THE - PEOPLE'S JOURNAL. J 31 ANN, A. AVERY; Editors COUDERSPORT, PA.: THURSDAY MORNING, AUG. 2, 1855 On the outside of this number an amioyingerror occurred in making up thy forms. The short story, CUM mencing on first page, headed " Willie Gray,." is divided, and. part of it will be found on the fourth page, second column, tiear the middle, commencing he asked," &c. Lir Dun't furget the election of Academy Trustees on Friday next. rirGuvernor Reeder is removed ! So, the slave drivers crack their whips, and the Administration obeys as pli- autly as any serf. rirJohn Mann will deliver an ad dress before the members of Eulalia Division S. of T., on Saturday eveuiug next. It i 3 hoped there will be a full attendance. arAll the liberal papers in West ern Pennsylvania, are heartily in favor of holding a Republican State Con vention at Pittsburg on the 29th of this month. Will the Erie Gazette say what it thinks of this movement ? E' We ale much gratified with the prospect of coal lands in M'iean county. A large number of moneyed men from New York, Buffalo, and other places, are examining these coal fielde with a view of buying. 11l fact heavy purchases have already been made, and our townsmen, Hon.. S. Ross and - John M. Hamilton,<have a li s beral, offer for their coal lands on the Port- age rirThe Public - Works of this State must be in poor demand. They have twice been offered for sale, the last time on Tuesday, the 2•lth of July, at the Exchange in Philadelphia. Surne three hundred persons congregated to witness the sale. Mr. Myers, the auctioneer stated the terms of sale, and that nu bids would be taken less than sewn and a half millions. No bidii were made, and the sale was ad journed size die. lame Quarterly meeting of the Stockholders- of the Coudersport Li brary Association, will be held, at the house, of the Librarian, on Saturday aftern6on next, at two o'clock. 'We' Lope to see a' full attendance, as it is expected. the meeting will . be an in teresting one. Let all friends of edu cation and a pure literature, attend. Those who are not members can easily become so, so there is no excuse fur staying away Ear The. oldest inhabitant never knew so much rain fall in fourteen days, as; has come down since Thurs day, the l,'Jth of July. On Sunday evening last, we had a thunder storm of terrific wildness, with a flood. of rain, and. wind that sent it through the houses, leaving. no Cr..; spot. The gar dens in Coudersport on Monday mor ning presented a sorry spectacle. Every thing lay flat on the ground. We trust the storm was more severe than i,n other parts of the county--; Otherwise serious damage was done to the, crops. 'Our village has been favored, with the presence of a largo number of Philadelphians during the past ten days. Last Iveek we noticed the visit of. Dr. Keating. Saturday's stage brought Win. Hamilten, Actuary of . the Franklin Institute, Gco. Steward non and family, and Mr. Anson Jewel. There were two. others here before, ind we hope the stage on Saturday will bring still more. We like to see . intelligent strangers from any section of country, but must be pardoned for feeling . a little partiality for Philadel phians, rirThare is another communication from t' P." concerning a union of the schools in this village. We ask the Itt.tention of all our citizens to this article. We are sorry to see so many alinCilitie B in the way of this improve ment ; but we have' faith to believe they can all be overcome by the ener gy and enterprise of our . citizens. 9tlr friend P, has put the salary of the Principal too low, we think ; but let us give the matter a thorough discus '6ion,and we shall'get- at the facts soon. 'The letter Of the Deputy Superintend put ratans other obstacles ; but still we • WWI model rehool," and we shall It If ws, our (bit y. TEE nmucar PARTY Every intelligent perstin is aware that the repeal of the Missouri Com promise so shocked and outraged the moral sentiments of all honest men, that all other questions of a_ public character gave way to this. Opposi tion to this repeal carried: every free - Stec at the elections which followed the consummation of this scheme. Old issues were forgotten, old parties were abandoned. The people united fur freedom without regard to former political prejudices. This revolution has called into existence another party. Pro-slavery leaders. fight against it ; pro-slavery papers call its iTiernbers a " motley crew of agitators," " turn coats," "renegades," "fanhtics," "trait ors," "political imposters," agitating hypocrites," " political gamblers," "braggadocio upstarts," and various other like elegant and refined terms, which no one not reared under the influence of the graces, accomplish ments, Christian candor, scholarly acquirements, gentlemanly• deport- merit, elevated character, disinterested patriotism, and platonic "virtue «'hich are only to be found on a slave planta tion, could ever hope to uae with a proper flow of, suitable adjectives. But as yet this style of logic has'never yet convinced a sensible man that the rule of Slavery was either right or tolerable. The people see that Slavery is bringing the nation to ruin—that it is degrading • and defiling every matt who bows to its influence—they see that it controlS the National Adininis tration.—that it overrides all law and decency in Kansas, and that it is. quite time to put a stop to . these disgraceful putrages.;_ and they are about to do it. Hence the organization of the Repub lican party, with principles so self-evi dently true that all classes flock to its banner. We have frequently published the objects and plans of the Republican party, but •as every day is securing new frierfds to the movement, we publish at this time the following ex tract from the National Era, which wo believe is a faithful and exact statement of the principles of the new pgity of Freedom. As these measures are just and wise, and pre cisely what the country needs, the men who oppose them are obliged. to do it exclusively with epithets. Not one argument does an old hunker ever use in opposition to the party of Freedom; but in the use of such epithets as we have quoted above, they never tire. Can men of sense be retained in the party that is sustaining the Missouri slaveholders in subjugating Kansas, by such silly twaddle ? But hero is the Era's statement of the objects of the new party : Its leading and distinguishing principle may be briefly stated to be this That Slavery is a great moral and political evil, based on prin ciples utterly- repugnant to the Declaration of ludependmice and the general spirit of the .Constitution ; that the Constitution tolerated its existence in the States, from a political necessity, but gave it no word of approba tion; that it is merely a local State iristitti tiondepends upon the local law for support, and where that is withdrawn, it falls to the ground as a nullity. Hence, it - cannot exist in the Territories or in the District of Colum bia; that Slavery being against natural right, all .clauses of the Constitution which are supposed or claimed to be favorable to it must be construed strictly ; that the clause relative to fugitives from labor, if it refer at all to slaves, institutes a compact between the States, bin confers no power on Congress to legislate:in the matter. Or it may be the opinion of others who have joined the Re publican ranks, that Congress possesses a constructive power of legislation relative to fugitives from labor, which must be cautiously exercised, with a sacred reference to those individual guaranties of personal rights which secure "to every person the writ of habeas corpus and trial by jury. THE PARTY claims no right to touch the institution of Slavery in the States. It is eminently the State Rights party. Every leading man in the ranks is fully com mitted to this platform. Mr. Chase, Mr. Sunnier, ;%Ir. Giddings, Mr. Hale, General Wilson, have a thousand times expressed these views; and the distinguished Senator from New York, whom we now feel author. ized to claim as of the same party, has been equally explicit in placing himself on the State Rights ground. The etfort to ignore the existence of this great party, or to misrepresent its principleS, by confounding them with those of Mr. Gar- rison on the one hand, or of Mr. Gerrit Smith on the other, will be short-lived. It will make itself felt. We wash the South to understand the position of this party. We regret to see false or exaggerated • notions prevail, which are well calculated to excite and irritate the public mind. It is better that the people of the South should know the simple truth. The people of the North pro pose to take from them no constitutional right—to interfere in none of their domestic institutions; but they mean to . divorce the Federal Government from Slavery, and to make it what the Constitution declares its objectio be, the conservator of Justice and Liberty. r2P "Mau is a sociable creature, and a lover of glory; whence it is, that when several pesons are united in the same society, they are studious to lesion the reputation of others, in order to raise their oWn." TEE LAW OP SLAVERY We gave list week an account of the liberation, in Philadelphia, of three persons claimed as slaves by one John H. AVleeler, who is an accredited minister to the goi•ernment of Nicar augua. He Was on his way with his three servants, to embark - at New York by passing through Pennsylvania to that city. While on board the steam- boat at Philadelphia. while lying_ at the wharf, Passmore Williamson, and. some colored. persons, partly by force and partly by persuasion, got the slaves on shore, and had them taken beyond their master's reach Now, it has been settled by various. decisions, as well in the slave States as in the free, that slavery is a local institution, and cannot be extended beyond the jurisdiction of the munici pal power which established it.. And hence, when a master Lripgshis . slaves into a State wbich does not recognize slavery, that moment they are free. KnOwing this Passmoro Williamson told the persons whom Wheeler claim ed, or claims, that they were free; and they. went in pursuit: of their own hap pinass. Whereupon Judge Kano is sued a writ of habeas corpus, directing Passmoro Williamson to produce these liberated persons .in Court; Mr. W. returned for answer that the persons named were not under his control, which return Judge Kane decides is a contempt of cow t, and Williamson is now in prison We shall make no comments on this monstrous stretch of power at presents • but give, i nstead, the comments of the N. Y. Ere. Post, to which we ask the candid attention of the people. The. Post says: We are brought, then, to thin conclusion,. that according to.the new chictrine, the States have no power to abolish slavery. A law against slavery, so far as it is meant to operate on n title to slaves acquired in a slave State, is unconstitutional. The master cannot, we are told by Judge Kane, be thus divested of his property ; the courts of the federal gov ernment will set its provisions aside. -In other branches of legislation the State Legislatures may be sovereign; in that of slavery they are limited, and must defer to the law of the slave States. Wherever the slaveholder goes, he carries with him the law of North Carolina or Virginia, and if the State Legislatures and the State courts do not respect it. they will be compelled to respect it by the_ courts of the United States. If the master who brings his slaves into a free State, does not lose his right of property, it is clear that he may transfer it for a cousid eration to another—for the right of sale is in cidetit to the -right of property. We shall soon have under this new interpretation of the law, a slave market and slave pens in Philadelphia, under thP grave eyes of the Quakers themselves. Slaves from Virginia will be sold in Arch street for the Texas mar ket, to be taken by water to Galveston or New Orleans. The slave-trader from Norfolk will meet the slave-driver from Missouri at some convenient point in Indiana or Illinois —for the man whose right of property is ac quired in Virginia, cannot be divested of it because he finds it convenient to pass through a free State—and thus the slave trade will flourish, and gangs of slaves be collected in a free State, to be driven to the West—per- Imps to- Kansas—in defiance of the local laws. Judge Kane is faithfully doing his part-in the great work of nationalizing slavery. It is henceforth to he a federal institution—not a creature of the States, but of the general gov ernmetit. The day of strict construction and State rights is gone by. We are .to have a large and free construction of the constitution, which shall extend all over the Union the rights of the Southern slave owner—his right to possess, to buy, to sell, to punish with the lash, to handcuff and adorn with iron collars men and women, his fellow-creatures. The free States will have only to look quietly on, while these things are done on their own soil, without the power to interfere. The doctrine ' is so nakedly stated by Judge Kane that we can fully understand it. There is a plan to force slavery upon the free States as well as upon the Territories, and we must meet and repel it at once. VISIT YOUR SCHOOLS You couldn't do a better thing. Your boy has the idea that you care scarcely. more than a fig's value about his progress there—your girl thinks that you are too busy about more important matters to worry about her recite- - lions. Grammar is dry as dust to her, Geog raphy. is tedious, Arithmetic is a bore, Read ing is , horrid, Writing is her special abomina tion. If she speaks of either at the table, she is hushed up. You talk of stocks. and the Senatorship—of the war and free trade. The young ones learn to think their studies very small matters in comparison with yours. But visit their school to-day. Hear a les son or two recited. Learn from their teach er what their standing what they oftenest fail, in what they excel. See who sits next them in* the schoolroom, See how they compare in personal appearance—whether they look happy and at home. If acquainted , with their school habits you cannot but be interested in them, and then you cannot pox sibly avoid talking of-,them. Making their matter's subjects of home conversation will . certainly stimulate them to better efforts— make better scholars of them. By all means then visit your schools. Go alone if no one will go with you. You will always be wel comed by the teacher, unless he is a fit one to be turnecl . off.—Pittsburg Visiter. Those are our sentiments, as .we have often expressed them in public and private: We are glad to repeat them in the more emphatic language of another, and we shall be still more pleased to make the language still more emphatic. We _say •visit your schools, for without that they will not prosper to you." 10"" The necessities of mankind require various employments ; and whoever excels in his province is wor thy of praise," . COMPLIITENT AILY—"OVER THE LEFT." Ii - Makes us feel -considerably elevated when we read the flattering notices about the Balarice, but when they come to us "did up" in such a manner as that in the Peoples Jour nal, of Coudersport, we dont feel much higher than before. If the editor of said paper should think proper to give another sheet that might happen to be Started Im this county, a notice, we would recommend the following form: • - We have received the first number of the —, but we do not think he has quite wool enough in his inkstand to snit our ideas,' and if the people of Tioga had but one throat and we had hold of it, we would choke 'em into a year's subscription for the Excruciator, because we think the editor will chop any one into mince meat who isn't right ou the "goose question." . However, the pre sents a neat typographical appearance and its articles are will" arranged. Success,—Bal ance. It is simply because we do not. follow "form" in writing upon any subject, but speak our own sentiments in our Qwn way, that the Journal's notice -of the Balance was a compli ment over the left. We stated a fact. There was no need of starting another Temperance - paper in Tioga county, but having been started, we hope it will do some good—albeit present indications are not very favorable: The third number of a paper LS . rather early to assume the airs of a veteran in service. 01Ili VILLAGE SCHOOL. The following letter from the Depu ty Superintendent of Common Schools, is published for the information of the friends of education in this village. Having doubts of the power of the Board of School Directors to form a union with the Academy, we wrote to Mr. Hickok on the subject, who promptly answered as folloWs : DEPARTMENT OF COMMON SCHOOLS, HARRISBERG, Jully 13, 1855. PEAR Sin: If the Academy mentioned' in your letter of the 9th inst., will place itself under the exclusive jurisdiction and control of the Board of Directors, the arrangement you propose can be entered into, but not otherwise under the existing School laws.., The Common School system of the State, as at present organized, while it seeks no inter ference with other educational agencies, owes its first and highest allegiance to itself; and the duty of elevating it, within itself to the highest standard of excellence and effi ciency; as rapidly as circumstances will per mit, rests upon every officer connected with the system. If your . Common School "is not what it ought to be," may I inquire whether your .Board cannot manage materially to im prove its condition. Very respectfully; H. C. Hicxox, Dep. Supt. J. S. MANN, Prcet. Board of Directors. lar The Radical Abolitionist is the title of a new monthly paper with William Goodell for Editor, published at 48:13eekman-st.; New York; on the following terms per annum: Single copies Five copies to one person, Eight copies " " Fourteen copies " Thirty copies The. first number of the paper is mostly taken up with the proceedings of the Convention of "Radical Polit ical Abolitionists;" which assembled in Syracuse on the 26th, 27th and 28th of June last. The editor is a man of great ability, and although we think be would be more useful if not quite so radical, yet we honor the man who feaflessly speaks the truth as ho secs it, and therefore we hope the Radical Aboli tionist will be widely circulated, and handsomely sustained. Sr. Lows, July 27, 1855. We have received Kansas dates to the 26th inst. The committee appointed by the Leg islature to draw up a memorial praying Pres-. ident Pierbe to remove Gov. Reeder, reported yesterday. The memorial sets forth the com plaints against Reeder from the beginning of his administration, calls him a clog to the wheels of government, and asks for his speedy removal. _ A private letter to the New York Tribune has information of a step" on the part of Gov. Reeder, which, if true, will bring • matters to a focus. This letter says : The Legislature of Kansas adjourned an the 6th, to meet at Shawnee Mission on the 16th. When their • committee waited on Gov. Reeder to inform him of their determi nation to go, he informed them in very dis tinct terms that he would not recognize any further action of theirs, but would consider them dissolved by that act. A few of the members, more intelligent than the rest, began, before they left here, to appreciate their position. . The first - Legislature of Kan sas is undoubtedly dissolved, and no longer competent to do business. NEED Cuurivxrtoir.—rln Potter. and Tioga counties, Pa., are.larFe bodies of very strong land yet in the primal wilderness, ,which would amply repay cultivation. Price of land, three, to five dollars per' acre; no doc tors; no bar-rooms'; soil fertile. Certainly, great inducements to the energetic emigrant. —Pottsville Jorinal. True enough. There is _as good land do be had in this county for three dollars per acre, as a man need wish, and no -country in the world v offers more induaements to the man of small means, but large resolution. Cr A fiendish outrage was lately perpetrated in Binghamton, N. Y. The Standard of that place says: . The beautiful and valuable maple trees in theyards and in front of the private residences of Messrs. H. E. Pratt, D. L. Brainard, C: M. Scott, -arid Avitus Olds were girdled find probably ruined. The treei belonging to Mr. Pratt were set out eighteen years ago, and Mr. .Drainard's about the same time. Those at Mr. Scott's were ten, years old. Mr. Olds' were nine in number andi about the same age of Mr. Scott's. In addition to this, the fronts of their houses, fences,&c., to gether with the stores of Messrs . and Scott were disfigured by being besmeared with a substance resembling tar, or .boat pitch, and black dye. • There can be no doubt as to the worse than criminal malice which prompted the infamous perpetrators of this outrage. The persons whose property has been thus sacri heed, are prominent and uncompromising friends of Temperance and the Maine Law, and are active members of the Carson League. It is this fact, and this alone, which makes them a mark for the envenomed shafts of the devotees of rum. Thus has it ever been. The Rum Traffic has been a scourge and a curse throughout the world. Every species of 'tiffany and crime of which the heart can. conceive, follows in its wake. Judged by its fruit it is . evil, with no countervailing good. It debauches and depraves humanity. It pro -motes crime, and fills our poor-houses, hospi tals and penitentiaries. It burdens the people with taxation, and as the present outrage tes tifies, exposes their property to destruction and their persons to lawless violence. igr We fear the late heavy and Continued rains have done serious damage to the wheat crop. The 2ri bunc of July 28th says: The continued warm weather and frequent showers are doing more damage than was at first anticipa:ed to the grain. From many-, places in the interior of the State we hear that wheat is groWing as it stands in the field,' while that which has been cut and laying in the swath is still worse shocks and in many in stances the outside of shocks and stacks are green as a fresh meadow. The Rochester papers in particular speak of this state of things, and several private letters and inter views with persons front various places at the interior speak very despondingly of the pros pect; One gentleman told us that be had seen hundreds of acres of grass in the swath which had turned black. and the new grass was.growing up through the hay. HANGING WOliEN.—The Now York Cou rier condemns the desire to save Mrs. Robin son, the murderess, from the gallows, because she is a "lady." For the same reason, it is argued, should we spare a tigress. "Imag ine," says the wrier, "a tigress fangs yet stained -with blood of her victims, finally brought to bay and about to fall before the eager rifles of her pursuers, when some friend of felinity rushed forward—" Gentlemen, stop, for heaven's sake! How can you! Con sider the gender of this beautiful creature! It is feminine!" Right! When woman is refineB, delicate, sensitive, virtuous, and ami able, let her be treated with the respect, deference, admiration, and protection due to those qualities, but let us remember that womanhood without thein is : no more worthy thin manhood without them. Deference paid to sex may certainly . be as appropriately applied to other animals, as to the. human species. If• woman in past times has been so gen erally self-sacrificing, generous and devoted, upright, gentle and high souled, as to command respect and "reverence, let us never forget that she must retain these qualities, if she would retain the position these alone give her. Let no claim to good treat ment be preferred for her, tha:t can be preferred by a tiger as well. G. $0,50 2,00 3,00 5,00 10,00 EDITOIIS OF THE JOURNAT. :-I have ex amined with much interest your emirnate of the amount of tai necessary to support a Union School in this village, which is as Part pap of Principal of Academy, $9.00 First Assistant Teacher ($3O per tno,) Second 12 " 144 This amount would go a good way toward accomplishing the desired result, but there is a difficulty : The present tax of 10 mills yields $300; to raise - $700, would require a tax of 18 mills !Asides the State appropria tiOn; but 13 mills is all the law allows. -This would give us $465, which, with the State appropriation of $32, makes just ssoo—the largest amount available by law, with the present number of taxables. It would be impracticable to pay any por tion of this to the Principal of the Academy, and yet employ two good teachers besides. In fact, $3OO would not pay for the services of two such Assistant Teachers as we need, if we employ them by the year. $3O per month for a good male teacher, would leave him less than $2O per month after paying his board; and $l2 per month for a female teacher, would leave her not more th-n a dollar a week for wages. Let ns make an other calculation : Male Teacher, $24 per mo.. 8 months, $192 His board, $-2.50 per week, 87 Female Teacher, $3:00 per week, 8 mos., 105 Her board, S2.OU 44 " 70 Contingencies, 46 This would give us eight months' fait schooling for all our children, in the ordinary branches. But the difficulty is, that it would take away most of the pupils and curt from the Academy. This brings them ut.i the root of the matter. Our town and county dp not furnish pupils enough at present for our Academy proper, and although we _rend our children there, yet it is to receive instruction that Might for the most part be just as well imparted in a good common school. The consequence- is, that, the district school is mutilated,ihorn of its interest and most of its larger pupils, smaller and poorer children OUR SCHOOLS CO hrive poorer advantages than they - ought; %4 4 the larger ones such as they need only it the expense of both tax and tuition. Shall we. then suffer the Academy to go down, or turxP(nto a common-reboot? To this it may be replied, that an sniconinteraly good common-school;ope n to all our children, and offering superior advantages ofinstruction, would be better than our present division of schools. To support a free school, however, of this high order, by tax, is at present out of the question. It may be requisite, therefore, to preserve the Academical feature of4tte school ; that is, receive pay for tuition in the higher brandies. But as not more than ten or twenty pupils out of the whole number in the village would require such tuition, the Principal of the Academy could as heretofore take part in the elementary instruction, and instead of tuition bills, receive a nipulated min from the di?trict funds. Enough would still be left to, employ anpther good teacher. Is it not profitable, however. to so far en large the scheme as to employ three teachers, and make it ernirelya - free school? Cianc; the revenue of the school be co:quite: l l4 increased by subscription 7 Cinnot the_en.. terprise tte made one that shall enlist the. support of the whole county, by opening the, school to advanced pupils from other dis tricts, the directors of those districts paying small pro rata for the cost of tuition 1 Could! we not more 'reasonably ask in that case, and • would not the county more readily consent, that the present appropriation of $3OO should be continued from the county treasury? I make the following estimate or.the eptirs o , revenue the School under this plan: District tax and State appropriation, sioo Private subscriptions in Coudersport, .400. Appropriation frotn.county treasury, 300 Pro rata for tuitiou front oases districts, NO $1404 The expenditure may be estimated. u Col - lows: Pt iucipal, $6OO Assistant, 450, Female Teacher, . . 250, Contingencies, 100 If free tuition would not secure this amount, let the teachers receive extra compensation for instructing in the ornamental branches; but let as many branches aspossible be taught free of any extra charge.. Not to speculate 'farther, however, I leers the matter with the Trustees and Directors,. hoping they may be able. to 4 ive us such a School as We need. I will only add. that such a School as I have in mind should, be a Model School, and a Teachers! Training SchoJl, for the good of the•whole county. Coudeisport, August 1, 18:55 MESSRS EDITORS : I noticed an ar ticle . in your paper not long since, suggesting the propriety of increasing the circulation of the Journal during the coming campaign. For one, I heartily approve the motion, and sin : cerely hope every true friend of free. dom and progress in the county, will exert, his influence in so doing. I do not know the number of copiea taken in our town, but think it is rather liberal. Still it might be increase - d, at least, in the north and west portions of the town, if wo were fairly dealt by in regard to a post office. There are now three post offices in this tow n one at Millport, one at Sharon Center,. and one on the Honcioye creek, called East Sharon—the twglatter being four;miles each from the point known a& the " Shingle House." - Then there is Ceres post office *four and a half miles distant in an opposite direction.— The. Shingle House, as most of your readers know, is a' central point, the most so of any place in the north-west part of the county ; and there . are now living within a circuit of two and a half miles iu each direction frobi it, sixty families embracing an aggregate of two hundred individuals, all of whom would be better accommodated by a post office at that point; than at any other. A large share of these families are now obliged to go five or six miles for* their mail matter, whereas, were there an office at the place before named, they would be within two miles of it. We have petitioned again and again for an office, (I think five or six times,) some of the petitions being signed by three,fourths of the voters in the town. and vet we are without an office This state of things is a -serious hin drance to au increase of tbe circuit tion of any paper coming through the mails"; and as a friend of the Joureat and a humble supporter of the princi ples it advocates, 1 offer the foregoing as au apology for apparent remissness in its favor. One word more. Should this meet the eye of any friend of the Adminis tration, I hope it will not be under stood as a Complaint—no, not at all. We have no tight to complain—nn right to expect anything from it, only, to use the language , of...another, that infamy will preserve it from oblivion. Yours as ever, K. $5OO Nothing but a good life can it men for a better one. • - For the Journal
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