". vf f mi i 8 turning giE& SEWw I'UfltIG LEDGER COMPANY crnus h. tc cunTia, rassiDSJsr. Gee. W. Och. Secretary! John C. Martin, TreaeurerJ Charles It. Ludlngton, rhlllp S. Colllni, John I). Wil liams, Director!, " EDITORIAL COAIID t Ctaos It K. Otitis, Chairman. P. n. WHALEY Bvteullre PJItor JQMttC MAltTIN General nnelnees Manater Published dallr at 1'LMta LEMtn Building, Independence Square, Philadelphia. Ltcats CsxrniL , , Broad and Chestnut Street Atlantic Cur, .Frets-Union Dulldlnc Nr.w Totit i. 170-A. Metropolitan Tower Cmoiso , .. ..817 Heme lnmirance tiulldlnir London 8 Waterloo Flaee, Tall Mall, S. TV. NEWSDUIlEAfS! Itrminrno Ilraric ..... The ralrtot ItulMlnir Washington nvsiAU ,,., .,, The Poet llulldlnx Nan Tokk ncr.EAO. . .. .....The rimea nullities Until Ji-jbtuu , bo Frledr!chtraM Iinpon Mtticiu ... 2 Tall Mall Kn.t, H, W. I'aris Huiead... 33 Rue Loula le Urand suns cnirnoxTEnM s By carrier, Dailt Out, elxcenli. Bs mall postpaid c-utslde of Philadelphia, except wheie forelRn pofiare l required, Dilf.l Oxit, one month, tnenty-flve cental Dailt Oslt, one year, three dollars All mall tub acrlptlona payable In advance BKtt, 3000 WALNUT Kk STONE, MAIN 3000 I EOT Adduces all communications to Eienlng ' Zdffrt Independence Square, Philadelphia I xvtcud at TBI rmt.Ann.rHU roe-rorricB ab second- I CUII MAIL SIATTtn. rniLADELTIIIA. FItlDAY, DPCLMBI'lt 4, 1914. Citizens or Serfs, Which? PRIVILEGES imply duties. Citizenship is a privilege, and to fall of tho sequent duty Is base and cowardly. Somo of the greatest problems that liavo ever confronted Phila delphia are now awaiting solution. They involve tho presont honor and tho futuro development of tho city. If faced and settled aright, Philadelphia can take Its placo among the great municipalities of the world; if evaded and shelved, the very llfo of this splendid metropolis must be poisoned and strangled. "Words cannot be minced. The housing conditions In some parts (i? this city are a flagrant outrage upon human decency and a blot upon civilization. From the stand point of business our traction problem Is equally acute. The mcro Inconvenience of travelers is only trivial. Tho outstanding fact is that Inadequate transit facilities are on Indubitable strangulation of the social and Industrial llfo of the community. There aro two parties to every wrong; tho ones who perpetrate It and the ones who sub mit to it. If the citizens of Philadelphia by their quiescence permit these conditions to continue they will bo recreant. This city belongs to the citizens and to all the citi zens. And tho citizens must wake up and speak out. Men who aro silent under injus tices are no better than serfs and doservo nothing better than tho hovels and alleys to which serfs have always beon relegated. This fight for the rights of the people can not bo fought and won by a few big-hearted, chivalrous men. Tho citizens thomsolvcs must throw off their lethargy, stand shouldor to shoulder In serried array, demand, not petition for their rights, and malto all dollar marked and tax-eating obstructionists do their will or got out of tho way The day for the soft-voiced, bended-knea supplication to rulers has passed: rights must be taken by those to whom they belong. Sun'lght and fresh air were granted by tho Almighty to all men, and It is a pretty pass when trie citi zens of a great city In a free republic must cringe before Councils and plead for their birthright. The franchises of tho city belong to the citizens, and it Is a pitiable sight when the citizens must plead against the denial of their own possessions. Stadium Plans Well Under Way THE plans for a monster stadium aro now well under way. Mr. Ellis GImbel and other public-spirited citizens have taken hold of the enterprise with their accustomed vigor and energy. That the structure) should bo municipally owned and administered is clear, but It is Just as apparent that the financial features of tho situation are sufficiently ex cellent to warrant public subscriptions to a bond Issue in the ovent of a hitch In Councils delaying too long the beginning of the work. The enthusiastic reception accorded the program Is a guarantee that it will be car ried through. It Is time to do away with the reproach that Philadelphia Is without rropor accommodations for games and athletic events of tho first magnitude, and especially to meet the needs of the Army and Navy and make this tho permanent selection for their great game In November. Thero is a spirit of enterprise and do-it-nowness In Philadel phia that will be productive of unprecedented eohlevcment during the next decade. Not Without Honor Save mjrlE marines are back from Vera Cruz (Jand with what a welcome! No flags, though Philadelphia had them for a football came. No speeches, though there were words enough at the many recent banquets. No public acknowledgment from this goodly sea tion of the American public that some fellow Americans have come home from a difficult, a dangerous mission, which they have fulfilled with firmness and honor. Perhaps Vera Cms ItllUd too few soldiers. If 2100 Instead of 31 had fallen, the publio might still remember If battle after battle had followed the invasion of a nation nomi nally at peace with America, If the occupa tion of the expedition had not been sq readily jit saccompiisnea, were nuBiii nuye ueen (uieero rffh league island. Mexico t:ity had Deep. ."" iJoUntintK.., - fnni4,nn .acln,' than Thnl.l'nn. 'Vera Crus as they held It the whole country &k wauld have expeoted Philadelphia to turn fgp out for the marines, f WJjen shall we learn that heroes are. not -made n the smoke of battle alone When shall we encourage the more peaceful virtues of statesmanship by rewarding with public aerai-tfm suoh roen FunaUin and .his as)iMT Have Done, With Moping "OftMtf8 the saattvr with America? Lett YflpEir ms tjw question., ihOoh thinks v ft not Knew oyr hefwhsu we are welt oJf An article whleh appeals an this page espratjksji tWs very natural wermet. It ik us Wok like Ingratee, UBapprtattve not offer t wt w are eseapteg in the hard, m4 epA4itae of war, but &Je of tipe roWHlWtesnt bjpinea opportunities which kave bo Uattiwu at our fe Are w? rarity m blind tfeft W W WW JW- W " wm1 A 0tir & o wk tku we esjABot Bat ,b6 tiBlWrr poWWJ ta01sU etonaa of tgUT & " wttm our rujh' We IljaMst ! &m oppenuui Lim (ptH tel! Br "6'il or and : fHS 4, ,4 vmcMSfM uetetoi mm ' M ., . owdbS ut4WHBaV "" SSt'Tsri' . , EVENING LEDaEB-PHIUADELPHIA", ITRIPAY,. DECEMBER g, lOUX of tho United Slates. Order for war sup plies have been placed In America to the tune of $MO,000,000. Trade with nouttal na tions is growing, our factories are steaming up, and many or them cannot keep pace wit1 tho buslnecs revival which Is sweeping tho country. Mayor Blanltenburg, summarizing tho results of nn Investigation, showed that thli activity and this prosperity havo come to Philadelphia and that business is getting livelier every day. "What wo have accomplished In world trado so far has been accomplished without halt trjlng. What wltl happen when the results of real effort begin to show not even nn optimist Is likely to cxaggoiate. Get busy, and get busy quick. Give Us Back Our Ships THE President, it seems, will My tbo whip to forco to nagsaeo the Alexander bill. He proposes to dedicate this government to ship ownership, to put it In the carrjlng Jrade, to discard the clcmontary principle that the business of a government Is to gov ern and substitute therefor tho now propb sitlon that it is tho business of the govern ment to carry on the ordinary processes of trade, to sell transportation, to enter Into active competition with an industry which already, by government interference, has been driven into poverty lane. If occan-catrylng under the American flag li profitable, there is no necessity for gov ernment ownership: If It is not profitable, government participation simply means that tho taxpayers will bo mulcted annually In largo sums. A mania for safety by regula tion, manifested on land by the absurd extra crew laws, has taken the heart out of tho ship Industry, except In the coastal trade, nnd penalty after penalty has beon laid on operation until the burden has staggered and halted all progress and has actually driven tho flag oft the high seas. It Is no solution of tho problem to put the government with its Inexhaustible resources behind an American marine and give tho emaciated body nn appearance of health by means of endless injections of blood In tho form of coin. It Is no solution to throw n weight of money bohlnd the enterprise and force It through without any regard what ever to tho ordinary laws of economy. If our coast and lake tonnago bo Included, Great Britain alone outranks us on the water. At home, whero it has a chance, the American marine has progressed remark ably. On the high seas, where It Is penalized, it is in a pitiable condition. Tho conclusion is obvious; thero must bo an equalization of opportunity, partly by revision of tho crude and obsolete navigation laws now In force and partly by wise protection, incidental or otherwise, to compensate for the better con ditions in wage and treatment which Amer icans demand. It is not a question to bo decided offhand In Congress or anywhere else. It must be approached in n scientific way, with somo appreciation of tho difficulties Involved. The Alexander bill and the La Foltette bill and all the other hodge-podge measures beforo Congress should bo abandoned. There can be no efficient legislation until the legislators havo some real Information to guide them. A commission of experts should be appointed to study tho situation from beginning to end and to recommend a definite policy which will be adhered to steadfastly irrespective of the vicissitudes of political parties. Buchholz on Bathtubs COUNCILMAN BUCHHOLZ 1b against an appropriation to put the housing law Into effect. Ho follows Mr. Segor In believing It to be too draBtlc. Mr. Buchholz, It seems. Is not only a statesman but a philosopher as well. Bas he: "Tou can't teach some of the foreign population the subject of cleanliness merely by installing bathtubs." Mr. Buch holz evidently believes that the way to get people to bathe Is to see to It that they have nothing to bathe In. Shaping the "Punch" of Boyhood OF ALL the "movements" which give good promise for the future of American lite, none Is more Important or more valid than the boyhood movement. We are growing more appreciative of the value of boyhood, and we are showing It in better ways. This does not mean a new love of fathers and mothers for their sons, but it does mean a public recognition of boyhood as a public asset. Philadelphia's hearty response to the appeal for funds to put tho Boy Scout work in this city on a solid financial footing shows how the idea pf conservation has expanded. The conservation of boys and the guidance of their energies, to the end that their potential capacities and powers may rightly be de veloped Into the dynamic forces of the social America of tomorrow, constitute one of the great duties whloh we owe to our experiment In democracy. The corn-growing clubs, rep resented by our youthful guests from Ohio, are helping to make boys thoughtful, re sourceful, successful, strong In character. The Y. M C. A- Is likewise doing a splendid wprk In training boys, through their own efforts, for the fulfilment Of their obligations to themselves and to society. All this is social engineering of a superlative kind The method of social engineering Is as admirable as tjie result, for It applies the old, eternally sound principle of "helping others to help themselves." It enables bos to solve "the boy problem." It works. The idea of Councils seems to be that any appropriation Is extravagant 'unless Jt's for tipstaves. The railroads ought to get the five per eent. increase n rates, and they have managed prelty well to make the commuters vote m that proBOsltton unanimous. After the late relapse tats near-sununer WtMr 9t the Leaden vri&, the threat d agfftMcfe of Jrar, eejd wfatK tn't bo bad after alt. . i una i iiul jii i The Boy Kctttts Hfte4ifee BUMy'aad they set . at wfco wcfcsg te ew H wm boys osmm, awl the Jact that they got Katfg UuU Um bwa wlil sow tine be the AA f they are TkL, (.omprtueuwve SHmn Opmtrtt pr Motd twon o hvtuusly wjlwrt tbt Kiftkiug cft the poverty ory eosiU poMi bly ied lo reJuVou of rCQBsaiM4 won, b4 th psopl of o f the rmnti Um m lae wotrMt ar cettiac vry Ud et HOW THE SOUTH SHOWS ITS POLITICAL SAGACITY Control of Congressional Committees Slethodically Sought and Won. Kitchin, of North Carolina, Sure lo Get Underwood's Ciiair. ByE.W.TOWNSEND WASHINGTON, Doc. 3,-When Mme. Cornucl said, "No man Is a hero to his valet," the un nsluto cynlo felt that he had authority to ob serve that the hero ceases to exist upon Inti mate examination. What the clever lady said could be para phrased "the Venus of Mllo Is not lovely in tlio ejes of an oaf." I am alt ays reminded of this story when I hear the unastuto cynic repeat Tom need's remark, "Tlmnk God, the Congress has ceased to be a deliberative body," as proof that Congress had lost tho freedom to reach its own conclusions by deliberative process: that Its opinions were spoon-fed to It by Its bosses This would bo very 111 If it wero so, or oven If Tom Hood ever felt like salng It were so. What need was calling attention to wns that Congress, ns n whole, had turned over Its deliberations largely, at least, to the many utnaller Congresses of which It Is com posed. Its committees. Tho big committees do the work of Congress; tho sum of their work Is tho sum of the work of Congress; committees aro deliberative bodies, csscrltlally so, and they are, to an extent the public seemi llttlo to understand, non-partisan In their committee rooms All of which leads mo to remark that the South, politically wise In understanding the value of committee contiol, keeps Its representatives In the House until by mere forco of precedence they gain committee rank: that the North, not being politically wise In this respect, frequently changes Its Repre sentative and loics opportunity of committee control. The matter can bo put Into brief form thus: Of tho H big legislative and appropriat ing committees the South has the chairmen of 13, the North of one! I shall say something In detail about that, but Just at this point 1 want to digress to write a word or two about tho majority leadership In the net House, In view of somo amazing outgivings on the subject under the above date line. Kitchin Backed by Precedent It has been written of late that because of this and of that Claude Kitchin, of North Caro lina, will not succeed Oscar Underwood, of Alabama, as chnlrman of tho Ways nnd Means Committee nnd majority floor leader. He will. Ho will, not only because he deserves to, but bo cause ho In backed by Precedent, with a targe P. It Is so sacred a thing In Congress It de serves the large P. Rank In committee goes by seniority of service. To disturb that prcccdont would take a political revolution In tho House. His seniority has given to Claude Kitchin the placo of ranking member that Is, next to the chairman on the Ways and Means Committee. The chairmanship to bo made vacant when Underwood goes to tho Senate on March 4 next belongs to Kitchin. Just think of what the disturbance of the precedent involvod would threaten: of tho l"4 big committees Involved the ranking member of 12 comes from tho South. Is any one of those going to vote to upset a precedent upon which depends his own advancement or any friend of his, or friend of a friend of his? Tour Uncle Dudley opines not. ) To return to tho reason Congress is no longer a deliberative body, but deliberates by proxy, through Its committees. There are 435 membors of the House. It is Impossible, or nearly so, for that number of men all to devote enough study to tho quesUon to have accurate Infor maUon as to what, for example, would be a Just charge for the Government to make ror the grant of a wntcr power right on public land. But the SI members of the Committee on Public Lands, after months, a year, perhaps, of investigation and deliberation, determine what would be a fair charge, and the commit tee recommends it in a bill to the House. As a general thing committee recommendations de termine the action of the House, hence "Con gress has ceased to be a deliberative body." Uncle Joe's Future What will Uncle Joe Cannon get in the way of committee assignment? The answer fre quently heard to that question is that Mr. Cannon will bo given the placo of ranking mi nority member on the Appropriation Commit tee, and thus be placed In line to succeed Fitz gerald as chairman In the event of the Re publicans controlling the 65th Congress. Nay, nay, again the rule of precedence by seniority will keep that plum from Uncle Joseph. The ranking minority member of that committee now is Fred Glllett, and his district, the Sec ond Massachusetts, Is one of the few Northern ones which realizes the advantage of keeping the same Representative on the Job until his seniority gives him a committee chairman ship. Uncle Joe, rather than take a seat at the tall end of a committee table, may follow the example of Minority Leader Mann and take no committee assignment. That would give him more time to Indulge In the pastime of bedevil ing Democrats, a pastime which, he freely ad mits, adds to his youth year by year. If you would see the proudest men who ever cams to Washington, not excepting those who have come here to be the central figures In all the pomp and ceremony of Inauguration days, look at any of the corn boys. These men range In age from 11 to II, I should say, and are the future banner corn crop growers of the coun try, Without the exact data on hand to quote from, I ehall not attempt to tell of their work In figures. But one Western member proudly remarked, "The corn boys are going to add more wealth to this nation than all Its other agricultural wealth combined " Whleh, consid ering cotton, is adding some. In all sober truth, this encouragement of sclentlfla methods In corn culture by the Pepartment of Agriculture, and now by many States, also, is accomplishing mighty things, and It seems wise far the Gov, ernmeot to bring the com boys (prize winning corn growers) here to Washington, to be fusssd over a bit to get tbelr prizes and to shake bands wUh the President Corners in Cera An agent of the Agricultural Department who was doing missionary work slpng th(s line tali pit, that at first It was hard te iiuluae a fanaer tp set apart an aere of jtojjrA to be farmed in eern by his boy under dlreUo qf a department t&44wr. The farmer usually tbjalc but alight tnaly of the sense of his son or of a "book tamer." But when results beran to alww; wb.es to boy. vuwier scUoUao wetteds taught ty "book zuHWrs" raised wore than l-e swofc as M0 binriiln of oom to Ms oee-aefe aorser of Uu (msa, to a dtetrjjot wbete SB bushels to tli aex hj been k''tM the old to bsgoa te sit u asd ta aotioe. Tfce te a buob t these eons boys tows few new tresa a Wstera Mat. J Use toitot to bear tkom UiW. "As a&isA mtlltoa bvisbals ui eots samislly stM" 4 tby trtppingty est wttk IMwetM ud stufB4eua etwsleUc of Out - UHUMk "JUST UNTIE ME; GOVERN MCHT OWNERSHIP PLAHS SLW&Mi Srsfegtcsg Uujxjuw. nomlc value of corn as make you proud ot the joungsters. A chat with ono of them today recalled the cars In which I mado more than a dozen trlpi ncross the continent, from ocean to ocean. In company with tho late Senator Georgo Hearst, of California. He was happiest during thoso trips when we were going through some "corn belt." Then he would muso like this: "Corn! No peoplo can be hungry; no people can bo poor who ralseilots of corn! You need no shop, factory, but llttlo Capital only industry to turn It Into beef, milk, butter, cheese; to turn it Into pork, ham, bacon; to turn It Into poultry, eggs; It makes the best bread In tho world, and n corn pudding Is better than Delmonlco's best dessert. Tou can make syrup, and If ou want to, whisky, out of corn, and a corncob pipe gives the best smoke. This country will never want much when much corn Is raised." That wns before tho days of scientific corn farming, of corn boys or corn club prizes. On Monday next tho wheels of Congress be gin again to turn. It Is significant of tne trend of thought of tho hour that people here, mem bers especially, are not discussing the project of the Philippines bill, Government freight ship ownership, cotton legislation. These are Ignored topics. What Is uppermost In, every one's mind, It seems, is, "How are we prepared for war; could we successfully resist Invasion?" WINTER QUARTERS The armies of Europe are now preparing for tho tedious Job of waiting for the spring campaigns. War campaigns do not thrive in tho win ter. Either the ground Is too soft to hold up tho 45-ton firearms or it is too hard to allow graves to be dug In It with the necessary ease and haste. It Is also hard to keep the attention of the soldier on tho enemy when he is Buffering from frostbite, chilblains and influenza. For these reasons hostilities diminish as cold weather sets in and the soldiers settle down comfortably in winter quarters. Winter quarters consist of tents, caves, tin houses, log huts, trenches with roofs over them, straw piles hollowed out and, In fact, anything that will turn a north wind Bllghtly aside. Living in army quar ters during tho winter Is as big a feat as keeping house In a Nebraska corn crib in January. When an army hns had to re treat a few times during the winter and has had to scramble up an extempore set oi winter quarters, the enemy doesn't have to waste bullets. The cold weather does Us work for It very effectively. Doing sentry duty half a mile from n stove during a February night on the Russian frontier Is about as fatal as charging a machine gun. Many an angry corporal will try to waken a motionless sentry this winter In order to shoot him, only to discover that the said sentry is not sleeping, but has been frozen stiff at his post of duty, However, commerce must thrive and na tional Jealousies and ambitions must be pre served. The winter quarters did more damage In the American revolution than the British army, and during the famous season at Valley Forge, when the American patriots lived on parched corn and warmed them selves by kicking trees with their bare feet, the spark of American independence flick ered down bo low that one good charge of canister would havo blown It out How ever, the American republic wan savedby another set of winter quarters. These wero in Philadelphia and wero bo comfortable that the British army could not tear Itself away from them long enough to do a Uttle winter campaigning. Thus we should give all honor to Phila delphia. She Is slow, but she saved the na tion by keeping the British soldier warm. George Fitch. ARBI! ARM! ARM! (The following Is a poem written by Alfred Lord Tennyson, and published recently for the first time In the London Spectator ) Oh, whero Is he, the simple fool. Who says that wars are over! What bloody portent flashes there, Aeross the Straits of Dover? Nine hundred thousand slaves In arms May seek to bring us under; But 3 gland lives, and still will live. For we'll crush the despot yonder. Are we ready, Britons all, T9 answer foes with thunder! Arm, arm, arm I Oh, shame oj selfish patronage It Is the ofiMHtra's ruin Oeme, put the" right man la his alaet, An4 W, ww. w4 be doing! i OH. gafbw, gBant voluateew, i ory town and village, tFor there ai tlgew nrnds, iwt men - vWatfc br a4 ettlp,! ; you ready, VUs aML answer fees with thuwJwrt jitm. tm "' Xto, stout-MsVd yeosaw. leave a wfeUe The fatUobvg of your ctUe-- fellgbt the OtU of tfco world. Of pre- aact buata&ity, la spit o Ma S.M.M hvB And bAittud CWUUy' At w nady. BrtlMis m To Bv' Ummmz-t Arc &rs. jajUjCT-ll ill, iwb? jOK? I'LL DO THE JREST" mwr.y-jr0. Ay .. wmttxj4&' . x.z5. mm I Jill That's the matter with united states? Timidity and Backwardness of Business Men Inexplicable Under Present Con ditions. HERBERT N. CASSON In "Associated Advertising" is the matter with the "What United States?" As I havo been residing in London slnco tho beginning of tho war, I have been hearing this question asked on all sides. I havo never heard any satisfactory answer. No one seems to know. Why are the American factories not running night nnd day? Why aro the railroads not opening up new territories nnd getting ready for tho millions of Immigrants who have nlready made- up their minds to leave Europe as soon as tho war is over? Why aro there not DO American drummers In London right now," trying to sell $200,000,000 worth of American goods In place of the goods that were bought last year from Germany and Austria? Why have advertisers become quitters, Just at tho time when their advertisements were most needed and most effective In cheering on the business forces of the United States7 From tho European point of view, the United States Is n haven of peace and security nnd prospeilty. It has no troubles that It dare mention to Belgium or Austria, or France or Germany, or Servla or Great Britain, or Russia. Every tenth Briton has enlisted. Every tenth Frenchman is nt the front Every tenth Bel gian Is dead. What does the United States know ot trouble? If I could afford It, I would charter the Mau retanla and Lusltanla and convey a. party of 5000 American advertisers to Europe for a trip ot education. I would give them a week In London, a week In Paris and a week In Antwerp. I would let them look at the United States from the scene of war. I would give them a look at real trouble. I would let them see trains, 10 at a time, 5 minutes apart, packed with the maimed and the dying. I would let them hear, from fragmentary sur vivors, the Incredible story ot battlefields ISO miles wide, and armies that are greater than the entire population of Texas. I would let them see graves 100 yards long and full, and Belgium, the country that was, nothing now but 13,000 square miles of wreckage. I Th.n whn thv ViAsmn in iindjiratnni. tn some ellght extent, the magnitude and awful ness of this war, I would eay to them; . ' "Now go back and appreciate the United States. Realize yous opportunities. Don't start digging trenches when nobdy is firing at ou. Don't fall down when you haVe pot been hit Don't be blind to the most glorious chanee you have ever had In your life. "Go back and advertise. Get ready fer the most tremendous business boom that any nation ever had. Build your factories bigger. Train more salesmen. Borrow more money. Go ahead, and thank God that you are alive and that your family is alive, and that you are liv ing in a land that la at peace, at a time when nearly thi whole world Is at war." The Pink Oyster From the Boston Transcript. Not since the Secretary of the Treasury de cided that "frog legs are dressed poultry" has such a contribution to science been rendered by Washington as that contained in the assurances of the Agricultural Department experts that a new brand of pink oysters, coming from beds In Long Island Sound, are harmless and may he eaten with Impunity by epicures provided their complexions match the shade. The oys ters look like all oysters until they reach the plate of the consumer, whereupon they turn a most delicate pink, much to the astonishment ot the person about to devour them, who, fear ful lest the bivalve be a chameleon In disguise, hurriedly countermands the order. Thanks to a patvnal Government its officials have grap pled with the problem. Now comes the an neuneemeut that the pink oysters owe tbelr cojor net to the wreck ot a German dye ship now their aquatic couches, but to the feet that yey feed upon a wild yeast baelllus. Hiv Iss; Mfi heretofore to the opinion that man. wSa has subjugated the flve-toed prehlatoHo horse and yoked th bellowing bull to bis cart, gaJS, tarouga long ages of cl violation, oom Pletely domesticated the yeast cake, rendering ft UsM and docile and subservient to hi will, the dtseotttry that it still exieto tn a savage tato saw with somethtog of a, shoek Here is a ijeaMer tor philanthropists. Let us have a society tor the prevention of the Ktennliia uoit of the wild least, lest future gtuuaUooa coiidewn us as we eondwna our ancestor for ta Msatog of the boJEala. With the wild yeast brought on the reservation as it were, and give tae advantages of modem edttoatios ihr is no reaeon why should oat b afcu t ny Ptok btMd &id iri btouvJU u4 4o wr vsotuajty with the necessity of yaltuui p!t la ud(S& Lt Ouclv H.a i 4uU- FRANCE'S EX-EMPRESS PATHETIC IN OLD AGl Eugenic do Montijo, Consort of Tliir Napoleon -HcrMctcorio Career- Serl ond Empire a Evil Genius Now Old nnd Forsaken CD. J. mHE picture recently published of the ai JL Eugenie with the convalescing French sola diers came as a surprise to many of thi present generation. Having heard little, dm Ing tho last 40 years, of this woman who beauty and meteoric life wero onco the sensa.! tlon of Europe, they had carelessly supposci that sho had paBsed away with tho empire IS" 1870. Only 12 more years aro needed to complete! tho century since Eugenie Marie do Montlji was born at Granada, In spam, In 18( Even In childhood Bho had conceived a ri mantle admiration for tho young Prince! Louis Napoleon, and becauso of her father! Btaneh adherence to Napoleon Bonaparte, shi felt much Interested In tho misfortunes til tho Princo at Strnsluirg nnd Boulogne. fi Ab she bloomed Into lovely young womajil hood, Louis Napoleon matured moro uKi cessfully his plans for gaining a hold on tffa French people. In 1848 he was elected Prcsl dent of tho Trench Republic. Thrco ca lator ho perpetrated a third coup d'etat, it brilliant In its success that It complete! effaced the Ignominious, grotesque attempti of his youth. In 1852 soven million Yotetil (nearly tho ontlro vote of Franco) proclaimed: him Emperor with tho tltlo of Napoleon lit) For some tlmo ho had greatly admired Mademoiselle do Montijo, tho reigning bcatll of Paris She wns a superb horscworrtai nnd, as riding was tho Emperor's cspecflf personal accomplishment, thoy wero much tnrown vogouier. miiis imiuiuuy caused much comment, oftentimes most unklnJ criticism. Ono New Year's ovo (1853), ntJR ball given by tho Emperor at tho Tullerh tho wlfo of a Cabinet Minister was rude arid insulting to Eugenie. When the Emperori heard of It ho said to tho young Spanls! beauty, who was looking greatly troubled! "Tomorrow no ono1 will daro to Insult I'otlJS Tho following morning Madamo do Montlffl received a letter from tho Emperor formallj requesting her daughter's hand. In less than a month Eugenie do Montijo vtS? Empress of France. The Emperor's Justification In his official announcement of his Intended: marriage, Napoleon II Justified his choice the following adroit manner: "When in thi face of ancient Europe, ono Is carried by thji forco of a now principle to tho level of thi old dynasties, it Is not by affecting aa ancient descent and endeavoring to enter tlw family of kings that ono compels recosnw tlon. It Is rather by remembering oni origin. It is by preserving one's own charac; ter and assuming frankly toward Europe; tho position of a parvenu, n glorious tltlei when ono rises by the suffrages of a greai people. My marrlago, therefore, is only a private matter. Sho who has becomo the oh. Ject of my cholco Is of lofty birth, Frencl In heart and education and by the memory ij tho blood shed by her father In the cause 0J tho Empire. Sho has, as a Spaniard, thi advantage of not having a family In Frani to whom It would bo necessary to give honor and dignities. Gifted with every quality ft the heart, sho will bo tho ornament of tisj throne, as in the hour of danger she woffil be ono of Its most courageous defenders That his reasoning wns Bound was proved; by the almost universal approval of ha choice throughout Europe. When our own Washington Irving heard tj the marriage. In greatest astonishment hej wrote in his diary: "Louis Napoleon and Eu genlo de Montijo Emperor and EmpresspfJ France! Ho whom I received as an exile J,' my cottage on the Hudson, she whom ; Grenada I have dandled on my kneel" When a son was born to her three yearf after the marrlago tho Bonaparte family wJ swept to the topmost wave of populirlt; The Crimean War had virtually come to!S triumphant end, and a general amnesty M issued to all political offenders. Tho Emperor became godfather and Eugenie godmother f?. all legitimate children born In France oport their son's birthday; and after the puMle baptism of the little heir-apparent at Noire Damn, a ball of unusual brilliancy was BitW by the city of Paris to the mother of th.9 little Prince Imperial. The next 13 years of Eugenie's life was a. succession of romantic and brlllant pageants' visits made and exchanged with Victoria nnd other crowned heads of" Europe the tri umphant glory of the openings of the great Expositions the grand military reviews in honor of the Emperor of Itussla-culrolpaP lne with tha International oDenlng Of w canal across the Isthmus of Sue, 'be worHj, or mat most remarkable iTencn oi'""" Ferdinand de Lessees. As the Emperor could not attend while Ig, war clouds were thlckenlncr over France, ig Emnresa Eiisrnrtln rrrnrnA tha occasion Wltft - beauty undlmmed, dressed in the faultiest striking good taste for which ehe WM Jp noted. In the famous Leghorn hat, she rogy on a camel to the Eastern fetes, on tne of the Emperor Francis Joseph she attn the religious ceremonies attending the tV Ing of the canal, when the Cross and cent for the first time overshadowed fj snipers Joining In one common prayer: J at th hall plmn y,v ihr. Khedive of SO, In his hew palace she was the modern $ patra, resplendent In amber satin ana monds. While the Eastern potentates wf shooked that a woman should appear w them unveiled, her gracious presence, n thelsss, raised the spirit of chivalry end dued the spirit of strife, enmity and iRti among rival powers and races. It is bard to realize that ten months she was hurrying, a fugitive, to Englan escape, as Is well known, being due te shrewd protection wf our Doctor Evans, In his own carriage, conveyed her MfeJy of Paris aa a patient of unsound nuno passage aoross tha Channel wa B9 ' that gallant vessels were, shipwrecked around them. Ilad their craft also eunk, tory would havo remained unchanged. with the fall ot Sedan fell forever the P ' of the Bonapartes. For nearly 50 years sow Eugeaie ha m auleUy in England, where Victoria loved as a sister and Irted. in the hotneiaad ber Scotch grand father. A few year Uer landing site lost both husband aad She seldom goes to Paris, except lu guUe. reviewing as a wraith the oeuj ber former gayetlsa. Probably no b'" character has Vaewn gjcti atruoiis ' anlrat-one-half of her lito Mat t brtUtaut meteor across .e .. o i rope, the remainder of bet lc, the bbsdarliji ol . i i i UixuMaf4 pmi j susa . ... rfwBfjlll v-J"1w
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