'''',' . 'o.. - 1) . r; '... 3,lati,?ttef . • 7fttt:lli//oicitot VOL. LVII. THE DYING WIFE TO HER-. HUS- BAND I am passing through the waters, but a blessed shore appears— Kneel beside me, husband dearest, let me kiss away thy tears ; Wrestle with thy grief as Jacob strove from midnight until day ; It may leave an Angel's blessing when it vanishes /away. Lay the babe upon my bosom, 'tie net long she can . be 'there— See how to my heart she nestles—'tis the pearl I love to wear, If, in a!ter years, besides thee sits another in my chair, Thongh her voice be sweeter music, and her face than mine more fair; If a cherub calls thee father, far more beautiful than this, Love the first born, oh my husband, turn not from otherleu. Tell her sometimes of her mother—you may call her Anna Jane— Shield her from the winds of sorrow—if she errs, oh, gently blame ; Lead her sometimes where I'm sleeping, I will an swer if she calls, And my breath will stir her ringlets, when my voice in blessing falls : And her soft blue eyes will brighten with a wonder whence it came; In her heart, when years pass o'er her, she will find her mother's name. I will be her right hand angel, sealing up the god for Heaven, Striving that the midnight watches find no misdeed unforgiven. You will not forget me, dearest, when I'm sleeping 'neath the sod; Oh, love the babe upon my bosom as I love thee— next to God. THE PERILS OF THE PLAINS ; OR, INCIDENTS IN THE LIFE OF A LIVE EX-GOVERNOR. A few days since a personal' friend of Governor Bigler related in our hearing many interesting facts and incidents rela ting to him, a portion of which we reques ted him to repeat while we made notes for publication. 41 Our informant was his traveling com panion over the Plains in 1849 to Califor nia, and as early as 1826 was intimate with him as the printer boy of Pittsburg. The sketch given of his life is not connected, for the reason that our informant, from 1831 to 1846, was separated from his friend. Gov. Bigler was born near Carlisle, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, and - in 1819 his father removed to Mercer county, where he resided until his death, in 1827. After the expiration of his apprentice ship in 1827, John Bigler removed to Bellefonte, Centre County, and took charge of the Centre Democrat as editor and pub lisher. He was the editor of the Demo crat in 1828, 1829, 1831 and 1832, and although but a youth in 182 S, he support ed the election of Gen. Jackson with great zeal and efficiency; and Centre County, which in 1854 cast a Know-Nothing ma jority against his brother William for Gov ernor, of nearly 700, then rolled up over 1,600 majority for the hero of New Orleans and the Democratic ticket. From 1827 to the present hour, .Gov. Bigler has been a consistent supporter of Democratic men and measures. Of him it can with truth be said that he never fal tered in the good cause—never for a mo ment was faithless to the principles of the Democratic party and its nominees. In "1846, Gov. Bigler removed to - the State of Illinois, and resided in Brown county, until April, 1849, when he emi grated to the new State of California. On the 2d day of April, 1849, Gov. Bigler, accompanied by his wife and daugh ter, Virginia, then but seven years old, and a small party of friends and neigh bors, started for California. They all had ox teams, Gov. Bigler driving his own the greater part of the road, and walking, with the exception of about one hundred miles, the entire distance from the Missouri river to California. The wagons passed over the State of Missouri and arrived at St. Jo seph's on the Missouri river about the 28th of April, 1849, and on the 9th of May commenced their tedious and perilous jour ney across the Plains to California. Gov. Bigler having his family with him, had, of course, greater cares than those who had only their own safety and comfort to look after ; but, notwithstanding all this, he never failed to perform his full share of guard duty, and never, in a single,instance 'or for a single moment, shrank from dan ger or responsibility. The difficulties encountered were truly great, as was also the exposure and dan ger. At many places the wagons of the par ty had to be let down into steep ravines and the banks of streams, by means of ropes attached to the hind axles. In pas sing places of this kind the party would often be detained several hours. Every night a guard was detailed to look after the oxen and mules, so as to prevent the Indians from driving them off or tilling them. An inner guard was also stationed (to watch the wagons, and those asleep in them and the tents. Mrs. Bigler and her daughter, at night, slept in the wagon du ring the entire journey, which occupied nearly five months, after leaving the Mis souri river, on the 9th of May. On many occasions, when her husband was very wea ry, Mrs. Bigler, who proved herself a wo man of great courage, took his gun and herself guardied the wagon while he rested. During the journey up the Platte River they ,were frequently exposed to terrific storms of rain and bail. At Fort Kearney they were exposed to a terrible storm of i rain, which lasted nearly the entire night, and covered the little valley with lakes of water, and rendered the traveling exceed ingly difficult for several days. At Scott's Bluffs the little party encoun tered a terrible hail storm, which lasted more than two hours, during which two of their oxen were killed by lightning. . mediately after the oxen fell, the men ran in front of the cattle in order to prevent a stampede, and were driven from their , camping ground more than two miles be fore they succeeded in getting the cattle to head, towards camp. The hail which' fell was of sufficient size to cut their hands .and faces severely, and they returned to the camp with hands and faces covered with blood. Immediately after the Governor left in Pursuit of the cattle, the wind swept down his tent, and his wife and daughter were compelled to seek shelter in the wagon, which several times came near being cap sized by the wind. The next morning was clear and beauti fnl. Scott's Bluffs then in full view pre- ; gutted the appearance of the outskirts of a great city, covered with immense build- inge, in which was displayed every variety of architecture. The whole appearance produced by the action of the wind and rain upon the soft rock, forming the bluffs, was the same as that in Chimney Rock and Court House Rock, both of which the par ties had passed but a few days before. In crossing Horse Creek the next day, the party came near losing some of their cattle, and that night were threatened with an attack by a party of hostile Indi ans. The attack would certainly pave been made but for a rumor that the small-pox was in our camp, and of this disease the Indians have a great horror. Between Ash Hollow and Fort Laramie, hundreds of emigrants died with cholera. Every few miles, tents were to be seen con taining the sick and their attendants. At" the crossing of the North Fork of the Platte River, the party encountered great difficulties in effecting a crossing. They were compelled to cut doivn dry cotton wood trees, and with the logs made a raft upon which they passed the river. They had to unload their wagons and take them apart, for the reason that only a part could with safety be taken on the raft at a time. At one time the wheels of the wagon were taken; the next the gearing ; the next, the bed of the wagon and contents; next, the family. Three days and three nights were consumed before the Governor's par ty were all landed on the west bank of the North Fork of the Platte. During the three days and nights, six men were lost, killed and drowned, within five miles of the mouth of Deer Creek, the point at which the Governor and his party crossed the North Platte. The next day after leaving Deer Creek crossing, the dead body of a murdered emigrant was found in the Platte River, and an examination proved that the unfortunate man had been killed by Indians. The party on the Fourth of July were on the east bank of Big Sandy Creek, where they remained during the day, and there commemorated "Independence Day" as well as they could, so distant from civ ilization. The afternoon of the sth they commenced crossing the desert, between the Big Sandy and Green River, a distance exceeding thirty miles. At a point about midway between the streams above named, they discovered some grass among the . thick sage brush, and there permitted their cattle to feed for more than an hour.— When about ready to start on their jour ney, a wagon reached the spot with one of the party a corpse. The body was taken out of the wagon, and though dead but about twenty minutes, had to be committed to mother earth. The burial scene was exceedingly solemn, and for a time all the party were buried in deep thought and ren dered almost unfit for the perilous journey , before them. They _traveled slowly, throughout the entire night, and reached the east bank of Green River about 9 o'clock in the morning of July 6. They crossed Green River on the afternoon of the 7th, and on the morning of the Bth re newed their journey. At Independence Rock they encountered a storm of rain, which continued until they reached Devil's Gate, where they remained during the night. Gate is a pass through which flows the Sweet Water River. From the top of the chasm to the surface of the river is over two hundred and eighty feet. Befor leav ing this interesting spot, Gov. Bigler, his lady and several others ascended to the top of the mountain, and looked down into the stream below. The chasm is not more than twenty feet wide, through which the whole volume of the Sweet Water rushes with great velocity. , Between this point and the South Pass the scenery is truly interesting and beautiful. The mountains in view on the north were covered with snow, and in fact; within half a mile of the trail, snow was abundant in the ravines.— At one point above the Sweet Water, where the party remained a day in July, resting their cattle and washing, they found great banks of snow, and in their neighborhood beautiful flowers of various colors. At another point, beneath grass covering a swamp, they found ice near a foot in thick ness. The ice had evidently been formed years before, and after formed been cov ered by a slide of earth from the hill side. A few days later they passed through the South Pass of the Rocky Mountains and enjoyed a drink of refreshing water from the famous 4 ' Pacific Spring," so called from the fact that it is generally believed that its waters find their way to the Pacific Ocean, and rise at a more ela vated spot on the mountains than any other yet discovered. Between the South Pass and the valley of Beier River the little party had many difficulties with the Indians, but being all the time vigilant saved their own lives and preserved their animals. A few miles west of what is called the steamboat and soda springs, the party left the old Fort Hall trail and struck in a direct course for Raft River, a tributary of the Columbia. At the point where they left the old Fort Hall road, the volcanic mountain spoken of by Col. Fremont, is in full view. Gov. Bigler and others of his party visited the mountain and looked down into the crater. Many years have doubtless elapsed since it contained fire, but that it at some period was in full blast, shaking the country for many miles around, is evident upon the face of the country. In crossing the valley of Bear river, in which the vol 'canic mountain is situated, the rocks which were flat on the surface were cracked sev eral inches in width, so wide in fact that they had to be covered before the cattle could pass over in safety. The next day after leaving the valley of Bear River, the party entered another val ley, at the head of which was a large spring of delightful water, and near its source a beaver dam, on which the ani mals were busily employed. After leaving the Beaver Dam Spring, the party traveled for some days among a tribe of Indians who called themselves Panacks, but who are evidently of the Snake race of Indians. The fourth day after entering the - country of the Panaks, the old chief of the tribe approached the party,) having with Lim a number of mules and lionies, which he pro posed giving to the Governor in exchange for his daughter Virginia—Virginia to be the wife of his son. The proposition amused the Governor's party very much ; but in order not to in cense the Indians, was declined in a res pectful manner, alleging that they had no use for the mules and ponies. In this way they kept the old chief in good temper until they overtook a large company under Mr. Hedspeth, of Missouri, and then the alarmed him so that he returned *to his "THAT COUNTRY IS THE MOST PROSPEROUS WIIKRZ LABOR, mincems THE GREATEST REWARD." LANCASTER CITY, PA., TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 16, 1856 people without further annoyance to them. The third night after reaching the Hum boldt River, Indians were discovered hov ering around the hill tops immediately above them. The Governor was that night one of the outer guard and did not return to camp until near daylight. After reach ing camp and when in the act of spreading down his blankets for repose, he heard the cracking of brush on the other side of the river. He looked out of the front of the ' tent in the direction of the noise, but saw nothing. He then laid down, but in a few moments was aroused again by the same noise—he looked out of the tent, first ex amining as well as he could the opposite bank of the river, and then the hill side. The day was just dawning when he turned to take a last look over the river before retiring, and was in the act of closing the tent, when an Indian's head became visi ble over the bank of the river, which'was very steep at that point. The savage had a bow and arrow in one hand, and with the other was making his way up the bank.— The whole appearance of the savage indi cated hostile intentions, and the Governor was left no time for thought; his gun which, was iu the wagon, could not be reached in time, and he moreover feared that if he turned his back to get it the Indian would shoot him before he could reach it. It was a moment of great peril, but the Governor 'was equal to the position. He sprung upon the Indian like a tiger, and before he could prepare himself for the shock, hurled him over the bank into the river, a distance of more than thirty feet. The Governor's party followed the old Fort Hall trail until within seventy miles of what is known as the sink of the Hum boldt, or St. Mary's River, at which point the whole volume of water disappears in the sand. At a point within twenty miles of the brink of the river they found a new trail leading across the Sierra Nevada into California,. and after consultation they de termined to take it, hoping to save distance and avoid in part the great desert between the Humboldt river and Carson Valley.— Before leaving the river each wagon was supplied with a keg of water, and as much grass as could be placed inside of the wag on bed. Thus prepared for the desert, the little party commenced their journey on the new route. They had proceeded but about twelve miles when the Governor's daughter Vir ginia, then in the seventh year of her age, was thrown out of the front part of the wagon while going.do‘vn a steep hill, the hind wheel passing over her left leg above the knee and breaking it. She was imme diately picked up by one of the party and, her mother, who exclaimed, " Thank God she is not dead—l hear her cry." It was a moment of great trial, and for some time even the stoutest hearted of the men stood paralyzed; not so with the mother, she was found equal to the necessity of the case, and promptly adoptbd the measures neces sary to have the broken limb attended to. Fortunately the first man behind ,the Governor's wagon proved to be a physician who promptly offered his services, and in as short time as possible, under the eir cumstances, the limb was set and carefully bound up. After a delay of about two hours the child was carefully lifted into the wagon and placed upon a bed. After the pain resulting from lifting her into the wagon had abated, the Governor said :-- " Daughter we are here in a great desert —we have but little water and feed for the cattle, and we cannot delay longer at this place, and it is better to go forward than back. We have desert for more than thirty miles—no grass of any kind, and the only water is boiling hot." She threw her little arms around her father's neck, and with great energy said Father, I was careless. lam to blame. Drive on, and I will bear the pain like a soldier." The Governor's party pressed forward until after midnight, when they stopped for about three hours, fed their cattle, and enjoyed sweet repose in the lap of mother earth, which, at that plane, was a bed of deep sand. About an hour before day, they took up the lin,e of march, and about 10 o'clock, A. M., reached a point known as Rabbit Hole, where they remained until after 3 o'clock, P. M., when they commen ced their journey across a terrible desert twenty miles in extent, without grass or water. After travelling about twelve miles, finding their cattle rapidly failing, they concluded to leave two of their wa gons and use all their cattle in taking the other two through the desert. After pass ing the desert they arrived at a spring which they named Black Rock Spring, the water of which was so hot that they boiled their coffee and tea by setting camp kettles in it. Within three miles of this hot spring, there was not less than twenty others, the water in all of them being about the same temperature. At this place, the Governor and his party remained two days before the wagons, left behind on the desert, could be brought forward. Before leaving, Dr. John S. Darcy, of New Jersey, and his company arrived. Dr. Darcy here exam amined and re-bound the broken limb of the Governor's daughter. Two men in the doctor's train, who liSd been ill for several days, with fever, died, and were buried at this place, the doctor performing the fu neral services. While at this place, an ox belonging to one of the New Jersey wa gons, fell into one of the hot springs.— Several men who saw the ox fall into the spring, ran as fast as they could, the dis tance being more than three hundred yards, but the poor creature was dead before ex tricated, which occupied not more than ten minutes from the time that he first tonched the boiling wa,ter. When dragged out the hair and skin came off the greater part of his body. Three days after, the party reached a beautiful valley, near what is called High Rock Cannon, or • " Canyon," where they met a body of troops on their march from Oregon, to meet and escort another com mand under Maj. Sanderson. On the morn ing that the Governor's party arrived in the valley, the Indians killed the guide to the military train, and he was buried in the evening after their arrival. This valley had many springs in it, and was covered with a great growth of grasses of various kinds. In this valley, the party found springs of very cold, as well as very hot water—the hot and the cold at one place, being not to exceed one hundred yards apart. Near this valley the party discov ered marked lines dividing the possessions of one Indian chief from another. The line in some places was marked by dried brush, laid lengthwise ; at 'others, by stones, laid side by side, forming a con nected row. The first night after leaving the valley above referred to, the party encamped in High Rock Cannon. About the middle of the night, a stranger, a German, called at the Governor's wagon, and said to Mrs. Bigler that her services were required at his tent, which was about a quarter of a mile off. Mrs. Bigler, after learning the condition of affairs, left in company with the stranger, and a little after sunrise in the morning, the stranger's wife gave birth to twins. After the return of the Gover nor's lady, the party, with all due ceremo ny named their camping ground "Twin Valley." In the afternoon of the next day, the party again commenced their journey, but the little ones lived only a few days. After seven days travel in an almost northerly direction, they reached the cross ing of the Sierra Nevada Mountains.— They doubled teams, and crossed the mountain in a single day, and the day fol lowing, late in the evening, reached Goose Lake, where they encamped. From Goose Lake the party moved in a southerly direc tion on a trail known as Lanson's Route, over a terribly hilly and rocky country.— The third night after leaving the lake, the Governor and the men belonging to one of the teams, in consequence of an ox getting fast between two logs lying in a stream of water, fell behind the other teams, and that night failed to reach camp. The Gov ernor, wife, daughter, and two men, were that night left to take care of themselves, and although uninterrupted by Indians, were threatened by a horde of hungry wolves, who at different times during the night, approached within fifty yards of the wagon, making night hideous with terrible' howlings. The threatening of the wolves kept the Governor and his little party on the watch the entire night, to prevent the destruction of their cattle and themselves. Early the next morning they left their uncomfortable quarters, and overtook their friends about ten o'clock in the day. The day following they reached the head waters of Pitt River, down which stream they travelled several days, surrounded by the most fierce and warlike tribes of Indi ans on the Pacific coast, but by great vigi lance escaped in safety. The day after they left the valley of the Pitt River they met Capt. Warner with a company of men on his way to Goose Lake, to explore a pass through the Sierra Nevada Mountains.— They warned the Captain against the In dians, telling him that he must keep a sharp look out for them. The Captain, no doubt, heeded the caution; but notwith standing the care taken by him and his men, he was killed by an Indian before he reached the summit of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, and his party were compelled to return. On the third day after leaving Pitt River Valley, one of the party died of scurvy, and was buried without coffin or clothing, save those worn by him at the time of his death. The body was let into the grave and covered with brush and grass, so as to keep the earth off it as much as possible. After burial, all the wagons were driven over the spot, so as to deceive the Indians, who frequently dug up bodies for the sake of the clothing. After per forming this solemn and painful duty, the little party again moved forward, and on the night of the third day after, reached the head waters of the Rio Plumas, or Feather River In the valley of the river, the party en camped for a day, and cut grass to supply their cattle with food while passing over the terribly rough country between the river and the Sacramento valley. The second evening after leaving the river, they reached one of the steepest hills- on the route, in order to descend which it was necessary to chain large pine logs to the hind axles of the wagons, so as to pre vent them from running over and killing their cattle. This hill was so steep that Virginia, the Governor's daughter—her broken imb being still tender—could not with safety remain in the wagon, and was carried down the hill, more than half t mile, by her father, upon his back. After the foot of the hill wis reached, another diffi culty had to be encountered, there being no water nearer than two miles. The oxen were unyoked, and the Governor and three of the men undertook the perilous task of driving them through hn Indian country more than two miles in the night to Ante lope creek. On the way to the creek one of the oxen fell over a precipice of rooks, and was so mueh injured that he had to be left behind. The rest of the cattle reached the stream and returned to camp in safety. On their return from the creek the Governor and his companions descended the precipice and endeavored to get the crippled ox into camp, but failed. After leaving him they made a mistake as to the ravine and direc- tion of the camp—got fairly lost in the mountains and did not reach their friends until near morning, and then in a deplora bly exhausted state. The next day they double-teamed and reached the summit of the ridge between - Antelope and l)eer Creeks, where they re mained until the next afternoon. The' cattle were driven to Antelope Creek for drink and pastured on the hill sides.— While guarding the cattle the Governor discovered vines well filled with ripe grapes, which were indeed a luxury. He made his way to the top of a rock on the bank of the creek near a tree which was covered with vines. After he had been on the rock a abort time he got hold, of a large vine with a view of pulling within his reach some fine bunches of grapes which he intended for his wife and daughter.— He pulled vigorously for a time, but soon discovered that there was a great resistance and he slackened his grip when the vine was taken from his hand with great vio lence. Greatly surprised, he called for his companions, but receiving no answer, he carefully separated the vines, which were very dense, so that he could have a view of the stream and opposite bank.— The first object that met his eye was a grizzly bear of immense size, quietly feed ing upon the grapes. • The iovernor hav ing only a bowie knife with him, concluded that he and the bear would separate in peace, and he accordingly got down off the rock and made his way as rapidly as pos sible to camp, leaving bruin in quiet pos session of the grapes, and for himself con cluding that they were too sour for his use in the neighborhood of so formidable a competitor. Three days later, and at the expiration of nearly five months front the date of their departure from the Missouri River, the Governor and his little party arrived in the Valley of the Sacramento near Lawson's Fort, and about one hundred and eighty -BUCHANAN miles above the City of Sacramento. The si MITTEL IL REYNOLDS, Attorney at ~_, Law, e4lEitli tllAgent and Conveyancer . Mee No. , sight of a human habitation created . great 4 N orth Du li ke street, opposite the Court House joy, and the whole party gave three cheers REFERS TO Es-Gov. W.F. Johnston, Pittsburg, for the garden fence, and three more for " William Bigler, Philadelphia the house. It was indeed to them a pleas- Hon. G. W. Woodward. " Alex. Jordan, Sawbury. ant view, and looked more beautiful at that Peter McCsdl, Req., Phus.;,..„' 1 -,- .-- Joshua W. Oomly, Esq.. Danville moment than ever after. Hon James T. Hale, Bellfonte. After resting a few days, the Governor Henry Brockerhaff, " • _____ ii. ---..- proceeded to- Sacramento City, and a por- J MARtiNj EIMAILTIOIO. DENTISTRY.—MARTIN & RINI& AD: having lion of his party to what was then knownaseoe together as Reading's Diggins, now as Shasta City. .1.11 endeavor to render in ente satlit-tlo f n b i E n N L in o R ns ir : tion, entrusted The Governor arrived at Sacramento or TEETH , toe w ir e ' VI be Being led "'P rat Tral the gaoes. early in September, 1849. He arrived k lr i t i t!neezt i , ,, S i logle Gum or Plate Teeth, either on Gold, almost without money, and for a time sup- , ft - ti r sicisLa rth Street, 3 doors East of Echternacht's ported his family by daily labor. He first HoN? — r l a s tak tu e g hm a e s theord cou tendering thanks for the heretofore received, and hope by the was in the employ of an auctioneer named iiberid patronag e Stevens, now residing in the City of New ' r,r,:steKuniffize rtr . se be rvi e e n . a . bled at all times to attend York • afterwards he was employed in un- Ju l y 22 i ' r 27 .1. MARTIN. loading the steamer Senator at two dollars Tem• Landls,—Attorney at Law. Mee one d oor eastyteas of Lnl i il d e . e . s i Tite d l ;e t i ßing iu S e t i , Lancaster Pa. an hour ; at a later period in cutting and ' I Deeds, Mortgages, Accounts, L g ., will be so att w en ri i t l i Z g th w . l l l 4l hauling wood to the city for Sale. This correctness and despatch. may 15, '55 tf-17 hard labor soon broke him down, and for .—DIL Jas. J. Straw weeks he suffered severely with inflamato-1 MEDICAL Ina, and a Graduate of the Unlv% l l a ty te o; f t , Ph n i ! '"l. ry rheumatism, but his family had to be 1846, Kea located himself end opened an Office Inethea.Tiolf lege of b l e iazte i Lancaster county, where he ran at all provided for, and he could not be idle.— t when proles:dm:tally engaged. As soon as le to walk he visited several may 13 3m. 17 of his friends, one of whom employed him 1 r. J. T. Baker, Homepathir Physician, 6. .. ot.or in making bed spreads, for each of which DtO Dr. M'Allister. Office in E. Orange St., nearly opposite the First Ger he paid him tip dollars. A man Reformed Church. For more that three months after his Lancaster, April 1.7 (tr•t3) i tlitline J. Neff, Attorney at Lavv.—Ottice with arrival in Sa,crani onto, qpi. Bigler and family resided in 6014/lent. The tent next ß d . o. A ; T o hrZe ir % r F;:v i tut s h t lest i czn . er t o , f r e,} , u . tt essi . nitre, may 15, 1855 ly-17 was lined and cove ' '4with common Rus sia sheeting, which, daring the heavy No- Tames Black .— Attorney at Law Office in E. vember rains, proved. too thin to prevent v iii r og r... street, two doors east of Lechler's lintel. Lan the water from ooming through. Many , . lair ill business Manacled with his prop:m.lou, and nights, the Governor, wife and daughter, an kind, such " preparing Deeds, 31"tgag", Staling Accounts, &c.. promptly attended to. slept with their heads under an umbrella, ulaT lt s . tf-17 which was opened and hung over them to keep the rain out of their faces. Every morning, the floor of the "tent, which was the naked ground, was covered with water which had to be ejected from their habita tion before they could comfortably move around it. Their trials and exposures du ring the months of November and Decem ber, were truly great, but were all endured with a cheerfulness which indicated a be lief that the future has ample reward in store for them. About the middle of October, he was nominated for the Legislature. and on the 14th day of November was elected. On the 16th day of December, 1849, he took his seat as a member, and within the first five weeks of the session, was, by an al most unanimous vote,eleoted Speaker of the Assembly. He was re-elected to the As sembly in the fall of 1849, and in January, 1851, was again elected Speaker. In June, 1851, he was nominated, by the Democra cy, for Governor, and was elected in Sep tember. June, 1853, he was again nomi nated for Governor, and in September was again elected. In July, 1855, in opposi tion to his own wishes on the subject, he was nominated a third time, but, although he received nearly ten thousand more votes than ever before, was defeated by the Know Nothing candidate, J. N. Johnson. It will thus be seen that John Bigler was an ox-driver, daily laborer, twice member of the Legislature, twice Speaker of the Assembly, twice Governor, and nominated a third time by his party, in the short space of seven years. ASTRONOMICAL ASPECTS IN WINTER.- The heavens look lovely at night at this season of the year. The Newark .11dverti ser says, we are at this time favored with a couple of evening stars—Jupiter and Venus ; indeed, a third may be added, namely, Mars. Nor is it the first time ac cording to heathen mythology, that those ancient divinities, now called planets, have spent the evening together. Venus ap pears at present only a brief time after the setting of the sun. Her visit, however, will be gradually prolonged to a later hour. But Jupiter will shine for some weeks the greater part of the night, going to bed at the same time with the gambler, debau_ chee and street picaroon ; Mars will re main somewhat longer. While on the sub ject of the heavens, we may as well men tion that they contain, at no other time, splendors equal to those which now every ' evening illuminate the sky, particularly its eastern horizon. More fixed stars of the first magnitude are congregated along a bright belt, from Capella; in the north to Sirius, the most magnificent of all in the south, than any other equal space oan boast. First in the splendid procession advance the Pleiades, then follow close the Hyades. Immediately Orion bursts upon 0e sight, flanked by Capella in the Wagoner and the Twins on the left, and ' the lightning-flashing Sirius low down in the southern horizon, with Procyon be- j tween. Besides these, lights of less note supply the intervals along the brilliant I fields, and enhance the sublimity of these burning orbs, while Jupiter is glowing with his severely white beams in the wes tern sky, and Fomenhaut shining dully down south. By this time Venus, with her yellow ray, has retired to repose ; and left her old paramour, red-handed Mars, to spend the rest of the night in company with other celestial beauties. But all the glories of the heavens are not monopolized by the constellations in the east. Atair, Vega, the Swan and the Great Bear still keep their lamps blazing in the west, though all, excepting the last, with fading lustre. The Great Bear, perhaps the most remarkable of the constellations, ri ses but never sets, shining uninterruptedly every night in the year, as he is pursued forever round the pole by the dogs at Bootes. Tics BAKING BUSINESS IN PIIILADELPHIA.— The business of baking crackers and ship bread, by steam and machinery is carried on to a great extent in Philadelphia. There are five establishments, employing about two hundred hands, and consuming some 1500 barrels of flour per week, • 6,000 pounds of sugar, and 20,000 pounds of butter and lard. The process through which the flour passes before being transformed into bread is as follows:—The flour after receiving its due amount of water, is placed into a cylinder, shaped like a corkscrew, which, revolving rapidly, mixes and kneads it in a very brief period. The dough is then passed through heavy rollers which presses it into a sheet, after which s tiller rollers are employed, so as to red e the dough to the thickness required or the biscuit. The sheets are then taken to the cutting machine, which rapidly transforms them into biscuit, ready for the oven. In the bakery of Messrs. Rickets & Watson, a patent revolving oven is used.— This oven is 45 feet in length, and by the time the revolving plate passes through the oven, the bread is nicely baked. This oven will bake in ten hours 120 barrels of bread. In addition to this oven, there are twelve flue ones for the baking of hand made bread. The other steam bakeries of the city have the ordinary flue ovens. The entire business will reach over $500,000 per annum.—Ledger. eassoval.—WlLLAl,l B. YORDNEY, Attorney at jUkoLaaa has remoied his offi. from N. Queen at. to the building In the South East corner of Centre Square, for known as Hubley's Hotel. Lancaster, April 10 • Top emoyal.--ISAAC E. HlESTHR—Attorney at Law- Has removed to an Mee in North Duke street, nearly pposlte the new Court House, Lancaster, Pa, apl IiVILLIAIII WHITESIDE, SURGEON DENTIST.-office In North Queen street, Btl door from Orange, and directly over Sprenger & Weethaeffer's Book Store. Lancaster, may 27, 18.56. NEWTON LIGHTNER, ATTORNEY AT LAW, has removed his Office to North Duke street, to the room recently occupied by Hon. I. lt. Hinatar. Lancaster, apr 1 tf 11 JIINIUS B. KAUFMAN, ATTORNEY AT LAW. has removed his office to his residence, in Duke , street, first door south of the Farmers' Rank' near the Court House. ap I ly 11 EaEXIOVAL.—WILLIAM 8. ANWEO, ATTORNEY LAW, him removed hie Office from his former place, Into North Duko street oppoelte the new Court Howse. apr 8 tf 12 DT.. John. M'Calln, DENTIST—Oftko—No 4 Ban King street, Lancaster, Pn. repl 18 tf-18 Railroad House, European style Hotel Lnd Restaurant, No. 48 Commercial and No 87 Clay Streets, SAN FRANCISCO. BALKY a THOM PeuN, Proprietor. Jl.l 2 tf-50 TAPER HANGING DEPOT.—Removed to No. 10 Courtland it., New York, directly opposite the Western Hotel. The CROTON MANUFACTURING CO., (Organized in 18.16, under the General Manufacturing Law of the State of New York,) offers at wholesale, In quantities to suit purchasers, at Manufacturer's rawest Prices, for cask or approved credit. Paper Hangings, of every variety of sty la and price, Borders to match. Fire-Board Prints, in great variety. Transparent Window Shades. Oil Painted Window Shades. Wide Window Curtain Papers, and Window Shade Fixtures, of the latest styles andsnperior finish, all of their own man ufacture and importation. As their stock is large and en. tirely new, they invite Merchants, Booksellers and Dealers in these articles to call anti examine their styles and prices whenever they visit the city. mar 4 ti 7 CI REAP EXCITEMENT, HALL'S PAT ENT CONDENSING COFFEE POTS (I—Great saving of Coffee, great saving of money and health; will save at least a third of the Coffee sod. still produce a better bev erage. The subscriber has bought the right to ntanufac hire and sell the above great invention, to which he re• spectfully invites the attention of the public. Wholesale and retail. ALBERT C. BRAND, 346% Market et., above 9th at., Philadelphia. N. B.—Large Coffee Pots for Hotels and public buildings, altered to suit the above Patent. SOMETHING NEW—lmproved Patent Measuring Fun ■ell. The subsbriber has purchased the sole right for the State of Pennsylvania, to manufacture and sell the len, proved Patent Measuring Putinell. Ho is now prepared to sell them wholesale and retail. All Interested are invited to call and examine this great Improvement. County rights for sale. ALBERT C. BRAND, Wholesale and retail Tin ware manufacturer, 3444, Mar. ket St. above 9th Philadelphia. sep9 34 3m JOHN GYGER & 80., BANKERS' LANCASTER, PA. Allow FIVE PER CENT. INTEREST per annum on the daily balances of regular depositors, the whole or any por tion of balance being SUBJECT TO CHECK without notice. Allow live per cent. interest per annum on their Certfd• eaten of Deposit Issued for any length of time over thirty days. Depositors not drawing Interest, will always be accom modated In proportion to the value of their accounts. Stocks bought and sold on commission only. Uncurrent money bought at lowest rates. Collections promptly made, and drafts drawn on Phila delphia, New York and Baltimore. The members of the firm are individually liable for all the obligations of John Qyger & Co., consisting of JOHN GYGER, BENJ. ESHLEMAN, DAVID BAIR, a HENRY MIISSELMAN. RObERT CLA.B.XIIO:I, Cashier. sep 16 tf 33 TIME KEYSTONE DYE HOUSE, NO. 10 I. HILLER'S ROW, LANCASTER. PA. The Proprietor of which taker' this method to Inform the inhabitant. of Lancaster and vicinity, that he will DYE, CLEANSE' and FINISH ha a superior style, at the shortest notice, the fol lowing articles: Ladles' Dressee of Silk, Satin, Thibet, Crape, Poagee, Cash mere, Alpaca, De Lain, De Bage and Mohair. - Cloaks—Broadcloth, Ladles Cloth, Thibet, Silk and Satin. " Shawls—Crape, Cashmere, Thibet, Silk and Bay State. " Bonnets—Silk, Straw and Leghorn. Veils—Lace, Crape and Bobbloetts. Gloves—Kid, Silk, Woolen and Cotten. Hose—Silk. Woolen lad Cotton. Miscellaneous—Stich as Crsvats, Ribbons, Parasols, Sun. shades, de., de. Med. Gentlemen's garmente of every description Dyed, Cleansed and Pressed, to look like new. N. B.—All goods warranted not to smut. WALTER H. DOUGLAS, Proprietor. oat 14 aur 39 STOVES! STOVES!! STOVES!! THE undersignedrespectfully calls the attention of the 1 . public to their stock of STOVES, which they are now receiving; It being the largest and moat varied assortment they have ever offered for sale. Their stock embraces many new and beautiful pat terns of Cook, Parlor, and other Stoves, that are now for the first time in the market. Among their assortment' f Cook Stoves, era the well tried and approved Globe Improved, Fanny Forrester, Empori , um, New World, Crystal, WI IN Penn, King of States, Morning Star, Sun Rise. Lancaster Banner, Providence Banner, Empire, President, Capital, - Home,. Welcome, Sea Shell, Royal, Governor, Girard, Astor ' Western World, Swiftsure, Atlas Cook, Quick Step Cook, Ajax Cook, Gladiator, Black Hawk, Le. Among their Parlor Cook Stoves le the celebrated "FULTON PARLOR OVEN," Equally wall adapted for Wood and Coal, and far heavier, more economical, and cheaper than any Parlor Cook in the market. Also, the "Morning Glory," "Penn Parlor Cook," " Abbott k Lawrence Parlor Cook," "Model Parlor Cook," "Boatman, " "Governor," "Tuscan," &a. Their stock of Parlor, Air-Tight, Cannon, Nine-Plate, Church, Hall and Office Stoves, ,for Wood or Coal, includes every new and desirable Stove to be found. All of which are offered to Merchants or consumers, at prices that cannot fall giving entire satisfaction. ALSO,—A general assortment of Hardware, Saddlery, Building Articles, Farmers' Utensils, Mechanics' Toole, Iron, Steel, &c. GEORGE M. STEINMAN & CO. sep 233 m 36 West King Street,laticaster. Bath Briolts, Tripoli and British Lustre for tale Wholesale and Retail at Dr. WAYLAN'S New Drag Store, N 0.60, North Queen St., Leneaster. tun IS tree MISS LVOV'S , ALPHABETICAL AD VICE. A-11 Ladles, fors fashionable Cloak or Talmo, go to Wenta's. B-easitinil and cheap CLOAKS and TALMAS open now at Wentz's. C.-loam—mart fashionable shades for Talmas, to be found at Wentz's. ^D—etermlned to EXCEL" h ton motto lu Tahmas, now .t Wentz's. - - P.—ecritoody says, 'for cheap SIIAWLS or Talmas," go to Wentz's. F-astdonable, handsome and cheap—the Dress Silks now at Wentz'. " 0- eoc1 ;: dloalta, Shawb. c and Taltuas—hoed quarters are at Wean's. 11.-ow beautiful taw cheap the DE LAINES upen now at Wentz... I- advise all In want or a SHAWL, Broths, go to Wentz's. J-edge For yourvolvea, examine closely, and you'll surely buy at Wentz's. 11-nowledge tenth.w us, tor cheap shawls, to go to Wants's. L-ATEST STYLES—Talinas and Cloaks—lowest prices at Wentra. Money always reodves its FULL value, In Dry 00°4 at Wentz's. N-ow's the lime—from late auctlous—SHAWLS at Wents's I:I-peu now for examination, the beet Silks-0,4,75, $1,60, at Wentz's. s P-ersons wishing SHAWL, at auction prices, should call at Wentz'', - . Q-ulieas exciiriu,ur among the ladles—Cloaks and Talmo at Wants's. R-ich, rare and beautiful the DAMS SILKS at Wouts'a. "R-HALL I buy a FRENCH MERINO or CASHMERE?". You cath.decide at Wants's. E22=M=l ul and elegant—the Gouts' ?Ludo or Shawl. at Want V-ery many perilous buy all their Dry Uoods at Hants's. W-hyt Because they save at least 7.5 per Cent. by buying at Wants's. X.-L. X. T. Is the variety at LA D11,78' TAL3L4. CLOTHS at Wentz's. Y-on can be pleased In Dress Goods. eltmk.ii or Shawls at Wentz's. Z-eal In a determination to please 101;N the true secret of the Fueiv,, at Wents's Store. nor 11 ttall Dred X Dred P Dred 1 HOW DREADFUL! HOW THRILLING! The great tale of the Dismal Swamp, by H. B. StoweAustbor of Uncle Tom's Cabin. Its sale will be Immense. It la to be had at the Cheap Book Store of "C! h aw Le. Cloaks, Furs...Bo:who, Stella and Watoryllet Shawls. Ladies' Cloth Capes and Cloaks.— FURS.—S. I,I . ' tone Martin, Pitch and Minx Fun, In MaRTELLETES, v - ICTORIN ES, BOA 8, OUSTS Just received and for sale at the lowest prima by oat 21 tr 40 BILOTELLItS 5? If f . 1 ,.. 3 E, °I i i 111 g 0— 0 CI I r- ,c' Z t'l ' i• : ; 5 1 7 es' bi i ' _ - w 4 gII g p „ ,=, p. r i A pr poi n c r. ' er xP 4 11 0 0 --.., ;.to t 0 :,4 ; I „ Da, 7 :4' b.: , s co 4 , 49 0 es. - . 4. y •: p w Pa al T F., 1: A4l r -. i 5' g s . cl -:-,-t ;.. - I' I.+ ...in.B 1-, , 'w -tt a 1 2 ro e S. . 8 / 8 - E.. F 8 i. g ?tr E TO FARMERS, IRON DIANUFACTM. rers, Millers, Blacksmiths, Ac.—The undersigned, Agent for the estate of David Jenkins, dee'd, offers for rent, from the Ist of April next, the following property, situate In Crenaarvon township, Lancaster county, viz Two Forges, One Grist Mill, propelled by the Conestoga creek, Throe Farms of from 100 to 150 Acres "ea., of good Limestone soil and in a good Irate of cultivation, Blacksmith Shop and convenient DWELLING, in the village of Churchtown, and a number of Ton- NGE ant Houses. • The whole property will be leased together or In parts to suit tenants. The Mill, Forges and Smith Shop have been doing a large business for a number of years past. A quantity of wood will be sold to parties leasing the Forges. JAMES SIcCAA, Agent for the estate of David Jenkins, dec'd. Any information relative to the above can behad of Wm. B. Fordney, Esq., counsel for the estate, at his - office, Centre Square, Lancaster city. ang 6 tf 22 TTAL,IIABLE REAL ESTATE AT PRI. FATE SALE.—The subscriber will sell his valuable Estate known as "Feidt'a Dwelling," lying In Washington county, Md., and immediately on the road from Clear spring, to Mercersbnrg, three miles from the former and eight from the latter place, and only five miles from the Chesapeake Canal. The Farm contains 656 Acres of Land, about 230 cleared and in a high rotate of cultiva tion, 30 Acres of which is the beat of natural meadow, well set in Timothy; the balance of the land Is well set in TIM BER, such as White and Black Oak, Ac. There could easily be added 100 Acres more of the natural meadow land. The Improvements are a large BRICK HOUSE, Large Bank Barn, a never talking Spring near the door, which runs into the Barn Yard, ■ Spring House, Brick Smoke House, two Wagon Sheds, with Corn House, and all other necessary oat-houses. There Is a large APPLE ORCHARD of selected fruit, and Cider Works complete on the premises. Comprised in the above tract is a smell TENANT FARM, with good House and Barn, and two never failing Springs near the door. There is a good SAW HILL on the above described prem ises, in good repair with two Tenant HOUSES for Saw Mil len", all convenient to the mountain. The Farm on account of its close proximity to the mountain, renders It among the best grazing farms In the county. The subscriber deems it unnecessary to gives farther description of the above property, as any person wishing to view the same, by calling with him melding on the premi ses, will have the came exhibited with much pleasure. rep 0 3m 34 JOHN FEIDT. 11 . PROPERTY FOR SALE...The sub -I.J scriber effete at private tale the property on which he resldes In East °tango street, In the city of Lancaster, via: Two twostory BRICE HOUBEB, 20 by 28 feet, with back bnildloga, Hydrant, Pump, Chttern,&r., in the yard. With these buildloga all be void the lot 48 feet In front and running back t i n 2,37 feet to Murton street. There to a Barn with Threshing Boor, &able, Corn Crib. Hog Pen, &c„ on e 'premises, and every thing, building. and all, in I:hied:non ample ogler.— roar° are a variety of choice Fruit trees, mat as Apples, Peaches, Cherries and Apricots on the lot. Also, a bate number of excellent BUILDING On fronting on Chesnut, Fulton and Marion atruets, In said city. These properties will all be sold on reasonable tome good thief 1667. will be made and posateadon given oa the Arai of April, For farther particulars onquirt, of nov 4 tf.42 DENNIS MARION VAL 17A.BLE1 FARM AND MILL PROP. EitTY AT PRIVATE SALL—The subscriber will sell at private sale, the property on which eh. now Xesiclea, ly- ' cog on Doer Creek, In Buford county, Md., about ca•Amlle south of the Rocks of Deer Creek, and se. en from the of Bel Air, containing 910 Acres, more or lees, al= the buildings and improrementa thereon. The /en 4. la of excellent quality, very considerably improved,' anode good lancing, bee upon it a good Orchard, sad 60 acres !Alm& The Gum buildings consist of a large DWELLING' ILOURR, two Barns and other necessary out holism are of the mart substantial character, being built i of stone and covered with Slats. There are also upon this property a two-story - ER:WM the necessary buildings for a TANNERY, and a Large two story (MIST MILL pith HAW MILL strambildf these are also of stone and in good repair and upon a miner falling stream of water. Thai land is situated In a pteacant and heclthy neighbor hoOd, and within a short distance of the eaeteVaPlatvd Ocp tral Railroad. All persons desiring to examine this mimic ty will be afforded every facillty for so doing by the enbacti• bar, by whom the ter ma of We will be made known. ELIZA A. PRESTON, fore Harford st Biat7lanot. 10VALUABLE CITY PROPERTIIIB at PRIVATE, SALE.—Oie TWO STORY BRICE DWELLING HOUSE, with a two story Brick Back Raid ing attached, situated en the corner of North Queen and Frederick streets. Price $1600,00. 21 2-Story BRICK DWELLING HOUSES, with two story brick back buildings attached, situated on the east aide of N. Queen street, adjoining the jj above named corner building. Price each $1350. 1, 2-Story BRICK DWELLING HOUSE, containing eve rooms and a kitchen, with other appurtenances attached, situated on the south-west - corner of Frederick Meet and a public alley. Prize $875,00. 3 2-Story BRICK DWELLINGECUSES, containing each live rooms and a kitchen, with other appurtenances at tached, situated on the south side of Frederick street, adjoining the aforesaid corner building: Price each $B5O. 1 2Story BRICK DWELLING HOUSE, confab:kingly* rooms and a kitchen, situated on the south side of Frederick street, east of the p ublic alley aforeseld. Prioe $BOO,OO. 1 2-Story BRICK DWELLING HOUSE, situated on the corner of North Queen street and the Reading Rcod. Price $700,00. 1 2-Story BRICK DWELLING HOUSE, situated on the east side offorth Queen 'street, and four doom south of the aforesaid corner building. Price $650,00. For farther information and condition apply at the Clothing Store, of the proprietor, on the corner of North Queen and Orange streets, Lancaster, Pa. nov 18 et 44 F. J. KRAHPH. JTORN 0 9 11YRNE, 41 North Eighth NU, Philadelphia reminds the public that his stock of Is/HiS is unequalled forquantity, quality or rarity.' Oins can purchase of him a good outfit or Hun from ga tin-to $6OO. HL goods are all warranted.. RIO enstosionitelUbb politaly waited on, and no false representation' laktollso kind or quality of Hun ba tolerated In thamtabliati mint. All kinds of Para Satera4end wukorardoeVis. "FP made. - • - • • fftrVaa*,- NO 48 -MURRAY, YOUNG & 00.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers