Y ha flyneapir--Nuttiligtortr, • :PN " NLISIIED EVERT WEDNESDAY ST H. G. SMITH CO.k A. S. STEIN2dAIq H. G. SMITH TERMS—Two Dollars per annum, payable all cases In advance. TILE LANCANTICIL DAILY /NTELLIGENOICR 119 published every evening, Sunday excepted, at $3 per Annum in advance. OFFICE-SOUTHWEST CORNER OF CENTRE SQUARE. Noftrg. IFrom the New York. Cltizend PHAJOIS OF lIPIPEACILUENT CANTICLE 11., ACCOIDTO TO TILE PEOPIIET Ala—Jeannette anti Jeanuot " Put 1t through et railroad spord," 13oltled Butler fiercely cries; " For unless , we haste, I 'ear, ludeed • • Our force of trial Mu% Bring the nu WC and :le him tight, Bind hie feet. mid ling Ms mouth, Or we else may Mt Our sovereign riglit To rob and rule the South— May lose our Job To rule aud Chaln,.whlp and starve the South, "Seize the country by the throat, Force the black dose through, Its I ps For unless we cast, the negro vote, Away our sceptre slips; Evety bridge behind is gone, Ni, retreat for us remains. Wo must either perish One by one, Or bind the land in chains; A M spe-rale band, Forlorn we stood, And no retreat remains. "As to Johnson, who bald been Au' obstruction' Iu our path, Lot him Mule the rapid gulllotina Of nadicals in wrath. Fling aside restraints of law, At each oath 5511? dutrsculf— And. If Chase to aid we can not draw Then drag his ermine off, Aye, quick, indeed, 'AL railroad speed,' We'll drag his ermine off. " / 4 lnee the Mouth In fairly floored, Men Ince US may xhuw their teeth— Lot the negro wield a liming sword, And east 'may the sheath. Revolution Is our end. Throw disguise oll—glre It mouth; And tour bayonet, rule shall soon extend O'er North aN well as South— Meek swords and voreli AL white to en's to runts, In North as well as South. "IL 18 tree, that throu4h the war, Of all rebels—menu est, worst,— Were tine black men We Wt 1 . 0 lighting for To break their chains Joyce rsed ? In Ito rebel - tale I iit'y nom To ,o.ba tin ID the fray, While they labored hard to feed 'an. foen, And give them arms anti pa); But now, :duck! We need the black To prop o .r lettering sway. "So lot black ox-reticle reign O'er their White ex-roLol lords, For Without thorn all our plot. ere vain Without their vote. and rlWOldn; Rut With Johnson stricken down, The Supreme Court in chains, Oh, We Jacobins shell Weer the crown While breath 01 life Vern/lit.. Aye, role the• land With Marat's hallll While breath of life renuAlmi, "So on, with railroad speed," The savage, Limier elle.; "For link,. we haste, I fear, Indeed, Our farce of trial aim Br rig t Ile ropes and quench the light, Mud 111+ hands and gag lil.l mouth— For If Johnson Wiwi we lose the right To row and role the Month; Yea! 1,0 our Job T rule and rob nor h Nort rim SOW]," By crier 01 TII e Pito PIIET (r REILLY, Connlg.!-ong Department of Campaign. IA trim Interpretation:l Br. SO 01•11 RN n 0 TY NU. JlllllOl . Assistant Comma tat or•gencral. litcravg, What a Little Boy Thought About Things I am a little boy about so many years old; I don't know whether I'm a good little boy, but I'm afraid nut, for I some times do wicked things, and once I cut isinter'm kitten's tail oil' with the chop ping knife, and told her a big dog came along and bit it oil, and swallowed it before kitty could say Jack Robinson, and sister said she was' sorry, and it must have been a very naughty dog: ! but mother did not (relieve me, and said she Win afraid I had told a lie, and I'm afraid I had. do then she asked me if I knew where liars went to, and I said yes—that they went to New York and wrote for the newspapers ; she said Ito —hut a bike of Ilre and brimstone ; and she asked nut if I would like to go there, and I said no, for I didn't think ; there would he much skating or sliding on the lake, nod the boyseouldn't snow ball either on shore, !mil she said it wan ; tnorethan thatj list as though that was'nt bad enough, for I don't think they can play base null nuttier. Then she asked, me if I wouldn't like to he a nangel and have a harp. and 1 maid no, I'd rather be a stage-driver, and have a big drum, for I couldn't play on Cother thing. So shouldn't like to be n nangel, for their wings must be in the, way When they go swimming, and play tag anti leap frog, and besides It must be hard to fly when one ain't accustomed to It. But it would be jolly to he a etugo•d river and have a great long whip, and touch up the 'endure, and say, "g'lang there, what are ye dole' on '." I. should like that much better'n Ilyin' ; and theti mother said there was a dreadful stage of sin, and Bob hollered and said that he "guessed I WaS on it;" dud then she Whipped us -anti sent us to bed without any supper, but I didn't care for any supper, for they hadn't nothin' but bread and butter and -tea, and Rob and I got up and he lifted inn lu at the pantry window, and we got amines pie and a whole handful of doughnuts, and they thought it was the cool: that stole 'em, and sent her away the next day, and Bob said he was glad of it, for she didn't make good pies, and the doughnuts wa-n't fried! enough, 'and sometimes I do swear, for I said by golly, the other day, and sister heard me, and she told mother, and mother said I was a bad boy and would bring her gray hairs to the grave, and she whipped me, but I don't thing it did her gray hairs any good, and it hurt me, and when I got up stairs I said golf darn it; but I said it so she didn't hear me, and when she asked me if I did not think I was very wicked, I said I was afraid I was, and was sorry for it, and wouldn't do so any more, and then she said I was a good little boy, and told me about George Washington, who cut down Bid! apple tree . an,d was caught at it, anti said he did it with his little hatchet, just as though I hadn't heard all about it before, }lnd didn't al ways think he was a big stupid for cut ting wood when they had a 'hired man about the house, anti duffle' his little hatchet, and beside it would have been a great deal iollier to let the apple tree be, so as he could have stole apples off in the fall.` i I don't care if he was the father of his country, he wasn't smart, and I bet you the boys in our school would cheat him out of his eye teeth swapping jack-knives, and I could lick him and hardly try; and I don't think he was very healthy, either, for I never see a good boy that wasn't always sick and had the mumps and measles, and the scarlet fever, and wasn't a coughing all the while, and hadn't to take castor oil, and could not eat cherries, and didn't have his head patted till his hair was rubbed off by everybody that, came to his mother's, and be asked how old he was, and what he'd been study ing at school and how far he'd got, and lots of conundrums, anti have to say his catechism ; me, I wouldn't like to he a good little boy, I just us lief be a nangel and be done with it, I don't think I ever shall be a good little boy, and other peo ple don't think so too, for I wasn't never called a good little boy but once,and that was when my Uncle John asked me where I stood in my class, and I toldhim it was next to the head, and he said that was right and he gave me a quarter, and when he asked me how many boys were in the class, and I said there ware only two, myself and a little girl, and then he wanted the to give him back his quarter and I wouldn't, and he ran after me and stumbled over a chair, and he broke his cane, and hurt himself, and he's been lame'ever since, and I'm glad of It, for he Isn't my father, and hasn't any right to lick me, for I get enough of that at home, and the quarter wasn't a good one either. I don't like Uncle John, hod I guess he knows it, for ho says I'm not like tiny of the family, and he says he expects I'll go to sea and be a pirate instead of a respectable member of society, and I should not wonder, for I'd rather be a pirate than a soap boiler like him. I don't care if he is rich, it's a nasty business; and I shan't have to be a pirate either, for one can make lots of money without that; and they are always talking to me about being rich and respectable, and going to Congress and being President, and all that sort of thing, but I don't weal° be President; there is Lincoln, he was President, and I guess he's sorry for it now; and there's Andy Johnson, I guess he don't like it much either, and a fellow,doesn't have to be respectable to be a Congressman, for there's John Mor rissy, and he has got nice curly, hair and nice obithes and he dsn't do any work either. oh! I know' how things are done; but there's. Bah call ing, and we're goha' birds-nestin',' for I know where there ' s ya ll er bird's nest ''atipek ,full of eggs. -Mother says it's oruel t and the birds don't like it ; that (,wouldn't like. to have my eggs stole if Vrasittdrd3 And I don't thin k should. But I ain't a bird, you know, and that VOLUME 69 makes a difference ;and if you want to print this you can, for next to bein' a stage-driver and a pirate, I'd like to be a editor, for you fellers don't have to tell the truth, and you can go to cir cusses without payin'. Vesuvius The eruption in progress, as we write, from Mount Vesuvius, and the numer ous and violent eruptions from this mountain during the two last centuries, seem to afford an answer to those who would see traces of a gradually dimin ishing activity in the earth's internal forces. That such a4iminution is tak ing place wo may admit, but that Its rate of progress is perceptible—that we can point to a time within the histori cal epoch, nay even within the limits of geological evidence, at which the earth's internal forces were certainly more active than they are at the present time, may, we think, be denied abso lutely. When the science of geology was but young, and its professors sought to com press within a few years (at the outside) a series of events which (we now know) must have occupied many centuries, there was room, Indeed, for the suppo sition that modern volcanic eruptions, as compared with ancient outbursts, are but as the efforts of children compared with the work of giants. And, accord ingly, we find a distinguished French geologist writing, even so late as 1829, that in ancient times "toes lee phe nomenee geologlques se passaient clans des dimensions centuples do celles qu'ile presentent aujourd'hui." But now we, have such certain evidence of the enor mous length of the Intervals within which volcanic regions assumed their present appearance; we have such sat isfactory means of determining which of the events occurring within those intervals were or were not contempo rary, that we aro safe from the error of assuming that Nature at a single effort fashioned widely extended districts just as we now see them. And, accordingly, we have the evidence of one of the most distinguished of living geologists, that there is no volcanic mass "of ancient date, distinctly referable to a single eruption, which can even rival in vol ume the matter poured out from Skap tar Jokul In 1783." Tu the volcanic region of which Vesu vius or Somme lathe principal vent, we haven remarkable Instance of the decep tive nature of thatstate of rest Into which some of the principal volcanoes fre quently fall for many centuries together, For how many centuries before the Christian era Vesuvius had been at rest, is not known ; but this is certain, that from the landing of the first Greek colony in Southern Italy, Vesuvius gave no signs of internal activity. It was ae - cognized by Strabo as a volcanic moun tain, but Pliny did not Include it in the list of active volcanoes. In those days, the mountain presented a very different appearance from that which it now ex hibits.' In place of the two peaks now seen, there was a single, somewhat flat tish summit, on which a slight depres sion marked the place of an Offfeat crater. The fertile slopes of the moun tain were covered Ny th well-cultivated fields, and the thrlying cities Hercu laneum, Pompeii, and Stabite, stood near the base of the sleeping mountain. So little did any thought of danger sug gest itself in those times, that the bands of slaves, murderers, and pirates, which flocked, to the standard of Spartacus, found a refuge, to the number of many thousands, within the very crater Itself. But though Vesuvius was at rest, the region of which Vesuvius is the main vent was fur from being so. The island of Pithecusa (the modern Ischia) was shaken by frequent and ter rible convulsions. It is even re lated that Prochyta (the modern Procida) wns rent from Plthecusa In the course of a tremendous uphoaval,though Pliny derives the name Prochyta (or " poured forth ") from the supposed fact 01 this island having been poured forth by an eruption from Ischia. Far more probably, Prochyta was formed independently by submarine eruptions, as the volcanic Islands near Santorin have been produced In more recent times. So fierce were the eruptions from Pithecusa, that several Greek colonies which attempted to settle on this island were compelled to leave It. About 380 years before the Christian era, colonists under King Hlero of Syracuse, who had built a fortress on Pithecusa, were driven away by an eruption. Nor were eruptions the sole cause of danger.— Poisonous exhalations, such as are emit ted by volcanic craters after eruption, appear to have exhaled, at times, from extensive tracts on Pithecusa, and thus to have rendered the Island uninhabit able. Still nearer to Vesuvius lay celebrated Lake Avernus. The name Avernus is said to be a corruption of the Greek word Aornos, signifying " without birds," the poisonous exhalations from the water of the lake destroying all birds which attempted to fly over its surface. Doubt has been thrown on the destructive properties assigned by the ancients to the vapours ascending from Avernus. The lake is now a healthy and agreeble neighborhood, frequent ed, says Humboldt, by many kinds of birds, which suffer no injury what ever even when they skim the very surface of the water. Yet there* can be little doubt that Avernus hides the outlet of an extinct volcano ; and long after this volcano had become inactive, the lake which concealed its site " may have deserved the appella tion of ' atri Janus Ditis,' emitting, per haps, gases as destructive of animal life as those suffocating vapours given out by Lake Quilotoa, in Quito, in 1797, by which whole herds of cattle were killed on its shores, or as those deleteri ous emanations which annihilated all the cattle in the island of Lancerote, one of the Canaries, in 1730." While Ischia was in full activity, not only was Vesuvius quiescent, but even Etna seemed to be gradually expiring, so that Seneca ranks this volcano among the number of nearly extinguished cra ters. At a later epoch, rElian asserted that the mountain itself was sinking, so that seamen lost eight of the summit at a less distance across the seas than of old. Yet within the last two hundred years there have been eruptions from Etna rivalling, if not surpassing, in in tensity the convulsions recorded by an- I dent historians. We shall not here attempt to show that Vesuvius and Etna belong to the same volcanic system, though there is reason not only for supposing this to be the case, but for the belief that all the subterranean forces whose effects have been shown from time to time over the district entendingfrom the Canariesand Azores, across the whole of the Mediter rabean, and into Syria itself, belong to but one great centre of internal action. But it is quite certain that Ischia and Vesuvius are outlets from asinglesouree. While Vesuvius was dormant, resign• ing for awhile its pretensions to be the principal vent of the great Neapolitan volcanic system, Ischia, we have seen, was rent by frequent convulsions. But the time was approaching when Vesu vius was to resume its natural functions, and with all the more energy that they hud been for awhile suspended. In the year 63 (after Christ) there oc curred a violeut convulsion of the earth around Vesuvius, during which much Injury was done to neighboring cities and many lives were lost. From this period shocks of earthquake were felt from time to time for sixteen years. These grew gradually more and more violent, until it began tobe evldentthat the volcanic fires were about to return to their main vent. The obstruction which had so long impeded the exit of the confined matter was not however readily removed, and it was only in August of the year 70, after numerous and violent internal throes, that the superincumbent mass was at length hurled forth. Rocks and cinders, lava, sand, and BCOnie3, were propelled from the crater, and spread many miles on every side of Vesuvius. We have an interesting account of the great eruption which followed, in a let, ter from the younger Pliny to the younger Tacitus. The latter had asked for an account of the death of the elder Pliny, who lost his life in his eagerness to obtain a near view of the dreadful phenomenon. "He was at that time," 'says his. nephew, " with the fleet un der his command at Misenum. On the 24th of August, about one In the afternoon, my mother desired him to ohserve a cloud of very extraordinary side and shape. He had just returned from taking the benefit of the sun, and, after bathing himself in cold water, and, taking a slight repast, had retired to his study. He arose at once, and went out upon a height whence he might more distinctly view this strange phenomenon. It was not at this dis— tance discernible from what mountain the cloud issued, but it was found after wards that it came from Vesuvius. I cannot give a more exact description of its figure than by comparing it to that of a pine -tree, for it shot up to great height in the form of a trunk, which extended itself at the top into a sort of branches; occasioned, I suppose, either by a sudden gust of air which impelled it, whose force decreased as it advanced upwards, or else the cloud itself, being pressed back by its own weight, expan ded in this manner. The cloud appear ed sometimes bright, at others dark and spotte I, as it was more or less impregna ted with earth and cinders." These extraordinary appearances at tracted the curiosity of the elder Pliny. He ordered a small vessel to be pre pared, and started to seek a nearer view of the burning mountain. His nephew declined to accompany him, being en gaged with his studies. As Pliny left the house he received a note from a lady whose house, being at the foot of Ve suvius, was in imminent danger of de structfon. He set out accordingly with the design of rendering her assistance, and also of assisting others, "for the villas stood extremely thick upon that lovely coast." He ordered the galleys to be put to sea, and steered directly' to the point of danger, so cool In the midst of the turmoil around "as to be able to make and dlctateobservations upon the motions and figures of that dreadful scene." As he approached Vesuvius, cinders, pumice -stones, and black frag ments of burning rock, fell on and around the ships. " They were In dan ger, too, of running aground, owing to the sudden retreat of the sea; vast fragments, also, rolled down from the mountain, and obstructed all the shore." The pilot advising retreat, Pliny made the noble answer, "Fortune be friends the brave,'• and bade him press onwards to Stabite. Here be found his friend Pomponianus In great consterna tion, already prepared for embarking, and waiting only for a change in the Exhorts g wind. Exhorti g Pomponianus to be of good coura Pliny quietly ordered baths to be pr epared; and " having I bathed, sat wn to supper with great cheerfulnessM at least (which is equally heroic) with all the appearance of it. Assuring his friend that the flames, which appeared in several places, were merely burning villages, Pliny present ly retired to rest, and " being pretty fat," says his nephew, "and breath ing hard, those who at t ended without actually heard him snore." But it be came necessary to awaken him, for the court which led to his room was now almost filled with stones and ashes. He got up and joined the rest of the corn pamy, who were consulting on the pro priety of leaving the house, now shaken from side to side by frequent concus sions. They decided on seeking the fields for safety, and fastening pillows on their heads to protect them from falling stones, they advanced in the midst of an obscurity greater than that of the darkest night—though beyond the limits of the great cloud it was al ready broad day. When they readied the shore they found the waves running too high to suffer them safely to venture tout out to sea. Pliny "having drunk a draught or two of cold water, lay down on a cloth that was spread out for him ; but at this moment the flames and sul phureous vapours dispersed the rest of the company and obliged him to rise.— Assisted by two ofhisservan ts, he got up on his feet, but instantly fell down dead ; sutfficated, I suppose," says his nephew, " by some gross and noxious vapour, for he always had weak lungs and suflered from a difficulty of breathing." His body was not round until the third day after his death, when for the flint time it was light enough to search for him. He was found as he had fallen, "and looking more like a man asleep than dead." But even at Misenum there was dan ger, though Vesuvius was distant no less than fourteen miles. The earth was shaken with repeated and violent shocks, " insomuch," says the younger Pliny, " that they threatened our corn• plete destruction." When morning cattle, the light was faint and glim mering ; the buildings around seemed tottering to their fall, and, standing on the open ground, the chariots which Pliny had ordered were so agitated backwards and forwards that It was impossible to keep them steady, even by supporting them with large stones. The sea was rolled back upon Itself, and many marine animals were left dry upon the shore. On the side of Vesu vius, a black and ominous cloud, burst ing with sulphureous vapours, dart ed out long trains of fire, resemb ling flashes of lightning, but much larger. Presently the great cloud spread over Misenum and the island of Caprete. Ashes fell around the fugitives. On every side "nothing was to be heard but the shrieks of women and children, and the cries of men ; some were calling for their children, others for their parents, others for their husbands, and only distinguishing each other by their voices; one was lamenting his own fate, another that of his family ; some wished to die, that they might escape the dreadful fear of death, butthe greater part imagined that the last and eternal night was come, which was to destroy the gods and the world together." At length a lightappeared, which was not, however, the day, but the forerunner of an outburk of flames. These presently disappeared, and again a thick dark ness spread over the scene. Ashes fell heavily upon the fugitives, so that they were in danger of being crushed, and buried in the thick layer rapidly cover ing the whole country. Many hours passed before the dreadful darkness be gan slowly to be dissipated. When at length day returned, and the sun even was seen faintly shining through the over-hanging canopy of ashes, "every object seemed changed, being covered over with white ashes as with a deep snow." It is most remarkable that Pliny makes no mention in his letter of the destruction of the two populous and im portant cities, Pompeii and Herculane um. We have seen that at Stabile a shower of ashes fell so heavily that, sev eral days before the end of the eruption, the court leading to the elder Pliny's room was beginning to be filled up. And when the eruption ceased, Stabile was completely overwhelmed. Far more sudden, however, was the de struction of Pompeii and Herculaneum. It would seem that the two cities were first shaken violently by the throes of the disturbed mountain. The signs of such a catastrophe have been very com monly assigned to the earthquake which happened in 63, but it seems far more likely that most of them belong to the days immediately preceding the great outburst in 79. "In Pompeii," says Sir Charles Lyell, " both public and private buildings bear testimony to the catastrophe. The walls are rent, and and in many places traversed by fis sures still open." It is probable that the inhabitants were driven by these anticipatory throes to fly from the doomed towns. For though Dion Cas sius relates that "two entire cities, Her culaneum and Pompeii, were burled under showers of ashes, while all the people were sitting in the theatre," yet "the examination of the two cities en ables us to prove," says Sir Charles, "that none of the people were destroyed in the theatres, and, indeed, that there were very few of the inhabitants who did not escape from both cities. Yet, ,, he adds, "some lives were lost, and there was ample foundation for the tale in all its most essential particulars." • We may note here, in passing, that the account of the eruption given by Dion Cassius, who wrote a century , and a half after the, catastrophe, is sufficient to prove bow terrible an impression had been made upon the inhabitants of Campania, from whose descendants he in allpro bability obtained the materials of his narrative. He writes that, "during the eruption, a multitude of men of super human stature, resembling giants, ap peared, sometimes on the mountain, and sometimes in the environs; that stones and smoke were thrown out, the sun was hidden, and then thegiants deemed to rise again while the sounds of trum pets were heard"—with much other matter of a similar sort. In the great eruption of .79, Vesuvius poured forth lapilli, sand, cinders, and fragments of old lava, but new lava flowed from the crater. Nor does it ap pear that any lava-stream was ejected during the six eruptions which took place during the following ten centuries. In the year 1036, for the first time, Vesuvius was observed-to pour forth a stream of molten lava. Thirteen years latter, another eruption took place ; then ninety years passed without dis turbance, and after that a long pause of LANCASTER PA. WEDNESDAY MORNING APRIL 15 186 z. 168 years. During this interval, how ever, the volcanic system, of which Vesuvius is the main but not the only vent, had been disturbed twice. For It is related that In 1198, the Solfatara Lake crater was in eruption; and In 1302, Ischia, dormant for at least 1,400 years, showed signs of nevi. ac tivity. For more than a year earth• quakes had convulsed this island from time to time, and at length the disturb. ed region was relieved by the outburst of a lava stream from a new vent on the southeast of Ischia. The lava stream flowed right down to the sea, a distance of two miles. For two months this dreadful outburst continued to rage; many houses were destroyed ; and al though the inhabitants of Ischia were not completely expelled, as happened of olti with the Greek colonists, yet a partial emigration of the inhabitants took place. The next eruption of Vesuvius took place in 1306; and then, until 1631, there occurred only one eruption, and that an unimportant one, in 1500. "It was remarked," says Sir Charles Lyell, " that thrOughout this long interval of rest, Etna was in a state of unusual ac tivity, so as to lend countenance to the idea that the great Sicilian volcano may sometimes serve as a channel of dis charge to elastic fluids and lava that would otherwise rise to the vents in Campania." Nor was the abnormal activity of Etna the only sign that the quiescence of Vestivius was not to be looked upon as any evidence of declining energy in the volcanic system. In 1538 a new mountain was suddenly thrown up in the Phlegrtean Fields—a district 'in cluding within its houndsPozzuoli,Lake Avernus, and the Solfatara. The new rcountalniwas thrown up near the shores of the Bay of Balm. It is 440 feet above the level of the bay, and its base is about a mile and a half In circumference. The depth of the crater is 421 feet, so that its bottom is only six yards above the level of the bay. The spot on which the mountain was thrown up was formerly occupied by the Lucrine Lake; but the outburst tilled up the greater part of the lake, leaving only a small and shallow pool. The accounts which have reached us of the formation of this new mountain are not without interest. Falconl, who wrote in 1538, writes that sever earth quakes took place during the two years preceding the outburst, and above twenty shocks on the day and night be fore the eruption. "The eruption be gan on September 29,1538. It was on a Sunday, about one o'clock in the night, when flames of fire were seen between the hot-baths and Tripergola. In ashort time the fire increased to such a degree that it burst open theearth in this place, und threw up a quantity of ashes and pumice -stones, mixed with water,which covered the whole country. The next morning the poor inhabitants of Poz zuoli quitted their habitations in terror, covered with the muddy and black shower, which continued the whole day in that country—Hying from death, but with death painted in their counte nances. Some with their children iu their arms, some with sacks full of their goods ; others leading an ass, loaded with their frightened family, towards Naples, &c. . . . The sea had re tired on the side of Balm, abandoning a considerable tract; and the shore ap• peared almost entirely dry, from the quantity of ashes and broken pumice• stones thrown up by the eruption." Pietro Giacomo dl Toledo gives us some account of the phenomena which preceded the eruption: "That plain which lies between Lake Avernus, the Monte Barbaro, aud the sea, was raised a little, and many cracks were made In It, from some of which water Issued ; at the same time the sea immediately adjoining the plain dried up about two hundred paces, so that the fish were left on the Hand a prey to the inhabi tants of Pozzuoli. At last, on the 29th of September, about two o'clock in the night, the earth opened near the lake, and discovered a horrid mouth, from which were vomited furi ously smoke, fire, stones, and mud com posed of ashes, making at the time of the opening a noise llkethe loudest thunder. '1 he stones which followed were by the flames converted to pumice, and some of these were larger than on ox. The stones went about as high as a cross bow will carry, and then fell down, sometimes on the edge, and sometimes Into the mouth Itself. The mud was of the color of ashes, and at first very liquid, then by degrees less so; and In such quantities that in less than twelve hours, with the help of the above-mentioned stones, a mountain was raised of 1,000 paces in height. Not only Pozzuoli and the neighbouring country were full of this mud, but the city of Naples also; so that many of its palaces were defaced by it. This eruption lasted two nights and two days without intermission,though notalways with the same force; the third day the eruption ceased, and I went up with many people to the top of the new hill, and saw down into its mouth, which was a round cavity about a quarter of a mile in circumference, in the middle of which the stones which had fallen were boiling up just as a cauldron of water boils on the fire. The fourth day it be gan to throw up again, and the seventh day nvich more, but still with lees vio lence than the first night. At this time many persons who were on the bill were knocked down by the stones aud killed, or smothered with the smoke." And now, for nearly a century, the whole district continued in repose.— Nearly five centuries had passed since there had been any violent eruption of Vesuvius itself; and the crater seemed gradually assuming the condition of an extinct volcano. The interior of the crater is described by Bracini, who visi ted Vesuvius shortly before the eruption of 1831, in terms that would have fairly represented its condition before the eruption of 79 ; " The crater was five miles in circumference, and about a thousand paces deep ; its sides were covered with brush wood, and at the bottom there was a plain on which cattle grazed. In the woody parts, wild boars frequently harboured. In one part of the plain, covered with ashes, were three small pools, one filled with hot and bitter water, another salter than the sea, and a third hot, but tasteless." But in De cember, 1,931, the mountain blew away the covering of rock and cinders which supported these 'woods and pastures.— Seven streams of lava poured from the crater, causing a fearful destruction of life and property. Resina, built over the site of Herculaneum, was en , tirely consumed by a raging lava stream. Heavy showers of rain, gener• aced by the steam evolved during the eruption, caused, in their turn,, an amount of destruction scarcely less im portant than that resulting from the lava-streams. For, falling upon the cone, and sweeping thence large masses of ashes and volcanic dust, theseshowers produced destructive streams of mud, consistent enough to merit the name of "acqueous lava" commonly assigned to it. An interval of thtrty.five years passed before the next eruption. But since 1606, there has been a continual series of eruptions, so tbat the mountain has scarcely ever been at rest for more than ten years together. Occasionally there have been two eruptions within a few months; and it is well worthy of remark that, during the three centuries which have elapsed since the formation of Monte Nuovo, there has been no vol canic disturbance in any part of the N eapolitan volcanic district save in Veen vine alone. Of old, as Brleslak well re marks, there had been irregular dis turbances in some Fart of the Bay of Naples once in every two hundred years ; —the eruption of Solfatara in the twelfth century, that of Ischia in the fourteenth, and that of Monte Nuovo In the six teenth; but" the eighteenth has formed an exception to the rule." It seems clear that the constant series of erup tions from Vesuvius during the past two hundred years has sufficed to relieve the volcanic district of which Vesuvius is the principal vent. Of the eruptions which have disturbed Vesuvius during the last two centuries, those of 1779, 1793, and 1822, are in some respects the most remarkable. Sir William Hamilton has given a very interesting account of the eruption of 1779. Passing over those points in which this eruption resembled others, we may note its more remarkable fea tures. Sir William Hamilton says, that in this eruption molten lava was thrown up, in magnificent jets to the height of at least 10,000 feet. Masses of stones and scoria: were to be seen propelled along by these lava jets. Vesuvius seemed to be surmounted by an enor mous column of fire. Some of the jets were directed by the wind towards Ot- tajano ; others fell on the cone of Ve allviUld, on the outer circular mountain Somme, and on the valley between.— Falling, still red hot' and liquid, they .covered a district more than two miles and a half wide with a mass of fire. The whole space above this district, to the height of 10 000 feet, was filled also with the rising and falling lavastreams ; so that there was continually pres ent a body of fire covering the exten sive space we have mentioned, and extending nearly two miles high.— The heat of this enormous fire. column was distinctly perceptible at a distance of at least six miles on every side. The eruption of 1793 presented a dlf fereut aspect, Dr. Clarke tells us that millionsof red-hotstoneswere propelled into the air to at least half the helghtof the cone Itself; then turning, they fell all around in noble curves. They covered nearly half the cone of Vesu- vius with tire. Hugo masses of white smoke were vomited forth by the disturbed mountain, and formed themselves, at a height of many thous ands of feet above the crater, into a huge, ever-moving canopy, through which, from time to time, were burled pitch-black jets of volcanic dust, and dense vapors, mixed with cascades of red•hot rocks and scorns. The 'rain which fell from the cloud-canoprwas scalding hot. Dr. Clarke was able to compare the different appearances presented by the lava when it burst from the very mouth of the crater, and lower down, when it bad approached the plain. As it rushed forth from its imprisonment, it stream ed a liquid, white, and brilliantly pure rive,', which burned for Itself a smooth channel through a great arched chasm in the side of the mountain. It flowed with the clearness of " honey in regular channels, cut finer than artcan imitate, and glowing with all the splendor of the sun. Sir William Hamilton had conceived," adds Dr. Clarke, "that stones thrown upon a current of lava would produce no impression. I was soon convinced of the contrary. Light bodies, indeed, of five, ten, and fifteen pounds' weight, made little or no im pression, even at the source; but bodies of sixty, seventy, and eighty pounds were seen to form a kind of bed on the surface of the lava, and float away with it. A stone of three hundred weight, that had been thrown out by the crater, lay near the source of the current of lava. I raised It up on one end, and then let it fall In upon the liquid lava, when it gradually sank be neath the surface and disappeared. If I wished to describe the manner in which it acted upon the lava, I should say that it was like a loaf of bread thrown into a bowl of very thick honey, which gradually involves Itself In the heavy liquid, and then slowly sinks to the bottom. But, as the lava flowed down the mountain slopes, it lost its brilliant whiteness; a crust began to form upon the surface of the still molten lava, and this crust broke Into innumerable frag ments of porous matter, called scorite. Underneath this crust—across which Dr. Clarke and his companions were able to pass without other injury than the singeing of their boots—the liquid lava still continued to force its way onward and downward past all ob stacles. On its arrival at the bottom of the mountain, says Dr. Clarke, "the whole current," encumbered with huge masses of scorite, "resembled noth ing so much as a heap of unconnected ed cinders from an iron-foundry," "rolling slowly along," he says in another place, "and falling with a rattling noise over ono another." After the eruption described by Dr. Clarke, the great crater gradually filled up. Lava boiled up from below, and small craters, which formed themselves over the bottom and sides of the great one, poured forth lava loaded with scorlia. Thus, up to October 1822, there was to be seen, in place of a regular crateriform opening, a rough and un even surface, scored by huge fissures, whence vapor was continually being poured, so as to form clouds above the hideous heaps of ruins. But the great eruption of 1822 not only flung forth all the mass which had accumulated with- In the crater, but wholly changed the appearance of the cone. An immense abysm was formed three•quarters of a mile across, and extending 2,000 feet downwards Into the very heart of Ve suvius. Had the lips of the crater re mained unchanged, indeed, the depth of this great gulf would have been far greater. But so terrific was the force of the explosion that the whole of the up per part of the cone was carried clean away, and the mountain reduced in height by nearly a full fifth of Its orlgi• nal dimensions. From the time of its formation the chasm gradually filled up ; so that, when Mr. Scrope saw it soon after the eruption, its depth was reduced by more than 1,000 feet. Of late, Vesuvius has been as busy as ever. In 1833 and 1834 there were erup tions ; and it is but twelve years since a great outburst took place. Then, for three weeks together, lava streamed down the mountain slopes. A river of molten lava swept away the village of Cercolo, and ran nearly to the sea at Pouts atidaloni. There were then formed ten craters within the great one. But these have now united, and pressure from beneath has formed a vast cone where they had been. The cone has risen above the rim of the crater, and, as we write, torrents of lava are being poured forth. At first the lava formed a lake of fire, but the seething mass found an outlet, and poured in a wide stream to wards Ottajano. Masses of red-hot stone and rock are hurled forth, and a vast canopy of white vapour hangs over Ve suvius, forming at night, when illumi nated by the raging mass below, a glory of resplendent flame around: the sum mit of the mountain. It may seem strange that the neigh• bourhood of so dangerous a mountain should be inhabited by races free to i choose indre peaceful districts. Yet, though Herculaneum, Pompeii, and Stabue lie buried beneath the,lava and ashes thrown forth by Vesuvius, Por tici and Resina, Torre del Greco and Torre dell' An n uuziata have taken their place; and a large population, cheerful and prosperous, flourish around the dis turbed mountain, and over the district of which it is the somewhat untrust worthy safety-valve. It has, indeed, been well pointed out by Sir Charles Lyell that, " the general tendency of subterranean movements, when their effects are considered for a sufficient lapse of ages, is ealinently beneficial, and that they constitute an essential part of that mechanism by which the integrity of the habitable sur face is preserved. Why the working of this same machinery should be attended with so much evil, is a mystery far be yond the reach of our philosophy, and must probably remain so until we are permitted to investigate, not our planet alone and its inhabitants, but other parts of the moral and material universe with which they may be connected. Could our survey embrace other worlds and the events, not of a few centuries only, but of peri ods as indefinite as those which which geology renders us familiar, some apparent contradictions might be recon ciled, and some difficulties would doubt less be cleared up. But even then, as our capacities are finite, while the scheme of the universe may be infinite, both in time and space, it is presump tuous to suppose that allsource of doubt and perplexity would ever be removed. On the CODtrary.they might, perhaps,go on augmenting in number, although our confidence in the wisdom of the plan of nature should increase at the same time; for it has been justly said" (by Sir Humphrey Davy) "that the greater the circle of light, the greater the boun dary of darkness by which it is sur rounded." A New Express company A bill has passed the Senate of this State chartering a company to be called the Penn sylvania Express Company. The corpora tors are Geo. K. Anderson, of Venango county, J. D. Cameron, of Harrisburg, Chas. Miller and J. Berry, of Philadelphia, and M.S. Quay, of Blair. Railroad, canal and insurance privileges are given to this new company, and it will no doubt be a formidable rival of Adams Express. If through its agency express charges are re duced the people will be benefitted to that extent. Pennsylvania Legislature and Alta Vela. A joint resolution has passed the Penn sylvania Legislature reguestirtg the Presi dent of the United. States to give protection to all persons engaged in the guano trade, and to cause the government of Bt. Domingo to restore to the United States the Island of Alta Vela, in the Caribbean sea, which was forcibly wrested from our citizens. The joint resolution will be dispatched to the 'President at once. 4ttioceltanrcato. (correspondence of the New York Te:egram The Ku•Klul•Elan. NASHVILLE, Tenn., March 31, 1863 1=11.3 That au order or society exists in this State known as the Ku-Klux-Klan, and composed principally, though not er.- tirely, of persons who were engaged in the late rebellion, no one cognizant of the fact will pretend to deny. This so ciety, or Klan, hail its orgin, according to the best authorities, a few months since in Giles county, in this State, and It at present exists most largely In the three fertile and populous counties of Giles, Maury and Lincoln. It has, how ever, extended Itself elsewhere over the State, and at the present time probably has its members in every county in Tennessee. It is not even improbable that Klaus may have been organized in other States of the South. What the term " liu- Klux" means or whence it is derived I have not been able to find out. Aside from the objections which m!y he justly urged against all secret political organ izations, there Is nothing really terrify• lug In the tenets and practices of the Klaus, as the charges, obligations, &c., of the order will sufficiently show. How your correspondent became possessed of the ritualof theKu•Klux-Klau it would, perhaps, be going too far to say. He can only personally vouch for the au• thenticity of the portions furnished. ELIGIBILITY TO ME3IBERSHIP No person shall be eligible to member ship In this Klan who shall not have at tained the age of eighteen, and be per sonally known to at least six members as a sober and discreet person ; nor shall any person be admitted as a member until after he has been unanimously elected by the members attending a regular gathering of the Klan. Upon the election of any applicant in , the manner herein before described, quali fied as hereinbefore required, he may be initiated at any regular or called gathering thereafter which may be con venient. The chief officer of each Ku-Klux- Klan is styled the Grand Cyclops, and is so called, perhaps, because he is sup posed to have but one eye, with which• he only looks straight forward to the path of his duty When an applicant for membership has been elected, and appears for Initiation, he is Introduced to the Grand Cyclops, who reads to him the following charge in the presence of the Klan : CHARGE AT INITIATION. You have been unanimously chosen as a person worthy of fellowship with the members of this Klan. Before pro ceeding with your initiation it becomes my duty to impose on you the following obligation, which you will recite after me: OBLIVATION OF CANDIDATE I. —, do solemnly promise that the fact of my election and Introduction to this Klan, and all things and per sons that I have here seen and heard, as well as the fact of this gathering and the existence of this Klan, I will for ever keep secret and never divulge to any person or persons whatsoever not members of this Klan. This I promise solemnly, under penalty of all that I can pledge. It further now becomes my duty to read to you the doctrines and creed of our Klan, In order that if, in any in spect, you dissent therefrom, you may presently retire. We hold that, as God gave to men reason with which to work out their own good, sincerity and candor in poli tics are essential to the welfare of gov ernments and people, and that tile ab sence of these qualities In the political professions of parties and nations is as fatal to national prosperity and success us their absence from tile religious pro• fessions of men is destructive of individ ual wellbeing and happiness; and that the crime of hypocrisy being In both cases the same, the penalty only falls with more direct and crushing effect where large parties, comprising an en tire people, have allowed themselves to participate In the demoralizing prac tices of falsehood and deception. We hold that no good, but only ulti mate failure and ruin can come to any government In which the people and their constituted authorities do riot toll as with a, single eyo in all political af fairs for the common good, regardless of the vanity of party triumphs, and In the full spirit of honesty, patriotism and truth. We hold that lu the manifest ar(anze meuts of Providence the United States of America was designed to be a coun try inhabited, ruled and enjoyed by white men of the European of Caucasian descent, for their own good and the ulti mate development of the highest civili zation permitted to man on earth. Proud to belong to a race which has hewn out and built up every monument that marks its progress from primitive equality to the dominion of the world, and grateful to Proviclencg for its exal tation above the other races of the globe, we hold that any attempt to exalt the inferior races, either negroes or Indians, by placing them upon a forced social or political equality with white persons in this country, to say nothing of their bolstered domination over then, can only be fraught with the must deplora ble injury and mischief. As a superior race, it is our privilege and duty to in struct and regulate them for their wel fare and our own ; but it is not their rightthat we should degrade our race by attempting the impossible experiment of identity with them. We hold that to establish negro equality at the ballot box in the South ern States, where the African race so largely exists, is only planting anew iu the side of the nation the thorn of sec tional strife. If negroes are permitted to vote in those States they will add largely, of course, to the numerical strength of the South; and in less than ten years after a complete restoration of the Union objections will come from New England that such things should not be—that representation in Congress based upon the negro hordes in the South is unjust to the white masses of the intelligent North. If in the mean time the South should persist iu main taining its strength in Congress by vir tue of such representation, another sectional broil would be inevitable. It is the part of wisdom to guard against such calamity by removing the cause which may obviously produce it. From these principles, if you choose, you are now at liberty to dissent, in which event you will be safely conduct ed from\the presence of this Klan.— Your silence, however, implies your as sent to what you have heard, and your initiation will proceed. You will now I take upon yourself the solemn obliga tions of a member of this Klan. The obligations you will recite after me.— The members of the Klan will rise. OBLIGATIONS OF MEMBIIHSHII —, do solemnly promise that I will forever keep secret and never di vulge to any person or persons whatso ever, except those entitled as members to know Y the same, the proceedings, doings, signs, passwords, secrets and mysteries of this Klan, which are re quired to be kept secret, and that I will never divulge to any person not a mem• ber the fact that I belong to this Klan, nor the name of any other person as belonging to the same, nor the fact that any such Klan exists, nor the place or places of gathering of this or any other Klan ; and that I will at all times ob serve discreet silence in regard hereto. This I promise solemnly under penalty of all that I can pledge. I do solemnly promise that I will use all my moral power, influence and energy to defeat the establishment of negro suffrage in the States of this Union .and to confine the privileges of the elec tive franchise to white men only; and that while I can have no feeling of 111 will toward any negro on account of his race or color, and will never treat them in any other spirit than that of human ity, kindness, sympathy and justice, yet I will never knowingly patronize in business or fraternize in society with any white man who, while in favor of making voters of the negroes, would disfranchise the white 'citizens of any portion of this land. This I promise solemnly under penalty of all that I can pledge. I do solemnly promise that wheniver it shall come to my knowledge tbatthe widow or minor children of any Con federate soldier, slain in the battler of the late war, or who otherwise died in the service of the South, is in trouble; suffering or want, I will extend thereto such protection and aid as my circute stances will permit, and that I will re• port the same without delay to thou who may extend further relief. This I promise solemnly, under penalty of all that I can pledge. Ido solemnly promise that I will, as a member of this Klan, yield proper obedience to alliits mandates and offi cers; that I will shrink from. the dis charge of no duty or responsibility this day assumed, and that I will so conduct myself in obedience to the laws of the land, so long as the same can be en• lured, as to give no fuel to the,flres of hate which rage in the hearts of our enemies or bring just reproach • upon this or any other Klan, this I promise solemnly, under penalty of all that I can pledge. [The members of the Klan are resented. j The obligations being taken; the ap plicant is at once entrusted With the passwords, recognition signs and other mysteries of the Klan, and is permitted at last to feel himself invested with all the honors, privileges and responsibili ties of a full-fledged member. In an swer to the great length of the initiatory ceremony of the Klans, itmay bestated that seldom less than a dozen persons are initiated at the same time. Since the existence of this organize tion became known innumerable hoaxes have been perpetrated upon the local newspapers at many places iu the State. These jokes are generally in the form of brief and mysterious notices or orders, got up in the Black Crook style of liter ature, breathing a bloody and infernal spirit. They are the productions of M 'sob le vous students, shop boys and ap prentices, who stick them through key holes and other apertures into the rural printing offices, from which tney often emerge as printed wonders. Of course their authors have no connection with Klaus. A Presidential Talk. What lElr. Johnson nays of Impeachment and the Impeachers-ti en. Emory's 'res. t I ut orly—The Speeches nt Cleveland and St. Louts—Urnnt's Drunkenness. Correspondence of Cincinnati Commercial. WASEIINGTON, Friday, Aprils, 1868. Say rather, two Presidential talks in one letter, for I have seen A. J. twice within the past week, and conversed with him freely on each occasion on political topics, and especially on the great subject which now monopolizes the attention of the peo pie throughout the country, and may be naturally supposed to engross a good share of the time and contemplation of His Ex cellency. On Sirtiday night I found the President, HS I thought. quite despondent. He seemed to have read in tho proceedings of the trial, as far as it had then progressed, enougS to justify his fears on the subject of his own fate, and to have come to the conclusion that the case had been prejudged against Mtn. Moro titan once, however, in the course of the two hours I was with him, he expressed the hope that he would be fairly heard, and coupled it always with implicit confidence in his full vindication. The idea was, that unless ho had been condemned before the trial begun, he should certainly be acquitted at its close. Last night I called on him again. He bail entirely recovered from his eespon dency, and was in his accustomed good spirits, not only confident, but even corn lattice, insisting all the way through, not only that he was right, but that Congress r was wrong. nn rit•the wrong end of the avenue was in ocess of impeachment. A friend to whom have since spoken of the contrast which those two paragraphs pre sent, explained it at once by saying: "That's the way it hna been with him ever since the impeachment began. He is constantly al ternating between the fears that he won't be fairly tried and the conscionsgess that comes from a knowledge that he has com mitted no impeachable offence." BEN. BUTLER Naturally enough the subject oft Gen. Butler canto up on Sunday evening is the town was full of rumors about . tho great speech to bo made next day by that distin guished gentleman. I asked the President If Butler hadn't applied to him in 18435 for a Cabinet office? 4' No," he said, "Butler himself never did, but his friends did it for him. A strong movement was made to get Butler in Stanton's place, and because it didn't succeed, Butler has been pretty sharp after me over since. The idea was to put Butler in the War Office as the first step to ward reorganizing the Democratic Party with such men as he at the head of it." I asked the President if Forney wasn't on the same track with Butler in the matter of reorganizing the Democratic party. "Yes," ho said, "ho wss; and he (Forney), began to grumble as early as December, Mk—just after the Presidential election—because Democrats like himself had been neglected and badly treated during Lincoln's first administration. The first thing ho did was to write mo a letter, hoping that when I came to the Vice-Presidency I would give him the control of some patronage that he said belonged to the office of Secretary of the Senate, but had of late years been given to the Sorgennt-at-Arms. Ho hoped I would change that. Then when I became President he was still more Importunate for something or other that he wanted. Ho always wanted something. He thought he could take charge of me and control every thing, and when I wouldn't let him do that he quarreled with me. He Is a- mighty small man to quarrel with, but, if it was worth while, I could very easily show the motive of this opposition to me," The President also showed maa letter from For ney, dated Jan. 7, 1865, in which the writer hopes the admission of Tennessee and Louisiana will not be embarrassed by the question of negro suffrage, and doesn't. see how Northern men can vote to enfranchise the illiterate negroes of the South while in nearly every State in the North the blacks are disfranchised. "AD INTERIM TEIONIAS." Much of the conversation last evening re lated to the testimony already adduced on behalf of the prosecution. I remarked to the President that they hadn't yet shown that General Thomas spoke from any au thority from him when he talked of using force to eject Stanton. " No,",said he, "and they won't show it either. On the contrnry, it will appear, before the trial is over, that I warned hint to be very careful how he preceeded, as I wanted everything done quietly and peacefully, for no other purpose than to test the validity of the Tenure-of- Office law. Thomas seems to be a queer old gentleman." continued the President. "He has acted very strangely in parts of this matter 13nt the fact is, be got a little refreshed over his appointment at first. You know how it is with these military men—how much style they like to put on, and how much fuss they like to make, and how they like to show their authority.— Well, Thomas felt vary big when be got to he Secretary of War. Stanton had treat ed hint pretty sharply on some occa sions, and here, he thought, was a good chance for him to show himself a bigger man than Stanton. He felt his importance that day very much, and was so much elated that he ran around tell- ing everybody what he would do. Well, now if he meant to do anything very bad, he wouldn't have talked so freely about it. Men generally don't mean what they say when they brag as much as he did. But so far from my authorizing him to use force, I sent for Lim that morning, while his ap pointment was being made out, and talked to him in this very room, to caution him to proceed quietly. When his commission and Stanton's removal were made out, I put them down on the table here, and said I to him • Now, this thing must be done very carefully and very regularly. Here is your commission, and here isStanton's removal. You'll keep title and show it toStanion. He (Stanton) will get the notice of his removal You had better take somebody with you when you go to the War Office, to use as a witness id case there is any trouble. He want over to the War Office and talked to Stan ton, and carne back to mo in a few min utes very much rejoiced. Hesaldhohadseen Stanton, that it was all right, end that he would get possession of the War Office Just as soon as Stanton could pack up his papers. lie felt that he was Secretary ea War and a member of the Cabinet, and all that; and I never saw a man more elated over a posi tion In my life. But the first thinghe knew, Stanton had reconsidered his determination to pack up and leave, and the next time he called at the War Office the Unable began. However, the whole thing will be cleared up its the trial progresses. Nadi' be shown that I not only didn't authorize Thomas to use either threats or force, but that in fact I warned him against both, and, told him to proceed cautiously and quietly and In presence of a witness. Of coolie they can't hold mo responsible either for what Gen. Thomas said or for what he did I-indepen dent of my orders. Suppose ordered Thomas to go to New York on business, and that ho went down to the railroad depot with a company of soldiersand seized a train to take hint there, would I be responsible for that act simply because L had ordered him to New York? Certainly not; and neither am I responalble for what he did or said outside of my orders in the matter of the War Office." Further on in the conversation the Presi dent expressed disappointment and regret in the appointment of Thomas; but he thought all the trouble arose from the fact that Thomas got "refreshed" over his pro motion, and felt so big at the idea of being above everybody else in thaarmy,•thtff he hardly knew how to contain hinaself.. lie thought that the fact of his being found at a masked ball, that night, explained' a good deal of It, and was itself an explanation of Thomas' "elated" condition., OEM. ESSORY'a TESTIMONY. I asked the President if he had rend the testimony of General Emory, given that day, (Thursday.) Yes, he said, he had just 'finished the reading of it in the afternoon piper, as I came in. " Well,*list do you tbak. of it 1" said. I, adding ;Mat) Emmy seemed to have votudderad Monett &very imPOta*PV/tion . in the ere n s P thie h and NUMBER 15 one to whose patriotism and integrity the country was much indebted. "Yes," said the President," and there's where he makes a great mistake. He talks as if I bad sent for him to advise with him, and to discus. constitutional questions with him, when I did nothing of the kind. If I had been in need of a constitutional adviser, rd have have sent for somebody else. Tho reason I sent for him was this : I wise told that morning, on very good authority, which I could not well disregard, that important changes and movements in the troops about Washington had been going on without my knowledge or advice. I had boon told that Stanton had been giving orders, as if to got ready for a disturbance here, which he seemed to anticipate, and during which be proposed to make an easy matter for some body else to step in and get possession of tbo Government. I didn't know how mach truth there was in It; but Secretary Wolies had called on me, and insisted that I should take some notice of the matter. So I sent for Emory and questioned him about the disposition of troops here, merely to find out if these changes had been made; and if so, by whose authority. He over esti I mated his own Importance, and thought I wanted to consult him on another subje,t, and discuss constitutional questions with him. When Secretary Woltes is called to the stand, he will very readily explain why I sent for Emory. As to the other conver sation with me, which Emory details, it had nothing to do with the trial at all. He speaks of himself as objecting, in a very patriotic way, to the Maryland militia be cause they worea gray uniform. He intro duced that subject himself. I never asked him a word about it. But he makes it ap pear that I wanted to use the militia of Maryland for some purpose or other. I never made asuggestion of the kind to him. Here again he would make me appear as taking him for ono of my confidential ad visers, which I never had the remotest idea of doing. My object that time was to find out how many troops there wore In the do fartment, and to know whether the colored troops who were about the city couldn't be replaced with white troops. I thought it best, after the war wo had gone through, that white troops should be hero instead of black ones. This is the seatof Government, and foreigners aro coming here all the time. If they Caw none but block troops here they might got the Idea that tho rebellion was put down by them alone and that they were on duty hero because they were better troops than the whites. I have no preju dice against negro soldiers at all. but I thought if white troops were to be had they would be better than black ones tor the gar rison of Washington; that's all. And out of that little matter lien. Emory, without stating the real object of his conversation with me, makes a big story about gray uni forms and rebel militia." I said to the President that they would commence the testimony on the last articles, or those relating to his Cleveland and St. Louis speeches, to morrow, and asked him if be denied the correctness of the reports of those speeches, as presented to the Court. Yes, ho said he did, and he denied alcove all the right to introduce mere extracts from long speeches, omitting the context, and saying nothing about the circumstances under which they were delivered. As for the Cleveland speech. he said, " I did not intend to make any speech there at all. My intention was to come out in response to the call of the people, and excuse myself and then retire. Ilut as soon its I appeared -.me people in the crowd cominenced to hoot at me, end question me, and badger nie, and I thought I'd go in and intone° them. I have been in political life a long time and dm naturally combative. I don't propose to ho hooted down by anybody, and especially I didn't propose to be hooted down by a set of men sent out for th at pur- pose, as those fellows were at Cleveland and elsewhere. So they went for roe, and I went for them, and we had it hot and heavy for awhile. They would listen to me for awhile, but kepLinterrupting me to pre vent me from saying anything. I was do termined they shouldn't succeed, but that since they didn't want to lot me speak I'd speak anyhow• And I kept on until got trio better of them, and after a short time they listened to me In perfect silence. If I used any rough expressions they were put into my mouth by my enemies. I said a good deal then that I might not have said If they had not provoked tne to it, but I did not say all I might have said either. As to the S.. Louis speech, the report or that Is garbled. lam made to talk of kicking Congress out, when what I did say was that I would kick out certain office.holders, and that phrase was put into my mouth by some one in the crowd." As to the charge that it was . undignified and unbecoming in the President of the United States to make stump speeches in this way, he said he did not believe just then was the tune to talk of dignity. There were great questions before thu people, and it was more important that they should be understood than that anybody's dignity should bo preserved. Besides, sold be, " Did not Mr. Lincoln make stump speeches on his way to Washington, and often after ward? Nobody objected to that, and no crowd hooted him or badgered him us they did with me. Other Presidents have done the Ramo thing. But do they propose to lin peach moon a question of taste and dignity? Is It dignified in Mr. Wadeto go around t..e country calling me a d—d traitor, and must I be impeached if I say a word in reply ?" From this particular point, by au easy transition, we passed to the charges of INTOXICATION-GRANT TOO FAR GONE TO KNOW ANY THING ABOUT POLITICS The President said ho was perfectly will ing they should investigatehis condition on that trip. The public had been led to be lieve that he was intoxicated all the way, from the time he left Washington till he got back. But let them take the trouble to Lind out, and they would discover that that was a great mistake. " They'll find out, et any rate, that I didn't drink half RS much as one or two others, about whose condition nobody dares to say a word." "I think I can guess the name of ono of them," said I. "Didn't he go from Cleve land to Detroit, and wasn't It announced with a great flourish of trumpets that he had left your party in disgust ?" Yes," replied the President, " lie went to Detroit ; but it wasn't because he was disgusted with my politics at all. In fact, he wasn't in a condition to know much about politics Just then." The President seemed to feel quite vexed over the reflection that he was the only one accused of hilarity on that circle trip. " vary strange," said he, 'that some men will be abused like the devil for drinking a glass of whisky and water, while others in equally important stations may almost roll in the gutters, and not a word is said about it. It is so of different men in Congress. Some of them are abused as drunkards, if they are seen drunk once, and others aro drunk all the time, and not a word is said about it. So it is with me. People have been told all sorts of lies about me in -hie particular; but there has never been any thing proved against me, though they have tried it often enough. Out of all the wit• nesses examined about that trip of 1E1136, there is not one who proved that I was drunk. But the people are told it through the Press and politicians—in the newspa pers and on the stump—and I have never taken the trouble to deny it. Yet the man to whom I have Just now alluded, has been in this very room so drunk that he couldn't stand straight on his legs. I'd like to know why I'm abused ell the time for what I don't do, and why never a word is said about him for what he does do. It is a very queer system of morale, I think, to say the least of it. There is no fair play about it, nor any of that even-handed Justice that should characterize the people in their treatment of public men. If they want to investigete my conduct, or any subject con nected with it, they aro at perfect liberty to do so; but I think they owe it to inn and to themselves that they should not abuse me unjustly at the same time they cover up the crimes of others. Fair play is a Jewel, they say, and I don't think I have forfeited the right to ask It." This was said in a tone of evident good humor, which at the IMMO time showed that he felt very keenly the Injustice of the op. ular notion that lie drinks all the whisky consumed in Washington City. It is, per haps, worth while to add that it is a fact susceptible of the best of proof that his ag gregate consumption of spirituous liquors in the pest year has not amounted to a pint In excess of the wino he has drank at - State dinners. But notwithstanding this, I doubt if it le possible to persuade the loyal masses that ho ever goes to bed sober, Jest as, on the contrary, with regard to the gentleman who "got disgusted with his Copperhead ism" at Cleveland, and had such a funny way of showing his distipprobatioes, It would be useless for an angel from Heaven to come down and swear that lie ever Indulged in anything stronger then cold water. . . Il=l Alluding to the charges of " usurpation," so freely made against him and his Admin. istratlon, he said ho would like some one to point to a single act of usurpation ever com mitted by him." "So far from usurping power not belonging to the Executive" said he, " I have simply attempted to resist the encroachments of the Legislative upon the Executive Department. Tho whole course of legislation, for the past two years, has been an effort to encroach upon the consti tutionAl powers of the Executive—to curtail them and destroy them. I have exercised the negative power vested in me to resist these encroachments. This power is , in its nature, conservative and not aggressive. The aggressions have all come from the other end of the avenue." . He then spoke very earnestly in illustra tion of these points, showing that Congress, and not he, had attempted to usurp powers not belonging to it. It was a great mis take, be said, long since pointed out by Chatham, to suppose, that a representative body could not play the tyrant as well as a single individual ; 'and that the tyranny of 'the many was not more dangerous than the tyranny of the few; quoting from Chat ham,s speech, which he had recently , been reeding, is w hich the great' Englisheitates EATii-brAvvritkinsirmte. BrIBINZINS ADaIeaTIOZXICaTe, 112 a year pe ware of ten lines; $8 par year for each ad dtbionla square. REAL I:STATE A OVEUTESInfI. 10 Cant& a dna for the arid, and Semite for Olen inthaequent In ner Von. CIPMEItAL A DVIRTISING 7 cacti lino for Lbw, dno, nnd 4 coati; for each subs oquent • ineer.' Mon. Spactat. NorzC Ineertegl'ln Local cniuronl 15 cents per llne. SPXCIAL NOTICas preceding InArrntgea and deaths, 10 cents per line for first Insertion and 6 cents for every subsequent Insertion. LaGAL AND OVEL a a VOTIaLS— Executors'2.6o Administrators' ....... 2.50 Assignees' 1460 Auditors' notices 200 Other "Notices,' ten lines, or less, three times man arraigns the Rouse et Commons ror acts of tyranny and Usurpation. ROME POINTS OF EVIDENCE The President complained that the whole case against him thus fir was made up of what could be gleaned from the private conversation of unauthorized persona, and that In all this not it single proof had been given that ho was a party to any of the al leged plots or conspiracies, or that he had any knowledge whatever of them. I told him that in \view of this fact it would be well enough to introduce In the trial a pil -1 vale conversation between Mr.' Stokes, of Tennessee, and Senator Sumner, which took place in the street ears that dny, Thursday. these two gentlemen entered into loud and unreserved conversation .about impeach ment and its probable raw. Sumner said there were six Republicans who were con -idered doubtful, but that strong influences were being brought to b. or upon them, and he thought they would yet be brought around. Ono of the doubtful 0110.4 was Fowler, of Tennessee, who seemed to need "hacking," and the question was propound ed by Sumner to Stokes whether something couldn't be done with Fowler to '•antlen him up." Stokes replied that he didn't know; he was sorry to ,eo Fowler so weak on the question, said ho added that, if the President wcro not convicted, blood would flow in Tennessee. This Inner clause, which I have emphasized, I thought should be brought out In the trial, as It was itnportant to know the connection between the acquit tai of the President anti the blood or Ten noisetins. The President was very much Interested in this, and said the matter ought., by all means, to be hrotight to the attention of the Court. ==! 'Another matter for which I bay° boon hlamed and denounced," said the Priam. dent, "Is corruption and crime In the Rev enue Department. Well, If then true, why has not the Senate acted upon the eames of suspension fur cause that I have atibmltted to It. There are a great many of these cases now pending, but they wcn't act on them. They have taken no notice of any but the trilling CllBO of some Postmaster. I have never failed to do my part by suspending persons accused of crime or corruption.— Why don't the Senate act m what I have dready called their attention to?" tootlaud's Mertnnu gittcrO. H. 001 , L4NIVII OF.RMAS trITrEIII4, ROOFLAND'S GERMAN TONIC The Great Remldles for all Diseases of the LIVER, 14TOXIACIII, on DIVESTIVE ORGANS. HOOFLAND'S IiERMA.N BITTERN Is composed of the pure Jglees (nr, as they are medicinally termed, LI Et:racial of Bores, Herbs, and Barks, LI making a yrepuM -01011, highly concentrated, and entirely free from alcoholic ralna.rture of any kind. HOOFLANUS GERMAN TONIC, le n combination Of all the Ingredients of the Bitters, with the purest quality of Santa Ova Rum, Orange, he., malting one of . toe most pleasant and agreeable remedies ever olthred to the public. Thoue preProugn Medlokno free from Alen. belle admixture, will ore liOOFLAND'ei GERMAN BITTERS Those who have no objection to the cornbi nation of the Bittern, no slat.cd, will nee HOOFLAND'S UERNIAN TONIC. They are both equally good, and contain the Same medicinal virtues, the choice between the [WO bring a mere matter of !tulle, the Tonle bring the most palatable. Thu tolunch, Iron] n variety of Cattses, ouch us Indigestion, Dyspepsia, Nervous Dotiility etc., is very apt in huvu Its functions der ~n The Liver, sympa ("I,l,lilzlng ' , it does with the ‘..J Stomach. . comes affected, the result of which In t 1;a, latient miffs,a from several or more of the lol• owing diseases: Constipation, Flatulence, Inward Piles, Ful ness of Blood to the Head, Acidity of the Stomach, Nausea, Heartburn, Disgust for Food, Fulness of Widgh. tho Stomach, Sour Eructa.lons, Sinking or Fluttering at the Pit of the Stain, eh Swimming of Elio Head, Hurriedor Diflicult Breath ing, Fluttering at the Hoart, Choking or Suflbcating So win t I on a when in a Lying Posture, Dim tloBB of Vision, Dots or Webs he- . _ fore the Sight, Dull Pain In the Head, Defloieney of Perspiration, Yellowness of the Iskin and Eyes, Pain in the nide, Back, Cheat, Limbs, etc.,Sudden Flushes of Heat, Burning in the Fesh, Constant Imaginings of Evil, and Great Depression of 'spirits. The sufferer from those diseases should ex ercise the greatest caution in Ito selection of a remedy for his case, purchasing 001. that which ho is assured from his luvestiga- Woos and inquiries V poSseeses true merit, is skilfully oompoundeti, is tree from injurious ingredient's r and has established for itself a 'a illation for the cure of How diseases. In this connection we would submit those well known remedies— 1100FLAND'S UERMAN 13ITTERH HOOFLAND'S UiRMAN TONIC), PREPARED BY Dr. C. M. JACIiMON,, PHILADELPHIA. PA. Twenty-two years since they were first In trixlk ri Into this country from Get many, dur ing whiah time they have undoubtedly per formed more cures, and henufltted milfering humanity Loa greater extent, than any other remedies known to the public. These remedies will effectually cure Liver Complalnt,Jaundlce, Gi Dyspepsia, Chronic. or Nervous Diarrimea 12 Disease a Lhe Kid neys, and all Diseases arising from a Disor dered Liver, fitomada or Intestines. DEBILITY, flesnltlog from any Canoe whotevor PIIO , IRATION OF THE MtnTh;3l, Induced by 8 yore I nbor, Hard. ships, Lxposore, Fevers, ate. There le no medicine extant equal to those remedies lu much cases. A tone and vigor ix imparted to the whole system; the appetite is strengthened, food Is enjoyed, the atonnion digests promptly, the blood is purified, the complexion beauties sound and healthy, the yellow tinge le eradicated from the eyes, a bloom is given to the cheeks, and the weak and nervous invalid becomes a strung and healthy being, PERSONS ADVANCED IN LIFE, And feeling the hand of time weighing bowl ly upon them, with alt Stn attendant ills, wit I find to the useof this SITTEKB, or the TOIVIC, au elixer that will instil new life into their veins, restore in a m•asurs the energy and ardor of more youthful days, build up their shrunken forms, and give health and lieppl. nese to their remaining years. NOTICE. It Is • well-estabilshed fact that fully one. halt of the !emote portion of our population are seldom In the enJ,,4 Joy mon of good health; or, to use o:is-Mown expreastou " never feel Well." They are languid, devoid of all energy, extremely nervous, and have uo apppetite. fa this class of persons the BITTF.RS, or the TUNIC, is especially revonameuded. WEAK AND DELICATE CHILDREN, Are made siring by the use of either of the e remedies. They Wi I cure every case of MAR- AhMI.I3 Without fall. Thousands of certificates have accumulated In the hands of the proprietor, but space will al ow of the publication of but few. Those, It will be obser% m., are men IA note nod of such Landing that they must bb believed. TESTIMONIALS. GE.O. W. WOODWARD Chief Justfcr of the • upreme Court of Pa., wrltes: lorou 111, feel. "I find ' Fioofland's German Illtiers' Is a COW tonic, useful In die- A elvnen“f the dig es tI vo organs, and of great tk • benefit lu e.tes of debility, and Want of nervous action In the system. Yours, truly, Gm. W. WOODWARD.' ..• Judge of the Supreme Cburt of Penn•yhytnia. /-hitacte4shla, A prls 01, INA. "I consider 'Elooflaud's derma,. Ditto s ' valunble medLcine In case of attacks of ntfigei- Lion or Dyspepsia. I can certify this from toy experience of It. tours, with respect, inomPsok." Facia Rive. JOSEPH H. KENNARD, I, . Pastor of the tenth Boyd,/ Church, Philadelphia. Dr. Jackson—Dear air: I have been Irequtut ly requested to connect my name with recoln• mendstions of different kinds of medicines, but regarding the practice KM out of my appro. prlate inhere, I have in all cases declined; but with a clear proof In fk,f various instances and particularly In 111 my own family, of the usefulness of Dr . ilooflend's Gerinun Bit ters, I depart for once (rota my wival course, to express my tall conviction that, for general detrital, W th e system, and especially for Leger Ormplaint, it 4 o safe and valuable preparalloe. In some cases It may fall; but usually, I doubt not, It will be very beneficial to those who suf fer from the above causes, Yours, very respectfully, J. 11. KENNARD, Elghtra, below Coasts, IR. dartakorit Editor flirtation amoebic, Plittaditiphita have derived decided benefit from the use of kloodland's German Bitters, and teal It my privilege to recommend themes a mon vide, b.e Louie, to all who are suffering from general detil.lty or from diseases arising from derange went p( trio liver. Inure truly,E. 1). Fleritkr.f. CAUTION Hootlaud's German Remedies nro counter feited. Sea that the olguatura of M. JACKSON to on the Jj wrapper of ellen hot. ue. JUL °therm are counterfeit. Principal Utllco and hfarintnatory at the Ger man Medicine btore, No. 031 ARCEt Street, Phllatlal c ia i Ft s L M. EVANS, Proprietor, Formerly C. M. JacKnox & Co. PRIOICH llootland's German Bitters, per bottle $l.OO • half dozen 6.00 Hoodand'a German Tonle, put up In quart but. Um, SL6O per bottle, or a nail uozen for g 7.50. 1111- Do not forget toe:Amine well the article you buy, o order to got the genuine. For Bale by DruggLta and Dealers In Medi eine. • verywhore. Jan 71 D. G. RHOADS, FLOUR, GRAIN AND PRODUCE COMMISSION MEB.CHANT, 18 LASALLE STREET,. CHICAGO, /LI.. Particular Atk:Mon paid to the parchiure' or Grain and Produce for eastern orders. • ' • BEPERENOSS: • ' ' Bashong &fro., Bankers, Reading:Perini, Barnhart Kocb, Grain tJoigerii, 'I • • •Whitloolg&,WaUlloe, Wm. genital:kW. Ui NauonaiAsalr, chloago, ILL . e P r • • 2tawdaeow
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers