THE SOUTH BEST SUITED FOR POULTRY, South of the Virginia line and on to the Gulf in the Atlantic States of this country can be found about the same climate as is prevalent along the Pacific coast south from San Fran- clsco. The State of California, the people of California and thy¢’ agricul- tura! interests of California began a number of years ago a determined ef- fort to colonize that section of the world with poultry growers, No! stone was left unturned to make this effort successful; the railroads, the state statisticians, the agricultural department and the people kept It BY T. F. Mc GREW, poultry, and stock of all kinds, the presence of which always enriches and fertilizes the soll, providing that care and attention be given to the eco | nomical saving of the manure and a proper distribution of it over the land. The States of Missouri, Kansas and California are samples of what can be done in the upbuilding of the | poultry interests for the elevation of |2 its people through an increased In- come enabling the State to have bet- ter ‘schools, better education, better homes, and to better improve their | lands, Only a short time siuce there | | | | tion occurs. i | POULTRY BUILDING SUITABLE FOR SOUTHERN CLIMATE, afloat, until California has become one of the largest poultry producing states of the country, and San Fran- cisco and the Pacific Coast are being supplied with the finest quality of fresh-1ald eggs and poultry of all kinds produced at home—a Supp ly which formerly came from east of the Rocky Mountains, We note this for the benefit of the states lying south of the above men- tioned line. If the people In districts, individually, locally and na tionally, would take hold of the up- building of the poultry interest, of the growing of all kinds of land and water tow] for market and the producing of tresh-laid eggs In winter, it would not be many years before the fields of the South would bloom iin as in olden days when cotton was king, and when the planter of these rolled In wealth enjoying the guished attitude of being envied by all mankind. The modus operandi to be pursued in connection with the poultry in- dustry is extremely simple, and the only wonder is that it Is Zot more generally carried” out. It appears, however, to need the energetic work of one or twe men in each community to demonstrate to the surrounding farmers the advantage and profit in employing up-to-date methods, The barnyard flock can within time and at a very small expense, be bred up from an average of 60 or 75 agi egzs a year to a production of 125 or | 150 eggs per hen, constituting the dif- fere tk between a loss and a hand- gome profit from the fl All it Is necessary to do is to decide upon some suitable breed of fowl and Infuse new blood into the flock each year by the im- rtation of a reasonably well y this means not only can ph prod tion be increased but, if a general pury« ock. breed 1s selected, a great average In- | crease In the weight of the fowls will be absolutely assured. In connection with this, nothing could be more profitable to handle than the growing of fruits and market stuff throughout the entire South. Two other features of great value might easily be added; that ls, culti vating squabs for market and keep ing bees for the production of honey and bees-wax. In the local market, bees-wax pells now for almost AO cents a pound. In the southern or warmer climates where winter feeding would not be of long duration, the cultivation of bees for bees-wax alone ' would become a profitable vocation, sven If the extracted .oney were dis- tributed among the neighbors as a gratuitous cempliment from the grow- ers “of the bees. But the bees must be compelled to build their own honey-combs, to facilitate which, as well as to have a larger product of bees-wax, the boxes for receiving the honey should be so constructed as to Influence the formation of a large amount of honey-comub or bees-wax in preference to honey. If th matters were earnestly taken hold of by the agricultural de partments in every Southern State and pushed as they should be, with a was these 1 the | districts | distin- | a gathering of representative business men from the South look- ing for national aid to the upbuild- ign of the localities from which they came, Nothing should be more loudly applauded and approved by the people of this country than government aid properly applied throughout the South- ern States; but this aid should be so applied as to make the people more industrious and to add to their wealtn fertility. lor stored is also believed to affect the! The Fertility of Eggs. In considering the possibilities for {a good hatch from a setting of eggs, the fertility of the eggs used is of prime importance, Data regarding the factors affecting the fertility of eggs tare of great value in the poultry in- dustry, this question having been studied at a number of the experiment stationg in the United States and else where, Too warm quarters for laying stock and overfeeding as well as a cold sea. !son are commonly believed to exer- cise an unfavorable influence on egg The way eggs are handled! proportion which will hatch, as well as the conditions under which incuba The vigor and character fof the parent stock and the length of | time the male bird has been with the flock are also important. At the out. et, officials of the Department of Agriculture wish it distinctly pointed think that fortable? dition and imag it! to produce a|ean crawl into a warm bed and out that fertility and “hatchability” are not necessarily identical. An egg may be fertile and the germ still not| have * sufficient vitality healthy chick under the ordinary con-| ditions of incubation. 4 In a series of incubator experiments at the Rhode Island Station, eggs tested, 83 per to be fertile, while only the fertile eggs, or 23.6 per cent, total number of eggs, hatched the conditions of the tests, ments made at the Maine showed that there was as great varia tion fertility as in the total yield or Miferent hens some produc ing eges that were all highly fertile and others that were completely infertile, ang, furthermore, that eggs of some hens varied greatly in this respe ferent times. The seem to show that 1d does not hinder ed the hens are all they begin to | {Oo re OnE ar The Ohio Exp periment of 8,677] were found! 46 per cent.of | of the! under Ex pe ri- | Sta tion | cent in o! while ¢ yie fert ywed bred cock. isoll Its former richness, {and i [4 yee a short | Bi i | | = bid ¢ ES - WR HITE AND BARRED PLYMOUT Ten millions of dollars or more, prop- erly expended each year through the medium of agricultural colle and departments Survuphout the states, would be a valuable investment by the National Goverament for the entire nation, provided these influences tend- ed to upbulld* The agricultural and live-stock interests of the South; to the growing communities how to care for their lands and their homes in a manner that would return to the and to make products of the ground increase multiply and enrich the people. But nothing could be more unfortu- nate for any locality than to have sums of money voted to that pur and have it made use of fo political advancement and the aid classes rather than the masses i —— — Fowl Bulletin in Demand, Of the making of Government docu- ments there is no end. This, too, although the President has forcibly expressed the opinion that the liter ary. output of the departments could be cut one-half. But there are bulie- tine and bulletins, “The Tapeworms of Chickens and Turkeys,” B. H. Ransom, B. Be. ‘ Zoologist, Bureau of Animal Indu ges the of American prepared by Ing {in pens | percentage of fertile eggs observed for in-lin bh day | | down-hill pull The fertility of the! not materially af-| MH ROCKS AT BILTMORE, N. C. a study of the effect of the presence yf the male bird on egg fertility. Forty Leghorn hens which had previously been kept without males were placed | EE A i RE hh Ne A » TRY POUL with three male nine days after mating. This creased regularly from O on the of mating to 95 per cent. on the eighth lay after mating is one that a city chap might ome as a useless publication, “the important subject of tapeworing of poultry has received but little attention In this country” the Indi vidual who often mistakes cooked veal for chicken would not sanction the-expenditure of public money for such a “ridiculous document.” In A MISSISSIPPI POULTRY RANCH, Betermined effort to aid the upbuild ing of all these Interests throughout these sections, greater wealth would added thereto through the enrich ment of the soll, as the natural re. sult of growing of wore cattle, owiay, I this he would greatly err. There Is scarcely a bulletin, it Is sald by mem. bers of Congress, that is In so great demand as the one entitled “The Tapeworms of American Chickens and Turkeys.” Even though | egRs was apparently fected until the twelfth day after re moving the roos This point was also studied at Ontario Agricul tural Lollegs and Experimental Farm The hens separated from the | male and the eggs laid each day were { placed in an incubator and tested with | respect to their fertility {laid during the first four days after the male was removed, 70 per cent. were fertile; 61 per cent. on the seventh, eighth, 12 per | per cent. and | infertile, % The influence of the total number of eggs also tested” with two lots, Lot 1 con sisted of 5 pullets, § hens, and 1 cock; lot 2, of 6 hens and 5 pullets of the {same varieties as lot 1. Both pens | were fed and cared for in the same way.” Lot 1 laid 959 eggs and lot 2, 972 eggs. It may thus be seen that there was but very little difference in the number of eggr ‘ald by the two pens. {Ideal Conditions for" Fertility. The various observations made at different stations, while not entirely conclusive, seem to indicate that, in order to secure fertile eggs which will hatch, It Is considered desirable for the laying stock not to be kept in very warm quarters or overfed; the males must be kept with the hens contin. uously and only eggs used which have been produced after the male has been with the hens several days. The most desirable fowls whose eggs are to be ters, the were on the sixth, 60 per cent. ; 49 per cent; on the cent.; on the ninth, 2 on the tenth, all were male on the produced was o—. —— ———— ordinary conditions prevailing on the | keep cattle looking so sleek and fine,” | 8 | was asked of a successful stock raiser, | a man's feelings must | cold, lelaims made {the Bureau “poor” and eight “worthless.” cotton cause his samples are stored — = hl hth -— BLES AND FRUIT ON ATSOUTHERN FARM birds and thesfor enough money to pay for his phone Of the egus | of those laid on the fifth day,! onp— oo——— to. ir i—“ss cn A 5. used are those from vigorous parent stock. known to produce a high per- centage of fertile eggs, while in order to secure a great percentage of fertile eggs the hens should be allowed a rest after each laying period, The eggs should be handled very carefully and not subjected to extremes of tem pefature In storage, and used only when comparatively fresh. As a whole it may be gald that the farm as a rule favor the production of egge of high vitality, The keeping quality of eggs is a very different mat ter from fertility, as it is the general belief that infertile eggs keep better than fertile, Keep the Animals Warm, “How do you manage to always them the “Why, I keep he replied, “from porn until I sell them, And this is to a great extent the secret of success In stock growling. The best farmers are the best stock raisers; and this is a branch of farm ing that always wins in the long run. | If you can raise all the rough feed and grain that your stock need, do | so, by all means, but don't neglect the | stock to do this, letter buy of some | less fortunate neighbor who has more feed than stock. There are other things beside feed, too. Have you geen cattle and horses humped and shivering, day after day, through the | worst part of the winter? Do you those animals were com Picture yourself in that con ine how you would like It is difficult to see how some mer at nig hit sleep soundly until morning, while their live stock stand hal f frozen and perhing w hall-fed all 1 hit Nudd be tly well blunted. It doesn't pay in dollars and cents, either Now, it doesn't cost | much to fix up a comfortable shelter for stock, when ojd hay and straw san be had almost for nothing. Wher a man lets his stock suffer from the it Is a clear case of shiftlessness, But every year there are fewer and fewer of the shiftless clas - hic Use of Nitrogen Bacteria L imited. The comfortable,” day they are exiravagant by many of advertising those wid a for in y 10 rey {nitrogen th Furthern now on the Of ni whatever in the open mari of Plar pronounced “very “good,” and most WAS others yy one five good,” of the remainder asmaemaefii—ss——— The Telephone on the Farm. He sits by his and sells his when It 11 cents be in the | is at He firld seed his | % to share home | hearth reaches even though his cotton under the cow-lot shed he comes from the at poontide, that the car-load of poatoes ordered by Hm and pelghbors has arrived and he goe town immediately for his own and by phone agreement, hauls the portion belonging to two De town, that time learns when ! EE —————— year. With a telephone the farmer has the world is short. He al the next he | a horse gervice that s home, the wool On to send has day where is too busy four miles away, corn he must panting, as he has been advised by | telephone of its arrival by express, so | he pays a thriftless neighbor who going into town to buy bacon, to bring the seed corn out to him, That is bet ter than stopping a three-horse plow for a half day. At night he Inquires of a neighbor over the phone, how he is pleased with the improved double row corn planter, and he it is the correct thing, so he one to be delivered the next day from his nearest implement house. It ar rives and saves 50 cents a day In labor for ten days of the planting sea son. His wife calls up her cousin, who lives in the town and has na pleasant chat about all the doin's of the last two days: finds out who was present at the last social, which she was unable to attend, and she is satis. fled. The phone Is a veritable money maker, and social satisfier in the rural home, It is a bullder of so ciety, an Insurance against violence and an ever present help In case of sickness, to town for a bushel of see have for immediate | IT) A Uncle Alec's Reflections, Doan nebber try to comfo'ht er man by tellin’ vo his trouble might be wus, It tieKles his pride ter feel dat ho's beatin’ de record, eben when {it come t' bein’ mizzable, ———— The Reason, Mah ole woman's idea ob economy am in payin’ ten cents wurf ob cab. fath fo’ dé sake ob buyin’ a dollar's wuf of stuff fo' nifhetyeight Ask yourself the question : And the answer will be : Then w Nature is a Jetter Learn You You y : Learn a little Send a dime or five two-cent sts year's subscription for Maxwell's | in the Home, Health from Nature Read it every: t} Health, and save Doc good health after you th W hether av. are buried counts, s nana oh int m Maxwell s Ho nen NOTE —1f you do not wi h ated if he cu fr Jaker Mage Cut out this subscription blank, wri 10 cents (silver or stamps) and we will ms month for twelve months, Don't delay, bu Name m——————— Box or Street No. Postoffice ve five years ge noney, ever pabl ished, Addr 1f you wish to have THE HC of paper for name and address, an Stern and Inexorable Judge, Grants No Pardons When Her Laws are Broken Those can't learn them too soon. can't learn them all at once, Begin right now every mw Lo 1405 Fis cre Gant a Bch : a8 your faithful bod Is ahead of time, to ct ut the coupon plion on a se} arate ONE YEAR. FOR 10 CENTS Subscription Price to Chicago and Foreign Addresses, 25¢. Per Year te name ana ou Maxwell § Homemaker Nagasive ever ng at —years sul baer ibe for one, two, three or five years at 10 od read 4g com! Subsefiption Dept. MAXWELL'S HOMEMAKER MAGAZINE, 1405 Fisher Building, CHICAGO, 111, MEMAKER MAG 3 enclose 11 Don’t Die That Way.| Millions Die Every Year from Mere Ignorance of Nature's Laws of Health ‘Is Life Worth Livin " It Sopenda on your health.” 1y not have good health because some simple, atus! law of heddth has been violated r Bad If you are sick it is and I Laws. and y onth.’, ’ y m her Bi ling, Chicago, for one whole or read the Department Health Right Living." learn all abot it Nature's Laws of yg » k Get yo ur ut of your paper, you can sen pie € of paper a address on es below. and shnd u ono tate whether & new or Better cents for each year. 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