OL. LI.
Dr. John McCalla,
DENTIST,
NO. 8, EAST KING STREET, LANCASTER.
JBaltimohe, Feb. 18. 1819
OHN McCALLA, D. D.S., alien- f’f
ded two full courses of Lectures '
and graduated with high honors in
the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery; and from
his untiring energy, close application and study of
the branches taught in said Institution, together
r, 8 ofBki " ia the practice of hf. pro
?s wnri’h^ C ? e hesitation in recommending him
as worthy of public confidence and patronage,
n r c - A - Haems', M. D., D. D. S.,
Professor of Principles and Practice in the Baltimore !
College of Dental Surgery. I
n e- C. 0. Coke, D. D. S., ;
r? i. Operative and Mechanical Dentistry, Balt, I
College Dental Surgery. j
JOABD OF EXAMINEES :
E. Parmley, M. D., New York.
E. B. Gardette, M. D.’, Philadelphia.
S. P. Hullihen, M. D., Wheeling, Va.
E. Townsend, D. D. S., Philadelphia.
E. Maynard, M. D., Washington, D. C.
Lancaster, Nov. 12. 42-tf
•'Howßeautiful!” “flow Life-like!’-’
“HOW DELICATE AND FINE !•» i
SUCH are a few ofthe expressions of the scores
of visitors wlio daily throng to
JOHNSTON S DAGUERREOTYPE ROOMS,
to procure one of his elegant Likenesses—which
for beauty of shading, depth of tone, and elegance’
of finish, are unequalled by any pictures ever taken
in Lancaster, and unsurpassed by those taken by
Hie best artists in the larger cities. ■
Groups of any number of persons neatly arranged
and taken on one plate. J ®
Miniatures set in Lockets, Breast Pins, Rings,
&.c., no matter how small. , •
A beautiful assortment of Rosewood Frames and
Papier Mache Book Cases, constantly on hand.—
Satisfaction in every instance, and pictures warran
ted not to fade. ' •
Johnston’s Daguerreotype Rooms, are in Kramph’s
Building, corner of North Queen Orange streets.
. July 23 2 S-tf
Dentistry.
M E ne S ?f S ;i REI r D & t CARMAN > Dentists, re
spectfully inform their friends
and citizens' of the city and county Jtk&SfSf
of Lancaster, that they have removed
their office to No. S, North Queen street, over J.
~ ~°” B 8 Dru S S ' ore > "’hero they can he found at
I'lZVh P re P BrBdt ° perform all operations upon
the teeth. Artificial teeth from one to a full set in
serted on the most improved principle. Pivot teeth
cleansing, filing and exlractihg performed
with care, and all operations pertaining to the den
tal art, executed in the most skilful manner, and
on.lhe most moderate terms.
April 9 ’5O-ly-10j REID &’ CARMAN.
. JACOB L. GROSS
Attorney at A,aw,
Office, Centre Square, EPHRATA—opposite
Gross’ Hotel, .
WHERE he will attend to the practice of his
profession m all its various branches.
Also Surveying—and all kinds of Conveyancing
ZTrf Wi " S ’ stating’Adminis
d Exec , utors ’ Accounts, &c., with accu
racy and [April 23, ’5O-13-ly
REMOVAL,
JOHN M. AMWEG,
H Attorney at Law,
AS removed his office to the South West
Corner of Centre Square, next door to G FI
Bomoerger, and two doors west of the Lancaster
Bank - [July 30-26-tf
. HDlBa
Opposite Vankanan's (formerlyScholfiehTs) Hotel,
North Queen st., Lancaster, Pa.
I heartily recommend to the pcdple of Lancaster,
afl others to whom this may come, Dr. Waylan,
urndute of the Baltimore College ofDental Surgery
as a gentleman eminently qualified to practice his
profession in a skillful and scientific manner, and
of moral character that entitles him to all confidence.
?°„ a f ? er £ fy > tl ?' lt Dr - Wa y laa did obtain, as
the award of a Committee, consisting of Dr. Parmly
Dr - Roper of Philadelphia, and Dr
Of Baltimore, a Cade of Instruments, offered
i/the lege as a l>rize for the greatest proficiency
institation. y a Dentistry as taught in the
I do also certify that Dr. Waylan has operated
upon my mouth in a. highly satisfactory manner.
t, - Thos. E. Bond, Ja., A. M M D
F 't BS Z? S P ec l a ‘ l Path “lofiy and Therapeutics* in
the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery
Lancaster, Dec. 11, >49. 46_ tr
■WILLIAM S. AMWEG, :
Attorney at taw,
OFFERS his professional scryiecs to the public.
He also attends to the collection of Pensions,
ana the prosecution of all manner or claims against
P ve I nment - Hi* residence in the city
of Washington for several years, the erperience
denyed from the duties of the office, which he had
filled dunngthat time, and the mode in which claims
of th,s sort are most speedily adjusted, give the
most amp e assurance that business placed in his
notfaiMo b (T atte - nded to ■“ such manner as can
not tail to afford •satisfaction.
the°?anc?sterßan Q k Ueen StrCCt ’ SeC ° ,,dhonso below
Nqy. 20, 1549.. 4 3-lv
Dr. M. M. Moore & Son,
dentists,.
T^-ffio P mihh FDLLY ?i nn °; inoe t 0 thelr friends and
Den i., S rf era y ’ that the * utill continue to
P ARTIF D ICIAL y TEETH
upon Pivot, Plate dr Atmospheric
Pressure, from -a single tooth to a
full set; carious and decayed teeth v 'f-GfXljs
rendered sound and healthy by filling, and teeth
ended ted one ~ Mf 1,113 -pain generally eypen-
jKr Charges in all eases moderate.
®r e ‘ n ?' orth Queen street, half a square
from the Court House, and adjoining Col. George
& “ ? a i dw V e Store > and uearly omash
Kauffman’s Hotel. [april 30 >6O-Ul4
GEO. W. McELROY,
ATTORSEY AT lAW,
T-T 4 S amoved h" 5 office next door to the Intel
in the ™“
Lancaster, April 2, 1850
£teo> W. Hunter,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
one door above
yf :t! J er s-Gabinet Warerooms, in the office
recently occupied by John F. Shroder, Esq.
All kinds of Conveyancing, writing Wills Deeds
Sms’| AeC °”S &c -> wi » 1)0 attended to
wU« despatch
April 12, >6O . .
SURGEON
OFFICE— In Kramph'^Buil^, L *
NORTHEAST corner of •
Orange and North Qneen Streets,
LANCASTER,'PA
Lancaster, July 3, 1849.
T ANDIS & BLACK, ~ 1 ~~ —
Ju ATTORNIES AT LAW:
Office—Three doors below the Lancaster Bank,
jt*s- xjii »S° een ® treet > Lancaster, Penh>a.
All kindaol Scrivening, such as writing'Wills,
Deeds 'Mortgages, Accounts, &c., will he attended
to with correctness and despatch. !
January 16,' 1849 r fi .
CHESNUT ST. HOUSE
SAMUEL MlLLEffc
W** 1 C *WWT!k,
PHILADELPHIA.
BOARDING $l,OO Ma DAY .. ■
[may 14, 1850-Iy-16
ahd <3 tk i
a » d .in the mbetsuoeVh’hf ®i- ,rg 'V S ' t ' Tar , l •
cheipir-
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
FeUoic-ciiizens pj ike Senate, .. /
and of the House of Representatives .’
Being suddenly called; in the midst of the
last session of Congress, by a painful dispense
lion of Divine Providence, to the responsible
station which I now .hold, I contented myself
with such communications to the Legislature as
tlie exigency of the moment seemed to require!
The country was shrouded in mourning for the
loss of its venerated Chief Magistrate, aud all
hearts were peuetrated with grief. Neither the
time nor the occasion appeared to require or to
justify, on my part, any general expression of
political opinions, or any announcement of the
principles which wonld govern me in the dis
charge of the Unties to the performance of which
I had been so unexpectedly called. I trust)
therefore, that it may not be deemed inanpror
priate, if I avail myself of'this opportunity of
the re-assembling of Congressrto make kuown
my sentiments, in a general manner, iu regard
to the policy which ought to be pursued by the
Government, both in iu intercourse with for
eign nations, aud in its management aud ad
ministration of internal affa * -s.
Nations, like individuals m u state of nature,
are equal and independent, possessing certain
rights, and owing certain duties to each’ other,
arising from their necessary and unavoidable
relations; which rights and duties there is no
.common human authority toprotectaud enforce.
Still, they are rights and duties, binding iu mo
rals, in conscience, and in honor, although .there
is no tribunal to which an injured party cau ap
peal but the disinterested judgment of man
kind, and ultimately the arbitrament of the
sword.
Among the acknowledged rights of nations is
that, which each possesses of establishing that l
form of government which it may deem moat
conducive to the happiness and prosperity of
its own citizens'; of changing that form, as cir
cuinstances may require; aud of managing its
internal affairs according to its own.will. The
peopleuf the Uuited States cipim this right lor
themselves, and they readily concede it to oth
ers. Hence it becomes an imperative duty not
to interfere in the government or internal poli
cy of other nations; and, although we may sym
pathize with the unfortunate or the oppressed,
every where, in their struggles for freedom, our
principles forbid us from taking any pr.it in
such foreigu contests. We make no wars to
promote or to prevent successions to thrones;
to maintain any theory of a balance of power;
or to suppress the actual government which any
country chooses to establish for itself. We in
stigate'no revolutions, nor suffer any hostile
military expeditions to be fitted out in*the Uni
ted States to invade the territory or provinces
of a friendly nation. The‘great law ot morality
ought to have a national, as welj. as a personal
aud individual, application. We should act
towards other nations as we wish them to act
towards us ; and justice aud conscience should
form the rule of conduct between governments,
iustead of mere power, self-interest, or the de
sire of aggraudizemeut. To maintain a strict
neutrality iu foreign wars, to cultivate friendly
relations, to reciprocate every noble and gener
ous act, and to perform punctually and sernpu
iously every treaty obligation—these are the
duties which we owe to other States, aud by
the performance of which we best entitle our
selves to like treatment from them ; or if that,:
in any case, be refused, we can enforce onr own
rights with justice and a clear conscience.
in our domestic policy, the Constitution will
he my guide; and, in questions of doubt, I shall
look for its interpretation to the judicial decis
ions of that tribunal, which was established to
expound it, and to the usage of the Government,
sanctioned by the acquiescence of the country,
I regardoall its provisions as equally bindiug.-r-
Iu all its parts it is.tbe will of the people, ex
pressed iu the most solemn form, and the con
stituted authorities, are but agents to carry that
will iuto effect. Every .power which it has
granted is,to'he exercised for the public good ;
but no preten'ce of utility, uo honesf couviction,
eveu, of what might be expedient, can justify
the assumption of any power not granted. The
powers conferred upon the Government and
their distribution to the several departments,
are as clearly expressed in that sacred iustru-.
ment as the imperfection of human language
will allow; and t deem it myfirst duty, not to
question its wisaom,add to its provisions, evade
its requirements, or nullify its commands.
Upon you r , fellow-citizens, as the representa
tives of the States and the people, is wisely de
volved the legislative power. I shall comply
with my duty, in laying before yon, from time,
any information calculated to enable yon to dis
charge your high aud responsible trust, for the
benefit of our common constituents.
My opinions will be frankly expressed upon
the leading subjects of legislation ; aud if, which
I do not anticipate, any aot should pass the two
Houses of Congress which should appear to me.
unconstitutional, or au encroachment on the just
powers ot other departments, or with provis
ions hastily adopted, and likely to produce cou- :
sequences injurious aud unforseen, I should not j
shrink from the duty of returning it to yon, with j
my reasons, for your further consideration. Be
yond the due performance of these constitution
al obligations, both my respect for the legisla
ture and my sense of propriety will restrain me
from any attempt to control or influence your
proceedings. With yoiiis the power, the hon
or, aud the responsibility of the legislation of
the couutry.
The Government of the Uuited States is alim
ltcd Government. It is confined to the exer
cise of powers expressly granted, and such
others as, may be necessary for carrying those!
powers into effect; And it is at all times an es
pecial duty to guard against auy infringement
on the just rights of the States. Over the ob
jects and subjects intrusted to Congress, its le
gislative authority .is supreme. But here that,
authority ceases, aud every citizen who truly
loves the Constitution, and desires the continu*
auco of its existence and its blessings, will reso
lutely and firmly resist any interference in those
domestic affairs, which the Constitution has.
clearly and unequivocally left to the exclusive ;
authority of the States.' And ©very such citizen :
will also deprecatouseless irritation among the;
several members of the Union,-and all reproach
ana crimination tending to alienate one portion
of the country from another/ Thebaaiityol
our system of Government consists, and its safe
ty and durability must consist, in avoiding mu
tual collisions, and encroachments, and in the
regular separate action-of all, while each is re
volving iu its own distinct’ orbit.
The Constitution has : made it the duty of the
President to take carethat the laws be faithfully
executed. In a Government like ours, in which
all laws are passed by a majority of the renter
seutatives ot tire people, aud .these represent
tivesare chosen for'such short periods, that auyj
injurious or obnoxious law cau very soon be re
pealed, it would appear unlikely that any great
numbers should berfimnd ready to resist the
exd ution of the laws. But 1 it must be borue
in mind that the country is extensive, that there
may be local interests or prejudices rendering a
law odiousin one part, which is not so in an
other, and. that the thoughtless and iuconsider
ate, misled by their passions, or their imagiua
tions, may be induced madly to resist such
laws as they disapprove. .Such persons should
recollect that, without law', there can be no'real
practical liberty; that, when law is trampled
under foot* tyranny rules, whether it appears iu
the form of a military despotism or of popular
violence. The law is the duly euro protection
of -the' weak, -and tho only efficient restraint up
ou the strong? When impartially.aud.faithful
ly administered, none is beneath its protection,
and none above its control. You, gehtlemeo,
and thecountiy may be assured, that to the ub
must of my ability, and-to the extent of the
power yested in. me,. I shall at, a 4 times, and. iu
. allplaces, take.carerthat..the.laws.be faithfully
.qxecuted. In. 'the disobargej of this duty, pal
-o©“uly imposed upon me by tlje Constitution,
and by my oath Q f office, I ahaUshrinkfroii no
shall enderfvor. to meet
may: arise, with fiannew, as well
;aB and discretion, "
P°vv.%is one oif .the most del
. i<*tevwith which the Executive is inVebted/ I
regard ifas trast, to Be etetcisedVrith
he sole view/ot advancing the prosperity and
happiness of the people. It shall be iny effort
to elevate the standard of official 1 employment
forplacea of importance individu’
al fitted for the posts to which they are assign-
CITY OF LANCASTER, TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 10, 1850.
ed, by their known integrity, talents, and vi r
tiles. Iu so extensive a country, with'so great
■ a population, and . where few persons appoi uted
to office can be known to the appointing power,'
mistakes will sometimes unavoidably liappon,
and unfortunate appointments be made, not
withstanding the greatest care, in such cases,
the .power, of Temoval may be - properly oxer-;
cised ; and neglect, of .duty or malfeasance in
office will be no more tolerated in indivjdual
appointed by myself than iu those appointed;
by others. a.
I aut happy in being able to say that lio un
favorable change in our foreign relations has ta
keu place since the mes&ge at. the opening.of;
the last session of Congress. We are at peace
with all nations, and we enjoy in an eminent'
degree the blessings of that peace, in'a prosper
ous aud growing commerce, and in all the forms
at amicable national intercourse. The unex
ampled growth of the country, the present
amount,of-its population, aud its ample means
of self protection, assure for it the respect of
all nations, while it is trusted that its character
for justice, and a regard to the rights of other
States, will cause that respect to be readily and
cheerfully paid.
A convention was negotiated between the
United States and Great Britain, in April last,
for facilitating and protecting the construction
of a ship canal between the Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans, and for other purposes. This instru
ment has since be/11 ratified by the contracting
parties, the exchange of ratifications liCb been
effected, aud proclamation thereof has been du
ly mude.
In addition to the stipulations contained iu
this convention, two other objects remain to be
accomplished between the contracting powers
First, tlie designation and establishment of a
free port at each end of the caual.
Second, an agreement fixrng the distance from
the shora-within which beligerent maratime
operations shall not be carried on. On these .
is little doabt that the two govern-"
meuls will come to an understanding.
The company of citizens of the United States,
who have acquired from the State of Nicaragua
the privilege of constructing a ship canal be
tween the two oceaoß, through the territory of
that'State, have made progress in their prelimi
nary arrangements. The treaty between the
United States and Great Britain, of the J 9th of
April last, above referred to, being now in op
eration, it is to be hoped that tlie guaranties
which it offers will be sufficient to secure the
completion of the work with all practicable
expedition. It is obvions that this result would
be indefinitely postponed, if any other than
peaceful measures, fur. the parpoße of harmoniz
ing conflicting claims to territory In that quar
ter, should 'be adopted. It will consequently
be ray endeavor to cause any further negotia
tions on the part ot this Government, which
may be requisite for this purpose, to be so con
ducted as to bring them to a speedy aud suc
cessful close.
Some unavoidable delay has occurred, aris
ing from distance and the difficulty of inter
course between this government and that of - ”
Nicaragua, but, as intelligence has just been re
ceived of the appointment of an Envoy Extra
ordinary aud Minister Plenipotentiary of that
government to reside at Washington, whose ar
rival may soon be expected, it is hoped that no
further impediments,wiil.be experienced in the
prompt transaction of business between the two
governments. .
Citizens of the United States liave underta
ken the connexion of the two oceans by means
of a railroad ncross the Ithmus of'Teimantepcc,
under grants of the Mexican Government to a
citizen of that Republic. It is understood that
a thorough survey of thecouree or tins commu
nication is in preparation, and there is every
reason to expect that ft will be prosecuted with
characteristic, energy, especially wheu that.go
yernmeut shall have consented to such stipula
tions with the governmentof the United States
as may be necessary to impart a feeling of se
curity to those, who may embark their proper
ty in the enterprise. Negotiations are pending
for the. accomplishment of that object, and
a hope is confidently entertained that, when the
government of Mexico shall become duly sensi
ble of the advantages which that country can
not fail to derive from the work, and learn that
the'government of the United States desires
that the right of sovereignty of Mexico iu the
Isthmus shall remain unimpaired, the stipula
tions referred to will be agreed to with alacrity.
By the last advices from Mexico it would ap
pear, however, that that goyermneut .entertains
stroug objections to some of the stipulations
which the parties concerned in the project of
the railroad deem necessary for their protection
aud security. Further consideration, itis to be
hoped, or some modification of terms, may yet
reconcile the differences existing between the
two governments in. this respect. ’
Fresh instructions have recently been given
to the Minister of the United States in Mexico,
who is prosecuting the subject with prompti
tude and ability. ‘ 1
Although the negotiations with Portugal, for
the payment of claims of citizens of the United
States.agaiust that Government, have not yet
resulted jn a formal treaty, yet a proposition
made by the government of Portugal tor the
final adjustment and payment of those claims,
has recently been accepted on the part of tlie
United States. It gives me pleasure to say that
Air. Clay, to whom -the negotiation on the part
of the Uuited States bad been entrusted, dis
charged the duties of his appointment with
ability and discretion, acting afivays within the
instructions of his government.
It is expected that a regular convention will
be immediately negotiated for carrying the
agreement between the two governments into
effect.
The commissioner appointed under the act of
Congress for. carryinginto effect the convention
with Brazil, of the 27th of January, 1849, has
entered upon the performance of the duties im
posed upon him by that act. It is hoped that
those duties may be completed within the time
which it prescribes. The documents, how-ever,
which the Imperial Government, by the third
article of- the convention, stipulates to furnish
to the Government of the United States, have
not yet®been received. As it is presumed that
those documents will be essential 1 for the cor
rect disposition of the claims, it may become
necessary, for Cougresa .to; extend. .tha period
lunited for the duration of the, commission.
The stfm by the 4th article, of the
conVentieii to bepaidto this' Government has
been received.
■ o The collection in the ports of the United
States of discriminating duties upon the ves
-8 ■ Ghili and. their cargoes has been sus
pended, pursuant to.the provisions of. the act of
Cohgres&.pf the 24th of May, 1828.' It'ia to be
noned that this measure will impart ini-*
pulse to the commerce‘between the two coun
trieSjWhiehjoflate, and especially since our
acquisition of California, hap,, to the mutual
advantage of thepafties, been much augment-
Peruvian gu&no has become so desirable an
article .to,^the;.agricultural, interest of the
United States, that it is..the duty of ,tho. Gov
ernment 'to employ' air'the means properly in
its power for the purpose of 'causing that ar,ti
ole to be imported into the country at treason
able price. Nothing iwill: he; omitted; on my
_; part towards accomplishing thi^desirable.end.
I am persuaded that in removing any .restraints
on this traffic, - the Peruvian government will
promote its own best interests* wbile : it will af
forda.proof,.of a,friendly dispositiontowards
Ihis Cftuntry »tn duly, appreciated.
The treaty between the UmtedStatea and Jlis
Majesty the Kihg of the‘Hawaiian Islands,
which havefeoentiy beeirjnade public, will, it
ia believed, have a benefieial effect upon the re
lations, between tho twocountriea. . ,
iThe relations between, .those, parte of the
, wlahd’of St.‘Domingo, which wtto. formerly
colonies bfHpaitfand are
still in an unsettled condition, ‘ The proxihiity
of that ialand to ih'q United Statea. hndthe del
teate questions inyolyeiiijjithe.pxisfcig.oontro-i
yersjr there redder it'dqsirable that it should be
permanently 1 anil Speedily ‘ adjusted. The" ini
terests of! humahityiaiad Sf ■gefierS.lteoriiiheM'
also demand , this.; and, as intimations iof the
.rfiqcjysfl front other:
tiovernmento, it is hoped that, some plan .may
soon be deylfied-'to'-effeOt the" objeotin a min
ner likely to gnre'general' satisfiictioh. Tbe
Government of the United. States =vrill not fail,
psoperhfriencUyioffioes,
to dall.ia its.poyyqr.lo put an, end jt* tbo fog..
“ THAT COUNTRY IS THE MOST PROSPEROUS, WHERE LABOR. COMMANDS THE GREATEST REWARD.” Buchlbas:
.mereitft, manufacturing,’ and’ navigating inter
.ifests art ill,'to'a great extent, dependent on the
agricultural. It is, therefore, the iriost import
snt interest in th'e nation, end has a just claim
ItQ ,tbe fostering,care and.protectionof the gov*
, ern .(nem, sofar as.they cgn bo‘extended consist*
,eht|y with* tne provisions, of the Constitution.
;As this cannbt'be done by*the 'ordinary' modes
of legislation, I respectfully recommend- the
tablishment of-an-AgricaUnral—Bureau, to be
charged with thftdQty'Qf; giyihgtQ thialeztding
branch i.of; American...industry.:the-encourage
ment whiohit an-richly litview of
the immense immeat&resouroe* of oureonntry,
provisionahoold *a]so:b6-tnadefor:theemploy
•meat «f a c&mpeUhtfmirieraldgis‘t ifnd^emist,
'“ S ! " • . - i-'- . ...
i i iu Jui'iT.aVc
ferent parts “of the island, and to secure to
them both the benefits of peace- and commerce.
I refer .you to the report of the Secretary of
the Treasury for a detailed statement of the
finances.
The total receipts into the Treasury, for the
year ending 30th of. Jnnclast- were.forty-sov
nmniUion four hundrecLand twenty-one thous
nd seven hundred and forty : eiglit dollars and
• emety cents, ($47,421,748,90.)
The total expenditures during the same pe
riod were forty-three million two thousand one
hundred and sixty-eight dollars and ninetv
cents, ($48,002,168 00.)
The public debt has-been reduced, since the
last annual Report from, the Treasury pepart
ment, four hundred and ninety-five thousand
two hundred and seventy-six dollars and sev
enty-nine cents, ($495,27679.)
. By the 19th section of the act of 28th Jan
uary, 1847, the proceeds of the sales of the
public lands were pledged for the interest and
principal of the public debt The great amount
of those lands subsequently granted by Con
gress for. military bounties, will, it is believed,-
er nearly supply the public demand for sevo
al cars to come, and but little reliance can,
therefore, be placed on that hitherto fruitful
source of revenue.
Aside from the permanent annual-expendi
tures, which have necessarily largely increas
ed, a portion of the public debt, amounting to
eight million seventy-five thousand nine hun
dred and eighty-six dollars and fifty-nine cents,
($8,075,98659) must be provided for within
the next two fiscal years. It is most desirable
that these accruing demands should be met
without resorting to new loans.
All experience has demonstrated the wisdom ,
and policy of raising a large portion of reve
nue, for the support of Government from du-
on goods imported. The power to lay these -
duties is unquestionable, and its chief object,
of course, is to replenish the treasury. But,
if, in doing this, an incidental advantage may
be gained by encouraging the industry of our
own citizens, it is our duty to avail ourselves of
that advantage.
A duty laid upon an article which cannot be
produced in this country:—such as tea or coffee.
—adds to the cost of the article, and is chiefly
or wholly paid by the consumer. But a duty
laid ppon an article which may. be produced
here, stimulates the skill and industry of our
own country to produce the same article, which
is brought into thd market in competition with
the foreign article, and the importer is thus
compelled to reduce his price to that, at which
the domestic articlb can be sold, thereby throw
ing a part of the quty upon the producer of
the foreign article. The continuance of this
process creates the! skill, and invites the capi
tal, which finally enables us to produce the
article much cheaper than it could have been
procured from abroad, thereby benefiting both
the producer and/the consumer at home. The
consequence of this is, that the artizan, and '
the agriculturalist, are brought together, each 1
for the produce of the !
-other, thewhole country becomes prosperous; '
and the ability to produce every necessary of 1
life renders us independent in war as well as
in peace. g
.A high tariff can never be permanent. It
will cause dissatisfaction and will be changed.
It excludes competition, and thereby invites
the investment of capital in manufactures to
such excess, that when changed it brings dis
tress, bankruptcy, and ruin, upon all who
have been misled by its faithless protection.-
What'the manufacturer wants, is uniformity
and permanency, that he may feel a confidence
that ho is not to be ruined by sudden changes.
But to make a tariff uniform and permanent,
it is not only necessary that the law should
not be altered, but that the duty should not
fluctuate. To effect this, all duties should be
specific, wherever the nature of the article
is such as to admit of it. Ad valorem duties
fluctuate/with the price, and offer strong tempt
ations to fraud and perjury Specific duties,
on the contrary, are equal and uniform in all
ports, and at all times, and offer-a strong in
ducement to the importer to bring the best ar
ticle, as he pays no more duty upon that, than
upon one of inferior quality. I therefore
strongly recommend a modification of the pres
ent tariff, which has prostrated * some of our
most important and necessary manufactures,
and that specific duties be imposed sufficient
to raise the requisite revenue, making such
discrimination in favor of the industrial pur
suits of our own country as to encourage home
production, without excluding foreign competi
tion. Itis also important that an unfortunate
provision in the present, tariff which imposes
a much higher duty upon the raw material
that enters into our manufactures than upon
the manufactured article, should be remedied.
The papers accompanying the report of the
. Secretary of the Treasury will disclose frauds
attempted upon the revenue, in variety and
amount so great, as to justify the conclusion*
that it is impossible, under any system of ad
valorem duties levied upon the foreign cost or
value of the article, to secure an honest obser
vance and an effectual administration of the
laws. The fraudulent devices to evade the law,
which have been detected by the vigilance of
tlio. appraisers, leave no room to doubt that
similar impositions not discoved, to a large
amount, have been successfully practised since
the enactment of the law now in force. This
state of things has already had a prejudicial in
fluence upon those engaged in foreign commerce.
It tendency to drive the honest trader
from .the business of importing, and to throw
that important branch of employment into the
hands, of unscrupulous and dishonest men, who
are aliko regardless of law aid tlie obligations
of an oath. By these means the plain inten
tions of Congress, as expressed in the law, are
daily defeated. Every motive uf policy and
duty, therefore, impel me to ask the earnest
attention of Congress; tothia subject.. ; If Con
gress should deem itunwise to attempt any im
portant changes in the system of levying, du
ties at this session, it will become indispensa
ble to the protection af the revenue that such
remedies, as in the judgment of Congress may
mitigate the evils complained of, should be at
once applied,
.As before.stated, specific duties would, in my
opinion, afford the mosfc perfect remedy for this
. eyUjj. ;i but,. if. you should not concur in this
view, then, as a partial remedy, I beg leave
respectfillly.to recommend that, instead of tak
ing the invoice of the .article abroad as ,a roeaps
of determining its value here, the . correctness
of which invoice it is in many cases impossible
to verify, the law. be.so changed as .to require
a home valuation or appraisal, to be regulated,
in such panner as tp give, as far as practicable,
uniformity intheseveral ports.
There being ho * mint ,7n California I am
informed.that the laborers in the mines are
compelled to disposo of their gold dust at a
large discount. This appears to me to bo a
heavy and unjust tax upon the labor of those
employed in extracting, this precious -metal;
and l'doUbt -not- you • will be disposed, at-the
earliest period possible, to relieve them from it‘
by the establishment of ji mint. In the mean
time, as an assayer’s office is established there, 1
I wo.uld respectfully, submit for your consider-
propriety of authorizing the gold bul
lion, which has been assayed and stamped, to
be received in payment of, Government dues.
I cannot conceive that the treasury, would suf
fer any. loss by such a provision, which .will at
■once raise bullion,to its par value, and thereby
save (if I am rightly informed) many millions
of dollars to the laborers which are now paid
; in brokerage, to convert this precious metal in
to available fundß. This discount upon their
hard earnings, is a heavy tax, and. every effort
should be made by the ‘Gpvernment to relieve
them from so great a burden. ■’
More than three-fourths of our population are
.engaged in the cultivation of. the soil. The com-
the head of the bureau, to collect specimens of
the various minerals of our country, and to as
certain, by eareful analysis, their'respective el
ements and properties, and their adaptattion-o
to useful.purposes. He should also be requir
ed to examine and report upon the qualities of
different soils, and tbp manures best calculated
to improve their productiveness. By publish
ing the results of such experiments, with suita
ble explanations, and by the collection and dis
tribution of raie seeds and plants, with.instruc
tions as to the best system of cultivation, mnch
may be done to promote this great national in
terest.
In compliance with the &ctof Congress,pass
ed on the 23d of May, 1850, providing, among
other things,-for. taking the seventh census, a
superintendent was appointed, and all other
measures adopted which were deemed neces
sary to ensure the prompt and faithful perform
ance of that duty. The appropriation already
made will, it is believed, be.sufficient to defray
the whole expense of the'workj but further
legislation may be necessary in regard to ; the
compensation of some of the. marshals.of the
Territories. It will also be proper to make
provision by law, at an early day, for the pub
lication of such abstracts of the returns as the
public interests may require.
The unprecedented growth of our Territories
on the Pacific in wealth and population, and
the consequent increase of their social and
commercial relations with the Atlantic States,
8/f»m to render it the duty of the Government
td'mse all its constitutional power to improve
the means of intercourse with them. The imr
portance of opening tf a line bf communication,
the best and most expeditious of which the na
ture of the country will admit,” between the.
valley of the Mississippi and the Pacific, was
brought ‘to your notice by my predecessor, in
his annual message; and as the reasons which
he presented in favor of the measure stiil exist j
in full force, I beg leave to call your attention |
to them, and to repeat the recommendations
then made by him.
The uncertainty which exists in regard to the
validity of land titles in California is a subject
which demands your early consideration.—
Large bodies of land in that State are claimed
under grants said to have b.een made by auth
ority of the Spanish and Mexican Governments.
Many of these have not been perfected, others
have been revoked, and some are believed to
bo fraudulent. But until they shall have been
judicially investigated, they will continue to
retard the settlement and improvement of the
country. I, therefore, respectfully recommend
that provisions "be made by law, for the appoint
ment of commissioners to examine all such
claims with a view to their final adjustment.
I also beg leave to call your attention to the pro
priety of extending, at an early day, our system
of land laws, with such modifications as may be
necessary over the State of California and the ter
ritories of Utah and New Mexico. The mineral
lands of California will, of course, form an excep
tion to any general system which may be adopted.
Various methods of disposing of them have been
suggested. I was at first inclined to favor-the
system of leasing, as it seemed to promise the
largest revenue to the government and to afford
the best security against monopolies; but further
reflection, and our experience in leasing the lead
mines and selling lands upon credit, have brought
my mind to the conclusion that there would be
great difficulty in collecting the rents, and that
the relation of the debtor and creditor, betweep the
citizens and the government, would be attended
with many mischievous consequences. I there
fore recommend that, instead of retaining the min
eral lands under the permanent control of the
Government, they be divided into small parcels
and sold, under such restrictions, as to quantity
and time, as will insure the best price, and guard'
most effectually against combinations of capitalists
to obtain monopolies.
The annexation of Texas and the acquisition
of California and New Mexico have given in
creased importance to our Indian relations. The
various tribes brought under our jurisdiction by
theso enlargements of our boundaries are estima
ted to embrace a population of one hundred and
twenty-four thousand;
j Texas and New Mexico are surrounded by
I powerful tribes of Indians, who are a source of
| constant terror and annoyance to the inhabitants.
| Separating into small predatory bands, and always
I mounted, they overrun the country, devastating
farms, destroying crops, driving off whole herds of
cattle, and occasionally murdering the inhabitants
or carrying them into captivity. The great roads
leading into the country are infested with them,
whereby travelling is rendered extremely danger
ous, and immigration is almost entirely arrested.
The Mexican frontier, which, by the 11th article
of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, we are bound
to protect against the Indians within our border,
is exposed to these incursions equally with our
own. The military force stationed in that coun
try (although forming a large proportion of the
army) is represented as entirely inadequate to our
own protection and the fulfiment of our treaty sti
pulations with Mexico. The principal deficiency
is in cavalry, and I recommend that Congress
should, at as early a period as practicable, provide
for the raising of one or more regiments of mount
ed men.
For further suggestions on this subject, and
others connected with our domestic interests, and
the defence of our frontier, I refer you to the re
port of the Secretary of the Interior and of the
Secretary of War.
I commend also to your favorable consideration
the suggestion contained in the last mentioned re
port, and of the letter of the general-in-chief, rela
tive to the establishment t»f an asylum for the re
lief of disabled and destitute soldiers. This subject
appeals so strongly to your sympathies that it
would be superfluous in me to say anything more>'
than haTely to express my cordial approbation of
the proposed object.
The navy continues to give protection to our
commerce and other national interests in the dif
ferent quarters of the globe, and, with the excep
tion of a single steamer on the Northern lakes, the
vessels in commission arc distributed in six differ
ent squadrons.
report of the head of that Department will
exhibit the services of these squadrons, pnd,of the
several vessels employed in each during the papt
year. It is a source of gratification, that while
they havo been constantly prepared for any hostile
emergency, they havo every where met with the
respect and courtesy, due as well to the dignity-,as
to the peaceful dispositions and just purposes-of
the nation.
The two brigantines accepted by the Govern
ment from a generous, eitizen of New York, and
placed under the command of an officer :cf the
navy, to,proceed to the Artie seas in quest of the
British commander, Sir John Franklin, and hie
companions, in compliance with tho act of Con
gress, approved in May last, had, when last heard
from, penetrated into a high northern latitude; but
the success of this noble and humane enterprise rs
yet uncertain.
I invite your attention to the viewof our present
naval establishment and resources presented in the
report of the Secretary of the Navyi arid the sug
gestions therein made for its improvement, toge
ther with the naval policy recommended for the
security of our Pacific Coast, and the protection
and extension of ourcomraerce. with Eastern Asia.
Our facilities for a larger participation in the trade
of the East, by means of our recent settlements on
the shores of the Pacific, are too obvious to be
overlooked or disregarded*
TJie questions in relation to rank inthe isMny
and; navy, and relativo rank between officers qf-the
two brjm'chftf.of the service, • presfipted -40 the Ei
ocutiva by, certain resolutions of ffio House of Bei>
resentafives, at the last session of .Cbugreas, have
bem submitted to a board of officersin each branch
anearlyday’ thC " re P ortma y bo erpectodat
. 1 al6o e arne6lly recommend the enactment of a
law authorizing officers of the army and- navy to
be retired from the service, whenlncropetent for
its vigorous and active duties; taking care tcrinake 5
suitable provisions for those, who have AithffiUy
andawflrdipjrrtiflipqirtfon^-hy
retaining in appropriate commands JhosgnWhfj
have been' particularly ‘ Conspicuous ioy 6*ffiantry
and good conduct While *He obligatSpii' of the
country to maintain and honor those who, ta the
exclusion of other haVfe deyoted them*
selves to its arduous service, this obligation should
not be permitted to interfere with the efficiency of
the service itself.
I am gratified in being able to state,, that the
estimates of expenditure for the. navy in tfie en.ro*
tug year are less, by more than ojie million of dol
lars, than those of the present, excepting the ap
propriation wfaichuiiay become necessary for the !
constrncUon of a doek oa the coast of the Pacific,
propositions for which are now. being considered,
and on which a special report may be expected
early ro your present session,
i Thereisan.evideat jnstnessinthe suggestionof
the same report, that appropriations for the naval
service proper should be separated from those for
fixed and permanent objects, such as building
docks and navy yards, and *the fixtures attached;
and from the..extraordmary objects under the care
of the Dep&rtement which,however important, are
not essentially baval.
A revisibn.of the code for the government of the
nkvy seems to require the immediate consideration
of . Congress. Its- system of crimes and punish
ments had undergone no change for half & cen
tury, until the last session,, though.its defects have
beem often and ably pointed out, and the abolition
of a particular species of corporal punishment,
which- then took place, without providing any sub
stitute, has lefT'the service in a state of defective*
ness, which.calls for prompt correction. I there
fore recommend that the whole subject be revised
without delay, and such a system established for
the enforcement of discipline, as shall be at once J
1 humane and effectual.
The accompanying report of the Postmaster
General, presents a satisfactory view of the ope
rations and condition of that Department.
At the close of the last fiscal year, the length
of the inland mail routes in the United States
(not embracing the service in Oregon and Califor
nia)-was one hundred and seventy eight thousand
six hundred and seveniy-two miles; the annual
transportation, thereon forty-six million five hun
dred and forty-one thousand four hundred and
twenty-three miles; and the annual cost of such
transportation two millions seven hundred and
twenty-four thousand four hundred and twenty
six dollars. -
The increasee of the annual transportation over
that of the preceding, year, waa three millions
mnehunared. and ninety-seven thousand three
hundred ahd fifty-four miles, and the increase in
cost was three hundred and forty-two thousand
four.hundred and forty dollars.
The number of post offices in the United States,
on-the first day of July last, was eighteen thou
sand four hundred and seventeen—being an in
crease of sixteen hundred and seventy durina the
preceding year.. . , °
The'gross revenues of the Department for the
fiscal year ending June 30th, 1850, amounted to
five millions five hundred and fifty- two thousand
nine hundred and seventy-one dollars and forty
eight cents, including the anhua! appropriation of
two hundred thousand dollar s for the franked
matter of the departments, andexcluding the for
eign postagfis collected for and payable to the
British Government. '
.The expenditures for the same period were five
millions two hundred and twelve thousand nine
hundred and fifty-three dollars and forty-three
cents —leaving a balance of revenue over expendi
tures of'three hundred and forty thousand and
eighteen dollars and five cental
J am happy to find that the fiscal condition of
the Department is such as to justify the
ter General in recommending the reduction of our
inland letter postage to three cents the single let
ter when prepaid, and five cents when not pre
paid. He also recommends that the prepaid rate
shall be reduced to two cents whenever the reve
nues of the Department, after the reduction, shall
exceed its expenditures by more than five per
cent, for two consecutive years; thatthe postage
upon California and other letters sent by our
ocean steamers shall be much reduced ; and that
the rates of postage on newspapers, pamphlets,
periodicals, and other printed matter shall be
modified, and some reduction thereon made.
t cannot be doubted that the proposed reduc
tions will, for the present, diminish the revenues
of the Department. It is believed' that the defici
ency, after the surplus already accumulated shall
be exhausted, may be almost wholly met, either
by abolishing the existing privileges of sending
ITee matter througe the mails, or by paying out
of the Treasury to the Post Office Department a
sum equivalent to the postage of which it is de-
such privileges. The last is supposed
to be tne preferable mode, and will, if not entire
ly, so nearly supply that deficiency as to make
any further appropriation that may be found
necessary so inconsiderable as to form no obstacle
to the proposed-reductions.
I entertain no doubt of the authority of
Congress to make appropriations for leading ob
jects in that class of public works comprising
what are usually called works of internal im
provement. This authority I suppose to be de
rived chiefly from the power of regalating com
merce with foreign nations, and among the
Slates, and the power of laying and collecting
imposts. Where, commerce is to be carried on,
and imposts collected, there must be ports and
harbors, as well as wharves and custom houses.
If ships, laden with valuable cargoes, approach
the shore, or sail along the coast, light houses
are necessary at suitable points for the protec
tion of life and property. Other facilities and
securities for commerce and' navigation are
hardly less important;' and those clauses of the
Constitution, therefore, to which I have refer
red, have received from the origin of the Gov
vemment a liberal and beneficial construction.
Not only have light-houses, buoys, and beacons
been established, and floating lights maintain
ed, but harbors been cleared and improved,.
piers constructed, and even breakwaters for
the safety of shipping, and sea walls to pro
tect harbors from being filled up, and render
ed useless, by the action of the ocean, have
been erected .at very great expense. And
this construction of the Constitution ap*
pears the more reasonable from the considera
tion, that if these works, of such evident impor
tance and utility, are not accomplished by Con
gress, they cannot be accomplished at all. By
the adoption of the Constitution the severa
States voluntarily parted with the power of col
lecting duties of impost in. their own ports; and
it is not to bo expected that they should raise
money by fnternal taxation direct or indirect for
the benefit of that the revenues de
rived from which do not, either in whole or in
part, go into their own treasuries. Nor dol
perceive any difference between the power of
Congress to make appropriations for objects of
this kind on the ocean and the power to make
appropriations for similar objects on lakes and
rivers, wherever, they are large chough to'
bear on their waters an extensive traffic.—r
The' magnificent Mississippi and Its tributa
ries, and the vast lakes of the north and
the northwest, appear to me to fall within
the exercise of the power, a» justly and as
clearly as the Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.
It is & mistake to regard expenditures judi
ciously made for these objects ns expenditures
for local purposes. The position, or site of the
Work, is necessarily local; bntits utility is gen
eral. A ship canal around the falls of St. Mary
of less than- a mile in lengthj though Jooal in
its.construction, would yet : be national, in its
purpose and benefits, as it would remove the
only'obstruction to a'havig&tion of more than a
thousand miles, affecting several as well
as ; our commercial-relation's with Canada. So,
too, the Breakwater at themouth oft the Dela-
ware is erected, not forithel exclusive benefit of
the States bordering on the-b&y and river of that
namq, bflt for ; tbat“of the whole coastwise nav-
igation of the United States, and, to a consider
able extent also, of foreign commerce. ”If a
ship be lost on the bar at the < entrance of a
southern port for want of sufficient depth, of
watery it is very l likely to be a htwthein itiipj
.and.if a steamboat^be.aunkiaany.partQfthe.
Mississippi, on-account.of its channel not having
been cleared, of may
be. a, boat belonging, to either of ■; eight or ten
States. 1 may addi as somewhat* remarkable,
•that among all the thirty-nne States, there is
none that is not, to a greater or less extent,
bounded oh 'the ocean, or the Gulf of Mexico,
of brie of the- great lakes, or sota* navigable
fulfiling pnr constitutional dnties,fellow-;
citizens, on thw carrying’into ef
feet all other p6wers cofl Ferred by the Cdnstitn*
tion, we should consider ourselves** deliberat-,
ing and acting-for-one-and-the same country,
andiboah constantly, in, mind, that ©a*, regard
and our.duty aye due, not to a particular part
ohly,‘hut to.the whola. *
•aasafesjsgjgjta*^ 9 ;
.^trs.'SKiSSTSSsI
unfortunate creditors
?; the Government havethereby bqen.uaavpida!
bly rtnned. Congress hasM much bnamosa oT e
public character, that it w'iinii&Bible' ir ifibulS:
.fflve; much, attention tomereprivate claims','and
tbetr is now so great that many
claimants inust aespaic of ever being able toob
tains heanng: It may well be doubted whether
Congrpis, from the nature "of its qrgaaixakiCu
properlycolistituted to decide uporsucb casi aTt'ia
impossible that each member should examine the
merits of every claim upon which he ia compelled
to t ote ; and it ta Preposterous'tq ash a judge to
decide a case which" he. las never heard, SuOh‘
decisions may, and frequently must, do injustice
either to the claimant or to .the Government,and
di^, r^nr.°v,r e i ter remo i ) y ihrthiagrowingeviV
tnan the establishment of some tribunal toidiu-'
cate upon snch claims. I beg
h* c, ?* Uy r ,0 * ec °mmend that provision
be made by law for the appointment of a com-
Oiafli" 10 .private claiina'againat thTu.
onmf V j Bnd ° B “ P®** hearing must" in all'
contested cases be very unsatisfactory, I alsdrl "
of > eolirttor, whUso
’ l hali ho!« represent the Government be-'
nl„'i IC r CO i n ! nlsalol '’ and Protect it against all:
{.*!' 5 8 aI - fraudulent or imjnat claims, which may .
be rr?L9 se v9-9 d their adjudicaiioa. •
- T“tB District, which has neither voice nor vote
in your deliberations, looks to you' for protection
vnnhu’ all its wants to your' fa
lnl ii der l a,lon ’ Wl,ha full confidence that
f et the , m n°r, only with justico, but
wtth liberality It should be borne in mind that
h laid out by, Washington, and conse
ermedby his name, is. located the Capi.ol of our
nation, the emblem of our Union and the symbol
of our greatness. Here also aro situated all the
public buildings necessary for the use ot the Gov-
? n ?u B 1 lh ? se ? r f e «mpt from taxation,
it should be the pride of Americans to renderthis
place attractive to the people of the whole Re
public, and convenient and eafe for the transae
turn ql public business and the preservationof
rherpf/J’il''' n reCord , s ; e Government should,
be r r i a l! j eral proportion of the burd
ens of all useful and necessary improvements.—
39 not r lng could contribute more to the
healih, comfort, and safety of the city, and the
security of the public buildings and records, than
! an abundant supply of pore water, I respectfully
recommend that you make such provisions fdr ob
taining the same as in your wisdom you mav
deem proper ♦ •
The act passed at your last session, making cer
tain propositions to Texas for settling the disputed
boundary between the State and the TerritOTy of
new Mexico, was, immediately on its passage,
transmitted by express to the Governor of Texas,
to be laid by him before the General Assembly
or its aCTeement thereto. Its receipt was duly' l
acknowledged, but no official information has yet
been received of the action of the General As
thereon; it may; however, be very soon
° s ’ bylbe t f rms of lhe propositions sub
mnted, they were to have been acted upon, on or
before the first day of the present month.
it was hardly to have been expected that the
fvftWhl n ? easur ®? passed at your last session,
Ik* k if j lew paling the sectional differences
which had sprung from the slavery and territorial
questions, should at once have realized their bene
ficent purpose. All mutual concession in the na
ture oi a compromise must necessarily be unwel
come to men of extreme opinions. And though
without such concessions our Constitution could
not have been formed; and cannot be permanently
sustained, yet we have seen them made the'aub-
J d CI 4 °f t ? lUe r' controversy in both sections of the
i? re^ uired many months of discus
sion and deliberation to secure the concurrence of
a majority of Congress in their favor.! It would
be strange rf they had been received W(ith imme
diate approbation by people and States prejudiced
nd heated by the exciting controversies of their
representatives. I believe those measures to have
been required by the circumstances and condition
of the country. I believe that they were neces
sary to allay asperities and animosities 'that were
rapidly alienating one section of the country from -
and u deat . r °ymg those fraternal, sentiments
linn t 5 lhe stron § est stipports of the|Constitu
ntinA 1a y f we u re ad °P ted in the spirit <k concili- '
auon, and for the purpose of I be
ivmnoVk? a ma j°- rit y of our fellow-citizens
sympathize in that spirit, and that purpose, and in
the mam approve, and are prepared,iri all respects,
I? su f min P eBe enactments I cannot doubt that
ki me i lCan j pno P^ e * hound, togetherlby kind
red blood and common traditions, still .cherish -
«J?!? moU i. nt reg,ird for thc Union of thei fathers;
tbey read y to rebuke any attempt to
SrOTi t ?' 1 K tog ? ty,to d * stuf h the compromises on
which it is based, or to resist the laws wHich' hav e
been enacted :under its authority. 1
r^rH B H r . leßtifmea,nreBlo which. l have alluded are -
If£fl dd _: b / R l6 “ a settlement. in principle and sqt£
s»,hk e . a ai ?ai settlement, of the iangeroas apd exciting
'Hr hJ .ch:l b sy Moit t bf tbe*fsabj£t£ ’
indeed, are beyond yotir reach, as the legislate** whicli'
dißposed ofthem was, in its character,
bl ?‘ i tmay b . e Presumed from the oppoeUibh . which \
the> all encountered that none of those measures was' '
free from imperfections, but in their mutual drtHjndteiice
and connexion they formed a system of eumpnjmise, the -
most conciliatory _and best tor the entire coantn, Ibgt
opinions obtamod frora C ®nflictmg sectional Swreitstiid •
Kor this reason I recommend yooradhereoce b the ad-- >
justment established by thbse. measures, until time -and
experience snail demonstratethe necessity of farther
illation to guard against evasion dr abose.- x l ■ '
, P we have been rescued]from the
wi de-imd boundlessagitation that' surrounded us, and
have,a firm, distinct, and legal ground to reit upoir/ And
the occasion,l, trust, will jastify me in exhWtingmv - '
countrymen to rally upon and malutain that Wound a.
nntitk ,°nly imeans, of restbring peace aUd
“4 maintaining, inyio]ate|thbinteg-: }
And.now, fellow-citizens, I cannot bring tbii. commn- °
nication to a close without invoking you to join mein
humblp and devout thanks to the Great Ru'er of nations, '
for the multiplied blessings which e has graciously be
stowed upon os. i His hrnid; so often visible idoor ares'.'
ervatton. has stayed the pestilence, saved'us frmn. foreiin :
wars and domestic, disturbances,-and Kaitereff'plant?
throughout the land. ■ - 1--
Our J liberties, religious and- civil; hflwe beea
maintained^-the fountainsof ham all
beep Kept ppen, and means of happioegg widely
spread .and generally enjoyed, greater Sian.have
lallen to the lot of anv other.nauon. Arid, while
deeply penetrated with grttitude for thß'tiast, !et
ue hope that his all-wise Providence wifi so guide
oia counsels,: as that they ehallTesu tin Sivinirsat.
lefactionto our constituents, securing thn; peace .of
the country, and -adding new strength to the united
Government under which we live; T
w FILLMORE.
WxsHiNo-rdK,Dec., 2, 1850: ‘t
COXESTOCJASTWESTOKE
• mmMHriwfc'
EA&T KING STREET, LANCASTER.
I DESIRE to call the attention of the public to
my ertenatve stock of BT6VESi; .oiled to'the
wants of the people oP this county. Saving ibade
valuable additions to my former large itoskjlam
now prepared to offer a great variety of *he
best patterns and styles, in the market, at theiowest
pnees. Give me an early caJJ.
JO“All Castings made. oithebest Iron in the
country, and warrahted'fdr bde.yearw
! OLD METAL TAKEN INEXCI&NdE"
My etyck ednslstsin part the'following
New Iroprored'ftirior Cooking Stoves *
Now Airtight for bun»ng ’Cda& ‘“ ' * '■
Celebrated; Victory, Complete Cook '
Hathaway’s Cook, Ten Plate'do * -
Buck’s, dp Benedict’s Coal Burner,
. <« R4diatoisi ,
s®*f Stoves of various, other patterns, together
«Tnvr# 8n & ral ?" ort ? e , nt of Nine-plate WOOD
ITfr?' “le, wholesale and retail, at the
Stove of ; C. KIEFFER',
East King ttreetj liancister. *
'
Timothy; Seed.
200 fr, 8 .f I -,K KTM^' nM V 01 ' UY S EED» «I«r
I •?' F ‘?. U “ r "***■>- Jfwt receifei and for
•ale at the cheap hardware Store of :; -■'
HEDBEff Bi ROHRER,
EautKjng.street.
aug3Q-t£3OJ
_ Economr ln Waihlng. -
XETEBB’S M&mmG rendiw
VL JW» M either WMUiig Board
Ci.Vw &*'?" “ the foi"laui«i*fcr >
Clty.tad- CoDPty. >. >■■ - * •.ffifiy '■•
fMcWS aWSi iS’HS’tti •“ JUmon^
14 *«“?*.» 4Wf I«pU
NO. 46.