OL. LI. Dr. John McCalla, DENTIST, NO. 8, EAST KING STREET, LANCASTER. JBaltimohe, Feb. 18. 1819 OHN McCALLA, D. D.S., alien- f’f ded two full courses of Lectures ' and graduated with high honors in the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery; and from his untiring energy, close application and study of the branches taught in said Institution, together r, 8 ofBki " ia the practice of hf. pro ?s wnri’h^ C ? e hesitation in recommending him as worthy of public confidence and patronage, n r c - A - Haems', M. D., D. D. S., Professor of Principles and Practice in the Baltimore ! College of Dental Surgery. I n e- C. 0. Coke, D. D. S., ; r? i. Operative and Mechanical Dentistry, Balt, I College Dental Surgery. j JOABD OF EXAMINEES : E. Parmley, M. D., New York. E. B. Gardette, M. D.’, Philadelphia. S. P. Hullihen, M. D., Wheeling, Va. E. Townsend, D. D. S., Philadelphia. E. Maynard, M. D., Washington, D. C. Lancaster, Nov. 12. 42-tf •'Howßeautiful!” “flow Life-like!’-’ “HOW DELICATE AND FINE !•» i SUCH are a few ofthe expressions of the scores of visitors wlio daily throng to JOHNSTON S DAGUERREOTYPE ROOMS, to procure one of his elegant Likenesses—which for beauty of shading, depth of tone, and elegance’ of finish, are unequalled by any pictures ever taken in Lancaster, and unsurpassed by those taken by Hie best artists in the larger cities. ■ Groups of any number of persons neatly arranged and taken on one plate. J ® Miniatures set in Lockets, Breast Pins, Rings, &.c., no matter how small. , • A beautiful assortment of Rosewood Frames and Papier Mache Book Cases, constantly on hand.— Satisfaction in every instance, and pictures warran ted not to fade. ' • Johnston’s Daguerreotype Rooms, are in Kramph’s Building, corner of North Queen Orange streets. . July 23 2 S-tf Dentistry. M E ne S ?f S ;i REI r D & t CARMAN > Dentists, re spectfully inform their friends and citizens' of the city and county Jtk&SfSf of Lancaster, that they have removed their office to No. S, North Queen street, over J. ~ ~°” B 8 Dru S S ' ore > "’hero they can he found at I'lZVh P re P BrBdt ° perform all operations upon the teeth. Artificial teeth from one to a full set in serted on the most improved principle. Pivot teeth cleansing, filing and exlractihg performed with care, and all operations pertaining to the den tal art, executed in the most skilful manner, and on.lhe most moderate terms. April 9 ’5O-ly-10j REID &’ CARMAN. . JACOB L. GROSS Attorney at A,aw, Office, Centre Square, EPHRATA—opposite Gross’ Hotel, . WHERE he will attend to the practice of his profession m all its various branches. Also Surveying—and all kinds of Conveyancing ZTrf Wi " S ’ stating’Adminis d Exec , utors ’ Accounts, &c., with accu racy and [April 23, ’5O-13-ly REMOVAL, JOHN M. AMWEG, H Attorney at Law, AS removed his office to the South West Corner of Centre Square, next door to G FI Bomoerger, and two doors west of the Lancaster Bank - [July 30-26-tf . HDlBa Opposite Vankanan's (formerlyScholfiehTs) Hotel, North Queen st., Lancaster, Pa. I heartily recommend to the pcdple of Lancaster, afl others to whom this may come, Dr. Waylan, urndute of the Baltimore College ofDental Surgery as a gentleman eminently qualified to practice his profession in a skillful and scientific manner, and of moral character that entitles him to all confidence. ?°„ a f ? er £ fy > tl ?' lt Dr - Wa y laa did obtain, as the award of a Committee, consisting of Dr. Parmly Dr - Roper of Philadelphia, and Dr Of Baltimore, a Cade of Instruments, offered i/the lege as a l>rize for the greatest proficiency institation. y a Dentistry as taught in the I do also certify that Dr. Waylan has operated upon my mouth in a. highly satisfactory manner. t, - Thos. E. Bond, Ja., A. M M D F 't BS Z? S P ec l a ‘ l Path “lofiy and Therapeutics* in the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery Lancaster, Dec. 11, >49. 46_ tr ■WILLIAM S. AMWEG, : Attorney at taw, OFFERS his professional scryiecs to the public. He also attends to the collection of Pensions, ana the prosecution of all manner or claims against P ve I nment - Hi* residence in the city of Washington for several years, the erperience denyed from the duties of the office, which he had filled dunngthat time, and the mode in which claims of th,s sort are most speedily adjusted, give the most amp e assurance that business placed in his notfaiMo b (T atte - nded to ■“ such manner as can not tail to afford •satisfaction. the°?anc?sterßan Q k Ueen StrCCt ’ SeC ° ,,dhonso below Nqy. 20, 1549.. 4 3-lv Dr. M. M. Moore & Son, dentists,. T^-ffio P mihh FDLLY ?i nn °; inoe t 0 thelr friends and Den i., S rf era y ’ that the * utill continue to P ARTIF D ICIAL y TEETH upon Pivot, Plate dr Atmospheric Pressure, from -a single tooth to a full set; carious and decayed teeth v 'f-GfXljs rendered sound and healthy by filling, and teeth ended ted one ~ Mf 1,113 -pain generally eypen- jKr Charges in all eases moderate. ®r e ‘ n ?' orth Queen street, half a square from the Court House, and adjoining Col. George & “ ? a i dw V e Store > and uearly omash Kauffman’s Hotel. [april 30 >6O-Ul4 GEO. W. McELROY, ATTORSEY AT lAW, T-T 4 S amoved h" 5 office next door to the Intel in the ™“ Lancaster, April 2, 1850 £teo> W. Hunter, ATTORNEY AT LAW. one door above yf :t! J er s-Gabinet Warerooms, in the office recently occupied by John F. Shroder, Esq. All kinds of Conveyancing, writing Wills Deeds Sms’| AeC °”S &c -> wi » 1)0 attended to wU« despatch April 12, >6O . . SURGEON OFFICE— In Kramph'^Buil^, L * NORTHEAST corner of • Orange and North Qneen Streets, LANCASTER,'PA Lancaster, July 3, 1849. T ANDIS & BLACK, ~ 1 ~~ — Ju ATTORNIES AT LAW: Office—Three doors below the Lancaster Bank, jt*s- xjii »S° een ® treet > Lancaster, Penh>a. All kindaol Scrivening, such as writing'Wills, Deeds 'Mortgages, Accounts, &c., will he attended to with correctness and despatch. ! January 16,' 1849 r fi . CHESNUT ST. HOUSE SAMUEL MlLLEffc W** 1 C *WWT!k, PHILADELPHIA. BOARDING $l,OO Ma DAY .. ■ [may 14, 1850-Iy-16 ahd <3 tk i a » d .in the mbetsuoeVh’hf ®i- ,rg 'V S ' t ' Tar , l • cheipir- PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. FeUoic-ciiizens pj ike Senate, .. / and of the House of Representatives .’ Being suddenly called; in the midst of the last session of Congress, by a painful dispense lion of Divine Providence, to the responsible station which I now .hold, I contented myself with such communications to the Legislature as tlie exigency of the moment seemed to require! The country was shrouded in mourning for the loss of its venerated Chief Magistrate, aud all hearts were peuetrated with grief. Neither the time nor the occasion appeared to require or to justify, on my part, any general expression of political opinions, or any announcement of the principles which wonld govern me in the dis charge of the Unties to the performance of which I had been so unexpectedly called. I trust) therefore, that it may not be deemed inanpror priate, if I avail myself of'this opportunity of the re-assembling of Congressrto make kuown my sentiments, in a general manner, iu regard to the policy which ought to be pursued by the Government, both in iu intercourse with for eign nations, aud in its management aud ad ministration of internal affa * -s. Nations, like individuals m u state of nature, are equal and independent, possessing certain rights, and owing certain duties to each’ other, arising from their necessary and unavoidable relations; which rights and duties there is no .common human authority toprotectaud enforce. Still, they are rights and duties, binding iu mo rals, in conscience, and in honor, although .there is no tribunal to which an injured party cau ap peal but the disinterested judgment of man kind, and ultimately the arbitrament of the sword. Among the acknowledged rights of nations is that, which each possesses of establishing that l form of government which it may deem moat conducive to the happiness and prosperity of its own citizens'; of changing that form, as cir cuinstances may require; aud of managing its internal affairs according to its own.will. The peopleuf the Uuited States cipim this right lor themselves, and they readily concede it to oth ers. Hence it becomes an imperative duty not to interfere in the government or internal poli cy of other nations; and, although we may sym pathize with the unfortunate or the oppressed, every where, in their struggles for freedom, our principles forbid us from taking any pr.it in such foreigu contests. We make no wars to promote or to prevent successions to thrones; to maintain any theory of a balance of power; or to suppress the actual government which any country chooses to establish for itself. We in stigate'no revolutions, nor suffer any hostile military expeditions to be fitted out in*the Uni ted States to invade the territory or provinces of a friendly nation. The‘great law ot morality ought to have a national, as welj. as a personal aud individual, application. We should act towards other nations as we wish them to act towards us ; and justice aud conscience should form the rule of conduct between governments, iustead of mere power, self-interest, or the de sire of aggraudizemeut. To maintain a strict neutrality iu foreign wars, to cultivate friendly relations, to reciprocate every noble and gener ous act, and to perform punctually and sernpu iously every treaty obligation—these are the duties which we owe to other States, aud by the performance of which we best entitle our selves to like treatment from them ; or if that,: in any case, be refused, we can enforce onr own rights with justice and a clear conscience. in our domestic policy, the Constitution will he my guide; and, in questions of doubt, I shall look for its interpretation to the judicial decis ions of that tribunal, which was established to expound it, and to the usage of the Government, sanctioned by the acquiescence of the country, I regardoall its provisions as equally bindiug.-r- Iu all its parts it is.tbe will of the people, ex pressed iu the most solemn form, and the con stituted authorities, are but agents to carry that will iuto effect. Every .power which it has granted is,to'he exercised for the public good ; but no preten'ce of utility, uo honesf couviction, eveu, of what might be expedient, can justify the assumption of any power not granted. The powers conferred upon the Government and their distribution to the several departments, are as clearly expressed in that sacred iustru-. ment as the imperfection of human language will allow; and t deem it myfirst duty, not to question its wisaom,add to its provisions, evade its requirements, or nullify its commands. Upon you r , fellow-citizens, as the representa tives of the States and the people, is wisely de volved the legislative power. I shall comply with my duty, in laying before yon, from time, any information calculated to enable yon to dis charge your high aud responsible trust, for the benefit of our common constituents. My opinions will be frankly expressed upon the leading subjects of legislation ; aud if, which I do not anticipate, any aot should pass the two Houses of Congress which should appear to me. unconstitutional, or au encroachment on the just powers ot other departments, or with provis ions hastily adopted, and likely to produce cou- : sequences injurious aud unforseen, I should not j shrink from the duty of returning it to yon, with j my reasons, for your further consideration. Be yond the due performance of these constitution al obligations, both my respect for the legisla ture and my sense of propriety will restrain me from any attempt to control or influence your proceedings. With yoiiis the power, the hon or, aud the responsibility of the legislation of the couutry. The Government of the Uuited States is alim ltcd Government. It is confined to the exer cise of powers expressly granted, and such others as, may be necessary for carrying those! powers into effect; And it is at all times an es pecial duty to guard against auy infringement on the just rights of the States. Over the ob jects and subjects intrusted to Congress, its le gislative authority .is supreme. But here that, authority ceases, aud every citizen who truly loves the Constitution, and desires the continu* auco of its existence and its blessings, will reso lutely and firmly resist any interference in those domestic affairs, which the Constitution has. clearly and unequivocally left to the exclusive ; authority of the States.' And ©very such citizen : will also deprecatouseless irritation among the; several members of the Union,-and all reproach ana crimination tending to alienate one portion of the country from another/ Thebaaiityol our system of Government consists, and its safe ty and durability must consist, in avoiding mu tual collisions, and encroachments, and in the regular separate action-of all, while each is re volving iu its own distinct’ orbit. The Constitution has : made it the duty of the President to take carethat the laws be faithfully executed. In a Government like ours, in which all laws are passed by a majority of the renter seutatives ot tire people, aud .these represent tivesare chosen for'such short periods, that auyj injurious or obnoxious law cau very soon be re pealed, it would appear unlikely that any great numbers should berfimnd ready to resist the exd ution of the laws. But 1 it must be borue in mind that the country is extensive, that there may be local interests or prejudices rendering a law odiousin one part, which is not so in an other, and. that the thoughtless and iuconsider ate, misled by their passions, or their imagiua tions, may be induced madly to resist such laws as they disapprove. .Such persons should recollect that, without law', there can be no'real practical liberty; that, when law is trampled under foot* tyranny rules, whether it appears iu the form of a military despotism or of popular violence. The law is the duly euro protection of -the' weak, -and tho only efficient restraint up ou the strong? When impartially.aud.faithful ly administered, none is beneath its protection, and none above its control. You, gehtlemeo, and thecountiy may be assured, that to the ub must of my ability, and-to the extent of the power yested in. me,. I shall at, a 4 times, and. iu . allplaces, take.carerthat..the.laws.be faithfully .qxecuted. In. 'the disobargej of this duty, pal -o©“uly imposed upon me by tlje Constitution, and by my oath Q f office, I ahaUshrinkfroii no shall enderfvor. to meet may: arise, with fiannew, as well ;aB and discretion, " P°vv.%is one oif .the most del . i<*tevwith which the Executive is inVebted/ I regard ifas trast, to Be etetcisedVrith he sole view/ot advancing the prosperity and happiness of the people. It shall be iny effort to elevate the standard of official 1 employment forplacea of importance individu’ al fitted for the posts to which they are assign- CITY OF LANCASTER, TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 10, 1850. ed, by their known integrity, talents, and vi r tiles. Iu so extensive a country, with'so great ■ a population, and . where few persons appoi uted to office can be known to the appointing power,' mistakes will sometimes unavoidably liappon, and unfortunate appointments be made, not withstanding the greatest care, in such cases, the .power, of Temoval may be - properly oxer-; cised ; and neglect, of .duty or malfeasance in office will be no more tolerated in indivjdual appointed by myself than iu those appointed; by others. a. I aut happy in being able to say that lio un favorable change in our foreign relations has ta keu place since the mes&ge at. the opening.of; the last session of Congress. We are at peace with all nations, and we enjoy in an eminent' degree the blessings of that peace, in'a prosper ous aud growing commerce, and in all the forms at amicable national intercourse. The unex ampled growth of the country, the present amount,of-its population, aud its ample means of self protection, assure for it the respect of all nations, while it is trusted that its character for justice, and a regard to the rights of other States, will cause that respect to be readily and cheerfully paid. A convention was negotiated between the United States and Great Britain, in April last, for facilitating and protecting the construction of a ship canal between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and for other purposes. This instru ment has since be/11 ratified by the contracting parties, the exchange of ratifications liCb been effected, aud proclamation thereof has been du ly mude. In addition to the stipulations contained iu this convention, two other objects remain to be accomplished between the contracting powers First, tlie designation and establishment of a free port at each end of the caual. Second, an agreement fixrng the distance from the shora-within which beligerent maratime operations shall not be carried on. On these . is little doabt that the two govern-" meuls will come to an understanding. The company of citizens of the United States, who have acquired from the State of Nicaragua the privilege of constructing a ship canal be tween the two oceaoß, through the territory of that'State, have made progress in their prelimi nary arrangements. The treaty between the United States and Great Britain, of the J 9th of April last, above referred to, being now in op eration, it is to be hoped that tlie guaranties which it offers will be sufficient to secure the completion of the work with all practicable expedition. It is obvions that this result would be indefinitely postponed, if any other than peaceful measures, fur. the parpoße of harmoniz ing conflicting claims to territory In that quar ter, should 'be adopted. It will consequently be ray endeavor to cause any further negotia tions on the part ot this Government, which may be requisite for this purpose, to be so con ducted as to bring them to a speedy aud suc cessful close. Some unavoidable delay has occurred, aris ing from distance and the difficulty of inter course between this government and that of - ” Nicaragua, but, as intelligence has just been re ceived of the appointment of an Envoy Extra ordinary aud Minister Plenipotentiary of that government to reside at Washington, whose ar rival may soon be expected, it is hoped that no further impediments,wiil.be experienced in the prompt transaction of business between the two governments. . Citizens of the United States liave underta ken the connexion of the two oceans by means of a railroad ncross the Ithmus of'Teimantepcc, under grants of the Mexican Government to a citizen of that Republic. It is understood that a thorough survey of thecouree or tins commu nication is in preparation, and there is every reason to expect that ft will be prosecuted with characteristic, energy, especially wheu that.go yernmeut shall have consented to such stipula tions with the governmentof the United States as may be necessary to impart a feeling of se curity to those, who may embark their proper ty in the enterprise. Negotiations are pending for the. accomplishment of that object, and a hope is confidently entertained that, when the government of Mexico shall become duly sensi ble of the advantages which that country can not fail to derive from the work, and learn that the'government of the United States desires that the right of sovereignty of Mexico iu the Isthmus shall remain unimpaired, the stipula tions referred to will be agreed to with alacrity. By the last advices from Mexico it would ap pear, however, that that goyermneut .entertains stroug objections to some of the stipulations which the parties concerned in the project of the railroad deem necessary for their protection aud security. Further consideration, itis to be hoped, or some modification of terms, may yet reconcile the differences existing between the two governments in. this respect. ’ Fresh instructions have recently been given to the Minister of the United States in Mexico, who is prosecuting the subject with prompti tude and ability. ‘ 1 Although the negotiations with Portugal, for the payment of claims of citizens of the United States.agaiust that Government, have not yet resulted jn a formal treaty, yet a proposition made by the government of Portugal tor the final adjustment and payment of those claims, has recently been accepted on the part of tlie United States. It gives me pleasure to say that Air. Clay, to whom -the negotiation on the part of the Uuited States bad been entrusted, dis charged the duties of his appointment with ability and discretion, acting afivays within the instructions of his government. It is expected that a regular convention will be immediately negotiated for carrying the agreement between the two governments into effect. The commissioner appointed under the act of Congress for. carryinginto effect the convention with Brazil, of the 27th of January, 1849, has entered upon the performance of the duties im posed upon him by that act. It is hoped that those duties may be completed within the time which it prescribes. The documents, how-ever, which the Imperial Government, by the third article of- the convention, stipulates to furnish to the Government of the United States, have not yet®been received. As it is presumed that those documents will be essential 1 for the cor rect disposition of the claims, it may become necessary, for Cougresa .to; extend. .tha period lunited for the duration of the, commission. The stfm by the 4th article, of the conVentieii to bepaidto this' Government has been received. ■ o The collection in the ports of the United States of discriminating duties upon the ves -8 ■ Ghili and. their cargoes has been sus pended, pursuant to.the provisions of. the act of Cohgres&.pf the 24th of May, 1828.' It'ia to be noned that this measure will impart ini-* pulse to the commerce‘between the two coun trieSjWhiehjoflate, and especially since our acquisition of California, hap,, to the mutual advantage of thepafties, been much augment- Peruvian gu&no has become so desirable an article .to,^the;.agricultural, interest of the United States, that it is..the duty of ,tho. Gov ernment 'to employ' air'the means properly in its power for the purpose of 'causing that ar,ti ole to be imported into the country at treason able price. Nothing iwill: he; omitted; on my _; part towards accomplishing thi^desirable.end. I am persuaded that in removing any .restraints on this traffic, - the Peruvian government will promote its own best interests* wbile : it will af forda.proof,.of a,friendly dispositiontowards Ihis Cftuntry »tn duly, appreciated. The treaty between the UmtedStatea and Jlis Majesty the Kihg of the‘Hawaiian Islands, which havefeoentiy beeirjnade public, will, it ia believed, have a benefieial effect upon the re lations, between tho twocountriea. . , iThe relations between, .those, parte of the , wlahd’of St.‘Domingo, which wtto. formerly colonies bfHpaitfand are still in an unsettled condition, ‘ The proxihiity of that ialand to ih'q United Statea. hndthe del teate questions inyolyeiiijjithe.pxisfcig.oontro-i yersjr there redder it'dqsirable that it should be permanently 1 anil Speedily ‘ adjusted. The" ini terests of! humahityiaiad Sf ■gefierS.lteoriiiheM' also demand , this.; and, as intimations iof the .rfiqcjysfl front other: tiovernmento, it is hoped that, some plan .may soon be deylfied-'to'-effeOt the" objeotin a min ner likely to gnre'general' satisfiictioh. Tbe Government of the United. States =vrill not fail, psoperhfriencUyioffioes, to dall.ia its.poyyqr.lo put an, end jt* tbo fog.. “ THAT COUNTRY IS THE MOST PROSPEROUS, WHERE LABOR. COMMANDS THE GREATEST REWARD.” Buchlbas: .mereitft, manufacturing,’ and’ navigating inter .ifests art ill,'to'a great extent, dependent on the agricultural. It is, therefore, the iriost import snt interest in th'e nation, end has a just claim ItQ ,tbe fostering,care and.protectionof the gov* , ern .(nem, sofar as.they cgn bo‘extended consist* ,eht|y with* tne provisions, of the Constitution. ;As this cannbt'be done by*the 'ordinary' modes of legislation, I respectfully recommend- the tablishment of-an-AgricaUnral—Bureau, to be charged with thftdQty'Qf; giyihgtQ thialeztding branch i.of; American...industry.:the-encourage ment whiohit an-richly litview of the immense immeat&resouroe* of oureonntry, provisionahoold *a]so:b6-tnadefor:theemploy •meat «f a c&mpeUhtfmirieraldgis‘t ifnd^emist, '“ S ! " • . - i-'- . ... i i iu Jui'iT.aVc ferent parts “of the island, and to secure to them both the benefits of peace- and commerce. I refer .you to the report of the Secretary of the Treasury for a detailed statement of the finances. The total receipts into the Treasury, for the year ending 30th of. Jnnclast- were.forty-sov nmniUion four hundrecLand twenty-one thous nd seven hundred and forty : eiglit dollars and • emety cents, ($47,421,748,90.) The total expenditures during the same pe riod were forty-three million two thousand one hundred and sixty-eight dollars and ninetv cents, ($48,002,168 00.) The public debt has-been reduced, since the last annual Report from, the Treasury pepart ment, four hundred and ninety-five thousand two hundred and seventy-six dollars and sev enty-nine cents, ($495,27679.) . By the 19th section of the act of 28th Jan uary, 1847, the proceeds of the sales of the public lands were pledged for the interest and principal of the public debt The great amount of those lands subsequently granted by Con gress for. military bounties, will, it is believed,- er nearly supply the public demand for sevo al cars to come, and but little reliance can, therefore, be placed on that hitherto fruitful source of revenue. Aside from the permanent annual-expendi tures, which have necessarily largely increas ed, a portion of the public debt, amounting to eight million seventy-five thousand nine hun dred and eighty-six dollars and fifty-nine cents, ($8,075,98659) must be provided for within the next two fiscal years. It is most desirable that these accruing demands should be met without resorting to new loans. All experience has demonstrated the wisdom , and policy of raising a large portion of reve nue, for the support of Government from du- on goods imported. The power to lay these - duties is unquestionable, and its chief object, of course, is to replenish the treasury. But, if, in doing this, an incidental advantage may be gained by encouraging the industry of our own citizens, it is our duty to avail ourselves of that advantage. A duty laid upon an article which cannot be produced in this country:—such as tea or coffee. —adds to the cost of the article, and is chiefly or wholly paid by the consumer. But a duty laid ppon an article which may. be produced here, stimulates the skill and industry of our own country to produce the same article, which is brought into thd market in competition with the foreign article, and the importer is thus compelled to reduce his price to that, at which the domestic articlb can be sold, thereby throw ing a part of the quty upon the producer of the foreign article. The continuance of this process creates the! skill, and invites the capi tal, which finally enables us to produce the article much cheaper than it could have been procured from abroad, thereby benefiting both the producer and/the consumer at home. The consequence of this is, that the artizan, and ' the agriculturalist, are brought together, each 1 for the produce of the ! -other, thewhole country becomes prosperous; ' and the ability to produce every necessary of 1 life renders us independent in war as well as in peace. g .A high tariff can never be permanent. It will cause dissatisfaction and will be changed. It excludes competition, and thereby invites the investment of capital in manufactures to such excess, that when changed it brings dis tress, bankruptcy, and ruin, upon all who have been misled by its faithless protection.- What'the manufacturer wants, is uniformity and permanency, that he may feel a confidence that ho is not to be ruined by sudden changes. But to make a tariff uniform and permanent, it is not only necessary that the law should not be altered, but that the duty should not fluctuate. To effect this, all duties should be specific, wherever the nature of the article is such as to admit of it. Ad valorem duties fluctuate/with the price, and offer strong tempt ations to fraud and perjury Specific duties, on the contrary, are equal and uniform in all ports, and at all times, and offer-a strong in ducement to the importer to bring the best ar ticle, as he pays no more duty upon that, than upon one of inferior quality. I therefore strongly recommend a modification of the pres ent tariff, which has prostrated * some of our most important and necessary manufactures, and that specific duties be imposed sufficient to raise the requisite revenue, making such discrimination in favor of the industrial pur suits of our own country as to encourage home production, without excluding foreign competi tion. Itis also important that an unfortunate provision in the present, tariff which imposes a much higher duty upon the raw material that enters into our manufactures than upon the manufactured article, should be remedied. The papers accompanying the report of the . Secretary of the Treasury will disclose frauds attempted upon the revenue, in variety and amount so great, as to justify the conclusion* that it is impossible, under any system of ad valorem duties levied upon the foreign cost or value of the article, to secure an honest obser vance and an effectual administration of the laws. The fraudulent devices to evade the law, which have been detected by the vigilance of tlio. appraisers, leave no room to doubt that similar impositions not discoved, to a large amount, have been successfully practised since the enactment of the law now in force. This state of things has already had a prejudicial in fluence upon those engaged in foreign commerce. It tendency to drive the honest trader from .the business of importing, and to throw that important branch of employment into the hands, of unscrupulous and dishonest men, who are aliko regardless of law aid tlie obligations of an oath. By these means the plain inten tions of Congress, as expressed in the law, are daily defeated. Every motive uf policy and duty, therefore, impel me to ask the earnest attention of Congress; tothia subject.. ; If Con gress should deem itunwise to attempt any im portant changes in the system of levying, du ties at this session, it will become indispensa ble to the protection af the revenue that such remedies, as in the judgment of Congress may mitigate the evils complained of, should be at once applied, .As before.stated, specific duties would, in my opinion, afford the mosfc perfect remedy for this . eyUjj. ;i but,. if. you should not concur in this view, then, as a partial remedy, I beg leave respectfillly.to recommend that, instead of tak ing the invoice of the .article abroad as ,a roeaps of determining its value here, the . correctness of which invoice it is in many cases impossible to verify, the law. be.so changed as .to require a home valuation or appraisal, to be regulated, in such panner as tp give, as far as practicable, uniformity intheseveral ports. There being ho * mint ,7n California I am informed.that the laborers in the mines are compelled to disposo of their gold dust at a large discount. This appears to me to bo a heavy and unjust tax upon the labor of those employed in extracting, this precious -metal; and l'doUbt -not- you • will be disposed, at-the earliest period possible, to relieve them from it‘ by the establishment of ji mint. In the mean time, as an assayer’s office is established there, 1 I wo.uld respectfully, submit for your consider- propriety of authorizing the gold bul lion, which has been assayed and stamped, to be received in payment of, Government dues. I cannot conceive that the treasury, would suf fer any. loss by such a provision, which .will at ■once raise bullion,to its par value, and thereby save (if I am rightly informed) many millions of dollars to the laborers which are now paid ; in brokerage, to convert this precious metal in to available fundß. This discount upon their hard earnings, is a heavy tax, and. every effort should be made by the ‘Gpvernment to relieve them from so great a burden. ■’ More than three-fourths of our population are .engaged in the cultivation of. the soil. The com- the head of the bureau, to collect specimens of the various minerals of our country, and to as certain, by eareful analysis, their'respective el ements and properties, and their adaptattion-o to useful.purposes. He should also be requir ed to examine and report upon the qualities of different soils, and tbp manures best calculated to improve their productiveness. By publish ing the results of such experiments, with suita ble explanations, and by the collection and dis tribution of raie seeds and plants, with.instruc tions as to the best system of cultivation, mnch may be done to promote this great national in terest. In compliance with the &ctof Congress,pass ed on the 23d of May, 1850, providing, among other things,-for. taking the seventh census, a superintendent was appointed, and all other measures adopted which were deemed neces sary to ensure the prompt and faithful perform ance of that duty. The appropriation already made will, it is believed, be.sufficient to defray the whole expense of the'workj but further legislation may be necessary in regard to ; the compensation of some of the. marshals.of the Territories. It will also be proper to make provision by law, at an early day, for the pub lication of such abstracts of the returns as the public interests may require. The unprecedented growth of our Territories on the Pacific in wealth and population, and the consequent increase of their social and commercial relations with the Atlantic States, 8/f»m to render it the duty of the Government td'mse all its constitutional power to improve the means of intercourse with them. The imr portance of opening tf a line bf communication, the best and most expeditious of which the na ture of the country will admit,” between the. valley of the Mississippi and the Pacific, was brought ‘to your notice by my predecessor, in his annual message; and as the reasons which he presented in favor of the measure stiil exist j in full force, I beg leave to call your attention | to them, and to repeat the recommendations then made by him. The uncertainty which exists in regard to the validity of land titles in California is a subject which demands your early consideration.— Large bodies of land in that State are claimed under grants said to have b.een made by auth ority of the Spanish and Mexican Governments. Many of these have not been perfected, others have been revoked, and some are believed to bo fraudulent. But until they shall have been judicially investigated, they will continue to retard the settlement and improvement of the country. I, therefore, respectfully recommend that provisions "be made by law, for the appoint ment of commissioners to examine all such claims with a view to their final adjustment. I also beg leave to call your attention to the pro priety of extending, at an early day, our system of land laws, with such modifications as may be necessary over the State of California and the ter ritories of Utah and New Mexico. The mineral lands of California will, of course, form an excep tion to any general system which may be adopted. Various methods of disposing of them have been suggested. I was at first inclined to favor-the system of leasing, as it seemed to promise the largest revenue to the government and to afford the best security against monopolies; but further reflection, and our experience in leasing the lead mines and selling lands upon credit, have brought my mind to the conclusion that there would be great difficulty in collecting the rents, and that the relation of the debtor and creditor, betweep the citizens and the government, would be attended with many mischievous consequences. I there fore recommend that, instead of retaining the min eral lands under the permanent control of the Government, they be divided into small parcels and sold, under such restrictions, as to quantity and time, as will insure the best price, and guard' most effectually against combinations of capitalists to obtain monopolies. The annexation of Texas and the acquisition of California and New Mexico have given in creased importance to our Indian relations. The various tribes brought under our jurisdiction by theso enlargements of our boundaries are estima ted to embrace a population of one hundred and twenty-four thousand; j Texas and New Mexico are surrounded by I powerful tribes of Indians, who are a source of | constant terror and annoyance to the inhabitants. | Separating into small predatory bands, and always I mounted, they overrun the country, devastating farms, destroying crops, driving off whole herds of cattle, and occasionally murdering the inhabitants or carrying them into captivity. The great roads leading into the country are infested with them, whereby travelling is rendered extremely danger ous, and immigration is almost entirely arrested. The Mexican frontier, which, by the 11th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, we are bound to protect against the Indians within our border, is exposed to these incursions equally with our own. The military force stationed in that coun try (although forming a large proportion of the army) is represented as entirely inadequate to our own protection and the fulfiment of our treaty sti pulations with Mexico. The principal deficiency is in cavalry, and I recommend that Congress should, at as early a period as practicable, provide for the raising of one or more regiments of mount ed men. For further suggestions on this subject, and others connected with our domestic interests, and the defence of our frontier, I refer you to the re port of the Secretary of the Interior and of the Secretary of War. I commend also to your favorable consideration the suggestion contained in the last mentioned re port, and of the letter of the general-in-chief, rela tive to the establishment t»f an asylum for the re lief of disabled and destitute soldiers. This subject appeals so strongly to your sympathies that it would be superfluous in me to say anything more>' than haTely to express my cordial approbation of the proposed object. The navy continues to give protection to our commerce and other national interests in the dif ferent quarters of the globe, and, with the excep tion of a single steamer on the Northern lakes, the vessels in commission arc distributed in six differ ent squadrons. report of the head of that Department will exhibit the services of these squadrons, pnd,of the several vessels employed in each during the papt year. It is a source of gratification, that while they havo been constantly prepared for any hostile emergency, they havo every where met with the respect and courtesy, due as well to the dignity-,as to the peaceful dispositions and just purposes-of the nation. The two brigantines accepted by the Govern ment from a generous, eitizen of New York, and placed under the command of an officer :cf the navy, to,proceed to the Artie seas in quest of the British commander, Sir John Franklin, and hie companions, in compliance with tho act of Con gress, approved in May last, had, when last heard from, penetrated into a high northern latitude; but the success of this noble and humane enterprise rs yet uncertain. I invite your attention to the viewof our present naval establishment and resources presented in the report of the Secretary of the Navyi arid the sug gestions therein made for its improvement, toge ther with the naval policy recommended for the security of our Pacific Coast, and the protection and extension of ourcomraerce. with Eastern Asia. Our facilities for a larger participation in the trade of the East, by means of our recent settlements on the shores of the Pacific, are too obvious to be overlooked or disregarded* TJie questions in relation to rank inthe isMny and; navy, and relativo rank between officers qf-the two brjm'chftf.of the service, • presfipted -40 the Ei ocutiva by, certain resolutions of ffio House of Bei> resentafives, at the last session of .Cbugreas, have bem submitted to a board of officersin each branch anearlyday’ thC " re P ortma y bo erpectodat . 1 al6o e arne6lly recommend the enactment of a law authorizing officers of the army and- navy to be retired from the service, whenlncropetent for its vigorous and active duties; taking care tcrinake 5 suitable provisions for those, who have AithffiUy andawflrdipjrrtiflipqirtfon^-hy retaining in appropriate commands JhosgnWhfj have been' particularly ‘ Conspicuous ioy 6*ffiantry and good conduct While *He obligatSpii' of the country to maintain and honor those who, ta the exclusion of other haVfe deyoted them* selves to its arduous service, this obligation should not be permitted to interfere with the efficiency of the service itself. I am gratified in being able to state,, that the estimates of expenditure for the. navy in tfie en.ro* tug year are less, by more than ojie million of dol lars, than those of the present, excepting the ap propriation wfaichuiiay become necessary for the ! constrncUon of a doek oa the coast of the Pacific, propositions for which are now. being considered, and on which a special report may be expected early ro your present session, i Thereisan.evideat jnstnessinthe suggestionof the same report, that appropriations for the naval service proper should be separated from those for fixed and permanent objects, such as building docks and navy yards, and *the fixtures attached; and from the..extraordmary objects under the care of the Dep&rtement which,however important, are not essentially baval. A revisibn.of the code for the government of the nkvy seems to require the immediate consideration of . Congress. Its- system of crimes and punish ments had undergone no change for half & cen tury, until the last session,, though.its defects have beem often and ably pointed out, and the abolition of a particular species of corporal punishment, which- then took place, without providing any sub stitute, has lefT'the service in a state of defective* ness, which.calls for prompt correction. I there fore recommend that the whole subject be revised without delay, and such a system established for the enforcement of discipline, as shall be at once J 1 humane and effectual. The accompanying report of the Postmaster General, presents a satisfactory view of the ope rations and condition of that Department. At the close of the last fiscal year, the length of the inland mail routes in the United States (not embracing the service in Oregon and Califor nia)-was one hundred and seventy eight thousand six hundred and seveniy-two miles; the annual transportation, thereon forty-six million five hun dred and forty-one thousand four hundred and twenty-three miles; and the annual cost of such transportation two millions seven hundred and twenty-four thousand four hundred and twenty six dollars. - The increasee of the annual transportation over that of the preceding, year, waa three millions mnehunared. and ninety-seven thousand three hundred ahd fifty-four miles, and the increase in cost was three hundred and forty-two thousand four.hundred and forty dollars. The number of post offices in the United States, on-the first day of July last, was eighteen thou sand four hundred and seventeen—being an in crease of sixteen hundred and seventy durina the preceding year.. . , ° The'gross revenues of the Department for the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1850, amounted to five millions five hundred and fifty- two thousand nine hundred and seventy-one dollars and forty eight cents, including the anhua! appropriation of two hundred thousand dollar s for the franked matter of the departments, andexcluding the for eign postagfis collected for and payable to the British Government. ' .The expenditures for the same period were five millions two hundred and twelve thousand nine hundred and fifty-three dollars and forty-three cents —leaving a balance of revenue over expendi tures of'three hundred and forty thousand and eighteen dollars and five cental J am happy to find that the fiscal condition of the Department is such as to justify the ter General in recommending the reduction of our inland letter postage to three cents the single let ter when prepaid, and five cents when not pre paid. He also recommends that the prepaid rate shall be reduced to two cents whenever the reve nues of the Department, after the reduction, shall exceed its expenditures by more than five per cent, for two consecutive years; thatthe postage upon California and other letters sent by our ocean steamers shall be much reduced ; and that the rates of postage on newspapers, pamphlets, periodicals, and other printed matter shall be modified, and some reduction thereon made. t cannot be doubted that the proposed reduc tions will, for the present, diminish the revenues of the Department. It is believed' that the defici ency, after the surplus already accumulated shall be exhausted, may be almost wholly met, either by abolishing the existing privileges of sending ITee matter througe the mails, or by paying out of the Treasury to the Post Office Department a sum equivalent to the postage of which it is de- such privileges. The last is supposed to be tne preferable mode, and will, if not entire ly, so nearly supply that deficiency as to make any further appropriation that may be found necessary so inconsiderable as to form no obstacle to the proposed-reductions. I entertain no doubt of the authority of Congress to make appropriations for leading ob jects in that class of public works comprising what are usually called works of internal im provement. This authority I suppose to be de rived chiefly from the power of regalating com merce with foreign nations, and among the Slates, and the power of laying and collecting imposts. Where, commerce is to be carried on, and imposts collected, there must be ports and harbors, as well as wharves and custom houses. If ships, laden with valuable cargoes, approach the shore, or sail along the coast, light houses are necessary at suitable points for the protec tion of life and property. Other facilities and securities for commerce and' navigation are hardly less important;' and those clauses of the Constitution, therefore, to which I have refer red, have received from the origin of the Gov vemment a liberal and beneficial construction. Not only have light-houses, buoys, and beacons been established, and floating lights maintain ed, but harbors been cleared and improved,. piers constructed, and even breakwaters for the safety of shipping, and sea walls to pro tect harbors from being filled up, and render ed useless, by the action of the ocean, have been erected .at very great expense. And this construction of the Constitution ap* pears the more reasonable from the considera tion, that if these works, of such evident impor tance and utility, are not accomplished by Con gress, they cannot be accomplished at all. By the adoption of the Constitution the severa States voluntarily parted with the power of col lecting duties of impost in. their own ports; and it is not to bo expected that they should raise money by fnternal taxation direct or indirect for the benefit of that the revenues de rived from which do not, either in whole or in part, go into their own treasuries. Nor dol perceive any difference between the power of Congress to make appropriations for objects of this kind on the ocean and the power to make appropriations for similar objects on lakes and rivers, wherever, they are large chough to' bear on their waters an extensive traffic.—r The' magnificent Mississippi and Its tributa ries, and the vast lakes of the north and the northwest, appear to me to fall within the exercise of the power, a» justly and as clearly as the Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. It is & mistake to regard expenditures judi ciously made for these objects ns expenditures for local purposes. The position, or site of the Work, is necessarily local; bntits utility is gen eral. A ship canal around the falls of St. Mary of less than- a mile in lengthj though Jooal in its.construction, would yet : be national, in its purpose and benefits, as it would remove the only'obstruction to a'havig&tion of more than a thousand miles, affecting several as well as ; our commercial-relation's with Canada. So, too, the Breakwater at themouth oft the Dela- ware is erected, not forithel exclusive benefit of the States bordering on the-b&y and river of that namq, bflt for ; tbat“of the whole coastwise nav- igation of the United States, and, to a consider able extent also, of foreign commerce. ”If a ship be lost on the bar at the < entrance of a southern port for want of sufficient depth, of watery it is very l likely to be a htwthein itiipj .and.if a steamboat^be.aunkiaany.partQfthe. Mississippi, on-account.of its channel not having been cleared, of may be. a, boat belonging, to either of ■; eight or ten States. 1 may addi as somewhat* remarkable, •that among all the thirty-nne States, there is none that is not, to a greater or less extent, bounded oh 'the ocean, or the Gulf of Mexico, of brie of the- great lakes, or sota* navigable fulfiling pnr constitutional dnties,fellow-; citizens, on thw carrying’into ef feet all other p6wers cofl Ferred by the Cdnstitn* tion, we should consider ourselves** deliberat-, ing and acting-for-one-and-the same country, andiboah constantly, in, mind, that ©a*, regard and our.duty aye due, not to a particular part ohly,‘hut to.the whola. * •aasafesjsgjgjta*^ 9 ; .^trs.'SKiSSTSSsI unfortunate creditors ?; the Government havethereby bqen.uaavpida! bly rtnned. Congress hasM much bnamosa oT e public character, that it w'iinii&Bible' ir ifibulS: .fflve; much, attention tomereprivate claims','and tbetr is now so great that many claimants inust aespaic of ever being able toob tains heanng: It may well be doubted whether Congrpis, from the nature "of its qrgaaixakiCu properlycolistituted to decide uporsucb casi aTt'ia impossible that each member should examine the merits of every claim upon which he ia compelled to t ote ; and it ta Preposterous'tq ash a judge to decide a case which" he. las never heard, SuOh‘ decisions may, and frequently must, do injustice either to the claimant or to .the Government,and di^, r^nr.°v,r e i ter remo i ) y ihrthiagrowingeviV tnan the establishment of some tribunal toidiu-' cate upon snch claims. I beg h* c, ?* Uy r ,0 * ec °mmend that provision be made by law for the appointment of a com- Oiafli" 10 .private claiina'againat thTu. onmf V j Bnd ° B “ P®** hearing must" in all' contested cases be very unsatisfactory, I alsdrl " of > eolirttor, whUso ’ l hali ho!« represent the Government be-' nl„'i IC r CO i n ! nlsalol '’ and Protect it against all: {.*!' 5 8 aI - fraudulent or imjnat claims, which may . be rr?L9 se v9-9 d their adjudicaiioa. • - T“tB District, which has neither voice nor vote in your deliberations, looks to you' for protection vnnhu’ all its wants to your' fa lnl ii der l a,lon ’ Wl,ha full confidence that f et the , m n°r, only with justico, but wtth liberality It should be borne in mind that h laid out by, Washington, and conse ermedby his name, is. located the Capi.ol of our nation, the emblem of our Union and the symbol of our greatness. Here also aro situated all the public buildings necessary for the use ot the Gov- ? n ?u B 1 lh ? se ? r f e «mpt from taxation, it should be the pride of Americans to renderthis place attractive to the people of the whole Re public, and convenient and eafe for the transae turn ql public business and the preservationof rherpf/J’il''' n reCord , s ; e Government should, be r r i a l! j eral proportion of the burd ens of all useful and necessary improvements.— 39 not r lng could contribute more to the healih, comfort, and safety of the city, and the security of the public buildings and records, than ! an abundant supply of pore water, I respectfully recommend that you make such provisions fdr ob taining the same as in your wisdom you mav deem proper ♦ • The act passed at your last session, making cer tain propositions to Texas for settling the disputed boundary between the State and the TerritOTy of new Mexico, was, immediately on its passage, transmitted by express to the Governor of Texas, to be laid by him before the General Assembly or its aCTeement thereto. Its receipt was duly' l acknowledged, but no official information has yet been received of the action of the General As thereon; it may; however, be very soon ° s ’ bylbe t f rms of lhe propositions sub mnted, they were to have been acted upon, on or before the first day of the present month. it was hardly to have been expected that the fvftWhl n ? easur ®? passed at your last session, Ik* k if j lew paling the sectional differences which had sprung from the slavery and territorial questions, should at once have realized their bene ficent purpose. All mutual concession in the na ture oi a compromise must necessarily be unwel come to men of extreme opinions. And though without such concessions our Constitution could not have been formed; and cannot be permanently sustained, yet we have seen them made the'aub- J d CI 4 °f t ? lUe r' controversy in both sections of the i? re^ uired many months of discus sion and deliberation to secure the concurrence of a majority of Congress in their favor.! It would be strange rf they had been received W(ith imme diate approbation by people and States prejudiced nd heated by the exciting controversies of their representatives. I believe those measures to have been required by the circumstances and condition of the country. I believe that they were neces sary to allay asperities and animosities 'that were rapidly alienating one section of the country from - and u deat . r °ymg those fraternal, sentiments linn t 5 lhe stron § est stipports of the|Constitu ntinA 1a y f we u re ad °P ted in the spirit <k concili- ' auon, and for the purpose of I be ivmnoVk? a ma j°- rit y of our fellow-citizens sympathize in that spirit, and that purpose, and in the mam approve, and are prepared,iri all respects, I? su f min P eBe enactments I cannot doubt that ki me i lCan j pno P^ e * hound, togetherlby kind red blood and common traditions, still .cherish - «J?!? moU i. nt reg,ird for thc Union of thei fathers; tbey read y to rebuke any attempt to SrOTi t ?' 1 K tog ? ty,to d * stuf h the compromises on which it is based, or to resist the laws wHich' hav e been enacted :under its authority. 1 r^rH B H r . leßtifmea,nreBlo which. l have alluded are - If£fl dd _: b / R l6 “ a settlement. in principle and sqt£ s»,hk e . a ai ?ai settlement, of the iangeroas apd exciting 'Hr hJ .ch:l b sy Moit t bf tbe*fsabj£t£ ’ indeed, are beyond yotir reach, as the legislate** whicli' dißposed ofthem was, in its character, bl ?‘ i tmay b . e Presumed from the oppoeUibh . which \ the> all encountered that none of those measures was' ' free from imperfections, but in their mutual drtHjndteiice and connexion they formed a system of eumpnjmise, the - most conciliatory _and best tor the entire coantn, Ibgt opinions obtamod frora C ®nflictmg sectional Swreitstiid • Kor this reason I recommend yooradhereoce b the ad-- > justment established by thbse. measures, until time -and experience snail demonstratethe necessity of farther illation to guard against evasion dr abose.- x l ■ ' , P we have been rescued]from the wi de-imd boundlessagitation that' surrounded us, and have,a firm, distinct, and legal ground to reit upoir/ And the occasion,l, trust, will jastify me in exhWtingmv - ' countrymen to rally upon and malutain that Wound a. nntitk ,°nly imeans, of restbring peace aUd “4 maintaining, inyio]ate|thbinteg-: } And.now, fellow-citizens, I cannot bring tbii. commn- ° nication to a close without invoking you to join mein humblp and devout thanks to the Great Ru'er of nations, ' for the multiplied blessings which e has graciously be stowed upon os. i His hrnid; so often visible idoor ares'.' ervatton. has stayed the pestilence, saved'us frmn. foreiin : wars and domestic, disturbances,-and Kaitereff'plant? throughout the land. ■ - 1-- Our J liberties, religious and- civil; hflwe beea maintained^-the fountainsof ham all beep Kept ppen, and means of happioegg widely spread .and generally enjoyed, greater Sian.have lallen to the lot of anv other.nauon. Arid, while deeply penetrated with grttitude for thß'tiast, !et ue hope that his all-wise Providence wifi so guide oia counsels,: as that they ehallTesu tin Sivinirsat. lefactionto our constituents, securing thn; peace .of the country, and -adding new strength to the united Government under which we live; T w FILLMORE. WxsHiNo-rdK,Dec., 2, 1850: ‘t COXESTOCJASTWESTOKE • mmMHriwfc' EA&T KING STREET, LANCASTER. I DESIRE to call the attention of the public to my ertenatve stock of BT6VESi; .oiled to'the wants of the people oP this county. Saving ibade valuable additions to my former large itoskjlam now prepared to offer a great variety of *he best patterns and styles, in the market, at theiowest pnees. Give me an early caJJ. JO“All Castings made. oithebest Iron in the country, and warrahted'fdr bde.yearw ! OLD METAL TAKEN INEXCI&NdE" My etyck ednslstsin part the'following New Iroprored'ftirior Cooking Stoves * Now Airtight for bun»ng ’Cda& ‘“ ' * '■ Celebrated; Victory, Complete Cook ' Hathaway’s Cook, Ten Plate'do * - Buck’s, dp Benedict’s Coal Burner, . <« R4diatoisi , s®*f Stoves of various, other patterns, together «Tnvr# 8n & ral ?" ort ? e , nt of Nine-plate WOOD ITfr?' “le, wholesale and retail, at the Stove of ; C. KIEFFER', East King ttreetj liancister. * ' Timothy; Seed. 200 fr, 8 .f I -,K KTM^' nM V 01 ' UY S EED» «I«r I •?' F ‘?. U “ r "***■>- Jfwt receifei and for •ale at the cheap hardware Store of :; -■' HEDBEff Bi ROHRER, EautKjng.street. aug3Q-t£3OJ _ Economr ln Waihlng. - XETEBB’S M&mmG rendiw VL JW» M either WMUiig Board Ci.Vw &*'?" “ the foi"laui«i*fcr > Clty.tad- CoDPty. >. >■■ - * •.ffifiy '■• fMcWS aWSi iS’HS’tti •“ JUmon^ 14 *«“?*.» 4Wf I«pU NO. 46.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers