Ij. ~,■■. . 7 . ' . ~,.r— .■'■ ■■ ; :;:—" -V -r■ l ■-- 1 . ‘ r -- -• ■ ■... | ' y ' “ OUR COUNTRY—MAY IT ALWAYS BE RIGIII—BUT RIGHT OR WRONG OUR COUNTRY." (, If VOL. 49. VOLUNTEER pUDLISHUIV RVEUY TIIUKSIUV- K0IINI!ia Dr JOHN ■i T v rX S . AMERICAN' SunscnirnoM. —T'° D"”"™ if P a ' a "■ |tllin reHiX end Two Vf™ 3 nn . J 1 ,ft y ‘f I ml < within the yen?' T JIO3O terms will bo rigidly ad v |to in lnß No subscription dis continued arrearages arc paid unless at the p P ti/° f tho Editor.,, ■ Adv^tiBbment8 —Accompanied by the cash, and ' 1 j. one square, will bo inserted three, ' i\Jvs for One Dollar, and twenty-five cents for each, insertion.. Those of a.greater length in / Jon-lbiiNTixa —Such as Ilaml-bllls, Posting-bills, .‘Pamphlets. Blanks, Labels, ite, &c., executed with and at tho shortca . notice. faetkak ~1IAB!(, THE CRT OF DEATH IS RINGING. Hark! tlio'cry of Death is ringing from the recking plain ; '•Guilty,’Glory, too, is flinging’ Proudly forth hoi* vaunting strain. Mildly,mingled, do^Lftnil.dying, • Show the , 'ACIi -Qpi aj;6 jyiag,‘ •’Siaughtcrcd strife. Liston to the .supplications Of the wido.wcd ones -of earth, iListen. to the cry of nations - , ; Kinging'loudly,-wildly' forth.. • Nations bruised- and crushed-forever .‘By thcijriCn heel of *.Var! ♦God.of -.mercy, wilt thou never ■ Somd dolivranco from afar? Yes ! a light is faintly gleaming Thro* the cloud Unit hovers o’er, Boon the radiance of Us beaming Full upon our laud'will -pour. ’Tis the light that tolls, the dawning Of the.bright millouiel day, .- llcraldihg its blessed morning With its peace bestowing ray. SUmIiITOM. GOOD N.ITDEE. , If there be one thing for* ■which, a man, should be more grateful th s an another, it is the possession of good nature. T do not : consider hi m good tempered whohas no tom per at all. A man ought to have spirit, strong, -* 'earnest, .and capable* of great indignation. , e . like to hear a man thunder once in a while, if it is genuine, and in the right way £ jkliLßsa,, JiHwßra a -«asihl“ fiM’iTEtiir .ways, and is tempted by unscrupulous .na tures to do unworthy things; or. "when a , great and, generous heart'. perceives, the* ■ vyrong'douo by lordly, strength to shrinking, unprotected weakness; or where a man sees the foul mischiefs that.sometimes rise.and. cover the. public welfare like athick.cloud of poisonous vapors^—we like to hear a man exr press himself with outburst and glorious anger. It makes us feel safer to know that there are such men. Wo respect human na ture all the more to know that it is capable of such feelings. But just these men are best capable of good nature. Those are the men upon whom a sweet justice in common things, and a for ' bcarnnoe toward men in all the details of life, and a placablei patient and cheerful mind, sit with peculiar grace. Some men arc much helped, to do this, by a kind of bravery horn with.them. "Some • men are good natured because, they arc be nevolent,. and alawys feel in a sunny mood ; some,'because they have' such vigor and ro ;bust health that care flies off from - them, and they really cannot feel nettled and worried ; some, because a sense of character keeps :them from all things unbecoming manliness ;.. .and some, fronvan overflow of whai may be called in part .animal spirits, and, in, part, also, hopeful and cheerful dispositions. But whatever be the cause or'• reason, is there anything else that so‘much blesses a.man in human life as this voluntary, or, involuntary good nature? Is there.anything else that converts all things so much into enjoyment 1 to him ? And then, what a glow and light he. ■carries with him,to others 1 Some men come upon. you like a cloud passing over the sun. lon do hot.know, what ails you,, hut you feel ,culd f and chilly, while they are about, and need an extra handful, of coal on the fire whenever they tarry long. Others rise upon you like daylight. How many tiinosdoos a cheerful and hopeful phy sician cure his patient by what lie carries in his face, more than by what helms in-his medical, case 1 How often docs the corning of a happy-hearted friend lift you up out of a deep, despondency, and. before you are aware, inspire you with hope and cheer, I' hat a.gift it is to make all men.hotter and happier without knowing it 1 We don’t sup pose that flowers know how sweet they are. Wo have watched them. But as far as wo can find out their thoughts, flowers uro just ns modest.fls they are beautiful. These roses before mo, salfataine, lamar tiuo, and saffano, with their geranium leaves (rose) and carnations and abntilon, have made mo happy for a day. Yet they stand huddled together in my pitcher without seeming to know my thoughts of them, or the gracious work which they are doing 1 And how much more is it to have a disposi tion that carries with t, unvoluntarily, sweetness,.calmness, courage, hope, and hap piness,' to all who are such? Yet this is no portion of good nature in a real, largo minded, strong natured man 1 When it ‘-•nadc him happy it has scarcely begun n world, were there is. bo much roal now,, and bo much unnecessary grief of *®s and worry; whore burdens are so heavy, •rnn J lO ", ay 80 l on g ! where men stumble in mil ■ P?' tllB > an( l 80 many push; them- down tiior than help them up; where tears are fla«h° m ? 10n 08 Bm ‘l° s > tt, 'd hearts ache so i but are poorly feed on higher joys, al, e S i nu ght wo to bo that God ‘■ends B hero and there, a natural heart-singer and lnaQ whoso nature is large and luminous, ous „ **-‘ s very carriage and spontano oihns, cheers, and helps his thov i.i hlcsa the good naturod, for a,icl£ a ™ a everybody else. -Beecher’s Eyes ISC' ? ona 7. who is your father?- Jenkins? for saBsint' tms t,lat a lf- you ycatofday Itis J ® 0 »v-servant giid. *>Qn stopped°hei^ ry *° that tlie exa ® ina " An Incident ot Bailie. Colonel Hugh McNiel, of the famous ‘Buoktnil’ Regiment, who was killed.at the battle of Antietnm, was one of the most accomplished officers in the Federal service. A soldier relates an exploit of his at South Mountain which is worth recording : Daring the battle of South Mountain the rebels had a very strong position. They were posted in the mountain pass, and had infantry on the heights on every side. Our men were compelled to carry the place by storm. The position seemed impregna ble; large craggy rooks protected the enemy ;on every side, while our men were exposed to a galling (ire. And band of rebels occupied a ledge on tho extreme right, as the colonel approaeljed with a few of his men. The unseen fo'roe poured upon them a volley. M’Neil on the instant,’gave the command:. * Pour your fire upon those rocks I’. Tho Bucklails hesitated, it was not an or der that they had been aocustoined to re ceive,; they had always picked their men. . . ‘ Fire 1’ thundered the colonel, ■' I tell you to fire a t those rocks 1’ . The men obeyed. For some ..time, an ir regular fire "was kept,up, the Bucktails shel tering'thomsolves as best they cuuld behind trees and rocks. On a sudden,- McNeil caught sight of two rebels peering,an .open ing ip the work, to got an aim. The eyes of the men. followed their commander,' and a half a dozen rifles wore levied (n : that direc tion.. ‘ Wait a minute/ said tlio colonel, ‘ I will try my hand. There is nothing like killing two birds with-one stone/ The two rebels were not in ; line, hnt one stood, a little distance hack of tiro other while just in* front of the foremost was ..a, slanting rook. Colonel M’Noll seized, a, ride, raised it, glanced.a moment; along tiro polished bar rel, a report followed, and both the rebels disappeared. ,■ At that moment aloud cheer a little distance beyond rent the air. , . , ‘All is right new, 'cried 'the colonel; ‘charge thq’rascals.’. The men sprang up among the rocks in an* instant.' The affrighted rebels turned to, run, but encountered another body of the Cocktails, and were obliged to. surrender. Not a man of them escaped. Every one saw the object of the colonel’s order to fire at ran dom among the rocks. lie -had. sent the party around to their, roar, and meant this to attract their attention. It; was a perfect success. 1 . , The twoi. rebels by the opening in* the lodge were fouiyl lying there stiff and cold, Colonel M’Neil’s.bullet had struck the slant ing rook in front of them, glanced, and passed through both 1 their heads. There it lay beside -thorn, flattened. The colonel picked it up and. put it in his pocket. Re-Union in Heaven. —How short is the earthly history of a family 1 A few years and, “flu” clnfilFen, now tlio object of the most tender solicitude, will have grown, up and gone forth to their respective slatibns ■ in the. world. A few years more and children and parents will have passed from this earth ly stage... Their names will bo no longer heard in their present dwelling. Their do mestic loves and. anxieties,' happinesses and sorrows, will be a lost and forgotten history. Every heart iii which it was written will be mouldering in the dust.: And is this all? Is tins the whole satisfaction whioh is provided for seine of the strongest feelings of our hearts? How can such transitory beings, with, whom our connection is so brief, engage all the love, ■wc can feel? Why should not onr feelings to wards thorn be as feeble and -unsatisfactory as they? But blessed .he God this -is not all. Of this He-has given us,perfect assurance in the Gospel of- .Though to the unen lightened nature the ties'of domestic’love’ seem scattered into the dust, the spiritual eve of faith perches that theyhave been loosened On earth, to bo resumed under- far hap pier circumstances, in the region of everlast ing Jove and bliss. Though the history of a family may seem to he forgotten when the last member of it .is laid’ in the grave, the memory of it still lives with immortal souls, and when the oirolo is wholly dissolved on •earth, it is again completed in heaven. , ' . A Wise sßeuuke.— -The following anecdote is related of the late excellent Joseph John Gurney, of Earlhatn, by one of his family circle; . “ One. night, I remember it well, I received a severe lesson on the sin of evil, speaking.— Severe I thought it then, and my heart rose in childish anger against him who gave it; but I bad not livedlong enough in this world, to knowhowmuch mischief a child’s thought less talk may do, and how often it happ'ens that talkers run off the straight line of truth. S. did not stand very, high in my esteem ; and I was about to speak further of her: failings of temper. In a few moments my eye caught such a look of calm and steady’, displeasure that I stopped short. There was.no mistak ing the meaning of that dark speaking eye. It brought the color,to my face, and oonfm sion and shame to my heart. I was silent, for a few moments, when Joseph. John Gur ney asked very gravely.; * Dost thou knoiv anything good to tell us of her?’ I did not answer, and the question was more seriously asked: * Think, is there nothing good thou oanst toll us of her ?’ Oh yes, I know some good things, but— ’Would it not have been better, to relate those good things than to have told us that which would lower her in our esteem ? Since there is good to relate, would it not bo kinder to be silent on the evil? For charity rejoiceth not at iniquity.’” By ‘How do you do, Mrs. To wo ? Have you beard that story about Mrs. Ludy!’.. ‘ Why, no, really Mrs. Gad ? What is it? Do tell.’ ‘Oh, I promised not to toll fur all the world —no, I must never 'tell on’t; I’m afraid it will got out;’ ‘ Why, I’ll never tell on’t as long ns I live, just ns true ns the world. What is it? Gome toll.’- . ‘ Now, you: wont say anything about it will you ?’ ‘No, I'll never open-my rabuth about it_. novcr. Hope to die this minute,’ ‘Well, if you’ll believe it, Mrs. Funday tpld’ino hist night, that Mrs.. Trot told her that her sister’s husband was told by a per son who dreamed it, that Mrs. Trouble’s ol dest daughter told Mrs. Niohons that her grandmother heard by a letter she got from her sistor’s scoonu husband’s oldest brother’s step-daughter, that it was reported by the captain of a ejam-bont just arrived from the Feojeo Islands, that the mermaids about that section; wear crinolines made out of shark skins.' . O’Why is a mouse like a load of hay? Because the cat’ll 1 eat it. Tea in Bnsia. Tho Russians attribute the superiority of their tea to tho fact that it is scut overland from China, and does not get spoiled by tho sea air. I shouhLbe inclined to think that tho real rcasonflHLat it comes from provin ces in Russian frontier, were there is a of tea than in the provinces fron»which comes the article we use. I think, also, that they understand in fusing the tea better than wu do. They drink it as soon as the boiling water is poured on it, while Wo allow it to stand until it booemes as black as one’s hat and as bitter ns hops. The gentlemen mostly drink their tea in tum blers, without milk,'sometimes adding a shop of lemon; while the ladies take it in- cups; with any amount of cream. WbWero after ward, especially when, traveling oh the Mos cow and . Nijni railroads, surprised , at the largo and oonstant-usobf this beverage at all hours of the day and .night; but wo very soon became as largo consiiihdrs-of it as tho most native Russians themselves. Indeed, after a ■flight in tho railway carriage,.wo found that tumbler of tea in the early morning more'OXj liberating than tho ‘ blest sherbet,’ and more refreshing oven than hook and soda wafer.— When at Petersburg wo bought a small quan tity of a fine sample of caravan tea, for which wo paid at the rate of, thirty-eight shillings the pound; but, of course, this vias one of the.fancy sorts', :and not that which is in com mon use, which costs about, sis shillings and ■sixpence tho pound. At the shop whore we bought this tea, we were informed that they had some -ns high as seventy shillings tho pound, As we wore accompanied by a resi-' dent in tho city who always dealt there, we know, that wq were not- being victimized., I mention this circumstance,'as otherwise the generality, of 'English people* who are iiot ac customed to hoar of .such charges, for tea, might imagine that the St. Petersburg' tea dealer had taken advantage of the English.- foreigners.— Bentley's Miscellany. What is in a Maaie.— Thoreis a confound ed deal in a name; , Yon are at a pji lifts dinner table. Smith, the grocer v eiiys;. “ llioo is down, again;” * “ Is tlioo down again ?” asked, the minis ter. “ I was in hopes ho had permanently reformed.”. “T was speaking of rice'the vegetable,” replied the grocer. ‘‘Oh, ah, indeed I”, exclaimed the, . minis-: tor; “and I was speaking of Rice.the ani mal^--lie! he! ho 1” "Wool haa advanced,” says adenler iu the article'. “ Has ho !” askeda military man , way asdio marching, now ?’’ • “ I wAs'speaking of the wool of the sheep,” is the reply. ■■ “I beg-your pardoni I supposed' you were speaking'ot Wool,..the man.” . “ What is.liiittor worth V /asks some one at once responds a pnlltioian,, whoso thoughts iaro wholly engrossed with.party, matters. J following is said to have passed in a school down east: - , What is the moat northern town in’ the U, States? The’Kuril.'Pole, Who is it inhabited by ? . ' By the Poles; sir.. That’s right. N6w what’s .the moaning.of the word stoop ? I ihm’t kuow sir. .What do I-do when I bond over 1 , thus? You'scratch yoiir sliins, sir. What does yimr lather do when ho, sits down to the table? ; Ho axes for the brandy bottle. ■' I don’t mean that. Well, then, what does your mother do when yem sit.down to the ta ble ? She says she will wring our nooks if wo spill any grease on the floor. ’ID* A country magistrate, noted , for his love of the pleasure of his table, speaking one day to his friend, said>: ‘j We. have just been eating a superb tur key ;. it was excellent—stuffed with truffles to the neck, tender, delicate, and of high fla vor ; wo left onlythe. hones.” “ How- many of them wore you ?” said his friend. “ Two, ’’ replied the magistrals. “Two!” ... ‘ ‘ Yos, the turkey and myself.” A»r Inisn Idea.— Two l islimen. in the recent Fredericksburg engagement were gal lantly standing by,their gnni firing in quick succession,' when one touching the-piece, no ticed-tlnit it was very hot. “ Arrali 1 Mike, .the cannon isgettin’ hot; we’d better stop firin’ a little.” , “Divila bit,” replied Mike; “jist dip the cartridge in the river afore yeos load, and Uapo it cool.” C 27" Can anybody tell us why the .the-Van AVick Investigation Committee is riot to bo jound ? A friend of ours tells us that ho huntod tlinuigh the city a whole day, in hopes of obtaining a copy, hut without success. We hear a Turner. that the entire edition has been suppressed. Where arc the honest patriots who were so zealous in spreading broadcast over the country, the report of the Covode Committee? CT' The complete reports of the battle of Murfreesboro, leave no room for doubt that it was a victory for our side. The rebels may have .the advantage in the nonihernf prison ers obtained, hut they have undoubtedly suffered the grflttost loss in killed and wound ed, besides hpingobligod to retreat. General Roseerans has shown hiiiiself to be worthy of any aßHion in which tlio Gov ernment has placed him. B©* It is said that the conservative party of New Hampshire will make the following peace proposition a party issue in the coming election in that State:—An immediate ar mistice, and a speedy pence; the States to be reunited, the war expenses of both parties to bo assumed by the federal government, and slavery to assume the place which ii held be fore the breaking out of the rebellion. O'" A lady refused her lover’s requost’that she would give him her portrait. • Ah ! it matters not, ho replied—when blest with the original who cares for the copy.. The lady, jjoth ignorant and indignant—l don’t think myself more original than any body else. Wo pity her. O’ lifammn,. said Master Harry, how fat Amelia has grown 1 1 Yes, replied Ins mamma; but don’t say fat,' dear; say ‘ stout’. , At the dinner table on tho following day Harry was asked if ho would take any fat. - No, thank you, said Harry, I’ll take sofne stout; SUE, PA ? , THURSMY, JANUARY. 29,1868. CARL Inauguration of Gov. Parker,, "of Jersey. ■ ' GREAT ENTHUSIASM OP THE .PEQELE. Trenlftri Crowd®!? with Citizens All ParfW’ol tlio State. GRAND' TURNOUT. OF THE MILITARY, INAUGURAL ADDRESS !JF TUB GOVERNOR. - The. inauguration of .Governor Parker of Now Jersey took place »ji Trenton yesterday, and was, signalized by h'Ac of the grartdst dis plays that ever ocourreddn the Kingdom of Camdon and Amboy. /People from all parts of tlio State thronged yie' capital, and the milltaryjurnd'l out in-imposing numbers to honor, the inauguration of a 1 conservative, constitution loving governor. The scene witnessed .was altogether novel and interoat- About eleven o'clock ihe-proccssion, con sisting of UVelve companies of infantry', two squadrons of cavalry, tw(i companies of artil-. lery.and ah. of citizens, formed in liuo,andvßhatf|y after a salute was fired, which was th&sigriiil fur the.procession to move towards the State Jlmlso, which was thronged in every department. ' ■ . Tlio Governor, in passing' the crowd,' was received with the-wildest,'enthusiasm -by the people,. On entering the State llonso ho-was con ducted to the desk of the President of tho'Sou-' ate,Whoro the oath of .qfliqo was adminis tercd to him, and the seal,of the State hand ed over to'him by Governor Olden, • After some -religious services ho was escor ted to the, south part of. the State House, where, in the presence of a dense mass'd people, ho, delivered.his inaugural address, as follows: • i Genteejien of-the- and GenkiiaeAs ; . sembeivand Ifcnnow'OjrriEENs:— . Decplyimprossed with, alio vast responsi bility of the.position to' which I have been tflcvatcd, I have appeared 'before you and ta ken the. oaths proscribed}'by. law.. I have sworn to support the constitution of the Uni-, ted States. ’ I haVo, also sworn to .bear true faith and allegiance to they ivernment ostab iiaheil-.ilv tlie nrLtJioi'Ur r tl\e. State of blew Jersey, promote. Her peace and prosperity, and maintain uei- lawful fights. May- God give ino wiadolu -s’itlly to -compre .lien J-Lhaobligntloa«.M-bi-ob-theseoa h impose, and may.l he enabled to perform aright eve ry official duty. ■ The. Militia Sj/i/cm.' The constitution, of Nciv'Jersoy . imposes , upon the Legislature, the duty of providing by laiv for enrolling, or organizing and ar ming the militia. There arc npm onr . stat ute; hook various hots in reference to the mi litia, passed at different periods, .and eon tabling,; among' some excellent provisions, muoh.tßat.is obsolete or contradictory.. War has revealed many defects in our present law Which wore undiscovered in time of peace.— A thorough revision of the.militia system is needed. What is weigh doing at all is worth doing well. It is false economy to expend money on that which is too deficient'to at- “ which tain the object sought, when, by a small ad ditional expense, the desired result dan be obtained. The wisest arid,best of statesmen has said that “a free pooplo ought not only' to ho armed, but ,disciplined, to which end a uniform and well digested plan is requisite.” Wo know not how. soon we may bo involved in war with foreign Powers, and bo called upon to defend our-Stato from invasion. The time has come.when this 1 subject should .en gage the earnest attention of the Legislature. ■National' Affait-s, The unity, of our national government has been threatened, and in ita defence and for its preservation wo engaged in a war of great er magnitude than any history records. Our sons and brothers are engaged in the conflict. 'Every call, on the general government has been answered; by New Jersey,with volun teers. Her citizens have exhibited undoubt: od loyalty. They have suffered and sacri ficed much. The war, which was promised aod expected to bo of but short duration, still continues, apparently increasing in magni tude and intensity. Under those circumstan ces it is not only the privilege but the solemn duly of the citizen, freely to consider the is sues connected with the war, and discuss the policy which controls its prosecution. Slate .Sovereignty and Federal Authority. The general government is sovereign to the extent of the powers delegated, while the re sidue of sovereignty remains with the. States and the people thereof. sovereignty of a State is as complete and rbal in its proper sphere, as is the sovereignty df r the United States within its sphere. In general lan- gunge it inny bo snid Unit the United Slates supervises the external affairs of the people, in their relation to other nations, while to the respective States is committed local self government,, having reference chiefly to the domestic relations, and including the protec tion oftho life, liberty and property of the citizen. It is. the duty of the State, as well as the duty of the United States, to asorta and maintain, in a legal and constitutional manner, their several and anpropriate sover eignty. It is essential to free government, that the rights and powers flowing from na tional or state sovereignty should bo well de fined and adhered to. The Constitution the True Guide, In order to ascertain the dividing line be tween the powers delegated and the powers reserved, the constitution of the United States must be our guide. In that cherished instrument, the chart of our liberties, the powers delegated to the general government are clearly stated. In case of doubt or con troversy, ns to ijm extent of those poiftrerg, there is a supremo legal tribunal to which such questions must bo referred for final de cision. It was not provided that the consti tution should ho the supremo law of the land, only in.time of pence, and that in war there should bo a power over and above the consti tution, limited only in extent by individual opinion and discretion. The is r ved rights oftho States, and the rights of the people were to bo* protected at all times, and capo-, cially in times of discord and angry strife— when passion often rules the hour, and power is prone to encroach on law. Secession a Political Heresy , The doctrine of secession is a political her esy, at variance with the letter and spirit of satM. the constitution. The nature of our national compact negatives the idea that secession is a reserved right, of the States. Tlio very language and terms of the constitution nega tive the idea. ... No Cause for Revolution Upon examination of the ordinances and proceedings of the various (secession) con ventions, it will bo found, by their own show ing, that although there had been great pro vocation, no grievance existed, sufficient to justify revolution. One of the chief com plaints was that the-then recent election had resulted in the triumph of a sectional party, and that the incoming administration, judg ing from the antecedents, of-its members, would' probably violate the constitutional rights of the,Southern people. . The Presi dent, although not receiving a majority- of the popular vote, was nevertheless legally elected, and.apprehension of prospective unconstitu? tipnal action oh his part, did hot warrant the disruption of the govarnment. Illegal Arrests. The war how in progress Was,, with unar nimity, .declared by Congress tq.be waged on the.part of the. United Slates, not for any purpose of conquest or subjugation,, over throwing'or interfering .with the rights of 'es tablishod institutions of tlio States, but to de fend and maintain. the supremacy oftho con stitution, and .to. preserve the Union, with.the equality and rights Of the several States un impaired..: This was the only legitimate, pur pose for which the war could bo prosecuted, and with this purpose in view, the people of tho.lojal States responded to.the call of the government',.'in accepting the st.ern .reality of war for. the maintenance of the constitution, they had a right to expect that their own con stitutional privileges would, bo-respected:;—; .They .did not expect that in order to.suppross' rebellion, tlio inalienable liberties -ot loyal ‘citizens must, ho sacrifecd. They did:not ex pect that tho-constitntidn of the United States was so impotent that its supremacy could only ho maintained.by a violation of its pro?, visions, ;■ ■ Citizen's of - this- State have ■ been. seized without duo process Of law:, without -the op piirtlurfy of investigation before, a commits •ting,magistrate without being confronted by accuser or witnesses, without being informed of the cause of detention '; .'and,without., in-" dictment or trial,’-have, been' forcibly taken hnd qojifincd'as prisoners out oC the State of. NewiJiwsey., Such action is a violation ql the rights of the individual. It demands serious., consideration. -It concerns every man in the community. It is the privilege .as well lis the-solemn duty of a'free-people to inquire into any claim or power wliioli infringes'n'pon the well defined guards of personal lihcrlyi. The constitution oftho'Unitcd Stntos-'firo vidcs that " no warrant shall issue exceptli(p on -probable cause, supported by-path ofaffic-. matiort,” that “no person ahull-bo deprived ofjiis life,. lihiwty-o , M ir "l*ehty iV-b-b -due iifdc-. (’ssoriaw," unj ill at “ the accused ; shaU en joy the right to a speedy and public trial .by .an impartial - jury of the' State, and dis trict whore, the ciimo shall ’’-have-'been committed, and to bo informed of tlio nature and cause of the accusation, and to be con fronted by tlio witnesses,against him.” I’ersona.l Liberty an Absolute •Hight. I ■ Personal liberty is onep'fthe absolute rights of man, I;.? protection is- one of the primary objects iif'government. Under onr .system oii'nrts of law are established to' fry criminal offences of every.'grade. The federal anti State courts, having their defined and proper jurisdiction, have continually been acoossi-' hie. ' The law points out (ho mode of pro : ceeding 1 against the alleged offender, ami whatever may ho the nature of the crime, the courts in-Now Jersey, will fairly investigate the'charge and punish the criminal, if loyally convicted. If any.citizen of Now .Jersey lie guilty of the high crime of tioason, let him ho punished; but his guilt should ho estab lished by the same judicial means that the law awards-to the meanest culprit. The liighls.nf.New.Jcrsey io be Protected, Whatever legal and constitutional powers are vested in the Executive of New Jersey, for the protection of the lawful rights of the citizens of the State, will bo exorcised du ring my administration. It. cannot-ho that those arbitrary'arrests of citizens, without due process, and imprisonments beyond •'the Jurisdiction, are legalized by virtue of autlio-- r-ity enmnating from any civil magistrate.— Neither can-'they bo -justified.because' of any power flowing from a military : commander ; for the persons arrested wore not in the mil itary service,-and therefore not-subject .to' what ,is termed .military law, and itis a clear principle that .what is called martial law cannot rightfully,extend beyond the field of active operations of the commander. Habeas Corpus. But illegal arrests would not Imvo been so oppressive if the privilege of tbo writ of ha beas corpus bar! remained inviolate, for in such case the imprisonment, if unlawful, would have boon but temporary. The suspension of that writ caused tbo term of imprisonment to depend upon tbo will of tbo person w:bo commanded tbo arrest, jfbore is no doubt but that tbo writ of 'lmbeds corpus may., bo suspended in cases of rebellion or invasion if tbo public safety require ita But it is of vital importance to. tbo people to know, by wlial povyer the privilege Of this great writ" can be suspended, and at whoso will their liberties are hold. The power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus exists in.the legislative and not in the executive branch of government. Such has,ever been the course of judicial o pinion both in England and America, incur national constitution the provision in reference to the suspension of the writ is enumerated among the powers delegated to congress.— Iho representatives, coming from every State and district and more immediately represent ing the people, are to decide when public safe ty requires its suspension. The Writ Intended to be a Protection Against Executive Power. If it had booh intended that this great pow er over the liberty of millions should bo depos ited in the breast of one individual, it would have been so stated in the constitution in ex press terms. The writ in its origin, was iu tendsd to relievo from the abuse of executive power, and'it would be a palpable absurdity to vest the suspension of its'operation in that departmentofgovernn eht, the notion of which it, woe designed to review and restrain. It is. as much a departure from the constitution, and almost as dangerous in its tendency, for one department of government to infringe upon the province and assume the powers delegated to another department as it is to usurp powers that have never passed, from the people. The War Power Does not Suspend the Consti tution. In the absence of other authority to justify these arrests, imprisonments and denial of the writ of habeas corpus, a now power has been invoked, familiarly called the “war power” or “ military necessity.’’ It is claimed that this power overrides all others, and vests in the executive of a government in tinio.of war, the right as military command er, to do, in any part of tlio country, any thing which ho may think will best subdue the enemy. Tills power, asclaimod, virtual ly suspends tiro constitution i i time of war. It ignores all 1 branches of the government except the executive. By it Congress can he susoended. By it every member of Congress and every judge in the land can be imprison-, ed, if it bo thought the-hest means to subduo tlio enemy., By it the Vaults of the bank can bo entered, and the treasure taken there from without pledge of payment.or- return, if liiuney at the time bo considered a “military necessity.” As this alleged power is limited only by the will and discretion of him who exercises it,, there is no conceivable form of outrage'upon individual rights or public interests Unit cannot bo. perpetrated under it. All legitimate Watt power is subordinate to tlio -constitution,' Any other doctrine would give to one man, in time of war, power 00-ex tensivo •with bis will—or, in other words,' despotic power. - The motive with which this power may bo used are various Suppose the motive good in one executive, .is there any security that the motive'of another will be bo .pure ? Again ; the motive uniy be pure, and vet there mhy .be a radical error of judgment. But wo'are not now discussing..motives. . It' is against the principle w.e_ protest, in the .name oflbopooplootasovereigii State. Prece dents are being,established, and_'all-history warno.us against encroachments of pow er. . - . - ■ • ' But whatever' may, ho-the motive with •which it is .exercised,’ 1 .u-mvuthovistsd : power iloes. not tend to subdue the -enemy. It may be taken*as-an eslublisbcdpnnciple.'that no violation.oflaw or assumption of poWer, how ever good‘tli6 motive, adds strength, to gov-' eminent.- - Arty apparent.temporary advan tage will be overcome .by the weakness which •a general.consciousness-ofipsecurity of rights necessarily engenders. *• That government only-Is-, truly strung which keeps within its constitutional limits.’- The true friends of the. 'government of the United 'States/ who desire its perpetuity and the' perpetuity of- the Unions -have therefore regarded the exorcise, of. this assumed power with great apprehension.. Emancipation Unconstitutional • -The chief fruit of this “ war power’* is the emancipation .proclamation ; 'which,- if it be constitutional, at onco yiehls to the Executive, ‘ .not merely legislative, powers b,ub legislative powers beyondthoso which Congress can law-, fully cxcrc-33. It.yields .to. the Executive alone, what by the constitution, Congress and tbo-Executive c imbinccl bannob legally do., It assumes ibata mere edictof an exentive officer can rh ingc the domes! icrclauonst fcommuvuii es, and repeal laws.guaranteeing the rights of in whole ..plates and- districts, vhkihor that property belong to the loyal or ‘ to the disloyal.'. Not only is the constitution ality of this measure a proper subject of free inquiry,' but the policy’of emancipation, if 'Constitutional,', is.,a tlieme which' canm I bo avoided, This question should becxntaiued, not only in reference to'our interests but also in" reference to-the interests, of file 1 race wp find in servitude 1 We 'should- look at it, not on'y. vvitii the cyoof reason,- but - with I the eye id'humanity. ■ The Mdisurc Cntd io Hie Slaves, . . Has any; man ever satisfactorily answered tlie question,.- limy (lie, sudden' liberation of three millions of beings, without property, without homos, without- education, .industry, or,enterprise; sufficient to provide for .them selves , beings, in their present condition, not self-sustaining,'l'i, .to benefit either the, white or black race ?■ 'Where are-they to go ? To colonize such a multitude, oven if a place could be procured and they would he willing to emigrate-, • would, involve the nation , in irretrievable-bankruptcy. Should they wan; der North, as many fear. and..against which probability sonic Stalin have already provid ed, they would be 'under the worst form of social slavery, and the burthens of taxation and debt now-upon us, would bo so.incfnased as seriously to embarrass remote posterity. Effects Upon Witilc Labor .'Wo are fold that (bore would’ bo neither move.nor loss room for labor, and’that if they should come bore, the white, la borers can cx exohaugo places with them.-' Are we willing for such an - exchange ?. , ,Vou.ld cither our or their condition be improved-?'What then iVlo become of them ? Does any sane man believe that two distinct races of men,'of. different color,, who caiinot by any moans' bobroiigr.it into social equality—Can 'long exist in , the same locality, in’ almost ' equal 'numbers, without cue race, becoming subject to the other? Dangers of a Servile War Are. we to violate the rules of civilized warfare by inviting and encouraging servile Insurrection, which; after 'it lias borne its .hitler fruits ofindiscrlminatc slaughter, must inevitably end in.- tho. extermination of the servile nice? Is it humane to subject those unfortunate beings to this couserpicnc.e ? If the abolition ol slavery be a necessary, conse quence of tho war; both races will have to endure tiro evils which in their present con dition it would bring on them j" but .to make emancipation the object of the war would be to use tho treasure ayd blood of the country to carry out the political viows which to a groat extent ..produced the war ; would bo in bad laith to the nation, and especially to those who have freely given ot their wealth | and voluntarily offered their lives to tho gov ernment, after that government had of Its own accord pot in record■ that the war was not tii ho prosecuted for the purpose ol “over throwing .the established institutions .of the States.” Onr energies should ho devoted to a restoration of the Union, and the problem nfcinancipajion is one to ho solved hereafter by the people of the States where the institu tion of slavery exists. To be a benefit oven to the people.in servitude it should not come by fire and swordr The institutions of egos, interwoven with .'society, cannot thus ho broken up without producing incalculable misery. If emancipation should ever come, it will" come so as to he of the greatest benefit to both races. It, will come as it did in New Jersey, by (lie voluntary action of the people of the States whore tho institution ex ists, peacefully and gradually, and without the dictation or interference of tho general government or tho government ofother States, and without calling on tho ether States to incur an immense debt, equivalent to a mortgage on every acre of land within their limits The Project of Emancipation Will Prolong ths War. Tho project of emancipation, we fear, will prolong tho war. .Whether intended or not. like the- unconstitutional creation of new States it will have tho effect of placing an obstacle in the way of tho restoration of the Union, the grout object for which wo phonli] contend. Wo are told that tho belief that slavery is the cause of the war, and that the war can never cease and the life of the nation bo preserved until slavery bo abolished, baa led to a departure from the original purposa of the vvar. This is the radical error of tho emancipationists. Slavery is no more tho cause of ' the vvar than gold is the cause of robbery or murder. With the same pro-, prioty it might bo said that commerce was the cause of our last war with Great Britain, and that . commerce should bo abolished because the imprbssmentof American seamen, led men, taking the form of illegal action, were tho antecedent cause. If men will re form themselves, keep within the lavy and oh-: servo constitutional requirements, there’is no reason why wo should not live together as harmoniously as our aocestois did in fho earlier days of the republic. Abolition and secession are the authors of our calamity, and abolition is the parent of secession.' To those who regarded slavery as a sin, and wore impelled-by a law which they esteem higher than the constitution to effect emanci pation at nil hazards, it- would bo ..useless-to say anything, except that they wore no more responsible, for tho ovils-incidbnt to slavery in the Southern States than they wore respon sible, fur serfdom in the most distant country in Kurope. They had about as much right, to interfere in the one case'.ns in the other, slavery was hero when the constitution was ■formed. Its introduction was not the work of i duo section alone. The groat and good men of that day, in framing the, constitution,'recognix, od it its an existing institution. Its control was wisely left to the several. States in which, it .existed. Without this the constitution never would have been' ratified.' 'Obedience to; law and-conformity to es tablished human government are divine in junctions, the violation of which must be offensive in the sight of God.; ... . The Lesson and.our Duties. Ilav.ing defined the nature of oiif system of government, and examined sonic 61. the ab sorbing questions connected .with’the rebel lion in the light of the constifulionV.it re mains to state the lesson legitimately: to •be drawn therefrom,' and to consider, briefly sojnc- of .the.-duties .which devolve- oh ua in this crisis of our.nation’s historvV. . • The great lesson'to be donved is, that dis- ■ regard of the rcstraintsof law, disrespect for ■ judicial opinion, iudUrcfonce to tho division of power in' our system’ of government,- and the .substitution of individual opinion of righ t or wrong for the written constitution, Have . brought upon'the; nation the troubles. that now threaten its-.dissolution, and-that not . only must those in rebellion return'to their allegiance, but all must Tetum''to the ancient landmarks of their, fathers, if they again would have tho country linUed and prosperous. _ • • Our chief duty is to restore the Union of tlie States. To do this all must control.their piissious and .'sacrifice their prejudices.' Wo must, have due regard for the opinions of others, p.mi not be prone to impnlodisloyalty to those who entertain, adverse. views as to questions of policy. Wo cqlm and. dispassionate, yet firm and decided, in main taining the right. We must-proteet the law ■ful rights of the, humblest citizen if wc would bo protected in our own rights. Wo should respect judicial decisions, and conforra’sfcrict ly to the requirements of Jaw. Wo should not.yiolate thejaw because others do] . .Failure in the proper administration of.n good government, does.not discharge us from OU V obligations .16 perpetuate that gbvernm't.' it should rather increase our exertions to. bring 1 its rulers back to tiro true principles on. which, the government was -foundeu—the only principles upon which 1 it can bo ; successful- ' ly administered. • ' - . If in retaliation -for tlto unconstitutional nets of others wo violafo, tlio'constitution our selves, thou indeed nil .is. lost. We should eling.to the cling to ; the con stitution- ns the shipwrecked mariner clings to the last pjanlc whoa night and the tempest* close around him.”. • , . Wo should lake cure that both National nd State governments confine'their action within tI)o sphere of their respective powers. Xlie constitutional demands, of the national government should-be responded to, whether. iv peace or'iu war Conclusion, Fellow.citizens, is there no way consistent' with the honur and interests of al! to bring to an end .tliis'nhnatural strife, w|nch is shed ding tlio best blood of the land, and Gating out our substance t There is not a good cit izen in. the whole country who does not, in his heart desire pgace. There is not aChrts .tinn. family .in -the'.whole hind w.hd,\vheQ tlvo ■ •shades. of evening close around,.do riot iri their devotions, at the- family,.altar-pray for peace and the. safe and "speedy return of the long absent one. There is not a soldier, in. the Northern or Southefn armies who,.as ho .paces at night his weary round, or lays his head upon the rude camp pillow, dues not in imagination visit the fireside at home, and ‘ sigh for peace. AVo should not btTafraid of : peace—an. honorable and permanent peace, whether it come by the exorcise of power or - by, the exercise of conciliation.' It.snoiild be si peace.on the basis of “ the Unfon as it was” -—not a Union of States where pare are hold jn subjugation as conquered provinces, add ing • nothing to the maternal interests .and prosperity of, the nation, and 1 onjy fur nishing, a theatre of.nction for swarms of.nill-- itary officials—but tlm Union of all tho States. with’.tljeir “ equulfty aiid rights It should bo a peace founded on tho suipniv ' sion of all to tho rightful authority, qf the government, and (ho guarantee tr. al| t of their constitutional rights by tlie government,- Ic slumM bo a peace bringing with it such unity a.s will have the constitution for its founda tion and obedience to, law its.corner stone. • Gentlemen of the Legislature—it will afford mo much pleasure to cultivate kindly rela tions with those composing the other brandi es of the government.. May we, discarding ajl selfish considerations, bo 'influenced, by. love for our country, and may 1 wo severally perform our duties as God fearing men. Fellow citizens—With'ninooro gratitude tu the people of this State for their recent mair festation of.confidence I enter upon the du ties of tho high office designate! by their suffrages. My first duty is now performed. bnt.l am yet only upon the threshold.- Itru* t'\ that I fully realize the vast responsibility of the position. Omniscience alone can look into the-future. I will not attempt to raise *ho curtain which conceals it from view. In the next throe years may bo crowded' events big with tho fate .of our beloved State' and nation—events that may convulse the world. e, who may be humble actors in this fear ful drama, should bo prepared to sacrifice upon the altar of our country every evil pas sion and prejudice, and with honest hearts and good motives perform o,ujv£yvoral. parts,. looking with faith to Him wjio-holda, nations in tho hollow of his hand.' Tho Governor was frequently applauded during tho delivery of his address, add upon' its conclusion tho procession of citizens and and soldiers again formed in lino and escort-' ed him to his quarters. NO, 33.
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