Ij. ~,■■. . 7 . ' . ~,.r— .■'■ ■■ ; :;:—" -V -r■ l ■-- 1 . ‘ r -- -• ■ ■...
| ' y ' “ OUR COUNTRY—MAY IT ALWAYS BE RIGIII—BUT RIGHT OR WRONG OUR COUNTRY."
(,
If
VOL. 49.
VOLUNTEER
pUDLISHUIV RVEUY TIIUKSIUV- K0IINI!ia Dr
JOHN
■i T v rX S .
AMERICAN'
SunscnirnoM. —T'° D"”"™ if P a ' a "■ |tllin
reHiX end Two Vf™ 3 nn . J 1 ,ft y ‘f I ml <
within the yen?' T JIO3O terms will bo rigidly ad
v |to in lnß No subscription dis
continued arrearages arc paid unless at
the p P ti/° f tho Editor.,, ■
Adv^tiBbment8 —Accompanied by the cash, and
' 1 j. one square, will bo inserted three,
' i\Jvs for One Dollar, and twenty-five cents for each,
insertion.. Those of a.greater length in
/ Jon-lbiiNTixa —Such as Ilaml-bllls, Posting-bills,
.‘Pamphlets. Blanks, Labels, ite, &c., executed with
and at tho shortca . notice.
faetkak
~1IAB!(, THE CRT OF DEATH IS RINGING.
Hark! tlio'cry of Death is ringing
from the recking plain ;
'•Guilty,’Glory, too, is flinging’
Proudly forth hoi* vaunting strain.
Mildly,mingled, do^Lftnil.dying,
• Show the ,
'ACIi -Qpi aj;6 jyiag,‘
•’Siaughtcrcd strife.
Liston to the .supplications
Of the wido.wcd ones -of earth,
iListen. to the cry of nations - ,
; Kinging'loudly,-wildly' forth..
• Nations bruised- and crushed-forever
.‘By thcijriCn heel of *.Var!
♦God.of -.mercy, wilt thou never
■ Somd dolivranco from afar?
Yes ! a light is faintly gleaming
Thro* the cloud Unit hovers o’er,
Boon the radiance of Us beaming
Full upon our laud'will -pour.
’Tis the light that tolls, the dawning
Of the.bright millouiel day, .-
llcraldihg its blessed morning
With its peace bestowing ray.
SUmIiITOM.
GOOD N.ITDEE.
, If there be one thing for* ■which, a man,
should be more grateful th s an another, it is
the possession of good nature. T do not
: consider hi m good tempered whohas no tom per
at all. A man ought to have spirit, strong,
-* 'earnest, .and capable* of great indignation.
, e . like to hear a man thunder once in a
while, if it is genuine, and in the right way
£ jkliLßsa,, JiHwßra a -«asihl“ fiM’iTEtiir
.ways, and is tempted by unscrupulous .na
tures to do unworthy things; or. "when a
, great and, generous heart'. perceives, the*
■ vyrong'douo by lordly, strength to shrinking,
unprotected weakness; or where a man sees
the foul mischiefs that.sometimes rise.and.
cover the. public welfare like athick.cloud of
poisonous vapors^—we like to hear a man exr
press himself with outburst and glorious
anger. It makes us feel safer to know that
there are such men. Wo respect human na
ture all the more to know that it is capable
of such feelings.
But just these men are best capable of
good nature. Those are the men upon whom
a sweet justice in common things, and a for
' bcarnnoe toward men in all the details of
life, and a placablei patient and cheerful
mind, sit with peculiar grace.
Some men arc much helped, to do this, by
a kind of bravery horn with.them. "Some
• men are good natured because, they arc be
nevolent,. and alawys feel in a sunny mood ;
some,'because they have' such vigor and ro
;bust health that care flies off from - them, and
they really cannot feel nettled and worried ;
some, because a sense of character keeps
:them from all things unbecoming manliness ;..
.and some, fronvan overflow of whai may be
called in part .animal spirits, and, in, part,
also, hopeful and cheerful dispositions. But
whatever be the cause or'• reason, is there
anything else that so‘much blesses a.man in
human life as this voluntary, or, involuntary
good nature? Is there.anything else that
converts all things so much into enjoyment 1
to him ? And then, what a glow and light he.
■carries with him,to others 1 Some men come
upon. you like a cloud passing over the sun.
lon do hot.know, what ails you,, hut you feel
,culd f and chilly, while they are about, and
need an extra handful, of coal on the fire
whenever they tarry long.
Others rise upon you like daylight. How
many tiinosdoos a cheerful and hopeful phy
sician cure his patient by what lie carries in
his face, more than by what helms in-his
medical, case 1 How often docs the corning of
a happy-hearted friend lift you up out of
a deep, despondency, and. before you are
aware, inspire you with hope and cheer,
I' hat a.gift it is to make all men.hotter and
happier without knowing it 1 We don’t sup
pose that flowers know how sweet they are.
Wo have watched them. But as far as wo
can find out their thoughts, flowers uro
just ns modest.fls they are beautiful.
These roses before mo, salfataine, lamar
tiuo, and saffano, with their geranium leaves
(rose) and carnations and abntilon, have
made mo happy for a day. Yet they stand
huddled together in my pitcher without
seeming to know my thoughts of them,
or the gracious work which they are doing 1
And how much more is it to have a disposi
tion that carries with t, unvoluntarily,
sweetness,.calmness, courage, hope, and hap
piness,' to all who are such? Yet this is
no portion of good nature in a real, largo
minded, strong natured man 1 When it
‘-•nadc him happy it has scarcely begun
n world, were there is. bo much roal
now,, and bo much unnecessary grief of
*®s and worry; whore burdens are so heavy,
•rnn J lO ", ay 80 l on g ! where men stumble in
mil ■ P?' tllB > an( l 80 many push; them- down
tiior than help them up; where tears are
fla«h° m ? 10n 08 Bm ‘l° s > tt, 'd hearts ache so
i but are poorly feed on higher joys,
al, e S i nu ght wo to bo that God ‘■ends
B hero and there, a natural heart-singer
and lnaQ whoso nature is large and luminous,
ous „ **-‘ s very carriage and spontano
oihns, cheers, and helps his
thov i.i hlcsa the good naturod, for
a,icl£ a ™ a everybody else. -Beecher’s Eyes
ISC' ? ona 7. who is your father?-
Jenkins?
for saBsint' tms t,lat a lf- you ycatofday
Itis J ® 0 »v-servant giid.
*>Qn stopped°hei^ ry *° that tlie exa ® ina "
An Incident ot Bailie.
Colonel Hugh McNiel, of the famous
‘Buoktnil’ Regiment, who was killed.at the
battle of Antietnm, was one of the most
accomplished officers in the Federal service.
A soldier relates an exploit of his at South
Mountain which is worth recording :
Daring the battle of South Mountain the
rebels had a very strong position. They
were posted in the mountain pass, and
had infantry on the heights on every side.
Our men were compelled to carry the place
by storm. The position seemed impregna
ble; large craggy rooks protected the enemy
;on every side, while our men were exposed to
a galling (ire.
And band of rebels occupied a ledge on
tho extreme right, as the colonel approaeljed
with a few of his men. The unseen fo'roe
poured upon them a volley. M’Neil on the
instant,’gave the command:.
* Pour your fire upon those rocks I’.
Tho Bucklails hesitated, it was not an or
der that they had been aocustoined to re
ceive,; they had always picked their men. .
. ‘ Fire 1’ thundered the colonel, ■' I tell you
to fire a t those rocks 1’
. The men obeyed. For some ..time, an ir
regular fire "was kept,up, the Bucktails shel
tering'thomsolves as best they cuuld behind
trees and rocks. On a sudden,- McNeil
caught sight of two rebels peering,an .open
ing ip the work, to got an aim. The eyes of
the men. followed their commander,' and a
half a dozen rifles wore levied (n : that direc
tion..
‘ Wait a minute/ said tlio colonel, ‘ I will
try my hand. There is nothing like killing
two birds with-one stone/
The two rebels were not in ; line, hnt one
stood, a little distance hack of tiro other while
just in* front of the foremost was ..a, slanting
rook. Colonel M’Noll seized, a, ride, raised
it, glanced.a moment; along tiro polished bar
rel, a report followed, and both the rebels
disappeared. ,■ At that moment aloud cheer a
little distance beyond rent the air. , .
, ‘All is right new, 'cried 'the colonel;
‘charge thq’rascals.’.
The men sprang up among the rocks in
an* instant.' The affrighted rebels turned to,
run, but encountered another body of the
Cocktails, and were obliged to. surrender.
Not a man of them escaped. Every one saw
the object of the colonel’s order to fire at ran
dom among the rocks. lie -had. sent the
party around to their, roar, and meant this to
attract their attention. It; was a perfect
success. 1 .
, The twoi. rebels by the opening in* the
lodge were fouiyl lying there stiff and cold,
Colonel M’Neil’s.bullet had struck the slant
ing rook in front of them, glanced, and
passed through both 1 their heads. There
it lay beside -thorn, flattened. The colonel
picked it up and. put it in his pocket.
Re-Union in Heaven. —How short is the
earthly history of a family 1 A few years and,
“flu” clnfilFen, now tlio object
of the most tender solicitude, will have grown,
up and gone forth to their respective slatibns
■ in the. world. A few years more and children
and parents will have passed from this earth
ly stage... Their names will bo no longer
heard in their present dwelling. Their do
mestic loves and. anxieties,' happinesses and
sorrows, will be a lost and forgotten history.
Every heart iii which it was written will be
mouldering in the dust.: And is this all? Is
tins the whole satisfaction whioh is provided
for seine of the strongest feelings of our hearts?
How can such transitory beings, with, whom
our connection is so brief, engage all the love,
■wc can feel? Why should not onr feelings to
wards thorn be as feeble and -unsatisfactory
as they? But blessed .he God this -is not all.
Of this He-has given us,perfect assurance in
the Gospel of- .Though to the unen
lightened nature the ties'of domestic’love’
seem scattered into the dust, the spiritual eve
of faith perches that theyhave been loosened
On earth, to bo resumed under- far hap
pier circumstances, in the region of everlast
ing Jove and bliss. Though the history of a
family may seem to he forgotten when the
last member of it .is laid’ in the grave, the
memory of it still lives with immortal souls,
and when the oirolo is wholly dissolved on
•earth, it is again completed in heaven. , '
. A Wise sßeuuke.— -The following anecdote
is related of the late excellent Joseph John
Gurney, of Earlhatn, by one of his family
circle; .
“ One. night, I remember it well, I received
a severe lesson on the sin of evil, speaking.—
Severe I thought it then, and my heart rose
in childish anger against him who gave it;
but I bad not livedlong enough in this world,
to knowhowmuch mischief a child’s thought
less talk may do, and how often it happ'ens
that talkers run off the straight line of truth.
S. did not stand very, high in my esteem ; and
I was about to speak further of her: failings
of temper. In a few moments my eye caught
such a look of calm and steady’, displeasure
that I stopped short. There was.no mistak
ing the meaning of that dark speaking eye.
It brought the color,to my face, and oonfm
sion and shame to my heart. I was silent,
for a few moments, when Joseph. John Gur
ney asked very gravely.;
* Dost thou knoiv anything good to tell us
of her?’
I did not answer, and the question was more
seriously asked:
* Think, is there nothing good thou oanst
toll us of her ?’
Oh yes, I know some good things, but—
’Would it not have been better, to relate those
good things than to have told us that which
would lower her in our esteem ? Since there
is good to relate, would it not bo kinder to
be silent on the evil? For charity rejoiceth
not at iniquity.’”
By ‘How do you do, Mrs. To wo ? Have
you beard that story about Mrs. Ludy!’..
‘ Why, no, really Mrs. Gad ? What is it?
Do tell.’
‘Oh, I promised not to toll fur all the world
—no, I must never 'tell on’t; I’m afraid it
will got out;’
‘ Why, I’ll never tell on’t as long ns I live,
just ns true ns the world. What is it?
Gome toll.’- .
‘ Now, you: wont say anything about it
will you ?’
‘No, I'll never open-my rabuth about it_.
novcr. Hope to die this minute,’
‘Well, if you’ll believe it, Mrs. Funday
tpld’ino hist night, that Mrs.. Trot told her
that her sister’s husband was told by a per
son who dreamed it, that Mrs. Trouble’s ol
dest daughter told Mrs. Niohons that her
grandmother heard by a letter she got from
her sistor’s scoonu husband’s oldest brother’s
step-daughter, that it was reported by the
captain of a ejam-bont just arrived from the
Feojeo Islands, that the mermaids about that
section; wear crinolines made out of shark
skins.'
. O’Why is a mouse like a load of hay?
Because the cat’ll 1 eat it.
Tea in Bnsia.
Tho Russians attribute the superiority of
their tea to tho fact that it is scut overland
from China, and does not get spoiled by tho
sea air. I shouhLbe inclined to think that
tho real rcasonflHLat it comes from provin
ces in Russian frontier, were
there is a of tea than in the
provinces fron»which comes the article we
use. I think, also, that they understand in
fusing the tea better than wu do. They drink
it as soon as the boiling water is poured on
it, while Wo allow it to stand until it booemes
as black as one’s hat and as bitter ns hops.
The gentlemen mostly drink their tea in tum
blers, without milk,'sometimes adding a shop
of lemon; while the ladies take it in- cups;
with any amount of cream. WbWero after
ward, especially when, traveling oh the Mos
cow and . Nijni railroads, surprised , at the
largo and oonstant-usobf this beverage at all
hours of the day and .night; but wo very soon
became as largo consiiihdrs-of it as tho most
native Russians themselves. Indeed, after a
■flight in tho railway carriage,.wo found that
tumbler of tea in the early morning more'OXj
liberating than tho ‘ blest sherbet,’ and more
refreshing oven than hook and soda wafer.—
When at Petersburg wo bought a small quan
tity of a fine sample of caravan tea, for which
wo paid at the rate of, thirty-eight shillings
the pound; but, of course, this vias one of
the.fancy sorts', :and not that which is in com
mon use, which costs about, sis shillings and
■sixpence tho pound. At the shop whore we
bought this tea, we were informed that they
had some -ns high as seventy shillings tho
pound, As we wore accompanied by a resi-'
dent in tho city who always dealt there, we
know, that wq were not- being victimized., I
mention this circumstance,'as otherwise the
generality, of 'English people* who are iiot ac
customed to hoar of .such charges, for tea,
might imagine that the St. Petersburg' tea
dealer had taken advantage of the English.-
foreigners.— Bentley's Miscellany.
What is in a Maaie.— Thoreis a confound
ed deal in a name; , Yon are at a pji lifts dinner
table. Smith, the grocer v eiiys;. “ llioo is
down, again;” *
“ Is tlioo down again ?” asked, the minis
ter. “ I was in hopes ho had permanently
reformed.”.
“T was speaking of rice'the vegetable,”
replied the grocer.
‘‘Oh, ah, indeed I”, exclaimed the, . minis-:
tor; “and I was speaking of Rice.the ani
mal^--lie! he! ho 1”
"Wool haa advanced,” says adenler iu the
article'.
“ Has ho !” askeda military man ,
way asdio marching, now ?’’ •
“ I wAs'speaking of the wool of the sheep,”
is the reply. ■■
“I beg-your pardoni I supposed' you
were speaking'ot Wool,..the man.”
. “ What is.liiittor worth V /asks some one
at once responds a pnlltioian,, whoso thoughts
iaro wholly engrossed with.party, matters. J
following is said to have passed
in a school down east: - ,
What is the moat northern town in’ the U,
States?
The’Kuril.'Pole,
Who is it inhabited by ? . '
By the Poles; sir..
That’s right. N6w what’s .the moaning.of
the word stoop ?
I ihm’t kuow sir.
.What do I-do when I bond over 1 , thus?
You'scratch yoiir sliins, sir.
What does yimr lather do when ho, sits
down to the table? ;
Ho axes for the brandy bottle. ■'
I don’t mean that. Well, then, what does
your mother do when yem sit.down to the ta
ble ?
She says she will wring our nooks if wo
spill any grease on the floor.
’ID* A country magistrate, noted , for his
love of the pleasure of his table, speaking one
day to his friend, said>:
‘j We. have just been eating a superb tur
key ;. it was excellent—stuffed with truffles
to the neck, tender, delicate, and of high fla
vor ; wo left onlythe. hones.”
“ How- many of them wore you ?” said his
friend.
“ Two, ’’ replied the magistrals.
“Two!” ...
‘ ‘ Yos, the turkey and myself.”
A»r Inisn Idea.— Two l islimen. in the
recent Fredericksburg engagement were gal
lantly standing by,their gnni firing in quick
succession,' when one touching the-piece, no
ticed-tlnit it was very hot.
“ Arrali 1 Mike, .the cannon isgettin’ hot;
we’d better stop firin’ a little.” ,
“Divila bit,” replied Mike; “jist dip
the cartridge in the river afore yeos load,
and Uapo it cool.”
C 27" Can anybody tell us why the
.the-Van AVick Investigation Committee is riot
to bo jound ? A friend of ours tells us that ho
huntod tlinuigh the city a whole day, in hopes
of obtaining a copy, hut without success. We
hear a Turner. that the entire edition has been
suppressed. Where arc the honest patriots
who were so zealous in spreading broadcast
over the country, the report of the Covode
Committee?
CT' The complete reports of the battle of
Murfreesboro, leave no room for doubt that it
was a victory for our side. The rebels may
have .the advantage in the nonihernf prison
ers obtained, hut they have undoubtedly
suffered the grflttost loss in killed and wound
ed, besides hpingobligod to retreat. General
Roseerans has shown hiiiiself to
be worthy of any aßHion in which tlio Gov
ernment has placed him.
B©* It is said that the conservative party
of New Hampshire will make the following
peace proposition a party issue in the coming
election in that State:—An immediate ar
mistice, and a speedy pence; the States to be
reunited, the war expenses of both parties to
bo assumed by the federal government, and
slavery to assume the place which ii held be
fore the breaking out of the rebellion.
O'" A lady refused her lover’s requost’that
she would give him her portrait.
• Ah ! it matters not, ho replied—when
blest with the original who cares for the
copy..
The lady, jjoth ignorant and indignant—l
don’t think myself more original than any
body else. Wo pity her.
O’ lifammn,. said Master Harry, how
fat Amelia has grown 1 1
Yes, replied Ins mamma; but don’t say
fat,' dear; say ‘ stout’. ,
At the dinner table on tho following day
Harry was asked if ho would take any fat.
- No, thank you, said Harry, I’ll take sofne
stout;
SUE, PA ? , THURSMY, JANUARY. 29,1868.
CARL
Inauguration of Gov. Parker,,
"of Jersey. ■ '
GREAT ENTHUSIASM OP THE
.PEQELE.
Trenlftri Crowd®!? with Citizens
All ParfW’ol tlio State.
GRAND' TURNOUT. OF THE MILITARY,
INAUGURAL ADDRESS !JF TUB GOVERNOR.
- The. inauguration of .Governor Parker of
Now Jersey took place »ji Trenton yesterday,
and was, signalized by h'Ac of the grartdst dis
plays that ever ocourreddn the Kingdom of
Camdon and Amboy. /People from all parts
of tlio State thronged yie' capital, and the
milltaryjurnd'l out in-imposing numbers to
honor, the inauguration of a 1 conservative,
constitution loving governor. The scene
witnessed .was altogether novel and interoat-
About eleven o'clock ihe-proccssion, con
sisting of UVelve companies of infantry', two
squadrons of cavalry, tw(i companies of artil-.
lery.and ah. of citizens,
formed in liuo,andvßhatf|y after a salute was
fired, which was th&sigriiil fur the.procession
to move towards the State Jlmlso, which was
thronged in every department. '
■ . Tlio Governor, in passing' the crowd,' was
received with the-wildest,'enthusiasm -by the
people,.
On entering the State llonso ho-was con
ducted to the desk of the President of tho'Sou-'
ate,Whoro the oath of .qfliqo was adminis
tercd to him, and the seal,of the State hand
ed over to'him by Governor Olden,
• After some -religious services ho was escor
ted to the, south part of. the State House,
where, in the presence of a dense mass'd
people, ho, delivered.his inaugural address, as
follows: • i
Genteejien of-the- and GenkiiaeAs
; . sembeivand Ifcnnow'OjrriEENs:— .
Decplyimprossed with, alio vast responsi
bility of the.position to' which I have been
tflcvatcd, I have appeared 'before you and ta
ken the. oaths proscribed}'by. law.. I have
sworn to support the constitution of the Uni-,
ted States. ’ I haVo, also sworn to .bear true
faith and allegiance to they ivernment ostab
iiaheil-.ilv tlie nrLtJioi'Ur r tl\e.
State of blew Jersey, promote. Her peace and
prosperity, and maintain uei- lawful fights.
May- God give ino wiadolu -s’itlly to -compre
.lien J-Lhaobligntloa«.M-bi-ob-theseoa h impose,
and may.l he enabled to perform aright eve
ry official duty.
■ The. Militia Sj/i/cm.'
The constitution, of Nciv'Jersoy . imposes ,
upon the Legislature, the duty of providing
by laiv for enrolling, or organizing and ar
ming the militia. There arc npm onr . stat
ute; hook various hots in reference to the mi
litia, passed at different periods, .and eon
tabling,; among' some excellent provisions,
muoh.tßat.is obsolete or contradictory.. War
has revealed many defects in our present law
Which wore undiscovered in time of peace.—
A thorough revision of the.militia system is
needed. What is weigh doing at all is worth
doing well. It is false economy to expend
money on that which is too deficient'to at-
“ which
tain the object sought, when, by a small ad
ditional expense, the desired result dan be
obtained. The wisest arid,best of statesmen
has said that “a free pooplo ought not only'
to ho armed, but ,disciplined, to which end a
uniform and well digested plan is requisite.”
Wo know not how. soon we may bo involved
in war with foreign Powers, and bo called
upon to defend our-Stato from invasion. The
time has come.when this 1 subject should .en
gage the earnest attention of the Legislature.
■National' Affait-s,
The unity, of our national government has
been threatened, and in ita defence and for
its preservation wo engaged in a war of great
er magnitude than any history records. Our
sons and brothers are engaged in the conflict.
'Every call, on the general government has
been answered; by New Jersey,with volun
teers. Her citizens have exhibited undoubt:
od loyalty. They have suffered and sacri
ficed much. The war, which was promised
aod expected to bo of but short duration, still
continues, apparently increasing in magni
tude and intensity. Under those circumstan
ces it is not only the privilege but the solemn
duly of the citizen, freely to consider the is
sues connected with the war, and discuss the
policy which controls its prosecution.
Slate .Sovereignty and Federal Authority.
The general government is sovereign to the
extent of the powers delegated, while the re
sidue of sovereignty remains with the. States
and the people thereof. sovereignty of
a State is as complete and rbal in its proper
sphere, as is the sovereignty df r the United
States within its sphere. In general lan-
gunge it inny bo snid Unit the United Slates
supervises the external affairs of the people,
in their relation to other nations, while to
the respective States is committed local self
government,, having reference chiefly to the
domestic relations, and including the protec
tion oftho life, liberty and property of the
citizen. It is. the duty of the State, as well
as the duty of the United States, to asorta
and maintain, in a legal and constitutional
manner, their several and anpropriate sover
eignty. It is essential to free government,
that the rights and powers flowing from na
tional or state sovereignty should bo well de
fined and adhered to.
The Constitution the True Guide,
In order to ascertain the dividing line be
tween the powers delegated and the powers
reserved, the constitution of the United
States must be our guide. In that cherished
instrument, the chart of our liberties, the
powers delegated to the general government
are clearly stated. In case of doubt or con
troversy, ns to ijm extent of those poiftrerg,
there is a supremo legal tribunal to which
such questions must bo referred for final de
cision. It was not provided that the consti
tution should ho the supremo law of the land,
only in.time of pence, and that in war there
should bo a power over and above the consti
tution, limited only in extent by individual
opinion and discretion. The is r ved rights
oftho States, and the rights of the people
were to bo* protected at all times, and capo-,
cially in times of discord and angry strife—
when passion often rules the hour, and power
is prone to encroach on law.
Secession a Political Heresy ,
The doctrine of secession is a political her
esy, at variance with the letter and spirit of
satM.
the constitution. The nature of our national
compact negatives the idea that secession is
a reserved right, of the States. Tlio very
language and terms of the constitution nega
tive the idea. ...
No Cause for Revolution
Upon examination of the ordinances and
proceedings of the various (secession) con
ventions, it will bo found, by their own show
ing, that although there had been great pro
vocation, no grievance existed, sufficient to
justify revolution. One of the chief com
plaints was that the-then recent election had
resulted in the triumph of a sectional party,
and that the incoming administration, judg
ing from the antecedents, of-its members,
would' probably violate the constitutional
rights of the,Southern people. . The Presi
dent, although not receiving a majority- of the
popular vote, was nevertheless legally elected,
and.apprehension of prospective unconstitu?
tipnal action oh his part, did hot warrant the
disruption of the govarnment.
Illegal Arrests.
The war how in progress Was,, with unar
nimity, .declared by Congress tq.be waged on
the.part of the. United Slates, not for any
purpose of conquest or subjugation,, over
throwing'or interfering .with the rights of 'es
tablishod institutions of tlio States, but to de
fend and maintain. the supremacy oftho con
stitution, and .to. preserve the Union, with.the
equality and rights Of the several States un
impaired..: This was the only legitimate, pur
pose for which the war could bo prosecuted,
and with this purpose in view, the people of
tho.lojal States responded to.the call of the
government',.'in accepting the st.ern .reality of
war for. the maintenance of the constitution,
they had a right to expect that their own con
stitutional privileges would, bo-respected:;—;
.They .did not expect that in order to.suppross'
rebellion, tlio inalienable liberties -ot loyal
‘citizens must, ho sacrifecd. They did:not ex
pect that tho-constitntidn of the United States
was so impotent that its supremacy could
only ho maintained.by a violation of its pro?,
visions, ;■
■ Citizen's of - this- State have ■ been. seized
without duo process Of law:, without -the op
piirtlurfy of investigation before, a commits
•ting,magistrate without being confronted by
accuser or witnesses, without being informed
of the cause of detention '; .'and,without., in-"
dictment or trial,’-have, been' forcibly taken
hnd qojifincd'as prisoners out oC the State of.
NewiJiwsey., Such action is a violation ql the
rights of the individual. It demands serious.,
consideration. -It concerns every man in the
community. It is the privilege .as well lis
the-solemn duty of a'free-people to inquire
into any claim or power wliioli infringes'n'pon
the well defined guards of personal lihcrlyi.
The constitution oftho'Unitcd Stntos-'firo
vidcs that " no warrant shall issue exceptli(p
on -probable cause, supported by-path ofaffic-.
matiort,” that “no person ahull-bo deprived
ofjiis life,. lihiwty-o , M ir "l*ehty iV-b-b -due iifdc-.
(’ssoriaw," unj ill at “ the accused ; shaU en
joy the right to a speedy and public trial .by
.an impartial - jury of the' State, and dis
trict whore, the ciimo shall ’’-have-'been
committed, and to bo informed of tlio nature
and cause of the accusation, and to be con
fronted by tlio witnesses,against him.”
I’ersona.l Liberty an Absolute •Hight.
I ■ Personal liberty is onep'fthe absolute rights
of man, I;.? protection is- one of the primary
objects iif'government. Under onr .system
oii'nrts of law are established to' fry criminal
offences of every.'grade. The federal anti
State courts, having their defined and proper
jurisdiction, have continually been acoossi-'
hie. ' The law points out (ho mode of pro :
ceeding 1 against the alleged offender, ami
whatever may ho the nature of the crime, the
courts in-Now Jersey, will fairly investigate
the'charge and punish the criminal, if loyally
convicted. If any.citizen of Now .Jersey lie
guilty of the high crime of tioason, let him
ho punished; but his guilt should ho estab
lished by the same judicial means that the
law awards-to the meanest culprit.
The liighls.nf.New.Jcrsey io be Protected,
Whatever legal and constitutional powers
are vested in the Executive of New Jersey,
for the protection of the lawful rights of the
citizens of the State, will bo exorcised du
ring my administration. It. cannot-ho that
those arbitrary'arrests of citizens, without
due process, and imprisonments beyond •'the
Jurisdiction, are legalized by virtue of autlio--
r-ity enmnating from any civil magistrate.—
Neither can-'they bo -justified.because' of any
power flowing from a military : commander ;
for the persons arrested wore not in the mil
itary service,-and therefore not-subject .to'
what ,is termed .military law, and itis a clear
principle that .what is called martial law
cannot rightfully,extend beyond the field of
active operations of the commander.
Habeas Corpus.
But illegal arrests would not Imvo been so
oppressive if the privilege of tbo writ of ha
beas corpus bar! remained inviolate, for in such
case the imprisonment, if unlawful, would
have boon but temporary. The suspension
of that writ caused tbo term of imprisonment
to depend upon tbo will of tbo person w:bo
commanded tbo arrest, jfbore is no doubt
but that tbo writ of 'lmbeds corpus may., bo
suspended in cases of rebellion or invasion if
tbo public safety require ita But it is of vital
importance to. tbo people to know, by wlial
povyer the privilege Of this great writ" can be
suspended, and at whoso will their liberties
are hold. The power to suspend the writ of
habeas corpus exists in.the legislative and
not in the executive branch of government.
Such has,ever been the course of judicial o
pinion both in England and America, incur
national constitution the provision in reference
to the suspension of the writ is enumerated
among the powers delegated to congress.—
Iho representatives, coming from every State
and district and more immediately represent
ing the people, are to decide when public safe
ty requires its suspension.
The Writ Intended to be a Protection Against
Executive Power.
If it had booh intended that this great pow
er over the liberty of millions should bo depos
ited in the breast of one individual, it would
have been so stated in the constitution in ex
press terms. The writ in its origin, was iu
tendsd to relievo from the abuse of executive
power, and'it would be a palpable absurdity
to vest the suspension of its'operation in that
departmentofgovernn eht, the notion of which
it, woe designed to review and restrain. It
is. as much a departure from the constitution,
and almost as dangerous in its tendency, for
one department of government to infringe
upon the province and assume the powers
delegated to another department as it is to
usurp powers that have never passed, from
the people.
The War Power Does not Suspend the Consti
tution.
In the absence of other authority to justify
these arrests, imprisonments and denial of
the writ of habeas corpus, a now power has
been invoked, familiarly called the “war
power” or “ military necessity.’’ It is claimed
that this power overrides all others, and
vests in the executive of a government in
tinio.of war, the right as military command
er, to do, in any part of tlio country, any
thing which ho may think will best subdue
the enemy. Tills power, asclaimod, virtual
ly suspends tiro constitution i i time of war.
It ignores all 1 branches of the government
except the executive. By it Congress can he
susoended. By it every member of Congress
and every judge in the land can be imprison-,
ed, if it bo thought the-hest means to subduo
tlio enemy., By it the Vaults of the bank can
bo entered, and the treasure taken there
from without pledge of payment.or- return, if
liiuney at the time bo considered a “military
necessity.” As this alleged power is limited
only by the will and discretion of him
who exercises it,, there is no conceivable form
of outrage'upon individual rights or public
interests Unit cannot bo. perpetrated under
it.
All legitimate Watt power is subordinate to
tlio -constitution,' Any other doctrine would
give to one man, in time of war, power 00-ex
tensivo •with bis will—or, in other words,'
despotic power. -
The motive with which this power may bo
used are various Suppose the motive good
in one executive, .is there any security
that the motive'of another will be bo .pure ?
Again ; the motive uniy be pure, and vet
there mhy .be a radical error of judgment.
But wo'are not now discussing..motives. . It'
is against the principle w.e_ protest, in the
.name oflbopooplootasovereigii State. Prece
dents are being,established, and_'all-history
warno.us against encroachments of pow
er. . - . - ■ • '
But whatever' may, ho-the motive with
•which it is .exercised,’ 1 .u-mvuthovistsd : power
iloes. not tend to subdue the -enemy. It may
be taken*as-an eslublisbcdpnnciple.'that no
violation.oflaw or assumption of poWer, how
ever good‘tli6 motive, adds strength, to gov-'
eminent.- - Arty apparent.temporary advan
tage will be overcome .by the weakness which
•a general.consciousness-ofipsecurity of rights
necessarily engenders. *• That government
only-Is-, truly strung which keeps within its
constitutional limits.’- The true friends of the.
'government of the United 'States/ who desire
its perpetuity and the' perpetuity of- the Unions
-have therefore regarded the exorcise, of. this
assumed power with great apprehension..
Emancipation Unconstitutional •
-The chief fruit of this “ war power’* is the
emancipation .proclamation ; 'which,- if it be
constitutional, at onco yiehls to the Executive, ‘
.not merely legislative, powers b,ub legislative
powers beyondthoso which Congress can law-,
fully cxcrc-33. It.yields .to. the Executive
alone, what by the constitution, Congress and
tbo-Executive c imbinccl bannob legally do., It
assumes ibata mere edictof an exentive officer
can rh ingc the domes! icrclauonst fcommuvuii
es, and repeal laws.guaranteeing the rights of
in whole ..plates and- districts,
vhkihor that property belong to the loyal or ‘
to the disloyal.'. Not only is the constitution
ality of this measure a proper subject of free
inquiry,' but the policy’of emancipation, if
'Constitutional,', is.,a tlieme which' canm
I bo avoided, This question should becxntaiued,
not only in reference to'our interests but also
in" reference to-the interests, of file 1 race wp
find in servitude 1 We 'should- look at it,
not on'y. vvitii the cyoof reason,- but - with I
the eye id'humanity.
■ The Mdisurc Cntd io Hie Slaves, .
. Has any; man ever satisfactorily answered
tlie question,.- limy (lie, sudden' liberation of
three millions of beings, without property,
without homos, without- education, .industry,
or,enterprise; sufficient to provide for .them
selves , beings, in their present condition,
not self-sustaining,'l'i, .to benefit either the,
white or black race ?■ 'Where are-they to go ?
To colonize such a multitude, oven if a place
could be procured and they would he willing
to emigrate-, • would, involve the nation , in
irretrievable-bankruptcy. Should they wan;
der North, as many fear. and..against which
probability sonic Stalin have already provid
ed, they would be 'under the worst form
of social slavery, and the burthens of taxation
and debt now-upon us, would bo so.incfnased
as seriously to embarrass remote posterity.
Effects Upon Witilc Labor
.'Wo are fold that (bore would’ bo neither
move.nor loss room for labor, and’that if they
should come bore, the white, la borers can cx
exohaugo places with them.-' Are we willing
for such an - exchange ?. , ,Vou.ld cither our or
their condition be improved-?'What then iVlo
become of them ? Does any sane man believe
that two distinct races of men,'of. different
color,, who caiinot by any moans' bobroiigr.it
into social equality—Can 'long exist in , the
same locality, in’ almost ' equal 'numbers,
without cue race, becoming subject to the
other?
Dangers of a Servile War
Are. we to violate the rules of civilized
warfare by inviting and encouraging servile
Insurrection, which; after 'it lias borne its
.hitler fruits ofindiscrlminatc slaughter, must
inevitably end in.- tho. extermination of the
servile nice? Is it humane to subject those
unfortunate beings to this couserpicnc.e ? If
the abolition ol slavery be a necessary, conse
quence of tho war; both races will have to
endure tiro evils which in their present con
dition it would bring on them j" but .to make
emancipation the object of the war would be
to use tho treasure ayd blood of the country
to carry out the political viows which to
a groat extent ..produced the war ; would bo
in bad laith to the nation, and especially to
those who have freely given ot their wealth |
and voluntarily offered their lives to tho gov
ernment, after that government had of Its
own accord pot in record■ that the war was
not tii ho prosecuted for the purpose ol “over
throwing .the established institutions .of the
States.” Onr energies should ho devoted to
a restoration of the Union, and the problem
nfcinancipajion is one to ho solved hereafter
by the people of the States where the institu
tion of slavery exists. To be a benefit oven
to the people.in servitude it should not come
by fire and swordr The institutions of egos,
interwoven with .'society, cannot thus ho
broken up without producing incalculable
misery. If emancipation should ever come,
it will" come so as to he of the greatest benefit
to both races. It, will come as it did in
New Jersey, by (lie voluntary action of the
people of the States whore tho institution ex
ists, peacefully and gradually, and without
the dictation or interference of tho general
government or tho government ofother States,
and without calling on tho ether States
to incur an immense debt, equivalent to a
mortgage on every acre of land within their
limits
The Project of Emancipation Will Prolong
ths War.
Tho project of emancipation, we fear, will
prolong tho war. .Whether intended or not.
like the- unconstitutional creation of new
States it will have tho effect of placing an
obstacle in the way of tho restoration of the
Union, the grout object for which wo phonli]
contend. Wo are told that tho belief that
slavery is the cause of the war, and that the
war can never cease and the life of the nation
bo preserved until slavery bo abolished, baa
led to a departure from the original purposa
of the vvar. This is the radical error of tho
emancipationists. Slavery is no more tho
cause of ' the vvar than gold is the cause
of robbery or murder. With the same pro-,
prioty it might bo said that commerce was
the cause of our last war with Great Britain,
and that . commerce should bo abolished
because the imprbssmentof American seamen,
led men, taking the form of illegal action,
were tho antecedent cause. If men will re
form themselves, keep within the lavy and oh-:
servo constitutional requirements, there’is no
reason why wo should not live together as
harmoniously as our aocestois did in fho
earlier days of the republic. Abolition and
secession are the authors of our calamity,
and abolition is the parent of secession.' To
those who regarded slavery as a sin, and
wore impelled-by a law which they esteem
higher than the constitution to effect emanci
pation at nil hazards, it- would bo ..useless-to
say anything, except that they wore no more
responsible, for tho ovils-incidbnt to slavery
in the Southern States than they wore respon
sible, fur serfdom in the most distant country
in Kurope. They had about as much right,
to interfere in the one case'.ns in the other,
slavery was hero when the constitution was
■formed. Its introduction was not the work of
i duo section alone. The groat and good men of
that day, in framing the, constitution,'recognix,
od it its an existing institution. Its control was
wisely left to the several. States in which,
it .existed. Without this the constitution
never would have been' ratified.'
'Obedience to; law and-conformity to es
tablished human government are divine in
junctions, the violation of which must be
offensive in the sight of God.; ... .
The Lesson and.our Duties.
Ilav.ing defined the nature of oiif system of
government, and examined sonic 61. the ab
sorbing questions connected .with’the rebel
lion in the light of the constifulionV.it re
mains to state the lesson legitimately: to
•be drawn therefrom,' and to consider, briefly
sojnc- of .the.-duties .which devolve- oh ua
in this crisis of our.nation’s historvV. .
• The great lesson'to be donved is, that dis- ■
regard of the rcstraintsof law, disrespect for ■
judicial opinion, iudUrcfonce to tho division
of power in' our system’ of government,- and
the .substitution of individual opinion of righ t
or wrong for the written constitution, Have .
brought upon'the; nation the troubles. that
now threaten its-.dissolution, and-that not .
only must those in rebellion return'to their
allegiance, but all must Tetum''to the ancient
landmarks of their, fathers, if they again would
have tho country linUed and prosperous. _ •
• Our chief duty is to restore the Union of
tlie States. To do this all must control.their
piissious and .'sacrifice their prejudices.' Wo
must, have due regard for the opinions of
others, p.mi not be prone to impnlodisloyalty
to those who entertain, adverse. views as to
questions of policy. Wo cqlm and.
dispassionate, yet firm and decided, in main
taining the right. We must-proteet the law
■ful rights of the, humblest citizen if wc would
bo protected in our own rights. Wo should
respect judicial decisions, and conforra’sfcrict
ly to the requirements of Jaw. Wo should
not.yiolate thejaw because others do] .
.Failure in the proper administration of.n
good government, does.not discharge us from
OU V obligations .16 perpetuate that gbvernm't.'
it should rather increase our exertions to.
bring 1 its rulers back to tiro true principles on.
which, the government was -foundeu—the only
principles upon which 1 it can bo ; successful- '
ly administered. • ' - .
If in retaliation -for tlto unconstitutional
nets of others wo violafo, tlio'constitution our
selves, thou indeed nil .is. lost. We should
eling.to the cling to ; the con
stitution- ns the shipwrecked mariner clings
to the last pjanlc whoa night and the tempest*
close around him.”. • , .
Wo should lake cure that both National
nd State governments confine'their action
within tI)o sphere of their respective powers.
Xlie constitutional demands, of the national
government should-be responded to, whether.
iv peace or'iu war
Conclusion,
Fellow.citizens, is there no way consistent'
with the honur and interests of al! to bring to
an end .tliis'nhnatural strife, w|nch is shed
ding tlio best blood of the land, and Gating
out our substance t There is not a good cit
izen in. the whole country who does not, in
his heart desire pgace. There is not aChrts
.tinn. family .in -the'.whole hind w.hd,\vheQ tlvo ■
•shades. of evening close around,.do riot iri
their devotions, at the- family,.altar-pray for
peace and the. safe and "speedy return of the
long absent one. There is not a soldier, in.
the Northern or Southefn armies who,.as ho
.paces at night his weary round, or lays his
head upon the rude camp pillow, dues not in
imagination visit the fireside at home, and ‘
sigh for peace. AVo should not btTafraid of :
peace—an. honorable and permanent peace,
whether it come by the exorcise of power or -
by, the exercise of conciliation.' It.snoiild be
si peace.on the basis of “ the Unfon as it was”
-—not a Union of States where pare are hold
jn subjugation as conquered provinces, add
ing • nothing to the maternal interests .and
prosperity of, the nation, and 1 onjy fur
nishing, a theatre of.nction for swarms of.nill--
itary officials—but tlm Union of all tho States.
with’.tljeir “ equulfty aiid rights
It should bo a peace founded on tho suipniv
' sion of all to tho rightful authority, qf the
government, and (ho guarantee tr. al| t of their
constitutional rights by tlie government,- Ic
slumM bo a peace bringing with it such unity
a.s will have the constitution for its founda
tion and obedience to, law its.corner stone. •
Gentlemen of the Legislature—it will afford
mo much pleasure to cultivate kindly rela
tions with those composing the other brandi
es of the government.. May we, discarding
ajl selfish considerations, bo 'influenced, by.
love for our country, and may 1 wo severally
perform our duties as God fearing men.
Fellow citizens—With'ninooro gratitude tu
the people of this State for their recent mair
festation of.confidence I enter upon the du
ties of tho high office designate! by their
suffrages. My first duty is now performed.
bnt.l am yet only upon the threshold.- Itru* t'\
that I fully realize the vast responsibility of
the position. Omniscience alone can look
into the-future. I will not attempt to raise
*ho curtain which conceals it from view. In
the next throe years may bo crowded' events
big with tho fate .of our beloved State' and
nation—events that may convulse the world.
e, who may be humble actors in this fear
ful drama, should bo prepared to sacrifice
upon the altar of our country every evil pas
sion and prejudice, and with honest hearts
and good motives perform o,ujv£yvoral. parts,.
looking with faith to Him wjio-holda, nations
in tho hollow of his hand.'
Tho Governor was frequently applauded
during tho delivery of his address, add upon'
its conclusion tho procession of citizens and
and soldiers again formed in lino and escort-'
ed him to his quarters.
NO, 33.