THE AMERICAN GRAPE INDUSTRY. A Great and Increasing Branch of Horticulture, GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL. “The grape ls the poor man's fruit, es- 130,000,000, Ohio third with 14,000,000 pecially one who has only a house lot of the smallest possible dimensions, roots will extend and profitably occupy every inch of ground underneath it and from that small space produce all the fruit h.s family ean consume, while the vines aYord shade and protection and add beauty to his little home, occupying no gpace, either above or below the ground to interfere with other interests, and producing more fruit in less time and with less labor and attention than any- thing that was ever planted.” All of which is charming in truth unless the phylloxera or the downy mildew or the aphis or the dry rot be come appurtenances to vine, or the| chickens or small boys of the neigh- borhood steal all the grapes just as they are getting ripe. Chickens, however, should be kept in pens, and if every small boy's father had a grape vine which furnished “all the fruit his family could consume,” tnere would be no incentive to pillage the neighbor's vines, As for the downy mildew and the He can | plant vines beside his cottage and their | | each, | throughout the State with a capacity other ailments to which civilized grape and Kansas, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Missouri, Oklahoma, Illinois, Indiana, Georgia and lowa with 5,000,000 or less California alone had a quarter of a million acres in vineyards with an annual production of 30,000,000 gallons of wine. The Investment represented in that State alone is estimated at $85, 000,000. Wine Tank as Big as a House. The writer once climbed to the top of a single cask at Fresno, California, which contained 96,000 gallons of port wine, There are hundreds of casks of 50,000 gallons each. The annual raisin production of California amounts to about 90,000,000 pounds, while about 25,000,000 pounds of these raisin grapes are shipped East every year as table | Brapes, | Last year the Chautauqua district in | New York produced 600,000 gallons of| unfermented grape juice | These figures give some idea of our mm the Santalarbara Califorma. vines are tions have batted ing, and ro it only pre but the vine €ven greater th . the grape in- tes when con- yercial ere each man t fig tree, is one mportance and of dustry gidered proposition i has his own of a great great Interest, Count Their Age by Centuries. Although the product of its fruit Is accountable for much that is unseemly and friv the vine is itself an ob ject of gre ] It is not known h | comn ylous and dignity he grape w grow in » test, even had the landing ns an years of 1, since we have not been here | RICES, . ka 1) . } | Yield tannin, 1 Old | was Old 81 ii A8% com rid whose an- r 4.0 RLLIRS 560 years old, is hat of the w nual production is ove gallons of wine Oths ts of the grape are rals ins—an enor 18 Industry In itself— brandy a very uperior article, Jellles and preserves, The grape furnishes also important by-products. Feed and fertilizer are small to Birodn r pt produced from the pomace, also acetic | acid. The seeds are separated from tl pomace id fed to stock the same a grain. Ground up, they are used as a substitute for coffee. A hirh grade ¢ similar to olive oil is also produced | from the seeds, which, am ne othor make superior soap. T Husnann estimates that {f all 8 of the gr exira returns v De Crop were ut A 1 tally TR vy in Italy held |nlly 10 per cent, and others in Bur W) years and more NCORD GRAPES, LAKE KEUKA, NEW YORK. These were cultivated vines, Doubt less native vines grow to much great- er ages, The vitieulturist of the Department of Agriculture, George C. Husmann states that he has never seen A vine among the endless number of natives abounding in our forests that has diel from the effects of age. Some old grape vines grow to Immense size. There Is a wild grape vine on the shores of Mo bile Bay under which Andrew Jackson twice pitched his tent in his cam paigns against the Seminoles, has a circumference of over six feet, with a supposed age of about 100 years The Size of a Great Tree. The largest known grape vine in the world was planted in California in 1842. It has made a phenomenal growth. Beneath its spreading branches, which cover nearly half an acre, 800 persons can find protection from the sun's heat. It bears from six to ten tons of grapes for a crop and the cir cumference of its trunk Is eight feet, While the wine industry is by far the most important feature of grape grow. ing. enormous quantities of table grapes are raised and by means of Im- proved transportation facilities sent to all parts of the country. The Con- cords, the Delawares and the Niagaras come from the North, the Scuppernongs from the South and the Flame Tokays and other sugary raisin grapes from the Pacific coast, The last census reported 12 States having in bearing over 2,000,000 vines each, California being first with 90, : vines, New York second with PACKING Cx lent grape ylueti | AHCUt 4 BO and this with as yet in its infan Feeding Oleo to the Navy. Considerable of a sens veloped over the fur: Island navy yard ter which analysis simply oleomargarine tar dye. Samples were ta government receiving shig several baltle ships and cru from the hospitals of the navy ) agents of the Pennsylvania Dairy Food Commission Warren, the | State Commissioner, d« 3g them be specimens of coa iderable contr of Pre were finally submitted te chi : ist of the Deg : riculture, who in a full repo tained Dr. Warren's findings tary Wilson has referred the report to the President, who has, it is stated ' or con stance called the attention of the Department of Justice to the matter. Several ar rests have already been made, In speaking, however, of the substi tution of oleomargarine for butter in the market, Dr. Wiley said that at pres. | ent the amount of oleomargarine sold {in this country whether fraudulently as butter or when marked as oleo is quite small. The government has ren- | dered the making and sale of the stuff [unprofitable by levying 10 cents a pound on all that is artificially colored, {and half a cent on the uncolored, Foreigners Refuse Colored Butters. “Con! tar dyes” not fatally harmful, though means wholesome, and dairymen permitted under the law to use such coloring matter to impart to their but ter a rich yellow color unnecessary, the Department of Agri culture is now trying to popular taste in favor of uncolored but ter, and we are making some headway, Jver in Europe one never encounters which | by nce ire first class markets, The people thers have learned to distrust it. We are coming to this in the United States, To high eolor. Our eplcures and those {that live well are also fighting shy of it, and as a result the dairymen are be ginning to realize that the bottle of adjunct to a successful dairy.” ——-— motto, “BE Pluribus Unum.” | pump, that can be done with a gasoline en- sald Dr. Wiley, “are | To render this | educate the | colored butter in any of the hotels or John Adams was the author of the Increasing Wealth in the West, In commenting on the need which has hitherto manifested itself in the West for calling upon Eastern money centers for funds with which to move Western crops, letter states that with conditions record-breaking crop would have strained the capacity of the New York financial centers to the utmost to fur- nish sufficient funds, So greatly, how- ever, has the wealth of the West in- creased and so large are the surplus reserves of the farmers that even with crops so stupendous as to amaze Eu rope, New York financiers have been hardly inconvenienced by the demands for funds, In a not distant future it is predicted the West of the Mississippi Valley and of the Missouri Valley as well will be found exclusively lending Sl i SCUPPERNONG WINERY, NORTH CAROLINA. or advancing money with which to move tho crops that are grown in the remoter reg distant Northwest, No expert can 18 that will be ng expen left i, which farmers, the surpi for them after pa ts have ventured GASOLINE POWER ENGINES. Constitutes Great Saving in Horse and Man Power - Have Come Into General Use on Many Prosperous Farms and Homes, Inexpensive, re! {care of the lanting ste er, the operation of whi stant attention. The diff ost of operating and the advantage « starting at a moment's n« o has ad vanced the popularity of gasoline er gines where comparatively small powar is required In contrast with other power devices. A few 3 about gasoline farms, while to-d An « n on upilo-daie al business plants, T rowing inter t has been brought about larg: through the improvements that have A GRAPE BY-PRODUCT FACTORY. heen mal by y 3 8 rking that the aver them with the 5 a4 matter of fact n handle a 3 with but lit tend ner who has never seen gasoline engine and let him start ar stop one a few of the principles of operating and In a few days he will become a familiar w 80 modern The general usefulness of this sort on a farm is apparent There is ensilage to cut, wood to saw feed to grind, corn in fact a multitude of things gine at small expense, a New York financial! as | , lan they were ten years ago, the present 12 8 4 res hired man to the tourist, “Wy that ions of the Southwest or the 7 timate accurately the | gains that will come this year to the ts. Some of the CHICKENS AS GARDENERS. Can Be Taught to Pull Weeds and | Harvest Grain, “1 gee as how a scientific perfesser has trained a yaller dorg to count ten answer fool questions,” sald the old feller beats ain't nothin’ I knows an back yere in th' Valley what that all to flinders, Began raisin’ chickens when Le was a boy, I seen some bantams he had no biggern’ fleas lan’ game birds what ¢'d step over a six-foot fence, jut that ain't nothin’ Last time 1 was down 't his place he had a hunderd-acre farm an 'bout ten thousand chickens, an’ was truck for early northern markets, Powerful big chickens they was, an’ he bad 'em trained they'd work his farm for him, They wasn't a weed | nur a blude o' grass in that whole | farm 'cep'n In the pastures. An’ bugs? | wy they cudn't a tater bug, nur a cut worm, nur even a cabbage flea get a foot Inside o that farm afore a chicken bad im. An' that wasn't all Them chickens ¢'d see at night, Guess he must a’ crossed ‘em with Anyways, he never worried none ‘bout early frost If "twas cold in the spring them chickens was out all | night rin’ up tomatoes an’ an’ ev'ythin' tender. Jest squat the plants with their wings spread | out an’ there till sun up He had tomatoes three weeks ahead o' any body else, | bat wasn't When planted beets en turnips en passnips he sowed "em powerful thick they'd get up 'hout | them chickens come ale t right. ~ Fi "tween times K lown t} day lo % up the dirt keepin' ev'ythin' cultivated jest fect Wy that feller never had a his bhan' from » year end to an- | ther, An’ lay! Gee whiz! Them ns was the stiddiest layers I ev ee. But they didn’t use no nest Jest laid lu reg’lar egg crates. Au’ | raisin’ O'8 owls, | Cove beans over | set he wn’ as ght slze in 'em out je SOON Aas par- | JamesSS. Kirk & Company | i t —- Ad | = « Well Drilling ise 'd gr mnt N hie this 8 50 nn’ vimost as much a wagon full o along past his house, little hole in the wag mnin’ on ir, that 1 wlred ol ut Go times and study some ! th its workings as he would | with a team of horses or a tread-mill of a machine to shell, water to f 1 r. But Wry ll set fell But as he lool aroun Le | ! | had fled in Chinese ** Cash." Consular reports from C1} ina are to! the effect that the prospect of a re form or rather revolution in the money { that Empire is 1 t wight, in spite of the pr end which have been made a number of influential yentung the change ing business in Cl among others the Ix by the great variations in values of the same kind of oolne in different ities as well as the provineial officials who mint them. The money of the people is still brass and copper, and to introduce a new system will be dif cult owing to the dread on the part of | the public of anything new. Gold and silver may continue to control the price paid for exports, but copper and brass will for a long time govern pro duction. system © } tions do ask ad Aske, 0 profit day firstclass hotels and fancy gro | cerles will not buy butter that has a! conl tar dye Is no longer a necessary | DANGERS OF THE NIGHT, Crown Soap BOOKS BOOKS te ' if cata WEBB PUBLISHING CO. WILLIAM BROS., Ithaca, N.Y. ° a r- NO OTHER WAGONS APPROACH In Perfect Adaptability Under all Conditions to MANUFACTURED BY Kentucky Wagon Manufacturing Co. LOUISVILLE, KY. LARGEST PRODUCERS OF FARM WAGONS IN THE WORLD OOOOCOOO0OO0OOCO000 A Quarter of a Century of unfailing service AMERICAN CROWN SOAP ver American ; proves the we wv "| that % ar wan! 124 25 and 00 Ib pails, ABSOLUTE RELIABILITY are of the Remington TYPEWRITER CHICAGO ILL. A : some good Ones Dec. WYCKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT BN BROADWAY, NEW TORR Sandwich SELF FEED FULL CIRCLE TWO HORSE { or t We, St. Paul Minn. Machines her or sha wwii in ac) ing H A Y P R E S S Is or Jorse powers, | Any me- £F SEND FOR CATALOGUE { € £ Y The Baler for speed. Bales 12 to 18 Has 40 inch feed hole, vr) ’ far wie Self-feed Attachment y & aE. he ! better bales and does not increase draft, Scad for Catalogue SANDWICH MFG. CO. 124 Maia Streel, STI Pine. LOS w Pioe, Sandwich, Cera - N \ Ye Wrin Eagle Tank Co., 28! N. Green 8t., Chicago, Ill TI lel or IF YOU WANT A JACK Rend for LILLE ‘ ¥ ¢ "e tain 1h . f on Hydraulic Jacks our e. 200 ¥ con . ug 1 want 2 tha Aeror wlainps The Martie Fire Aron Co, New Haven, Conn — od for . : Specialty Watson -Stillman Co., 40 Dey Sty N. XY. City, — - ASA SASS ey AAAAAAS ro" Che IRissoula Nursery , be Producers of Northern grown acclimated trees and the best varieties for planting in Northern States, Every Variety of Standard Fruit Thoroughly tested Apples, Pears, Plums, Cherries and Trees Ornamental, Small Fruit Plants, Shrubs, Vines and Roses. WS SASS THE EVERBEARING STRAWBERRY A SPECIALTY OF FLOWERING PLANTS AND SHRUBS Cut Flowers and Floral Designs. Also Vegetable Plants shipped by express. Catalogue and Price List Free. Mail orders have prompt attention. MISSOULA NURSERY MISSOULA, MONTANA. \ 5 CO.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers