t - THE PITTSBURG- DISPATCH, TUESDAY. NOVEMBER 24, 1891. lje Bigpafofr ESTABLISHED FEBRUARY 8. 1S40. Vol. 46, Nn. ISO. Entered at Fittsbuig Tostoffice November 1S57, as second-class matter. Business Office Corner Sraithfield and Diamond Streets. News Rooms and Publishing House 7S and 80 Diamond Street.-in New Dispatch Building. EUTT.UN ADVERTISING OFFirE. ROOM H, TRIBUNE BUILDING. NEW YORK, where eom- flete i!es ofTHEDIiU'ATOHvannlwavs be lnitnrt. oreign advertisers appreciate fie ronvenle'ice. Home advertisers ini Irlcne's ofTHE DISPATCH. bile In New Tori, are also made welcome TUB pniPA TCHU rvilarly m rait at flmfmo', Union Square. Xrw Tort, and 17 Ar at VOpem, Pan. Prance ichere anyone who has been aisap ixitfd at a hotel news stand can obtain it. TERMS OF THE DISPATCH. TOSTAGE FREE IV THE TOTTED STATES. DAtLTDiSrATCH, One Year I SCO Dailt Dispatch, rer Quarter... S00 Daily DisrATcn, One Month TO Daily DisrATcn, lnslndlng Sunday, 1 year.. 10 on D 4ILT DisrATCii. including Sunday, I m'ths. t 50 Dailt Dispatch. Including Sunday, 1 m'th.. SO Scmiat Dispatch, One Year. S SO Weekly Dispatch. One Year... 1 The Daily Dispatch Is delivered by farriers at IS cents per wceV. or. Including Sunday Edition, at S3 cents per weeV. PITTSBURG, TUESDAY, NOV. 24, 1891. TWELVE PAGES FAREWELL, TO FOXSECA. TIic apparently authentic announce mpr.t of the forced resignation of Dictator Fonseca furnishes another strong proof that would-be imitators of Cffisar and Napoleon cannot flourish anywhere on the American Continent Neither the loca tion nor the era is congenial This latest adventurer, who has endeavored to trans form Brazil from a free Republic to a despotic empiie, subject only to his de crees, may consider himself indeed for tunate thar so f?r he has been able to pre serve his life from the vengeance of an in dignant people. It is to be hoped, however,now that suc cess has crowned the efforts of those who refused to submit to a dictatorship, that there will be none of those excises and cruelties sometimes attributed to the fiery South American temper. The Republic will be all the stronger for dealing with as much moderation as possible with those who attempted to destroy it Fonseca dead might come to be considered a mar tyr, while Fonseca alive and properly re strained will serve as an example. FALLING WALLS. The breaking of the storm on Pittsburg ye-tcrday, besides the usrral results of high wind in breaking down wires and Mnashing an occasional sign, found a high nnd partially completed wall on the South Mdeof the rher, which was without the strength to resist the force brought against it. Its fall into the neighboring houses and the lots of one life are the in evitable results. The case repeats on a smaller scale the disaster to the Wille' building of a few -ars ago: and it is instructive to notice that the same excuse, that builders cannot be expected to guard against such extra ordinary storms, is already repeated. But to that it must be answered that the storm of ycslerdav, while unusual, was not un precedented. It was preceded by a re markably low barometer, and came with a suddenness that made it especially impres-r-ive. But the Signal Service reports its maximum speed at 27 miles per hour, while that of the Willey building was 29.6 miles per hour. When we consider that a j-peed of forty or fifty miles an hour is gen erally regarded as necessary to establish a cyclone of destructive energy, it is plain that such winds as these are not au ade quate excuse for falling buildings. The fact is the lesson in this case repeats that of the Willey building, namely, the risk of running up high walls without closing the ends or providing adequate bracings, especially in damp weather when the mortar sets slowly. Twice in the past few years haste of this sort has proved to be waste of property and life as well. The experience ought to be suffi cient to produce a change in the practice. WORKING IT BOTH WATS. Owen E. JIurphy can claim to be the proud leader in new development of the possibilities of travel between the United States and Canada, in -the pursuit of the boodhng profession. Others have per ceived before the possibility of doing a good thing by passing from one country to another with a pile of money belonging to other people; but Murphy has struck out in the original line of working both coun tries. Having been ths Treasurer of the Excise Board in, New Tork, he took 550,000 of the public money and slapped out for Canada. In Canada he became a Government contractor, made a fortuno and finally was run out of the Dominion as a boodler. But this does not discourage a man of Murphy's genius. The possibilities of the business are just opening up. ne goe3 back to New York and out of his Canadian stealings made himself straight by paying back his original defalcation. This puts him in the direct line of Tammany pro motion, and there is no reason why he should not secure some important fiduciary position in New Tork, get well ahead of New Tork City, and in the full ness of time fly between days to Canada and make his peace with the Canadian authorities out of the New Tork funds. It will be seen that this opens up an al most infinite alternation of profitable trips to and fro across our Northern border. In deed, it promises a regular variation of the business among professional and peculat ing politicians except in Pennsylvania. At present there does not seem to be any reason why Pennsylvania politicians who have indulged in irregularities should go to Canada or anywhere else. FLATrORMS ASD POLITICIANS. The "Washington Post very forcibly as serts that in the formation of political platforms, neither party has addressed it self squarely to the sympathy, the intelli gence and the patriotism of the people, but that " both have dodged and quibbled and skipped. Both have suppressed for policy's sake the things they reverenced and ad ocated for the same sordid reason the things they loathed." After which the Post detracts from its comprehension of tiie trouble by asserting that "the shadow of the Mugwump is over it alt" This Is giving the Mugwump a degree of influence in the platform committee of political conventions, that is wholly be yond his actual importance. If we are not much mistaken the people who frame platforms are the exact opposite of the Mugwumps. The habit of professing in platforms the things which they do not be lieve; of suppressing frank avowals of w hat they reaily want for fear that it may cost a few votes; and of making pledges which there Is no intention of carrying out is distinctly the characteristic of the party -zr-iiP rAAm politician who believes that principles are unimportant besido the grand and controlling object of letting the party get held of the offices. The function of the Mugwump has been to revolt against this rule of political in sincerity by protesting when the pro fessions of principles were too wantonly violated In actual practice. If there were more like him, who placed principle and honesty before party allegiance, the politicians would very soon learn the im portance of giving some validity and force to their platform professions. AS TO PAIP ASSESSMENTS. An afternoon cotemporary criticises the statement of The Dispatch that if the curative legislation is not sustained those who have paid their assessments un der the old law will have no means of get ting their money back, and, having paid their own assessments, will have to bear their share of the general levy to pay the assessments of others. This statements excepted to on the ground that "there is no law authorizing the city to commit robbery by compelling persons to pay twice for the same thing, "and the asser tion that property owners" who fail to re ceive exoneration "can assuredly receive the money originally paid." This may be the lay idea of justice, but it will not be wise to rely too confidently on the belief that it is one taken by the courts. It must be remembered that the city does not com pel the property owner strictly to pay twice for the same thing. If induces him to pay once for an assessment on the prop erty for an especial improvement,and that assessment having been declared illegal, it. keeps the money, while assessing him, to help the debt that comes on the city at large by the assessments that have been resisted. That this perpetrates the double incongruity of putting a hardship on those who pay assessments promptly, and of keeping money obtained by methods which the courts declare to be unconstitu tional is true, but we have the concurrent testimony of lawyers and city officials that it is the practice warranted by the rulings of the courts. If the view of our cotemporary pre vails, it will establish a much closer ad herence to the line of even-handed justice; but it will also, in case the curative legis lation is not sustained, land the city in vastly increased practical difficulties. In that case the city will have not only to provide for the payment of the $2,000,000 or more unpaid contracts, but in addition it will have to hustle to find money for re funding the $4,000,000 or 5,000,000 of assessments collected and paid out under the old street acts before the late decision. And whe'h that is done the same inequity will operate against the people who have paid their share of the general levy to clear off this SG,O00,000 or 7,000,000. They will have to pay special assessments under the new law for improvements to be made in the future. In short, the only way on either theory to avoid a greater or less injustice is to have the curative act sustained. And, of course, that involves the logical contradic tion of asserting that an act which it was beyond the power of the Legislature to authorize in the first place can be made constitutional by a subsequent and cura tive act of the same body. A STRIKING SIMILARITY. An exceedingly frank and striking theory of political action is developed by the Richmond Dispatch, in tiiscussing the question whether the Democrats In the next House shall elevate their Speaker to the position of absolutism assumed by Mr. Reed and allow him to count quorums. The Dispatch gravely concludes that, as the Democrats have such a tremendous majority, they will be able to keep a quorum, and as the President and Senate are Republican, so that nothing could be gained by forcing legislation through the House, it is unnecessary, unwise and un profitable to follow the Republican ex ample. The principle that it is foolish to do wrong when you can make just as much by doing right is pretty well established, and the assertion of it is rather supererogatory. But the converse of the Democratic or gan's proposition is so plainly indicated by its argument as to be rather striking. By urging so strongly that nothing is to be gained by adopting the Reed programme, it virtually admits that if there were anj thing to be gained the Democratic party would follow it If there were hope of carrying Democratic measures through by such means, lire Richmond organ tacitly argues that the Democratic Speaker should count quorums, pack committees and refuse to recognize the members of the opposition or entertain their motions. But that is all that Mr. Reed did. No one supposes that even that brutally frank partisan would have done the acts by which he enraged the Democrats if he had not hoped to gain something by it In other words, he had the same justifica tion as that indicated by the Democratic organ as sufficient for the Democrats. When the organ intimates that on the same inducements the Democrats should do tho same thing, it simply amounts to a confession that, from the politician's point of view, the Democratic condemnation of Reed was only partisan clamor. We do not believe that all Democrats have as little regard for principle as this indicates. But the inference that under like circumstances the Democrats would adopt Reed's courso is an evidence that organs and politicians are tarred with. the same stick on both sides of the political fence. THE FARMERS' CO-OPERATION. The reported adoption by the Farmers' Alliance of the Rochdale system of co operation is an effort in the most legiti mate line of that organization's existence. But it will be wise for them to make sure that they can repeat the Rochdale experi ment in practice as successfully as they can adopt it in theory. The history of the Rochdale co-operation shows that it was an enterprise which started on the hum blest scale and worked its way to the grandest proportions step by step. Its progress was due mainly to strict adher ence to three or four principles. The co operators were either by the reduction of expenses or by being made sharers in the profits supplied with goods cheaper than they could get them elsewhere; the busi ness was under the close supervision of those interested; and finally all'sales were made for cash, doing away Avith the margin to cover losses for bad debts. On tuis plan the Rochdale co-operation worked ibelf up by a healthy growth from an almost infinitesimal start It is easy to see that building up a great business step by step, in this way, is a very different thing from bringing it into exist ence like Minerva fully equipped and on tho largest scale from the inception. Whether the Farmers' Alliance can ac complish the latter feat the actual experi ment only can tell. The greatest difficulty will be in securing the business manage ment which can conduct such an enter prise honestly and intelligentlyon the vast scale proposed. The co-operative organiz ation cannot, like tho trusts, rely on arti ficially enhanced prices, or stock-jobbing manipulations to secure prosperity. If it does not perform the mercantile service more cheaply or better than the usual system, it will speedily lose the support of tho fanners. Beyond that the cash system which was the sheet anchor of the Roch dale plan is more than likely to prove a rock in the path of agricultural co-operation. Nevertheless, there arc many aspects in which this project shows decided strength. A co-operative enterprise of that magni tude should be able to defeat the many de vices by which excessive profits are secured to middlemen in the marketing and dis tribution of profits. Indeed, in the present paralysis of legal principles before the might of the trusts, it is doubtful if there is any way to offset those combinations ex cept by organization of consumers on these lines. The Philadelphia Press devotes consider able space to studying the causes of Mr. Blaine's defeat in 1&S4. This is a long de ferred performance of a duty which gen erally ocenpies party organs during the six weeks immediately succeeding an election. It would he gratiiying if it could ho believed that politicians generally wore disposed to study tho causes of defeat seven years nfter it has occurred. But it seems difficult to get some Pennsylvania politicians to remember why they were licked 1890. The blowing down of two electric light towers in Allegheny by the high wind yes terday will be regarded by a great many Alleghenlans as a jnst visitation on the tower for its work in darkening tho streets in that vicinity. The promise of a circus in the New York Senate is hardly sufficient to justify tho Hon. David Bennett Hill in his effort to slip some of his boys in tinder the official canvass. TALK to the effect that Chile has backed down or that it has been forced to do so, by the brag and bluster of the Government, which are tho two expressions indulged in by tho opposing organs, is equally mis placed. The fact is, that when reasonable and courteous negotiations began the good sense of tho two Governments made tho way clear to an amicable settlement. The exhuming of ninety vehicle license plates from the collar of the Allegheny municipal building, is an indication that probing into the dark recesses of the North side's city business is certainly not without results. The news from the speakership contest have tho same qualities of fickleness and unreliability that mark the news Irom the South American revolution. Much space has been devoted more or less successfully to clearing Egan of the charge of having transgressed neutrality in the Chilean, struggle. But no one has yet produced a defense of the chargo that he pre sented a moderate and conservative note of the Government to Chile in a way that made it a bluster and menace. The speak-easy raids amount to evidence that the illicit liquor business still crops out at points, and that the police authorities are still of the laudable opinion that it is their business to stop it. The widely advertised Mexican revolu tion is not coming up to the standard of suc cess obtained by the Brazilian and Chilean entertainments. The Standard oil consultations in this city may be, as alleged, simply of routine matters; but the routine is bringing them here so closely together as to pardon the opinion of the suspicious outside public that there is something in the wind, if not in the wells. Our weather is showing all the varieties that are incident to the season; but a critio would have grounds for complaining that it need not be so suddenly enthusiastic in its changes. The wind was not a cyclone; but it blew nearly as fiercely as the jingo press at a safe distance fioin. the scene of difficulties In Chile. Jerry Simpson's claim that thirty-five Alliance member will meet in the caucus of that party in the House, is rather too closely in tho line of his prediction of 150,000 Alli ance votes in Ohio, to make a severe impres sion on the public. The wind evidently intended that the members of the National Committee shall have time to get safely home before the dis appointed cities can learn of their action. It seems that prisoners can get out of the Butler count- jail almost as easily as out of our granite structure under the late regime. PERSONAL. Walt Whitman has of late refused to see the visitors who come in numbers to call on him. He has been compelled to take this precaution in self-defense against tho idle curiosity which brings them to his doors. The Beau Brummel of New York's middle-aged millionaires is Mr. D. O. Mills, who follows the fashions in male attire very closely, wears his clothes well and is alto gether a model for a metropolitan Crcosus to pattern after. Clarence It Claghorn, of Philadel phia, will sail for Hambmg to-day for the purpose of inspecting the appliances con nected with the coal and coke operations of Germany and Austiia. Miss Bra'ddon, the novelist, has one great hobby the collection of oldchlna. She has a series of magnificent 'cabinets of this at her house In Richmond, near London, and one room is known as the plate-room, be cause It is hung around with china plate. Sir Edwin Arnold's resemblance to Charles Dickens attracts general attention among New Yorkers. If Sir Edwin is so much better a speaker, according to Amer ican ideas, than most ot the other lecturers Great Britain has sent or lent us, it may be because ho is so much better a journalist. There Is but one American whom the esteemed King of Slam has ever deemed worthy to wear the decoration of the Sacred White Elephant, and that was General J. A. Halderman, of Kansas, who shares this precious privilege with Edwin Arnold and Queen Victoria. Congressman William M. Springer, the Illinois candidate lor Speaker, is a tall, wiry man, with thin hair and an iron-gray beard and mustache. He always wt ars a Prince Albert frock-coat, carefully brushed, tightly buttoned and ornamented with a buttonhole bouquet. John Rtxskin will soon complete his 72d year, and for G5 of those years he has been a pdet, though for the most part using prose as the vehicle of expression for highly poetic thought. At the age of 7 ho wrote in blank verse a singular essay on "Time." The next year he wrote nn invocation to the sun to shine on his garden, which is an amusing, almost a pathetic, mixtuie of poetry and pathos. At tho age or 20 he gained tho Now digate prize for English poety, and soon after abandoned the muse because, as he said, he could not express his ideas in verse. Immigrants Fleeing From Europe. Denver Republican. It is a significant fact that a great many of the immigrants from Europe t ho are now arriving s.iy that they have been induced to emigrate through the fear that there will be a war in Europe next year. Whether these immigrants ruaiiy jtnow nnyimng abont the prospect of war may be questioned, but it would seem olear that where there is a gen eral fear aihong the people that war is im minent, thore must bo some foundation for it. The leading nations of continental Europe are under such a heavv strain to Iiroserve their military establishments that t would not bo surprising ir they were to seek relief in war. If so, they would be prompted by tno hope that a war would so far settle international European questions that there would no longer be any necessity for the maintenance of large Standing armies for tho preservation of peace. J&M&h. RECEPTION DEFERRED. Mrs. Sumner Will Not Give an Art Recep tion, Thoncli Pittsburgers Individually Are Good Patrons A Crotchet Is Crochet Tea Table Talk. Mrs. Prances Sumner has decided not to give an art reception during her present visit. Instead, she has contented herself with calling npon acquaintances, or the ac quaintances of acquaintances, to induce, or more correctly to revive an interest in etchings. Keally there hasn't been much trouble in doing this, for Pittsburg people were always wonderfully hospitable to tihs example or art m black and wnite. In lien of the l.irger. formal art reception, Mrs. Sumner has had the walls of her suite of rooms in the Monongahela House hung with some of the most exquisite of the etchings she brought with her, and here her friends, or appreciative people, are mado exceed ingly welcome. Her rooms Inst week were the Mecca of many travelers on the road to art knowledge, and many more are expected this week, which will be Mis. Sumner's last act, for the present, in Pittsburg. A few choice wator colors makes tho collection a very complete one for connoisseurs. Coltart square last night was the scene of mnch enjoyment, inasmuch as Mr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Glesenkamp's residence goes to make up for a pleasant reception. Tho occasion was the christening of Joseph Glesenkamp, Jr., a likely looking chap ot ten day's experience on earth. The house was beautifully decorated w itk flowers, etc., also being enhanced by a charming array of young ladies, friends of Mrs. Glesenkamp. A collatiou served by Hasan was tastily placed on the festal board and as heartily enjoyed by the guests. Many bright, anpropriate and happy re marks were made for tho young couple and especially for the heir who promises to bo a credit to the name. G. Dawson Swearegin was toastraaster, while L. Glesenkamp, the happy grandfather, was a most efficient master of ceremonies. Among the guests present were: Mr. and Mrs. L. Glesenkamp, Mr. and Mrs. T. S. O'Ncil, Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Can-, Mr. and Mrs. L. Glesenkamp, Jr., of Pittsburg; Mr. and Mrs C. Hess, Mis Maggie Campbell, Miss Aunie Hess, Adam Hess, all of Wheeling, tho homo of Mrs. J. A. Glesenkamp. Some of tho yonng gentlemen present were: G. D. Swearegin, John L. O'Ncil, Edwin Kiley.S.B. Thompson and S. Lcmeul Behrmann. 'Burt" is disturbed over the disposal of awhite crocheted nocktie and writes to The DisrATcn regarding his trouble. We do not wear such a necktio, have never worn one, nor do not expect soon to do so. So we profoss not to bo authority, on when it is in season or out of season. But a Ward Mc Allister, on dress in town, at our request, comes to "Burt's" aid. A white silk croch eted tie should never be worn with evening dress, 1. e., with formal swallow tail coat and low cut vest; first, because it is not good form a reply which is not an answer and socondlj-, since this sort of a tie is neces sarily a-lour-in-hand, it would bo too short for a low cut vest. It is, however, emi nently to wear it, sav, in semi-evening dress, nnd when one is calling upon the dear one who mado it. Undoubtedly she will tliinkit needs adjustment, nnd then and then but why should the writer venture to force his impertinent third person upon such a scene? Mrs. Andrew Boyce, Secretary of the W. C. T. U., has written to Lady Henry Somerset regarding her cousin's promised visit, but has not yet received an answer. The arrangements for Lady Henry's recep tion will bo completer than those were for her expected 111 rival in November. A public hall will be chosen for her to speak in, us it is thought she will draw a larger nndience there than at tho Smithfield M. E. Church. It is iolt that, while there would not be open hostil ity to a church building, there might be coolness. The place of lecture will not be selected until Lady Somerset gives a posi tive assurance of her coming. The School of Design for Women has ar ranged to defer their tableaux until Janu ary 19. It would not be convenient to give them earlier than that in the Pittsburg Club Theater, now beingrefnrnished.anditwould not be preferable to give them elsewhere. Without exactly making a plea for the en tertainment, still it wouldn't bo a bad plan lor the friends of the girls to remember the School of Design about Christmas, and lay aside something against the arrival of the tableaux. They will be very clever, very swell, and unite the correct function to at tend in January. For Thanksgiving Day a special pro gramme of musio has been arranged at the Third Projbyterlan Church, to be sung bv the regular choir. Miss May Beesley, so prano; Mrs. Mary R. Scott, contralto; Mr. F. J. Jussman, tenor; Mr. W. B. Edwards, bass; Prof. J. H. Gittings, organist. The pro gramme is: "Praise the Lord," quartet, Mo zart; "I Will Extol Thee," soprano solo from the oratorio "Eli," "Costa:" "Thou Visitest the Earth,'' quartet, W. H. Callcott: Jubilate, tenor and soprano solos and quartet ar ranged Xrom tho "Staboat Mater"' of Rossini, introducing tne -innaniniaius." A SMALLER audience than that on Satur day, due, no doubt, to the weather, greeted Mrs. Parker last night at the Pennsylvania College for Women. Tho lady continued her interesting lecture on dies and letorm, though omitting some of tho most interest ing details concerning the new fad in under wear, as eentlemen had been Invited to be present. Mrs. Parker stays in town for a few days. Social Chatter. A very pretty sight last night was Mr. and Mrs. E. A. Ford's box party to Clara Morris at the -Alvin Theater. The ladies went all bate beaded and in exquisite evening dress; tho delicate shades of their gowns being charming foil to the beautifully draped and upholstered boxes. The party occupied the t o left-hand boxes. Mns. John W. Black will bo hostess to a theater party of 13 children at the Audito rium on Pcnn avenue in honor of her little sons. MiS3 Saixie Waud, of the East End, is vis iting relatives and friends in New York. UNCONVENTIONAL mWENTIONALITIES. The city of Tittsburg asks for the next Republican Convention because tho party was born there. If she secures it the fact will suggest some comparisons and con trasts. St Louis Post-Dispatch. 1 the friends of Cincinnati for the Re publican National Convention can "get out a full vote" in the committee it is altogether likely that the Qdeen City will receive the prize. Cincinnati Commercial Gazette. New York may succeed in getting the Re publican National Convention, but in the present uncertain condition of her water supply it would be unreasonable to ask tho Prohibitionists to assemble there. Philadel phia Public Ledger. UarocBTEELV the holding of the conven tion in St. Louis would give a boom to the Republican party in this locality which would add tens of thousands to its vote in Missouri and the adjoining States in the Presidental canvass St. Louis Globe-Democrat. The attitude of Chicago regarding tho national convention is, according to the Times of that city, "one of modest merit." Then Chicago may as well be counted out Such an attitude as that is the very reverse of the one which has won all her victories. When Chicago relies upon "modest merit" she will get nothing. A'l. Lows Republic. Peace to Its Ashes. Kansas Cltj- Times. The people's party hasn't enough people in it to support two political parties with widely diverging views. It seems that the Indianapolis Convention was determined to be in at the death. Anyway, peace to the ashes of the once formidable Alliance. November. Now an opalescent Telling Crowns the hills ; the dead leaves sailing On the streams do tell the falling Autumn tide. Frosts have wronght their old destruction; Gnats are powerlcs for suction; And the pumpkin vine's production Now Is pled. Later truck the wains are freighting; "Spoons'' at fireside tete-a-tete-ing: Harvest parties congregating In the barns. Baring now are bush and briar; Egg quotations getting higher; While at barroom stoves the liar Spins his yarns. Golden tears the willow's weeping; Russet leaves thro' laneways sweeping; "Tabby" near the hearthstone sleeping On the rug. Snows their flurry feats are trying; And the farmer, rest cspjlng, Seeks his every-satlsfying Cider jug. Boston Courier. SSfcV.- " jrWJtf'ji,,J-3r-."' .., ,.---( jStLjfc-a. TfrTrwraiTairMgri T"-inr'i fwriBTn &?$. sn. COUHTBY HAII VZLX7EB.Y. It Would Be a Saving of the Time or the Teople Generally. Chicago Herald. Onoieasonwhy froo mail delivery should bo extended beyond tho limits of cities and largo tonns is because it would be in the broadest and best senso economical. It would.cffect a great saving of time to the people in tho country. It would take very much less time in tho aggregate for one man to deliver the mail to a score or more of farmers than for each of those farmers to go to tho postofflce and get his mail. Tho farmer could better afford -to pay 3 cents postage on each Jetter, if it were necessary, than to go after his mail every day or even every three or four days. Whatever time tho farmer would savo by free delivery ho could employ so as to savo from five to twenty times the cost of delivery. an(l what he saved would go to improve his condition In some way. It might glvo liim a daily paper with the market quotations, or it might give him any of a hundred things which he does not now enjoy. But it is not necessary to Increase the post age on mail matter delivered by the country carrier service. As has heretofore been stated in those columns, it has been pretty thoroughlv demonstrated by experiment in no less than SI States that free delivery would pay by inducing a greatly increased use of the mails. It has been found that the average cost is about $200 per township. In some townships the increased uso of tho mails has not been enough to make up this $200, hut in others it has been more than enough, so that on tho average free delivery more than pays so far as it has been tried. FOB 6HEBMAN. The Preponderance of Ohio Republican Newspapers Favor the Senator. Chicago Inter-Ocean. When the morning after t tie Ohio election the Cincinnati Commercial-Gazette, the Mans field JYeus, tho Toledo Blade, and half a dozen other papers not so well known, be gan a shout for ex-Governor Foiaker, and claim that John Sherman w ould be retired from tho United States Senate, there was a gravjj suspicion that tho friends of Eoraker had undertaken to forestall pnblic opinion by the shout of a press syndicate. If such was the intention, the plan has miscarried. The Ohio pi ess has kept quiet on the Sena torial question during the campaign. That was proper discretion, since it is always difficult and dangerous to light a great bat tle with the enemy and have a contest di viding the army at the same time. But since the election and tho loud claims of the Cincinnati CommercxaUGazetlc, which is no longer the leader of the Republican press in Ohio, the papers have begun to speak their preferences, and 75 of the best known Republican papers in the State have declared for Sherman's re-election. Tills list is led by four stalwart papers, four of the ablesc Republican defenders of the State, the Cleveland Leader, the Ohio State Journal, of Columbus, tho Cincinnati Time Slar, and the Dayton Journal. Theso papers havo always been Republican papers, above the taint of suspicion. Tney have never been conducted in the interest of tho per sonal glory of any one man, but to represent the Republican sentiment of the cities and sections of tho State where edited. POLlTJfiL POINTS. The Cincinnati Commercial-Gazette dees not know when the Senatorial contest is over. It ought to stop to figure, and then it would learn that over two-thirds of tho Republi can members of the Legislatnio are for Shei man. Ohio State Journal That faction of the Farmers' Alliance organization which believes in tho sub treasury, has called a convention, proposing a separate organization. It is a question, however, in many minds, whether the alliance is large enough at tho present time to split. Boston Traveller. Governor Hill is making himself liable to the charge of being greedy by holding on to two offices. It is likely, however, that he doesn't care so much for the money as for the secret joy of holding two offices, and keeping Jones out of one. Jones is not al together happy. Baltimore American. Am estimate of Senator Sherman's strengh, published in the columns of tho paper which started the boom for Foraker, gives the Manflscld statesman 60 of the 92 votes of the Repnblican caucus. This is rather low, but a majority of 23 will be a pretty comfortable margin. Cleveland Leader. It is charged now that the delay under tho Cleveland Administration in deciding the pending applications in the telephone suits was due to Attorney General Garland and his interest in the Pan-Electric Company. The new House of Representatives will have a chance to investigate this matter. No matter how the delay was caused, the laws should be changed topreventtherecurrence of sueh a scandal. Philadelphia Press. This country furnishes nearly 80 per cent of tho raw cotton supply, and it is estimated that the world's consumption this year will reach 12,C2t,C0O bales. In the crop year of 1878-70 tho world's consumption of raw cotton was 7,185,230 bales of 400 pounds, whereas the consumption had incieased last year to 12,898,328 bales, a gain in twelvo years of 5,411,038 bales, or over 72 per cent. Manifestly the policy of encouraging home manufact ures has had more to do with the prosperity of tho South than the free-traders aro willing to admit. San Francisco Call. THE SPEAKERSHIP KACE. Roger Q. Mills came clear from Texas to help on the Democratic cause in. New Eng land, and now the New England Democratic representatives in Congress aro inclined to drop him as a candidate for Speaker. What ingratitude! Boston Traveller. The St. Louis Bepublic says: "Mr. Mills represents the common sense of tho Demo cratic party." The party has not of late years got mucn of that into its platforms. Tho question won't turn on "common senso" but how much Tammany does Mills iep resentT Chicago Inter-Ocean. Mr. Mills has the lead, and runs the usual risk of precedence. As yet, however, their are no signs of successful combination against him. Mr. Crisp follows closest to his heels among his competitors, but Mr. Mills' friends are confident and see no reason for doubt of his success. Philadelphia Record. We do not see how the patriotic Demo cratic Congressmen of Massachusetts can afford to compromise with Mr. Mills for a simple postponement of tho silver issue. As Mr. Mills is supposed to have the Democratic party by the tail, the Massachusetts patriots ought to compel him to kill the issue at once and forever. Atlanta Constitution. The New York Times, the Boston Herald and the Springfield Republican, three news papers which are Mugwumps because they aro free traders, have declared for Mr. Mills for Speaker. When wo have heard from "Larry" Godkin, of the Evening Post, that tho true interests of the Democracy require the election of the free t ratio and incomo tax crank to the po3t held by Kerr, Randall and Carlisle, tho polls will be closed. Ah no! theie is the Providence Journal to hear from Xcw York Sun. Ix the judgment of most Republicans, Mr. Mills has infirmities of temper which 1 ender him a decidedly unsuitable man for the Speakership. Judge Crisp is a much more desirable man for that place, and his opin ions on financial Questions rendor him more nearly a faithful representative of.the real wishes of his party. The public wants to get business done, first of all, and a clear headed and self-controlled Speaker will be much more likely to get some real work out of a Democratic House. Xew York Tribune. Secondary Valne of the Koch Lymph. The famous Koch remedy which has. failed iu the primary purpose of curing consump tion, has turned out to be by 110 means a useless invention. The fluid can be relied on as a certain means of' diagnosing tho presence of tuberculosis in horned cattle, and the question is being seriously consid ered of making inoculation of all milch cows obligatory, and the slaughtering of thoso showing symptoms of disease compul sory. It appears, lrom experiments in this direction in Germany, that cattle of various bieeds, inoculated with lymph, have shown consideriiblo riso in temperature, accompanied withmarked iiiterfeience with the-action ot respiratory organs, when the animal was affected with tuberculosis. Healthy subjects, free fiom tuberular taint, are 111 no wise inconvenienced by the opera tion. This means of protecting man lrom the evil effects of very serious contagion, is but little short in importance of the pur pose for which the lymph was originally designed. STORIES OF THE STREET. Freaks or the Storm An Old Grandam's Sad Plight Mr. Carnegie's Visit to tho Allegheny Library Improvements and Repairs Needed There The Entracto Nulsancj Attracts a Babe's Attention. The8tormor wind and rain which swept down npon tho city yesterday caught a good many people unprepared. Among others abkr drygoodsflrm got at least one lesson in economy at rather a high price. They sent a valuable wrap to one of their customers, and neglected to give the boy carfare. The wrap was packed in a big pasteboard box, and though the boy tried to protect it as best he might with bis coat.the box was pulp and the wrap a wreck by tho timo they leached their destination. Naturally the customer, a lady, refused to accept a musby mixture of silk and paste board as her purchase, and tho boy had to tako it back to the store, where the storm broke out afresh. About 10 o'clock a young woman passing along Smithfield street yesterday morning, was asked by a venerable old woman to direct her to a house in Woods' Run, to which she expected to make her wav on foot. The storm was at its height, and tho voting woman, in the security "of her um brella nnd macintosh, took pity upon the old one, who without any defense against the lashing rain, was already drenched through, and gave her 10 cents for carfare, as well as the dh ection she asked. While they waited fora car.the old woman.whomighthavo been her benefactress' grandmother, related how she came to he out in such weather. She had been a patient in one of the city hos pitals for many weeks, suffering Irom the grip, and that morning she bad been dis charged cured. She had not a penny, and it may be charitably presumed that the hos pital authorities sent her out without even carfare because the rain at that hour had not begun to fall. It was notexactly tho sort of morning for a convalescent from the grip to be out. Waiting in tho Carnegie Library in Alle gheny for the storm to abate the writer saw three umbrellas blown insido out at one time, for tho wind had a particularly free sweep acrors the hay market square and up Federal sticet. Of the tnree.persons whose umbrellas fell a pi ey to tho hurricane, only one had tho sens to face about and make the wind undo its work by blowing her um brella into serviceable shape again, and she was a little girl of ton. What added to tho misery of pedestrians in Allegheny about this time was the disablement of all the elec tric lines for nearly half an hour. The wind played havoc with tho wiies, and while they were grounded, of course, all the cars came to a standstill. Mr. Carnegie Pleased With His Monument When Mr. Carnegie visited the library which he gave to Allegheny, on Friday last, he was very well pleased with all that he saw there. It was in the afternoon, and although Friday was not such a busy day at the library as some arc, Mr. Carnegie had a good chance to sec the operation of all the departments. Mrs. Carnegie, Mr. Henry Phipps, Mr. Eicketson and another gentle man accompanied Mr. Carnegie. They visited the mdsic hall.and heard the big organ before making a tour of the library proper. Mr. Stevenson, the librarian, took them through the building, showed them how the 15,000 volumes now in the library weie arranged upon the shelves, and pointed out to Mr. Phipps his special donation of scien tific works. Mr. Carnegie and all his party congratulated Mr. Stevenson on the condi tion of the library and the efficiency of the stnff of ladies ho has cathered about him. The only considerable feature that is lack in tl.n Carnegie Library, according to tho librarian, sundry Councilmen and many per sons who use tho library with whom tho writer has talked, is a proper reference de partment. There is no room for this import ant part of a public library at present. Sueh a room would contain the major part of the books most often neeaed for reference, and suitable accommodations for reading and writing. Tho readlngroom proporis nottoo large tor the readers of periodicals and pa pers and light literatnre, and there is little space there for the student who de sires to consult many books and make notes therefrom. Mr. Knox, tho Chairman of tho Library Committee of Councils said to mo yesterday: "I should have liked to havo suesested to Mr. Car negie the oher day when he visited the library, the way by w hich tiio additional space for the much-needed reference library could be secured at a moderate cost and conveniently. There is a vacant area be tween the cataloguing room and the musio hall, over tho boiler room, upon which could be erected a building that would not mar the architectural scheme of the structure as it now stands, and which would give us all tho room we want. If this is over done it might be advisable to tear out the northern end of the music hall and add sufficient space for a stago to accommodate a chorus of 200 or 3C0." Repairs Needed at the Library. It is stated on good authority that consid erable repairs will have to be made upon library building if the damage done during last winter is not to be repeated on a more disastrous scale. Last winter after the heavy snow storms the work of clearing the roof of the music hall occasioned much trouble and expense. The snow drifted there more than once to the cxtont of many wagon loads, and had to be shoveled off" as quickly as possible, for it soaked through the roof and ruined tho frescoing or the hall. It is said that the specifications de manded that the tiles should be cemented, but they w ere not and the roof has always leaked. The roof ought to be repainted at once. Another thing that must be done bo fore the big blizzards come along is to pro tect the skylight of the cataloguing room. Xast winter a mass of snow slid down from the library roof upon this skylight, broke the glass and overwhelmed a lair cataloguer and the books on the tables. The roof is not provided with a large enough gutter to pre vent such avalanches, and tho best way to piotect tho skylight below would be to set up a gridiron of iron to break and scatter the snow. " This will probably ho done. The Man Between the Acts. Allttlo gill went to the theater for the first time last Saturday afternoon, and what astonished her more than DeWolf Hopper's clowning, the visions of Siamese scenery, or even the elephants that was not "a really elephant," and yet so like one, wa3 the exodus of men between the acts. "Where are they all going?" she asked her mother. "To see a man, mv dear," her mother re nlled. This puzzled the little maid fora moment, and then she said: "Will they all bring him back?" "Yes, dear I think they will," and lnckily- suineiuuig eisu abiiuuicu uie younjr ouaerver and her mother was not compelled to ex plain the unexplainable. LARGUAGES 117 THE SCHOOLS. If One Is Taught, Others May Be Asked for J by the People. Church Work. Teaching German in tho public schools may be comparatively trifling, looking at it from only a financial point of view, but when wc consider it in connection with the political results which may follow such a precedent that all foreign nationalities may demand, and have a right to demand, like treatment at tho bands or tho State, it behooves us to move with greatest caution. The Germans are, and always have been, foremost in patriotism and love for this country. Their devotion to tho Nation and the State in which they live, cannot be ques tioned; but -when they view this subject in the proper way, and realize the fact that what may be a safe measure in their hands, might become a dangerous experiment should other nationalities attempt it and succeed, they ill say, "Hands' off, wo want no French, no Bohemians, no Germans, no Italians, as such, in this country; but we want a Nation, containing all these, but all American citizens, speaking one language, having one political faith of Justice and Freedom, alike for all." Mosby,the Noted Guerilla Chief. Baltimore American. The noted Confederate cavalryman. Col. John S. Mosby, is in Washington. People who havo pictured trie daring raider as a stalwart chieftain, ferocious and grim-vis-aged, would be disappointed In his ppear ance. He is not over medium build and weight, though heavier now than when be figured as a combatant. He is in the best of health and vlgorons as a youth. His eyes aro piercing bluoand his hair snow-white. He wears no beard. The Colonel dresses in a neat, business-like costume, but the slouch hat tells of his Southern antecedents. He has been a citizen of San Francisco ever since giving up his consular office at Hong Kong, and is one of the attorneys of the Southern Pacific Railroad. 'sAm . CURIOUS CONDENSATIONS. The pennyweight was the exact tfeight of the old British silver penny. Yellowstone National Park in North western Wyoming comprises 3,600 square miles. The first complete Italian translation of Poe's poems will be published in Rome next month. At Tornca, Einland, June 21 Is jearly 22 hours long, and Christmas less than three hours in length. In Kansas careful inquiry is said to reveal the fact that jdesirablo land has in creased 25 per cent in value in the past U years. One of the most Important and valuabh collections of postage stamps and other postal devices in the world is in the German Imperial Fostofflce Museum at Berlin. "Personal" item from the Talmud: "Sloses died on the seventh day of Adar, the same day of the same month on which ho was born, his ago being exactly 120 yoars. The marks , s., 4, used as the designa tions for tho principal denominations of British money are nn abbreviation for thd Latin "libra, solldi et denarii," "pounds, shillings and pence." The longest day of the year at Stock holm, Sweden, Is cighteenand one-half honrs in length. At Spltzberzen, three and one halfmonths. At London, England, sixteen and one-half hours, andat New York about fifteen hours long. "China for the Chinese" is the motto of tho Ka-lo-ko Society of China, the member ship of which is numbered by millions. The soflety is secret. One of its main objects is to prevent foreigners from living in tho Celestial Empire, and another is to dethrono the present Tartar Emperor and restore the ancient Ming dynasty. The richest man in New York is John D. Rockefeller, who is said to have nearly tlSO.OOO.OOO. Then follow the Astors with probably $130 000,000. Cornelius Vanderbilt with about $123,000 1.00 and Jay Gould, who may have $100,000,000. Tho richest man America has ever been was William H. Vanderbilt. who. at the time of his death, was worth $200,000,000. The ancient cubit varied among- differ ent peoples. It is the length of the human arm from the elbow to tho tip of the middle finger. According to tho most recent in vestigations, the Roman cubit was 18.47 inches in length: the Greet. 18.20. and the Hebrew from 20.24 to 21.88, the variations be ing due to tho age and the locality in which the measure was employed. The chief scenes of shipping disasters that occur off coasts are, in England, the approaches to the Thames, the Mersey, the Humber, and the Tyne; the entrance to the Channel, and the Norfolk and Cornish coasts. In Scotland the Firths of Forth and Clyde. Iu Ireland the wreck localities ara scattered pretty impartially along the east ern shore from Larnc to Cape Clear. The Norwegians make of goat's milk a brown cheese, called "mysost," which does not look very inviting to a foreigner. It is made in the shape of little bricks. A native. Dr. Julius NIcbolyson, was sending some Norwegian delicacies to a friend in Germany, and among others ho put in a piece of mysost. His friend wrote and thanked him for the salmon, etc., and then continued: "The soap is very nice: but we find great difficulty in making the lather." This was the cheese! What is called the "facial angle" wa invented by Feter Camper, and first de scribed by him in a book published in 179L Its use is in measuring the elevation of the forehead. One line is drawn from' the mid dle of the ear to the edge of the nostrils, and another thence to the ridge of the frontal bone, and the greater the angle the greater is supposed to be the intelligence of the sub ject measured. In tho inferior races the facial angle is usually between 60 and 70; with Europeans it is from 75 to 85 degrees. In Yucatan, men, women and children smoke, and hundreds of girls are employed in making cigarettes. The bettor class of people make their own, and in town, village and city the ladies may be seen sitting be hind the prison-like gratings of the win dows of tho houses quietly rolling up to bacco in a small piece of maize husk and smoking these cigarettes incessantly, claim ing that the toasting of tho maize busk as it burns gives a delicate flavor to the cigarette far , snrpassing that of tobacco leaf or paper. The grain, the smallest weight' inrjlse, was called- lrom being originally- the weight of a grain of wheat. A stat ute, passed in England in 1256, ordained that 32 grains of wneat. taken from the middle of the ear, or head, and well dried, should make a pennyweight, 20 of which should make an ounce, while 12 ounces were to make a pound. The pound, therefore con sisted then of 7,650 grains. Some oenturies later the pennyweight was divided into 21 grains, which make the troy pound, as now used, 3,760 grains. The postage stamp will be 52 years old In May of next year. Its inventor was a printer, James Chalmers, of Dundee, Scot land, who died in 1353. England, 52 years ago, introduced the new system of prepar ing letter postage, and according to a decree of December 21. 139, issued the first stamps, which were to be put before the public on May 6 of the following year, as noted above. A year later they were introduced in the United States and Switzerland: and within three years had become common in Bavaria, Belgium and France. A Yakima, Wash., artesian well is ex hibiting most peculiar characteristics. The drill was sent down 290 feet, when work was suspended, awaiting casing, owing to a phe nomenon which cannot be accounted for. Sometimes there is a suction, and sometimes a blast of air from tne well. One aay a piece of paper placed over the hole would bo drawn down.while tho next it would be sent flying Into the air. That an air chamber has been struck there is little question, but the varying mood of the wind is what Is puzzling those who are interested. The ''African pumpkin" or gamhen, is very different from the well known Amer ican fruit of that name, being a tree with a short but abnormally thick trunk, but it U oftbopompion family to which b6longtho melons. The trunk grows about 14 feet high. with a diameter of from 3 to 6 feet. The rind is white as chalk and perfectly smooth, and tho clumsy trunks among the green shrubbery look more like marble columns tnan anything else. These plants attain a wonderful age; Wellstedt reports having found at Kadhub, not far from Tamarid, in the bark of a gamhen trunk an Arabian in scription bearing the date of 1640. The wood is not solid and compact like that of the trees we know, but full of sap and cuts like a turnip. A penknife is sufficient to cut a stairway into the trunk of n gamhen, over which the flowers ort the top can be reached. COMIC CUTLETS MOSTLY VEAL. Onenight We had a fine toneh of realism at the play last night: did you noUce It ? Futlltes No; what was it? Onenight The applause was genuine. Day The saying "Dead men tell no tales" Isn't true any more. Weeks Since when ? Day Since the magazines began salting 3ISS. and waiting for the author to die. Sew York Herald. SPADES THE riXAL TRCJTPS, "What are trumps in the game of life?" I asked of all In the busy strife. "Hearts." said tne maiden, shy and sweet. With happy eyes and blushes fleet. The society belle smiled scornfully: Hearts for you, butdlaraonds forme." "Clubs," drawled the blase man of the world. Drifting down stream with his sails all furled. The grave digger laughed as he piled his trade t "Spades are the final trumps." he said. Baltimore' American. Juvenile Johnny, having had the mean ing of the phrase "nullum in parvo" amply ex plained to him. and being called upon to give an lUustratlon. replied with great enthnslasm. "Why baby. Just after dinner." Boston Courier. Hounds Have yon any family tie ? Chappie Oh, va-a. I have thwee oh foah that I let my sistaw and youngaw brothaw weab.some times. "Do you believe in love in a cottage?" he asxed, fondly. "I am wiUlug to." she renlled. In a busings tone, "without putting the experiment to 1 test." Harper's Bazar. - Nassau Why did you leave Dr. Flips ley's church? f Bcefcinan He Introduced the new'hlgh church Idea of kneellng-and my tailor positively refuses to give me any more credit. Brooklyn Eagle. "Mr. Candbeefe, of Chicago, has broken his engagement with Miss Mlnery Emerson, of Boston." "For wh at reason J" y "He heard that she was very famlllhr with on body named Browning. "i'ew YorkPreeSt, (jgjj l&MMk. ffifrwf5MMP8iiEWM &2K3WZiZ!t2 mmmim:m
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers