KZKa fjgp PfcgMJ 52B5S StSV'SJftKjmSmrfjf , i iMjfjCSBSTilM "Kzzzzzm "srswB l'iSfK" 10 THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH, SUNDAY, JULY 81. 1892. either party ever authorized the tue of thli money for the purpoje of purchasing i otei. I know it ha olfen been charged in partisan speeches and in the heat of tho campaign, but I hare never teen any one Mho possessed reliable information who was billing to affirm the correctness of such chorees. IVhero the Money Goes to. . Something of an idea of -where the money poes can be obtained by running over the disbursements of the Republican National Committee in 1883. In this year $100,000 was spent in directing documents and circu lating them. Another $100,000 was spent on speakers and their expenses. In the direction of Congressional contests $200,000 more was disbursed. "Wherever a Congres sional district was close money would be sent to the Republican candidate to be used for the legitimate campaign purposes. These campaign expenses comprise the hiring of bands, the furnishing of uniforms for societies, the paying of the cost of parades and other things of a like character. Some $200,000 more was disbursed in close States like Sew Jersey, Indiana, Connecticut and 2few York. About S200.000 was spent at the national headquarters lor maintaining that office in first-class style and defraying the cost of the campaign in the City of Sew York. A great many of the parades and proces sions in New York are arranged and pre pared by the two national committees. It is an element in the campaign which really counts tor very little. Of course, as aa evidence of enthusiasm and interest snch parades hare no value unless they are the irsnlt of a spontaneous feeling of interest amng party followers. Such parades, however, cost money, and where the enthu siasm is jiot sufficient to raise all the money required the national committee generally comes to the rescue. Gottlnc Information From the Enemy. Both national committees know nearly to b penny the amount the other has. They keep such a close watch on each other's movements and there are so many small chatterboxes employed around the com mittees that it is" not at all difficult for the chairmen to find out what the opposition is doing. Indeed, half the energies ot the em ployes of the committees appear to be de voted to gossip and talk. The ideal chair man never talks and is neverinterviewed in the newspapers. He neither discloses his hopes nor his fears. In this respect Sena tor Quay was a model chairman. He kept his plaus to himself and let thelesser lights of the committee do the talking; There is a great deal of work done in every campaign by a National Committee which is of a routine character and has no precep tible cflect There is a tradition around every political headquarters which favors the circulation of documents. This circula tion is stimulated by the demands of local speakers. Undoubtedly these documents have a decided value in furnishing argu ments and authoritative statements of facts to the speakers throughout the country. The information conveyed by the publications reaches tuc voters in a practical way only through the speakers. Few people have patience or interest sufficient to read politi cal documents of any length. The publi cations which have -had the greatest efiect have been very brief paragraphs represent ing great concentration ot facts upon one sheet of paper. Abnnt Ram, Romanism and Knbpllloa. Sometimes a damaging extract from an opponent's speech can be circulated with cat effect by having it printed upon a little d. The "Bum, Romanism aud Rebel- i" of the ReT. Dr. Burchard, which was 1 so effectively in the Blaine campaign, printed upon little cards and given out aaroit agents to memDers ot various olic congregations throughout the ry as they came out of their churches e Sunday preceding the election. There no possible way of overcoming the of these cards before Tuesday, the ion day, had arrived. the main, however, too much money is on documents. Elaborate documents rinted and sent out by the carload to as sections of the country. The per- . vanity of Senators and members of gress has a good deal to do with swel- . the bulk of these publications. A lator o -member of Congress will often "" . Congressfor the purpose of iL.u-ncing the campaign. He will then come to the National Committee afterward and ask to have this speech circulated as one of the committee's documents. This request is nearly always acceded to to please the member. It is not customary to pay speakers for their services in the campaign. It is usual, however, to pay their expenses, and in some special cases public men of sufficient importance to be paid are given fees where they cannot afford to leave their business -without payment But in nearly every in stance the payment becomes known and it has a bad effect. Xlicbener Will Cut a Fljrnre. The campaign of this year will be prac tically fought upon the same lines as the one of fonr years ago. As each year shows an increase in the amount of money em ployed it ii estimated now that a million of dollars will be needed by each side for cam paign purposes. The battle this year will be largely between two business organiza tions represented by the two committees. It is probable that the spirit of the Indiana management which was so direct and suc cessful in Minneapolis will control the Re publican National Committee, even with Mr. Carter, ot Montana, as chairman. It will be remembered that General Michener, who had charge of the Indiana delegation, has often been mentioned in connection with the coming campaign. He was the directing spirit of the whole Republican campaign at Minneapolis. General Mich ener will be the President's representative in the coming contest. There is this much to be said for the In diana politicians on both sides. They have a great deal more courage, more energy and iorce of character thau the average of the politicians of any of the Eastern States. They take an almost furious interest in politics during Presidental years. The men of that State are hardy, physical types. They like campaigning. They will never acknowledge defeat until the election is over and the -otes are counted. I went through the election campaign in that State in 1831, and I do not remember ever hating witnessed such scenes ot enthusiasm on both Bides. They are verv hard fighters and are extremely practical A campaign conducted under Indiana management will, therefore, be lacking in nothing in the di rection of force and vigor. TVliItnej's Influence on the Other Side. Upon the other sidet whoever may be chairman of the committee, the directing mind will be that of W. a Whitney. Mr. "Whitney is a man of great reserve power, possessed of a thorough knowledge of the world and one ot the most adroit of politi cal managers. He knows the value of coaxing instead ot driving. lie has un limited resources at his command, and so there is no reason to suppose that the Dem ocrats will be any less provided with money than the Republicans. Thus it may be accepted in advance that it is to be a fight of Western management, with the President as a directing force behind it, against Eastern management, with Mr. "Whitney at the helm. It will be a war of a Republican million against a Democratic million. The money raisd by the National Com mittees does not represent all the moneys employed in a PresMental campaign. The various State committees rale money, but nothing like the amounts collected by the National committees. It is estimated, 'how ever, that there is about a quarter as much raised by them. The State committees are always held up to do all that they can, and in the richer States the National Committee nearly always refuses to come to the relief of State organizations unless there is an ab solute necessity. The fnnds collected by the National Com mittees are disbursed to a great degree on honor. There can be no public accounting and there is generally no one authorizsd to revise the disbursements. The side, that wins is not anxious to inspect the accounts and the side that is defeated has never shown any anxiety to hold a post mortem over the work of their National Committee. Wumiker Kept His Ey on thi Cash. In 1888 the Republicans had e. Finance Committee for the purpose of raising funds. Mr. "Wanamaksr was Chairman of this com mittee. He himself inspected nearly all of the disbursements ot the Republican Na tional Committee. He was furnished1 vouchers and he -was repeatedly in at tendance at the committee for the purpose of making their inspection. This, however, was unusual, nd may or may not be re peated according to the requirements of the situation. It is always, therefore, con sidered of the first importance to both par ties to select Chairmen whose reputation is national and in whose integrity financial men will have absolute confidence. This is one of the reasons why it has been so often considered best to have rich men at the head ot the commiltees men whose fortunes are large enough to place theni above all suspicion of yielding to financial tempta tion. "When MarshallJewell was Chairman of the National Republican Committee his splendid business reputation throughout New England made it possible for the com mittee to raise nearly all the money it wanted in that one region alone. A mem ber ot the committee of that period told me that he raised in Boston iu one .day in checks payable to the personal order of Marshall Jewell 5170,000. These disburse ments are guarded on both sides by the principles which govern the best business management. If such precaution were not taken there would be great difficulty in ob taining subscriptions. Rich Democrats and Republicans are nearly always willing to contribute during a Presidental campaign. But they wish to be sure that the money is to ue ejtpenucu ior pariy iuiu uuv jjeiouutu purposes. How Johnnie Davenport Spent 8120,000. The item of personal expenses around a national committee is always large. No political agent ever walks during a cam paign. Every worker who represents his party at this time rides in a carriage as if it were his first and last opportunity of exer cising such a privilege. The item of car riage hire is always a large one. On elec tion days this amounts to extraordinary pro portions. The Republicans had a special fund for the employment of Mr. John Dav enport for the purpose of inspecting elec tions. Mr. Davenport's special election bureau disbursed in the last campaign, ac cording to his own testimony, $120,000. This service is considered valuable from a party standpoint, lor it hasbeen continued lor a number of years and will probably be continued in the future. Mr. Davenport has no other visible occupation. Of course, in the disbursement of these large sums of money, and all upon honor, some of it may not reach the channels for which it was intended. But business men generally have ways of finding out whether they are being correctly served or not, and in the main there are no personal scandals connected with the disbursements of either of the committees. Probably no private business organization in the country could do better with so large an amount of money distributed through so many hands. Ot course, there is great difficulty in super vising these disbursements, but the interests of both parties demand the employment of the best men in the various communities. Both parties watch each other too closely lor any very great abuse of their power. A Very Hard Berth to Fill. The chairman of each committee declares as a general thing the policy of the cam paign. Back of him is always the candi date, who is the real chieftain. Every matter of supreme importance is submitted to him before action is taken. The post of director of these political organizations is not a desirable one. lie is the ostensible head and front of the political forces of his side. He has to bear the brunt of nearly all the criticisms and possible scandals of local management. The day of the campaign orator is pissing. It is felt, particularly this year, that the issues arc business ones nnd that sentimen tal ones wifl not be considered. The side that gives the best business reasons for suc ceeding will capture the country. Manu faiturers will contribute freely to the cam paign funds to preserve the principle of protection, and the wealthy importers of New York will contribute with equal free dom to the other side in the interests of free trade. What is the compensation for a Chairman of a National Committee? He cannot re ceive any pay for his services. He is obliged to entirely give up his time for at least six months. He lives in the midst of confusion and riot The bulk of his.work begins at a time in the summer when most people are anxious to avoid extra exertion, and from then on until the close of the campaign he has hardly a moment he can call his own. It is upon him that rests the burden of raising money necessary for the conduct of the campaign. People look to him to heal all party differences, to smooth down the ruffled feathers of disturbed per sons! vanities. Srlr-Interest at the Bottom of It. In this country the civil service people demand that practical politicians shall not have too much to do with the management of the party. In England the political cam paigns are nearly always .conducted by offi cials. I mention this only because it is sup posed to be the ideal land of the civil ser vice reformer. There is no campaign con ducted in England that is not supervised and controlled by the parties directly inter ested. There are very few people'in this country who hare the leisure or the means which will enable them to devote their time and attention to the cause of politics tor no reward excels the gratification of a personal ambition. Such ambition may be stimulated by a disinterested patriotism. But as the world goes politics is managed, and always will be managed, by the people who have a direct interest. And without it campaigns in this country could not be conducted. It is reas onable to suppose that every Republican and every Democrat who contributes a dol lar to a campaign fund does so for the pur pose of strengthening his political standing in the community where he lives. Mait liave a Ready Supply of Cash. The chairmen must have good private bank accounts. Often there is no money in the treasury on account of failures to collect or apathy upon the part of men who ordin arily contribute. These contributions at best are spasmodic, and often are made in bulk only toward the latter part of the campaign. Chairmen have sometimes ad vanced upward of 5300,000 and $400,000 either from their own resources or through pledges given by them. Often there is a deficiency in the account at the close of the campaign for expenses incurred at the last moment and which were beyond the control of the auditing officers of "the committees. It is said upon good authority that B. F. Jones had to mate up over $100,000 at" the close of the Blaine campaign. He was un able to make any collections after the cam paign was over and had to bear the loss. Chairman Bripe, who conducted Mr. Cleveland's last campaign, had a much larger deficiency than this to make up. This deficiency'was between $400,000 and $500,000. It is said that Mr. Brice paid this out of his own pocket If he did it will naturally explain his reluctance to take hold of anoth'er campaign. Politics, however, has a strange fascina tion for active minded men. It after all represents the science of human govern ment Its possibilities of power and of personal adrantage tempt nearly all men of ambition. The result is that men can be found who are willing to make these tre mendous personal sacrifices of time and money for the. purpose of making a name. 1 he Effect Upon Baslnesn. One of the great elements of cost in a cam paign is outside of any work ot the two com mittees. This is in the check to business during a Presidental year. Everything in a business way is in an expectant Mate dur inj?a campaign. The loss in this way wonld foot up many millions. However, the best men of both sides favor these great political campaigns. They say that it is a good thing to get the people away from business every once in fonr years and to make them think of other things. Iu no other way would 93 per cent of our peo ple learn anything about government or ad ministration affairs. It is a lour years' school crowded into one The outdoor meetings are healthful and the parades are good forms of exercise. All of the uproar and contusion do no harm. The campaign unsettles nothing in reality. T. C. Cba-wtobix THE KAISER'S WINES. A Philadelphia Man is the Cupbearer to Germany's Emperor. CASKS WORTH MANY F0RTD5ES. Juice of tlio Grape That Was Pressed a Century and a Half Ago. ETKJUETTE IT THE E0YAL BOAKDS 0 CcoimrsposDEitci or the dispatch. 1 ' Berlin, July 20. HAT an American pre sides over the wine cel lars of His Imperial Majesty of Germany will surprise many bon virants. -The same American virtually holds the important of fice of Grand Echanson, Mundschenk, as the of fice is called in Germany, which the "Al manac de Gotha" credits to some grand seigneur of olden lineage. His name is Jim Weigand and he is a Philadelphian by birth. , He learned the trade when in the employ of one of the greatest wholesale liquor dealers of the Quaker City, and 15 years ago emigrated to Germany, where he took charge of the cellars of a Berlin wine dealer. His governorship over the Kaiser's cellars began almost simultaneously with the reign of "William IX, who, it seems,'' had a special grudge against his grandfather's cellar master and would not rest until he hadone of his own making. Even while the pre parations for the funeral of poor Emperor Frederick were going on Herr "Weigand was commanded to appear before the Grand Chamberlain, who offered him his present post, that carries with it a salary almost if not quite equal to its great responsibilities. He Is Almost n Grrman Jiow. All this the Royal Keller Meister told me when-1 called on him some time ago at his "Comtor," under the left wing of the Schloss, where most of the household offices are located. "Weigand is a tall, stout man, with a florid complexion, who wears his beard after the order of all royal servants coming into personal contact with their majesties that is, closely cropped at the sides, no mustache and the chin cleanly shaven. He has almost forgotten his English by his long residence in Germany, and even when talking to Americans fre quently dro ps into German. 'I have little use for my native tongue at this Court," he said apologetically, "tor we have only few English visitors. When for eign princes are present orders at the table are given in French; otherwise the German language prevails." Referring to the meeting between the Czar and the Kaiser at Kiel, which Herr Wei gand had attended in his official capacity, and from which at the time of this interview he had just returned, I asked: "The Czar and his naval officers, do they not speak English?" "No," lie said, "at the dinner at the castle at Kiel His Russian Majesty conversed in French with our Kaiser, and so did the gentlemen of his suite among themselves. Indeed, I learned from his servants that the Czar detests English and that he considers it one of the drawbacks of the annual family meetings at Fredensburg that, while there he is obliged to converse with his relatives exclusively in English, according' to the wishes ot Queen Louise." Chalice of the First Hohenzollern. The kellermeister's office is a small, semi underground apartment, connected with the cellars proper by heavy iron doors. Its whitewashed walls are of enormous thick ness. Cupboards with glass doors run along the .walls on all sides, coutaining samples of the table glassware in use at the many royal castles and phooting boxes. On the low desk in the middle of Vne room the day I visited the office stood a champagne glass that had just arrived from the Bohemian Crystal Works. Its outlines were of an tique gracefulness and heavily ornamented with gold. On the chalice part the mono gram of Frederick I, King of Prussia (he who created 1,400 grand and petty court offices), stood out in bold relief! The chalice rested on small, clear cut crystal rocks -and a broad, richly ornamented foot "This glass," said the cellar master, "is an exact counterpart of one designed and used by the first royal Hohenzollern. Tne Kaiser has ordered hundreds of dozens of that pattern for the 'New Palace' iu Pots dam. Theyaretobe placed regularly on their majesties' table. Any servant break ing one of these glasses will be fined 10 marks that is the actual cost of manufact ure and ornamentation. The crystal is not being charged tor. We are obliged to make this rule in order to check the carelessness of hired waiters whom we engage for the great festivals whenever our staff proves insufficient These meu seem to have an idea that the royal master rather enjoys seeing his things smashed, becante, they argue, it must give him pleasure to issue orders ior their replacement" The Bookkeeping of the Cellar. Herr Weigand showed me the royal entry books in w hich all the wines and spirits under his charge r.reduly registered, giving the minutest'dates of vintage) the names of firm's from whom they have been purchased, together with the prices paid, or the names and titles of persons nnd corporations who, at one time or another, contributed to the cellars more or less valuable gifts. These books date from the time of Frederick the Great, whose thrifty nature first suggested this system of checking the dainty appetite or dishonesty, as the case might be, of his servants, high or low. The cellars which we next inspected are built in the form of the letter L, the short arm being directly under that part of the palace fronting on the new Vegas fountain. where the imperial family lives during the winter months. They cover a space of 350 feet and have low ceilings, but are well ventilated, although without windows or other openings in the long stretch of walls. Light is provided by gas jets hanging from the inner roof at intervals sf ten leet. The first 100 feet of the main cellar has been appropriated for the storage of the highest-priced and rarest wines and spir its, each vintage having a separate com partment let into the enormous thickness of the walls. These compartments are divided into bins and gnarded by an iron grated door, which bears a black tin sign giving the minutest information as to the name, age, price and number of bottles stored. Worth Forty Mark a Bottle. There are wines from all countries and hemispheres, some of incalculable value, all worthy of being placed on the tables of the richest gourmet of the age. I gazed with awe at mountains of bottled "Steinberger Cabinet," whose original price was 40 marks a bottle, and which could not be duplicated nowadays it the cellars of all the connois seurs in Europe were ransacked. Minister Phelps, in Berlin, has, I believe, a few bottles ot the same vintage, which he secured for the special benefit of Prince Bismarck, who at one time was a frequent visitor at the legation. Another compart ment contained 5,000 bottles of Schloss Johannisberger, another enough Leibfrau milch to float a pleasure yacht The divi sions for Spanisn, Portuguese and Italian wines were equally well provided, but the dust on the bottles and the faded and rag ged appearance of the labels proved that these treasures are seldom disclosed. The cellar master told me the Kaiser never partakes of these rich wines. They are only inc.uded in the menu when foreign visitors are at court On one of the upper shelves in the Portuguese department I dis covered a tin sign that would make an En glish lord of the good olden times burst with envy. It conveyed the fo llowing cheering intelligence: Century and a Half Old. These 200 flasks of superior port are a J 5 resent of Bis Portuguese, Majestr King bhanqes.Y. to King Frederick William L, A. D. 1736." Nearby is a small, heavily barred recess labeled, "Souvenirs taken from the Sans Souci cellars after the death of King Frederick the Great" Herr Weigand opened the door, lit a gas jet and revealed six shelves, loaded down with bottles of all sizes. There were Cognacs of the year 1760, Madeiras, Malagas and Burgundy of still greater age,but no German wines ot any kind. On a little corner shelf I observed half a dozen small flasks, bearing the royal mono gram composed of the letters "F. It." and containing yellowish liquid. Tbcy looked more like medicine, bottles than anything else. "These are the last of the great king's stores of the real Tokay wine," explained the cellar master, "preserved in the original flnsfcs as 'Old Fritz' used to have them on his table. They hold scarcely half a pint, but their contents were most precious. Ac cording to the rules of the Berlin court of to-day no bottles or dishes of any kind are allowed on the tables the food and drinka bles are served to the participants of the royal feast by the pages or lackeys on plates and in glasses. The wine is handled in the original bottles, not in crystal carafes, as is customary in some courts; the bottles are not labeled, but neatly wrapped in a nap kin. Duties of the Emperor's Cupbearer. "It is my duty to provide the various wines and liquors from the cellars accord ing to the menu. Eich kind receives a number and is served in the order given. But few of the lackeys know which sort they are dispensing." "Is the office of mundschenk or cupbearer still actually exercised by a grand officer of the court?" I asked. "The quaint old custom has long been abandoned, and the once highly prized duty to serve the sovereign with wine and spirits resolved upon the humble cellarmaster," answered mv.iriend. "I wait personally on their majesties and their royal guests, aud follow in the suite of the Kaiser wher ever he travels. Of all the royal castles those of Berlin and Potsdam alone possess a well-stocked wine cellar. If His Majesty visits Hanover, Cassel, Breslau or Kiel, where he has official residences, I precede him with the full complement of drink ables that may be required." We had now proceeded to the end of the main cellar and turned to the right into the domains of Bordeaux and Burgundy wines, where 120 casks filled with the stuff that cheers and also inebriates were reclining on oalcen horses, gray with age and cobwebs. Like the iron-grated doors, each barrel was fully ticketed, and some of them bore birth certificates from the time of the "Wars of Liberation," at the beginning of this cen tury. Fine Wine Paid for In Blood. "When I came into office we still had a dozen casks of Burgundy wines and clarets, procured by order of Frederick the Great, in stock," said the cellarmaster. "Only last week we finished bottling the lost of these old timers. The wine has a wonder iul aroma. You ask what is it worth a bot tle. Who can tell? Frederick paid for it in blood during the Seven Years War, I un derstand. It was exacted as tribute some where on Saxon territory at Auerbach's Keller, in Leipsic, perhaps. The compound interest on its original value that has been accruing all these years must represent an enormous fortune." In a sort of side wing to the Bordeaux cellar the Rhine and Moselle wines of the royal house are stored in the wood. There are onlv' three large barrels, labelled re spectfully "GO.OOO marks," "50,000 marks" aud "45,000 marks," which indicate the prices paid for them. They will not be named until fully matured. "Is it true that the Kaiser partakes only ot German champagne The cellarmaster smiled and opened a huge door leading to another extensive hole in the wall, as he replied: 'There are 8,000 bottles of Heidsieck royal here and 30,000 of the same kind are always kept in store for the royal cellars by the firm manufactur ing it It is a special brand of superb quality and the wholesale price is 8 marks a bottle. The Kaiser prefers it to all other champagnes and it is always put on His Majesty's table. German champagne is only served at the beginning of dinner, with the'soup and oysters, but never at dessert Muller Mousse'ux's is the German brand we use; the story that the Kaiser favors it to the exclusion of French champagne and forces his guests to drink it is absurd." "Will Become Dead Soldiers. The noblearmy of 8,000 bottles was built up high against the nail, and as the gas light fell on their shiny necks and bodies they looked like so many huge Ink bottles. being unlabled and unsealed, "ready tor the ice." as the cellarmaster put it The royal liquor department is, of course, well stocked with all the known brands of cognacs, brandies and whiskies, among them a shelf full of American whisky furnished to the Kaiser at the rate of $2 per bottle. Ja maica rum seems "to have been a favorite tipple of many of the earlier Hohenzollerns, for there are dozens of shelves containing lots of dusty and cobwebbed bottles ticketed from the middle of the last and the begin ning of the present century. "The Kaiser drinks American whisky oc casionally," explained the cellarmaster, "but of "all spirits favors cherry brandy. His Majesty never tastes of liquors, though, as you see, we are well provided with sam ples of all original brands," and Mr. AVeigand opened another iron door that disclosed an alluring prospective of many shelves stocked with Chartreuses, Benedict ines, etc. "This is our Persian department," said the cellar master, pointing to a number of big-bellied glass jugs with small, snout-like necks. "The Shan presented them to His Majesty last year. They are said to con tain some excellent Teheran wine, but have not yet been opened. There was no call for them, so ar. Wines From California Vineyards. "Here we have our Catawba wine and red California wines," he continued, "also pres ents to His Majesty, and there, last but not least, is a cask of wine that has lately ar rived from Jerusalem Palestine burgundy, as they call it sacrilegiously." After we got through inspecting the cel lars Mr. Weigand conducted me through the rooms where the table glassware for use at royal banquets is kept There are 12 dif ferent kinds of wine and champagne glasses, each set containing 1,000 pieces. In the cupboards along the walls samples of the table glassware in nse at the royal castles in the provinces are kept Some of them are of the very quaint patterns in vogne during the latter half of the eighteenth century. The Coblentz castle, where the late Empress Augusta resided for so many years, lias by far the most beautiful collection. The glass is of a bluish tint and extreme thinness. From a royal lackey I obtained a menu card used by the Kaiser at the "meet" in the Gohrde bnnting grounds on December 6, 1890, when a distinguished party of Princes and Generals attended him. On the back of the card is a drawing of a piece of anuiery, uuuc iu pencil uy ine .emperor for the benefit of the officers breakfasting with him. I "have shown the drawin? to some officers of the general staff in Berlin," wno ior paipaoie reasons aecune to discuss its meaning or purpose. F. G. Excursion Tia the Picaresque B, o. K. It. To Atlantic City via Washington, Baltimore and Philadelphia, on Thursday, August 11. 89i Kate, $10 the round trip, '.Tickets good for 12 days irom day of sale, and good to stop off at Washington City returning. Trains with Pullman parlor and sleeping cars will leave B. & O. depot, Pittsburg', at 8 A. u. and 9 20 T. JC. T ior detailed information address or apply to E. D. &HITH, , Division Passenger Agent, Corner Fifth avenue and Wood street, Pittsburg, Pa. It Ism!s Them AIL r ' For the past 49 years Llppencott's Nectar lias stood at the head of the list of pure liquors, and has no equal. Connoisseurs choose it and physicians recommend It lor all medical purpose'. TJ. E. Lrrrra-coTT & Co., BIS Liberty street, Pittsburg. THEWAGESIN10ND0K General Secretary Qnelch Says Seven Dollars a Week Is Prime Pay. SOME ABLE. TO EARN ONLY $2 50. Ilis labor leader Confesses He Does Enoir How They 1-iye. Not PRICES FOE THE PLAINEST FOODS fCOHBISPONDENCE OF TOT DISPATCH.l London-, July 22. "It's about five min utes' walk, sir." That's the distance it is to almost any place in London, judging from the uniformity with which this reply is given to one's inquiries, and this was the time which we were told at London Bridge would "about" bring us to the headquarters of the Southslde Labor Protection League in Bermpndsey Wall. Our course led us in front of the large warehouses of Armour & Col, and we could not help reflecting as we looked at this alien establishment how de pendent are the millions of this vast metrop olis for some of the very cheapest of their necessaries upon the superior resources and mercantile enterprise of the United States. Further along we passed an extensive stretch of model tenements. The Hanover buildings, as these are called, cover sev eral, blocks, and in a locality where the struggle ' for subsistence is so hard and the houses generally are so poor, they are a delightful innovation and a bright augury of what London's future may possibly be. Our satisfaction at this sight was somewhat marred, however, by the query, so rife just now, as to what becomes, in this rehousing process, of those who are unhoused and sent adrift with no shelter over their heads. It is not the very poor who live in model tenements. Low as the rent is comparatively, it is quite too high for those 300,000 of the toilers in this city whose earnings per family, as statisticians tell us, are less than $4 50 a weeki We thought, too, of what the Archbishop of Canterbury had just said on this subject, viz., that, as regards the housing of the poor, "while the present Btate of things was a great improvement on the past, it was still a fearful scandal." Quarters of the Protective Iieaciir. With reflections like these, stimulated by a moderate use of out legs, we easily con sumed the allotted fire minutes. In fact 15 minutes had gone, and another inquiry as to our destination brought the response,,! which did not at all surprise us, that it was still "about five minutes' walk, sir." Cut this time we knew that the proverbial esti mate of Londoners as to distances could not be far out because we found ourselves now in the midst of the Granaries where those are employed whose condition was the special object of our investigations. The office of the Labor League, we had been told, was at the "Old Justice," a name which, though not inappropriate to a cam paign in the interests of down-trodden labor, was still too suggestive of a public house to be quite to our liking. Fortun ately, however, these suspicions, like many others that we are all too fond of indulging, proved to be groundless. The "Old Jus tice" was indeed a public, but we were happy to find that the name was used by the Labor League simply as a convenient ad dress, and that although the office adjoined the drinking place, it was neither in it nor of it The gentleman we sought was the Gen eral Secretary of the League, Mr. H. Quelch. From the position he filled, and from the fact that, besides being a constant writer on social economy, lie had been twice called to testify as a specialist before the Royal Commission on Labor, we felt sure that Mr. Quelch could give us reliable information, if he would, and we were not disappointed. He was extremely courteous, and as ready to impart facts as the clouds are to distil rain in this latitude. His last appearance before Her Majesty's Commis sion occurred onlv a'few days ago, and was made in the special interest of the 4,000 laborers at the Woolwich Arsenal. Indifference Toward Government Employes Referring to his testimony bofore that body be said that one of the grievances he had ventilated was the heartless indifference of the Government to the unfortunate among its employes. It was uncommon for those working at the arsenal to meet with accidents, and some of these were fatal. Yet, when a collection was taken in behalf of those left in dependence and pov erty by such an accident, he had never known an instance in which the Govern ment had made any contribution toward such a fund. As to the wages paid these 4,000 laborers who were in the direct employ of the British Government, they would aver age, he thought, less than five dollars a week for 54 hours of work. This, of course, is for common, not for skilled labor. A fair wage, he thought, in present conditions, would be at the uniform rate of about 57 50. This he has urged upon Her Majesty's Commissioners, and he had also pleaded againt the favoritism which pays some men less than others though they do the same work and as much of it, as well as against other discriminating and tyrannical prac tices. The conduct of the foremen in the ar senal was especially rcproDated. These men, clothed with a "little brief authority, air it over their subordinates like full Hedged lords, and take advantage of them in the most arbitrary way. And how thoroughly English is this. From Her Majesty down to thejiumblest subject, it is quite the fashion over here for people to "air it," as the saying is, over somebody else whom they hold to be a little beneath them. They all do it; it is the inevitable re sult of that system, which makes caste here as odious and almost as oppressive a thing as in India. The Low -Rages of tho Dockers. The last observations are my own, noj those of Mj. Quelch. That gentleman gave facts only on tuis great question, leaving the philosophy, if any should be required, to your correspondent. His strong forte was the condition of labor among those known by the general name of. dockers. There were various grades of these. The general laborer about the wharves he would put, as to wages, in the lowest class. These were nearly all what are called casual workers, and though, under the new rules, the standard wage was sixpence an hour, with an increase ior overtime, yet, so irreg ular was their employment that he could hardly conceive them to average more than ?2 60 a week. The, stevedores, who were occupied solely in loading vessels, and whose labor was in a certain sense that of skilled workmen, got eightpence an hour; but these also were only irregularly em ployed, and though the rate for overtime was as high as a shilling an hour, yet their average weeKly earnings were much less than might De supposed. A sort ot nyond betwixt these two classes were what were known as steamship workers, whose occupa tion was mainly in discharging cargo on the Thames, and these were paid sevenpence an hour. What are called grainmen are a class by themselves. There are about 3,000 of these. As their name would indicate they were the men who" in Bermondsey and 'elsewhere handled the corn which came to this port. Many of them we had .seen at their work iu our search for the headquarters ot the South side Labor League. The casuals, Mr. Quelch said, were supposed to get 5 shllings and tenpeuce for a day of 12 hours. But those most in favor, and w hose position. was the best, were the regulars, who got, for the same hours per day, a weekly wage of 30 shillings, which would be $7-50. An AvFTace of Seven Dollar a Week. Mr, Quelch was carefnl to assure as that for labor in London 30 shillings a week was prime pay, and that those who got it were the envy of thousands unon thousands who had to struggle through existence upon a weekly wage compared to which that sum was almost princely. Taking all branches into the estimate and leaving out the vast multitude of the unemployed, his judgment would be, he said, that labor was paid in London something like an average of 23 shillings for a week of, say CO hoars. In evitably, though, in the very short days of the English winter, the average pay would be considerably below that estimate. With special reference to those who, in the im mediate locality ot our interview, were en gaged in loading and discharging grain, and whose nominal pay was at the rate of five and tenpence a day for casuals, and 30 shillings a week for regulars, these figures, he said, might mislead. . The work of the casuals was so very precarious that he seriously questioned if, taking the earnings of these and the regulars together, and striking an average, the weekly earnings for each man would be much more than 10 shillings the small pittance of $2 50. At this point the question was naturally put, "How do they live on such earnings?" "That," said our courteous ahd sympa thetic informant, "they could hardly tell themseives." To the suggestion that possibly some of them would find a home in the model tene ments nearby, the reply was, "Cot many; perhaps none in the Hanover buildings. Those are occupied by people in a better station, like clerks and artisans. But in the Wolsey buildings, where two rooms can be bad for abont five shillings a week, you might find a few, though only a few." Tbe Kent Is Half I ho Mace. Most of the casuals, he said, had only themselves to look after, and these would find shelter for tbe night in cheap lodging houses and cook' their own meals as best they could. Those having families would be found in the small houses round about The house would have four rooms, with a scullery, and a small room over that in ad dition. For this the rent would be 2 75 or 3 a week. The financial stress in such cases' would oltcn be relieved a little, he said, by the renting out of the upstairs part to lodges, or, perhaps, to a small family, aud it would also not infrequently happen that the wife would be earning a trine Dy sacK mating. We were curious to learn if the large class ot toilers lor whom this gentleman spoke, and for whose welfare he was work ing, got enough to eat Some did not, he said, but they took that sort of thing as a matter of course. The problem of how they mode both ends meet he gave up in despair. He lived among them, depended upon the same markets, traded at the same shops and knew from experience at least, his wife did, which was just the same what they had to pay for the necessaries of life. Coal at the present time (summer price) was Is 3d a hundred-weight, which would be at the rate of 55 75 a ton. Such meat as was on the market in that locality would cost 6d or Sd a pound. It would not be extra good at 6d, yet there were scraps, or "block ornaments," as they were called among the poor of London, which could be picked up for even less than that Flour they did not buy, and their bread cost 4d and 5d a quartern loaf (3 pounds). The poor apology for butter winch they were glad to put up with cost 20 cents a "pound. Tea was cheap, costing from Is a pound to Is 6d, and bacon they might get at all prices, from 10 cents a pound such as it was up to 20 cents. He II Kd Heard About Homestead. These are a few of the facts so courteously imparted by the General Secretary of the South Side Labor League. This is how it fares with the toilers' in London's docks three years after the triumphs, so-called, of the great dockers' strike of 1880. And what is still worsj, we are led to believe this is a lair sample ot what' life means to the laboring classes of Loudon taken as a whole. Surely, men ot the stamp and spirit of our kind informant, who are giving their lives to the work of bettering such condi tions, are worthy to be lauded by honest laborers, and honest men of all classes, the w orld over. Personally, I looked upon Mr. Quelch with profound admiration, and when, as we walked together from his of fice, he spoke of the peculiar discourage ments attending such work, my deepest sympathies were stirred. It was by no means a surprise that he broke in upon our inquiries about tbe labor ing classes of. London with some playful remark respecting current disturbances in tbe labor market in America. That we quite expected. Mr. Quelch is an English man, and the people over here, we find, whether representing labor or capital, are not at all backward in reminding the visit ing American of such occurrences as these. But this Englishman, in the final judgment he expressed, was fairer than his country men usually are, for he frankly admitted that, from what he knew of the situation in the two countries, the American workman had a decided advantage over the British, both in regard to the wages he received and the comlorts ot lite tailing to his lot. HENEr TUCKLET. "Workmen, Help Your TJrottien. The unfortunate circumstances, in which many of tho locked-out workmen at Home stead are placed, command tho sympathy of nil, especially that of their fellow work men in this country. Yon cm now expreii your sympathy iu a piactlcal manner and lit the same time benefit yoursclvei by taking advantage of the S per cent roller sale in augurated by Sallei's. Tho following letter explain our position. If you wish lurcher information call at our store, corner Smith field and Diamond. PmsBtmo, July 20, 1S91 Mr, SI. Sailer, Esq. I Dear Sm Your favor of to-day in which you offer to set aside a liberal percent of the gross nmount of your sales," beginning Mon day, August 1 and ending Saturday night, Augusts, ior the benefit of the locked-out wmkuien, is hereby acknowledged. In reply, I desire to say that in uoceptlng your gencrouD proffer of aid on belmlfof tho-e wno are engased in this struggle for the existence of organized labor and those w ho have been bereft of loving support In the recent sad experience at Homestead, I can convey to you more fully than words can express thelrapnreclntloiiof yournoblo effort nnd liberal hand. With many thanks for your Liudnei, Iain Youis very respectfully, William Weiux. C. M. B. A. Reunion at Allqalppa on To Morrow, An;nst 1. To-morrow will be the fifth annual reunion of the C. ii. B. A. in this county. Thcro are now 47 branches located in this vicinity, with n membership or .0OD. It is expected tnat fully 25,000 people will be at there union. Special railioad rates have been made from New Castle, ConnellsvUle, Union town, McKcesDOrt and other points. Every detail has been arranged tor the entertain ment of their liienas. Four bands have been engiged for the occasion. A special train for the clergy will leave at 10:30. The Reception Committee, under tho chairmanship of B. E-inb, of Brancn 36. will sea that eacli ono enjoys tlieuiselves. The two largo danclnz platforms "ill be in charge or the following committee: 21. L. Hone, Chairman; Jnines Marks, P. A. Golden, 1. J. O'Hunl.tn, Jos.. M. Gardner, Harry Anderson, Kd .Mnginn.Dave JJcUarry, r. K Sawders, D. W. Higgins, Win. Welse, 1". H. Chirk, Geo. A. Schott. Chas. scuuff. Theo. Wieumn, Ji S. Geary, J. A. Uiley, Jas. P. Jlahme, Tims. Greed, S. V. Median. Thos. Gnllagher. Thos. II. Conlev. 3Ilch lei Guy, A. L Flood, Will Mc.lamphy."Xft!l O'Donnell, A. C. Hughes. John Cnrfeton, F. J. Hepp. P. J. Jluellln, Johf Giifliu. AViu. Kelly, Huury Werrhs, Chas. Selgworth. Excursion Via tho riciaresqae B. & O. K. K. To Atlantic City vin, Washington, Baltimore and Philadelphia, on Tluirsdty, August 11. 1S92. Kate, $10 tho round trip. Tickets good lor 12 days Irom day ot sale, and good to stop on at Washington City returning. Trains v,lth Pullman parlor and sleeping caw will leave B. & O. depot, Pittsburg, at 8 a. M. and 9.20 r. x. For detailed luiormation address or apply to E. D. Smith, Division Passenger A ient. Corner Filth avenue aud Wood street, Pittsburg, Pa. Have You a Vacant Boom And wish a tenant for it: Then do as hundredsof others have done advertise It in the To Let Booms Cent-a-Woid advertising columns of The Dispatch. "A Penny Snvwl It a Penny Earned." Deposit your money with the Peoples Sav ings Bank, 81 Fourth avenue. Interest al io ned on deposits. D Witt's Little Early Blsers. So grlpin? no pain, no nausea: easy pUl to take. JOCW ADTJCRTISEsULNTS. THE LARGEST AND LUDING MILLINERY BOOSE IN WEST. PEEL A Midsummer Night's Dream, Get tin? Baked, on an Ice Floe, "Would Be Bather a Pleasant Experience Recklessly These Warm Nights! But, of One Thinsr We Never L jkpg4 I Well, yes, Old Sol's had a pretty high old time roasting us poor, long suffering, terrestrial mortals during the past week or so. Sorry we can't give you even an approximate idea of when this parboiling, 'humanity-sweltering, sizzling carnival'll call a halt for five minutes or so for refreshments. True, we're not visited very often by his Solar Majesty in such regal,blister ing, burning, despotic state. But when he dons his royal pyrotechnic robes, evidently he is here for business and business only, and he seems to understand it thoroughly, too. Under this ordeal of magnificent solar superiority we've got some consolation to offer. Come to our cheerful, bright, airy, brilliant stores and there bask in the sunshine of first-class merchandise, thousands of different kinds, both useful and ornamental, and all at prices that none can compare with and few even dare to imitate. This, we think, will counteract to a great extent the scorching rays of Old Sol. INC E A little soon, possibly, to talk Xmas; still of sufficient interest, we think, for both old and young, to justify us in taking a passing glance at what is transpiring across the pond, to the end that we'll have the Biggest, Gran dest, Best Xmas Exposition ever inaugurated in Pittsburg. Our Mr. Danziger is in Europe at present and has been visiting all the principal manufacturing centers for Toys, Novelties, Dolls and fancy goods generally, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, England, etc All these countries will contribute to the most gorgeous Xmas Toy and Fancy Goods Fair ever attempted outside of New York. HANDKERCHIEFS Al CEIEFS CAPS. Regular Trade Inducers They Be. Children's Real Pretty Colored Border Hemstitched 12c Handker chiefs, pure linen at that, too, How for 5c Each Ladies' Elegantly Embroidered, Nicely Hemstitched and very preHily scalloped edge, 40'c Handkerchiefs Now for 19c Each Gents' 1 8c Plain White and Beautiful Colored Border Hemstitched Handkerchiefs Now for IOC Each Children's Lovely Corded and very Handsomely Embroidered 50c Caps Now for 24c Each Children's Nice, Comfortable 50c Sun Hats, both white.and colored, Now for 24c Each Children's Exquisitely Rich and Stylishly Beautiful $1.50 Silk Hats Now for 74c Each US FufflSHIGS AND LADIES' MWM Undoubted, Seasonable Money Savers. Men's 1.50 Fine Outing Shirts in all the latest styles of fashion, weave and material, Now for 99c Each An Exceptionally Interesting Lot of 2 Imported Madras Shirts How for $1.49 Each Then there's a peculiarly nice range of $1.50 and $1.75 Fine Madras Shirts, starched collars and culls, NOW for 99c and $1.35 Each A lot of Heavy Muslin, prettily and fancifully trimmed, 75c Night Shirts Nowfor 49c Each $ 1. 50 feather-weight beautifully fashioned and finished French Cam bric Night Shirts Now for 89c Each Then there's the $2 Finer French Cambric Night Shirts, richly and artistically embroidered with silk, Now for $1.24 Each Ladies' 50c and 60c very fins Ribbed Vests, just the thing for warm weather, Now for 24c and 35c Each Ladies' fine f nd exceedingly comfortable 75c Lisle Vests, all marked to sell Nov for 49 d Each Ladies' very serviceable, fine Balbriggan and Gauze Vests Now for 39 c Each Tie HosieiT Mm Are Floatii Emily Ii l Mm O'er liaii ot Go! Ms at Loi Prte 100 dozen Ladies' Hose 20c stockings fast black boots and pretty fancy tops, Now for I2c a Pair An exceptionally excellent lot of Ladies 40c Fast Black Hose, double sole, heel and toe, Now for 24c a Pair A powerfully attractive lot Ladies' 75c Fast Black Lisle Hose, either plain or fanc.y, Now for 49c a Pair An extremely nice lot Ladies' $1 Opera Length Hose, fast color, either fancy or plain black, Now for 49c a Pair Children's 30c Fast Black Hose, and they come in both plain or ribbed s8 j, Now for 19c a Pair Children's 50c Stockings, an extra good 50c hose, they've got double knees, heels and toes, . NOW for 24c a Pair Misses' very rich Black Silk 75c Hose, sizes 5j to 84, Now for 49c a Pair Gents' 45c Sox, solid colors and seamless, Now for 24c a Pair Men's 25c British Sox, no better stocking for wear made than this, Now for 14c a Pair An awfully choice lot of really pretty fancy stripe and solid color 50c Lisle Sox Now for 24c a Pair Curtains. Bed Spreads, Etc. The Most Commendable Goods in the Market To-Day for the Money. Fine large size 52, $3 50. $3, H and 54 TO Nnttinsham Lace Curtains Now for OOc, $1.24. $1.49, 9199 and $2.24 a Pair Very handsome, indeed, those t7, $8, ?9 and flO eSectivelv pretty Irih Pointe Lace Curtains Now lor 93.49, $3.99, $4.49 and $1.99 a Pair Also, those elesant IS and 510 very rich aud fascinating Tambour Svis Curtains Now lor $3.99 and $4.99 a Pair The 25e, 40c, 50c and COc Curtain Poles, with, all necessary fixines complete. Now for 19c, 24c, 29c and 39c Eacb Several boxes of Great, Big 51 50, 52 and S3 50 Heavv White Bed Spreads Now lor 99c. 81.24 and $1.49 Each A lot of those new and stylishly pretty SI Corded Pillow Shams Now for 74c a Pair Remnants of Table Linens and White Goods at Away Down Prices as Long as They Last. Waists and Wrappers That Down Everything Round About in Styles, Prices and General Excellence. About 1.500 altogether of thoe 51. 51 25 Polka Dot Penale, Plain, Blue. Pink or White fine White Cambric, handsome Moinie Cloth and fine Black and white Lawn Waists, pick of the lot Now lor 49c Each The balance of those lovely fine BlackLinen Lawn 53 Wrappers, with pretty White Polka Dots, Watteau Back, Rolling Collar, Girdle Belt, edged with feather stitched braid. Now lor 9Sc Each A most excellent range of very nrettr, stylishly cut and well-made S3 50 Zephyr Gingham Wrappers; come along, take picfc,'long as they last Now for 9Sc Each Stores Close at 5 P. M., Saturdays Excepted. ALWAYS THE , CHEAPEST. DANZIGEFIS Wore More Certain, the Hottest Days Tet Have Had no Diminishing-, but Bather Very Much Increasing- Effect on Our Business. Low Prices, Like Good Blood, Tell Every Time. Tl- TL CHRISTMAS S and 51 50 Wants, comprising very- pretty extra fine Lawn, a most superior lot of SIXTH ST. AND , PENNAVE JVSS 1 ' I - - mh WBMHHBIHHBMHPIHiMBESIHIHilMi MWMMMKBWHIIi7piljBrffffiiWffF3Prff tHBBWr
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