& 12 THE PECTSBTJR& DISPATCH, FRIDAY. OCTOBER 16, N189L ASSWER OF SHEBMAS To a Hadical Woman Writer TYho Has Issued a Pamphlet Charging SEYEX FINANCIAL CONSPIRACIES. The Acts She Condemns Were All for the Country's Benefit. ASSERTIONS TIIAT ARE TEOTES FALSE Colitsibus, Oct. 15. The following let ter, written by Senator Sherman, has been made public: Mansfield, O., Oct 12, 1891. ilr. Charles F. Stoker. Canton, O.: My Dear Sin Tours of the 8th, accom panied by Mrs. S. E. V. Emery's pamphlet called "Seven Financial Conspiracies "Which Have Enslaved the American People," is received. Some time since this wild and visionary book was sent to rae, and I rcatl it with both amusement and astonishment that anyone could read it w ith approval or be deceived by its falsehoods. The "seven financial conspiracies" are the seven great pillars of our financial credit, the even great financial measures by which the Government was saved from the perils of war and by which the United States has become the most flourishing and prosperous nation in the world. The firt chapter attributes the civil war to an infamous plot of capitalists to absorb the wealth of the country nt the expense of the people, when all the world knows that the civil war was organized by slaveholders to destroy the National Government and to et up a slaveholding confederacy in the South upon it? ruins. The "Shylock" de scribed bv Mrs. Emerv is 3 phantom of her imaginatio- The "Shylocks of the war" were the men who furnished the means to carry on the Goi ernment and to put down the rebellion, and included in their number the most patriotic citizens of the Northern States, who, uniting their means with the services and sacrifices of our soldiers, put down the rebellion, abolished slavery, and preserved and strengthened our Govern ment. THE FIRST CONSPIRACY. The firft of her "conspiracies" she calls the exception clause in the act of February 25, 1802, by which the duties on imported coods were required to be paid in coin in order to provide the means tonay the inter est on our bonds in coin. This clause had not only the cordial support of Secretary Chase, but of President Lincoln, and proved to be the most important financial aid of the Government devised during the war. Goods being imported upon coin values, it was but ricnt that the duty to the Govern ment should be paid in the same coin. Otherwise the duties would have been con stantly diminishing with the lessening pur chasing power of our greenbacks. If the interest of our debt had not been paid in coin we could have borrowed no money abroad, and the rate of interest instead of diminishing as it did would have been large ly increased, and the volume of our paper money would necessarily have had to be in creased and its market value ould have gone down lower and lower, and probably ended, as Confederate money did, in being as worthless as rags. This exception clause caved our public credit by making a market for our bonds, and was paid by foreigners for the privilege of entering our market. AN INCREASING-CURRENCY. As for the national banking system the second of her "conspiracies" it is now con ceded to hive been the best form of paper monev issued by banks that has ever ben devised. It was organized to take the place of the State banks, which at the be ginning of the war had outstanding over $200,000,000 of notes, of value varying from State to State, and most of it at a discount of from 5 to 2u per cent. It was absolutely necessarv to get rid of these State bank notes and to substitute in their place the notes of banks which were secured beyond doubt by the deposit of TJnitedStates bonds, a svstem so perfect that from the beginning until now r.o one has lost a dollar on the circulating notes of national banks. The system may have to give way because we are paving off our bonds, but no sensible man will ever propose in this country to go baok to the old svstem of State banks, and if some security to take the place of United States bonds can be devised for national bank notes, the system will be and ought to be perpetuated The third "conspiracy" referred to is con traction of the currency. It has been dem onstrated by official documents that from the beginning of the war to this time the volume of our currencv has been increasing j car by year more rapidly than our popula tion. In I860 the total amount of all the money in circulation was Si35,000,000, when our population was 31,000.000, and half of this was money of variable and changing value. Now we have in circulation, S,l,o00,000,000 with a population of 64,000,000 and everv dollar of this money is as good as gold, all kinds equal to each other, passing from band to hand and paid out as good money not only in the United States but among all the commercial countries of the world. Our money has increased nearly four-fold while our population has onlv doubled. The state ments made by Ma Emery about the con traction of our currency are not only mis leading, but thev are absolutely false. She states that in 1868 5473,000.000 of our monev was destroyed and in 1869 5500,000,000 of our monev" passed into a cremation furnace and in 1ST0 67.000,000 was destroyed. Now these statements are absolutely false. "What she calls money in these paragraphs was the most burdensome form of interest-bearing tecurities, treasury notes bearing 7 3-10 per cent interest, and compound interest notes. The-e were the chief and most burdensome items of the public debt. They i ere paid oft" in the years named and were never at any time for more than a single day money in circulation. "When issued they "were re ceived as money, but as interest accrued they became inestments and were not at all In circulation. PALPABLE FALSEHOODS. These statements of Mrs. Emery are pal pable falsehoods, hich if stated by a man would justifv a stronger word. It is true that in 1886 Mr. McCulloc, Secretary of the Treasury under the administration of An drew Johnson, wished to bring about re sumption by contraction, and a bill was passed providing for a gradual reduction of the greenback to 5300,000.000, but this was very soon after arrested and the green barks retained in circulation. I was not in favor of the contraction of the greenbacks and the verv speech that she quotes in which I described the effects of contraction and the difficulty of resuming was made against the bill providing lor the reduction of the greenbacks. The next "conspiracy" to which she re fers was the first-act of General Grant's ad ministration "to strengthen the public credit." A controversy had existed whether the 5-20 bonds could be paid m greenbacks. I maintained and still believe that by a fair construction of the loan laws we had a right to pay the principal of the bond" as they matured in greenbacks of the kind and character in existence when the bonds were iv-ued, but I insisted that it was the duty of the Government to define a time when the greenbacks should be either redeemed or maintained at par in coin, that this was a plain obligation of honor and duty which rested upon the United States, and that it was not honorable or right to avail ourselves of our own negligence in restoring these notes to the specie standard in order to pay the bonds in the depreciated money. This idea is embodied in the credit-strengthening act. THE FIFTH CONSPIRACY. The fifth "conspiracy" of what she calls "this infernal 6cheme" was the refunding of the national debt. This process of refunding is regarded by all intelligent statesmen as a measure of the highest value, conducted with remarkable success. At the date of the passage of the refunding act, July 14, 1870, we had outstanding bonds bearing 5 and 6 per cent interest for about $1,500, 000,000. By the wise providence of Congress we had reserved the right of redeeming a portion of this debt within five years and a portion of it within ten years, so that the debt was, in the main, then redeemable at our pleasure. It was not possible to pay it in coin and it was not honorable to pay it in greenbacks, especiallv as that could only have been done by issuing new greenbacks far beyond the volume existing during the war, and which would at onee depreciate in value and destroy the public credit and dishonor the country. "We, therefore, authorized the exchange, par for par, bonds bearing 4, 4X and 5 per cent interest for. the bonds bearing a higher rate of interest. The only contest in Congress upon the subject was whether the new bonds should run 5, 10 and 15 years, or 10, 15 and 30 years. I advo cated the shorter period, but the House of Representatives, believing that the new bonds would not sell at par unless run ning for a longer period, insisted that the 4 per cent bonds should run for 30 years. Greenbackers, like Mrs. Emery, who now complain that the bonds run so long and cannot be paid until due, are the same peo ple who insisted upon making the bonds run 30 years. It required some ten years to complete these relunding operations of which the larger part was accomplished when I was Secretary of the Treasury and they resulted iu a saving of one-third of the interest on the debt. So far from it being in the interest of the bondholders, it was to their detriment and only in the interest of the people of the United States. TIIE SILVER ISSUE. The next "conspiracy" complained of is the alleged demonetization of silver. By the act revising the coinage of 1873, the sil ver dollar, which had heen suspended by JeSerson in 1805 and practically demone tized in 1835 and suspended by minor coins in 1853, and which was issued "only in later years as a convenient form in which to ex port silver and the whole amount of which Irom the beginning of the Government to the passage of the act referred to was only 58,000,000, this sih er dollar was, upon the petition of the legislature of California and upon the motion of her Senators and by the unanimous vote of both houses of Congress, without objection from anv one, dropped from our coinage and in its place was substi tuted the trade dollar containing a few more grains of silver. A few years after ward, silver having fallen rapidly in market prices, Congress restored the coinage of the silver dollar limiting the amount to not ex ceeding 54,000,000 nor less than 52,000,000 a month, and under this law in a period of 12 years we issued over 400,000,000 silver dol lars, 50 times the amount that had been coined prior to 1873. And now nnder the existing law we are purchasing 54,000,000 ounces of silver a year; so that what she calls the demoneti zation of silver has resulted in its use in our country to an extent more than fifty-fold greater than before its demonetization. In spite of all, and growing out of the in creased supply of silver and the cheapening processes ot its production, it is going down in the market and is onlv maintained at par with gold by the fiat of the different govern ments coining it. Now-the deluded people belonging to the class of Mrs. Emery are seeting to cheapen the purcnasiug power of the dollar in the hands of the farmer and laborer by the free coinage of silver and the demonetization of gold. Silver and gold should be used and maintained as current money, but only on a par with each other, and this can only be done by treating the cheaper metal as subsidiary and coining it only as demanded for the use of the people. A PRIDE AND BOAST. The seventh "financial conspiracy" is the pride and boast of the Government of the United States, the restoration of our notes long after the war was over to the standard of coin; in other words, the resumption of specie payments. This measure, which met the violent opposition of such wild theorists as Mrs. Emery, has demonstrated its success in the judgment of all intelligent people, not only in the United States, but in all the countries of the world. There is no stand ard for paper money, except coin. The United States postponed too long the resto ration of its notes to coin standards. Since it had the courage to do this under the re sumption act, on the 1st day of January, 1879, we have had in the United States a standard of gold with coins of silver, nickel and copper maintained at that standard by the fiat of the government, and paper money in various forms, as United States notes, national bank notes, gold certificates, silver certifi cates and treasury notes all at par with gold. To call this a "conspiracy" or an "infamous plot" is a misnomen of terms which will not deceive any intelligent man, but it is rather the glory and pride of the people of the United States that it not only hasbeen able in the past 30 years to put down a great rebellion and to abolish slav ery, but to advance the credit of the United States to the highes rank among nations, to largely increase the currency of the coun try, to add enormously to any productive interests and to develop our resources of the mine, the field and the workshop to a degree unexampled in the history of nations. Intelligent people who reason and observe will not be deceived or misled by the wild fanaticism and the gloomy Srophecies of Mrs. Emery. Temporary con itions growing out of the failure of any portion of our crops will not discourage them; the exaggerations of the morbid fancy will not mislead them. A candid ex amination of the great financial measures of the last 30 years will lead the people to place what Mrs. Emery calls "the seven financial conspiracies" as the seven great, wise and statesmanlike steps which have led the people of the United States through perils and dangers rarely encountered by any nation, from a feeble confederacy with 4,010,000 slaves and discordant theories of constitutional pewer, to a great, free re public made stronger by the dangers it has passed, a model and guide for the nations of the world. As for Mrs. Emery's criticisms upon me personally, I do not even deem them worthy of answer. She repeats the old story that I was interested in the First National" Bank of New York and gave it the free use of the people's money, a plain lie, contra dicted and disproved over and over again. I never had the . slightest interest in the bank, direct or indirect, and, as the public records will show, gave it no favors, but treated it like all other depositories of pub lic money and held it to the most rigid ac countability; nor have I in any case derived the slightest pecuniary benefit from any measure either pending in or before Con gress since I havs been in public life. Very truly yours, Johx Shebmait. HER "WIDOWHOOD ENDED. A "Wife Confronted la Court by a Husband Supposed to Be Dead. OSWEGO, K". Y.. Oct, 15. SpeciaL There was a sensation in Justice Kennedy's court here to-day when John H. Gatly walked into the court house and confronted his wife, who was present, prosecuting a claim of 2,000 against the Mutual Reserve Fund Life Association, of New York. Sinoe July 21, 1890, Mrs. Gately has deported her self as a widow. Two years before that her husband left and .his whereabouts were un known to her. He carried two life insur ance policies; one for 51,200 and the other for $2,000. July 21, 1890, the body of an unknown man was found floating in the Erie canal, near jLighton's lock, Syracuse. Is was not identified, and being badly de composed, was buried. From the descrip tion, Mrs. Gately thought she recognized her husband. She got four men who were well acquainted with Gately to go to Syra cuse and examine the dead body. They identified the body positively and made'af fidavits. Mrs. Gately donned mourning and then called upon the insurance companies to set tle. One settled, but the other hunted up Gately, who had been at work in Syracuse. "When Lawyer Burnham led him to the witness stand to-day, there was the liveliest kind of sensation. Gately was immediately arrested upon a warrant charging him with having abandoned bit family. His wife js the complainant BUSK ON HUSBANDRY. The Secretary Sets Forth the Needs of American Farmers. A GLORIOUS FUTURE PREDICTED. Men Will Tet More Eagerly Prefer the Coun try to the Town. ADVICE TO THE EISING GENERATION Having long ago consented to say some thing as to the present needs of American agriculture and its future scope, I will en deavor now, in accord with recent reminders, to indicate as briefly as possible some of those needs of American agriculture which I regard as the most urgent, writes Secre tary of .Agriculture Rusk to the New York Tribune. Unquestionable, American farmers need fuller information regarding the kinds and extent of our home supplies which Ameri can agriculture, properly directed, could produce, but for which we are now depend ent upon the foreign producers. "When, a little moie than a year ago, I called atten tion to the fact that American consumers paid annually to foreign countries some $250,000,000 for products which could be, and ought to be, supplied by our own farmers, the statement was greeted on all sides with expressions of doubt, and in some cases with derision, even though I had taken pains to accompany my statement with an enumeration of the articles I re ferred to, and with the figures showing the extent of these importations. In a general way, it may be said that, with the exception of tea, coffee, and spices, al most all the agricultural products we import could be supplied by American farmers. That this has not been done up to this time, is due to a variety of causes amongst others, to the pioneer condition of agricul ture in the States and Territories so won derfully and rapidly settled during the past quarter of a century, and to the fact that, until recent years, the steady demand at remunerative prices for most of our ordin ary staple crops rendered the farmers con tent to go on in the same lines without feel ing the necessity of a wider diversification of their crops. WHAT THE FARMERS NEED. Our farmers need, next in order, the fullest and latest information in regard to the foreign demand for their surplus crops. In staple crops, this country produces a sur plus; it will probably continue to do so for a very long period to come. For the dis posal of that surplus we must depend upon the foreign demand; and the price fixed for that surplus, 'even though it bear but a small proportion to the entire supply, will affect the price of the entire crop. It is only by possessing the fullest and most reliable information in regard to the foreign supply and the foreign consumption of these products, that we can judge of the amount of surplus, which, under normal conditions, we can expect to dispose of in foreign markets at a profitable rate. "We must, however, do more than this. Our in terest in the foreign market must not be confined merely to the profitable disposal of the surplus ot our staple crops. I am satisfied that many articles could be produced in this country at a price and in quantities sufficient to supply part of the foreign demand for which we at present do not compete in any way. In many coun tries American agricultural products are comparatively unknown, notwithstanding the fact that a large proportion of the agri cultural products therein consumed are im ported and are such as could be profitably raised in this country. ONE LINE OF WOBK. It has been my earnest effort to supply the farmers of the country with accurate and reliable information regarding the sup ply of the agricultural products of the coun try and the demands of the home and foreign markets. This line of w ork is, how ever, capable of great extension. An in stance of this is furnished by the efforts now being made through a representative of this department in Europe to introduce American corn in all its various prepara tions as an article of human diet. These efforts are now being put forth with special energy, in view of the great shortage in European cereal crops, and especially in that which forms the principal part of the farinaceous foods of a great proportion of European populations, namely, rve. No man can tell how great the demand would have been to-day for the products of our Indian corn, under the present condi tions of cereal crops in Europe, had it been in the power of this department to employ for the purposes mentioned above, during the past two years, not one, but three or or four active and capable agents, or had due advantage been taken of the Exposi tion in Paris In 1889 to present the cause of "King Corn" to the people of Europe as it might and should have been presented. SOUTH AMERICAN TBADE. Another instance of the need of work sim ilar to the above is suggested by the com parative insignificance of our trade with troprical America in agricultural products. An employe of my own department, once a resident in Central Amerioa, stated not long ago, in my hearing, that every potato and every pound of butter he had consumed while in that country had been imported from Europe. That fact emphasizes strongly the opportunity which exists of building up a profitable trade for American agrionlture in these countries, and the ne cessity of ample information as to their markets, the prices agricultural commodi ties command, whence supplies are obtained, and in what form they must be offered to command a ready sale and the highest price. My conclusion is that a diversification of our agricultural products, sufficient to sup ply the home markets with every article which can be grown upon American soil is one of the pressing needs of American agri culture; and another is the supplying our farmers with the fullest information as to the demand existing in foreign countries for articles they are able to grow and as to the extent of the foreign demand, under normal conditions, for the surplus of our staple crops. DANGER OF HIGH PKICES. It is quiteevidentthat the prices of those crops ot which we now produce a surplus will vary according to the foreign demand. The importance of this will, I fear, be pain fully realized should the probable high prices of our cereal crops this year, due to an utterly abnormal condition of European crops, result in a great extension of the acreage under cereals in this country another year, when a normal crop in foreign countries would result in such an abasement of prices as would utterly wipe out the pos sibility of reasonable profit. The" present year has illustrated in a striking manner what may be accomplished in the enlargement of foreign markets for . American farm products as the result of the meat inspection laws which have been put in force during the past few months. Our pork industry is unquestionably capable of verv trreat development: but. without the ireedom oi loreign marKets, any great ex tension of this industry must simply entail a depreciation in values, which will leave noprofit to the producer. There is no country in the world where live stock can be raised more economically than the United States; and, in common with all other countries in the world, we must depend largely on live stock for the" preservation of the fertility of our lands. OUB GREAT MEAT SURPLUS. For years and years to come, however,the number of animals raised in this country will provide a meat surplus; and that meat surplus must be disposed of abroad. If we can command for it a steady and profitable market, the price of all that is consumed at home will be maintained at a figure allow ing reasonable profit to the producer. As has been shown so strikingly in the results of our meat inspection law, one of the conditions essential to our finding a for eign market for the surplus of our food products, especially meats and other ani mal products, is purity and wholesomeness. Our competition abroad is not confined to the natural competition of goods offered for sale from other countries, but, in part, grows out of local jealousies and antagon ism, which seek every opportunity to create prejudice in the minds ofconsumers against American products. The only way for us to fight this spirit successfully is the giving to our American products a character and guarantee of absolute purity and healthful ness. There is no doubt that, in the matter of our dairy products, a serious injury has been done to our export trade by reason of the frequent export of inferior goods, and even ot goods containing foreign and some times deleterious substances. As it is, a large part of our foreign tiade in dairy pro ducts has been taken from us, and has gone t5 swell that of other countries. TO RECOVER LOST GROUND. To recover our lost ground in this respect fully will be a matter of time and vigilance, but the prospects justify the effort. Even in the matter of form and size of package, we must learn what will best suit the for eign consumer. It is well understood that butter should, in all cases, be put up orig inally in the package in which it will be sold eventually, thus avoiding the necessity of rehandling. All these are little things, hut it is by close attention to these little things that farming can alone be made profitable. "We must in all things seek to cater to the tastes ofconsumers, whether at home or abroad, and it is of the first conse quence that in foreign countries the name "American" should be synonymous with honesty and healthfulness. Among other needs of American agricult ure which I regard as urgent is a thorough and systematic inquiry into the soil, cli matic and market conditions of all portions of our country,, to the end that we may thoroughly understand to what special crops or particular line of agriculture each section is best adapted, and what products will, in each section, reward the farmer as being the most readily and profitably disposed of. 'We must understand what methods of cultiva tion are best adapted to the several locali ties, with a view to combining successful production with economy. OTHER THINGS NECESSARY. Other conditions, urgently needed for the full fruition of my anticipations as to the future of American agriculture undoubted ly exist, many of which must necessarily depend somewhat upon the natural growth of the country and the various changes, especially in regard to questions of labor and capital, which such a growth must in evitably bring about. For instance, rela tively to the profits of agriculture, farm labor is far more costly than in many other industries. The remedy in this particular, however, cannot be forced, and must await, necessarily, the change in conditions which will attend the general progress oi the country- Somewhat analogous in its condition to this question of labor is that of capital. At present it is thought that of all industrial occupations agriculture offers the least in ducement to the investment of capital. The principle remedy for this state of things we must necessarily look for in the general tendency of an abatement in the profits of speculation which time will bring about. In course of time in this country, as in other and older countries, capital will be more and more disposed to seek security rather than a high rate of interest. As our population iucreases, the amount of cultiva ble lands necessarily remaining stationary, the ownership of land will naturally be more greatly desired. LAND VALUES WILL RISE. As everybody now has come to under stand fully, it will not be a great many years before all land available for agricultu ral purposes without special preparation in volving a very considerable expense will he in the hands nf private owners. Just as soon as that per 1 is reached, we may look for a considerab rise in the value of land throughout the country, this being accom panied, as I opine it will, by a restriction of the many opportunities which now exist for the employment of capital in various ways aflording'a comparatively high rate of interest. The attention of capitalists will then be directed more and more to the possibilities of agriculture, which, though affording a comparatively low rate of interest on the money invested, will at the same time, af ford, in the ownership of land and its stead ily increasing value, an element of security as well as of ultimately increased value of the original investment. These conditions will undoubtedly also be accompanied by many others in the natural development of the country, such as the extension to country districts of ad vantages and facilities now difficult to ob tain outside of our towns and cities, which will remove many of the objections which now exist in the minds of many persons to residence in the country. PROFITS Or AGRICULTURE. It is from such convictions as these that I am led to call the attention of our American youth to agriculture as one of the industries most worthy of their attention in consider ing their future career. I say unhesitat ingly that the young men of "our country who will bring to agriculture the education and intelligence, the industry and persever ance essential to success in every career, whether mercantile, industrial or pro fessional, will, in the course of the next 20 years attain a far greater degree of material well-being on the average than awaits them in any other calling. I believe that 20 years from now the now almost universal desire of youth resident in the country to abandon it for the city will be reversed, and that numbers of those brought up and trained in city life will look forward to life in the country as the most desirable, uniting the prospect of ample competence with independence, health and enjoyment. HOKSFORD'S ACID PHOSPHATE; For Indigestion, Dyspepsia, and diseases Incident thereto. SEE BLAINE Before Ton Bay a Lot. Employment here for workers, business for merchants and tradesmen and large profits for investors. Do not be carried away by large advertisements and glowing promises. Blaine is on the navigable river, in the valley of great factories and success ful towns, and her immense safe works, now Bearing completion, will give employment to more men than 20 establishments such as are claimed by competing "manufacturing" towns. Blaine extends an invitation to everyone to visit and investigate her site and resources. Call for free tickets at 129 Fourth avenue. The Blaine Land Improvement Co.- Grand millinery Opening. Onr opening of September having been delayed by fire, we have taken advantage of the interval to secure the.very latest nov elties in French pattern hats, etc., etc., and will display same on Thursday and Friday, October 15-16. Tours respectfully, E. S. Giles, 92, 94, 96 Federal street, Allegheny, and C6-Sixth street, Pittsburg. A Good Suggestion. If you have valuables keep them where they will be safe. The safe deposit vaults of the Farmers' Deposit National Bank, 66 Fourth avenue, offer you security, strong vaults, perfect ventilation, good light, spa cious coupon rooms, separate apartments for women. Boxes rented at ?5 and up ward. MOT New Fall and Winter Dress Goods. Elegant and carefully selected stock of camel's hair plaids, Bedford cords, serges, henriettas, cashmeres, cloths, French em broidered robes, to which the attention of close buyers and Exposition visitors is especially called. H. J. Lynch, 438-440 Market street tuwfsu Fine neckwear. See our display. James H. Aiken & Co., 100 Fifth ave. For Office Furniture, Go to the Henry Auction Company, 24 and 26 Ninth street PIKE'S PEAK BY BAIL. Scaling America's Celebrated Mount ain by the Aid of Steam. THE SCENERY ALONG THE RUUTE. Unsuccessful Efforts of Its Namesake Climb the Elevation. to THE PERILOUS PIONEER TRAIL rcdKHESFONDESCE OP THE DISPATCH.! Colorado Springs, Col., Oct. 12. Being compelled by failing health to seek a more congenial climate, 1 left the "City of Gas" on June 1, for this invigorating atmosphere. Having located myself here at the Springs, in a few months I have re gained my health sufficiently to enable me to take that most desirable trip to "Pike's Peak." The fame of this lofty mountain is world wide. Fearless and erect it stands, as if in its mighty strength to bid us all defiance, pushing its snow-covered summit far above the clouds, now light and bright in the daz zling sunshine,again dark and ominous from the breeding storm. Tip from the surround ing foothills it rises, the unseathed warrior of many a fierce battle with the elements, the silent but ever watchful sentinel of the wide spreading plains. At the dizzy height of an altitude 14,147 feet above the 'level of the sea, tired nature finished her ponderous task and left as the result of her labors an everlasting monument. Major Zebulon Pike once said, "No hu man being could ascend to that summit," but late in the fall of 1806 he and his small party made strenuous efforts to reach the top of "The Great Snow Mountain." MAJOR PIKE GIVES IT UP. After many weary miles of climbing, hampered by the chilling blasts of an early winter and delayed by the depth of the fast falling snow, they finally reached the sum mit of what is now known as Cheyenne Mountain. The outlook from this point was so discouraging that Pike positively refused to risk his men farther, so further efforts were abandoned. Such was the first-known attempt to scale the lofty heights of the now celebrated mountain which, although that intrepid explorer never set foot even at its base, ever afterward took his name. The fleecy snow of 40 winters or more were driven against the hardy face of old Pike's Peak before another good description of this mountain was given to the world. George F. Buxton in 1847 pitched his lone ly tent on the banks of that rabjld little mountain stream, Fontaine qui bouille. It was the intention of this doughty sports man to try to ascend the moutnain, but be fore he undertook the task he had to flee for his life from the Indians, who came there to partake of the health-giving mineral waters. In honor of the memory of this man a park in that section now bears his name. It was along in the fifties that the first trail was made almost to the top, but it was a very dangerous one, and not many people undertook the task of following it. In 1871, 1873 and 1877 three other trails were made. but in 1889 a carriage road was built, whioh is a very pleasant way of ascending the mountain, but it takes at least a day to make the trip, and sometimes longer. THE MOUNTAIN BAITjWAY FINISHED. The 20th of October, 1890, is a memorable day in the history of Pike's Peak. On that day the golden spike was set that completed the highest railroad in the world, and the finishing stroke was made that assured to the tourist a safe, easy and speedy transit to the tiptop pinnacle of the most celebrated mountain on this hemisphere. Such was the victory gained over the mighty works of nature,"and to the untiring efforts of a zealous few must be ascribed the credit of the conquest. In two respects only does the Manitou and Pike's Peak road differ from the ordinary railway. The first and greater of these is the very heavy grade that in a few feet short of nine miles makes an elevation of 7,525 feet, and the other is the system of rack rails, that forms a contin uous track upon which the 90 cogs of the locomotive operate. The exact length of the road is 46,992 feet, and the average elevation overcome 844.4 feet to the mile, making an average grade of 16 per cent. The maximum grade is 23 per cent The locomotives weigh about 28 tons apiece when loaded; are of 200 horse" power and have no tenders. They are de signed to push the trains when going up the mountain and precede them on the descent, thus having perfect control of the coaches. While the cars are not coupled to the en gine, they can, if desired, be let down inde pendently of the locomotive. In company with friends I took a front seat in the coach, wondering what nature had for me to see. A SLOW AND SAFE TRIP. At last we start, not at a rapid gait, but one in which a person could easily jump off or on the car at any time during the ascent, forit takes two hours and 20 minutes to go up and one hour and a half to return. First we pass the Shady springs, and at this point is where the Gog and Magog look down upon the passenger. Now we enter the Grand Pass, where for 2,000 feet the puffing engine pushes us up one of the longest and steepest inclines of the whole grade. On we go, passing Echo Falls, Hanging Bock, ArtiBt's Glen and Sheltered Falls. Again, the musical sound of fast falling water is heard. A little way farther we come into view of the beautiful Minnehaha Falls, one of the prettiest sights on the road. Still up, up we climb, passing the Half "Way House, going through the nar row walls of Hell Gate, and soon we are at Buxton Park. Here for two and one-quarter miles a comparatively level stretch is to be seen, covered with beautiful groves of pine and aspen. A little farther on "Baldy" (Bald Mountain) elevates itself, and at our left is the castle-shaped Sheep Bock, while just beyond is Lion's gulch, where we got the first grand view of the majestic proportions of historical old Pike's Peak, the father of mountains. A steeperincline is soon below us. On, on we go. Now we are at timber line, 11,625 feet above sea level. A sharp turn is made and we have passed "Windy Point and are fast climbing into "the Sad dle." From this point a good view of Man itou and the Garden of the Gods, lying far below, may do nad. REACHING THE SUMMIT. But we must not stop here; 7,500 feet more and we have reached the upper ter minal, the old Government signal station, and the long talked of summit of hardy old Pike's Peak. It was on one of Colorado's "best" days when we were there and with the aid of the glass we could see Denver1 on the north, 75 miles away; on the east the broad buffalo plains of Colorado; on the south, Pueblo and the Spanish Peaks, and on the west the snow-mantled peaks of the Bocky range, vc were on the summit for 30 minutes, walking around over the rugged rocks, and did not experience any disagreeable feeling with the exception of being a little "light headed." The prices there at the lunch counter correspond with the high altitude. Our return journey was made with much pleasure. The fare is $5 for the round trip, and the railroad carried, during the season. upward of 9,000 persons. The road is closed now on account of the deep snow, and will not open until June or July of next year. "W. H. S. Gratifying io All. The high position attained and the uni versal acceptance and approval of the pleas ant liquid fiuit remedy Syrup of Tigs, as the most excellent laxative known, illns trato the value of the qualities on which its success Is based and are abundantly gratl fyinK to the California Fig Syrup Company. Hundreds or New Jackets Just opened. Also beautiful long capes and cape newmarkets at interesting prices. Compare at Bosenbaum & Co.'s. wr NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. CLOTHING ! Go search the world from pole to pole, And scan the planets as they roll In grandeur through the realms of space And you will never find a place, Where Clothing just as good and nice As ours sells at such a price. The man who lives up in the moon, Will tell you, and that very soon, There's no such bargains in the skies As those we daily advertise. Anyone who has looked at our stock of FALL CLOTHING will make the same statement as the man in the moon. We have the best assortment of Men's Suits, $8, $10, $12 to $30, Overcoats, $10, $12, $15 to $40, Boys' Suits, $5, $8, $10 to $20, Children's Suits, $2, $4, $5 to $15. Children's and Boys' Overcoats. IT 15 F C I ITDlTfl n our Boys and Children's Department with lllL.iL ! i fltt every 55 purchase goes FREE the greatest novelty of the age THE MUSICAL BELL TOY. EISNER & TTIDTIOICT CLOTIECIITG- HOUSE, COR. FIFTH AVE..AM) WOOD ST. "Twelve little "Brownies? faithful and true, Working for Laird, who sells-a good shoe." $2 .18a Pair$2.18 Onlv EVERY PAIR WORTH FOUR DOLLARS! All Perfect and Warranted. Ladies' elegant Dongola Kid Button Boots; also, fine cloth tops and patent leather, finely made, silk stitched. Silk or kid top facings. Silk worked button holes, reinforced. Common Sense, Opera, New York or Philadelphia lasts. Patent leather tips or plain toes. Light, flexible and heavy soles. Very latest styles. Perfect fitting, all sizes and all widths. If you think of buying a pair or more this week or later, at any price from $2 to 5 a pair, look at this lot first. They are truly a bargain every pair and cannot be duplicated at the price. Remember. $2,18 a Pair. They're Well Worth S4 a Parr. Gents' fine Wescott Calf, Lace or Congress, seamless silk stitched; wide or narrow toes, tipped or plain; fine dongola kid tops; best inside trim mings and custom finish; fine Hght single soles for dress or special wear, and medium or heavy soles for business, professional or any service that may be required. This is the finest, most tasty and perfect lot of gents' fine shoes we have ever offered for the money. See them promptly; theywill move off quickly. Remember, $2,18 a Pair. This Week Closes Them Out WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. LAIRD'S SHOE STORES 406, 408 and 10 J BARGAINS 1 433 Wood St Market St. iBOTH STORES J Entire New Stock. WHOLESALE STORE 515 HATS! Don't wear a shabby hat when-you-can buy a new one of us for a small sum. We have all sorts, sizes, shapes, as well as all the grades the people use. We have the silk hats for dress, derbys for business, slouches for rougher wear, and caps for any service. I he manufacturers have to nusue to nil our oraers, as we supyiy an immense trade. Drop in and take a look at the new browns that are all the rage for fall wear. The Dunlap, Yotrraan, Miller shapes at $1.50, fU.75, $1.90, 2.00, 2.50, $2.90. PHILLIPS, oeltSUwr -GUI. WOOD ST. ocsoll-inmu c , ia&rttls
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers