AMERICAN VOLUNTEER. Vbmmhed ever? inbRSDAT MORNING BY John B. Bratton. TEEMS. - WnnirmimoK, —Ono Dollar and Fifty Cents, advance, Two Dollars if paid within the vear* and Two Dollars and Fifty Cents, if not Said withihdlm year. Those terms will bo rig idly adhered to in every instance. No sub scription discontinued until all arrearages are paid unless at the option of the Editor. Advertisements— Accompanied by the cash, and not exceeding ono square,-will be inserted throe times for Ono Dollar, and twenty-five cents <or each additional insertion. Those of a great tor length in proportion. . Job-Printing —Such as Iland-bills, Posting bills, Pamphlets, Blanks, Labels, &c., &c., exe cuted with, accuracy and at the shortest notice. The Montgomery Amendment DISCUSSION IN THE SENATE. Friday, April 2</, 1858, on flic motion hcon-cpn ' car in Ihe amendment of ikn-Bouse of Repre sentatives to .the hill to admit Kansas into the Union, - - Remarks of Hon. Win. Bigler. Mil. Bigleu. Mr. President, I. am not pre pared to vote on this question without first submitting a few remarks explanatory of the views which I entertain. Ido not intend to de lay the Senate by nn attempt at an argument, at length, against the House amendment: I shall be content to slate, very briefly, some of the points which I think involve conclusive ob jections tothe measure. In the first place, the adoption of this amend ment involves nn utter and violent abandon ment of-the doctrine of non-intervention. :It ipresents the broad question, whether a doctrine 'which the party to which I belong have cher ished ; a doctrine vvhich is found in the organic Taw of Kansas, and which was enunciated in ■the democrat platform at Cincinnati, is to be ’abandoned, and we-are to look, for some other isystem of legislation with regard to theTorrito irics. .... . " I had'hoped, sir," when the wise men of the 'country, with Clay, arid Webster, and, 1 Casa in the lead,- presented and adopted this new mode of settling (he slavery question—the enlarged and liberal doctrine that when the people of the . Territories were prepared for admission as Stales, they should come, in with or without slavery, as the constitution presented by them might provide at the time—it would have pro ven a finality. In the liberal doctrines main tained by the democratic party, that the people of the several States may go into the Territories with whatsoever property they possess, inclu ding slaves, and when there, and when about to organize a government, preparatory to ad mission as a State, on terms of perfect equality with the other States, being left perfectly free not only as to the kind of government they will have, but as to the mode and manner of making it. thad hoped we were to find a pimple and satisfactory solution of this unhappy difficulty which seems to arise on the application of each State for admission. ’ When this doctrine was proclaimed it-Whs at variance with and superseded the former prac tice of the government: hut it was one which commended itself to the judgment and patriots Ism of the’peoplc. It was a proposition to set-, tic the controyersey about, slavery upon- high . prineiplerr-saered ‘ principle; a principle that Was co extensive in its operation with the entire Country, with all Territories we possessed then, or even can possess, apd as imperishable as the government itself, equal; to every emergency that may arise. An, essential element in that doctrine is. that Congress. shall not- interfere with the domestic affairs of the Territories; that as to the mode and manner-of making a govern ment, tile people of the Territories shonld ho unrestrained ; that Congress would decide on ly upon the question of admission under the obligations of the constitution, and that would be on the single point whether the government presented was republican in form, and not as W the mode of. making the' constitution—leav ing that workwiththo people. . I had hoped that,.we were about to witness a beautiful illustration of the wisdom of, this doctrine, by the admission , of two Slates,'the one slave and the other free, under this princi ple.- Thus its beauties would be illustrated and illuminated : arid I tell you, Mr. President, that .in my humble judgment, no act of Congress .will go further toward restoring those relations of fraternal feelings which in the younger and purer days of tho republic existed between the people of its extremities, than the consumma tion of such a work. Nothing, in my hmribic judgment, would tend more to give peace to this great ediiritry ; to promote its future pro gress and prosperity, to give prosperity and peace lo the people of tho various Territories.- Sir, that is the doctrine of the democratic par ty, held by them because it is consistent with the constitution—consistent with the true inter ests of this great country, and with the rights of all classes of the people, and all sections of the Union. . Now. sir, I regard the House proposition ns direct and violent intervention, because it pro poses to discard what the people have done and •to institute a new mode of proceeding. Tt pro poses to set aside what the people of Kansas have done in the way of changing their govern ment from a territorial to a State form, and to prescribe to them hp'w they shall proceed here after ..in making a government. I wish to mark the distinction between a case.where tho, people ivii'dtory have not acted at all, and espec • rally v?here a Territory may .not; possess the' ■ usual population for a. State where their,powers have rested in obeyancp, and where Congress .volunteers to offer to’those such an invitation to ■ come into the Union. That we did in 1856 to' the people of Kansas under' the Toombs bill.— They could hardly ' presume, with thepopula tion which they thpn possessed, that they Would be adtriitted as a State.;' Congress extended an invitation to them, they having taken no proper legal action on the subject, this different now They have acted ; they have presented them selves with a republican, form' of government, ■ which’has come up to us through legal chan nels and regular steps. They have exercised •the power which you gave them in the organic daw, when you said, their legislative power should* extend over all the rightful subjects of ■legislation, and that the people should he left perfectly free to form‘and regulate, their domes tic institutions in their own way. Blit, Mr. President, if it were allowable on principle for Congress to remand to the people this government-which they have sent here, and ■ insist upona revision of what they have done, •I could riot agree to the mode and-manner pro scribed in the. House bill. The objections I "make ought to bo more specially- unpleasant to those who have opposed the admission of Kansas under the Lecompton constitution than to those who have-favored it; and why so ? . Because the people are required to vote under a . form which deprives the frec-State party of a fair opportunity to exercise their will. In the ; early part of this discussion, much was made . put of the form of voting presented by the Le r Compton Convention. It was said to b.o unfair. It was said that the elector, in order to vote for or against slavery, was bound to vote for or against the constitution; that those, therefore, who were not for that constitution, had no op: portunity of voting on the slavery question..— I do not care now to inquire whether that view wag correct and allowable or not; but Ido say that the presentation of the question, os propos ed in this amendment, would be liable to quite as conclusive objections as the mode of voting by the Lecompton convention.— What is tho form ? It reads thus: “At tho said election tho vote shall bo by ballot, and'by endorsing on his ballot, as each voter may please, ‘for the constitution ’ or ‘against tho constitution.’” That form you perceive, sir. would not pre sent to the people of Kansas tho great question at issue there, the question which has agitated tpo country from one extremity to theother.-to wit : whether Kansas shall.be a free or a slave estate. Slavery is in tho constitution as it stands, and tho question thus presented'would . . , . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . • " . .. 5 : , • - :i. , "st , • ~ I . -",- %.:1' .. ": "•- • - 2 1 ::.-'. •: - '... : 7,• .. ~ . 11 ...... 1 ~ • . ... . . ~• '.;:i .` • • ! ; 3, -,- •.;.‹. •t, - • 1 L. .., . .• BY JOHN B. BRATTON. VOL. 44. bo, whether they would have a Slave State or no measure—features which can be used with great State at all. Those who desire it to be a free' effect before the populace. It may be alleged Slate would have no fair opportunity of carry- that we have voted against a bill which was.to ing out their will. -They are to-Jie disfranchis- give the people, the right to vote on their consti ed on this vote. They can have lio voice.— tution. That would bo true, to some extent; Now, sir, if this measure is to be adopted, the but I answer that I hold a still more liberal form of voting ought to bo such as would give doctrine towards the people of Kansas ; I hold those people the opportunity of deciding, unem- that they can make a Constitution in any way barrassed, the question of slavery which has they please ; making it according to law and harassed them, from the first hour of their or- in regular form. I would give to the people of ganization. Look at the practical workings of Kansas that measure of right which those whom the proposition. An elector presents himself at I represent here exercised ; they made a consti the polls who is in favor of slavery. Ho sees tution twice through their delegates • they that his ballot must be for or against the consli- have revised and amended that constitution tutiOn. He desires to vote for slavery, but he through the agency of a popular ratification. It dislnces many features of the constitution ; and was competent for the people of Kansas fin ho is driven from the polls If afree-Stateman. the samothing ; and iMXoinKansaswho on the other hand, makes his appearance, he en- claim to be adverse to this slavery article X counters similar difficulties. He likes the con- object most to tin's constitution, had eterc7sed attention and all its features, except that of sla- their high prerogative as freemen. probtbTy wc very.- He desires to adopt the constitution, but should have had no excitement on this occasion he cannot do that without agreeing that Kan- But, sir, they did not perform (he duty In sas shall lie a slave fatate ; and he is disfranchis- June, when they might have decided theoues ed. Now sir if this proposition is to prcvffil, tion of slaver/by 5 electingSatesSv why put it in this shape ? Is it that there will would not vote; the “bogus laws” were in te vote” on f Au I °-.- I nand 1 . 0 Secure an slavery was not involved, but when officers endorsement of the opinions of those who have were at stake, they did vote.ln December fol opposed the idmission of-the State? Is it to lowing, when they had Tdirect vX on the secure a rejec ion of the PresidentVpolicy ?- qnestforiof making KansasTfrL or b slave If I were for this measure, I should not agree Slate, they could not vote—it . would-not do to fo present itint.,is shape. I certainly could recognize tho“bogus laws” and the “hocus not, if I had stood so peculiarly and tenacious- convention.” Bub a few days afterwards when Knns tfa r ' sht3 of th e free-state party in it was a question of gaining the local offices" ma r ~ , „ . they cashed to the polls and elected the officers ' .-rhe form should be “ for the constitution under what they have termed the “Lecomnfon without slavery, or “for the constitution with swindle." There is the source of the trouble or V“S a mst the constitution.”' This and as the issue stands, the most that those on would have given all parties a fair opportunity the other side can make out of it would be of carrying one their will. : (taking their own ground).an.4ie between But, s.r, there are other features to which I those who, through the forms of law hadabus -7sfnlloW- 1 aU “ tlon ' lbefirst clause reads cd to soma extent, the.right of suffrage, and q, , . ..' those who had set themselves up against the nrtmtet h pdSn h tti St n e -° f Kansas w’ an . disllereby ’ use of that ri S bt : who .had preferred other admitted tnlhe Union on equal looting with the means; who had not exercised, the high funct ongiual States, in all respects whatever ; butin- ionsoffreemen under, onrlaws and policy ofgbv greatly_ disputed whether the eminent. They avowed that determination, and "7 the 7th they adhered to it. Thcrcmay have been fraud,& day of November last, and now pending before there may have been usurpation to some extent 1 Congress was fairly ma de > ;>&c. _ , on the one hand, The best that Xbe said It is q question whether the constitution was ,for the other was that it presented matured fanly made. What is the deduction ? It persistent, and stupondous iurbordinS to >n some way or other the obliga- the laws, if not rebellion to the Sment" 7HMUten S ia^ ) ".7 CORe 7 SS , t i? T J, tllat * he con ‘ Which of these alternatives shall we take ? I sUtuUdn isfati bj made; that fraud and violence shall not, for my part, cast a vote’that will shall not prevail. Now, sir, Ido riot care to give success-to those who stood out pdr raise or debate that question of fact at present; sistemly against the laws; P Whatever might have b,een held heretofore un- r, n -a -v “ ; der the former policy, of the government, I can- ■ ™ aybe sald > andl f 23 said . that-, this con not sec how those who subscribe to the doctrine StltU , t,on a ß r6 T eable { ° the majority of the thal.the people should be left perfectly free to Pp Pl> °' well, sir, I have searched in vain in form and regulate their destitutions in their history of legislation on. this own way, can investigate this question of fair- sub J“ t i ! or^ tie instance ini which that question ness and form. Is it maintained that we sane- d.st.nctljr raisedand discussed 1 where it tion the constitution by voting for the admiss- ) va , s c ' alnlad as a d 9 ty on tbe P a ''t of Congress ion?' -That is not my .understanding The k ? ow that a 'm a Jortey of the people were for government which the people send here we must n® form ,° f government, which they sent up to | take"of reject. Ido not speak now of more kongresd. No such case could. have ansen aA matters of form, but the vital' features of thb -5°j mo F e - 1* the- States heretofore admit government. . Those we cannot ;iouch. Is it * : . °, se c onstitutions had not been submitted otherwise held any where ? I have not* beard a to .P°P" lar ote - No could have senator allege that, by voting for the admiss- ar,s ™ l n the case of the StalOyof my venerable ioti of Kansas, ho necessarily sanctioned ihtrcon-. was declared in atitutiony ori/tcc v&sa.‘ “v. the. Union a State befpre the form'of govern- Now, sir, the.point which;!-wish tb make is “ en ( w a ; s made, not by the proclamation,>l be-; this: if Congress has no fight to touch the j ,evo > but b-V act of Congress. _ That .could not work of the people of government fl . a , vo bc S n nn “? I dorta ! n T d fact in regard to Flo- Which they, have sent here—wha " does it teon- understand cem us that we inquire how that work was *i? ,a' S>< fi y v a * ca 3e > could have known done ? Here is a proposition simply to tequX nnf 1 Wh ,be , co ,' ls - tutlon t of how it was done; conceding that wo have no ' P -°i M, shr,1 ‘ sbow ',. fn . power over the production itself. Not only the people of Ulonda held a convention, that; but while this constitution is to' be sent T„ ad^ i Jif onS rfi Utl ?- n ' ?A cy subl , nuted , lt ’ lt back on the assumption that it was not fairly l s , truo ’ A 0 lbc ratification of the people, and, as made, what is,proposed in addition? Why.sii- f lea ™ tha hls tory of it, a majority was only in case this constitution be voted down, the fou ' ld by tW.ng out certam d.stncts on the people of, Kansas are authorized to elect dele- B ro * lncl ° f informality. _ That constitution was gates to constitute a new convention ; they are « r be f away ln J be a I“ hlv “ to vote on that constitution, and then, if it be the Senate : Legislative department. Thereit adopted, they become a State by tbe proclama- ay ' cob 'JAV bed . a P d dusted - oTer ' f ° r al ? lo . n g tion of the President. ‘ J P ycars - When it became necessary to bring m Where is the guarantee that that new gov- y °w a as a State, these musty papers were drawn ernraent will be made fairly ? Wherc,is the ri ' on ' their solitude, and ou tbem Florida was protection against fraud in that process ? Who n ? ado a .' Vl ° w° a,d say, that in the supervises that action? If it, is the duty of Slx y car s that intervened, there waa noi a large Congress, in tbe case of the Leoompton Oonsti- m C , GCSS POp' l,at '° n to the lerntory of Florida? 'tatipn, to see that it is fairly made, it is the t ,lc ' ra f ou . ld !’ ave ( , bo I cn ,o° satisfactory evidence duty of Congress in every oilier case. If it is .-'-“A4 bo Pe°.Pl e 9* Florida _apprqved tbe duty of Congress to inquire whether this t‘-°'V’T n .° "“ all .Wflld-havo known fha.t it constitution has been fairly made, it is an equal' ' mbod ' cd tbe ' r U ’J b 1 on,y P reson t. these lus obligatibu not to give the opportunity of male- a o *?*' the pUrpOSC , O / showing-that.the any constitution unfairly. Here is a/nroposi- da f Congress must.knowthat a con tion to allow the people to make a goveniment. St,ta , t,o £ r™' h the will of a major.ty of the , put it in operation, and admit it into the Union, i he ?S bt . ln P ropricty to 1 without its ever making its appearance before admlt the State, is a new doctrine. Congress at all. Ido not understand how al- But, Mr. President, I have spoken already leged frauds in this place can Declaimed as rea- .tench longer than I- intended to do. I rose for sons for returning this constitution, if we at the tb 9 purpose df.conflning myself to a very few same time authorize the making of a Slate points. • I trust wo are near the close of this without any guarantee whatever as to how that an g r y debate. For one, lam free fo say to the power may bo abused, without any protection Seriate and to the country that I am tired of against fraud,-Violence, and usurpation. this topic of Kansas. lam tired of it in every Then, sir, there.is another point, and that is sense. Especially am I wbary of it, because I the extraordinary proposition which makes the oan see ' R an element of growing mischief to President of the Dotted States perform func- ibis'great, peaceful and happy country of ours, lion's which'the Constitution, in express words, Why it is I know'not; but it would seem to vests in-Congress; Ido riot speak now as to bo a dispensation of Providence that we are to the government of Kansas' that is before us : baTG a v<lry P ,a g ue nmong us in. the- shape of that we have seen ; that constitution wp haVo this slavery question; living and growing as the read';' that Congress knows to be republican ; nati bn advances; spreading out yearly, bver that we may, on’certain conditions, allow the shadowing the whole country like some fatal President to announce admitted’, and hold that u P as ’ whose poisonous branches shade the very the State is in the Uniori’; but it is to the other extremities and deal poison and death as the alternative-T-the rigltt to make a constitution scas °ns roll by. I say, sir, that wo are near and State government, and put it into the Uh- tbe °^ os ? °f this debate, and with it I trust this ion by a proclamation of the President,without b2nd wd * be P ut to rest forever—this strife ever having it befoie Congress at all—that I oh- whfoh is so certainly and so constantly poison ject. Who knows that be a republican > n g the very .channels,of intercourse between government ? Who can guarantee that it will greste divisions of this Union, severing the rela te admiasable in form ? And if republican,may tions 9 bo P eo P'° who ought to bo fraternal it not contain other features, making it entirely at) d affectionate, and abiding in a common faith, unacceptable ? Sir, I have riot that measure of Sir > while I have ray notions of this measure, I confidence in the men who would bo likely to do not cherish them with the tenacity that some get hold pf this government in Kansas just nbw. do - I desire, however, to make the .admission Who is satisfied that Gen. Lane would exercise of Kansas and Minnesota an exemplification of h»^ er , WI -i tedderation ?. Who believes that if truthfulness, of the equity and wisdom of the dni™.i * ICCI a convention, he would not in- democratic policy that Congress shall no lon of his feelings of prejudice ger deal with this vexed question ; but’that it g Sr rinmf he^ State 3 .? shall be left ,to the people of the Territories to Hmi rnnrin ' surprised if a’ oonstitu* settle for themselves; and they shall quietly slaves Hint w ?, u *d emancipate the become .States,' with or without slavery. as the nronertv valno^n 6 - Perrltol 'y . ar id confiscate tbeil ; government may provide at the time of the property, value m them. I should not be hdmission. ’ - surprised if a Constitution made in. that wav without consulting Congress, should attempt ' to interdict or embarrass the execution of the fugitive slave law, or would set up other issues with the federal authority; and yet, whilst Congress might not seriously entertain the idea of admitting siich a State, the President would bo obliged to admit it-by proclamation. For you will notice that it gives the President no discretion. The duty is imperative on him. When the facts are properly certified, he must announce that the State is in the Union.no mat ter hpw objectionable the Constitution may be. Here is State-making with a vengeance. Any measure of fraud may be practised; any extent of violence and usurpation in making the Con stitution ; and no matter how badly made, and yet the State must come in. The proposition is monstrous. Now; sir, the subject matter of the bill is suggestive; it presents a wide field for discuss ion. I do not intend to pursue it this inorn ing; but I,"eould not pursuado myself to. vote quietly on this question. I know that there are certain very insiduous features about this GOOD. This reminds us of an old pulpit "anecdote at tributed to Rowland Hill. Two strangers pass sing the church in, which ha was preaching, en tered. walked up thoaisle. and fihding no scat, stood for a while and listened to the sermon.— Presently they turned to walk out. Before they reached the door the preacher said, “But I will toll you a story.” This arrested the strangers,and they paused, irned again and listened. “Once there was a man,” said the speaker; “who said that; if he had all the axes in the world, made into one,, great axe, and all the trees in the worla made into one great tree, and ho could wield the axe and cut down the tree, ho would make it into one great whisp lo thrash those ungodly men who turn their backs upon tho gospel and stop to hear a sto ry." ' . Thestraiigers thought they had heard enough to satisfy their curiosity, and resumed'their walk in tho street. . , . v*- \ : r ’ - • pua country—may it always be eight — dpt bight on. wrong, our country.” CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY, APR^L■ 22, 1858. TUB HARP OF A THOUSAND STRINGS, Come generous friends a little while. And listen to my song, ■ And though my subject is very gljat, . My story won’t be lohg. . „ I’m going to sing about the times, . And several other things—'. IV’c’ll sing the words and play the tune . Qn a Harp of a Thonsand'Strhigs. Religion, Polities and Law, "■ • Are raging under par,. As seen by microscopic aid. In pulpit, lomm, bar: A toons brought on either oho,, .The same result still Brings— A human being playing away On a Harjp of a Thousand Strings. ; The preachers don’t pS they used-to do, , In the good old dllys gone by j ' I They used to preach of the,souls of men, ’Till they made the women cry; But they read their sermons now-a-days, And the choir strikes up a ‘Sing,’ And the folks can’t join when tho tiino is play Id On a Harp of a Thousand Strings. The members don’t as thoy Used'to do— Their zeal and love’s groin cold; They’re'thinking of the core they’ve raised, •And how to got'more gold;. ; And though the preacher,rends quite.well, Their conscience never sitings ■ They’d rather steal the-crown of gold, And a Harp of a Thousand Strings. . / The politician used to ho (, ; A man. of some renown: .b ■ - • Now, half a dozen would-be-such Are found in every town;; , For when one finds ho can.mafco a speech, Or soar on buzzard's wings, He mounts a hobby and plays away On a Harp of a Thousamy.Slrings. No matter how corrupt ho is— , e How off he turns his coat. The nomination sets himfight— He gets the people’s vote,;,.: He eats his fill at! the puhUqvcrib, Ho drinks atthe-publiosprings— The charm succeeds —ho plays so well Oh a Harp of a ■ Then let us take a hasty view Of Justice and the Barjj p Alas! how qhickly fve discern, How altered all things-arh) The sword and scales-are little need, The culprit seldom swings j , For gold will m ake the lawyers play On a Harp of a' Thousand Strings. So turn your eyes to every pert . Of Uncle Sam’s machine, .f' Youifi find a screw that’s working loose— , sforah-oiaco that needs a pin. f Buh I .must ond ray story now.- Although my muse still brings; A verse or two for every chotd pn a Harp of a Thonaanjl Strings. — atiottlhinti'47o — / • • : n- (>;' THE lITTLE, COPBTESIES 'OF LIFE. “ A Kindly word, a pleasant smile, • Are better far than.gold.” . A friend some time,since, came to ns and exr pressed great annoyance at what he regarded as an act of marked- discourtesy- on tho part of a gifted and accomplished gentleman, to whom ho had rendered a valuable service.. He was quite excited at the' time; hot that ho, cared so ranch for tho circumstance, but bocatiso it was calculated to. dim tho high picture-which he had formed in his mind of the nature of the'man. He had apt him up as file model of a Christian, gentleman, the Very embodiment’of a finished, polished, graceful and dignified character.— And yet,- to. his surprise, ho found;that ho lack ed one of tho great essentials, namely, common courtesy, or ordinary politeness. In other words, he had either refused or declined to an swer a note that had been sent to him on his own business, and this refusal was kept up for days, until it became necessary to refresh his 'memory anti offer one or two sharp admonitory remarks. But this is no extraordinary case. It is but one of thousands. The little courtesies of daily life, t,he kindly and graceful amenities which are so admirably calculated to sweeten the relations between m‘an and man, and to im part a genial spirit to our social every day inter, course, are .tod frequently neglected. TVe do not sufficiently’ appreciate, our own self respect, or the feelings'apd gpo^- Wishes of others. This is the more culpablcffoi'xpuHesy and kindness are at the c'ommapd,qf;W 'Classes—the poor as well as the richf.ftlofinmble as well ns the ele vated. Thoro-niff homo persons who never think it-rjottltyvkilc 1 to reply to a note or, an in vitation, pnloasi.spme especial business matter bOVinvojvfilJfJkiitßi'q dro Others again, who never neglect'6<rSh'%ij'*act'.of courtesy and duty. In the first', irritations and occur, and' in the last theVo^illf,lre avoided. Sdme one has ob: Served, that the little courte sies of Jjfpu^riitlld. - : ()0 regarded, ns among the minor- virtimmand; their practice should bo en couraged rgntj 'cultivated from ’ early,'youth.— What, fumed,, tould fie more delightful than the interchange, of eiyility, kindnoss and good will, on all proper occasions between friends and neighbors-?' .’What is so calculated to.soften the rugged-path of existence, and to give to the hu man heart agreeable feelings ? Some time since a’gentleman- and lady wore betrothed, and the proposed union was looked upon in' the most approving-manner by the parents of both par ties , It so happened that tbo former had occasion i to'visit Europe, andfo remain abfoad something like six months. Ho wrote homo elaborately, or a fow words by every packet; hut during the t whole of thia-period ho received hut three let ters in'reply, and of a character so brief, as to. show that the fair correspondent took very little interest oith.or in. the subject or the object to whom the cpistlosworbaddressed. 1 The effect was to annoy, irritate, create a coolness, and ■ Anally to break off the match. The truth is, no one likes to bo treated either with indifference or contempt. A sense of self-pride revolts against such conduct. The courtesy wo extend to others, wb naturally and properly desire to see extended to ourselves in return. Recipro city is the very soul of harmony, friendship and good feeling. A sensitive individual may bo aggrieved and wounded, just ns ready by indif ference and neglect, as by an open and studied insult. B\/.courtesy, wo do not moan affecta tion, hollow pretence, shallow hypocrisy and ur tiAcinl manners. • On the contrary, thoso are all miserable counterfeits. But wo refer to a go nial, generous and kindly spirit, a'sense of np. predation, a recognition of equality, a truthful air, and a fhmk and manly bearing. Hot a day goes by, in which all these qualities cannot bo exhibited more or less, especially in the sphere, and aniong tho friends withwhomwo move'and mingle. There is, on the other hand, nothing more • unworthy, unmanly, pitiable and mean than d disposition to fyranizo over and insult, not directly, perhaps, but indirectly, those who, in some sense may seem to bo dependent upon us, or whom, in the exercise of q false pride, wo may imagine we can outrage with impunity. The little courtesies of life never shino so sweet, ly or brightly; ns when they are manifested by the rich towards-thepoor, or by the powerful ;|MrnL . I . . ... . . _ , . 1 •,, , . towards the weak. They then becomo a grace and embellishment of tho character, and while they adorn the one party with a moral -lustre, they kindle in the hearts of tho other feelings 1 of kindness, affection and good will. But cour tesy is never out of place. It is never thrown away. If always has its effect, and sometimes it tolls tar more efficiently than formal service, I or even heavy obligations.— Phila. Inq. PEN DROPS. —A bubble on the ocean’s rolling wave. lafc—Agloara of light extinguished by the Famt?*j-A meteor dazzling with its distant glare. ■.-iX ■ Wealth—A source of trouble and consuming cafe. • /Pleasure—A gleam of sunshine passing soon »,way. ... ' - .- ' / Love—A morning dream whose memory gilds the day. Faith—An anchor dropped beyond tho vale of death. Hope—A long star beaming o’er the barren heath. Charity—A stream meandering from the fount of love. , Bible—A guide to realms of cndlea&joy above. Religion—A key which opens .wide the gates of,Heaven. . , ', ..Death—A knife by which the lies of earth Ih re riven. ■ ' - . Earth—A desert through which pilgrims wciid their way. Grave—A house of rest where ends life’s wea ry day. : , . Resurrection-—A sodden wakening from a quiet dream. : Heaven—A land of joy, of light and love su preme. - ■' •. iilarflagc for Show; To (lie-question often asked of y oung men as to why they, do not marry, we.sometinics hear the reply,, •! I am not able to support a wife.” In one case in three, perhaps, this may be so ; but as a general tiling; the true rfeply would bo, “ I am not able to support the style in which ny wife ought to live.”. In this, again, we, see a false view of marriage : a,looking to ah ap pearance in the world ; instead of a union with a loving womui for her'own sake. There are very few men, ofjndustrious habits, who cam, not maintain a wife, if they are willing to live economically;; and without- reference to the opinion of-the world. The great evil is, they are not content to begin life humldy, to retire an obscure position :and together work thcipHray into lho world—hdby industry in his cnllingy'niid she by dispensing with pru dence the moncyjthat ho’earns. But they must, stand out aud attract the attention of others by fine houses and fine clothes. The Maple Tree. . There is no shade tree so valuable as the ma ple,and no object more, commendable than the encouragement of its growth, as proposed in this article:.- - v ,v - . “Plant them by the, road side—plantV item m the/arm lanes—plant them by the side of, rooks, stones, brooks, bill-sides, and in waste places, and in your farm yard and stable-yard; you can tap them above the. reach of animals, and hang your buckets, and the flow will be just as great as though tapped down at the roots. No tree can bo planted with more cer tainty of profit than the sugar maple. Its form and foliage are beautiful: .its shade deligjilful ; its sap delicious and healthful in all stages'from tie water, to its honey-like syrup on the hot buckwheat cakes; a,nd its sweet products will always bo saleable and profitable. Maple syr rup would outsell the very best ‘golden syrup’ at any time in the cities, if it was for sale; and maple sugar is Sold, tons of it, every year in the confectioner’s shops, and in the street.to be eaten like candy, at 30 to 50 cents a pound There will always be a market .for any surplus that the country can' produce, but that is not the grand object with us in urging its increase production. It is because it will greatly in crease the happiness of the farmer’s home, ft ■ is for that we ask—are you ready ?” tEr - An interesting case came otf last week, beforethe Recorder's Court in Kansas city One Dri J. B. Chapman became enamored, last fall, with a beautiful and accomplished young lady by the name of Miss Little. Her charms were so prepossessing as to cause the Doctor to iriiporfune her greatly to join him in the holy .bonds of wedlock. The Doctor being old—near sixty, arid she young and beautiful, she requir ed him to advance her a bonus on the promise of'marriage, 'To this the Doctor readily con sented, and made over to her, according to his account, about S'J.OOO worth of property; Since she came in possession of the property she de clined marrying him and he brings his suit to recover the property, alleging that it was ob tained through fraudulent'pretences. Shepleads flint the Doctor is a married man, and therefore 9110 would not marry Mm, andethat she, did not learn this until after the courtship. . Tho suit wont against tho Doctor. Adohioines at the Capitol.— Not the least interesting feature of life at the Capitol, at tho present time, is the largo number of Western Indians there, on business with thoGovornment. As they mingle familiarly with Caucasian gal lantry and beauty, on tho fashionable promen ades, their savage mien and barbarian costumes contrast strangely with the elegant carriage' and nilistio.tollots of civilization and refinement.— Tho other day, a portion of tho Sionx delega tion, now there, desiring to seo how “bad men” are treated by their white brethren, wore con. ducted to the United Slates' Penitentiary, and shown tlie prisoners at work. When told that tho prisoners were kept within tho walls for years hard at work without pay, and without the privilege of going put, or , associating with their “squaws,”'.they’signified by a variety of gut. (oral exclamations, their opinions of tho severi ty of tho punishment, and they were apparently impressed with horror on seeing an unruly con vict Confined in n dark, narrow cell. ’ This sooitied to (hem tho most frightful punishment that could bo inflicted; and such it would un doubtedly bo, to the wild and free red men of the forest. • 1 Get a Home. —Get a homo, rich dr poor,got a homo, and Icarn to love that homo, and make ' it Imppy to wife and children by your beaming presence ; learn to love simple pleasures, flow ers of God’s own planting, and music of his own ; the bird, wind and waterfall. So shall you help to stem the tide of desolation,poverty and despair, that comes upon so many through the scorn of little things. Oh. the charm of a little home; comforts dwell there that shun the gilded halls of society. Live humble m, your '■•tie homo, and look to God for' I* one K7*.“ Ah, Mr. Simpkins, \vc ha> enough for our company’” said a wife to her frugal husband. “Plenty of chairs, ducky, hut too much company,” replied Mr. "Simpkins. ■ K7”“Ma, that nice young man, Mr. S., is very fond of kissing.” . ” Mind your seam, Julia, who fold you such nonsense I” , “Ma, I had it from his own lips.” . ; J Are always in active demand' from May 10 September,in 'the vicinity of all our large cities, ana larger towns. Of course they arcprofita ble to the, farmers, and Small landholders and cottagers, who breed them. This is a good month to set the hens, and hatch them out. For this purpose, a warm hen-house, and coops in sunny places is required. Let the eggs-be kept in, a proper temperature; till the hen is ready to sit on them; Thirteen is a’proper number for a clmoh of chickens. When hatch ed, if milk curds can bo had, this is their best food. If not, soaked bread lor the first few days, and after that, Indian meal well cooked, like mush for your own table. Raw meal, wet up in the usual way, is harsh and scouring'for their delicate stomachs. Whop a few weeks bid, chopped cabbage, 'sives.’and other tender vegetables, are to be added, and sour milk is the very best drink they can have.’ We would by all means, entrust the early chickens to wonian ’s care. She seems,to possess I the necessary instinols—worth all the boys and men in the country. We have known a Scotch, Dutch, or Irish washerwoman’s cottage, sur rounded by a close walk alive with early chick ens, when the gentleman’sand farmer's premi ses would scarce, supply a fowl for, the table be fore September. . Don’t keep the ‘big’ breeds for spring chick ens .cither. A close, compact, early matured fowl is the thing for this purpose. • In most largo towns a large fat chick, the size of a quail, will sell for as much in May or JunC, as a-full grown one will in October; and if they only know you have.them, the tavern-keepers and pedlars will be after them cvCry day in the week. To the Habit'these latter people'.have of confining them in close filthy coops for days to gether, we enter our protest. It is cruel to the chickens. It poisons and defiles the taste of the flesh. It makes them, poor. Exerciser good air, and plenty of good food they should have, till wanted for the table; and every one who keeps them on hand for immediate use. should be well provided with yards, and roost ing accommodation. To make chickens edibly perfect;they should come upon the table plump, juicy, and full of their own natural gravy.— “Plump as a partridge.” is the term which should always be truthfully applied to the ear ly .chicken ; and if they be not so, half their excellence is lost, while, if in perfection of flesh, they are, a positive luxury. 4 Desperate Man Escaping From Justice, After I hud taken my seat one morning, at Paddington, in an empty railway carriage. I was joined, just as the train was moving bn, by a strange looking young' man, with remarka ■ hly 16ng flowing hair. ; He was of course, a lit tle hurried, but ho ,seemed, besides, to be so disturbed and wild, that I ;was quite alarmed for fear of. his not being right in his mind, nor did his subsequent'conduct at all re-assure me. Our train wits an express','and he enquired, at once, which was the first station whereat we were advertised to stop. • I consulted my Brad shaw, and I furnised him,, with .the required in jormajibn,:. It was The, young man looked at his watch. Madam,” said, heil have half airhbur bet ween me and, it may be ruin.' Excuse, therefore, my abruptness. Ton have, I perceive, n pair of, scissors in-your workbag;_ Oblige, if you please, by duttingoff alliny hair.” “Sir, ’ said I, “it is impossi ble.” “ Madam,” and a look of severe deter mination crossed his features, “ I ath a desper ate man. Beware how you refuse me what I ask. Cut my hair off—short, close to the roots —immediately ; and here is a newspaper to hold the ambrosials curls.” I thought he was mad, ol course, and believing that it would bo dangerous to thwart him, I but off all his hair to'the last lock. - “Now, Madam,” said he, unlocking a small portmanteau, “ you will further oblige me by looking out of the window, ns I a,m about to change my clothes.”. Of course I looked out of the window for a very considerable lime, and when heohserved, “Mad alfi, I need no longer put you to any inconven ience,” I did not not recognize the ybung man in the least. Instead of his former rather gay .costume, he was attired in black, and wore a gray wig and silver spectacles; he looked like a respectable divine of the Church of England, of about 04 years ofago ;to complete that charitC- ' ter, he hold a volume of sermons in his" hand, which—they appeared so to absorb him—might have been his own. i “I do not wish to threaten you; young la dy,” lie resumed, “ and I think, besides, that I can trust your kind face. Will you promise •me not to reveal tin's metamorphosis until your journey’s end “ I will,” said' I, -‘most cer tainly.” • At Heading the guard and a person ,in pldin clothes looked into pfir carriage. “You have the ticket, thy fove,’’ said the young man, blandly, and looking at me as though he were my father. Never mind, Sir; wo don’t want them,” said the official, as ho withdrew, his companion. “ I shall now leave you, ifadam,” observed my fellow traveler, as soon rid the coast was clear; by your kind and courageous conduct you'have shvcd 'my life, and perhaps even your own.” In another minute he was gone and the train was in motion. Not till the next-morning did I learn from The Times news paper that the gentleman on whom I had oper ated as haircutter had committcd a forgery to an" enormous amount in London ft few hours be fore I met him, and‘, that bo had been tracked into an express train from Paddington, but that—although the telegraph had been put in motion and described him acurately—at Head ing, when the train was searched, he was no where to be found. A Discriminating Judge.— The police Cottrt of the thriving town of B , in Maine, which boasts a bay rivalling that of Naples,.is presi ded over by one Judge W , who is some thing of a wag as well ns a lawyer. On one occasion, while enjoying a postprandial “fetfst of reason and the flow of so'til”vf ith some of the jolly fellovjs of that region, the judge was sum moned to the court-room, to try an Irishman arrested for drunkenness. Having heard the testimony, which clearly proved the crime, the judge asked the accused VyTlavo you any friends?” “No, yolar.-dionor.” Judge W , “Have you any money ?"•;.“ No, ypur honor.” “ Then, said Judge W—~ ~ “if you, have no friends and no money, I must proceed: to pronounce the sentence of the court, which is, that you be imprisoned for thirty I'days in the bouse of correction—and may -God- nave mcr y on your soul.” The following is a specimen of sharp shooting between a coquette and her lover : " You men are angels when you woo the maid. But dcvils.when the marriage vow is paid.’’ The lover not to bo outdone, replied as fol lows: ■“ The change, dear girl, is easily forgiven. We find We arc in hell instead of heaven.” afgrSttdt. 'W not chairs gay young O - When an English lady, at whose house Dr. Johnson was dancing one day, asked him if he did not think her pudding yery good. “ Yes,” growled;, the’great moralist, “ it IS very good fdr hoffsi““ 1 1 “Shall I helpyou-fo another plateful, then?" said'the polite hostess! AT $2,00 PUR ANNUM NO. 45. Spring Chickens, From the Washington Union of theloth, - T/ic Fancy Ball in Washington. Tho fancy ball given on Tticsdaycvening, at the rcsideneo of Senator Gfwin,, faliy realized tho highest expectations of those who partici pated in its novel and was pronoun, ced one of tho most magnificent chieftaimhehta oC the kind ever given in this Conntry. The house as ■ largo, admirably adapted for A large gathering j nor had any pains or expense .been spared ■ in preparing and ornamenting, ihp many, spacious apartments thrown open. A-fine band music discoursed inspiring strains for the “nd there was a prolusion of refrosh snnmH B ° rveil " p <lurin S tho evening, with a sumptuous supper at midnight. ~ 1 he guests were announced in their assumed characters by an usher, and were received by „' S L dressed as a Marquise of the Court of Fonts XIV. Fortho benefit of our lady readers at n distance, wo wifi state that this splendid cost ume was a skirt of white moire art tiqno silk (rimmed ivitJi deep flotuiccaof nuo’ a tlAin op cherry-colored satin trim med with a ruche of the same materials Tho J boddice was (rimmed with lace, and tlio coift'uro 1 was of that’’ elaborately arranged and powdered , fashion peculiar to tho old French, ctiurt'.’ silo Til? a s sist l, y ller . eldest daughter, bccomihgly' 1 i | s a Crock Ctrl, and attended by a yobpg ot daughter, dressed ns a Court Page. ■ ■ ri *'?;*• rc3 'dent of the United States, SeqretA* c„ r „| ancl Thompson, anti abolit twenty, l'f°™ privileged to appear in citizens’/ in fjirir’i. s " es,ts wore invited to appear' a " d variety, brilliancy, seonA t f J . ony the dresses, made tho sceno/novel and interesting, * _ \froC l ' 11 ? -among. tho ladies present wefret Mrs. Senator Clay as Mrs. Patliugton, attendll by tho wilfoi Ido, Mrs. Senator aid Cantonniore. Mrs. Senator Davis asMadameDo Stnel, Mrs. SeUator-Halo os a-Spanish Duenna- Mrs. Senator Douglas Onaeley as o French Marciiipricss, Lady Napior.as a la dy of (he‘Olden .Time, Madame db.Slbebel as A Countess of Henry fheFourthfs feign, Mies Cash. as a Marquise of the snipe. reign, Miss Wlnder as Folly, Miss Halo as Morning, Miss Marfift 40 a Vifaiidlcio, Bliss Bradley ns Night, Mrs. fien r f dieton as the Star Spangled Banner, Mrs.Beli ser as Hannnli'Piim, Mrs. GrflcnlipwnanHonso keeper, Mrs. Hughes ns Little lied Biding Hood/ ' .Miss Mechlin as a Spanish Peasant Girl, ; MiS(f Borg as an. Indian Princess, Miss Parker as the* . Goddess pf Liberty, Miss SemmeS, as Laayi , Charlotte Berkley, Miss Ray ns a FldWer . Miss Porter as MadamePompaijour,Mrs,Evan# a? Isabella, of Spain, Mrs. Claytqn,as a Lady .oi the Republican Coprf,. Miss Beach its a Glpsoy, — : hut we have not spate to‘ further prolong tHd bead-roll ofbeanty. , ■ Tlio costumes of tlio gentlemen were equally varied and elegant, ns an enumeration of a fcw of them will show, Mr, Clingtnan appeared a& a gentleman of the 20lh centnty, Mr. Cochrano. as a Mntadorj Mr. Kcilt as Buckingham, Major. Haveiand ns a Knight in veritable armor; Maybf Magrudor as a Highland Chjetlain, Capt.NoJiqfj| , as Falstatl, .Lieutenant' Jtowry ns (ho. Knight qf • GwynnOj Mr. Hughes as nn Oxford Student, Mr,' Kingman as a Diplomatist,; wearing, President Monroe’s court dross;. Mt. Trowbridge as ,i£ Rauchero, Col.Magniderns the King of Pills * sia, Mr. J. -Buchanan Henry ns Sir Roger dp' Coverly, Mr. Ledynrd as ah Egyptian Officer,' Mr. Gillot ns a Filibustoro, Mr. Irvingh'safj[na- Ucr, and the Turkish officers, were present in’ their full and richly embroidered' uniforms. . The effect produced by so large an assemblage 7 in those varied costumes,'which were generally made of rich materials, and were Ornamented with plumes, gqid lace, and jewels, was 'pictuf-i osquely beautiful, and while some threaded the mazes of tho dance, others engaged in hmporV ous conversation, often idehtifyitig themselveif with the characters which .tl:eynssuthc£ .Tlio supper Was served lip ip Gautier’s best , stylo, and it was. daylight, Out of doors before tho guests ceased dancing. ■ ■ ' • The Washington Motel Mystery. Wo cpnveraed’yeatefday' intelli gent gentleman of this city, oiio'pi -the of the American Telegraph Com()any ; who (a iamong the sufferers by the.mysterious aiaealq which broke out in Washington City justprior . ,tp the lastpyosidentiid inuugntatiqnr '-i’tpm'.i condition of groat.bqdily vigor and a qomforta hlp -degree' of .corpulency, be was-gradually wasted until reduced to a feeble invalid. Dnr -1 ing the many weary days of oonflnehicnf.:ai(o’f ted him, hb.has watched thq jirogreaa pf tfiema-, Indy till the list of deceased victims has reached twenty-seven, inciuding mnny eminent, names, and he-calculates that out of a total oftbrpq 1 , hundred sufferers, nt least, one half pro in a state, of decrepitude no better thanbis own. In tp)i& of nil the theories which"have beep,,advanced by medical men and sanitary committees,. lie. adheres to the belief that the fatal epidemic, as it, was called, was occasioned by nothing-olsd. than a malignant mineral poison j and the sarriq : opinion is held by other sulferers with whom htf has conversed.’ Up to a recent period; he was treated by a physician of this neighborhoqcTaa for a malarious or atmdsphiric poison, with no perceptible .oohellt; bht upon the.physician and’ treatment being changed, substituting an anti dote to arsenic, favorable symptoms became at 1 once apparent, and liti is ho.w (ibid to leave hid apartment, Tho conclusions of the mshlrigtoii examining committee, which attributed the djs. ease.to noxious effluvia, inav have boon influ enced to some extent by the desire at that {ibid existing to sechre a largo appropriation] from tho oily government for nh extensive system, of sewerage, and which has slrthe been obtained. . TTliateyer flip origin ,of the disease,;it id Very .diffleiflt to Salisiacforily nccbunt for aUthb'frhe nqniefin attending it, especially the slonvdcad iy manner in which it preys upon the systems year after year, until (ho vital principle 1 is de stroyed, . and. tho strong., man, prematurely cut off, unless the, agency of a malignanf mineral poison is admitted. A Goon Wii itewu sir. As, this la.ltd season of the year When people begin to glean .tip and hiako things look fresh tor the approaching stihu mer, the following retihos for the best aml clicnp pat.whitewashes, both tor the'outside and the I bongos, from.the Sqicnliflc Mmeticun\ will no dplrbt be received with pleasure) by all who. study comfort and cleanliness,. Take half a bushel Of fresh-burned White lime, and_slaclc_jt either with but or cold watur in a tub or barrel. When, thoroughly slacked, dls--- solvo in the water required to' fliin fiui lime,two quaits of common salt, stir it thoroughly! add one quart of sweet milk, and it Is ready for usd tp put on will) a brush, , : . ' This wash fa' lot the outside of buildings') fences, Sic., and is. very dnrahlq. Soma put glue in whitewash, and others flour and rice paste; Ipil those render it liable to scale off in very dry weather.;. . . (j, The above wash may be made a create color by the addition pfochre. .. . The above whitewash is all that can bo desir ed for the interior Of'hpusCs,' excepting the salt, it must be omitted, as it fends to' iinbibe Inois turo. Trench white is superior to lime wastes lor the ceilings, as it is not so liable to turn yel lowish in color, but it rubs off so easily that it cannot bo-used for side walls. where’s tho frying pan ?” “Jcm my’sgot it, carting mud and, oyster-shells up theallpy, with the cat for a horse.” “ The dear little fellow, what a genius ho will make! but go and gel it, we’re going to have' compa ny, and must fry some fish for dinner.” K 7” The gentleman who attempted to cut his throat with a sharp joke, a few days since, has ngain inadc a rash'attack upon his “victualling department” by stabbing himself with a point of hdnor. tC7°’ “.Doqs smoking offend yon ?" inquired a landlord of hi.S newly arrived border. ‘ , ' 11 Not at all, sir.” “ I am very glad to bear it, ns yon will find your chimney much given to tho practice.’.’ 1: O'?" A gcnlleipan presented A iaco collar tor tho object, of hi.f adoration, and; m a jocular way,-said, "'Do not let any one else rumple »r ” : “ No, dear, ” said tire lady; “T will lake it off.” ; • • 0I7” A coxcomb, talking of tho ’transmigra tion" of souls, said— ■ --• " In the tinio of Moses I have no dbtibt I : wds the golden calf.” "-y, Very likely," replied a lady, “and time has robbed you of nothing but the guilding.”
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers