- nrt 1 . vtiy.-vi Te WJT I 'H 1 -jl . f . ' I '-BKBT . ;ji' 1G EVENING PUBtilO LXteGER-PmriA I ( -t, .? J t y?'Wfi?w J?L LINERS' RAGE TO BEAT Wf fefcv m BRINGS TRAGEDY AND TOY TO K t 1 i . " Many Aliens Who Have Staked Their All en This Magic Land of Premise Arrive, Excited and Expectant, Only te Find' Queta Filled and They Must Return ' V,tfV j-Tf ,-,.,-... IMMlUKALlUiy Att&iA w jbbs. -a jsw rr ssr m mt k " .v s v eW r jh v w i. .aw r Vu w rr aMEkiCA & : .EffiiOi i ' : - ' . . . ,. .. ... p If 1 I I I i I f! ft t SM l tm if ALLOTMENT FOR MONTH IS EXCEEDED BY GREEKS WITHIN A Ellis Island Officials Say Wild Rush Shows Impracticability of Law. Tell of Ingenious Devices Used by Immigrants te Enter Country Seme Rejected End Lives TICTURE a great modern argosy of steel steamships, all racing through the seas, burning excess eeal, en 3000-mile voyages from Mediter ranean, western and northern ports of Europe, and all having a common goal. Each ship is packed te the limit of its third-class or steerage quarters with' argenauts in search of a new deal in life, particularly these from the oath and cast of Europe. Commanders of these vessels are striving by superior speed, seaman ship or shrewd maritime maneuver te arrive at the principal American portal at the exact moment when they may first obtain lawful landing ler their human freight under the new The incoming voyagers have dreamed long of the land across the en. These who have gene befere have written te say there are no perse cutions, no pogroms, and te tell xnctly hew many drachmas, lire, rubles, lei or various kinds of krenen and marks a mere day's wages will buy. All languages are spoken in this wonderland where the buildings reach the sky and the treets surpass any cinema. In latter-day steerage quarters one recent morning, en beard one of these ships, the Cente Rosse, were 1068 men, women and children. They danced, sang and romped as they neared the American coast. They ftasted , en herring, bread, cheese 'and garlic. Having miraculously contrived each te scrape together $250, for steamer passage, minimum landing capital of $50 and incidental ex penses, and , having in many cases staked their all en this magic Amer ica, they were new at the gates of the land of their high hopes. All were excited; all in highest ex pectancy. Race for Shere Means Much te Human Carge When a befogged dawn gradually broke ever New Yerk harbor, en the morning of July 1, a fleet of such ships, including several from the once classic shores of Greece, were revealed at anchor. They had slipped silently through the Narrows after the stroke of midnight, in order te be the first in pert with their profitable 'human cargoes' under the second year's operation of the greatly dis eussed Dillingham Immigration Act. 'Je at least three Greek ships, getting in first after midnight meant the difference between big profit and big less, with heavy fines added by the American Government. i The business reason for the great Transatlantic Handicap is net far te seek. The Dillinghqm per centum law, which has served te cut down immigration from Southeast ern Europe by four-fifths, permits net mere than 3 per cent of the par ticular nationality in each case resi dent In this country as shown by the 1910 census, te enter the Unitnd States in any year, and of the num ber admissible net mere than 20 per cent may enter in one month. Because of the intense compe tition of the steamahip companies and because of the economic and social distress in the Mediterranean countries, that 20 per cent allotment is sure te be absorbed in the first month of the fiscal year in the case of immigrants from the latter nations. Allotment for Menth Filled in Few Hours Last week's beginning of the sec ond year of operation of the new law, which became effective June 3, 1921, found the Greeks, with a total allotment of 329 .immigrants for the year, trying te jam 659, the full month's allotment, into the country in the first few hours of the period. Since the Mediterranean lines new get a stecra'ge fare of about $160 from the farthest ports, or twice what the first-class passage was less than a decade age, the business is profltahle and there is bitter rivalry among them. The present fierce competition is tlfl,J K !, tBnt n,f tt n stssmship commander fails te get his Immigrant charges into pert in ' tint, since the ships are examined! wwu in wie cnronejogicai i V FEW HO URS and severe selective restrictions. order of their arrivals, his company Is fined $200 for each immigrant de ported, and restitution of fare must be made te each of such passengers who must also be returned home at the company's expense. Efferts at co-operation te divide equitably the immigrant business se that no excess passengers will be brought ever from the closely re stricted regions have failed, largely because of the attitude of the Greek lines. It has therefore become a matter of cutthroat competition and let the devil take these who lag in the race. Arrival Means Fight te Beat Queta Figures As was the case twelve months age, the first day of arrivals at the opening of the new immigration year was one of quarrels between steamship com panies and Government officials, te say nothing of anxieties and uncertainties for the steerage argenauts. The losing or the winning of large sums of money was Involved In the contests which may be adjudicated only by beards of review or finally in the Federal courts. After this year's fleet had raced across te glve the Immigration Service mere trouble than It has had since the armistice, the ships Jockeyed for an chorage just outside the International maritime boundary. Without the Am brose Channel lightship en all of the night closing the fiscal year, lay the steamers. Few slept In the steerage quarters that night except the youngest children. Lights twinkled out of portholes through the murk of a thick night. There were animated conversations. Snatches of song, the thrumming of guitars and the sounds of dancing en the decks were wafted ncress the waters. Of a scere of big steamers, a round dozen of merchantmen were laden with wine 7000 Immigrants. Feg had obscured them throughout the greater part of the day as they had carefully felt their way westward from .Nantucket, but all the captains were In excited wireless communication with their agents, seeking and receiving In structions about their dash Inte pert when midnight should have struck. Say Wild Dash Shows Impracticability of Law The Inequalities of the situation were evident. Since the Deportment of Laber has Inadequate means of holding the human tide In check at Its source, It Is u case of first come first counted. The early steamer te enter pert and claim Its ttecrage passengers agnlnst the quota from a country under the existent rigid restrictions Is of course treated as a winner and bears off the spoils. Anether vebsel of blower speed, or that Is held up by fog or accident or peer coal, has te pay the stiff penalties of a loser, regardless of the fact that hbe left her home pert In geed faith with a reasonable nllen passenger com plement that there was every reason te believe would be admitted te the United States. The spectacle of laBt week's wild dash of the alien steamships and their fight for favorable pobltlen was regarded by Immigration officials as a forceful dem onstration of the Impracticability of the new restrictive act. With the many problems arising, It became necessary for Secretary Davis, of the Department of Laber, te appoint a tpecial beard of review te sit at New Yerk und pass en caes of appeal. The beard consists of Geerge 11. Harris, Geerge W. Hepe und Themas Themas. These men must endeavor te feu that the quality of mercy is net strained, that Justice Is served, that the Inw Is firmly enforced end yet that """"B " coming year an aueve 3 ner eX ate 73 the Unlted Stategf A , ,.-lng Mmnan tJle Acropolis came) Inte .the pert V M V rj New Yerk just after midnight within a few seconds of each ether. They were se close together that they had te go te court te Bct'tle which get In first, and after a battle the Kins Alexander wen. In the meantime the penned-up steerage passengers waited In anxiety and speculated en the outcome This year the two ships were again in the line-up with such chips as the Argentina, the Cente Rosse, the Presl- dente Wilsen and many ethers, but the King Alexander Indisputably wen with her Greek Immigrants, for the unlucky Acropolis was delayed supposedly by peer coal, and arrived several days later. She faced having te pay $18,000 In fines en ninety surplus passengers, be sides returning them and refunding their passage money, as it was known she could net turn back because of perish- nble cargo and ether considerations. Three steamers brought In a total of mere Greek Immigrants than the law allows. It se happened that the fag settled the winners of this year's race and two steamships made Quarantine neck and I i 'Si-.i ?y i.vte:i .T-lVk LltA kii neck. They were the Prcsldente Wil Wil eon and the Italian steamship Argen tina, both from Mediterranean ports. They were clesply followed by the Latvia from the Mediterranean and the Vasarl from Seuth America. The Cente Rosse came In later in the morn ing. Although the King Alexander was fogbound and could net get inside wlXh the mrllest arrivals she out stripped her rlvaj. the Acropolis. There were 1708 steerage passengers en the ships thnt managed te slip In through the fog the first morning, and of these, 1321 Lere Immediately received at Ellis Island and handled by the much-mduced force of Inspectors. The staff worked hours overtlme the first night and all day Sunday without overtime remuneration such as Is paid the customs inspectors. Mere ships entered pert en Sunday, and the over worked Inspection force get little time even for sleep. On Ellis Island Harry R. Landls, Assistant Commissioner of Immigra tien, was bcslpgcd by assistants and In spectors and lawyers representing ar riving clients. His desk was piled high with official papers for examination, de cisions and signature. It didn't leek as though he reuld ever wade out be neath the mass of details presented for his immediate qctien. Ingenious Devices Used te Circumvent the Law When a newspaper caller wedged in and contrived te ask questions between telephone calls and messengers bring ing fresh questions und masses of docu ments Mr. Landis managed smilingly te say : "Our present predicament in han dling this rush is due in part te the workings of the new law and In part te the wave of economy In Congress. Last year we had 772 people In our person nel te lmndle the incoming and bunched flood of nliens. This yenr we hnve fewer than 400, Including the inspect ors, a reduction of CO pr cent. "Our staff during the next five months, In which time we expect the Immigration quotas of the most re stricted countries te he exhausted, will have te work overtime long hqurs and witbeut,extra compensation. The the ory j Congress, of course, wu thai WxsSUf&JmmA' -I, , 0 0b : -. ik HksPiK3- enter Mfi ' ' :CVfl I Land uHPtyflftSflSsBHiHiH ., yjsjBjsjsjsjsjsjsjsjsjsffgayAj WKtBM ml T BBMMSggai. 'BpprjaBaggae"Bw )gasvJv KKBspsjgKH wn m M h 'hS- 1 ?Y'J ,VC HseKH te. '. :.m S .' M 1 H; :m '. re- . f. 1M-W1 - .s- the law fixing definite quotas of im migrants from the vnrieus countries would se greatly reduce the number that the former force of empleyes would net be required. The law has net worked out according te calculations. It Is net what Congress expected or intended. "As a matter of fact, se many ingeni ous nnd devious new methods have been invented te beat the immigration allot- ments of various countries' that the added work makes us very short-hnmleil. Rebert E. Ted, "We encounter some decidedly hu morous cases, as well as tragic ones, in making the law fit the circumstances I that arise. ' "Lately five Italians who came ever te make America their very own oyster found that they couldn't get in ac cording te their original plans as .the quota was exhausted, be they took counsel together en what te de. "They announced with their best flourish that they were traveling artists, admissible undqr the ,law, honcstepera and vaudeville singers, One of the al leged singers' swore by the, Btatue of " ' 1 y-,-i;,V-i,' rKW ;5v ' l I"Jg lMBHWaaaaMaaaWI I :: K i, .: :.:'."-: A' ' V .ggHliiilggHgH? V, ' - Baaaaaaaaaaaiyt -' 5 S '"ggggK; ttJuXtHfC.?, ,'aaaaaaaaaKv '.''jsggggl'Vi'J "".'-K" Z V"' ' ; t ggB(V' ""''- 'H : ' X igggW-V- VA ?V, tsl,"-isiftV.,", , '.SaaaaaaBK " -- ) BL''':tWl' i"'.i gH ggfttH?; AsjgggHVJgHgngggHL &Ut', .SaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaBBlBaW&ntaiHaBaaBHaBIBaaaaaaaaaaaai " 'w t. fifglLiiiiilLLiiBKSHHraaalalaSlH '. ' ''. JaHaWalaaalalalalalalalalaHHiW ilfifMpMpUgjHHHgggggllllM 4t'itTr-iXi. ' '. s . " t T TSii i r ' - fflgflggflgfggfliiggggggggg C , A-'S&Z2Z?kt h'' HHmLlalalalaalalalalalalalalaH I m"- , 1 VitBsialiiaMaiiiMW t&&.&trxiYJt : -7-r . iTVV;r"fflW .r-. vs-L Liberty that he could put the late Enrice Caruso te blush. "We were at first stumped, but as we hed decided suspicions because of the appearance of the quintet, we nsked them te demonstrate their tal ents. We were especially anxious te hear the fellow that made Caruso a cabaret hingcr by comparison. Calllnci for proof of their powers rather stumped them, as it was wholly unexpected, but they saw It through. "They were a tcrrlble crew of 'artists.' The show they put en was one of the funniest things In the annals et kills Island, especially the centrlbu , tlen of Caruso's rival, who reared like I 1...11 j . ti. ' , .CU Jlke a bull end seemingly made up his airs Commissioner of Immigration and-words as he went along, as he was shy en. roles. We thanked them when they hed finished nnd tent them bucK te sunny Italy. They afterward laughed themselves and enjoyed the joke, al though the steamship company didn't. They were inertly manual laborers. His Canadian Oil Business a Herkimer Barber Shep "Anether arrival from, Italy, a rather attractive chap, put up a geed leslcal niurj mhii iiv u uni uup me caeese and eWlnes, Wgts.d, merely J story that he was' going into the cheese VP '" 'f :flSBSSSaSSSSSH rs '','JggHlggU 1 fR II- & ' ' , yiijiii A mmk V- 'ePlll ii.ilJuiBKKrlrsN.0 e Okl Wm mWm&mfflffl88s&M2m tiaflaaWn MSmtn JnwH Ab 1 n Wiw9tMmijiM8Jw HBaUalaBESlf 1 . '.iJMffiHBI' I tK.nwZirw'"S3BaMSt3SBSflBWIMV h mn8&&JBMmim i nwniMi mil wmmuiimx mm gggggggggW'?iS5V-y '' ' ' " i'l'Ult- .'J ggtgaaaagKv?4 -t " .. i Bealaiaaim'.! rt"ii- wished te use our country as a stepping stone In transit. He was almost con- vlnclng. 'A witness came down from Herk mer, N. Y te plead his cause also, but their wires get crebscd somehow. The witness was se eager te get his friend en American soil that he spilled the entlre pet of beans. II itm . uuy,- no said, 'there is barter shop all ready for him Herkimer.' a fine up at "They boy wi nr i,n.,iji i. about our work We .j . r ,'"" &JP Jg, -JjuJ K -...". ..:. . ".' "-"-"iricci -" don't think wejare. We are hound" by these new immigration ' laws net by red tope.. We work rapidly Jhere and redr.tape8ugge8ts slowness or,, worse still,' ' bone'-headedness. "Oncevin a while some clever lawyer trying te get, some' immigrant Inte the country or te expedite scttlement-ef an unusual case where en the face etit Congress"' has decreed the person may net enter, cooks up a heartrending yarn about his, client. His story be comes public and many folk swallow Jt hook, line and sinker. Recently the service was attacked publicly three times en supposititious facts that had net ths slightest foundation. "Sometimes the newspapers from one end of the country te the ether will light Inte us all and call us a bunch of, heard -hearted, hard-boiled, solid ivory domed bureaucrats tied down with red tape. Really, and I am an ex newspaperman myself, I wish the big dallies would give us a roll for our white alleys 'occasionally." The Com missioner of Immigration is Rebert B. Ted. Before he left Ellis Island the visitor was shown a bleed-spattered power launch which had been captured (n the harbor a few nights before and In which a defiant rum-runner had been shot te death. "Beeze is net all that is being smug gled Inte the country new," said F. D Altman, one of the Inspectors en duty. "There are 4000 Russians in MmmmMm Cuba who are getting across into the United States by any means possible since the new immigration restrictions bar them out. Under the old regula tions one year's residence in Cuba was sufficient for them te get a passport admitting them te the United States. New it is necessary, under the law, for them te live in Cuba five years before they can obtain a passport. "Seme of thcin are getting in Just the same without passports. Sailing crnft that ere paid for it will teke them ns sailors and set tbera down In small beats off Hattcras or along the coast down te Flerida where they con trive te get ashore. With all the pre cautions taken it is hard te get them all." The ships new arriving nt New Yerk harbor leaded with immigrants are like the Tower of Uabel be far as confusion of tongues is concerned. The racing King Alexander, for example, In addl addl tlen te 520 Greeks brought ninety-three Russians, seventy-one Turks, twenty two Rumnnlans, ene Syrinn, two from the United Kingdom, sixteen Asiatics, Including Persians, one Hellander, eue Italian, twenty-five Albanians, two Btdgarluns, flfty-feur- Armenians, and two Africans. s The, Argentina besides Greeks hr ever a large list of Juge-Slavs, SyriSS .Bulgarian, AiDannns.ana itusslnm. ''.iC Mnntl TrnnnlUmV'nlllL "'"M -- - ?'V?J "' t A ueportatienoT, Aliens . 1JJL Tn tllilHnfiUim.. tk. LL2'jkfl ever and the arrival at' New Yerk' ceif stltute the great adventure of a "lUrc time. 'They are seekers for peace -ifffl prosperity- away from- the eppreiaUtf'j bickering and lack of oppetunltUtioj the lands they heve 'always called het With no peace yet In Europe, tUf J seek a new chance In 'the world $'3 rainbows and , of golden pets, .;) Having learned of the' wenden'eiv America'ttey are-sure that no BtU under what conditions they flndth"eiK, selves they will' fee halcyon by cempi iaen with what they have left. WJwjj'ut' obliged te return because- of tha, ali.' calculations of the steamship llriw.fkt'jg. tragedies te them are almost grtte't-' than they can bear. t $. Many have leaped overboard ' I watery graves en the. way back undeff deportation orders, raiher than-'fiWf; their previous case. ' fl This year the work of sifting ttjvjfi dress from the geld among the imal"' ic emu uiuuug iub in.'. i mere systematic thia)v 3 r, it is declared, bafc'i acking in its pathos ae' Uruuia win in i was last year, will nn hA Inrlclnef in Its comedy. There undoubtedly wMei be many hundreds of aliens sent bteiyv either because of the exhaustion env-' of their resnective nuotes. or becttHf ( of mental or physical defects unjif the. Immigration regulations. This wW cause disappointment te entire fn" '-I lies thnt have spent their life's 1 lngs for the steamship tickets i....-.i ,,... . . . .t. ski uuiueu ineir eriages eenina ieeu -rr m return, their homes and, worst e',! their courage will be gene. l m Immigration officers declare fft, Italian Government has become cefW.i; zant of the troiihlen ilvn this COUOttt ", by the Immigrants, and this jear'iYMf. its own health officials examine ever pmlvrnnf IKafni.A l.a t- m11a.a1 n'halfV i a ship bound for America. I'$ ; Italian health officials believe the tm grant will net be accented oversew. the native is net allowed te beard'th 1 8l'lP- . i.'li" I The Italian quota, of 8000 fer.W (1 firHt month is expected te be Wj!lfl early. The monthly Greek alietw Id .l.n.Ji. All .1 kl. Hmt flflA uitcuujr mini, uiuur iiih v'77iaiJJH from highly restricted ceimtrlfll M nrn xpecieu seen te no nueu "fii)S follews: Russlu, '4323; Latvia., WU J .Lithuania. 402; .Esthenla, 2?0 i, Poland, 4215. , W$ xne uerman,. English ana "H.f3 -s.w.HU .V,- mi., jv M w "J"Vki mcru is scarcely v a. pessiDiuty in," ui worn wju.De n led. '.Net a I ll'l. iM w .4 .. ji'J-K, LWxZtf.A fAlW.ylz&.!&-: L V .1 7 ". &A.'k't:'. t -r, t '.&
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers