on the 16th ult., apparently without an effort. A friend of ours, who is something of a wag, has sent us the following paraphrase on the article in ques tion, which he thinks. is at least " one step" in return, towards the "sublime." = ,:trgented by neSltng an ninon:Ll in the slontroye ReTater, of January 16:11, I '• So taind your eye," Jim Cltarman! A bngliter day we hal." In the era of Transer , blog Stnee he, of that name. Burly works, Far emrtfter thaa—the Sun:!. •• We know thee. well ,7 Jim Chapman' ❑tired. )ou are the Boy." Who left hts hearth stone - and los - home," Towards the Capitol to mom, And g.ve h.s coll,.ague Like • Pilgrim" too. Jim Chapman Low the Port of rest. Your -progress' was eelesbal, From all things here terrestal, Of editors the best. Vr •: m us tile," much, Jim Clinptuan In • our Sanctum" there's a void The world can neither give nor fill— In editorial p.th and skill, Our Patrons have enjoyed. QUITE NATCHAL.-Our Federal neighbors up street don't like to be called by their true name. That's the way with some folks ; a change of name often conceals real character, and rogues frequently practice it to escape detection and public condemnation.. The Federal party have so long tried to cast off their real name and assume another less odious to the people without success—they might u well give it up and hors( their true colors again. Let them assume - whatever guise they will, for the purpose of deception, the long ears will betray them—their principles are federal still. Pause RIPTION.—The Harrisburg Union says—" The federal clerks have removed all the old women who bad been employed by the democratic legislature is washers and sweepers. This is proscribing proscription with a vengeance." They had a perfect right to do so, and why should democrats complain! The great question involved is, the effect it may have upon the nomination of a Federal candidate for Governor. In chart, whether these "washers and sweepers" are for Cooper or Irwin. Moat or THAT " noist."—The Danville Columbia county Intelligencer informs us that the Franklin Fur nace, recently erected by Mr. Geo. Mans, of Valley township, was put in blast on the 11th ult., and is now in successful operation, making about 45 tons of pig iron per week. It also says, in speaking of the Montour works:— •" The three furnaces belonging to this company have been thoroughly repaired, and put in blast, and are now in successful operation. The Rolling Millis also in full operation. Aso •SD COMPOIIT.—The New York Sun says : " The friends of Mexico" had a meeting in Boston, on Monday the let of February, at Tremont Temple. Re solution+ against the United States were presented by Rev. C. Brooks, and seven others at a committee. The Volunteers came in largely for their abuse. That party would find congenial spirits among the federalists of this region. Probably we shall soon hear the Argus braying a response to the proceedings of these "friends of Mexico." Tut LEGIST.:ATCIIE.—We have carefully examined the reported proceedings of this body to find something to interest our readers, and the only item we have seen, is a resolution which has passed the Senate to adjourn on the lath of March. If the day of adjournment bad been fixed a month earlier, it would have been still more interesting. Farm SUAD.—The guests at Jones' Hotel, in Phila delphia, were thrown into ecstasies of delight, a day or two ego, by having set before them a moat bountiful sup ply of fine fresh shad, of delicious flavor, which bad been sent to the proprietor of that establishment by ex press from Savannah. Cy. The Democrats of the Missouri Legislature have passed a resolution recommending Thomas H. Benton as the proper candidate of the Entity for the next Presi dency. Pnataxinany.—The Nang, and Anti masons of Pittsburg, friendly to the nomination of JOHN M'Leas, as a candidate for President, have issued a call for a pub lic meeting in that city with a view in that object. CO" A proposition is pending before the Illinois Legis lature to restrict the circulation of Bank notes of less de nomination than $lO. cO'The Senate of the U. S. on Saturday passed to a third reading the bill of the House to raise ITN NEW REGIMENTS for the Mexican war. ' The _President has approved the Loan Bill, late ly passed by Congress. j Lyetl, the geologist, asserta.that there is more coot in the single State of Illinois than in all Europe. The Nashville papers announce the death of Mrs Grundy, relict of the tate Judge Grundy. Late and Important from the Army. Despatches from General Taylor—No attack upon Sedalia—Narrow escape of Col. May —Ms Rear Guard cut off Several Dragoons taken Prisoners-2 Entire Mexican force in the Rel I—Contemplated attack on Vera Cruz—E ploaion and loss of life. , . The Brig Georgian has arrived at New Orleans from Tampico, which place she left on the 14th. Col, Kinney arrived two days pre vious, directffrom Victoria with despatch( s from General Taylor to General Shields to suspend operations fur the present. He had enirred Victoriajwith Gen. Quitman on the 9th. Gen. Quitman in his advances drove the Mexicans before him for thirty or forty miles, before en feting Vitcoria. Tire Mexicans contested every inch of ground and were very reluctant to give up the place. but they evacuated it from one side, as General Quitman with 6hie force was entering on the other. It was impossible to pursue the fugitives, as Gen. Quitman has no cavalry. Cul. Kinney parted With General Taylor at Monte Morales and pushed on with Gen. Qni!. man's brigade to Victoria and thence to Tamp- There was no reason to suppose that Gen. Worth and Butler hail moved from Sahli.). though it was so reported. It is believed that the main Mexican army was not far off from that place, though tht. Mexican soldiers seen in the neighoorhoud are now supposed to have heen the advanced parties of some 1500 or 2000 men kept in position on this aide of the dessert between Saltillo and San Luis Potosi to destroy the wattr tanks in cases the American army should move forward in force upon San Luis. This precludes the idea of any serious attack upon General Worth or Gen. Wool, as the ob ject of the Mexicans seems only to keep watch on the movement: of our forces and to retreat immediately upon an advance in order to cut off the supplies of water. Cul. Kinney brought a rumor to Tampico that 15000 Mexicans were to attack Saltillo on the 27th December, and verbal news were brought by the Georgians to New Orleans, to The effect that Santa Anna has placed himself between General Taylor and •General Worth with a force 61 35,000 men, and that a general action was immediately expected. This is probably merely a repetition or the rumors which reached us by way of Matamoras.— From private letters, however, there seems little doubt that a large body of Mexican forces principally cavalry were at Tula at the last dates.under Gen. Valentia. Gen. Urrea, Romero, and Fernandez are also reported to be in that vicinity. On the first of January, Gen. Taylor sent forward Col. May with a detachment of dra goons to examine the mountain pass between Monte Morales and Larbradores. On his re turn he took another pass leading to Linares, and was attacked by a large body of the enemy. His rear guard was cut off by rolling stones from the overhanging heights into the pass, which was scarcely wide enough for a single horseman to ride through. Col. May, with characterstic bravery and decision, managed to force his way through the pass with the main body of his command, and reached a spot where they were able to dismount and return to the succor of their com panions of the rear guard. But they arrived too late, as the enemy retreated, carrying off their prisoners. At one time, while in the gorge of the pass, the dragoons were almost at the merry of the enemy, and would have severely had the latter discharged their pieces with accuracy from the position which they occupied, which was almost directly over the heads of our troops, Col. May's lose was not ascertained, or whether he had any men killed. Gen. Shields with 650 men marched from Tampico on the 19th toward Altamora. The object of this movement was supposed to be to open a communication with Geri. Taylor at Victoria. There were from two to three thou sand Mexican troops between these two places, with which it was no way improbable. Gen- Shields may have the good fortune to engage. The force remaining in Tampico for its protec tion amounted to 950. Co'. Kinney states that the Mexican force at San Lois 'amounts to 30.000 men, and es timates their entire force in the field at 50,000. It was thought that there would be no move ment towards San Louis, at least fur the pre sent, but that all the mountain passes would he retained, and Vera Cruz subjugated by a land attack, as soon as Gen. Scott arrived to assume the command. The tow boat Phoenix, having attacked the ships Manchester and lronsides. and the barque Leon tine. exploded her boilers, at the S. W. pass on the 21st Ult., killing about twenty per sons and badly wounded a number of others. LATER. —May's force was about eighty— loss eleven men and horses, and seven pack mules. The IMMENSE INFLUENCE OF TAE TRIBUNE. —lt will be recollected that about a week sincq, Mr. Cilley, an Abolition-Whig Senator from New Hampslitte, introduced into the Senate of the United States, a tesolution, instructing the President to withdraw our army from Mexico. This proposition. smacking so strongly of toryism, was of course eagerly caught up by the Tribune, the Mexican government paper in this city. That paper said, in relation to this Cilly proposition : We have not a doubt that the course it proposes is that demanded by the vital interest, true dignity, and enduring glory of our country." Wellohis resolution was called up in the Senate on Wednesday last, and a motion was made to lay it on the table ; on which, the yeas and nays having been called, the result was as follows , Yeas. 44 ; (including Mr. CILLEY himself!) Nays. 00! Thus, according to the Tribune, have the " vital interest, dignity, and enduring glory of our country," been laid on the table, by a tine. nimous fvote. Why could not Senators have paid more regard to the warnings of the Tribune ? Is this the extent of its influence? Alas, poor Yorick ! THE BILL TO INCREASE THE PAY OF THE ARMY has passed the House of Representatives. It adds three dollars a month to the pay of each non-commissioned officer, musician and pri vate. To each soldier who has volunteered since the first day of May last. less than twelve months, and who shall Have gone into the ser: vice of the United States and continued therein until honorably discharged, it gives in addition to his regular pay, a warrant for 80 scree of land. To those who have volunteered or may volunteer for twelve months or during the war with Mexico, and shall serve as aforesaid, tt gives 160 acres. It also makes graduated do nations of land to the heirs of such as die or are killed in the service. Great News tot the Fanner. If we were al all inclined to indulge in an ex , .. presion of malicious joy, we should congratu late our good friends of the North ditnerican and United States gaxelle upon the very de cisive character of the Foreign. news, by the Hibernia, in regard to the advances upon the prices, afid the largely inereased demand for all the products of the soil, in the British market. When the first news looking to this highly auspicious result was received shortly after the passage of the new tariff, it was pronounced by these Federal prints to be a merely temporary advance, and the farmer was !loudly implored not to be led away by the delusive prospect.— A few weeks afterwards the news of a slight decline in bread•stttffs and other produce. assur ed our cotemporaries, especially those of the North Atnerlcan, of the justice or their views, and we were very sagely lectured upon the im propriety of the course we hid pursued in publishing intelligence and arguments calculated to encourage the farmer in the expectation of higher prices for his products, The labor was the labor of love on'the part of the North Ameri can, and all its editorial and commercial experi ence was invoked to prove the justice of its conclusions on this subject. and the wanton (Abu of ours, We were even held accounta ble for any losses. that ma•' have arisen from slightly and temporarily reduced prices, while any advances, no matter of what character, was claimed to be the result merely of a sudden or galvanic effort of the speculators. The North American claimed from this a double victory showing that the' administration had fold only succeeded in destroying the home matket. And the larmers were vociferously exhorted to come forward and avenge their wrongs against the Administration. We might, we repeat, indulge in a malicious joy, while comparing these sage arguments with the facts as they have now come to us, and while showing that the prospects of good prices to our farmers are as sure to excite their own gratification. as they will arouse the fears and destory the hope of Federal partisans. But we leave the corrimentary to the good sense of the voter. • Surely and steadily the great cause of unre stricted commerce will work its way. Vindi cating itself from the clamors end sophistries of interested men, it will at the same time enlarge our opportunities to do good to mankind, and stimulate the arm of that neglected and labori ous class, which tills the soil, protects the coun try, and roles at the ballot-boxes. It will not only aid in spreading the blessing of civil and religious freedom, but it will enable us to feed and clothe the starving masses of oppressed Eu rope ; and our land will become to them not only a land where political liberty is enjoyed by all, but a land which is to save them from want and famine. The farmer's prosperity, too, is the nation's harvest; and all classes will be favored by the policy which protects" and encourages him.—Pennsylvania. Great Indian Massacre. Butchery of women and cht!dren.—A letter from a gentleman at Council Bluffs, dated on the 17th of December, to, his correspondent in St. Louis. states that, on the previous day, a band of the Omahas were met by a band of the Sioux. in the neighborhood of the Bluffs, that a battle ensued between then), and that the Sioux killed sixty of the Omahas before the conflict terminated. 'l'he following particulars we find in a letter to the Si. Louie Republican : It was cold-blooded butchery of women and .children, in the absence of all the warriors of the village. On the night of the 12th and 13th the letter states, a war party of. Yancton Sioux Indians defeated and destroyed fourteen tribes of thi Omaha tribe of Indians, located at the time' at Wood's Bluffs, situated about sixty militia from this place—Belleview. The men and warriors of the Omahas had left the camp on a hunt, and the Sioux, soon after they reach ed the camp, discovered that they only had' wo men'and children to contend l with. The slaugh ter .was terrible—seventy-three were killed, and ... nineteen mortally wounded. Two men made their escape—one of them, Joseph La fleche, a trader in the employ of Mr. Peter A. Sarpy, and at the time in charge of a stock of goods. He ran from the scene of blood bare-footed, and arrived at Belleview with both feet frozen. Mr. Sarpy and Major Miller, the present agent, despatched a party of menoto ascertain the facts, and they confirmed, on their return, the report of Lafleche. They also reported that five of the Sioux Indians had been killed, no doubt stabbed by the Omaha squaws. Going twenty miles further than the ground of the .massacre, they found the place where the goods of the trailer had been divided among the robbers. It seems, adds the letter, that fate is against the Omaha Indians. Four or five days before this event took place, one lodge, camping at Cahanne's old trailing house, was attacked by a war party of Avonas. commanded by the well known chief White Cloud, and four of the men wounded, and one women killed. Another letter from Fort Scott, in the Repub. !icon, states that the Sac and Osage Indians have recently held a council in the Osage nation, the object of ,which was to unite their forces and influence, to rob and plunder the% whites, possibly under the impression that they could obtain aid from Mexico. General Taylor Letter. The " Boston Atlas," one of the most able and influential Whig papers in the Union. has the following comment upon that letter of Gen. Taylor: -Gen. Taylor's Letter.—We publish this morning, on our first page, a letter which pur ports to have been written by Gen. Taylor. to a near friend and relative in New-York on the subject of the• war in Mexico. On the first reading we were almost inclined to doubt the authenticity of the letter. It was hardly to be believed that Gen. Taylor—who leas been sin gularly careful and sagacious in his correspon dence, as well as his conduct of the war—would so far forget his duty to the government, in whose - service he is still engaged, as to depart from his line of correspondence with that go vernment, and develope to an individual citizen his reason for the course he has hitherto pursu ed, and his views in relation to the mode of conducting the war for the future. Such a letter. if it was authorized to be made public, io certainly a direct appeal from the go vernment,. whose officer he is, to the public.— Such a course, it appears to us, would be high ly insubordinate and unsoldierlike—and it would be at utter variance with the prudence and discretion which Gen. Taylor has uniformly displayed. We are convinced that either Gen. Taylor did not write the letter, or that his con fidence had been grossly abused by some indis. creet friend, to whom he has written under the seal of expected privacy." Letter from General Taylor. 'lead ,Quatters Army of Occue mco, pation. o luvamon, .slontery y, tM) Nov. r 9, 1640. $ My dear ***** *2 — Your very kind and ac ceptable letter of the 31st August, reached me only a short time wine, for which I betleave to tender you my sincere thanks. [A few confidential remarks on certain public transactions are here omitted.] After considerable apparent delay on the part of the Qr. Master's Department, in getting steamboats into the Rio Grande adapted to ita navigation. I succeeded, towards the latter part of August, in throwing forward to Gamut), (a town situated on tne San Juan river, three miles from its junction with the Rio Grande, on the west side, nearly 500 miles from Brazos Island by water and 200 by land, and 140 from this place,) 4:considerable depot of provisions, ordnances, ammunition and forage, and then, having brought together an important portion of my command, I determined on movie g on this place. Accordingly, after collecting 1700 pack-mulese with their attendants and conduc tors, in the enemy's country, (the principal means of transportation for our provisions, bag gage, &c..) I left on the sth of September, to join my advance, which had preceded me a few days to Serralvo, a small village 75 miles on the route, which I did on the 9th, and, after waiting there a few days for some of the corps to get up, moved on and reached here on the 19th, with 6250 men-2700 regulars, the bal ance volunteers. For what took place after wards, 1 must refer you to my several reports —particularly to my detailed one of the 9th ult. Ido not believe the authorities at Wash ington are at all satisfied with my conduct in regard to the terms of the capitulation entered into with the Mexican commander, which you no doubt have seen, as they have been made public through the official organ, and copied into various oilier newspapers. I have this moment received an answer (to my dispatch announcing' the surrender of Monterey, Ind the circumstances attending the 'same,) from the Secretary of War. stating that it was regret ted by the President, that it was not deemed advisable to insist on the terms I had proposed in my first communication to the Nlexican commander, in regard to giving up the city," adding that " the circumstances which dicta ted, no doubt justified the:change." Although the terms of capitulation may he considered too liberal on our part by the Pest dent and hie advisers, a 4 well as by many oth ers at a distance, particularly by those who do not understand the position which we occupi ed, (otherwise they might come to a different conclusion in regard to the matter,) yet, on due reflection, I see nothing to induce me to regret the course I pursued. The proposition on the part of General Ampudia, which had much to do in determining my course in the matter, was based on the g round that our government had proposed to his to settle the existing difficulties by negotiation, (ivhich I knew was the case, without knowing the result,) which was then under consideration by the proper authorities, and which he (General Ampudia) had nu doubt would result favorably, as the whole of his peo ple were in favor of peace. If so, I consider ed the effusion of blood not only unnecessary, but improper. Their force was also consider ably larger than ours ; and from the size and position of the place, we could not completely invest it ; so that the greater portion of their troops, if not the whole, had they been dispos ed to do SO; could, any night, have abandoned the city, at once, entered the mountain passes, and effected their retreat—do what we would ! Had we been put to the alternative of taking the place by storm, (which there is no doubt we should have succeeded in doing,) we should. in all probability, have lost fifty or a hundred men in killed, besides die wounded, which I wished to avoid, as there appeared to be a pros pect of peace, even if a distant one. I also wished to avoid the destruction of women and children, Which must have been very great, 'had the storming process been resorted to.— Besides, they had a very large and strong for tification, a short distance from the city. which if carried with the bayonets. inust have been lifetaken at a great sacrfice of ; and, with our limited train of heavy or battery artillery; it would have required twenty or twenty-five days to take it by reg ular approaches. That they sh ould have surrendered a place nearly as strong as Quebec, well fortified under the direction of skilful engineers—their works garnished with forty-two pieces of arrtillery, abundantly supplied with ammunition, garri soned by 7.000 regulars and 2,000 irregular troops, in addition to some thousand citizens capable, of (attd ,no doubt actually) bearing arms, and aiding in its defence,—to an oppos ing force of half their number, scantily suppli, ed with provisions, and with a light train of ar tillery,—is among the unaccountable'occurren ces of the times. I am decidedly opposed to carrying the war beyond Sitlull° in this direction, which place has been entirely abandoned by the Mexican forces, all of %idiom have been concentrated at San Luis Potosi ; and I shall lose no time in taking possession of the former as soon as the cessation of hostilities referred to expires,— which I have notified the Mexican authorities will be tho case on the 13th inst., by direction of the President of the United States. If we are (in the language of Mr. Polk and General Scott) under the necessity of •• con quering a peace"—aud that by taking the capi ta/ of the couthry,—we must go to Vera Cruz. take that place, and then march on die city of Mexico. To do so in any other direction. I considered out of the question. But, addinth ling that we conquer a peace by doing so— say, at the end of the next twelve -months— will the amount of blood and treasure, which must be expended in doing so, be compensated by the same ? I think not—especially, if the country we subdue is to be given up ; and I imagine there are but few individuals in our country who think of annexing Mexico to the United States. I do not intend to carry on my operations (as previously 'stated) beyond Saltillo,—deem ing it next to impracticable to do so. It then becomes a question as to what is the best to be done. It seem to me, the most judicious course to be pursued on our part, woultite to take possession, at once, of the line we would ac cept by negotiation, extending from the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific, and occupy the same, or keep what We already have possession of ; and that, with Tampico. (which I hope to take in the course of the next month, or as soon as I can get the means of transportation,) will give us all on this side of the Sierra Madre. and, as soon as I occupy Saltillo, will include six or seven States - or Provinces, thus holding Tampico, Victoria. Monterey, Saltillo, Mon cloys, Chihuahua, (which I presume General Wool has possession of by this time,) Santa Fe and the Californias,=and say to Mexico, Drive us from the country V'—throwin g on her the responsibility and expense of carrying on an offensive war;—at thesame time blockading all her ports on the panes sod Y e Gulf. , A course of thus kind, ifpvered° for a short time. would soon bring her 4 , 11 1 proper senses, and compel her to sue for pe lt : —provided there is a government in the y eti ,' try su ffi ciently stable for us to 'treat e .. which. I fear, will hardly be thecae', lor an ; years to come. Without large reinforeeme% of volunteers from the United States,y or fifteen thousand, (those previously le-;-vettott having greedy been greatly reduced by ski. ness and other casualties,) I do not believe , would be advisable to march beyond Salti,l; which is more than 200 miles beyond oui d t ' pots on the Rio Grande,---a Very ong bee 0 1 which to keep up supplies (over al lad ;t, in a country like ibis) for a large force and, fain to be attended with an expense whichti, be frightful to contemplate, when closely l e% ed into. From Saltillo to San Luis putosi, the ser i place of importance on the road to the city of Mexico, is three hundred indes,--one hundred and forty badly watered, where no inpplie i of any kind could be procured for men or hon e ,. I have informed the War Department that 20.. 000 efficient men would be necessary to Hoare success if we moved on that place,—(e city ton• tattling a Population of 60,000, where the cae. my could bring together and sustain, betide' the citizens, an army of 50.000.) a force wind, I appreliend,will hardly be collected by 01 mit the train necessary to feettlit, as well at 1 3 transport various other supidies, ordnance and munitions of war. In regard to the armistice, which wouldhot expired, by limitation, in a feW days, we lar, nothing by it, as we could not move even noa had the enemy continued to occupy Salado; for, etrange to say, the first wagon which bu reached me since the declaration of star, su on the 2d inst., the same day on which Ire. ceived from Washington an acknowledgm m of my despatch announcing the taking of Mot. terey ; and then I received only 126, soth a l have been; since May last, completely etl. pled, and am still so, for want of trauspo n . non. After raking and scraping the cousin for miles around Camargo, collecting elm pack-mule and other means of tran9hrta: l o s I could bring here only 80,000 rations, ffik,i a days supply.) with a moderate supply of ord. nanre, ammunition, &c., to do whieh;all the corps had to leave behind a portion of 'heir camp equipage necessary for Their condor, and in some instances among- the ruts mter , their personal baggage. I moved in nett way, and with such limited mewls, that, WI not succeed. I should no doubt have been Fe. verely reprimanded,. if nothing worse. led so to sustain the Administration. 1:!1 Of the two regiments of mounted men Iron Tennessee and Kentucky, who left their re. cipective States to join me, in June, the lulu has just reached Camargo ; the former has got to Matamoros arthe latest dates from there.— Admiting that they will ha tong in return; as in getting here, to say nothing of the amt necessary to recruit their horses, and were-no be discharged in time to reach , their hornet they could serve itNlexico but a very An time. The foregoi g remarks are not moi with the view of finding fault with any one.b:. to point out the difccullies with which I hart had to contend. Monterey, the capital.of New Leon. is fink ted on the San Juanßiver, where it cnniem. of the mountains,—the city, (which corium a population of about twelve thousand.) heirgia part surrounded by them, at the head of a large and beautiful valley. The houses are of in the Moorish style, with flat roofs, which. with - their strongly inclosed yards and girdetli in high stone walls all looped for ihurkeiry, make them each a fortress within itself. It is the most important place in Northern Memo, (or on the East side of Sierra Madre: j un. manding the only pass or road (or carnage. from this side, between it and the Gelid Mexico, to the table lands of the Sierra.! or through which the city of Mexico can reached. I much fear I shall have exhausted vourFt. tience, before you get half through this lirr and uninteresting letter. If sn, you can na.t commit it to . the flames, and think nnapre about it, as I write in great haste, besuleshvg interrupted every five minutes : so that ma must make great allowances for blots, interim , ations and blund , rs, as well as want Gleaner Icon in so many parts of the same. Be so good as•to present me most kuully n your excellent lady, and accept ruy We e " wishes for your continued health, proopew and lame. I remain, truly and sincerely, your frien • Z. TAILO6: RUMOR CONDTRADICTED..—The following trY cle appears in the Baltimore Clipper" ot morning w hich has produced some toterestel inquiry on our streets: .• We are indebted to a friend who awe bete last night from New Orleans for some portant inte:ligenre, if true. " He says he peruied a letter just hell' leaving New Orleans, written by an itelbtr: gentleman, with the army in Mexico, stated that news hal just been received that ' Mexican Congress had agreed to our nearer posals, and had adopted a resolution. hY ' toted majority, to receive an American mgl , •° to form a treaty of peace. and conclude Ott An express from S,mn a Alma hail Gen. Worth, bearing (it supposeil the nvn, intelligence. The express rider sown hor'' resolution, in handball form, had been p ,, PA at San Luis. Our informant places much more roo ° in the above than we do--though it 0 true. We humbly trust, it is." We are not adviiied of any such report 4 'l; ing been officially received at Washinelo• it had come to Gen. Worth from San Loru Potosi. it would mostrobably have O il Gen. Taylor at - Victoria. p But despatches 0 received from him as late as the 7th diger! from Victoria. He is not only silent abatisr such report, but states that the last accounts fl Mexico were to the 19th Decemder, at time the Congress of Mexico had taken - to 3 titan in regard to the war. In fact. our Pr en , advises from Mexico are later than those he had received.—Union. - - THE THREE MILLION BILL.--The 000 bill, so called, or the bill to pot 000 of dollars at 'the disposal of the Presl. to enable him to expedite the settlement dor difficulties with Mexico, was called up Y's . terday in the Senate, and its passag e :f t , cated by Me: Sevier, and opposed h, Ty: Miller Whig Senator from New Jersey`„, further discussion was postponed until oor . row (Thursday ) When it is brought te st there will probably he an anti -slavery 11°4 attached to it—and then will come the war." li=l
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