-"~ ’ ■' ■ -—- YOL. 47. AMERICAN VOL UN TEE PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING BY JOfllV B. BUATTOIS. Bubsciption; —Ono Dollar and Fifty Cents, paid In advance;.Two Dollars if paid within the year; and Two Dollars and Fifty Contsj if not jJaid Within the year. Those terms will bo rigidly adhered to in every instance. No subscription discontinued until all arrearages aro paid unless at the option of the Editor. by the cAsii, and not exceeding, ono square, will bo inserted throe times for One Dollar, and twenty-five cents for each additional insertion. Those of a greater length in proportion. , - • . Job-Printing— Such Hand-bills, Posting-bills, Famphlota, Blanks, Labels, - &fc. Ac., executed with accuracy and ut the shortest notice. ftorfiml. TO THE UNION dy jiAnriN’ p. tupeh. Giant aggregate of nations, GloriouS whole of glorious parts, Unto ondloss generations, Live united hands and hearts. Bo it storm or summer weather, Peaceful calm,or battle jar, t Stand in beauteous strength together, ■ Sister States as now yo aro. . Every potty class dissension, • lloal.it up as quick os thought; Every paltry placo pretension, . i Crush it as a thing of naught. Lot no narrow, private feeling . Your great,onward progress bar; But remain in right and reason, - • - Sister States as now yo are. Fling, away absurd ambition, . Ponpjr tbnt toy to kings; Envy, jealously, suspicion iij '.loeVo ouoh grovoUmg things ; In each others joyi, united, • All your hate bo-joys of. war> And by.all means keep united Sister States as - now yo aro; Wpro .I but some scornful stranger) Still my counsel would bo just; - Break the baud, and all is danger. Mutual fcar.and dark distrust;' . -But you know me for a brother, And a friend who’ftpcakS tVdin far; Bo a§ ond then iVith each other Sister - States as now yo are. - , Lo, a peerless ceustolation; . May those stufS far ciublaze; Three and three times throe foldmatiori . Go ahead in power and praise Like the many breasted goddess,, Thryhod on the Ephesian,cur, • Bo one heart in many bodies BUtor States as now yo are. BY OEOIIGE P. srounis. 'Oho bnlmy summer night, Mary,- . «Jusb as tho oroseon( moon Itad thrown aside, her lloocy veil; . Wo left tho gay saloon; And in a groon,.sequestered spot, . Beneath a drooping tree, • Fotid words worp .breathed, by you forgot; That still are dear to moj-Mary; That still aro dour to me. Oh, wo wore happy then, Mary, Thrio lingered on his way, To crowd a lifetime in a night, Wholo ages in a day ! If star and sun would sot and rise .. Thus in our-after years, The world wduld bo apdrhdiso, . And not a vale of tcarsj Mary, And not a vale of tears. I live but in tho past, Jjfary; . ■. Tho glorious days df old I Wheu loyo was hoarded id fcb'o heart) As misers hoard their gold: And often like a bridal train, , To music soft and lo.w, Tho by-gone raontonts cross my brain, In all their siimnier glow> Mary* In all their Suninior gloWs Tiicso froni and fadd> Maryj .; As ago bouloS stealing' on) To bring tho light and IcaVo the shade Of days forever gone } Tho poet's brow may wear at last Tho bays that rourid it fallj But love has rose bud 6 of tho past Far dearot than them all, Mary, Far dearer than them all! Ml'Mtllmnm. THE IRON VAULT. STORV or A SAN FRANCISCO LOCKSMITH, lam a locksmith by trade. My- calling is a strange One; rtnd possesses a certain fascina tion rendering it one (if the most agreeable of pursnits; Many who follow it see nothing in Ijt but labor—think of nothing in it but its re turrls in gold and silver. I'o me it has other •pharins than the money it produces. I am called upon; almost daily; to open doors and peer into long ndgldctod apartments; to spring the stubborn locks of safes, and gloat upon “Casuros piled within, to quietly enter the “fartments of ladies with inord beauty than discretion, and pick thd locks of drawers con; peace-destroying missives that the dan- & 6 h‘the n re o 0 f f r, nde rs. possession of the " ti this ?—no food for speculation—no scope for Q»l!wra- ng A ° f P leaBant fancy ? Then who not be a locksmith, though his face is begrimed with the soot of the forge and his hands are stained with rust ? 8 ’ 8 story either V °f a ***? to . toll - n °t exactly a / eit her for a story implies the comole and minors lhe , of a nnrrative ■tion to one “T the introd “«- * it' im deals in thincs of t ii; In the spring of I^5G into fab business 01 ’ lIT" wor . ked “Wolf closely yeiiodTentored'mrshr^'p a uU- y ’ from beneath a cloak a sma?/Vn a „iS ’to." 8 foquestmpr mo to onon it r pi in V • ■ cnsly constructed,°and I was afen h*' Shuttin(S?P S i IOn ’ bu f of oourso complied;— thn i Kl l ? donr nnd returning to my work afa aV:Sn dre ,T,!' 0 !' V ° ik di^sed « "weei rcßtle,B, e a rin VO tL lma e ,n « d - There was a cheekKJL" In T P d a palior in the ' n a moment niP dof a heartillat ease, and Piarato that of pnty° m ° tlPn f ° r her Jlnd givon Sy air a irto y o°cWlTy n ?-’ raW^t^nqS 1 felt a rebuke in her reply: “Inrequos- TERMS HMRY. “Well, then, if is absolutely necessary for me to explain,” she replied, “I must toll ypd that you are required to piok tho lock of a vault, an(l—” “ You have gone quite far enough, madam, with the explanation,” I interrupted; “I am not at your service.” “As Is4id,” slip continued, “you .are re quired td pjick theloek.of n‘ vdiilf; rfrid rescue from death n man who has been confined there for three days.” “To whom does the vault belong?” I in quired. My. husband,” was the somewhat reluc ;ant reply. “ Then why so' much sdcrqsy 7—or rather, iow came a man in siioli a place'?” “I secreted him there, to escape the obser vation of my husband; He' suspected as much, and closed the door upon hint,; presuming ho had loft the vault and quitted the bouse by the back door, I did not dream, until to-day, that ho was confined' there. Certain’ suspic ious acts of my husband, this afternoon, 1 con vinced mo that the man is there beyond hu man hearing, and .will bo starved to death by my barbarous husband unless immediately rescued. For three days he has not left the j house. X ‘drugged’ him loss than an hour | ago, and ho is now so completely stupifiod that the look may bo picked without his interfe rence. I have searched his pockets, but can not find the key; hence my application to you. Now you know all; will you accompa ny mo?” “ To the end of the world, madam, on such an errand.” V Then prepare yourself; there is a cab waiting at the door.” I was a little surprised, for I had not hoard the sounds of the wheels. , Hastily drawing ‘ ll , a . c °at and providing ray Self with the re quisite implements, I was soon at the door.— iiioro, sure enough, was the cab, with thodri loi in his seat, ready for the mysterious jour ney-.! entered the vehicle, followed by the la dy. As soon as I was seated she produced a heavy handkerchief, which, by the faint light ot a street, lamp, she carefully bound round ting you to close tho door, I had no other ob ject than to escape the attention of passers/'. 1 did not reply, but thoughtfully continued my work-. She resumed— “ That Httle box contains valuable papers, Erivatd papers, and I have lost th'e key, or it as been stolon. I should , not wish to have you remember that I ever came hero op such an errand-,” she continued, with, somd hesita tion, and giving me a look which was no dif ficult matter to 'understand; “ Certainly, madam, if you desire it-. If I cannot forget your, face, I will at least attempt to lose the recollection of ever seeing it here!” The lady bowed' rather coldly at what I con sidered a fine compliment.- and I proceeded with my work, satisfied that a suddenly dis covered partiality for mo had nothing to do with the visit. Having succeeded, after much filing and fitting, in turning the lock, I was seized with a curiosity to get a glimpse at tho precious contents of the" box, and suddenly raising the lid, discovered a bundle of letters and a daguerreotpye, as t slowly passed tho casket to its owner-. She seized it hurriedly, and placing the letters and picture in her [ pocket, locked the bo.x! and drawing the veil over her face, pointed to the door. I opened it, and as she parsed into tho street, she mere ly whispered, “ Remember!” We met again, and I have, been thus particular in describing her visit to the shop, to render probable a sub sequent recognition; About two o’clock one morning, in tho lat ter part of May following, I was awoke by a gentle tap on the window of a little room back, of tho shop, ip which I lodged; Thinking of burglars, I sprang out of bed, and in a' mo ment was at the window, with .a heavy ham mer in_niy hand, which I usually kept at that time within convenient reach of my bedside; “Who’s there?” I inquired,, raising tho hammer and peering out into the darkness— for it was as dark as Egypt when under the curse of Israel’s God. “Hist!” exclaimed the figure stepping in front of the window; “open the door; I have business for you.” “ Rather past business hours, I should say; but who are you ?” - “No one that would harm you,” returned the voice which, I imagined was rather femi nine.for a burglar’s. “Nor no one that.can!" I-replied, rather emphatically, by way of warning, as I tigh tened my grip upon the hammer, and procee ded to the door; I pushed back the bolt, and slowly opening the door, discovered the stran ger already upim the steps; “What do you want?” f abruptly inquired! “I will tell you,” answered the same soft voice, “if you dare open the door wide enough for me to enter.” ° , “ Come in,” said I, resolutely, throwing the door ajar, and proceeding to light a Having succeeded, I turned td examine the visitor; He was a small and neatly dressed gentleman-, with li. heavy Raglan round his shoulders .and a blue, navy cap drawn suspic ioPsly-ovor the eyes. As I advanced toward him,.he seemed to hesitate a moment,.then raised the cap from his forehead, and looked me curiously in the face; I did not drop the candle, but I’acknowledge, to ,a little nervous-' ness as 1 hurriedly placed the light" upon a table, and silently proceeded to invest myself with two or three necessary articles of cloth ing, As the Lord liveth my visitor was a tydy v and tho same for whom' I had opened the little box about a month before.l Having completed my hasty toilet, I attempted to stammer an apology for my rudeness, but ut terly failed. The fact is, I was confounded. Smiling at niy discomfiture, she said, . “ Hisguiso is useless; I presume you recog nize mo ?" . 1 ’ ° believe I told you, madam, I should ndt soon forget your face. In what way can I serve you ?” “ doing half an hour’s wqrk before day light to-morrow and receiving five hundred dollars for your labor,” was the reply. , “It is not ordinary work,’.’ said I, inqui fmgly; “ that commands sd munificent a com pensation.’. 11 It is a labor common to your calling ” re turned the lady. The price is not so much for the labor as the condition under which it must bd performed.” ■ “ And what is the condition?” I inquired. . That you will submit to being conveyed from and returned to your own door; blindfoh ded ” Ideas of murdor, burglary, and almost eve ry other, crime known to vilid.jny; hurriedly presented themselves in succession ns I polite ly bowed and said— “ I must understand something more of the character of tho employment, as well as the conditions, to accept ypdr. offer.” “Will not five hundred dollars answer in lieu of any explanation ?” she inquired. “ No, nor five thousand.” She patted her foot nervously on the floor. I could see sho had placed entirely too low an estimate on my honopty, and I felt some gra tification in being able to convince her of the fact; , ■ my eyes: ,The lady seated herself beside mo, . and the cab started; In half an hou* the ve l hide stopped—in what part of th'o city tam entirely ignorant, as. it was evidently driven , in anything but a direct course from the ; point of starting; i Examining the bandage, to see that my vis ion was completely obscured, the lady handed me the bundle of tools with which I was. pro vided, then taking me by the arm; led me through a gate into a house which I knew was brick, and after taking me along a passage jay that could not have been less than fifty feet in length, and down a flight of stairs into what was evidently an underground base ment, stopped beside a vault, and removed the handkerchief from my eyes. “Here is th 6 fault; open it," said she, springng the door of a dark lantern,, and throwing a beam upon the lock; I seized d bunch of skeleton keys, and after a few trials, which the lady seemed to watch with the most intense anxiety, sprung the bolt; The door swung upon its hinges* and my companion, telling me not to close it, as it was self-locking, sprang into the vault; ' 'I did not follow; I heard the murmur of low voic- 1 os within, and the next moment the lady re": appeared, and leaning upon her arm was a man 1 so pale and haggard that I started at the SJghfr. How he must have suffered during the 1 three. long days of his confinement in that vault! i “ Remain here;” she‘said, handing .mo tho .lantern; “I will be back-in a moment.” The two slowly ascended the stairs, and I .heard them enter immediately above where I was standing; In less than a minute the la dy returned; “Shall I close it, madam ?”'said I, placing my hand upon tho door of the vault. “.No! no I" she exclaimed hastily seizing my arm ; it awaits another occupant!” “IVladame; you certainly do not intend ;o—^ ■” i “Are you ready?” she interrupted, holding > tho handkerchief before my eyes. Tho thought flashed across my mind, that,she in l tended to push mri into the vault and bur.ym<j ,nnd my secret together. . She seemed to read the. suspicion, and continued:, “Dd not be alarmed ; you nre not the man . I could not mistake the truth of the feaffuj meaning of the remark, and I shuddered as I bent my head to the handkerchief; My eyes were as carefully bandaged as before, and I was led to the cab, and thence driven homo i)y a more circuitous route, if possible, than the one by which weeamo. ‘ Arriving in front of the door, the handkerchief was removed* and I stepped from the vehicle. A purse of five hundred dollars was placed in my hand, and in a moment the-cab and its mysterious occupant had turned a corner, and were out of sight: , I entered the shop, and the purse of gold was the only evidence I could summon, in my bewilderment; that all I had just done aritl - witnessed was not a dfoam; A month after that I saw the lady and the ' gentleman, taken Iron! the .-vault, leisurely walking, along Montgomery. street; X do nut knowj. jbut X .believe, the sleeping husband awoke witnip ;that vault, anil his. hones am , there to day! :The wife is still a resident or ban Francisco: . ■ I Dave not Begun to fight ret,’* The above language of the gallent and ■brave Paul Jones, when the British comman der asked if he struck his flag and surrender: ed, are memorable words. Although his deck, was slippery and streaming with tho blood of his gallent drew, his ship was on fire, his guns were nearly every one dismounted, his colors shot away, and his vessel gradually sinking, Paul Jones, with an immortal heroism, con tinued to fight. “Do you surrender?” shout ed the English captain, desirous to prevent further bloodshed, and seeing the colors of the Bon Hemme Richard gone,, supposed that the American hero wanted to surrender. And 'what was, and who can imagine his surprise, to receive in reply to this question the answer, “ I have not begun to fight yet.” . The scene is thus described: There was a lull in the conflictfor an instant, and tho bold est held their breath as Paul Jones, covered with blood and black with powder stains, jumped on a broken gun carriage; waving his sword; exclaimed in tho never to be forgotten words “ 1 have not begun to fightyot.” And the result was that tho battle changed, and. in a few minutes the British ship struck her colors and .surrendered; and Paul Jqnes; leap ing from his own sinking ship; stood upon the deck of the British vessel a conqueror and a’ hero. .What an admirable watchword for the hah tld of life; despair may ask hope' to strike her flag, but planting the foot more firmly, ponding tho hack more readily to the burden imposed, straining the muscles to the utmost tension; bracing the drooping heart lot him who is driven to the wall; exclaim; “ I have not begun to fight yet.” They are words of energy hope' and action; They deserve; they will command success; Id thd darkest hour let thorn ring out and forget-the past, the years wasted and, gone by and give them as an inaugural address of a new era. When tho misfortunes of life gather too closely y°er battle cry go forth from the thickest of the conflict, “ I have not begun to PS'.'J vet,” and you will find your fees flee u)n hcuui’o the now strength imparted, and yielding tho vantage ground ah you press for ward in tho battle strife. Brief History op Fort Moultrie. —Fort Moultrje is named in honor of. Gen. William Moultrie, .one of. the bravest patriots in the American Revolution, who gained a memora ble victory atthe fortress over aßritish squad ron; Jiino 28,1776/ Moultrie was a native of South Carolina, and of Scottish descent. Ho early espoused the cause of American inde pendence, and in March, 1770, was ordered to construct a, fort on Sullivan Inland, 1 at the mouth of Charleston harbor, and wasongaged in the work when the British fleet appeared off the* coast., Ho was advised to abandon, the fortress, as General Lob, his superior officer, declared it was rio better than a " Slaughter pen.” But. Moultrie had faith in his own arid defended the fort with great skill add vftW. firid drove away the enemy* One British ship was lost, and two others were so riddled as to have almost become wrecks/ riGUTiNQ in Debt. —“ I musj confess,” says n philosophical English historian, “when (I. see princes and States fighting and quar reling amidst their debts, funds and public mortgages, it always brings to my mind n match of cudgel playing, fought in a china shop." CT” “I’m afraid,” said a lady to her hus band, “that I’m going to have a stiff nook.”. “ Not at all improbable” my dear,” replied tho spouse, “I’ve seen strong symptoms of it over since wo wore first married." Cy* Will you have mo ? said a younir man to a modest little girl. ‘ No John, said she, ‘ but you may hare mo* if you will.' “OUR COUNTRY-MAT IT ALWAYS BSjBIQHT-BUT, RIGHT OR WRONG, OUR COUNTRY.” CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY, JANUARY 31, 1861. “ Big John die one of these days. He go up to heaven—knock at the gate; Peter say, ‘ Who knock at .the gates of heaven ?’ ‘ Big John.’ ‘John, you pay for that whisky, you stole?’ ‘Yes.’ the receipt under tho gate, John;’ Tiftn Big John have to go hunt all though hell to find Judge Johnson and get a receipt;" Not at HostE.-VOf all fashion’s follies, the one oftenest repcljted, and the most senseless, is the “ not at noble” lie put into the mouth of the- servant thatTibswors the door-bell, by the mistress of the house, when the latter is not in full dress, or.jnot inclined to see the caller. The first instance.of this white lie was when the fugitive Sisera; in. his flight; accepted a shelter in the lerifbf Jael; He said unto her • “ Stand in the dopr of the tent; and it shall be when any man doth pome and inquire of thee; and say; Is there any mad here \ that thou sbalt say; No!’’ .To the credit of that sex,, which how-a-days has the reputation of oftenest indulging in this fashionable folly, be it said that it.did.uot originate with woman, for Jael would not obey thd request; and act tually nailed her guest to the ground, either because he wanted bor to tell a lie, or from some other cause. , Scott, in his Commenta ries on the subj.odt, says that the French send word that they “. frre/not visible.’’ If Scott had lived in our day, he need not have sent to Franco to ascertain what word is proper to send to the dooV yyhe'n company cannot be re ceived. Every tfi|e American woman would have told him tli:U all that is necessary to an swer, with truth and politeness, is to say that the mistress ,ys .engaged.” So thinks the. Cleveland HeriCtd. , ' ’ ’i How tiiev; IdjVß.—iiho Now York corres •prindPnt of : ele. | - tba{/ Gov; Raymond, wBo is eminently a social man, lives unostentatiously in a handsome double house .ufi town; well furnished, choicely adorned, arid elegantly beautiful. His libra ry, for which hd has an especial weakness, is one of the finest on the continent, and all of the comforts Whiofl.tdstd can suggest or mon ey furnish; are provided at his hospitable dwelling. Mr. Greeley, who id eminently not a social man, hoards at the Everett House in dismal solitude; whild hjs bettor half and their mutual pledges of .aflbclioii spend their time iri Europe: Mr: Bennett lives regally, sumptuously, and , spendidjy, at Washington Heights. The Wold man;”‘as he is irrever ently called by thd boys in his office, has very many good points about him; Keen, shrewd; kind, gonial, liberal, enterprising, ambitious; and strong, ho may well defy the the attacks of jealous rivals or the stabs of malice: The , Bishah Abbey,— At this place there is preserved a picture of Lady Hobby, (sister io Lady Bacon and Lady Burleigh,) with a very white face and hands, dressed in coif,* weeds and wimple,(then allowed to a baronet’s widow. In this dress she is still supposed to haunt a bod room,'where she appears with a i self-supported basin moving before her, in which she is perpetually trying to wash her hands ; but it is remarkable that the appari tion is always in the negative, the black part [ white, the white black. , The legend is that, because her child, William Hcbby, could not write without making blots, she beat him to death; It is remarkable that twenty years ago, in altering the window-shutter, a quan tity of children’s copy-books, of the time of Elizabeth; were discovered pushed into the rubble between the joists of the floor, and that one of these' was a copy-book which answered exactly to thd story;, .Mveciiing Strawberries with Straw. W. Petrie, of Pittsburg, states that the best mulching for strawberries is cut straw. It keeps the berries perfectly olqiin; and if put on thick enough; it Will keep down the weeds, keep the ground moist, and prevent the run ners from catching.: He hauls the straw but to the field in bundles* and takes a good straw cutter along; with twb men to cdt the’ straw and two boys to carry-it in baskets. The straw should be cut short—the shorter the bettor—and spread On top of the plants quite thick, and the rains and the winu will work it down under the leaves, and the fruit stems will shoot above the straw. The mulching should be done just before the fruit stems shoot. . ■ A Now Jersey flourist recommends brick-dust ns the best material in which to propagate cuttings of flouring plants. He says: “My material is brick dust—the refuse of the kiln after burning—or what mav be inode by taking soft bricks and pounding them up. Enough may be had at any brick yard for a more' trifle to last a great while;-; but I think tlio fresher it is the better. For thpse plrints rrinrCLdifficult to root, such as di aphenos, heaths,- cape josatriinea, &0., I, fill shallow cutting plots.entirely with brick dust; b®* l oept about an inch at the bottom, which is filled with course lumps of brick,- to secure a good drainage,) Eof plants that .root moat easily, I use half brick dust and half sandy loam. It is quite surprising how much more certainly and quickly cuttings of all sorts root in brick dust thiin in sand or in loamy soil in the common way; \!0“ The question is often discussed, whoth or the savages enjoy life. Wo suppose thov do, as they always seem anxious to take it; when they get a chance, EC7* A young man while endeavoring to car ry out a plan, fell down and was seriously in jured on a projecting point of time. i BQyA Yankee says that prodjudioe against color is very natural, and yet the prettiest girl ho ever knew was Oliva Brown. J . Jlndfan Anecdote. , Years agif, when the copper faced natives , had mingled the whites just long enough , to confuse; theii- ideas .of propriety, when Judge Johnson; hold court on the hanks of the . Mohawlr, Big .John, a prince of the royal fam ily of Kiniokiniok; was arraigned; tried and ; convicted larceny of a jug of firewater. According to'ths laws in operation at that ro mantic period; Big John was sentenced to pay a fine: of five.dothirh which' was duly forked over.. Whereupon thb aboriginal culprit was informed that he,'was at liberty to go; John gathered hir .blanket around him and ap proached the judge, and demanded a receipt for his five dollars; ; “ There’s uo qocasion for a receipt, John;’’ said the JudgoiJ'you’ll never bo called on to pay it again;”- “Ugh.l steal whisky—pay five dollars—wanted pi receipt;" ■ “ Wo don’t gtyb receipts here, John.’’ But the son Of thb forest was not to bo cheated. He bored the clerk, sheriff, and every one connected with the court, until the Judge oonelndid*co give him a receipt to get : rid of him. He called him up to the oenoh, - and said ; ; ’ “John, if you tell me what you want with ' a receipt, I’ll give you one.” 1 Upon whichitfia red man delivered himself i as follows: ' .-If r ■' ■ EEV. JOHN CHAMBERS’ SERMON; The Presbyterian church, comer of Broad and Sansom streets, was crowded to overflow it” Four for opening the exercises on the 4th mst., (the day set aside for humilia tion and prayer.) Every .seat on the main floor and in the galleries had its occupant, and there were many persons standing. The pastor, Kev. John Chambers, occupied the pulpit, and preached from the subjoined text, found in the seventh chapter of • Jere miah: , “ The word that came to Jeremiah, saying, . Stand in' the gate of the Lord’s house, and proclaim there this word, and say, Hear the word of the Lord, all y e of Judah, that enter in at those gates to worship the Lord'. ‘Thus said the lord of hosts, the God of Israel; Amend your ways and your doings, an ..m, W iU oause y° u .dwell in this place; m Ust ? ou ? ot ’ n iy'DS words, saying, The Temple of the Lord', the Temple are these: 1 . . “ For if yon thoroughly amend your ways and your doings; if ,yo thoroughly execute judgment between a man and his neighbor; “If ye oppress not a stranger, the father less and the widow, and shed not innocent blood in this place, neither walk after false gods to your hurt: “Then will • I cause you' to dwell in this place, in the land that I gave to your fathers, forever and ever/’—Yorses 1-7. The speaker, after announcing the text, and dwelling on its emphatic clauses, said that it become the minister of the Gospel at this.pe riod, to stand in this great Western gate—■ this temple of the Lord—this refuge of the oppressed of all nations, and utter the words of the Lord in warning to the people. He (the speaker,) believed that wo stood on the very brink of a civil* war: The ideamightbe laughed at, but this was no time to laugh “ fools make a. mock at sin,” but it becomes us to look with solemnity at this grave mattef —this probability of a civil war in a country where men scarcely know what fear means. He then proceeded to show what, in view of the crisis, a minister ought to preach to our Amer ican Israel, with its thirty-four tribes. The messenger of the Lord ought to tell the peo ple of their ways, and beseech them to amend theni as the Lord saith; We thought the cause of out present peril in unauthorized re ligious teachings; in the pharasaism which arrogates to itself all the virtue of the land; and in.the corrupt and enigmatical evigencies of portions of the Holy Scriptures; , The spfehkfer thought God spoke to us to-diiy in behalf , of justice, and called upon us to amend olir blood-shedding ways, our ways of oppression, ahd all other, sins of National magnitude as committed by States; cities, towns or townships.* For, he affirmed, every command of the Decalogue is this day violat ed in every State, city, borough and even township of the confederacy; The speaker then took up the Ten Com- one by one, and showed the guilt of the people. How wo .Americans worship, other gods than the True God; how profanity 1 and blasphemy are rife; how. 1 the Sabbath.isJ -broken; -how Amerioc.’’ .'refuses' due,! honor, to parents andrthe agod;*how murder’ stalks abroad, all over the country; how (if we may believe what we say of each other,) we are but little bettor than a nation of hieves ; how false witness is borne againai our neighbor I Yes, said the speaker, jii present there is almost a premium, offered for the man who will abuse and malign the Pres ident of the United States and other high of i officials. The press teems with false witness | I against our neighbors, and the newspapers - would lose more than half their circulation if they would tell nothing but the truth;' The speaker next shorted how bribery and Corrup tion abound; to the defeat of justice j how divorces are granted oh unsoriptural and adulterous grounds, arid he had boon told that the price of a divorce was now only twenty dollars 1 ,: The institution bf slavery has beeri blamed with most of. the evils that afflict the land, but the speaker did not agree in the opinion that slavery was the damning sin it was called. There were evils in other instituti&ris divinely created, (marriage, for instance,) but the speaker thought it exceedingly inconsistent for the opponents of slavery to bo willing that it-should exist in the'old States and be kept out of the Territories. This was absurd; If slavery whs wrong, it ought to be crushed out, just like drunkenness or any other sin. The morality of this notion of “ walling in” slave ry was very singular. » Mr. Chambers discussed the other sins bf our country, and argued that we talk too much about our rights and not enough about our duties. Ho thought free speech and a free press had their limits; Within these limits they were a good thing. In closing, ho affec tionately appealed to his hearers to heed the words of the Lord if they would purge them selves of sin and save their country. A Comet and a Panic'.— ln the year 1712, Whiston predicted that the comet would ap pear on Wednesday, 14 October, at five min utes after five in the morning, and that the world would bo destroyed by fire on the Fri day following. His reputation was high, and the comet appeared. A number of persons got into boats and barges on the Thames, thinking the water the safest place. South Sea and India stock fell; A captain of a Dutch ship throw all his powder into the river, that the ship might not bo endangered! At noon, after the comet had appeared, it is said that more than one hundred clergymen wore ferried over to. Lambeth, to request that proper prayer's might be prepared, there be ing none in the , church service. People be lieved that the day of judgment was at hand, and some acted on this belief, more as if some temporary evil was expected. There was a prodigious run on the bank, and Sir Gilbert Heathcote, at that time the head director, is sued orders to all the fire oißc.ers in London, requiring them to keep a good lodk out, and" have a particular eye upon the Bank of Eng land. ° Todacco for Disease of tIIk Throat.— The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal makes the following observations in a review of Sir Benjamin Brodie’s letter iri the London Times on the ‘'Use and Abuse of Tobacco:” “ There is a local effect of tobacco, .when | smoked, which wo have not seen mentioned, nt)d which, ip a therapeutical aspect.- may bo of considerable importance; wq refer to .its action in preventing that peculiar condition of the throat which, if nogl.ecfe'd, is liable to terminate in follicular inflairiation,' or what is properly Known ns clergyman's sore throat. It has been said that few, if any, instances of this affection can ho found to exist in those in the habit of smoking, and wo know of one or two instances whoro it yielded at onoo to the potent influence of tobacco. It probably acts , by allaying commencing irritation, which, if I allowed to increase, would end in inflama tion; and, perhaps, by counteracting any spasmotio condition of the surrounding mus ojos—a very natural source of trouble in this distressing disease.” Cross-Breeding of Animals; The following remarks on the above much mooted point, upon which a great deal of ink has been wasted, are from the pen of an En glish writer, well pasted up, and candid and fearless in the expression of his opinions.—' After a survey of the whole question, he re marks : • > We cannot do bettor, in concluding our pa per,.than gather and arrange in.a collected torm, the various points of our subject, which appear to be of sufficient importance to be again presented to the attention of our read ers. ■ Wo think, therefore, we are justified in coming to the conclusions: Ist; That there is a direct pecuniary ad van tago. in judicious cross-breeding; that incroas eTsizo; disposition to fatten, and early matu rity. are thereby induced. 2d. That white this may be caused for the most part by th'q Very fact of crossing, yet it is principally dub to the superior influence of the male oyer the size and external appear ance of .the offspring;. so that it is desirable, for the purpose Of the butcher, that the unale should be of a larger frame thati the female, and should excel in those peculiarities wo are desirous of reproducing; Let it be here, how ever; repeated, as an exceptional truth, that though as a; rule the maid, parent influences mostly the size and external form; and the fe male parent the constitution, generally health and vital powers, yet that the opposite, result sometimes takes place; 3d; Certain peculiarities may be imparted to a breed by a single cross.. Thus; the ponies of the Now-Forest exhibit characteristics of blood, although, it is many years since that a thorough bred horse was turned into the for est for the purpose. So, likewise; we observe in the Hampshire sheep the Homan nose and large heads, which formed so strong a feature in their maternal ancestors, although succes sive of the Southdown were em ployed to chan go the character of the brbed; It has been asserted by some observers, that when a female breeds successively from sever al different males,, the offspring often bears a Strong resemblance to the first male, which is 3osod td aHsd fWmi certain impressions ) on the imagination or nervous system of the .female: Although this is sometimes or often the case; wd doubt very much whether it is so frequent as to be considered as d rule. 4th. Although in the crossing ,of sheep for the purpose of the butcher, it is generally ad visable to usd males of a larger farded, provi ded they possessed dispositioti to fatten ; yet, in. such cases, it is of importance that the peL vis, of the female should bo wide and capac ious, sd that no injury should arise in lamb ing,an consequence of the increased size of the heads of the lambs’. The shape of the ram’s head should be studied for the same reason.-' In crossing, however, for the purpose of estab lishing a new breed, the size of the give way to other more important considera : turns;-although it Willstill.bedesirable to use a large female of the breed which wd seek to | improve. Thus the Southdowns havd vastly .improved the larger' Hampshires; arid-the fLiCeostcri tbo hugerytiiicolnatand the Cots woldsi ; .y , sth. Although the benefits are most evident m the first cross, after which, from pairing the cross bred animals, the defect of one breed or the other, or the incongruities of both, are perpetually breaking out—yet; unless the characteristics and -conformation of the two breeds are altogether averse to each other, na ture opposes no barrier to their successful ad mixture; so that in the course of time, by the aid of, selection and careful weeding, it is practicable to establish a now breed altogeth er. This, in fact, has beeii the history of our principal broods.’ ’ ' ' • i II o confess that we cannot entirely admit cither of the antagonistic doctrines heldby the rival advocates of crossing ancj puro breeding, Iho public have reiison Jo be grateful to the exertions of either party; and still ilioro have they respectively reason to be grateful to cad other.' Let us conclude. by repeating the advice that, when, equal qdyantagos can bo attained by keeping it pure breed </f sheep, such pure breed should Unquestionably bo preferred; and that, although crossing for the purpose of the butcher may be practiced with impurii ty, and.eyen with advantage, ypt no.oneshould del do fot - the purpose of establishing a now breed, unless he has clear and well defined views of the object he seeks to accomplish, and has duly studied the principles on which it can bo earned out, and is determined to bestow for the space of half a lifetime his constant and unremitting attention to the discovery and re moval of defects; Predictions fob. the New Teab The year 1861 will bo a very eventful one to every maiden who gets married. Ihroughout the whole course of the year, whenever the moon wanes the nights will grow dark. If dandies wear their beards there will be loss work for barbers. lie who wears his moustaches will have something to sneeze Whbever is in lovo this year will think his ILn angel. Whoever gets married will find-out whether it bn true. If a young lady should happen to blush, she will look red ip the face.' If she dreams of a young man three nights in succession, it will bo a sign of something. If she dreaihs of him four times, or have the toothache, it is ton to one that she is a long time getting eith er of them out of her head; , , IfVany one jurapspverboard without know ing how; to swim, it is two to one he gets drowned; If any one lends an umbrella, it is ten to one he is obliged to go home in the rain for his pains. , Whosoever runs in debt this year will bo dunned; Many an old Sinper will resolve to turn over a now leaf this year, hut tho new leaf will turn out blank. I It is probable that if there is no business I doing,, people will complain of hard times, f/irt it is certain that those that hang them selves will escape starving to death; He that bites off his own nose, or turns pol itician, will act like a fool, and this is this most certain of all; Keeping Fabji'Accodnts. —Wo were much interested recently in looking over the farm book of a friend, which was Ed kept as to ena hlo him to calculate the expense of growing the different crops upon the farm; The cost o? manure, cultivation, seed, harvesting and marketing, as well as rent and taxes, was set on against the value of the product as sold or consumed upon the farm; and it was to be seen at a glance what paid host and what least, and where in one case $lO expended in manuring half a field, gave a return of. 150 per cent, upon the outlay. Such information is not only interesting, but important to eve ry farmer, and can be, secured at the trifling trouble of “ kcopingan account with thefarm,” ' Country Gentleman.' anb £7“ Good—sleighing oh Friday last. ID” Lola Mohtez, the great singer is dead. DD” Go ahead is a good motto—look ahead is ttnotherl ID" The real victim of a coquette is the man she marries. . ID” A mother’s purity refines a child's heart and manners. ID* Caro.—Care keeps watch in every old man's eyes. ID” Conceit.—Conceit in weakest bodies Strongest lies. Hope,.—The miserable have no other medicine but hope. O’ Dreams.—Let not our babbling dream affright our souls! O’ .When is a pugilist’s eye like a eider barrel? When it, is bunged up. ICT” Mrs. Lincoln, the wife of the President elect, has arrived at New York. O' Man.—Lord, we know, what .wo are, bUt know not what we may be'. . [O' Mr, McLane, late U, S, Minister to Mexico, has arrived in Washington. ' O’ An, avaricious than is like a serpent wishing to swallow an elephant! O' Afflictions are God’s whetstone; they they put a new edge upoh old principles! O' Any fool can make a woman talk, but it requires a very clever man to make her lis ten; ‘ , , . ■ O’Short as life is, some find it long enough to outlive their characters; their coustiiutions and their estates. - O* He who tries on his first pair of skates, presents to the public eye a strange blending of fall and winter! ' O” We think that l a man carries the bor rowing principle a trifle too far when he asks us to lend him our ears! O’ There’s a man down east who is so fat the women make all their soap from the re flection of his shadow. C 7" Jet black eyes are an attraction; jet black hair ditto; but jet black finger noils should bo strenuously avoided. O* “ I say, I?at, are you asleep?” “Darn the sleep?” “Then be afther leadin'mb a qunrtherl” “ I’m asleep, bo jabersl” Id? - A flirt is like the dipper attached to a hydrant, every one is at liberty to drink from it, but no, one desires to carry it away; ICT'.A person yds dsked why he had given his daughter in marriage to a man with whom ho was at enmity, answered: “ I did it out of pure revenge.” It/* Give the' devil his due. Certainly, c.ays a contemporary; but it is better to have . no dealings- with the devil, and fheti thettP' 7 wul be nothing due him.'’ . : ot7“ A selectman of the town of Hatfield, after Making out his biU for sendees rendered, mates- this very sensible additional charge : “To time spent making out the above lull' fifty cents.” ’ C 7” “ What do you ask for .-that article 7” inquired Obndiah of a young Miss. “Fifteen shillings.’"- “Ain’t you a littledear *” “Why,” she replied, blushing, “all the young men tell me so;" , O” The Great Salt Eakq lies .St an eleva tion of .4j200 feet above the level of the sea; and is 70 Miles long; When its welters evapr orate,’ they leave a deposit of about two inches thick of saline matter. Small Pox in Montreal.— The, small pox is prevalent in Montreal to an unusual extent. In some circles it is. creating something like a panic, and a largo number of persons are becoming re-vaccinated. IE? - “ Say, Cuffy, why don’t you contej,t() see a feller. If I lib as close as you do tome, I’d come to see you ebry day."' “0, ’cause my wife patch my trousorloons so all to pie ces, I too shamed to go nowhar;" K C 7” An Irishman was challenged to figh't d duel, but declined on the ground that ho did no wish to leave his pula mother an orph an., lie Would be a “ brave soldier boy” to send to South Carolina; wouldn’t he # O’ An old Count paid his addresses to one of the richest heiresses of Paris; On asking her hand in Marriage, he frankly skid to tier: “Miss 8.,T am very old, and you are very young; will you do me the honor to become my widow ?" , O’ The degrees of crime are thus defined: He who steals a million is only a financier. Who steals half a million is only defaulter.’ Who steals a hundred thousand is a rogue.’ Who steals fifty thousand is a knave.' Blit ho who steals a pair of boots or a loaf of bread is a scoundrel of the deepest dye, and deserves to bo lynched. ' O’ A lady of Boston, Massachusetts, writ ing to a friend, says: “ A ragged little urchin came to my door not long since, asking for old clothes. I bought hiM'ft test and pair of pants, which I thought would he ft comforta ble fit. Young America took the garments and examined each, then; with it disconsolate look, said: ‘ There ain’t no watch pocket I" 1 o> fir'E Kino or PaossrA.—Fredo / rick William IF, King of Prussia, is dead; I As a sovereign, ho has been virtually dead I for more than two years, his mental malady / having been pronounced incurable madness in 1858. On the 23d of October, 1858, his brother William took the reins of government, as Prince Regent, and now succeeds' to the throne as King, | A SuioirtAß Coincidence. —lt is a siiigii lar historical coincidence that the grandfather of Major Robert Anderson, qf then. S. Army, now commanding in Charleston, was an offi cer ,in the American linos at the seige of Charleston, in 1780, by the British, when it was captured by Cornwallis,, their command er. Eighty-one years, have passed.away, and the town which tho grahdfatnor fought to save is now in arms against the grandson; QZ/” The latest invention is (in instrument to prevent poultry from scratching up the gar dens. It is something like a long spilr; at tached to the hind part, of a rooster’s leg; The instrument is so .arranged that when the fowl is about to scratch the earth, the spur catches in tho ground before tho foot hasfair ly descended, and obliges it to bring its foot down,quietly and harmlessly in front,of the place whore it aimed at. The fowl thereupon tries the other foot with (v like,result. It keeps on trying, and before it is aware of it; the machine has walked' it right but of the garden.' m. u .
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers