hr funtaster Zntelligenter ORO.IIANDERSON, EDITOR. A. SANDERSON; Ammolit*. LANOAUMM. PA, JANUARY 15, 1881 0140PLAW1012, 2000 COPIZSI Etaficoligorl'in2, '22,00 per annum. - AL £ 00.1 ADMTIELIG Minn 119' Aswan street, New York. and 10 /Rate stmetrawton- B. M. Perzexens. k Co.; are Agents for he Dincarter Isfsqfpf ser, and the most inguential and largest ciranla qNNewjepessin the United States and the Osnadse.— anefpihorised to contrast for ne at our lowest miss V. B. Parana, lite American Newspaper Agent, - N. Y. corner Fifth and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia; is authorised to receive subscriptions and advertisements for this paper, at our lowest rates. His receipts will be re. - girded as pimento._ THE' PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. One of the most important State papers Ihattas emanated from the Executive Man sion. Shine the'Lmemorable Proclamation of Gen. JACKSON against Nullification in 1832, is the Special Message of President Bucnex— ast, which will be found in another column. To use the strong and emphatic language of • Eorney's its tone is so patriotic, states• manlike, and vigorous, as to commend it to the public Lie one of the best State papers that our political _literature has yet produced.— Short, pointed, and emphatic, it will be read with, pleasure all over the country, and even who are not prepared to endorse all its suggestions will still have to acknowledge that its aiathor has addressed his countrymen in a style worthy of the Chief Magistrate of a great country, in the hour of its extremest Would to Heaven that infatuated men, North and South, would show the same con ciliatory and patriotic disposition which is so eminently conspicuous in the conduct and recommendations of Mr. BUCEIANAN ; then, and not till then, can we hope to see peace and prosperity restored to our distracted and bleeding country. DEMOCRACY vs. REPUBLICANISM The Republican leaders, by their policy of aggression upon the rights of the South and the equality of the States, having plunged the country not only into commercial, manufac taring and financial distress, but carried it to the verge of dissolution, are now endeavoring to inaugurate a civil war, with their new doc trine of coercion. Hence their opposition to the holding of Union meetings, to the adoption of the Crittenden Compromise, or any similar arrangement which would bring peace to our distracted country. They desire to see a united North against a united South ; hence they seize upon the secession of SoLth Carolina and the hostile attitude of the Southern States generally, (produced wholly and solely by *Abolition aggressions and transgressions against those States and upon the laws of Congress,) as just grounds for the whole military power of the North to be brought into requisition for the purpose of carrying the sword and the fire brand into the homes of our Southern brethren, under the specious plea of the necessity of preserving the Union, which everybody, except the Republican leaders, wants to see preserved, if it can be done by peaceable means. The Democratic party, on the contrary, has always been for peace in the Union. It has instigated no John Brown raids. It has fur nished no rifles to " bleeding Kansas." It has supported no bandit Montgomery. It has sent forth no missionaries to instigate slave insurrections, and to assassinate women and children. It has not desecrated the pul pit,.polluted the judicial ermine, and prosti tuted the forum to anti slavery fanaticism.— No Democratic Legislature has passed any anti slavery law, nullifying the laws of Con. grese. No Democratic mob has resisted the execution of the laws providing for the rendi tion of slaves. All these things have been the work of the Abolitionized Republican party, and the skirts of the Northern Demoa racy have not been defiled with them, neither' are they willing to stain them with the blood of their Southern brethren, unless in an ex Creme case of absolute necessity, which may kind Heaven in mercy avert. The Democracy are for peace at almost any sacrifice. They are averse to war of any kind, if it can be avoided with honor; and above all do they deprecate a civil war, so called, among our selves, in which brother shall be arrayed against brother, and father against son, in bloody conflict, and which can only terminate, if it ever does end, in a final separation of the States of this glorious Union. THE LEGISLATURE No business of importance has yet been transacted in the Legislature, except the election of a 11. S. Senator and State Treasurer; nor will there be, we suppose, until after the Inauguration frolic is over. The Standing Committees have been announced in both branches, and several projects have been started looking to the settlement of National affairs, but nothing is yet done. A large number of borers are said to be at Harrisburg, and any amount of special legis• lation will be enacted, now that Governor PACKER is out of the way. The Commonwealth will be fleeced this winter, by the Republican Legislature, or we shall be agreeably disap pointed. INAUGURATION. Governor ANDREW G. CURTIN will be inau gurated today. ANOTHER STATE GONE 1 Mississippi has followed in the wake of South Carolina. On Wednesday last, the State Couvention passed an ordinance, by a vote of 84 to 15, declaring the immediate secession of Mississippi from the Federal Union. In the evening, the town of Jackson, where the Convention is now being held, was bril liantly illuminated, and salutes were fired in honor of the event. The excitement is repre sented as being very great. MOUE STATES GONE! Alabama and Florida have also passed or dinances of secession, and therefore consider themselves out of the Union. The seceding States now number four, viz : South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida ; and it is believed that these will.ehortly be joined by Georgia, Louisiana, Arkansas and Fexas. VOICE OF VIKGINIA The House of Delegates of Virginia passed a resolution on Tuesday last, by a vote of 112 to 5, to the effect that, the Government of the Union has no power to declare or make war against any of the States which have been its Constituent members ; and that Virginia is unalterably opposed to any attempt at coercion to bring back the seceding States. THANKS—to Henry M. White, Esq., of the House of Representatives, for valuable public documents, &c. STATE TREASURER. Hon. HENRY D. MOORE, of Philadelphia, has been elected State Treasurer, to succeed Mr. Sung, t who is to be Secretary of the Commonwealth under Governor CuaZIN. Mr. GEORGE W. HAMERSLY, formerly of this city, is to be Deputy Secretary, and SAMUEL A. Rusymice, Esq., of Butler, Attorney General. A MONSTER. PETITION. A petition was presented in the Legislature last week, signed by 11,000 citizens of Phila. &lOU,. praying for the repeal of all laws conflicting with the letter and spirit of the • Constitution. It was the largest petitioti ever presented to the Legislature ,of this State, measuring over 500 feet in length. It was as large a bundle as one of the messenger. oould 4onvonisntly Garry. AN EXPLANATION. The Union Meeting advertised:in the Intel ligence?, ,Express, Examiner, and ITnion, to be held in the Court Itooni on Wednesday even ing last; not having taken place, it is proper for us to state the facts of the'case, and the con nection we had with the Subject. Weshall proceed to do so in 88$31/ words: es innesible.. On the Saturday morning privions we were called upon by two gentlemen—one a Repub lican, the other a Democrat—and requested to prepare a call for a Union meeting of the citizens, for, the purpose of sustaining Major Robert Anderson, of the U. S. Army, for his gallant conduct in the harbor of Charleston; also, for the purpose of approving the action of the National Administration so far as it went to sustain that brave officer in the faith ful discharge of his duty; andalaO to approve of the Crittenden Compromies, so called, or some other equally effective plan of adjusting our National difficulties. Sepposing that every body was in favor of such reasonable propositions, we did not hesitate to comply with the request by writing and subscribing our name to the call, and then handed it over to one of the gentlemen who had" called upon us. This is the last we saw of it, until we read it in the proof on Monday morning. In the mean time several gentlemen of all parties requested us to<call upon the County Com missioners and solicit the use of the Court Room for the meeting. We did so, on Mon day morning, in company with his Honor, Judge HAYES, a Republican and one of the signers to the call, and after the object was fairly and honestly stated to the Board by the Judge and ourself, the Commissioners without any hesitation complied with the request, and granted us the room. So far, so good. Bat the Express of Mon day evening discovered a mare's nest in the accidental omission in the call of the words "irrespective of party," although sufficiently explicit without them, and, in its usual jean• itical way, attempted to throw cold water on the movement, and frighten the County Com- , missioners out of their propriety. Accord ingly, late in the evening of Monday, one of the Commissioners, Mr. BOYER., called at the Mayor's Office, and informed us that, owing to the omission of the above mentioned words, there was objection made to having the meet ing held in the Court Room, and desired that the call should be amended by their insertion. We assured him that the call should be so amended in the Express, Examiner, and Union of next day, and he left us by saying.that, if the correction was made, we should have the Room—that it would " all be right." On Tuesday morning, according to promise, we called at the different printing offices and had the call amended on our own responsi bility. But, during the morning, we learned from one of the editors of the Express that the Commissioners had sent a card to their office revokidg the grant of the Court Room for the meeting. Upon hearing this, we, in company with JESSE LANDIS, Esq., another of the signers and also a Republican, called at the Commissioners' Office and found none of the Board present except Mr. GOOD. We read the to him, told him how it was amended, and-explained to him the whole object and purport of the meeting, when he expressed himself satisfied, and intimated to us that we could have the room. Judge, -then, of our surprise to find in the Express of that same evening (Tuesday) a communication signed by all the Commissioners, absolutely forbidding the use of the room for holding the meeting! assigning as a reason that we, Judge HAYES and ourself, had misstated or mierepre seated the true object of the meeting, and inti mating that it was to be a political meeting in disguise, and would give rise to angry and excited discussion. So far from there being any sinister or po itical object in the meeting, nothing was far ther from the thoughts of those who got it up The signers to the call are Democrats, Repub 'leans and Americans—about one half, not more, belonging to the Democratic party.— They are not it is true, as a general thing, lawyers, doctors, and gentlemen of leisure with long purses, and this is one of the reasons assigned by some for their hostility but they are mostly hard working, industrious me chanics, who feel the sad effects of the dis tracted state of the country, and who are anxious that something should be done, in a spirit of compromise, to adjust our difficulties and restore confidence and prosperity to the industrial interests of our Commonwealth. We have thus given a plain statement of the facts, as they occurred, for the truth of which we appeal to all the signers of the call, including Judge HAYES, Major B. F. Cox, Messrs. Lstqms, COCKLEY and other gentlemen belonging to the Republican party, who may be c )gnizant of them. We, ourself, had no hand in originating the meeting, and only partici pated in the way and manner above stated.— We never once thought of giving the meeting a party bearing, and would have opposed, with all our might, any attempt, if such should have beef) made, to give it a partizan character ; and we are very sure that nothing of the kind would have occurred, unless it was done by some of these ultra Republican leaders who opposed the holding of the meet ing, for the purpose of making trouble. The principal object of the meeting, as we understood it, was to endorse the Crittenden Compromise, and this, we apprehend, is the reason why the leading Republicans of the Stevens' stamp made opposition to it. They, following in the wake of their leader, are opposed to any compromise or conciliation whatever—preferring to see the country in volved in all the horrors of a civil war, which will bring misery and ruin upon the North and the South, rather than that there should be an amicable adjustment of our National difficulties. If Congress were to adopt the Crittenden Compromise, with the provision submitting its adoption to a vote of the people, the excitement would at once be allayed in the public mind, North, and it would not be sixty days until business would revive and prosperity again come to the whole country. We shall only add that the coarse taken by all the English Republican newspapers in this City—the Express, the Examiner, and the Union—in reference to the meeting, had, doubtless, some effect in• influencing the County Commissioners to revoke their grant of the Court Room. SECRETARY TROBIPSON RESIGNED Hon. JACOB Tnoursos, Secretary of the Interior, resigned his seat in the Cabinet on Tuesday, and has left for hie home in Missis sippi. The reason assigned is, because of the reinforcements sent to Major Anderson in the harbor of Charleston. Hon. JOHN A. Dix, of New York, it is said, will take charge of the Treasury Department, in place of Mr. Thomas, resigned. HON. EDGAR COWAN. This gentleman has been elected, by the Legislature, a Senator in Congress for six years from the 4th of March, to succeed lion. WILLIAM Blom, whose term will then expire. The vote stood, COWAN (Rep.) 98; FOBTIA (Dem.) 35. Mr. C. is said to be a man of ability and somewhat conservative in his views, and therefore much preferable to Mr. Wlmin, who was his principal competitor for the nomination. Senator CAMERON was strongly in favor of Wilmot, but was beaten oat in the oontest. EXCITING NEWS THE "STAR Or THE WEST" TIRED 1100114:, The steamship Star of the Weit, while endeavoring to enter Charleatoio Harbor, on Weiinesday last, with reinforoements and supplies for Major Anderson, was fired upon by the garrison' on Morris' Island and also -by. Fe# Moultrie,'but no injury was sustained by the vessel or those on board. The put about and went to ea. Fort Sumpter did not respond to the fire from the South Carolinians. But, eubee quently, Lieut. Hall was sent with a flag of truce to the Governor, by Major Anderson, to ascertain from the_executive whether the firng wits done by hie orders. The Governor justi fied the act, and endorsed the action of the South Carolina military. Whereupon Major Anderson immediately started a special mes senger to Washington with a copy of his correspondence with Governor Piokens, and will await further orders from the President in reference to what his action should be in the present emergency. Matters will, there• fore, remain in etatu quo, we presume, until fresh orders reach Major Anderson from Washington, unless, in the meantime, some additional overt act be committed by the South Carolinians. In that event, it is under stood that the batteries at Fort Sumpter will open upon the city of Charleston and the adjacent fortifications. The people of Charleston are represented as being intensely excited, but no insults were offered to Lieut. Hall in his visit to the Governor. Lieut. Talbot, the bearer of dispatches from Major Anderson, reached Washington on Friday, and left on Saturday morning with orders from the President. What were those orders are, of course, not known as yet. The Star of the West returned to New York. THE TRUE POLICY. Gov. PACKER, in his recent message to the Legislature, thus forcibly condensed the true policy which should be pursued at the present time : " The people of Pennsylvania are devoted . to the Union. They will follow its stars and stripes through every peril. But, before as suming the high responsibilities now dimly foreshadowed, it is their solemn duty to re— move every just cause of complaint against themselves, so that they may stand before High Heaven, and the civilized world, without fear and without reproach, ready to devote their lives and their fortunes to the support of the best form of Government that has ever been devised by the wisdom of man." This we believe to be a fair expression of the sentiments of nine tenths of the people of Pennsylvania upon the all observing topic of the day. The firm, but moderate and concil iatory tone of the Governor is identical with that of our citizens generally, save and except a few radical Abolitionized Republicans who can talk about-nothing but war and compul sory measures to remedy existing evils. Our people are without bluster, as they are with out fear. They are willing to correct what ever may be shown to be wrong in their past legislation as a matter of duty, not as a con cession (as is alleged by some of the more rabid Abolitionists) to the threats of Die unionists ; and they are united in their de termination to support the authority-of the General Government, without regard to the party which may be temporarily entrusted with the administration: WHO ARE THE SECESSIONISTS? We suppose that many of the present generation may not know that the New Eng. land States held a Convention in Hartford, Connecticut, during the last war with Great Britain, for the purpose of seceding from the Union. These patriotic States, which had refused to furnish their quota of 'militia to defend the country, when called upon the President, met in treasonable conclave while the country was involved in war with a foreign foe, and made arrangements to retire from the Union and from an alliance with England, then at war with the nation. These Hartford oonventionists actually sent commissioners to Washington to treat about their withdrawal, and were only arrested in their cowardly and treasonable designs by the signing of the treaty of peace. Now with such a record as this, coupled with their subsequent violations of the Constitution, is it not most amazing that any man in New England can, have the hardihood to talk of the present action of the Southern States? These Northern fanatics are the original seceders and the continued aggressors upon the Constitution and the rights of the' Southern States. They wanted to dissolve the Union in 1814-'l5, and they have done it in 1860. IMPORTANT FROM LOUISIANA. SEIZURE OP THY FORTS BY ORDER OP THE GOT New OaLrens, Jan. 10.—All the troops were under arms last night, by order of Gov— ernor Moore. Fiie companies embarked this morning at two o'clock, to seise the arsenal at Baton Rouge. The Orleans Battalion Artillery and four companies embarked at eleven for Forte Jack son and St. Philip, forty miles below, on the Mississippi, commanding the approach to New Orleans. The wharf was crowded with citizens, who vociferously cheered the departure of the steamer. Three companies left this afternoon on a steamer to seize Fort Pike, on Lake Pont— chartrain. New regiments of troops are being organ iced. A rumor prevails that the war steamer Crusader is ooming up the river, and the highest excitement prevails. Texas and Florida will also seise their for tificatioas. The troops in Tennessee and Mississippi are arming. Eight hundred thousand dollars in specie arrived to day from New York. SENATOR SEWARD This gentleman. who is to be the Premier of the new Administration, made a speech in the 11. S.. Senate, on Saturday last, in refer— ence to our National difficulties. It was, upon the whole, conciliatory ; but he made no practical suggestions by way of healing the troubles. Mr. S. is evidently an over rated statesman, having more of the philosophical than the practical in his composition, and is therefore not the man for the present crisis. THE EDITORS , BOOK TABLE. OODKY'S LADY'S BOOK, for February, Is already on our table, and a more Interesting number, or one more beautifully embellished, has never been issued by the enterprising publisher--and this is saying a great deal for a work which, of Its kind, has no superior anywhere. The Fashion Plate for February, entitled "A Cearaltation,7 is really a superb engraving. Bo also the frontispiece en titled "A High Walk in We. The other illustrations are varied and numerous, and the reading matter is excellent and interesting in every respect. The Lady's Book is beyond question the best magazine In the Union. THE NORTH BRITISH REVIEW, for November, and BLACKWOOD'S EDINBURG MAGAZINE, for December, have both.been received from the American Publishers, Leonard Scott A Co., New York. As usual they are well filled with strongly written and able articles on various subjects, which cannot fell to be highly interesting and instructive to the Intelligent reader. 4at. For eale at Weethaeffer's Book Store: 'THE METHODIST.—This admirable journal oommenced its second volume, on Saturday last, In a greatly enlarged form—thus giving evidence of full success In the enterprise. It 1@ published weekly In quarto fdrm, at lig per annum, inldvance, and Is now beyond question one of the largest, as It Is the cheapest, religions papers of the day. The cur .nt number contains an excellent engraving of Bishop - 81XPIION. of the U. B. Church. Those of our readers who desire a &steins religious journal, cannot do better than by subscribing for The Methodist. It Is published by L. Bangs, at No. 7 Beekman street. New. York, and edited by esoles B. Canon, D. D., and Josst McCuirroct, D. D., two of the ablest theologians in this country, who have all the necessary tact and energy to make it, what it la one of the mat interesting papers of its class in the Union. Mir A Bedicine scientifically compounded ; efficient in action, radical in its cures, con' taming nothing; noxious, but everything harmless, merits and will receive the support of the public. Witness the Oxygenated Bit. ter', that remarkable specific for Dyspepsia, Indigestion, and Cienersl Debility. CITY AND COUNTY A.IPPAIB.9. .• THE HOWARD EiVENINGS.—SAIIIIEL H. MIT. wows, Req., delivered the last Howard Lecture before s crowded house. He gave his audience truly able and .patriotic lecture, and In referring tolini. day on which the lecture win' delivered, (the Bth of.linnaiy,) and the glad:. one old hero, Andrew Jackson, hit mentlinentayrere noble and conservative, and excited lorplAnd prolonged applause. Mr. IL'ir manner and. delivery ward' calculated to please and Instruct any audience. - H . - • ," The Meennerrhor were pnwientignA, during the Interim* thvored the audience with sowuraholre ia4atlana,uf vocal made. The emulsion was pardelpated in by Blini 'Mtwara, Gee. McElroy, Zig., Prof. Wise and Judge Keyes, President of the Howard Association. The lecture this evening will be delivered by Rev. J. Isom Moamar, of St. James' Epboopal Church. Subject: "On Philosophy in Proverbs." It is not nearer, to ,say a - word in proles of therevidttid - grattLsmanlrabilities llnd qualifications eui a lectured. His meat lecture before the Howard Astoelation last winter Will not soon be forgotten, and is a sure guarantee that the one this evening will be a rare treat. Mr. ELI, one of our.most learned imam - Tow BTH or JANUalY.—Tuesday last, the .13th of limner!, was celebrated with becoadng spirit in this city by a parade of the military. The Feociblee, Cape luarrEms commanding. paraded in the.rwanuitur.and the Jackson Bides. Lieut. Rem commanding, paraded in the evening, and fired salutes in honorer the day in different quarters of the city. This latter company, we are informed, under their noble commander, CeptiLexamear, hold them selves ready at a moment's notice for service under the Government. We hope, however, they will not be needed. THE CADETS' EXHIBITION.—The Cadets of Temperance Exhibition it Fulton Hall, on Friday evening last was attended by a crowded home. The young gen tlemen acquitted themselves handsomely alb through, and in fact some of the scenes enacted would have been credit able to some of those who "walk the boards" as "stmt."— Indeed, the Firemen's Tableaux, and the scene of Wash ington crossing the Delaware, were represented in such a manner as not to be easily excelled, if equalled. The pro. coeds of the exhibition were for the Lamat of the Home for Friendless Children. A 'Bin AFFAIR.--A man named Brown was ehtt during an altercation, in West Earl township, on Sat urday evening het, by a young man named Bender, mild ing in this city. The shot was from a revolver, took effect under the left eye, and It is supposed will prove mortal.— Bender was arrested, and committed to prison on Sunday. We have heard several reports about the tragic affair, but as the subject will he legally investigated, we forbear any comments. COLD WEATHEIL—On Sunday morning last the thermometer fell So below zero in thie city. ..This WWI decidedly the coldest morning of the season. • THE INAUGURATION BALL.—The Inaugura tion Ball, to be given In the City of Harrisburg this even ing, It Is . said, will be a grand affair. Keffer's superb String Baud, of this city, is engaged to furnish the music, and we can assure the devotees of Terpeleboreat the State Capital and those Boit' other parts of the state that the music will be of a tiptop order. We commend all our Old Guard friends, who may happen to be there, to the care of the "gay and incomparable Jowls, of the Patriot. As an old citizen of our goodly city, he Is fully able to know and appreciate their numerous wants. But now terms, 'as old Rather Ritchie need to observe. • GREAT . TBWMPa ..—At the municipal election held on Monday the 7th inst., in the Borough of Columbia, the Democrats and Union men swept the board clear, and detested the stralght.otit Republican ticket "horse, foot, and dragoons." The following is the result Chief Burgett. Peter Braley (Dem. and Union) Samuel Truscott (Rep.) Majority Assistant Burgess. Joseph Tyson (Dam. and Union) ' Milton Wike (itep.) Majority.. Town Cburicii. 13. P. Eberlein M. S. Shaman B. P. Appold... W.lligbter... H. Bourbeer.... J. H. Black School Directors Samuel Grove H. M. North... D. I. Bruner... High Cbratablt. Samuel Wakes IL Derrick Majority 123 GREAT MEETING OF THE N. W. WARD De- DMORACY.—On Thursday evening last the Democracy of the North West Ward assembled at the Public House of Fred erlok Lutz, corner of North Queen and Lemon streets.— Alderman Chas. R. Franey was chosen President, Charles G. Beal, Vice President, and Col. J. F. Reigart, Secretary. The Chairman brisffy stated the object of the meeting. On motion of CoL JOhn.Bainkin, a committee, viz: Col. Rankin, Joseph Barnita, Lewis Zecher, Lieut. John Rees and Capt. Henry Bliokenderfer, were appointed to make the necessary arrangements for the ensuing City Election, and report to the meeting to be held at the Public House of Henry Rosenfelt, West King Street, on Thursday eve ning next. On motion of Mr. James Rogers, Col. Relgart wail re• quested to address the meeting. The Col. complied, and spoke amid great enthusiasm and applause. He concluded by offering the following resolution, which was unani mously adopted: Ruched, That we, the Democracy of the North West Ward, do hereby most determinedly declare ourselves firm and united in favor of the Constitution and Laws of the United States, and that we will use our beat efforts to maintain the Compromises, Principles and Peace of the Union forever. Alderman S. G. Musser offered the following, which was unanimously adopted: Resolved, That the Compromises offered by the Hon. J. J. Crittenden, now before the United States Senate, or any similar resolutions for the adjustment of our National dif ficulties, meet with the hearty approval of the Democracy. Col Rankin then offered the following: Resolved, That we most heartily approve of the conduct of the President of the United States, in his endeavors to pacifically settle the difficulties with South Carolina, and, notwithstanding be was abandoned by a portion of his Cabinet, the Democracy of the North West Ward, of the City of Lancaster, stand firmly by him and;the gallant Major Anderson in the course he has taken. Col. Rankin, Mr. Charles O. Beal, F. S. Pyfer, Esq., and Col. Relgart advocated the resolution, which was adopted unanimously, after which the meeting adjourned with cheers for the Union and the National Administration. • We are informed that this wee the largest and most en thusiastic Ward Meeting ever held in this city. TRIBUTE TO THE LATE DAVID BRANDT.—The following preamble and resolutions were adopted by the Board of Prison Inspectors, at their stated meeting on the Bth instant: Wuseafa, It has pleased God In Hie Providence, to re move by death our late fellow-member, David Brandt; thereforA, Respired. That whiteface bow In subminnion to Him who "death all thioge well," we mourn the lose of one endeared to us by mono pleasant associations. Resolved. That la the dwith of Davld Brandt we have lost a kind friend, whcwe amiable and gentlemanly deport. meat and strict integrity will ever be remembered by the member. of data Board Resolved, That a copy of the above preamble and reso- lutione be transmitted to the family of the deceased. be recorded in the minutes of the Board, and be published. SENATOR BIGLER. The propositions submitted by the vanera. ble Senator from Kentucky, a few days ago, are heartily endorsed by Senator BIGLER, of Pennsylvania, believing, as the latter does, that the plan of Mr. CRITTENDEN is the best yet submitted. As a proof of this, we will cite the following remarks of Senator Thous on the occasion of the presentation of some petitions from Pennsylvania, relative to the National difficulties. He used the following language: " I will remark in this connection, Mr. President, with the indulgence of the Senate,. that meetings of a similar character have been held in different parts of that great State, and I believe in every instance their proceed ings have breathed a spirit of loyal devotion to the whole country, and fidelity to the in, stitutions of the country, to the Constitution, and the Union as they now stand. They further manifest the utmost disposition on the part of the people of that State to avoid even an appearance of evil, for the purpose of pro during' harmony and peace .in this great Confederacy. Furthermore, they indicate very distinctly a desire to adopt promptly the measures of adjustment suggested by the Senator from Kentucky ; and I will venture to repeat, what I have saidbefore, that if the Congress of the United States will give the, people an opportunity to act, they will em" brace any reasonable measure of adjustment. Our friends in the South will discover that the people are prepared and willing to meet , their complaints in the spirit of kindness and generosity, and respond favorably to any demand which the States complaining may make." A VOICE OF REASON Prof. A. B. Longetreet, President of the South Carolina College, issues a four paged pamphlet, entitled "Shall South Carolina bi gin the Wars" in whioh he earnestly desires that the Collector on board the Harriet Lane may be allowed to land, and that he be treated politely, and that every means be afforded to allow the Collectors of the two eovereigntiee to settle their respective claims in a spirit of courtesy and kindness. If the posts are reinforced, it would be an unfair conflict. Hundreds of our sons would be slain, Fort Moultrie would become deserted, and the wrath of the United States be brought upon our devoted city: He implores his fellow-oitbsens to /et the first shot come from the enemy. PROM WASHINGTON ‘ "WASHINaTON, Jan. 9. There seems to be a mistake or misappre. hension somewhere. It is denied by gentle— men very intimately related to the Adminis— tration, that the recruits to Fort Sumpter were ordered without the' previous sanction of the President, and further, that the subject was discussed in the Cabinet, and acting Secretary of War, Holt, as well as some of the other members of the Cabinet, clearly understood that it was the wish of the Presi• dent that the recruits should at once be sent. The War Department is in possession of information that the Governor of South Caro— lina has forbidden the United States Sub. Treasure; at Charleston, from paying the drafts of the . Paymaster in favor of Majcir Anderson and his. command, and the "Sub. Treasurer has refused accordingly. Half a million of specie is daily expected from Nov York, by the Treasury Department. NOBLE SENTIMENTII From the great speech made by Judge Douciuss, in the U. S. Senate; on the 3d inst., we make the following , extracts: The laws of nations and all 'the laws of eivilisepon demanded that the . governmetft de Awl°6a acknowledged. Bathe laws must e eiforetalkqn our systein: of government the laws are to be enforced. by civil authority asiiistid by. the 'militia and'poise comitalus, when the Marshal is resisted. If the colonies, or a State, revolt, the revolution is complete. When the federal authorities are expelled and no oneman left to acknowledge allegiance to the United States ' how are you going to enforce thalami then? How are you going to do in South Carolina? She has passed an ordinance of secession. I deny her right to secede, but she has done it. The revolution is complete. She has no human being in her borders to acknowledge our. authority. This is all . wrong, but bow are you going to help it? You tell us we must enforce the laws. lam in favor of .that. Laws must be enforced according to the constitution and the laws. Under our constitution, 'laws can only be en forced against criminals ; and those of us who are in favor of the Constitution and the Union. must be careful that we do not perpe trate the very things which we denounce as criminal in these seceding States. And South Carolina does not. stand alone. We are told that seven other States will follow her, and we have reason to apprehend that seven more States may follow them. The answer is, we must enforce' the laws. My reply is, you cannot 'enforce the laws in countries not in your possession. I deny that we have the righ tto make war in order to regain possession, in order to enforce the law. Are we pre pared for war? Ido not mean prepared in the sense of having soldiers, arms and muni tions ; but are we prepared in our hearts-for war with our brethren? While I affirm that the constitution was intended to form a per petual Union—while I affirm the right to use all lawful means to enforce the laws—yet I will not meditate war, nor tolerate the idea, until after every effort at adjustment has been tried and failed, and all hope of the Union is gone. Then, and not till then, will I deliberate and determine what course my duty will require of me. I am for peace to save the Union. War is disunion, certain, inevitable, final and irrepressible. Our own very existence forbids war. * * * * * * " A war between eighteen States on the one side, and fifteen seceding States on the other, is to me a revolting thing. For what purpose is the war to be waged? Certainly not for the purpose of preserving the Union I have too much respect for gentlemen on the other side of 'the chamber, collectively and individually, to believe there is one among them who does not know what war is. You cannot expect to exterminate ten millions of people, whose passions are excited with the belief that you mean to invade their homes and light the flames of insurrection in their midst. Yon must expect to exterminate them, or subjugate them, or else, when you have got tired of war, to make a treaty with them. No matter whether the war lasts one year, or seven years, or thirty years, it must have an end at some time. Sooner or later both parties will become tired and exhausted, and when rendered incapable of fighting any longer, they will make a treaty of peace, and that treaty will be one of separation. The history of this world does not furnish an example of a war of sections, or between States of the same nation, where the war ended in reconciliation. Such a war always ends in a treaty of peace, and a final, eternal separation. I don't understand, then, how a man -can claim to be a friend of the Union, and yet be in favor of a war upon ten millions of people in the Union. You cannot cover it up much longer under the pretext of love for the Union. Now, the question must be met, and whatever concessions I am called upon to make, I choose to make voluntarily, before blood is shed, and not afterward. No man has more pride of country than I. It hum bles my pride to-.see the authority of the government questioned, but we are not the first nation whose pride has been humbled. Republics, empires and kingdoms, alike in all ages, have been subject to the same humilia ting fact. - But where there is a deep seated discontent pervading ten millions of people, penetrating every man, woman and child, and involving everything dear to them, it is time for inquiring whether there is not some cause for the feeling. If there be just cause for it, in God's name let us remove it. Are we not criminal in the sight of Heaven and posterity, if we do not remove the just cause ? If there is no cause, and yet they believe there is, so much the greater the necessity for removing the misconception." 243 119 .130 197 127 122 229 .256 115 123 246 123 R. THOMPSON'S RESIGNATION HIS LETTER TO THE PRESIDENT AND THB REPLY WASHINGTON, January 8, 1861 —Sift : It is with extreme regret I have just learned that additional troops have been ordered to Charleston. This subject has been frequently discussed in Cabinet Council; and when on Monday night, 31st of December ultimo, the orders for reinforcements to Fort Sumpter were countermanded, I distinctly understood from you that no order of the kind would be made without being previously considered and decided in Cabinet. It is true that on Wednesday, January 2d, this subject was again discussed in Cabinet, but certainly no conclusion was reached, and the War Depart. ment was not justified in ordering reinforce ments without something more than was then said. " I learn, however, this morning, for the first time, that the steamer Star of the West sailed from New York last Saturday night with two hundred and fifty men, ander Lieu tenant Bartlett, bound for Fort Sumpter. Under these circumstances I feel myself bound to resign my commission, as one of your con• stitutional advisors, into your hands. With high respect, your obedient servant, J. THOMPSON." His Excellency JAMES Bum:IAN/a. President of the United States. WASHINGTON, January 9, 1861.—Sia: I have received and accepted your resignation, on yesterday, of the office of Secretary of the Interior. On Monday evening, 31st December, 1860, I suspended the orders whioh had been issued by the War and Navy Departments to send the Brooklyn with reinforcements to Fort Sumpter. Of this I informed you on the same evening. I stated to you my reason for this suspension, which you knew, from its nature, would be speedily removed. In con sequence of your request, however, I promised that these orders should not be renewed " with out being previously considered and decided id Cabinet." This promise was faithfully observed on my part. In order to carry it into effect, I called a special Cabinet meeting on Wednesday, 2d January, 1861, in which the question of send ing reinforcements to Fort Sumpter was amply discussed both by yourself and others. The decided 'majority of opinions was against you. At this moment the answer of the South Carolina Commissioners' to my com munication to them of the 31st December was received and read. It produced much indig nation among the members of the Cabinet. After a brief conversation, I employed the 'following language: "It is now alt over, and reinforcements must be sent." Judge Black said at the moment of my decision, that after this letter the Cabinet would be unanimous, and I heard no dissenting voice. Indeed, the spirit and tone. of the letter left no doubt on my mind that Fort Sumpter would be imme diately attacked, and hence the necessity of sending reinforcements there without delay. Whilst you admit "that on Wednesday, January 2d, this subject was again.diecussed In Cabinet," you say„" but certainly no oon elusion WM readied, and the War Department was not justified in, ordering reinforcements without something more than was then said." You are eertainly mistaken in alleging that "no conclusion was reached." In this, your recollection is entirely different from that of your four oldest coUeagues in the Cabinet. Indeed, my, language was, so unmistakable that the Secretaries of War and the Navy proceeded to act upon it without any further intercourse with myself than what you heard, or might have heard me say. You had been so etnphatio in opposing these reinforcements that I. thought you would resign in come qualm of mydeoision. I deeply-regret that you have been mistaken in point of fact, though firmly believe honestly mistaken. Still it is certain you have 'dot the less been mistaken. Yours, very respectfully, JAMES BUCHANAN. Hon. JACOB THOMPSON. The Legislature of have eleoted . cive cir Morrill s U.' S. Silhattli;to itake the place of Mr. Hamlin, the Vioe President sleet, who has resigned his seat. PRESIDENT'S SPECIAL. anussen To this Sesustoinsel Howe of Reprosentatit44: At the openintof year present session,l called your attention-to the dangers ' which threa tened the existence of the Union. I- expressed my opinion freely ittoneerning.the original causes of these den geria' arid recommended latolfmearturea as I believed. woo:4 haver the effect of tranquilizing the country, sidsevlng it Erode I theperiV in which it had been noilleakrand meettinfartunately involved. Those opinicourilnd reeoniniendations I do not propose now toXepeida - My own Ocinviiitiens upon the whole sub joist remain unchanged.. -Tha fact that a great ca lamity was impending over the nation was even at that time acknowledged by sitar' y intelligent eitissa. It had already made kiwiffelt throughout the length and breadth of the land. The necessary conaequen oes of the alarm thus produced were most deplorable. The imports fell of with a rapidity never known before, except is time of war, in the history of our foreign commerce. The Treasury was unexpectedly left without the means,' which it had reasonably counted upon.-ta meet its pablio engagements, trade was paralyzed, manufactures were stopped, the best public securities sunk in themarket, every species of property depreciated more or leas, and thousands of poor men, who depended oa their daily labor fur their daily bread, .Were turned out of' employment. - I deeply, regret that I, run notable to give you any itiformation upon - the state of - the Union - which 'is more satisfactory than what I. was then 'obliged to etenunanicate, Oa the contrary, matters- are still worse at the pre s ent time than t he y then were.— ~. When °ingrate met a 'axon& 'hope , pervaded the whole public mind that soma amicable ojustanw4 of the subject would be speedily made by the blowy sentatives of the" States and of the - people, much might restore peace between the conflicting sections of the country. That hope has, been diminished by every hour of delay, 'and, as the 'prospect or a blood less settlement fades away, the public. distress be comes more and more aggravated.. •.As an, evidence of this, it is only necessary to say that the Treasury notes, authorized by the witted' the 17th of December last, were advertised acoordiag to law, and that au responsible bidder , offered to take any cionlid.rable• sum at _par, at a lower rate of interest than 12 per cent. From these facts it appears that in a govern ment organized like ours domestic strife, or even a well-grounded fear of civil is more destruc tive to our public and private interests than the most formidable foreign war. In my Annual Message I expralied the conviction Which J. have long deliberately held, and which re cent reflection has only 'tended to deepen and con flrni, that no State has the right, by its own act, to secede from the Union, or throw off its Federal obli gations at pleasure. .1 also declared my opinion to be, that even if that right existed and should be exercised, by any State of the Confederacy, the Executive Department oof this Government had no authority, .under the Constitution, to recognize its validity by acknowledging the inde pendence of such State. Thus left me no alternative, as the Chief Executive officer under the Constitution of the United stow, but to collect the public reve nue, and to protect the public property so far as this might be practicable under the existing laws. This is sail my purpose. Illy province is to execute, not to make the laws. It belongs to Congress exclusively to repeal, modify or enlarge their provisions to meet exigencies as they occur. L possess no di-penning power. 1 certainly had no right to make an aggres sive war upon any State, and 1 am perfectly satisfied that the Constitution has wisely withheld that power even from Congress. But the right and the duty to use the military tome defensively against those who resist the Federal officers in the execution of their legal functions, and against those who assail the property of the Federal Government, is clear and undeniable. But the dangerous and hostile attitude of States towards each other has already far trans cended, and cast into the shade, the ordinary Exec utive duties already provided for by law, and has assumed' such vast and alarming proportions as to place the subject entirely above and beyond the Ex ecutive,control. The feet cannot be disguised that we are in the midst of a great revolution. In all its various bear ings, theretore, I commend the question to Congress, as the only human tribunal under Providence pos sessing the power to meet the existing emergency.— To them exclusively belongs the power to declare war or authorize the employment of the military force, in all oases contemplated' by the Constitution ; and they alone possess the power to remove the grievances which might lead to war, and to secure peace and union to tuts distracted country. On them, and on them alone, rests the responsibility. The Union is a sacred trust left by our revolution ary fathers to their descendants; and never did soy other people inherit so rich a legacy. it has ren dered ue prosperous in peace and triumphant in war. The national flag has floated with glory over every sea. Under its shadow American citizens have found protection and respect in all lands beneath the sun. 11 we descend to considerations of purely material interest, when, in the history of all time, has a Con federacy been bound together with snob strong ties of mutual interest? Each portion of it is dependent on all, and all upon each other, for prosperity said domestic security. A free trade throughout the whole supplies the wants of one portion from the productions of another, and scatters wealth every wnere. The great planting and farming States re quire, and commercial navigating States send their productions to domestic and foreign markets, and furnish a naval power to render their trausportatiou secure against all hostile attacks. Should the Union perish iu the midst of the present excitement, we have already had a sad foretaste of the uuiversal suffering witch would result from its destruction.— The calamity would be severe in every portion of the Union, and would be quite as great, to say the least, in the Southern as in the Northern States. The greatest aggravation of the evil, and that which would place us in a most unfavorable light, both before the world and posterity, is, as 1 am firmly convinced, that the secession movement has been chiefly based upon a misapprehension at the South of the sentiments of the majority in several of the Northern States. Let the question be transferred from political assemblies to the ballot-box, and the people themselves would speedily redress the serious grievances which the South have suffered. But, iu lleaven a name, let the trial be made before we plunge into an armed conflict upon the there assump tion that there is no other alternative. Time is a great conservative power. Let as pause at this momentous point, and afford the people of both North and Soutu en opportunity fur reflection. Would that South Carolina had been convinced of this truth before her precipitated action. I there tore appeal, through you, to the people of the coun try, to declare in their might, that '• the Union must and shall be preserved" by all Constitutional means. I must earnestly recommend that you devote your selves exclusively to the question how this can be accomplished in peace All other questions, when compared with this, sink into insignificance. The present is no time for palliation. Action, prompt motion, is required. A delay in Congress to prosecute and recommend a distinct and practical proposition for ounoiliiition may drive us to a point from which it will be almost impossible to recede. A common ground on which conciliation and harmony may be produced is surely not unattainable. The proposition to compromise by letting the North have exclusive control of the territory upon a certain line, and giving Southern institutions pro tection below that line, ought to receive universal approbation. In itself, indeed, it may not be en tirely satisfactory; but when the alternative is be tween a reasonable concession on bottaides, and the destruction of the Union, it is an imputation on the patriotism of. Congress to assert that its members will hesitate for a moment. Even now the danger is upon us. In several States which have not eeoeded, the forts, arsenals and mag azines of the United States have been seized. This is by far the most serious stepffrbioli has been taken since the commencement of thiCtroubles. This pub lio property has been left without garrisons and troops for its protection, because no person doubted its security under the fig of the country in all the States of the Union. Besides, our small army has scarcely been sufficient to guard oar remote terri tories against Indian inoursiohs. The seizure of this property, from all appearances, has beau purely aggressive, and not in resistance to any attempt to coerce a State or States to remain in the Union. At the, beginning of these unhappy troubles, I determined that no act of mine should increase the excitement in either section of the country. If the political conflict were to end in civil war, it was my determined purpose not to commence it, nor even_ to furnish an excuse for it by any act of this Government. My opinion remains unchanged, that justice, as well as a sound polioy, requires us still to seek a peaceful solution of the questions at issue between the North and South. Entertaining this conviction, I refrained even from sending rein forcements to Major Andenion, who commanded the forte in Charleston harbor, until an absolute necessity for doing so shall make itself apparent, lest it might unjustly be regarded as a menace of military co ercion, and thus furnish, if not a provocation, at least a pretext for an outhreak on the part of South Carolina. No necessity for these reinforcements seemed to exist. I was assured by distinguished and upright gentle men from South. Carolina, that no attack on Major Anderson was intended ; but that, on the contrary, it was the desire of the State authorities, as much as it was my own, to avoid the fatal consequences which must inevitably follow a military collision. And here I deem it proper to submit for your information copies of a communication dated the 28th.of Decem ber, 1850, addressed to me by R. W. Barnwell, J. H Adams, and James L. Orr, Commissioners from South Carolina, with accompanying documents, and copies of my answer thereto, dated the 31st of De cember. In further explanation of Major Anderson's re moval from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumpter, it is proper to state that, after 'my answer to the South Carolina Commissioners, the War Department re ceived a letter from that gallant officer, dated on the 27th of December, 1860, (the day after this move ment.) from which the following lean extract : "I will add, as my opinion, that many things convinced me that the authorities of the State de signed to proceed to a hostile act." (Evidently referring to the orders, dated December 11th, of the late Seoretary of. War.) " Under this impression, I could not hesitate that it was solemn duty to move my command from a fort which we•oould not probably have held longer than forty:eight or sixty hours to this one, where my power of reaistance is increased in a very great degree." It will be recollected that the concluding, part of these orders were in the following terms " The smallness of your force will not permit you, perhaps, to ocetapy morn than one of the three forts; but an attack on, or an attempt to take possession of either one of them, will be regarded as an act of hostility, end you may then put your command into either of them whichyou may deem most proper to increase its power of resistance. Your are also authorised to take similar defensive steps whenever you have tangible evidence of a design to proceed to a hostile act." It is said that serious apprehensions are to some extent entertained that the_ peace of this district may be disturbed before March next. In any event it will be my duty to prevent it,,and this tittty.shall be performed. . In conclusion it may be permitted tome to remark, that I have often warned my countrymen of the dangers which' now surround us. This may be the last time I shall refer-to the subject officially,—l feel that my duty ha:sheen:faithfully though imperfectly performed, and whatever the result may • bet, I shall carry to my grave the consciousness, that I, at least, mean,. well for my country; JAMES BUCIIANAN. Wardrixerox Cm, January Eith, war senior srtrAßD,lit is DOW. positively asserted, is to be Secretary of State in Mr. Lincoln's administration. caumrize ON THE CONSTITUTION. The Difficulties that surround us. The subjoined ;'artiele, from the -Boston Post, is the histories' facts it recalls, and the forcible manner in which it sets forth the duties and - powers of the President, under. the Constitution, as applicable to the present threatening condition of- , the otitintd : Cerirdn: people at the North will insist that the United litatealgoverunient is a military despotism, Snit that President has all the powers of the Ulna MiPertis to seise and lmpriwn, and hang lam at kiii . gdeasare. Thus the republumn presses , are derdanding of die President that he shall seise the ouunuisawners from tioutn Carolina, and ay them fur treason. if you ask them what is treason, tney can't tell, . but they insist taat - Ltio President ought to hang aoluebody, because Parton in what he cads hie late lit Andrew Jaoksou," (compiled too much from street talk and newspaper alautlord,) sou it down that lieu. Jackson proposed to baug lial houa fur nuditioatiou, wawa is Calms. No (Milan can be.punistied or deprived of lfe or liberty in this country wunout due process of law. alusaaolluaottd 414141.11Y•311 the 'Lanford convention in the War iillBl4 to set up a nexu:au cuuiederation, and &sun Camino has gut up is otoozedou couvouLion to prouifotato inc alavalmdutig hiatus mw a suudiofit Ooluodor_dion. Massiumusetta, in 1814, sent two ambassadors of the Hartford outiveutiuu to Washington to demand of Pres dent Madison tueresparatiou . tu New liaigianti truth the Caton us earrying uu tue war. William sultivuu and damson uray Otis were the commis mesa. Mr. Madison did nut propose to uang mew. But, as Mr. demi quiticy Adams says, of the peace of idneut, the news of Wniuu urine while the com missioners Were at W diuiudtua, •• the interposition of a kind Providence averted the most ile'ploranie of cattuaropties"—" the attain/Ah=em, of a northern ountederaoy." Soma Carolina now follows the example of Massa chusetts uy sending tier oommissiuuers to President iduenanan, and Piesideut Buouatian is bouAbd by Massubbusetts in particular because he won't llelig them fur treason without judge or jury Now let us inquire• whet treason is, and what the constitution says about seizing and flanging people in this country. Tne coustuuttou of the United States says: •• Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering, to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort." Tins last applies only to aiding a foreign enemy and giving them aid and oomfurt, us the Hartford con vention did in 1814. The United States not being at war, treason now can consist only in levying war upon the Crated States, and the constitution says there must be sellie overt net, proved by two witnesses. And what is levying war is thus defined by the Supreme Court in the United States vs. Aaron Burr : "To levy war is to raise, innate, make or carry on war. War can bo levied uuly by the employment of actual force— troops must .he embodied, men must be openly raised," ao. And the purpose must be to make war ou the United States. Thus to march in areas with a force marshaled and arrayed, committing acts of violence and devastation, in order to compel the resignation of a publio officer, or to render in effective an act of Congress, is high treason," says Chief Justice Marshall. limit was the nature of the offence which Theodore Parser Wendell Phillips, and their associates were charged with when they incited the mob in raueuil Hall to go to the court house and rescue Burns, toe fugitive slave, in which unlawful enterprise Batch elder, one of the marshal's deputies, was murdered. And here again South Carolina is only following this example of Massachusetts an the attack upon the forts, if she has really used military force to take theta. That is treason in the men who committed and incited the act, unless South Carolina tias.a, right to secede from the Union. But it is nut treason in the State, for a State cannot commit treason. It is only treason in the individuals who commit the overt not. And if it be treason or misdemeanor, where is the authority of the President to seize or hang anybody, ae the republicans are insisting he ought to do, and charge him with being a traitor for not doing it? The constitution is very plain on this point. It reads thus: . "The trial of all grimes shall be by jury, and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crime shall have been committed." "No person shall be held to answer for a orime unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, nor be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law." And " the accused shall enjoy the right to a public trial by an impartial jury of the State where the crime hat been committed." These are the limita tions of that despotism which certain people so in considerately claim now-a-days tier the President. If any citizens ur body of men in South Carolina have levied war against the United States they can not be arraigned or tried for it any where but in South Carolina. There must first be an indictment foetid by a grand jury in South Carolina. There must be a District Attorney to prepare and attest the indict ment. There must be a court to receive it and arraign the prisoner, and a jury to try him. This last was the protection which Parker and Phillips and their associates found when they were indicted for what they called •• free speech," in connection with the murder of Batenelder, and the obstruction of the laws of the United States for the rendition of fugitive slaves. The President could not seize them, nor could they be tried anywhere but in Massachusetts; and though there were all, the officers of law here and a grand jury indicted them, they escaped a trial and gut off upon a very small technicality, which was, that the commissioner who issued his warrant of arrest had signed it only coin naissioner, without saying what commissioner; and the court held that the indictment, however drawn, could out supply this deficiency, because it could not go beyond the description in the warrant. Just so President Boca Luau has no power to seize or arraign or try anybody iu Washington or any where else. 1.1 there have been acts of trees they have been committed only in South Carolina. The parties charged must be tried in than State by a jury of the State. There is no United States mar shal to arrest them, nu district attorney to indict them; no grand jury to find a bill, uoMourt to ar raign and no jury to try them. How then are the steps to be taken which the constitution demands in every ease of alleged crime? And .f Allure were all the officers of the court and juries, everybody knows that a court iu SAuth °initial would hold that the right of seueslion absolved the party accused from tits liability to the laws of the Uaited otates, andmp jury would convict. leiliould be the dime in Massachusetts, if, under the personal liberty biLl, a tugicive from labor sh old be taken before a jury to ba triel. No Mcssachu setts jury could be found to a4ree th it ho was a fugitive slave. thus it is obvious that Massachusetts and South. Carolina stand in the Caine c ctegory of disunion and secession, so long as these laws remain on her statute book, and so long as her 'people resist and refuse to execute the laws of the Uuited States within her borders. But it is said, suppose the Judges and all the United States officers nave resigned in South Caro lina, why don't President Buchanan supply the vacancies? But what then? He could find no men in South Carolina to accept the offiu,s, and the law requires that they shall be appointed in the District. Even if he sent Northern men there they would not be allowed to act, and if they were resisted, then it comes back to just where we started from; those who resisted must be indicted and tried by a court and jury in the State. If men of sense would look at the facts and law, and read the constitution, they would see the prac tical difficulties in the way of the summary process with which they require the President to deal with existing difficulties. He can only move the consti tutional machinery of government in executing the laws. If the machinery is all broken up in a State, he cannot invade a State, or send an army there, to enforce martial law, unless the Governor or Leg islature call upon hint to suppress insurrection or domestic violence. He can send troops to the forts, and if. the commissioners of South Carolina re quire him to order troops to one or another fort they assume what does not belong to them. The Presi dent, as commander-in-chief, is to judge for himself of the expediency ; . and on this point be should insist, and yield to no threats from South Carolina, or anybody, if they are made. It is this question of expediency as to reinforcing the forts at Charles ton which the President has gravely considered. If Major Anderson has solved the difficulty with out bloodshed, so much the better. Of what avail would United States troops have been there if sent, as they must have been, when their presence would have brought on a bloody (millet? If any were sent in such a crisis, an army should have been sent sufficient to conquer South Carolina, aided as they would be, the moment blood was shed. by the sympathizing States. That would have been . civil war. The President did not bring on this ir repressible conflict," and will endeavor to avoid staining his hands with the blood of his fellow-eiti zens in a fratricidal war. It is his purpose (and he will prove the true patriot and Christian if he suc ceeds in doing it) to leave his high office without a drop of blood having been needlessly shed in this awfully impending battle of the States " Mr. Lincoln will then take the responsibility, and, he has four years in which to carry out his policy. - " - .. If be means peace and union he will recommend concession and compromise, and a restoration of the fraternal relations of all the States, and endeavor to shed no blood to madden the whole 'country. In the meantime, Mr. Buchanan must bear all the unreasoning assaults made upon him, until reason shall resume- her sway and justify the only peace policy that could save a civil war, if indeed any policy can do it. But really it is notes small a thing as some people think to sacrifice millions of lives in the attempt of one section of the country to conquer another section of the country and pre serve the Union, as they call it, by bathing it in seas of blood and carnage. Let us pause a little while, study the constitution, and reflect. “THE HASSAOHIISR.TTS SCHOOL.” Those who talk so glibly of Southern seces sion seem to have forgotten that the records of Massachusetts legislation have in them resolutions to the following effect : Resolved, That the annexation of Texas is, ipso facto, a dissolution of the Union. Resolved, That Texas being annexed Mae. saolausetts is out of the Union. These resolutions stand unrepealed. Yet this same Massachusetts, with her personal liberty bills, negro suffrage, negro equality, js the:fountain head and source of all aggres• sions against the South, and is most loud mouthed in her denunciations of disunion, uttered from the same mouths which preaohed disunion at the Hartford Convention: DESENCES AT PENSACOLA -1 he "important post of Pensacola, Florida, is now well &lard ed. There is one company of infantry, with two vessels of war, at that station. Key West, also another highly important, station with one of the finest harbors ip the world, and holding the key of the Gtilf of Mexico, is occupied by a sufficient force to' 'Protect it against any- attack the reiolutionists can. 'make .tipon it. Hampton- Pauli, the other naval station in the South, is likewise in a secure position.
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