. 1 A: BSV I, p 4r AJf . K " Vi j ft ? r .I 'T, ' h i' J.. if f.u IV iW, feC, t; k'Va.! it., fr at atft& FT' ft- ' Be ft : t 1 $ ling Bublic Hebecc JfrJUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY , nCTHfl'H.' K. CtlttTIS, I'nssmrST MO. Martin, Vict Prcald-nt and Traaaurari p a. tfjer. Bfecrmryi t.nar fa 11. j.uainir Elllp 8. Cefttn. Jehn II. Williams. Jnhn J. an, UHnaP. Oeldsmli-t. David 13, Smiley. if. R. PMIIXT. . . ...Editor -C. MAHT1N.. . .Ottmral tlualnaaa Mantsar Halted dally at I'dilic LneBi Dulldlnf inu'PFnacnca square. J'linnncipnia. la CtTT Prjt.rnlMt ntllldln Velte , :t04 Mtullaen Ave. 701 Ferd HulMIn mx ;.. M'iS&i i".wt -jrrr--' - kT. K. iQCll 818 atelr-Drmccrat HuIIJIp I? ft& MWaaOt. imrj rritunt uuuaini Wmbikkten Btaur. i. N E. for. rriniylvan!a Mf. ami Hilt St. t FTaw Toek Uualac The Sun llulldln frloiire-i neiue Trafalrar UullJlnc -w. sfini',nitrfnv tpiium Th BriMiNdiPritia Lwn la'aarved te sub lfiera In PhllatlAlnhla AnH aii-rmiiwllni fnvna 1 lk rat of twelve (IS) cent par week, payable turner. mall te nelnta nntaMn af Tnl1iillnh,A In tilled Htniea. Caneirtti. or L'nlted Stnte no. ,ena. peatai free, fifty (SO) canto par month, IW) dellara prr year, p.vJ'abla in advance. i all foreign reutim, one fill dollar a month. Mice 8ubcrlber wlahlni aiMrtaa chained IV old a nail ns new addrean. JgUjgjWJTAIjiUT Ki:VSTOM. MAIN 60I aQTfUrre all cominuitlealloita fe .tTsliu; fuMle bitdarr. tnitrvrtiittncc Srjuarr. I'hlladrtphui. Member of the Associated Preu TlfB ASBOOr.lTED Pnrs.1 is t-tetaMvlv m M(lM te the ut or republication e oil neu ClOaffhet cresiltcrf te it or net elhcru'Uf crtrfifarf MN taper, and alie thi local ticua publithtd AH rtplifa rf republication of ipceCal dttpatcht ycfi nrt ile rtiirrtd. Philadelphia, ThufiJir, 1 rl.ruar e, K1 PARKWAY SITE IS BEST GEXKKAL opinion in tliis city is t!ainl.v farerablu tti tlie I'nrkwjty Mtc for the fair of lUL'O. This is tlie t-Uv roeoinimnilcil by tlm commission of finjinoeri iinin.tmtt.-tl recently tn tnnltc an impartntl .itnl siirtitlHV sucvey of nil iitnllnbli! Mic. It imsises Inniimorable nilvantasi'.t wlilili c;m In- fnui'il nowhere else. The ,tm-t rtn t iv wutk of tin Rrctit fair ueultl extent a a inniitT f ioiipi ieiipi ioiipi ever rt lnrire part of the Selnn Ikill lUver nn a atd stiimilntn the meveint'iit for an I'MctiMnn of Falrinennt l'ark Meiithwnrd in thu dirw dirw tien of League Island. ,. Thtm the work of reflaitnnen would be started almost immciliately te restore a n't' n't' tJen which, while it ought te be one of the meat attractive city arean, has gradually taken en something of the aspect of an in dustrial slum. Te suppose that all the money ftperit for J treat world's fnir should be devoted te the creation of temporary buililinc and te pro pre Tide a merely transient spei'tiiele is te en en ceurnse an old-fashioned atid cestl? nytem of reaseninK. Murh of the permanent weik ,thnt will be neecsury te eetnpletc the I'ark way building scheme eeultl be curried out a- ' part of the constnietieii program of the fair. ' Tlie Park Itnclf weuhl provide a glorious background te the scene. It is easy te unilerttintl the engenici'.i with Which claims arc presented in behalf of up town and downtown slteti. Hut it ought te be' remembered that the fair will net be u matter of exclusive Interest toRexborough or Seuth Philadelphia. It will net be a mat ttr of exclusive Interest te the city. It will be an enterprise of international interest. And that consideration in mind, it makes it ueceamry that we provide the beat and meK beautiful and most convenient site irrespec tive of the ambitions or hopes of particular neighborhoods. SHALL WE SINK THE NAVY? "PREDICTIONS of a movement in Con Cen X gress te starve the navy, made a day or two age in thetm columns, have been justified with Ftartllmc suddenness. Current dts patehes from. Washington reveal the inten tion of Ileuce and Senate groups controlled , by the farmers' bloc te light for an almost 00 per cent reduction in proposed naval budgets. The general budget nereuary te m.tintnlit the enlisted strength of the navy at a point te Insure the proper handling of vessels al lotted te the T'nlted States under the arma ment limitation agreements would total up up preilmately Jjir-K.OOO.OOO. Tim farmers' Wee has Inspired n demand in Congress te reduce this budget te $2--'.-,000,000. This would mean tt reduction of the navy per sonnel from about 110,000 te about 00,000 men. Thus, according te naval experts, we would de far mere than meet the cuts of the British ami the Japnncse. We would reduce the strength of our remaining navy almost half. The number of ships we keep afloat does net greatly matter if no men are avail able te run them. JERSEY'S SPEEDY DEMOCRATS NO ISSUE likely te touch ,the heart of the proletariat will b left te the Re publicans In Xew Jersey If the Democratic Party managers pan help it. The campaign for the fall elections is already under way. It has been part of Demerratie policy te loudly premise the people light wines and baser and at leaht partial Immunity for boot beot boet leggers, though the deaths, front what the, reporters call "poison rum" continue te in crease in Jersey as they an; increasing almost everywhere else, New, uuder the leadership of Governer Edwards, a move ment has been launched from the Demo cratic side of the State Legislature te i.empel n general establishment of the five cent trolley tare. The question of fair trolley faics is deeplv iavelvctl with questions of railre.id prepert,'. valuation and the changing market values of rallwny equipment and railway labor. Street-car rates of fare are unreasonably ,, ilgh en the 1'ubllc Service lines. The people ' have seuws ground for the suspicion that they are being maintained largely through the nld of political factions. Jtut it ought te be ua clear as daylight that juH fares can be established only through surveys and schemes of management bcieutitically directed and net by any flat edict of a Legislature. There U a chance that the people of New Jereey muy wake up some morning and find that a group of politicians has legjsUtpil aerae indispensable street-car systems into a etate of collapse or bankruptcy. 11J that time, however, the elections would be evet. He the Democratic managers prefer net te think of such a dreary rentingcney. AS POPE PIUS SEES US rpHERU was a nete of gr,iiliusuv.s and ri' A' deee sincerity In the irreetiiiir uhii-h tlm '' new Pepe, Plus XI, extended te tViulinn! O'Gennell. ' ou Amerleans." mi id tl. Pepe, 4,are young in jears but old in wjs- dem. Your Innate qualities of fairness and juetice. your great moral stability and ,iir Infinite riches unke jeu the hope and hhcet anchor of thf world." Americans ,a,t recognize the general truth of bucu ascemeiis net with pride alone but Mrith some measure of an.kty. Te be tae chief hope and the sheet anchor of a wer.d te variously motivated as thu one we happen te Jive In Is te eceupi a position of euraer- ii.m. i , Mjaury reri""""""1 '" one mat is net RPrir rjfrLiyrnny means an assurance of euutlnuiiw kwi iieare unit unaiie; cu joy. mterr.t . -. .. n ii... '',. t"Jf''wVur iiwuimr imiuiviiM are (juite iu W'Sj-OIBpHcoted at the present moment as tlm.e peculiar pi i W?1" " eu,lr 1" "HI''. " l "nv" s JIlUi'M weri, ifffrifJ&Q ether nations hiie. It j.s by no I 1-a)apUcUJy expresse vjs), 0f our own that we re eeea seiccieu te "5111110 tlie ceitii or IKaatlen and lend the win for iue peoples .tfV.eMcr world." The statesman nt aMlU"5Whe..thus irllhli' dellne.1 eiir f, mm:. eeent te realise that it f might he n geed thing for very oue coif cerned If a few of the elder nations would occasionally de n little of their own guiding. If they would de this new and then life might be a little pleasantcr In the United States, and we might have a little mere time te repair the damages done te the ship of stale by storms urtlllclally created by the folk who acted originally without our knowl edge, our consent or our co-operation. A BONUS IS IMPOSSIBLE WITHOUT MONEY TO PAY IT But Ne One Has Yet Found a Satisfac tory Way te Raise the Nee estaryi Funds PRESIDENT HARDING'S insictence that any bonus plan adopted by Con gress must carry with it a prevision for ralrlng the money is statesmanlike. Tt would be better te reject tlie bonus plan altogether than te held out te the soldiers the hope of extra compensation without doing anything te satisfy their expecta tions. The summary tcjecMeti by the President of ihe suggestion thnt the bonus charges be met out of the interest payments en the foreign lean is businesslike. The money lent te the foreign tietcrnnients was bor rowed from the people of the United States, and its pajment was secured by the lsue of bends en which our own Government is new pajlng interest. Every dollar of in terest paid by the foreign Governments should be used l meet the Interest en the demeMir bends, and if any of the principal Is paid that money should be used te reduce the amount of the domestic debt. There ought te be business senc enough in Congress te sustain the President's ob jection te such nn lmpreidcnt course ns is luxelved in diverting te the payment of benums muiie consecrated by ccry piin- ciple of sound linanee te I lie pajment of obligations alieady incurred. L'lm ebjec lien te levying sprcl.il laes te -raise money for bonus payments has led eeral Congressmen te favor borrowing the money en twenty or thirty jcar bends. It is estimated thnt SU.eflO.OOO.OOO would be needed. The interest and sinking fund charges would be nl least $ir0,000,000 a year, Mhlch would have te be raised by taxation. There rises at once the question whether se large a lean could be llented. Ne one thinks it could be floated by ordinary proc esses. When the ceitntrj was nt war and patriotism was at fever heat it was neces sary te resort te extraordinary methods te raise money te maintain the armies. The people were exhorted te lend till it hurt, and many of them did. The bends are net yet digested. Hundreds of millions of dol lars advanced by banks te business men who bought the bends are still owed b t,he borrowers because the business men hne net accumulated enough out of their prellts te pay for what they bought. The soldiers, it is true, might becem bend salesmen and canvass the country for prospective purchasers. They would hae n direct interest in the s-iccess of their campaign, for if it failed they would net get the beilus. The attempt te float a SL'.r.iKI.HOO.dOO lean this year, however, would embarrass the ether llnaneial operations of the Gov ernment. Within the next sixteen month. $5,"00.000,000 of Government obligation" fall due. They cannot nil be paid and the greater part of the nmeimi mut be refunded In another lean. There la $.",,.-.00,000,000 in Vleterv Notes maturing en May L'0, YX, .s that amount of money is net in sight and i-an-net be found, it will be necessary te refund the greater part of the debt by the issue of long-term bends. If the holders of the notes will net exchange them for the new bends, then the bends will have te be sold in the open market in order le raise the money te pay the neies. Then there is $2,200,000,000 in Treasury certificates which fall due at arieus date's during the current year. The-e certificates represent a temporary flenting debt which will have te be changed Inte a long-term obligation In sonic way. because the money te redeem them Is net in sight. And finally S700.000.000 iu war-savings tertlfieiiies fnil due January 1, 1!i2I!. These certificates are held In small amounts by hundreds of thou sands of citizens te whom the pronil-e was made that the money would be paid when it was due. i Congress must face these facts. They cannot be dodged, nnd it mut be admitted that tl.ey present an obstacle in the. wny of satisfactory bonus legislation that will be difficult te overcome. It will requite all the financial genius of which Secretary Mellen is possessed te carry the Government safely through the net sixteen months even if no heavier obligations are placed upon him. If the advocates of the bonus would de vote their energies te finding a satisfactory and unburdenseme way te rake the money te pay It they would advance their cause se rapidly that the preposition would go through Congress by an almost unanimous vote. CHECK ON DISHONEST BROKERS THE recent mortality of Phi'adelphla brokerage houses, some of them with membership in the New Yerk Stock K.x ihangc, makes pertinent the remarks of Sey mour L. Cromwell, president of tlie ex change, at the recent annual dinner of the Association of Siec-I; Uvhaugc I'irins. Mr. I'reinwcll called attention te n.e prar lice of filling in outside accountant te audit the lxeks of the members of the ei change. He continued : Hut new the time has con- u!un h members of the stock exchange must collectively assure tlivmselvis of the con dition of one anetbcr'H affairs. I, for one. stand abselute'v for well a iveular 0 0 amlnatien of the condition of stock , . 'lunge firms There nre c-'itain facts which w must knew about t;ies. firms who carry stocks en marifln for the public; we mast knew the relation between their five capital and their cemmitments: we must knew the obligations wblcli x'.k y have entailed and which may be t.itrlitl h, tlie batiks, anil 'thleh might, due te the ali.ns of leat.s. suddenly brlns tlum te a condition of insolvency; we must knew the ehar.i' ter-of numbered m counts, se that the stock exchange can hit a.s-sured Mat no niemuer-. huv.. sold for Hi ir ,,rtl, account stocks that they ulieuiu be earry .fig for i usiemers One of the dcluiid brokerage houses wim a New Yerk Stock Exchange loniiectlen is i barged with 'cl'ing -tei ks held en margin for customers and concealing the l uiis-i,.-tlens in niiMibeied acieunts. If iu. sjst.i,, of audit which Mr. Ciemwell Miggci, had been in operation the biekeis would net have dared te sell securities belonging te iheic customer", for thev would have known ilna the transaction would bcceniP known nnd Win they would have been suimu.iMly ex pelled from the exchange for violation f ns laws. HOLLYWOOD'S TROUBLES MOVING-l'IOT'Ili: producers with large stakes In the film business an de manding that the Helly weed tnevliig-pieiuie colony be broken up The Majer of Hullv Hullv Hullv woed has nnsvMi'Ctl ibis suggestion v.ilii ,. Lieadsldc iu defense of his cninmunkv. The fact in that theie Is nothing seriously wrong In Hollywood, Outwardly It h one " no .neet attraeure jre!ldenc ceminuni. ties in the United States. The trouble lies with it small community lhat has formed within Iho Hollywood community. In thai. Inner circle live a minority of the. glided youth of the films. They live in nn atmos phere of excessive lelsure and burning money. Most, of ihc scandals that have, been troubling movie financiers nnd filling the newspapers represent nn inevitable result of the efforts' of members of the inner colony te esenpe a sort of boredom that Is known only te the very Idle nnd very reckless rich. As Mr. Ilrenen has observed, much of the recent news from Southern California ha. been bail for the moving-picture business. Hut it ought net le be necessary te break tip Hollywood. More work and less money for the actors might help. After that there might be n school of behavior for n few of the lovelier screen stars and their mothers PEPPER AS A REPUBLICAN IT WOULD be hypercritical te find fault with Senater Pepper for making a par tisan political speech nt a dinner In h6ner of se ftreng n partisan as William llarnes( of Albany. Mr. Uarnes is a Republican. He has been influential in the councils of the party. He wen his place by qualities of leadership which irritated his opponents and com manded the admiration of his friends. Ne better statement of the achievements and spirit of the Republican Party was ever mnde than that which he wrote us the introduc tion le the Republican national platform In 1012. Se although Senater Tepper was an ad mirer of Roosevelt, against whom the Re publican organization was arrayed In 1012, and although Mr. Dames fought Roosevelt, both Pepper and llnrncs arc Republicans In terested lit the success of the Republican Pnrty and convinced that It is better quali fied than the Democratic Party te serve the Natien. Senater Pepper wcnl te Albanv lnr ulght as the representative of the Repu bans of Pennsylvania te pay a tribute te one of thu ablest Republican leaders of New Yolk, and te justify his faith in Republicanism. Incidentally he recognized Governer Spretll as the Republican leader of this: State, a leadership which littler men are trjlng te dispntc. But his speech was for the most part a hearty justification of the course of his party in national affairs. Ne ether kind of n,specch would have been se fitting nt u Republican love feast. Society has se far sue- I uderwerld War eessfully waged a de- ' fenslve war en the Individual criminal and criminals in gangs; but new that bandits, bootleggers, silk thletcs. auto thieves nnd ethers arc word ing in large nnd well-organized bodies with new nnd efficient tools It is evident thnt society has te adept different methods. As things new nre the criminal Hun appears te think nothing can step him. Other crim inals have aforetime hail such ideas knocked out of them, nnd hltery will repeat itself. An English church has It Builds Churches been built with the brick from the grand stand of nn old rare track nt Newton-le-Willow. which is te be replaced by a better course at llavdeck Park. Seme may think this wrong ; but here, ut least, it is demon strated that difference of opinion makes mere than horse races. SHORT CUTS P. R. T. hands are hand nnd glove with Mitten. The unlucky thirteen has no terror for the new calendar advocates. It's a cold day when the Southern Cali fornia!! isn't bragging about the climate. Seme of In't year's excess temperature may be needed this year te preserve a decent average. The heat engendered by discussion ever a site for the big fair may later be utilized te boost the final selection. P.audlts are said te use ceilain saloons in Clilcige ns check rooms for their re volvers. All modem conveniences. "I Imagine 1 am spoiled some myself," Laddie Bey is made te say. If he were, one couldn't blame the peer tyke. Portugal new has if eighth Govern ment in a year. Why net end the uncer tainty and agree te have one a month? It will still appear te the thoughtful thnt te sign a treaty without impairment of sovereignty is te eat a c.ike ami have It. Ex-service men In Congress have re opened the fight te bring Bergdoll back te the United States. And just when we weie beginning te forget liim! We learn from Washington that the President "grasped the situation by the forelock." It is evident, therefore, that the situation needed a haircut. It may be that the Washington Con ference ale proved thai Arthur J. lialfeur is net the ceid. Indifferent cuss, the Eugliu parngraphcrs have made hnn. Chinese delegates in the Arms Confr Cenfr Confr ence profess themselves as being pleased with what happened in Washington, Ne higher testimonial could be paid. "Splendidly simple;" said Senater Ledge as he signed himself '('iti.en of the United Slates." "Se dammd simple as te be almost arrogant." "aid Mr. Reet. In statement brief and true still apt Is Ellhu. The New Yerk singer who unwittingly killed a cat by djeing it blm te mutch her draperies and was pni-ecuted by tie S. P. C, A. new has further nppiecliitieu of the discomfort attendant en striking a blue note. It is said that some rciluuien m the personnel of the army and irivy will result from the Arms fent'eience agreements, but that they will be of "reasonable relativity." This may mciii that when Congress see's a light the raj may be a trltle bent. After all it is Philadelphia that is le held the fair: and the debate ever the site is between Phllnddphlan.s; net by League Islanders ami Penny packer Parkers ami Tacenians. It is only in the heat of debate that the fact Is occasionally lest sight of. A v.emun iiilsieiuir who had cooked thicken three times a "lav even- day for two vears 1ms arrived in New Yerk from Seuth Africa with her husband, v. he ate the fowl nml enjoyed tl. She prcpaics chicken iu twenty -two difterent ways, she mys. We knew a dressmaker who gees her better by several points. Women of the Syracuse. .V..Y., Pres bytery, being denied the -right te diun with tin men at a filmier in honor of ihe mod erator, coiitpieniised by holding a luncheon apart from them, but simultaneously. This will grieve the militants. Par better it would have been if they had refused te i . ok the dinner fee the men. Dr. Adelf Leienz was "rejuvenated" h, an opeiatleli before he left Vienna for tl'iis ceiiutij . The "aged" lir. Lerenz. vv ur" lurthcr informed. Is sklv -seven. Tlsh, lush, ami likewise pooh ' Then! are younkers of that age en every golf course ami en ever se iiuiiivt. t iiiiIh ieuiis; strong men of I lull age beginning careers of statesman ship and taking bold of big executive jobs. Wherft de they get hut Vaed" tUuff? i CEMENT PA9T AND PRESENT Water Oendulta of- Epheaui and Smyrna Built of Material That Haa the Mederns Guessing Great Roadbed Controversy By GEORGE NOX MeCAIN T) S. MncBRIDE, engineer for the Tort- land Cement Association, told me a short time hack that the growth of the ce ment Industry Jn recent years is something remarkable. ' I've been looking it up, nnd Mr. MacDrlde didn't overstate his case. Between J SOS and 1018, a matter of twenty years, the value of the .production leaped from approximately ."2,500,000 in the entire country te $4-1,000,000 in Penn sylvania alone. In half a century, from 1S50 te 1809, Europe furnished the country with pretty much all the IVrtland cement It used. It was net until ISO" that the production of the American article equaled in amount that of the imported. In that year we manufactured 2,272,071 Jjftii"2.0 Portland cement and imported 2,000,700 barrels. It was the first time in our history this and been done. Foreign cement has never been able te rcgnln the ground it then lest. piIirYDELPHIATn usual, led the -L country in displaying lis faith in the home-made article. Prejudice, festered by foreign manufac turers and helped along by our crude meth ods of manufacture, nided in creating dis trust iu the value of the American cement. Perhaps It wasn't se geed and se attrac tive looking as the foreign article thirty years age. Tl"t accounts for the fact that In 1803 only r.00,000 barrels of Portland cement were manufactured In the entire ceuntrv. One of the first buildings of any size in which the American cement was used ex tensively wa, in the Drc.xel Building, at l' iftli and Chestnut streets, this city. Before that, however, Captain Andrews, of Allegheny City, who was the construction chief for James B. Kads when he built the Mississippi jetties, used American cement in that work. Anether drawback te the introduction of American cement was the cost. It could net, nt first, be manufactured se cheaply as the foreign product. That helped te intensify this prejudice ngainst If. The last qunrter of n century has seen the marvelous change spoken of by Mr. MacBrlde. Pertlan.1 cement by the million barrels is turned out In this country, with thu result wini tin tercign product lias been practically driven from the market. 'TWERE is one thing about this new - universal necessity in construction in dustries, no one lias yet been able te pierce the mystery of the cement of the ancients. Samples used by the ancients have been analjzed with unsatisfactory results. Seme years age cement from the water conduits about Ephesus and Smyrna were subjected te chemical analysis. They all were found te be quite similar in composition. This was noteworthy in view of the fact that the waterworks from which the speci mens were taken dated from a period several centuries before the Christian era te 1500 years after. Chief among the constituents of these samples wan carbonate of lime, having mixed with it from 2 te S per cent of organic ma terial. Tin latter was found le consist of a com pound of fatty ncids. Experiments te discover the secrets weie made. A cement made of burned lime and linseed or olive oil did net prove permanent. A mixture of two-thirds of nlr-slnked lime and one-third olive oil hardened well and showed great endurance. It wns considered likely that this was, in part at least, the secret of the ancient ccmeuts. THE popularity of cement as a building material has advanced tremendously iu the lust decade. In the matter of read-building, the same is true. The asphalt interests have been opposing the notion that cement highways arc the most durable nnd desirable. Automobiles (.ml motertrucks have revolu tionized read-building. Seme months age I noted the fact that the Highway Department of Pennsylvania proposed te confine itself te concrete as the most desirable material for permanent, smooth nnd satisfactory reads. Asphalt advocates at once took issue with this nnd set forth the admirable qualities of asphalt highways. WE. ROSKNGARTEN, traffic engineer of the Asphalt Association, declared thut: "An nsffliult surface provides net only n wearing course, but a cushion that nbstirbs the shock Impact and reduces the shattering effect en the rigid main structure of the Street." New comes Mr. MncP.ridc, who says, as the apostle of cement : "The Bureau of Public Reads has found, after an exhaustive series of tests, that compared te the amount of Impact nbsnrhed by the rubber tire of the vehicle, the amount taken up by the asphalt surface is negligible. "The characteristics of a street pavement urc determined by the materials of which it is made. "The universal use of cement as the foundation, or base material, for city streets place the vast majority of American city pavements In tlie class of rigid pavements. "This Is net accidental, but the result of long years of expeilence in every section of the country." '"pIllS Is net a oen'.ottiiini en emenl A pavements or rigid highways. Far be it. ,when tlie finest cnginceiing skill and common sens,. 0f great Slates are seeking te secure the brt (mnterial for the best reads, that I should mix In. Let Gisirge II lilies nnd ether eminent technicians like him boil their own mutton in that regard. But W. E. Resenearteu dlcuset asphalt reads in October last with me, and new Mr. Macllrlde talks eeimnt 1 ighwnys. Summarized, some of h0 geed points of which every vveH-lmllt loncrete pavement Is a visible demonstration, as Mr. MacBrlde would say, nre: "Ease of traction, fompaiutlve low first cost, durability, dustlessness. "Safety (non-skid nnd ease of illumina tion and high visibility at uightl. "KitfC of maintaining in a clean nnd sanitary condition, freedom from patcutu nnd revnltles, nvnilublltv of materials re. quired In its construction, "Cheap less and ease of maintenance, suitability, for widening or repavlng with new cement. "The facility and neatness with which openings nmy be closed : et cetera ei ( otera, et cetera. " Immigrants Shun the Farm rreiii I'eini I.'f- It Is slgnlllcaut that Ihe number of for-elgn-bern while fanuc-s jn this country decreased 'sS.OOti, or about Hi per cent, during the lust ten years, in the same period the number of native-born while farmers, as well a-, tin number of colored faiiueis. Inci cased These figures, given out by the Cciipih Department, show beyond ileubt thnt the men who have been coming here fi"in Kurope hnve been keeping away from Ihe agricultural districts. There arc new nearly a million farms lir the country eiperated bv fanners edassed os colored, e'f thi'si. there nr 10,000 Indians, about "000 Japanese, le-s than it Iheusntiel Chinese, MI vest belli-; Negroes, The greatest percentage of nativMern farmem Is In West Virginia ..m.I tVirt a tut Vu-aWJualltlafrA ilF TtWItl tft l.s. - 1 II ill J H" Hfiara "IH tea) vaajai- ulfH I Uae In "Vfiptli Tifilrfaa i - l. SVS!y.-fH-ffia-S "T ilh'BMaY-v. iJr .ClT JKl t VSPHraffi'QfllRTeU' fij!it-R-liPdBH9 jVT rW I b!'aHB ws" f m r 1 IaF4rWH-tlLBEi' ' jfc fc!7',lHBfa- I NOW MY IDEA IS THIS! Daily Talks Willi Thinking Philadclphians en Subjects They Knew Best JUDGE JAMES E. GORMAN On the Child and the Law THE position of the child before the law has improved tremendously in the City and County of Philadelphia within the last twenty years, and this improvement has in many cuses resulted In nn equally great udvance in the living conditions for entire families, says Judge James E. German, of the Municipal Court. "Philadelphia," said Judge German, "was oue of the first cities In the country te take up the matter of Ihe relation of the law and the child in a really important wav. The women of the community played a tremeneleiis part in the crjsinlli.atidn of sentiment for this improvement, under the leadership of Mrs. Frederic Scheff and ethi'r public-spirited women, in fact, I doubt if without their aid the Improve ments would have come nearly se seen ns they did. The Old-Time Juvenllcf Offender "It seems almost incredible new, but iu these days children who were nrrested were treated in exactly the sanu manner as adults. They were taken bj the police officers te the station houses, given hear ings by the magistrates und sent te piisen when convicted. In about the year 100."), there were- no fewer than ."00 e-hllelren under sixteen J ears of age confined iu Moya Meya mcusing. "Mrs. Scheff get Judge Beiller interested in the matter of the reform of these abuses, nml I was asked te net as juvenile mugls mugls trate and hear nil eases- of ehlldieu. I wns very glad te de this, and seen the first Heuse of Detention In the United States wus established at Fifteenth anil Arch streets. Here the cases of the chlldieii were heard entirely uvviiy from tliese of adults. "Juilgc Lindscy bad undoubtedly blazed the way by his Denver court, but our was the first te he established in n large cltv where conditions were entiiclv different from tlie-e in u city the sle of Denver, owing te the immense population of Phila delphia and the cosmopolitan character of that population. We hud trouble ut first with the police, who were1 net lu-ctwenud ... 1...I t.nl.ii. t1i. r.lltl.l,.... ti, flu, lt.kilk.. .tl ,r CI IMfe.UK ,,i- ' iiiiiui l " ." ..'i-i- wi . Detention, nnd with some of the magis trates: but these iiltlicullle-' were -non t'-uiglitened out and we had In this fit v the first laige and Mibstiiiilial Juvenile Court procedure. 1 heard about ."OOII eases each year at that time. The Cases In Ihe Courts "We had a few probation officers whose salaries were palel by private i-untrlmitlens. 'Ihe cases sent te flic criminal courts were still tried In the same manner as adult hms because there was nn legal prevision for tieatiug llicin otherwise, except that one daj a week was set aside for them. The decisions of the Judges in these mutters were final, whether it involved discharge or im prisonment. "The need of something iliflercnt s,Mm became apparent, and when the Municipal Court w-us organized the juvenile cases wen: handed ever te it. In fact, ein. of tlie main reasons for the establishment or this court was the cases of the ehlldieu. The e-euil liiinilled the cases of till children fiem the initiative te the final dispositien: Hub sequent acts enabled the court te extend Its functions m us te include tru.uicv and dependency ctise-s. "In the meantime the County of Phlla delpliln liad erected the Detention Ileu.e a' Twenty-second nnd Arch streets. Clauses of Children's Cases "There are three general classes under which most of the juvenile- cases come. 'lhes0 are delinquency, elepemlencj and tiuiinev. The first "t these include., mej eases as children brought Inte court for some of the miner violations of (he law uhjci- il,ey t.siiallv commit. Dependency is w,p t,v are brought Inte court en a petition m.ii'. lug that they are homeless utiel without means of support. Truancy is simply sluv lug away from school unexc-useij "But the casus of children freimenllv rilav an important part In the living condition's of a whole family. When a child Is bieiu-l i into court there liiiiiiedliitiv fellow nn hi vesicatien of its fuiiiliv m tin ,.,. tiens of Its home, the alinesp,er(. , ,' iclghbeirboeel and ihe whole environment ,,. the child. H Jhat the Judge-, kiie v 8 c of every .'hild being present In Ch cSiwi "This prewliifi t4. te Biiikf parent.-, THE STRUGGLE . far mere careful than thev formerly were ef the welfare of their children and the conditions under which thev live. They knew new that there will be a careful in vestigation of conditions' about which no one formerly carcel und that they as parents will be hehl icspensible; for such conditions ns they might have rectified and did net. im1- l't"llt'',ls which are almost impos sible in homes are thus brought te the atten- tit'i proper ngi'iieics through the A Familiar Tragedy "There is one familiar tragedy with which the ' -Juvenile Courts ceine- constantly hi con cen ict. ' ,u i, when 'a father dies, leaving tin mother and several children iu n home lie custemed le every comfort, but without ii eugli money ( .ont'nue it Iu that manner with the brcad-w Inner gene. There are -V ve V,V Jt'i" f'"' tl'" "ielher te de: cither ".?,."' "',", lu,n"' "' Ke out te work, th. ,M!TnIlv I"'"', ,,m's "' "'"r. h-aving ,i " ""'-g l'c day without the f,' ? '"'V.'-eiihl l'--c. '('hey invariably ge't In i,iisch.f or wens,, and sooner r later .. e,.,t,r,iW''V'f""' "l" 'ventle Courts, wv t v 'h'hliqucil.'y or the dependency ' ici . -in V !'"' ''"!'N f'"" ,,,k" '" ' Ir ,i, i V""1 !"' ,l"'11' M'eiises at some e I, ''r'.1'0'1 ''"li!i. hut there is no law in Pennsylvania under which the ee.inl, can help ,he mother bv' pavi g her the(Sa.ne ,, ,wU u ,ia,s' ,,,. ,,,",1 i'n-2:,",Ti,?.rPM,,!rrnI,.y .'"".' 'f '"h am,; f Me"'ers' Pension Law came along II few years age; but the -ltnirni.!., tieii, one-half of whieh'ls al lbv e lt , I. '""' 'e "Ihor half by ll!c ceT.utv. 1, meager that it does net begin te take care et all the cases. It is ,i rMit L fn us it gees. b, it doc' ,,Jt go far enough!'1' The Solution of Depcntleiicy "Te my mind, the solution e.r th- whole r'lee," ,'if ,,',-,"!"'"'"'.v Hi Phila.lehdila s te Keen lie iner lim-j ..t ,i. I.,,, . Ktffl Vr ';'' 1- their liun,, !!:emtr!luTe',r,:Xre,:',,Anur0ih .an be elone bv rH Itij. the court iu nor tv te stangirs le t t Ii J.. ,.,. WulIi . lie matter came ,, .-e.0 ,n'0 , . Legislature i,d was defcalcl. ' "" Ihl- tin..- te eufer into tl. e I . e , ls u' whlel, I'' ''' "' ""' 't'0''""1 "f '- " iii w hlch is s Imnertant k, t, f,mm ei J.e..ship , the Slate , will eulv'n hat , passed, this bin ,,..,, , lowed the courts te maintain ,anv a he ,,c which bus lieeii d's-ueled and sav'ed tl w. har-H'ter, of man, children a , t one cent mere cost i ,. si.it,. ,, ce ,,, , fl,nl, iinde-- the proem s.vs, 0U,,t tIln" "It is no dnplientieii of the .Mothers' Pension Law. and t. work under he we jets would net i .., ,, hrX iluplicate Then. j nu,r , M ,,' tnrv solution of the deprmle n," " .1 ,', "mil sun,,. ai..,,Uic legal prevision Lee lb. mother where s, belong,-., ,,, ,,,. ehlhlren-.s made by th, Slate TeVal Today's Anniversaries l.l-Thc Itev. Charles B. Sl,.,r, wis jin-'i:!:;..,St axii'te!, 1111.1-Congress ,n j0,lt sewi, ,.,,, he vote of tl,.. I 'ecteral College and e .hue Today's Birthdays Ii Patrick Campbell, a celebi-itn.l .. Geerge Aile, noted humorist and nl... vulghtlsuu ut Kentlanel. iLX Geerge II Moses, I'nlled Hit. c- SW.S: ismr "-:S": Jeseph J. ln Id. Nrepiese,nr,.. , . &!H HUMANISMS By WILMAM ATHKRTON DU POT WAY back In 1S07 William .Tcnnlni Bryan get n letter from Japan signed lumnshlta Yoschltere, which called Mm master." and Informed him that the writer wus coming te America te serve him, te tit at hU feet and te learn.. Mr. Bryan wrote back that he regretted that circumstances were such thut It weulel be Impossible for hlin te accept any Jnpanese student and direct his s.tcps up the mount of knowledge. Seme time later he received another letter pest. narke.1 Sun Fiam-isce, saving that Ttnmasliltu had landed en these shores and iH'if ""I'.1'1 !mn'-v " f" Nebraska and permit!" " nS :,'rcl"-'ccs would Mr. Bryan communicated with the Demo Deme Demo erulle committeeman by the Gobi en (late tlm' "te 'u-ach" ife JUr"I"a' s "e had Be Sfliillni littt.M.L. , r --...-.. , i --r. i-MUiu u-en. Milt 'iwikt--City, b ,"' .c,isv.c.r: " :h,:.--'"B JP-new werkii ss, , i :' , "" cnerts were made te e er ic ' Vf '' 'i.Prl ,,i,V- 1,,,n"y. " h ms'elf ., . iK ''. Ilr'vr'" ,l,,er,,ell '! Ami w ur, Lri''"" "l0"",r '""l showering her ml nmvnh 11're,,',Ilti"1'? of devotion as ire circles-! ".'ntleiml .Middle Weit Jm" Msl,'iv.,?t,'p f i!t "!,s 1Ilnt Y..mnShltn: h.K;,;hVe M,im r '" " -J em intTSrrbfeeS. rCtl'le(1 ,he m, Vn'.l.'ri,.!." ev:V,,lbt;r v"-'.'.hltn returntdte Peace Se,.i;.t,U "",''; the JapaneS these fi,. ' tJ lu 1",s k'1' in AVnslilngten Orien I. , "' ,,,IIS ,,ta ".elates from tie peare'teV' l!.rt,,fe,,'- -I"? veteran SlinkM- ml B,r.. ' l",llce l'hijetl with Beeth t, ! 1' l" Uvl",K ,lu,c'y I" Waslilnj- t this season, Wicre he went te liijli V He riWi 'J80' V" cnt up te he "I Met a VoeK" ' "0t '"S US "ml Mtd Cen'nsia!:'n 'V'r lai" wclnr of the &!:? att.tbe NutI" w Cemresst,'!,,,,t '.'.'!V''!' ,,v-kV '"' 'mbelicvjnj iimiii, ' t , 'at ftllls'l' "re, fundj meutallj, much like sausage'" Sfeuar't1 V ''" J0U lWliuV' wrM Mr.' i,iuc,h"wS!",f.,,";'r ''Tendabillty ,c,t prettj """" "'"' "'e man who makca thciaV" What De YouKnew? QUIZ Wl.',',L,r!T,' "U ,th" I'mprws Kugenl l, . ',.' wllc" vL-tltlriBr Kratice in the .... i1'1-'1, yeara of her life? iuppluc' h".,ernltIlul"l',al sjnibcl for What Is aceilla" What Cnbliiut olllce is new held by for fer nier honnter Full? Uhe Is Konc Bazlnv lu what nation dlil Fluine belong befera the World War.' What is a licentiate? What Is replevin? Whcre und what Is the Dsad Sea In travcllni; westward around the world. is u day le.st or Rallied? Answers te Yesterday's Quiz Ne Hemoeratle Presidents of the I'"'15 .States dlul lu e-lllce, Ihe two plurals of the word gUdlelW are Kl.idlell and glailleluses. harnh Klddeus was en,, of iim most cele- Jiinit.il uctresscs of the Kiiglbli step. Her dittos nre 1 7." .T-l s:; l. , lhe;saiiP(lliiu la a i,,,, evergreen SeuUi American trce.' Its fiull, also call" s.ipedlll.t, has iv sub-acid pulp hlW;, .1,-uiin u iur uvsueri iu inu ii. Indies. It tul.tM freni tiine te eleven hours u sieaiiislilp te prisa tlireiiKli t" I'ananm ('anal. . , Tha Heche of u church Is a ulemUr rwh CHiieclally at the midsection et li Jehn Ad.inis was the longest Uvea w American Presldeiim. dylntf en JaWA 1S2, at tlie uge of ninety yens. t'1. months nnd a few clayu. , ... Pnrilie.il 1. in. it., te it,. fi..li-i,nt of mu Ireland. ,... Tlm Stutu of California, has Kurtka A Have JAnind lt"l as Its iuet(i. jrfjj mu evuvina. until 1 1. 'illy -Known .-nri iiuimu,- is naiimi uiier v "Oca" Is Ihn ltMii,.ii ueni feistliat'.t v . 'bBti j w a.V:Mjtiul ft i&l& -..-, . .-j. u,. ..A.Si&k tfw mft-wtftfrtifr &Y,ii'i Ls-,-.. , . A &f:ifi;.it.M.i.iis .. ' . . I MiTffl"! ""''" fM kA --ftafe . .fa.--l-Sg.! i -iiM-ffa it ' . "la" Is a common suffix. ' M
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers