RrOL• pEOPLE , S JOURNAL. rwstin , I,rtar TUURSDAT 'MORNING, BY /ADDISON AVERY. Terms—in Advance: 0 . ) copy per annum, $l.OO ism subscribers, 125 TER3IS OF ADVERTISING. Hus e, of 12 lines or less,l insertion, $0.50 t.i 3 insertions, 1.50 .• every subsequent insertion, .25 gale end figure work, per sq., 3 insertions, 3.00 c,ers ,„b;quent insertion, .50 iNlatou. one year, 25.00 I culain, six months, 15.00 o i tl i i trators' or Executors' Notices, 2.00 t•xend's Sales, per tract, 1.50 ?toff ssionalCards not exceeding eight lines ,istened for $5.00 per annum. letters on business, to secure at Intim should be addressed (post paid) to the l'uldh.her. eStlrct Vottrp. From the Saturday Evening Post MY IDEAL HOME. BY tiONTGAB.ftIER :11v home is made, 'N'eath the cc oodland shade, There silver streatna are singing, Anti the sweet woodbine And the myrtle vine To the lattice bower are clinging In a sylvan glen, From the " haunts of men,' Where Babel tongues annoy not, And th' unmusical throngs, With ambitious songs, This golden hour.' destroy not. Where the zephyrs that come, From the perfumed home, . Are ever sweetly singing, Aud the fragrant flowers, In their woodland bowers, In vernal -groups are springing. When cooling springs, 'Neath the trees' broad wings, to sparkling beauty are gushing, Aud the frolicsome rills, 'Side the forest-clad hills, To the wide, wide stream are rushing Where the honey bee With its minstrelsy Plucks sweets from the opening flower, And the birdling throngs, Wi:li heir sweetest songs, Make glad each passing hour. Where the marks of power, On the dewy flower And the gray o:d racks are imprinted, And the roses hue, And the violet's blue With the beauty of God are tinted. From the National Era BOW BOOKS ABE MADE. A Vint.to the Publishing Roue of D. Appleton 13111 • Dear reader, are you an author 7 Did you ever congratulate yourself that you had made a book 7 This I did, not long ago, when, in the midst of my gratulattons, I happened into tue establishment of D. Appleton &- Co., and looked around in amazement upon the three hundred people, as busy as bees in their several depart ments of printing, binding, pressing, aaa polishing what author's had pru- duced. I had, of course been aware that a . book must ,be printed and bound, and I knew it must take several peo ple to do-it; but 1 had never imagined the number of nice and skillful pro cesses to which it was subject, nor the time and labor required before it could be completed. It became my duty to wait a while in what seemed to me, at first glance, a lumber-room ; but on gazing around to see if I could not learn something, even in a lumber-room; I espied peep hug through these stacks of brown pa per, beautifully printed sheets, and upon observing closely, could read each one labelled according to its con tents. "Thirty Years in the United States Senate," upon bundles piled to the very roof. What a popular man Col. Benton must he, if the great demand has created this supply. " Leaves from a Family Journal." This I read long ago, and do not wonder that here are thousands of copies more, soon to go forth ; for it is a book which would bo read with certain interest, and scarcely less certain profit, by . all " heads of fatal hes," which is the more marvelous as its author is a Frenchman. " The Brief Remarks" must have a very ex tensive influence, if we may judge from the links here, ready to form the chain; and my curiosity increasing as it is gratified, 1 pick through the senseless coats of several gigantic heaps, and find Geographies, Histo ries, and Poems, in endless variety. In this same room I observe mon Weighing monstrous bags of trimmings. These are cut from the edges of books, and gathered up that nothing be lost. Soon they return, transformed into reams of " gilt " and "letter-press," to be again printed, and clipped, and bound. N , ow I am so much interested that beg to see the sequel of such an 'es abliniuent. It is well known, we presume, to all readers of books, that 'y no publishing house in the United States are books turned out, of such perfect finish, in all that concerns the binder's art, as by the Appletons. A 1... 0 Next to the Harpers, we believe it is also the largest establishment in our country, and is conducted by five brothers of whose enterprise the world does not need to be informed, but of whose origin and history I wish I knew more, that I might relate it for the benefit of youth. It may be interesting to young au thors, and especially to young author esses—if there ale any - among my readers, who are aspiring to the honor and good fortune of calling these gen tlemen "my publishers "—to know something of the ordeal to be passed through before this event can fairly take place. You have studied and thought long and patiently, and you have corrected your MSS. You have pondered ittill it seems that any stroke of your pen is a thread spun from• the finest net-work of your brain. You are sure it is a good book, and have little fear about its being appreciated by the world, but. you fear greatly whether it will be properly by those who are to decide whether it is .ever made public. It takes you days, and perhaps weeks, to summon sufficient courage to appear before the judges on whom it seems to you, all .the hopes of life depend. But it must be done ; and with the precious burden you finally cross the threshold, and in troduce yourself with the name of your embryo book trembling on your lips. To transact business has never been among the accomplishnients thought necessary for a woman, and it is with unspeakable fear and trembling that you enter into the details of a bar gain. Into whose hands you fall to be ad judged. you know not, but aftir the appointed _time, with sinking heart and faltering step, you call and learn your doom: If he who stands before you held in his hand the shears which snap the thread of life, it would not seem a more momentous occasion, and you would not watch his lips with in tenser agony. "Accepted," or " Re jected—"these are the words, and either will produce nearly the same instantaneous effect. But from the shock produced by the first you will soon recover ; and it is certain, not only to yourself but to all the world, that there is seine merit in your book if accepted here. Now a bargain seems of little consequence to you. It is not money, but a good reputation that you dwell upon with intense, de-. light., As yet, you have made the acquaint ance of but one of the firm ; but in your vanity and ignorance, you per haps imagine your fame, - has spread through the house, at least; so, the next time you call, you address your self to the first person you meet, and have the mortification of learning that you have not even been heard of; and now that your manuscript has gone to the pi inter, the member of the frater nity who accepted it, is as ignorant of ,its progress as if he had never seen it. You must be introduced to another, who directs concerning the - type and size, and everything connected with the execution ; and so thoroughly is everything done by a division of labor,. that you may get burned-out and re ! produced, and yet address yourself to a third or fourth partner in the estab lishment, and he will not know your face or name. But if you walk in the first morning after you aro ready for distribution,-not only every principal, but eve! y official will bestow upon you a look •of recognition you have passed through all the gradations, and are actually an _author. Hero you aro on the shelf, with as respectable an external as any of your cotempo raries. Now we will look into the bindery, and see how it is brought about. The type-setting is done in another place ; but iu this large, airy, pleasant room, into which we first walk, are ten presses which are tended by girls -who look as neat• as dairy maids, and as bonny. Here you see the pages which you traced by the slow process of penmanship, multiplied by the hun dred and thousand in an hour. From here they aro taken iu quires by the Sheet-man, who carries them aloft • to the Folders. Here, too, are girls, and with amazing dexterity, and by means of a paper-cutter, they give the large sheets a book form. They are paid .so many cents a hundred, and make good wages if constantly em ployed. But notwithstanding authors do so increase and multiply, there is sometimes a dearth of material for making books. When folded a Gath erer takes• them, and places together a sufficient number to make a perfect book. Round and round she goes, gathering leaves, some of which are roses, and some, we fear, are :night shade ! But those we look at do not belong to the latter class fof we read "Chemistry of Common Things," "The Heir of Redcliffe." • From the Gatherer they are taken DEVOTED TO THE. PRINCIPLES OF DEDIOCRACY,, ANH THE DISSEMINATION OF: MORALITY, LITERATURE, AND NEVI'S *COUDERSPORT, POTTER COUNTY, PA., AUGUST . 9, 1845. by the Press-man who ,reduces them to a compact state for the Colinter, who examines the " signs and won ders," for such they always seemed to moat the bottoms of the pages, to See that each is in its proper place. Now the Sewing Machine cuts the backs to. enable the Sewet more readi ly to pierce them with her needle. Practice makes perfect, sure enough ! How quickly the scattered leaves are fastened tightly, and the whole begins to look really like a book, though like the marble iu a rough-hewn 'state. Now the For Warder takes it to the Cutting Machine, which is_ the same old-fashioned one which was first in vented for this purpose, and is simply a knife,. regulated - by turning a crank with the hand.- But there are others iu operation, and . are useful because though they do not - perform the work any more nicely or quickly, they can endure longer, and the labor of feed ing them is very light. Thus are made the trimmings which we saw in the great bags below. But the back of the book must not be fiat; so there is a Rounder to' curve it; and the covers being made before the leaves are sewed and rounded, another rnact.ine is necessary to con form the width to the distance hetiyeen the boards. This has the unpoetical and inharmonious name of Backing Machine. Before we see the book covered, we must enter the room of the super intendent of all these different opera tions, and learn about the ornamenting processes, which require an artist's eye and skill, not only in him who directs, but in those who execute. Here are seen in their several stages of completion, those elegant embossed and leather mosaics, richly gilt-covered and • gilt-edged quartos and folios which adorn the center tables of the rich. When figures or letters are stamped with gold, the whole surface is covered with the precious . dust, by girls who are called Layers-on, and by whorri they are transferred to the Stamper who makes the desired impression by. means of powerful embossing presses, every figure ;and letter being first en graved uponlb: ass plate. If the leavei are to be gilt, it is the special office of an Edge-gilder ; if to be spotted, it is done by a Sprinkler ; and if to be marbled, by a Marbler. This last is a curious process, and one I had thought least about. A shallow zinc tray is filled with water, and around it'statid little pots of dry paint exhibiting all the colors of the rain bow. A brush is dipped into each, and the several colors sprinkled upon the surface of the water, varying the quantity of dark or light according to the shade of pattern desired. C It then assumes the appearance of Waves, by passing through it a coarse or fine toothed comb, adapting it to-the pur pose for which it is intended. The surface of the leaves or sheets to be marbled are covered with rice glue, and then drawn lightly over the sur face, and come up out of the water dry, and bright with many colors. In this department there is great room for the exercise of taste; and the va ried and beautiful patterns wo have for our fancy work, prove that men and women of taste are thus em ploYed. - TO finish the book, there are still a . Casemaker and Paster-down who pastes the leaves in the covers smooth and even ;• Finishers and assistants.:— who hiving all ended their labors, the whole becomes a book, and. is placed in a press to be rendered compact and tight. In all twenty-five different pro cesses are necessary after the manu script leaves the author's hands, be fore it becomes a volume fit to ptit before the reader's eyes ; and very marvelous it seems that, books are so cheap, with so much labor by authors, printers and binders. • . We have lingered long though we have dwelt but a moment upon the several details, to which we are in debted to Mr. Matthews, the accom plished superintendent of the bindery in this establishment, who is an ama teur in his art. Yet we must take a peep at the ponderous engines in the basement; which keep the printing presses and all the minor n3achinery in motion, the pipes by which steam is conveyed to every - room in case of fire, and the immense vaults which contain the stereotype plates when not in use. And then, as wo wander- over the spacious building in Broadway,' where are displayed to the best ad vantage the light and the ponderous' tomes in .all the- grand array, we re member the two most oft-repeated maxims itt. political economy, ." the demand creates, the supply,!! and "if it were not profitable, men 'would not do it ;" and we must conclude that this .is a • reading country, and -ours especially a reading age. When we remember, too, that ,from Allis press Issue only ~" books which are books," we must believe that the world is pro gressing; and men and women are not the degenerate beings misanthropes and croakers sometimes depict them. MINNIE MYRTLE. From the . National Era RM. CHASE. A friend has sent - us the following tribute to the character Of Mr. Chase, Which .has been translated from the lowa . Slaws Zeitung, a German 'paper ?tinted at Dubuque: "Among the few American States men who .still retain character and principles, *and who have not sunk, like 'Douglas and other subordinate stars, under the pestiferous air in ,Washington, but have borne up with irresistible power and• firmness the banner of Freedom. and of Right, in accordance with the principles of Jef ierson, against, the overwhelming in fluence of the South, stands forth in particular a man, whose - name we Would mention with love and esteem. We mean S. P. Chase, the head of the moderate Anti-Slavery and Free Soil party, and the energetic opponent of the corrupt -Doughfaces and Know Nothing fanatics of Ohio. . . "America is rich in cunning, low politiCians, but poor, very poor, in statesmen of high principle . and Con sistency, with whom 'the feeling of honor is not utterly extinguished, and who have retained at least so much deference for the public weal as not to sacrifice dewnright the interest of the State to their personal ambition. Yes, • if we view the entire mass of -American great men, so called, we shall hardly be able to say of one in . twenty, what Henry Ward Beecher said of Senator Sumner—"He is .a man?" "On the one side we find the great majority of the leaders 6e; - political parties entirely given over to the in terests of the Cotton Aristocracy of the South—because, blinded by their unbounded ambition, they think they can see the means for gaining their object only in the immense power and the ruling influence of the South— . while on the other side we , meet a !erne number of, venal, characterless office seekers,- men, too, at times, pos sessed -of no inconsiderable talents, who look upon American politics as a cow to be milked, and as a means for making money. "Mr. chase belongs .neither to the one nor to the other of these classes. He is an ingenuous mob, of tried probity, who knows no other interests than those of.the entire' people. And as of late ; his chances as Presidential candidate of the liberal Anti-Slavery pax ty . have been largely spoken of,' we will furnish our readers with a brief sketch of his life. " Mr. S. P. Chase was born in ISOS, in Cornish, New Hampshire. His father died in his infancy; but the limited means of his family did not prevent his getting a classical educa tion. In his fifteenth year he entered a college in Ohio, over which his uncle, Philander Chase, presided.— Two years later, he became a mem ber of the. junior class in Dartmouth College; and when he graduated, in 1826, in spite of his youth -and the fact that he entered later than the rest, he was almost at the head of those who graduated with him. This indicates his -great natural talents, for he spent more time in the reading of miscellaneous writings than upon his studies. His classmates remember Mr. Chase as a pleasant companion, .a friend of sports, and as a young man of the strictest life, whose high feel ings of honor would not allow him to yield to vices which proved the ruin of others around him; ,and it became the general opinion among his asso ciates, that he was a man who would be Sure to make his mark in the world. "After he left:college, utterly pen niless, and relying upon . his own ex ertions, he went to 'Washington, where he found his uncle, then United States Senator. For some time he occupied himself with the instruction "of the children of several prominent men, among others of the distinguished or ator,and jurist, William Wirt, in whose office be studied law, and . in whose family' ho was looked upon as -a son. In the spring of 1830 he passed his legal . examination, and, settled in Cincinnati;'where he commenced, and has ever since continued the practice of law. During the' first two years of his stay there, Mr. Chase gave more time to perfecting himself in scientific attainments, than to his professional business; and' he' determined to do for Ohio what was then'. being done for the. State of Ma:ssachusetts by a com mittee of the Legislature—namely, the revision • of the Statutes 'of the State. Some three yoars later, he published his workin three volumes ; and its favorable reception by the Legislature. directed the attention of the people upon him, His . practice increased; but hia 'reptitation as a great jurist commenced with - his great speech, made by him in 1.344,•: before the Supreme Court of • th& • :United States, in a slave.case, and which even Webster pron,ounced to be a master peice of eloquence. • "During the six years of his Senator ship, his conduct has shed honor upon that body, both in and_out of the Sen ate Chamber. His speech against the Douglas-Nebraska . treason was the most important 'and weightiest one that was made at that session, in ref erence to the position he took .in. the treatment of . that -question. His de feat before the so-called "Demqcratic" ,Legislature . of Ohio, in the beginning of last year, was certainly no - want of appreciation of the *merits of Mr. Chase, but a burning shame, which a corrupt democratic Legislature brought upon that party. in Ohio. It is indeed a pity, and may serve as a characteristic - portraiture of the Dem ocratic patty—that a man of the . firm character, of the comprehensive kuowl ! edge of statesmanship,. and of the rich experience, possessed by Mr. Chase, should be made to give place to a routine party man like G. E. Pugh." — WILL YOU EVER GO Ho= . • Yes, we answered mentally, as we passed the subject to whom the ques : Lion was Yes, she will go hem:, she is in . a fair way now to go home ; she is on the road—a road that leads to a home from which she will never wander. The•question.,came from a laboring man in that part of the City called the Swamp; it:was addresSed to, or rather 'it was spoken as. 'he passed the inanimate form of a woman over which he had to step as he wont along kbe narrow sidewalk of Ferry st., where she was lying, with her head upon the edge of the iron gra ting, and her feet. drawn up, her bgn .net smashed, her very good clothes soiled and all awry. She was a young woman, under thirty, and looked as though she might be the wife of some. mechanic or laboring man in comfort able circumstances. We fancied she might have been the wife of him who said, "Will yo 4 ever go'homelf" • If-so, it was no new thing for him to see her thus away from home, for ho said it hurriedly, and hurried away without stopping - to see whether she slept, or whether she had already gone home. It was a melancholy sight, but it was no new one in that locality; for of all the busy bees of that great hive—Ferry-st.--where 'more leather is made and handled than•iri any other street. in America, not one turned away from his work. Yet she had watchers. Three chiffoniera—a boy and two dirty girls—with hook and basket stood off in the middle of the street, looking with pitying eyes at this poor, fallen woman. Fallen, perhaps, only in this one degree, from some good, comfortable home to lie down in the dirty street. Perhaps she had left a child in the cradle at, that home. To the poor rag pickers it was an unusual sight,. and the youngest said: ".Why don't she gep home!" The other. skid to the boy: "Is she dead, Joe 1" she is drunk." Drunk I • yes that was - wiry she did not go. home—'she was drunk and ; lyingin the street. A decently dressed, respectable looking • woman,• lying across the sidewalk at mid-day in one of the streets of New York . drUnk ! I And- yet in that same City there are sober, rational, respectable men and women who contend that allonen have an unalienable right to produce just such a state of things as this—to make. women drunk, till, like beasts, they lie down iu the streets—to brutalize society by familiarizing_ our eyes to such sights, until we pass 'them 'by without a shudder--without an effort to lift up the fallen—till only one man of all a busy street even inquires: you ever go horne ?"—till only the, young rag-pickers. stop with curi osity enough to ask one of the ether " Is she-dead?" . What if she were dead—what if she had- gone home ? Would the. Coroner's 'Jury inquire who killed her I No—no; indeed, not they ; they would not inquire—would not care ; they would only say, " Died from the effects of intoxication." And away she would go in the Alms-House cart to her home—rto the home of many like her—the home to which the Dutchman at the corner—the more genteel family grocer, where 'bread and poison are sold over the :same counter—the owner of the marble palace rum-shop—all and each send their ;duatomers. It is . the usage of the City—an aocient usage that must not be interfered with, because :long habit be turned an evil into_ a ,privt lege. 71'Ite keepei the•,.palace., the grocer and. the Putchtnan, all Claim • um °t . , the right, and they shall have'-!be honor of making the 'woman drunk= so drunk that she could• not .when the man said, "Will you exec go homer We have six. thousand places . where men and women are made drUnki'invd it is reasonable to - -suppose that each makes ten drunk daily; - so- tliatl of sixty thoUsand more or less drunk,.• it is not surprising that hero and,there We meet such a sad sight.as that in Perry:st. We' employ twelve'-hun dred at S6OO - a year, whose, almost sole business is' to go about ioOking for just such cases to make the — daily. "returns" _to the Police Court,. and give the reporters a chance to say that another woman was. "sent up' this morning for. being drunk in:the streets. Yes, in the streets.,,that,,,is the crime; it is no.crime to be;drank at home; so .let the 'rerry-itl lido:an get upend answer' he question; Will you ever go hornet ". Yes, •1.. will, I will go home aud, get drunk there-- the . law allows' that; -and thong!' it may bring me to - utter Misery, the rag-pickers will not stare at me'drtinle in the street." : • Let us go home also ana,reflect: Let us ask the rumseller, Will you ever go home—where you belougt— y Tribune. Let no one feel, because this article is headed ,Composition, that it comes not. within the range of our Corhmon Schools. • It is true it has been so hilt' and se Universally neglected, :that there are very few Common Schools of this county, but would consider it an• almost unpardonable imiovation. Yet we . firmly believe that not a seIMOI can be found where this bran - eh - could not be profitably introduced. Tim instructions must, and should be chiefly oral; but whenever there are scholari large enough to write with any good - ilegree . of legibility and facility, Com._ . position should bo at once introduced. These are the reasons. First,' it will be found one of the best ways of ac: iluiring a practical style of chirogra phy. There are many who call : write a .good copy, but put them 'upon it page, and it will look " hornd."-- Why 1 Because they have never been called upon to write except after a copy. Second it will secure a Cor rectness in the use of language, which we can . hope to obtain In no ,other way. Again, -the facility and elegance acquired J are truly • astonishing. It will be recollected that in our :classi.: fication of Grammar, this was bne. - de.! partment. Now, this, above all others, is the place to teach practical Gram, nrir. • And here you'may collibine; as the student advances, those principles of Prosody which are necessary in after life, together with practical in*. streetions upon letter writing, &c. : • That there is great need for some- thing of the kind, no one can doubt. The factthat one half or two thirds `of ; our population . are deplorably igno rant upon this subject, should be enough.to set every teacher at work' to remedy the evil. Teachers, if you could but pass one- week-in a Post Office, and examine many of the au porsCriptions of the letters that would pass through your hands, you would be convinced that "the Schoolmaster ought to be abroad." And as we can . "toll by a little what a good deal means," we may judge by the super-. scription of style, &c., within. Then, if . this is. a.: field on which _Teachers_ should labor, how shall- it be done I- . In our next . we shall en deavor. to throw out hints, as to the manner of introducing, and conducting. exercises in this important, though. ranch neglected branch. A PRETTY CONCEIT.--.-00MMOEta US , to children for pretty fancies and gores : of thought. The Portland Transcript relates the following : Ono of our, ro:reworlents has a bright little girl jt a• learning to talk, who is destine& to become a poetess. Some . of. her pretty sayings we have already chron itled. Hero is the last . : A bob-o-link came and sat on a trey near the 'win dow. She was much delighted, and asked, 'What makes he sing so sweet ? mother 1 Do he eat flowers l'" PfirCE OP A BROKEN -The late Robert C. Sands sued for daunt gas in a case of a breach of promise marriage. He was offered 200 pbunds to heal- his broken heart. "Two'huedred!" he exclaimed; "two hundred for 'ruined hopes, a- blasted life Two hundred for all thisl, never! Make it three hundred, and it's a bargain !" Thinking is like loring: or eating, every intin roust do it, for himself to get the benerit., of it.— TVays EMIRM • :,- EMMIIII ; = =EC= NO. , 12. - Frotn tho IkFlSean Citiien COMPOSITION'. ana
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