&
12
THE PECTSBTJR& DISPATCH, FRIDAY. OCTOBER 16, N189L
ASSWER OF SHEBMAS
To a Hadical Woman Writer TYho
Has Issued a Pamphlet Charging
SEYEX FINANCIAL CONSPIRACIES.
The Acts She Condemns Were All for the
Country's Benefit.
ASSERTIONS TIIAT ARE TEOTES FALSE
Colitsibus, Oct. 15. The following let
ter, written by Senator Sherman, has been
made public:
Mansfield, O., Oct 12, 1891.
ilr. Charles F. Stoker. Canton, O.:
My Dear Sin Tours of the 8th, accom
panied by Mrs. S. E. V. Emery's pamphlet
called "Seven Financial Conspiracies "Which
Have Enslaved the American People," is
received.
Some time since this wild and visionary
book was sent to rae, and I rcatl it with both
amusement and astonishment that anyone
could read it w ith approval or be deceived
by its falsehoods.
The "seven financial conspiracies" are the
seven great pillars of our financial credit,
the even great financial measures by which
the Government was saved from the perils
of war and by which the United States has
become the most flourishing and prosperous
nation in the world.
The firt chapter attributes the civil war
to an infamous plot of capitalists to absorb
the wealth of the country nt the expense of
the people, when all the world knows that
the civil war was organized by slaveholders
to destroy the National Government and to
et up a slaveholding confederacy in the
South upon it? ruins. The "Shylock" de
scribed bv Mrs. Emerv is 3 phantom of her
imaginatio- The "Shylocks of the war"
were the men who furnished the means to
carry on the Goi ernment and to put down
the rebellion, and included in their number
the most patriotic citizens of the Northern
States, who, uniting their means with the
services and sacrifices of our soldiers, put
down the rebellion, abolished slavery, and
preserved and strengthened our Govern
ment. THE FIRST CONSPIRACY.
The firft of her "conspiracies" she calls
the exception clause in the act of February
25, 1802, by which the duties on imported
coods were required to be paid in coin in
order to provide the means tonay the inter
est on our bonds in coin. This clause had
not only the cordial support of Secretary
Chase, but of President Lincoln, and proved
to be the most important financial aid of
the Government devised during the war.
Goods being imported upon coin values, it
was but ricnt that the duty to the Govern
ment should be paid in the same coin.
Otherwise the duties would have been con
stantly diminishing with the lessening pur
chasing power of our greenbacks. If the
interest of our debt had not been paid in
coin we could have borrowed no money
abroad, and the rate of interest instead of
diminishing as it did would have been large
ly increased, and the volume of our paper
money would necessarily have had to be in
creased and its market value ould have
gone down lower and lower, and probably
ended, as Confederate money did, in being
as worthless as rags. This exception clause
caved our public credit by making a market
for our bonds, and was paid by foreigners
for the privilege of entering our market.
AN INCREASING-CURRENCY.
As for the national banking system the
second of her "conspiracies" it is now con
ceded to hive been the best form of paper
monev issued by banks that has ever
ben devised. It was organized to take the
place of the State banks, which at the be
ginning of the war had outstanding over
$200,000,000 of notes, of value varying from
State to State, and most of it at a discount
of from 5 to 2u per cent. It was absolutely
necessarv to get rid of these State bank
notes and to substitute in their place the
notes of banks which were secured beyond
doubt by the deposit of TJnitedStates bonds,
a svstem so perfect that from the beginning
until now r.o one has lost a dollar on the
circulating notes of national banks. The
system may have to give way because we
are paving off our bonds, but no sensible
man will ever propose in this country to go
baok to the old svstem of State banks, and
if some security to take the place of United
States bonds can be devised for national
bank notes, the system will be and ought to
be perpetuated
The third "conspiracy" referred to is con
traction of the currency. It has been dem
onstrated by official documents that from
the beginning of the war to this time the
volume of our currencv has been increasing
j car by year more rapidly than our popula
tion. In I860 the total amount of all the money
in circulation was Si35,000,000, when our
population was 31,000.000, and half of this
was money of variable and changing value.
Now we have in circulation, S,l,o00,000,000
with a population of 64,000,000 and everv
dollar of this money is as good as gold, all
kinds equal to each other, passing from
band to hand and paid out as good money
not only in the United States but among all
the commercial countries of the world. Our
money has increased nearly four-fold while
our population has onlv doubled. The state
ments made by Ma Emery about the con
traction of our currency are not only mis
leading, but thev are absolutely false. She
states that in 1868 5473,000.000 of our monev
was destroyed and in 1869 5500,000,000 of
our monev" passed into a cremation furnace
and in 1ST0 67.000,000 was destroyed. Now
these statements are absolutely false. "What
she calls money in these paragraphs was the
most burdensome form of interest-bearing
tecurities, treasury notes bearing 7 3-10 per
cent interest, and compound interest notes.
The-e were the chief and most burdensome
items of the public debt. They i ere paid
oft" in the years named and were never at
any time for more than a single day money
in circulation. "When issued they "were re
ceived as money, but as interest accrued
they became inestments and were not at
all In circulation.
PALPABLE FALSEHOODS.
These statements of Mrs. Emery are pal
pable falsehoods, hich if stated by a man
would justifv a stronger word. It is true
that in 1886 Mr. McCulloc, Secretary of the
Treasury under the administration of An
drew Johnson, wished to bring about re
sumption by contraction, and a bill was
passed providing for a gradual reduction of
the greenback to 5300,000.000, but this was
very soon after arrested and the green
barks retained in circulation. I was not in
favor of the contraction of the greenbacks
and the verv speech that she quotes in
which I described the effects of contraction
and the difficulty of resuming was made
against the bill providing lor the reduction
of the greenbacks.
The next "conspiracy" to which she re
fers was the first-act of General Grant's ad
ministration "to strengthen the public
credit." A controversy had existed whether
the 5-20 bonds could be paid m greenbacks.
I maintained and still believe that by a fair
construction of the loan laws we had a right
to pay the principal of the bond" as they
matured in greenbacks of the kind and
character in existence when the bonds were
iv-ued, but I insisted that it was the duty
of the Government to define a time when
the greenbacks should be either redeemed
or maintained at par in coin, that this was
a plain obligation of honor and duty which
rested upon the United States, and that it
was not honorable or right to avail ourselves
of our own negligence in restoring these
notes to the specie standard in order to pay
the bonds in the depreciated money. This
idea is embodied in the credit-strengthening
act.
THE FIFTH CONSPIRACY.
The fifth "conspiracy" of what she calls
"this infernal 6cheme" was the refunding of
the national debt. This process of refunding
is regarded by all intelligent statesmen as a
measure of the highest value, conducted
with remarkable success. At the date of
the passage of the refunding act, July 14,
1870, we had outstanding bonds bearing 5
and 6 per cent interest for about $1,500,
000,000. By the wise providence of Congress
we had reserved the right of redeeming a
portion of this debt within five years and a
portion of it within ten years, so that the
debt was, in the main, then redeemable at
our pleasure. It was not possible to pay it
in coin and it was not honorable to pay it in
greenbacks, especiallv as that could only
have been done by issuing new greenbacks far
beyond the volume existing during the war,
and which would at onee depreciate in value
and destroy the public credit and dishonor
the country. "We, therefore, authorized
the exchange, par for par, bonds bearing 4,
4X and 5 per cent interest for. the bonds
bearing a higher rate of interest. The only
contest in Congress upon the subject was
whether the new bonds should run 5, 10 and
15 years, or 10, 15 and 30 years. I advo
cated the shorter period, but the House of
Representatives, believing that the new
bonds would not sell at par unless run
ning for a longer period, insisted that the
4 per cent bonds should run for 30 years.
Greenbackers, like Mrs. Emery, who now
complain that the bonds run so long and
cannot be paid until due, are the same peo
ple who insisted upon making the bonds
run 30 years. It required some ten years to
complete these relunding operations of
which the larger part was accomplished
when I was Secretary of the Treasury and
they resulted iu a saving of one-third of the
interest on the debt. So far from it being
in the interest of the bondholders, it was to
their detriment and only in the interest of
the people of the United States.
TIIE SILVER ISSUE.
The next "conspiracy" complained of is
the alleged demonetization of silver. By
the act revising the coinage of 1873, the sil
ver dollar, which had heen suspended by
JeSerson in 1805 and practically demone
tized in 1835 and suspended by minor coins
in 1853, and which was issued "only in later
years as a convenient form in which to ex
port silver and the whole amount of which
Irom the beginning of the Government to
the passage of the act referred to was only
58,000,000, this sih er dollar was, upon the
petition of the legislature of California and
upon the motion of her Senators and by the
unanimous vote of both houses of Congress,
without objection from anv one, dropped
from our coinage and in its place was substi
tuted the trade dollar containing a few
more grains of silver. A few years after
ward, silver having fallen rapidly in market
prices, Congress restored the coinage of the
silver dollar limiting the amount to not ex
ceeding 54,000,000 nor less than 52,000,000 a
month, and under this law in a period of 12
years we issued over 400,000,000 silver dol
lars, 50 times the amount that had been
coined prior to 1873.
And now nnder the existing law we are
purchasing 54,000,000 ounces of silver a
year; so that what she calls the demoneti
zation of silver has resulted in its use in
our country to an extent more than fifty-fold
greater than before its demonetization. In
spite of all, and growing out of the in
creased supply of silver and the cheapening
processes ot its production, it is going down
in the market and is onlv maintained at par
with gold by the fiat of the different govern
ments coining it. Now-the deluded people
belonging to the class of Mrs. Emery are
seeting to cheapen the purcnasiug power
of the dollar in the hands of the farmer and
laborer by the free coinage of silver and the
demonetization of gold. Silver and gold
should be used and maintained as current
money, but only on a par with each other,
and this can only be done by treating the
cheaper metal as subsidiary and coining it
only as demanded for the use of the people.
A PRIDE AND BOAST.
The seventh "financial conspiracy" is the
pride and boast of the Government of the
United States, the restoration of our notes
long after the war was over to the standard
of coin; in other words, the resumption of
specie payments. This measure, which met
the violent opposition of such wild theorists
as Mrs. Emery, has demonstrated its success
in the judgment of all intelligent people,
not only in the United States, but in all the
countries of the world. There is no stand
ard for paper money, except coin. The
United States postponed too long the resto
ration of its notes to coin standards. Since
it had the courage to do this under the re
sumption act, on the 1st day of January,
1879, we have had in the United States a
standard of gold with coins of silver,
nickel and copper maintained at
that standard by the fiat of the
government, and paper money in various
forms, as United States notes, national
bank notes, gold certificates, silver certifi
cates and treasury notes all at par with
gold. To call this a "conspiracy" or an
"infamous plot" is a misnomen of terms
which will not deceive any intelligent man,
but it is rather the glory and pride of the
people of the United States that it not only
hasbeen able in the past 30 years to put
down a great rebellion and to abolish slav
ery, but to advance the credit of the United
States to the highes rank among nations,
to largely increase the currency of the coun
try, to add enormously to any productive
interests and to develop our resources of
the mine, the field and the workshop to
a degree unexampled in the history
of nations. Intelligent people who reason
and observe will not be deceived or misled
by the wild fanaticism and the gloomy
Srophecies of Mrs. Emery. Temporary con
itions growing out of the failure of any
portion of our crops will not discourage
them; the exaggerations of the morbid
fancy will not mislead them. A candid ex
amination of the great financial measures of
the last 30 years will lead the people to
place what Mrs. Emery calls "the seven
financial conspiracies" as the seven great,
wise and statesmanlike steps which have
led the people of the United States through
perils and dangers rarely encountered by
any nation, from a feeble confederacy with
4,010,000 slaves and discordant theories of
constitutional pewer, to a great, free re
public made stronger by the dangers it has
passed, a model and guide for the nations of
the world.
As for Mrs. Emery's criticisms upon me
personally, I do not even deem them worthy
of answer. She repeats the old story that
I was interested in the First National" Bank
of New York and gave it the free use of
the people's money, a plain lie, contra
dicted and disproved over and over again.
I never had the . slightest interest in the
bank, direct or indirect, and, as the public
records will show, gave it no favors, but
treated it like all other depositories of pub
lic money and held it to the most rigid ac
countability; nor have I in any case derived
the slightest pecuniary benefit from any
measure either pending in or before Con
gress since I havs been in public life. Very
truly yours, Johx Shebmait.
HER "WIDOWHOOD ENDED.
A "Wife Confronted la Court by a Husband
Supposed to Be Dead.
OSWEGO, K". Y.. Oct, 15. SpeciaL
There was a sensation in Justice Kennedy's
court here to-day when John H. Gatly
walked into the court house and confronted
his wife, who was present, prosecuting a
claim of 2,000 against the Mutual Reserve
Fund Life Association, of New York. Sinoe
July 21, 1890, Mrs. Gately has deported her
self as a widow. Two years before that her
husband left and .his whereabouts were un
known to her. He carried two life insur
ance policies; one for 51,200 and the other
for $2,000. July 21, 1890, the body of an
unknown man was found floating in the
Erie canal, near jLighton's lock, Syracuse.
Is was not identified, and being badly de
composed, was buried. From the descrip
tion, Mrs. Gately thought she recognized
her husband. She got four men who were
well acquainted with Gately to go to Syra
cuse and examine the dead body. They
identified the body positively and made'af
fidavits. Mrs. Gately donned mourning and then
called upon the insurance companies to set
tle. One settled, but the other hunted up
Gately, who had been at work in Syracuse.
"When Lawyer Burnham led him to the
witness stand to-day, there was the liveliest
kind of sensation. Gately was immediately
arrested upon a warrant charging him with
having abandoned bit family. His wife js
the complainant
BUSK ON HUSBANDRY.
The Secretary Sets Forth the Needs
of American Farmers.
A GLORIOUS FUTURE PREDICTED.
Men Will Tet More Eagerly Prefer the Coun
try to the Town.
ADVICE TO THE EISING GENERATION
Having long ago consented to say some
thing as to the present needs of American
agriculture and its future scope, I will en
deavor now, in accord with recent reminders,
to indicate as briefly as possible some of
those needs of American agriculture which
I regard as the most urgent, writes Secre
tary of .Agriculture Rusk to the New York
Tribune.
Unquestionable, American farmers need
fuller information regarding the kinds and
extent of our home supplies which Ameri
can agriculture, properly directed, could
produce, but for which we are now depend
ent upon the foreign producers. "When, a
little moie than a year ago, I called atten
tion to the fact that American consumers
paid annually to foreign countries some
$250,000,000 for products which could be,
and ought to be, supplied by our own
farmers, the statement was greeted on all
sides with expressions of doubt, and in
some cases with derision, even though I had
taken pains to accompany my statement
with an enumeration of the articles I re
ferred to, and with the figures showing the
extent of these importations.
In a general way, it may be said that, with
the exception of tea, coffee, and spices, al
most all the agricultural products we import
could be supplied by American farmers.
That this has not been done up to this time,
is due to a variety of causes amongst
others, to the pioneer condition of agricul
ture in the States and Territories so won
derfully and rapidly settled during the past
quarter of a century, and to the fact that,
until recent years, the steady demand at
remunerative prices for most of our ordin
ary staple crops rendered the farmers con
tent to go on in the same lines without feel
ing the necessity of a wider diversification
of their crops.
WHAT THE FARMERS NEED.
Our farmers need, next in order, the
fullest and latest information in regard to
the foreign demand for their surplus crops.
In staple crops, this country produces a sur
plus; it will probably continue to do so for
a very long period to come. For the dis
posal of that surplus we must depend upon
the foreign demand; and the price fixed for
that surplus, 'even though it bear but a
small proportion to the entire supply, will
affect the price of the entire crop.
It is only by possessing the fullest and
most reliable information in regard to the
foreign supply and the foreign consumption
of these products, that we can judge of the
amount of surplus, which, under normal
conditions, we can expect to dispose of in
foreign markets at a profitable rate. "We
must, however, do more than this. Our in
terest in the foreign market must not be
confined merely to the profitable disposal of
the surplus ot our staple crops.
I am satisfied that many articles could be
produced in this country at a price and in
quantities sufficient to supply part of the
foreign demand for which we at present do
not compete in any way. In many coun
tries American agricultural products are
comparatively unknown, notwithstanding
the fact that a large proportion of the agri
cultural products therein consumed are im
ported and are such as could be profitably
raised in this country.
ONE LINE OF WOBK.
It has been my earnest effort to supply
the farmers of the country with accurate
and reliable information regarding the sup
ply of the agricultural products of the coun
try and the demands of the home and
foreign markets. This line of w ork is, how
ever, capable of great extension. An in
stance of this is furnished by the efforts
now being made through a representative of
this department in Europe to introduce
American corn in all its various prepara
tions as an article of human diet. These
efforts are now being put forth with special
energy, in view of the great shortage in
European cereal crops, and especially in
that which forms the principal part of the
farinaceous foods of a great proportion of
European populations, namely, rve.
No man can tell how great the demand
would have been to-day for the products of
our Indian corn, under the present condi
tions of cereal crops in Europe, had it been
in the power of this department to employ
for the purposes mentioned above, during
the past two years, not one, but three or
or four active and capable agents, or had
due advantage been taken of the Exposi
tion in Paris In 1889 to present the cause of
"King Corn" to the people of Europe as it
might and should have been presented.
SOUTH AMERICAN TBADE.
Another instance of the need of work sim
ilar to the above is suggested by the com
parative insignificance of our trade with
troprical America in agricultural products.
An employe of my own department, once a
resident in Central Amerioa, stated not long
ago, in my hearing, that every potato and
every pound of butter he had consumed
while in that country had been imported
from Europe. That fact emphasizes
strongly the opportunity which exists of
building up a profitable trade for American
agrionlture in these countries, and the ne
cessity of ample information as to their
markets, the prices agricultural commodi
ties command, whence supplies are obtained,
and in what form they must be offered to
command a ready sale and the highest price.
My conclusion is that a diversification of
our agricultural products, sufficient to sup
ply the home markets with every article
which can be grown upon American soil is
one of the pressing needs of American agri
culture; and another is the supplying our
farmers with the fullest information as to
the demand existing in foreign countries for
articles they are able to grow and as to the
extent of the foreign demand, under normal
conditions, for the surplus of our staple
crops.
DANGER OF HIGH PKICES.
It is quiteevidentthat the prices of those
crops ot which we now produce a surplus
will vary according to the foreign demand.
The importance of this will, I fear, be pain
fully realized should the probable high
prices of our cereal crops this year, due to
an utterly abnormal condition of European
crops, result in a great extension of the
acreage under cereals in this country
another year, when a normal crop in foreign
countries would result in such an abasement
of prices as would utterly wipe out the pos
sibility of reasonable profit.
The" present year has illustrated in a
striking manner what may be accomplished
in the enlargement of foreign markets for .
American farm products as the result of the
meat inspection laws which have been put
in force during the past few months. Our
pork industry is unquestionably capable of
verv trreat development: but. without the
ireedom oi loreign marKets, any great ex
tension of this industry must simply entail
a depreciation in values, which will leave
noprofit to the producer.
There is no country in the world where
live stock can be raised more economically
than the United States; and, in common
with all other countries in the world, we
must depend largely on live stock for the"
preservation of the fertility of our lands.
OUB GREAT MEAT SURPLUS.
For years and years to come, however,the
number of animals raised in this country
will provide a meat surplus; and that meat
surplus must be disposed of abroad. If we
can command for it a steady and profitable
market, the price of all that is consumed at
home will be maintained at a figure allow
ing reasonable profit to the producer.
As has been shown so strikingly in the
results of our meat inspection law, one of
the conditions essential to our finding a for
eign market for the surplus of our food
products, especially meats and other ani
mal products, is purity and wholesomeness.
Our competition abroad is not confined to
the natural competition of goods offered for
sale from other countries, but, in part,
grows out of local jealousies and antagon
ism, which seek every opportunity to create
prejudice in the minds ofconsumers against
American products. The only way for us
to fight this spirit successfully is the giving
to our American products a character and
guarantee of absolute purity and healthful
ness. There is no doubt that, in the matter of
our dairy products, a serious injury has
been done to our export trade by reason of
the frequent export of inferior goods, and
even ot goods containing foreign and some
times deleterious substances. As it is, a
large part of our foreign tiade in dairy pro
ducts has been taken from us, and has gone
t5 swell that of other countries.
TO RECOVER LOST GROUND.
To recover our lost ground in this respect
fully will be a matter of time and vigilance,
but the prospects justify the effort. Even
in the matter of form and size of package,
we must learn what will best suit the for
eign consumer. It is well understood that
butter should, in all cases, be put up orig
inally in the package in which it will be
sold eventually, thus avoiding the necessity
of rehandling. All these are little things,
hut it is by close attention to these little
things that farming can alone be made
profitable. "We must in all things seek to
cater to the tastes ofconsumers, whether at
home or abroad, and it is of the first conse
quence that in foreign countries the name
"American" should be synonymous with
honesty and healthfulness.
Among other needs of American agricult
ure which I regard as urgent is a thorough
and systematic inquiry into the soil, cli
matic and market conditions of all portions
of our country,, to the end that we may
thoroughly understand to what special crops
or particular line of agriculture each section
is best adapted, and what products will, in
each section, reward the farmer as being the
most readily and profitably disposed of. 'We
must understand what methods of cultiva
tion are best adapted to the several locali
ties, with a view to combining successful
production with economy.
OTHER THINGS NECESSARY.
Other conditions, urgently needed for the
full fruition of my anticipations as to the
future of American agriculture undoubted
ly exist, many of which must necessarily
depend somewhat upon the natural growth
of the country and the various changes,
especially in regard to questions of labor
and capital, which such a growth must in
evitably bring about. For instance, rela
tively to the profits of agriculture, farm
labor is far more costly than in many other
industries. The remedy in this particular,
however, cannot be forced, and must await,
necessarily, the change in conditions which
will attend the general progress oi the country-
Somewhat analogous in its condition to
this question of labor is that of capital. At
present it is thought that of all industrial
occupations agriculture offers the least in
ducement to the investment of capital. The
principle remedy for this state of things we
must necessarily look for in the general
tendency of an abatement in the profits of
speculation which time will bring about.
In course of time in this country, as in
other and older countries, capital will be
more and more disposed to seek security
rather than a high rate of interest. As our
population iucreases, the amount of cultiva
ble lands necessarily remaining stationary,
the ownership of land will naturally be
more greatly desired.
LAND VALUES WILL RISE.
As everybody now has come to under
stand fully, it will not be a great many
years before all land available for agricultu
ral purposes without special preparation in
volving a very considerable expense will
he in the hands nf private owners. Just as
soon as that per 1 is reached, we may look
for a considerab rise in the value of land
throughout the country, this being accom
panied, as I opine it will, by a restriction
of the many opportunities which now exist
for the employment of capital in various
ways aflording'a comparatively high rate of
interest.
The attention of capitalists will then be
directed more and more to the possibilities
of agriculture, which, though affording a
comparatively low rate of interest on the
money invested, will at the same time, af
ford, in the ownership of land and its stead
ily increasing value, an element of security
as well as of ultimately increased value of
the original investment.
These conditions will undoubtedly also
be accompanied by many others in the
natural development of the country, such
as the extension to country districts of ad
vantages and facilities now difficult to ob
tain outside of our towns and cities, which
will remove many of the objections which
now exist in the minds of many persons to
residence in the country.
PROFITS Or AGRICULTURE.
It is from such convictions as these that I
am led to call the attention of our American
youth to agriculture as one of the industries
most worthy of their attention in consider
ing their future career. I say unhesitat
ingly that the young men of "our country
who will bring to agriculture the education
and intelligence, the industry and persever
ance essential to success in every career,
whether mercantile, industrial or pro
fessional, will, in the course of the next 20
years attain a far greater degree of material
well-being on the average than awaits them
in any other calling.
I believe that 20 years from now the now
almost universal desire of youth resident in
the country to abandon it for the city will
be reversed, and that numbers of those
brought up and trained in city life will look
forward to life in the country as the most
desirable, uniting the prospect of ample
competence with independence, health and
enjoyment.
HOKSFORD'S ACID PHOSPHATE;
For Indigestion,
Dyspepsia, and diseases Incident thereto.
SEE BLAINE
Before Ton Bay a Lot.
Employment here for workers, business
for merchants and tradesmen and large
profits for investors. Do not be carried
away by large advertisements and glowing
promises. Blaine is on the navigable river,
in the valley of great factories and success
ful towns, and her immense safe works, now
Bearing completion, will give employment
to more men than 20 establishments such as
are claimed by competing "manufacturing"
towns. Blaine extends an invitation to
everyone to visit and investigate her site
and resources.
Call for free tickets at 129 Fourth avenue.
The Blaine Land Improvement Co.-
Grand millinery Opening.
Onr opening of September having been
delayed by fire, we have taken advantage
of the interval to secure the.very latest nov
elties in French pattern hats, etc., etc., and
will display same on Thursday and Friday,
October 15-16. Tours respectfully,
E. S. Giles,
92, 94, 96 Federal street, Allegheny, and
C6-Sixth street, Pittsburg.
A Good Suggestion.
If you have valuables keep them where
they will be safe. The safe deposit vaults
of the Farmers' Deposit National Bank, 66
Fourth avenue, offer you security, strong
vaults, perfect ventilation, good light, spa
cious coupon rooms, separate apartments
for women. Boxes rented at ?5 and up
ward. MOT
New Fall and Winter Dress Goods.
Elegant and carefully selected stock of
camel's hair plaids, Bedford cords, serges,
henriettas, cashmeres, cloths, French em
broidered robes, to which the attention of
close buyers and Exposition visitors is
especially called.
H. J. Lynch, 438-440 Market street
tuwfsu
Fine neckwear. See our display.
James H. Aiken & Co., 100 Fifth ave.
For Office Furniture,
Go to the Henry Auction Company, 24 and
26 Ninth street
PIKE'S PEAK BY BAIL.
Scaling America's Celebrated Mount
ain by the Aid of Steam.
THE SCENERY ALONG THE RUUTE.
Unsuccessful Efforts of Its Namesake
Climb the Elevation.
to
THE PERILOUS PIONEER TRAIL
rcdKHESFONDESCE OP THE DISPATCH.!
Colorado Springs, Col., Oct. 12.
Being compelled by failing health to seek
a more congenial climate, 1 left the "City
of Gas" on June 1, for this invigorating
atmosphere. Having located myself here
at the Springs, in a few months I have re
gained my health sufficiently to enable me
to take that most desirable trip to "Pike's
Peak."
The fame of this lofty mountain is world
wide. Fearless and erect it stands, as if in
its mighty strength to bid us all defiance,
pushing its snow-covered summit far above
the clouds, now light and bright in the daz
zling sunshine,again dark and ominous from
the breeding storm. Tip from the surround
ing foothills it rises, the unseathed warrior
of many a fierce battle with the elements,
the silent but ever watchful sentinel of the
wide spreading plains. At the dizzy height
of an altitude 14,147 feet above the 'level of
the sea, tired nature finished her ponderous
task and left as the result of her labors an
everlasting monument.
Major Zebulon Pike once said, "No hu
man being could ascend to that summit,"
but late in the fall of 1806 he and his small
party made strenuous efforts to reach the
top of "The Great Snow Mountain."
MAJOR PIKE GIVES IT UP.
After many weary miles of climbing,
hampered by the chilling blasts of an early
winter and delayed by the depth of the fast
falling snow, they finally reached the sum
mit of what is now known as Cheyenne
Mountain. The outlook from this point was
so discouraging that Pike positively refused
to risk his men farther, so further efforts
were abandoned. Such was the first-known
attempt to scale the lofty heights of the now
celebrated mountain which, although that
intrepid explorer never set foot even at its
base, ever afterward took his name.
The fleecy snow of 40 winters or more
were driven against the hardy face of old
Pike's Peak before another good description
of this mountain was given to the world.
George F. Buxton in 1847 pitched his lone
ly tent on the banks of that rabjld little
mountain stream, Fontaine qui bouille. It
was the intention of this doughty sports
man to try to ascend the moutnain, but be
fore he undertook the task he had to flee for
his life from the Indians, who came there to
partake of the health-giving mineral waters.
In honor of the memory of this man a park
in that section now bears his name.
It was along in the fifties that the first
trail was made almost to the top, but it was
a very dangerous one, and not many people
undertook the task of following it. In 1871,
1873 and 1877 three other trails were made.
but in 1889 a carriage road was built, whioh
is a very pleasant way of ascending the
mountain, but it takes at least a day to
make the trip, and sometimes longer.
THE MOUNTAIN BAITjWAY FINISHED.
The 20th of October, 1890, is a memorable
day in the history of Pike's Peak. On that
day the golden spike was set that completed
the highest railroad in the world, and the
finishing stroke was made that assured to
the tourist a safe, easy and speedy transit to
the tiptop pinnacle of the most celebrated
mountain on this hemisphere. Such was
the victory gained over the mighty works
of nature,"and to the untiring efforts of a
zealous few must be ascribed the credit of
the conquest.
In two respects only does the Manitou and
Pike's Peak road differ from the ordinary
railway. The first and greater of these is
the very heavy grade that in a few feet
short of nine miles makes an elevation of
7,525 feet, and the other is the system
of rack rails, that forms a contin
uous track upon which the 90 cogs
of the locomotive operate. The exact
length of the road is 46,992 feet,
and the average elevation overcome 844.4
feet to the mile, making an average grade
of 16 per cent. The maximum grade is 23
per cent The locomotives weigh about 28
tons apiece when loaded; are of 200 horse"
power and have no tenders. They are de
signed to push the trains when going up the
mountain and precede them on the descent,
thus having perfect control of the coaches.
While the cars are not coupled to the en
gine, they can, if desired, be let down inde
pendently of the locomotive.
In company with friends I took a front
seat in the coach, wondering what nature
had for me to see.
A SLOW AND SAFE TRIP.
At last we start, not at a rapid gait, but
one in which a person could easily jump off
or on the car at any time during the ascent,
forit takes two hours and 20 minutes to go
up and one hour and a half to return. First
we pass the Shady springs, and at this point
is where the Gog and Magog look down
upon the passenger. Now we enter the
Grand Pass, where for 2,000 feet the puffing
engine pushes us up one of the longest and
steepest inclines of the whole grade.
On we go, passing Echo Falls, Hanging
Bock, ArtiBt's Glen and Sheltered Falls.
Again, the musical sound of fast falling
water is heard. A little way farther we
come into view of the beautiful Minnehaha
Falls, one of the prettiest sights on the
road. Still up, up we climb, passing the
Half "Way House, going through the nar
row walls of Hell Gate, and soon we are at
Buxton Park. Here for two and one-quarter
miles a comparatively level stretch is to
be seen, covered with beautiful groves of
pine and aspen.
A little farther on "Baldy" (Bald
Mountain) elevates itself, and at our left is
the castle-shaped Sheep Bock, while just
beyond is Lion's gulch, where we got the
first grand view of the majestic proportions
of historical old Pike's Peak, the father of
mountains. A steeperincline is soon below
us. On, on we go. Now we are at timber
line, 11,625 feet above sea level. A sharp
turn is made and we have passed "Windy
Point and are fast climbing into "the Sad
dle." From this point a good view of Man
itou and the Garden of the Gods, lying far
below, may do nad.
REACHING THE SUMMIT.
But we must not stop here; 7,500 feet
more and we have reached the upper ter
minal, the old Government signal station,
and the long talked of summit of hardy old
Pike's Peak.
It was on one of Colorado's "best" days
when we were there and with the aid of the
glass we could see Denver1 on the north,
75 miles away; on the east the broad buffalo
plains of Colorado; on the south, Pueblo
and the Spanish Peaks, and on the west
the snow-mantled peaks of the Bocky
range,
vc were on the summit for 30 minutes,
walking around over the rugged rocks, and
did not experience any disagreeable feeling
with the exception of being a little "light
headed." The prices there at the lunch
counter correspond with the high altitude.
Our return journey was made with much
pleasure. The fare is $5 for the round trip,
and the railroad carried, during the season.
upward of 9,000 persons. The road is closed
now on account of the deep snow, and will
not open until June or July of next year.
"W. H. S.
Gratifying io All.
The high position attained and the uni
versal acceptance and approval of the pleas
ant liquid fiuit remedy Syrup of Tigs, as
the most excellent laxative known, illns
trato the value of the qualities on which its
success Is based and are abundantly gratl
fyinK to the California Fig Syrup Company.
Hundreds or New Jackets
Just opened. Also beautiful long capes
and cape newmarkets at interesting prices.
Compare at Bosenbaum & Co.'s. wr
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
CLOTHING !
Go search the world from pole to pole,
And scan the planets as they roll
In grandeur through the realms of space
And you will never find a place,
Where Clothing just as good and nice
As ours sells at such a price.
The man who lives up in the moon,
Will tell you, and that very soon,
There's no such bargains in the skies
As those we daily advertise.
Anyone who has looked at our stock of FALL CLOTHING will make
the same statement as the man in the moon. We have the best assortment of
Men's Suits, $8, $10, $12 to $30,
Overcoats, $10, $12, $15 to $40,
Boys' Suits, $5, $8, $10 to $20,
Children's Suits, $2, $4, $5 to $15.
Children's and Boys' Overcoats.
IT 15 F C I ITDlTfl n our Boys and Children's Department with
lllL.iL ! i fltt every 55 purchase goes FREE the greatest
novelty of the age THE MUSICAL BELL TOY.
EISNER &
TTIDTIOICT CLOTIECIITG- HOUSE,
COR. FIFTH AVE..AM) WOOD ST.
"Twelve little "Brownies? faithful and true,
Working for Laird, who sells-a good shoe."
$2
.18a Pair$2.18 Onlv
EVERY PAIR WORTH FOUR DOLLARS!
All Perfect and Warranted.
Ladies' elegant Dongola Kid Button Boots; also, fine cloth tops and
patent leather, finely made, silk stitched. Silk or kid top facings. Silk
worked button holes, reinforced. Common Sense, Opera, New York or
Philadelphia lasts. Patent leather tips or plain toes. Light, flexible and
heavy soles. Very latest styles. Perfect fitting, all sizes and all widths.
If you think of buying a pair or more this week or later, at any price
from $2 to 5 a pair, look at this lot first. They are truly a bargain every
pair and cannot be duplicated at the price.
Remember. $2,18 a Pair.
They're Well Worth S4 a Parr.
Gents' fine Wescott Calf, Lace or Congress, seamless silk stitched;
wide or narrow toes, tipped or plain; fine dongola kid tops; best inside trim
mings and custom finish; fine Hght single soles for dress or special wear,
and medium or heavy soles for business, professional or any service that may
be required. This is the finest, most tasty and perfect lot of gents' fine
shoes we have ever offered for the money. See them promptly; theywill
move off quickly.
Remember, $2,18 a Pair.
This Week Closes Them Out
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
LAIRD'S SHOE STORES
406, 408 and 10 J BARGAINS 1 433 Wood St
Market St. iBOTH STORES J Entire New Stock.
WHOLESALE STORE 515
HATS!
Don't wear a shabby hat when-you-can
buy a new one of us for a small sum. We
have all sorts, sizes, shapes, as well as all
the grades the people use. We have the
silk hats for dress, derbys for business,
slouches for rougher wear, and caps for
any service. I he manufacturers have to
nusue to nil our oraers, as we supyiy an
immense trade. Drop in and take a look
at the new browns that are all the rage
for fall wear. The Dunlap, Yotrraan,
Miller shapes at $1.50, fU.75, $1.90,
2.00, 2.50, $2.90.
PHILLIPS,
oeltSUwr
-GUI.
WOOD ST.
ocsoll-inmu
c ,
ia&rttls