AMERICAN VOLUNTEER.
Vbmmhed ever? inbRSDAT MORNING BY
John B. Bratton.
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The Montgomery Amendment
DISCUSSION IN THE SENATE.
Friday, April 2</, 1858, on flic motion hcon-cpn
' car in Ihe amendment of ikn-Bouse of Repre
sentatives to .the hill to admit Kansas into the
Union, - -
Remarks of Hon. Win. Bigler.
Mil. Bigleu. Mr. President, I. am not pre
pared to vote on this question without first
submitting a few remarks explanatory of the
views which I entertain. Ido not intend to de
lay the Senate by nn attempt at an argument,
at length, against the House amendment: I
shall be content to slate, very briefly, some of
the points which I think involve conclusive ob
jections tothe measure.
In the first place, the adoption of this amend
ment involves nn utter and violent abandon
ment of-the doctrine of non-intervention. :It
ipresents the broad question, whether a doctrine
'which the party to which I belong have cher
ished ; a doctrine vvhich is found in the organic
Taw of Kansas, and which was enunciated in
■the democrat platform at Cincinnati, is to be
’abandoned, and we-are to look, for some other
isystem of legislation with regard to theTorrito
irics. .... .
" I had'hoped, sir," when the wise men of the
'country, with Clay, arid Webster, and, 1 Casa in
the lead,- presented and adopted this new mode
of settling (he slavery question—the enlarged
and liberal doctrine that when the people of the
. Territories were prepared for admission as
Stales, they should come, in with or without
slavery, as the constitution presented by them
might provide at the time—it would have pro
ven a finality. In the liberal doctrines main
tained by the democratic party, that the people
of the several States may go into the Territories
with whatsoever property they possess, inclu
ding slaves, and when there, and when about
to organize a government, preparatory to ad
mission as a State, on terms of perfect equality
with the other States, being left perfectly free
not only as to the kind of government they will
have, but as to the mode and manner of making
it. thad hoped we were to find a pimple and
satisfactory solution of this unhappy difficulty
which seems to arise on the application of each
State for admission. ’
When this doctrine was proclaimed it-Whs at
variance with and superseded the former prac
tice of the government: hut it was one which
commended itself to the judgment and patriots
Ism of the’peoplc. It was a proposition to set-,
tic the controyersey about, slavery upon- high
. prineiplerr-saered ‘ principle; a principle that
Was co extensive in its operation with the entire
Country, with all Territories we possessed then,
or even can possess, apd as imperishable as the
government itself, equal; to every emergency
that may arise. An, essential element in that
doctrine is. that Congress. shall not- interfere
with the domestic affairs of the Territories; that
as to the mode and manner-of making a govern
ment, tile people of the Territories shonld ho
unrestrained ; that Congress would decide on
ly upon the question of admission under the
obligations of the constitution, and that would
be on the single point whether the government
presented was republican in form, and not as
W the mode of. making the' constitution—leav
ing that workwiththo people. .
I had hoped that,.we were about to witness
a beautiful illustration of the wisdom of, this
doctrine, by the admission , of two Slates,'the
one slave and the other free, under this princi
ple.- Thus its beauties would be illustrated and
illuminated : arid I tell you, Mr. President, that
.in my humble judgment, no act of Congress
.will go further toward restoring those relations
of fraternal feelings which in the younger and
purer days of tho republic existed between the
people of its extremities, than the consumma
tion of such a work. Nothing, in my hmribic
judgment, would tend more to give peace to
this great ediiritry ; to promote its future pro
gress and prosperity, to give prosperity and
peace lo the people of tho various Territories.-
Sir, that is the doctrine of the democratic par
ty, held by them because it is consistent with
the constitution—consistent with the true inter
ests of this great country, and with the rights
of all classes of the people, and all sections of
the Union.
. Now. sir, I regard the House proposition ns
direct and violent intervention, because it pro
poses to discard what the people have done and
•to institute a new mode of proceeding. Tt pro
poses to set aside what the people of Kansas
have done in the way of changing their govern
ment from a territorial to a State form, and to
prescribe to them hp'w they shall proceed here
after ..in making a government. I wish to mark
the distinction between a case.where tho, people
ivii'dtory have not acted at all, and espec
• rally v?here a Territory may .not; possess the'
■ usual population for a. State where their,powers
have rested in obeyancp, and where Congress
.volunteers to offer to’those such an invitation to
■ come into the Union. That we did in 1856 to'
the people of Kansas under' the Toombs bill.—
They could hardly ' presume, with thepopula
tion which they thpn possessed, that they Would
be adtriitted as a State.;' Congress extended an
invitation to them, they having taken no proper
legal action on the subject, this different now
They have acted ; they have presented them
selves with a republican, form' of government,
■ which’has come up to us through legal chan
nels and regular steps. They have exercised
•the power which you gave them in the organic
daw, when you said, their legislative power
should* extend over all the rightful subjects of
■legislation, and that the people should he left
perfectly free to form‘and regulate, their domes
tic institutions in their own way.
Blit, Mr. President, if it were allowable on
principle for Congress to remand to the people
this government-which they have sent here, and
■ insist upona revision of what they have done,
•I could riot agree to the mode and-manner pro
scribed in the. House bill. The objections I
"make ought to bo more specially- unpleasant
to those who have opposed the admission of
Kansas under the Lecompton constitution than
to those who have-favored it; and why so ?
. Because the people are required to vote under a
. form which deprives the frec-State party of a
fair opportunity to exercise their will. In the
; early part of this discussion, much was made
. put of the form of voting presented by the Le
r Compton Convention. It was said to b.o unfair.
It was said that the elector, in order to vote for
or against slavery, was bound to vote for or
against the constitution; that those, therefore,
who were not for that constitution, had no op:
portunity of voting on the slavery question..—
I do not care now to inquire whether that view
wag correct and allowable or not; but Ido say
that the presentation of the question, os propos
ed in this amendment, would be liable to quite
as conclusive objections as the mode of voting
by the Lecompton convention.—
What is tho form ? It reads thus:
“At tho said election tho vote shall bo by
ballot, and'by endorsing on his ballot, as each
voter may please, ‘for the constitution ’ or
‘against tho constitution.’”
That form you perceive, sir. would not pre
sent to the people of Kansas tho great question
at issue there, the question which has agitated
tpo country from one extremity to theother.-to
wit : whether Kansas shall.be a free or a slave
estate. Slavery is in tho constitution as it
stands, and tho question thus presented'would
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•.;.‹. •t, - • 1
L. ..,
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BY JOHN B. BRATTON.
VOL. 44.
bo, whether they would have a Slave State or no measure—features which can be used with great
State at all. Those who desire it to be a free' effect before the populace. It may be alleged
Slate would have no fair opportunity of carry- that we have voted against a bill which was.to
ing out their will. -They are to-Jie disfranchis- give the people, the right to vote on their consti
ed on this vote. They can have lio voice.— tution. That would bo true, to some extent;
Now, sir, if this measure is to be adopted, the but I answer that I hold a still more liberal
form of voting ought to bo such as would give doctrine towards the people of Kansas ; I hold
those people the opportunity of deciding, unem- that they can make a Constitution in any way
barrassed, the question of slavery which has they please ; making it according to law and
harassed them, from the first hour of their or- in regular form. I would give to the people of
ganization. Look at the practical workings of Kansas that measure of right which those whom
the proposition. An elector presents himself at I represent here exercised ; they made a consti
the polls who is in favor of slavery. Ho sees tution twice through their delegates • they
that his ballot must be for or against the consli- have revised and amended that constitution
tutiOn. He desires to vote for slavery, but he through the agency of a popular ratification. It
dislnces many features of the constitution ; and was competent for the people of Kansas fin
ho is driven from the polls If afree-Stateman. the samothing ; and iMXoinKansaswho
on the other hand, makes his appearance, he en- claim to be adverse to this slavery article X
counters similar difficulties. He likes the con- object most to tin's constitution, had eterc7sed
attention and all its features, except that of sla- their high prerogative as freemen. probtbTy wc
very.- He desires to adopt the constitution, but should have had no excitement on this occasion
he cannot do that without agreeing that Kan- But, sir, they did not perform (he duty In
sas shall lie a slave fatate ; and he is disfranchis- June, when they might have decided theoues
ed. Now sir if this proposition is to prcvffil, tion of slaver/by 5 electingSatesSv
why put it in this shape ? Is it that there will would not vote; the “bogus laws” were in
te vote” on f
Au I °-.- I nand 1 . 0 Secure an slavery was not involved, but when officers
endorsement of the opinions of those who have were at stake, they did vote.ln December fol
opposed the idmission of-the State? Is it to lowing, when they had Tdirect vX on the
secure a rejec ion of the PresidentVpolicy ?- qnestforiof making KansasTfrL or b slave
If I were for this measure, I should not agree Slate, they could not vote—it . would-not do to
fo present itint.,is shape. I certainly could recognize tho“bogus laws” and the “hocus
not, if I had stood so peculiarly and tenacious- convention.” Bub a few days afterwards when
Knns tfa r ' sht3 of th e free-state party in it was a question of gaining the local offices"
ma r ~ , „ . they cashed to the polls and elected the officers
' .-rhe form should be “ for the constitution under what they have termed the “Lecomnfon
without slavery, or “for the constitution with swindle." There is the source of the trouble
or V“S a mst the constitution.”' This and as the issue stands, the most that those on
would have given all parties a fair opportunity the other side can make out of it would be
of carrying one their will. : (taking their own ground).an.4ie between
But, s.r, there are other features to which I those who, through the forms of law hadabus
-7sfnlloW- 1 aU “ tlon ' lbefirst clause reads cd to soma extent, the.right of suffrage, and
q, , . ..' those who had set themselves up against the
nrtmtet h pdSn h tti St n e -° f Kansas w’ an . disllereby ’ use of that ri S bt : who .had preferred other
admitted tnlhe Union on equal looting with the means; who had not exercised, the high funct
ongiual States, in all respects whatever ; butin- ionsoffreemen under, onrlaws and policy ofgbv
greatly_ disputed whether the eminent. They avowed that determination, and
"7 the 7th they adhered to it. Thcrcmay have been fraud,&
day of November last, and now pending before there may have been usurpation to some extent 1
Congress was fairly ma de > ;>&c. _ , on the one hand, The best that Xbe said
It is q question whether the constitution was ,for the other was that it presented matured
fanly made. What is the deduction ? It persistent, and stupondous iurbordinS to
>n some way or other the obliga- the laws, if not rebellion to the Sment"
7HMUten S ia^ ) ".7 CORe 7 SS , t i? T J, tllat * he con ‘ Which of these alternatives shall we take ? I
sUtuUdn isfati bj made; that fraud and violence shall not, for my part, cast a vote’that will
shall not prevail. Now, sir, Ido riot care to give success-to those who stood out pdr
raise or debate that question of fact at present; sistemly against the laws; P
Whatever might have b,een held heretofore un- r, n -a -v “ ;
der the former policy, of the government, I can- ■ ™ aybe sald > andl f 23 said . that-, this con
not sec how those who subscribe to the doctrine StltU , t,on a ß r6 T eable { ° the majority of the
thal.the people should be left perfectly free to Pp Pl> °' well, sir, I have searched in vain in
form and regulate their destitutions in their history of legislation on. this
own way, can investigate this question of fair- sub J“ t i ! or^ tie instance ini which that question
ness and form. Is it maintained that we sane- d.st.nctljr raisedand discussed 1 where it
tion the constitution by voting for the admiss- ) va , s c ' alnlad as a d 9 ty on tbe P a ''t of Congress
ion?' -That is not my .understanding The k ? ow that a 'm a Jortey of the people were for
government which the people send here we must n® form ,° f government, which they sent up to |
take"of reject. Ido not speak now of more kongresd. No such case could. have ansen aA
matters of form, but the vital' features of thb -5°j mo F e - 1* the- States heretofore admit
government. . Those we cannot ;iouch. Is it * : . °, se c onstitutions had not been submitted
otherwise held any where ? I have not* beard a to .P°P" lar ote - No could have
senator allege that, by voting for the admiss- ar,s ™ l n the case of the StalOyof my venerable
ioti of Kansas, ho necessarily sanctioned ihtrcon-. was declared in
atitutiony ori/tcc v&sa.‘ “v. the. Union a State befpre the form'of govern-
Now, sir, the.point which;!-wish tb make is “ en ( w a ; s made, not by the proclamation,>l be-;
this: if Congress has no fight to touch the j ,evo > but b-V act of Congress. _ That .could not
work of the people of government fl . a , vo bc S n nn “? I dorta ! n T d fact in regard to Flo-
Which they, have sent here—wha " does it teon- understand
cem us that we inquire how that work was *i? ,a' S>< fi y v a * ca 3e > could have known
done ? Here is a proposition simply to tequX nnf 1 Wh ,be , co ,' ls - tutlon t of
how it was done; conceding that wo have no ' P -°i M, shr,1 ‘ sbow ',. fn .
power over the production itself. Not only the people of Ulonda held a convention,
that; but while this constitution is to' be sent T„ ad^ i Jif onS rfi Utl ?- n ' ?A cy subl , nuted , lt ’ lt
back on the assumption that it was not fairly l s , truo ’ A 0 lbc ratification of the people, and, as
made, what is,proposed in addition? Why.sii- f lea ™ tha hls tory of it, a majority was only
in case this constitution be voted down, the fou ' ld by tW.ng out certam d.stncts on the
people of, Kansas are authorized to elect dele- B ro * lncl ° f informality. _ That constitution was
gates to constitute a new convention ; they are « r be f away ln J be a I“ hlv “
to vote on that constitution, and then, if it be the Senate : Legislative department. Thereit
adopted, they become a State by tbe proclama- ay ' cob 'JAV bed . a P d dusted - oTer ' f ° r al ? lo . n g
tion of the President. ‘ J P ycars - When it became necessary to bring m
Where is the guarantee that that new gov- y °w a as a State, these musty papers were drawn
ernraent will be made fairly ? Wherc,is the ri ' on ' their solitude, and ou tbem Florida was
protection against fraud in that process ? Who n ? ado a .' Vl ° w° a,d say, that in the
supervises that action? If it, is the duty of Slx y car s that intervened, there waa noi a large
Congress, in tbe case of the Leoompton Oonsti- m C , GCSS POp' l,at '° n to the lerntory of Florida?
'tatipn, to see that it is fairly made, it is the t ,lc ' ra f ou . ld !’ ave ( , bo I cn ,o° satisfactory evidence
duty of Congress in every oilier case. If it is .-'-“A4 bo Pe°.Pl e 9* Florida _apprqved
tbe duty of Congress to inquire whether this t‘-°'V’T n .° "“ all .Wflld-havo known fha.t it
constitution has been fairly made, it is an equal' ' mbod ' cd tbe ' r U ’J b 1 on,y P reson t. these lus
obligatibu not to give the opportunity of male- a o *?*' the pUrpOSC , O / showing-that.the
any constitution unfairly. Here is a/nroposi- da f Congress must.knowthat a con
tion to allow the people to make a goveniment. St,ta , t,o £ r™' h the will of a major.ty of the ,
put it in operation, and admit it into the Union, i he ?S bt . ln P ropricty to 1
without its ever making its appearance before admlt the State, is a new doctrine.
Congress at all. Ido not understand how al- But, Mr. President, I have spoken already
leged frauds in this place can Declaimed as rea- .tench longer than I- intended to do. I rose for
sons for returning this constitution, if we at the tb 9 purpose df.conflning myself to a very few
same time authorize the making of a Slate points. • I trust wo are near the close of this
without any guarantee whatever as to how that an g r y debate. For one, lam free fo say to the
power may bo abused, without any protection Seriate and to the country that I am tired of
against fraud,-Violence, and usurpation. this topic of Kansas. lam tired of it in every
Then, sir, there.is another point, and that is sense. Especially am I wbary of it, because I
the extraordinary proposition which makes the oan see ' R an element of growing mischief to
President of the Dotted States perform func- ibis'great, peaceful and happy country of ours,
lion's which'the Constitution, in express words, Why it is I know'not; but it would seem to
vests in-Congress; Ido riot speak now as to bo a dispensation of Providence that we are to
the government of Kansas' that is before us : baTG a v<lry P ,a g ue nmong us in. the- shape of
that we have seen ; that constitution wp haVo this slavery question; living and growing as the
read';' that Congress knows to be republican ; nati bn advances; spreading out yearly, bver
that we may, on’certain conditions, allow the shadowing the whole country like some fatal
President to announce admitted’, and hold that u P as ’ whose poisonous branches shade the very
the State is in the Uniori’; but it is to the other extremities and deal poison and death as the
alternative-T-the rigltt to make a constitution scas °ns roll by. I say, sir, that wo are near
and State government, and put it into the Uh- tbe °^ os ? °f this debate, and with it I trust this
ion by a proclamation of the President,without b2nd wd * be P ut to rest forever—this strife
ever having it befoie Congress at all—that I oh- whfoh is so certainly and so constantly poison
ject. Who knows that be a republican > n g the very .channels,of intercourse between
government ? Who can guarantee that it will greste divisions of this Union, severing the rela
te admiasable in form ? And if republican,may tions 9 bo P eo P'° who ought to bo fraternal
it not contain other features, making it entirely at) d affectionate, and abiding in a common faith,
unacceptable ? Sir, I have riot that measure of Sir > while I have ray notions of this measure, I
confidence in the men who would bo likely to do not cherish them with the tenacity that some
get hold pf this government in Kansas just nbw. do - I desire, however, to make the .admission
Who is satisfied that Gen. Lane would exercise of Kansas and Minnesota an exemplification of
h»^ er , WI -i tedderation ?. Who believes that if truthfulness, of the equity and wisdom of the
dni™.i * ICCI a convention, he would not in- democratic policy that Congress shall no lon
of his feelings of prejudice ger deal with this vexed question ; but’that it
g Sr rinmf he^ State 3 .? shall be left ,to the people of the Territories to
Hmi rnnrin ' surprised if a’ oonstitu* settle for themselves; and they shall quietly
slaves Hint w ?, u *d emancipate the become .States,' with or without slavery. as
the nronertv valno^n 6 - Perrltol 'y . ar id confiscate tbeil ; government may provide at the time of
the property, value m them. I should not be hdmission. ’ -
surprised if a Constitution made in. that wav
without consulting Congress, should attempt '
to interdict or embarrass the execution of the
fugitive slave law, or would set up other issues
with the federal authority; and yet, whilst
Congress might not seriously entertain the idea
of admitting siich a State, the President would
bo obliged to admit it-by proclamation. For
you will notice that it gives the President no
discretion. The duty is imperative on him.
When the facts are properly certified, he must
announce that the State is in the Union.no mat
ter hpw objectionable the Constitution may be.
Here is State-making with a vengeance. Any
measure of fraud may be practised; any extent
of violence and usurpation in making the Con
stitution ; and no matter how badly made, and
yet the State must come in. The proposition
is monstrous.
Now; sir, the subject matter of the bill is
suggestive; it presents a wide field for discuss
ion. I do not intend to pursue it this inorn
ing; but I,"eould not pursuado myself to. vote
quietly on this question. I know that there
are certain very insiduous features about this
GOOD.
This reminds us of an old pulpit "anecdote at
tributed to Rowland Hill. Two strangers pass
sing the church in, which ha was preaching, en
tered. walked up thoaisle. and fihding no scat,
stood for a while and listened to the sermon.—
Presently they turned to walk out. Before
they reached the door the preacher said, “But
I will toll you a story.”
This arrested the strangers,and they paused,
irned again and listened.
“Once there was a man,” said the speaker;
“who said that; if he had all the axes in the
world, made into one,, great axe, and all the
trees in the worla made into one great
tree, and ho could wield the axe and cut down
the tree, ho would make it into one great whisp
lo thrash those ungodly men who turn their
backs upon tho gospel and stop to hear a sto
ry." ' .
Thestraiigers thought they had heard enough
to satisfy their curiosity, and resumed'their
walk in tho street.
. , . v*- \ : r ’ - •
pua country—may it always be eight — dpt bight on. wrong, our country.”
CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY, APR^L■ 22, 1858.
TUB HARP OF A THOUSAND STRINGS,
Come generous friends a little while.
And listen to my song, ■
And though my subject is very gljat, .
My story won’t be lohg. . „
I’m going to sing about the times,
. And several other things—'.
IV’c’ll sing the words and play the tune
. Qn a Harp of a Thonsand'Strhigs.
Religion, Polities and Law, "■ •
Are raging under par,.
As seen by microscopic aid.
In pulpit, lomm, bar:
A toons brought on either oho,,
.The same result still Brings—
A human being playing away
On a Harjp of a Thousand Strings. ;
The preachers don’t pS they used-to do,
, In the good old dllys gone by j ' I
They used to preach of the,souls of men,
’Till they made the women cry;
But they read their sermons now-a-days,
And the choir strikes up a ‘Sing,’
And the folks can’t join when tho tiino is play Id
On a Harp of a Thousand Strings.
The members don’t as thoy Used'to do—
Their zeal and love’s groin cold;
They’re'thinking of the core they’ve raised,
•And how to got'more gold;. ;
And though the preacher,rends quite.well,
Their conscience never sitings ■
They’d rather steal the-crown of gold,
And a Harp of a Thousand Strings. . /
The politician used to ho (,
; A man. of some renown: .b ■ - •
Now, half a dozen would-be-such
Are found in every town;; ,
For when one finds ho can.mafco a speech,
Or soar on buzzard's wings,
He mounts a hobby and plays away
On a Harp of a Thousamy.Slrings.
No matter how corrupt ho is— , e
How off he turns his coat.
The nomination sets himfight—
He gets the people’s vote,;,.:
He eats his fill at! the puhUqvcrib,
Ho drinks atthe-publiosprings—
The charm succeeds —ho plays so well
Oh a Harp of a ■
Then let us take a hasty view
Of Justice and the Barjj p
Alas! how qhickly fve discern,
How altered all things-arh)
The sword and scales-are little need,
The culprit seldom swings j ,
For gold will m ake the lawyers play
On a Harp of a' Thousand Strings.
So turn your eyes to every pert .
Of Uncle Sam’s machine, .f'
Youifi find a screw that’s working loose—
, sforah-oiaco that needs a pin. f
Buh I .must ond ray story now.-
Although my muse still brings;
A verse or two for every chotd
pn a Harp of a Thonaanjl Strings.
— atiottlhinti'47o —
/ • • : n- (>;'
THE lITTLE, COPBTESIES 'OF LIFE.
“ A Kindly word, a pleasant smile, •
Are better far than.gold.” .
A friend some time,since, came to ns and exr
pressed great annoyance at what he regarded as
an act of marked- discourtesy- on tho part of a
gifted and accomplished gentleman, to whom
ho had rendered a valuable service.. He was
quite excited at the' time; hot that ho, cared so
ranch for tho circumstance, but bocatiso it was
calculated to. dim tho high picture-which he had
formed in his mind of the nature of the'man.
He had apt him up as file model of a Christian,
gentleman, the Very embodiment’of a finished,
polished, graceful and dignified character.—
And yet,- to. his surprise, ho found;that ho lack
ed one of tho great essentials, namely, common
courtesy, or ordinary politeness. In other
words, he had either refused or declined to an
swer a note that had been sent to him on his
own business, and this refusal was kept up for
days, until it became necessary to refresh his
'memory anti offer one or two sharp admonitory
remarks. But this is no extraordinary case. It
is but one of thousands. The little courtesies
of daily life, t,he kindly and graceful amenities
which are so admirably calculated to sweeten
the relations between m‘an and man, and to im
part a genial spirit to our social every day inter,
course, are .tod frequently neglected. TVe do
not sufficiently’ appreciate, our own self respect,
or the feelings'apd gpo^- Wishes of others. This
is the more culpablcffoi'xpuHesy and kindness
are at the c'ommapd,qf;W 'Classes—the poor as
well as the richf.ftlofinmble as well ns the ele
vated. Thoro-niff homo persons who never
think it-rjottltyvkilc 1 to reply to a note or, an in
vitation, pnloasi.spme especial business matter
bOVinvojvfilJfJkiitßi'q dro Others again, who never
neglect'6<rSh'%ij'*act'.of courtesy and duty. In
the first', irritations and
occur, and' in the
last theVo^illf,lre avoided. Sdme one has ob:
Served, that the little courte
sies of Jjfpu^riitlld. - : ()0 regarded, ns among the
minor- virtimmand; their practice should bo en
couraged rgntj 'cultivated from ’ early,'youth.—
What, fumed,, tould fie more delightful than
the interchange, of eiyility, kindnoss and good
will, on all proper occasions between friends and
neighbors-?' .’What is so calculated to.soften the
rugged-path of existence, and to give to the hu
man heart agreeable feelings ? Some time since
a’gentleman- and lady wore betrothed, and the
proposed union was looked upon in' the most
approving-manner by the parents of both par
ties
, It so happened that tbo former had occasion
i to'visit Europe, andfo remain abfoad something
like six months. Ho wrote homo elaborately,
or a fow words by every packet; hut during the
t whole of thia-period ho received hut three let
ters in'reply, and of a character so brief, as to.
show that the fair correspondent took very little
interest oith.or in. the subject or the object to
whom the cpistlosworbaddressed. 1 The effect
was to annoy, irritate, create a coolness, and
■ Anally to break off the match. The truth is, no
one likes to bo treated either with indifference
or contempt. A sense of self-pride revolts
against such conduct. The courtesy wo extend
to others, wb naturally and properly desire to
see extended to ourselves in return. Recipro
city is the very soul of harmony, friendship and
good feeling. A sensitive individual may bo
aggrieved and wounded, just ns ready by indif
ference and neglect, as by an open and studied
insult. B\/.courtesy, wo do not moan affecta
tion, hollow pretence, shallow hypocrisy and ur
tiAcinl manners. • On the contrary, thoso are all
miserable counterfeits. But wo refer to a go
nial, generous and kindly spirit, a'sense of np.
predation, a recognition of equality, a truthful
air, and a fhmk and manly bearing. Hot a day
goes by, in which all these qualities cannot bo
exhibited more or less, especially in the sphere,
and aniong tho friends withwhomwo move'and
mingle. There is, on the other hand, nothing
more • unworthy, unmanly, pitiable and mean
than d disposition to fyranizo over and insult,
not directly, perhaps, but indirectly, those who,
in some sense may seem to bo dependent upon
us, or whom, in the exercise of q false pride,
wo may imagine we can outrage with impunity.
The little courtesies of life never shino so sweet,
ly or brightly; ns when they are manifested by
the rich towards-thepoor, or by the powerful
;|MrnL
. I .
. ... . . _ , .
1
•,,
, .
towards the weak. They then becomo a grace
and embellishment of tho character, and while
they adorn the one party with a moral -lustre,
they kindle in the hearts of tho other feelings 1
of kindness, affection and good will. But cour
tesy is never out of place. It is never thrown
away. If always has its effect, and sometimes
it tolls tar more efficiently than formal service, I
or even heavy obligations.— Phila. Inq.
PEN DROPS.
—A bubble on the ocean’s rolling wave.
lafc—Agloara of light extinguished by the
Famt?*j-A meteor dazzling with its distant
glare. ■.-iX
■ Wealth—A source of trouble and consuming
cafe. •
/Pleasure—A gleam of sunshine passing soon
»,way. ... ' - .- '
/ Love—A morning dream whose memory gilds
the day.
Faith—An anchor dropped beyond tho vale
of death.
Hope—A long star beaming o’er the barren
heath.
Charity—A stream meandering from the
fount of love. ,
Bible—A guide to realms of cndlea&joy
above.
Religion—A key which opens .wide the gates
of,Heaven. . , ',
..Death—A knife by which the lies of earth
Ih re riven. ■ ' -
. Earth—A desert through which pilgrims
wciid their way.
Grave—A house of rest where ends life’s wea
ry day. : , .
Resurrection-—A sodden wakening from a
quiet dream. :
Heaven—A land of joy, of light and love su
preme. - ■' •.
iilarflagc for Show;
To (lie-question often asked of y oung men as
to why they, do not marry, we.sometinics hear
the reply,, •! I am not able to support a wife.”
In one case in three, perhaps, this may be so ;
but as a general tiling; the true rfeply would bo,
“ I am not able to support the style in which
ny wife ought to live.”. In this, again, we, see
a false view of marriage : a,looking to ah ap
pearance in the world ; instead of a union with
a loving womui for her'own sake. There are
very few men, ofjndustrious habits, who cam,
not maintain a wife, if they are willing to live
economically;; and without- reference to the
opinion of-the world. The great evil is, they
are not content to begin life humldy, to retire
an obscure position :and together
work thcipHray into lho world—hdby industry
in his cnllingy'niid she by dispensing with pru
dence the moncyjthat ho’earns. But they must,
stand out aud attract the attention of others by
fine houses and fine clothes.
The Maple Tree.
. There is no shade tree so valuable as the ma
ple,and no object more, commendable than the
encouragement of its growth, as proposed in
this article:.- - v ,v -
. “Plant them by the, road side—plantV item
m the/arm lanes—plant them by the side of,
rooks, stones, brooks, bill-sides, and in waste
places, and in your farm yard and stable-yard;
you can tap them above the. reach of animals,
and hang your buckets, and the flow will be
just as great as though tapped down at the
roots. No tree can bo planted with more cer
tainty of profit than the sugar maple. Its form
and foliage are beautiful: .its shade deligjilful ;
its sap delicious and healthful in all stages'from
tie water, to its honey-like syrup on the hot
buckwheat cakes; a,nd its sweet products will
always bo saleable and profitable. Maple syr
rup would outsell the very best ‘golden syrup’
at any time in the cities, if it was for sale; and
maple sugar is Sold, tons of it, every year in
the confectioner’s shops, and in the street.to be
eaten like candy, at 30 to 50 cents a pound
There will always be a market .for any surplus
that the country can' produce, but that is not
the grand object with us in urging its increase
production. It is because it will greatly in
crease the happiness of the farmer’s home, ft ■
is for that we ask—are you ready ?”
tEr - An interesting case came otf last week,
beforethe Recorder's Court in Kansas city
One Dri J. B. Chapman became enamored, last
fall, with a beautiful and accomplished young
lady by the name of Miss Little. Her charms
were so prepossessing as to cause the Doctor to
iriiporfune her greatly to join him in the holy
.bonds of wedlock. The Doctor being old—near
sixty, arid she young and beautiful, she requir
ed him to advance her a bonus on the promise
of'marriage, 'To this the Doctor readily con
sented, and made over to her, according to his
account, about S'J.OOO worth of property; Since
she came in possession of the property she de
clined marrying him and he brings his suit to
recover the property, alleging that it was ob
tained through fraudulent'pretences. Shepleads
flint the Doctor is a married man, and therefore
9110 would not marry Mm, andethat she, did not
learn this until after the courtship. . Tho suit
wont against tho Doctor.
Adohioines at the Capitol.— Not the least
interesting feature of life at the Capitol, at tho
present time, is the largo number of Western
Indians there, on business with thoGovornment.
As they mingle familiarly with Caucasian gal
lantry and beauty, on tho fashionable promen
ades, their savage mien and barbarian costumes
contrast strangely with the elegant carriage' and
nilistio.tollots of civilization and refinement.—
Tho other day, a portion of tho Sionx delega
tion, now there, desiring to seo how “bad men”
are treated by their white brethren, wore con.
ducted to the United Slates' Penitentiary, and
shown tlie prisoners at work. When told that
tho prisoners were kept within tho walls for
years hard at work without pay, and without the
privilege of going put, or , associating with their
“squaws,”'.they’signified by a variety of gut.
(oral exclamations, their opinions of tho severi
ty of tho punishment, and they were apparently
impressed with horror on seeing an unruly con
vict Confined in n dark, narrow cell. ’ This
sooitied to (hem tho most frightful punishment
that could bo inflicted; and such it would un
doubtedly bo, to the wild and free red men of
the forest. • 1
Get a Home. —Get a homo, rich dr poor,got
a homo, and Icarn to love that homo, and make
' it Imppy to wife and children by your beaming
presence ; learn to love simple pleasures, flow
ers of God’s own planting, and music of his
own ; the bird, wind and waterfall. So shall
you help to stem the tide of desolation,poverty
and despair, that comes upon so many through
the scorn of little things. Oh. the charm of a
little home; comforts dwell there that shun the
gilded halls of society. Live humble m, your
'■•tie homo, and look to God for' I* one
K7*.“ Ah, Mr. Simpkins, \vc ha>
enough for our company’” said a
wife to her frugal husband.
“Plenty of chairs, ducky, hut too much
company,” replied Mr. "Simpkins.
■ K7”“Ma, that nice young man, Mr. S., is
very fond of kissing.”
. ” Mind your seam, Julia, who fold you such
nonsense I” ,
“Ma, I had it from his own lips.” . ; J
Are always in active demand' from May 10
September,in 'the vicinity of all our large cities,
ana larger towns. Of course they arcprofita
ble to the, farmers, and Small landholders and
cottagers, who breed them. This is a good
month to set the hens, and hatch them out.
For this purpose, a warm hen-house, and coops
in sunny places is required. Let the eggs-be
kept in, a proper temperature; till the hen is
ready to sit on them; Thirteen is a’proper
number for a clmoh of chickens. When hatch
ed, if milk curds can bo had, this is their best
food. If not, soaked bread lor the first few
days, and after that, Indian meal well cooked,
like mush for your own table. Raw meal, wet
up in the usual way, is harsh and scouring'for
their delicate stomachs. Whop a few weeks
bid, chopped cabbage, 'sives.’and other tender
vegetables, are to be added, and sour milk is
the very best drink they can have.’
We would by all means, entrust the early
chickens to wonian ’s care. She seems,to possess I
the necessary instinols—worth all the boys and
men in the country. We have known a Scotch,
Dutch, or Irish washerwoman’s cottage, sur
rounded by a close walk alive with early chick
ens, when the gentleman’sand farmer's premi
ses would scarce, supply a fowl for, the table be
fore September. .
Don’t keep the ‘big’ breeds for spring chick
ens .cither. A close, compact, early matured
fowl is the thing for this purpose. • In most
largo towns a large fat chick, the size of a
quail, will sell for as much in May or JunC, as
a-full grown one will in October; and if they
only know you have.them, the tavern-keepers
and pedlars will be after them cvCry day in the
week. To the Habit'these latter people'.have of
confining them in close filthy coops for days to
gether, we enter our protest. It is cruel to the
chickens. It poisons and defiles the taste of
the flesh. It makes them, poor. Exerciser
good air, and plenty of good food they should
have, till wanted for the table; and every one
who keeps them on hand for immediate use.
should be well provided with yards, and roost
ing accommodation. To make chickens edibly
perfect;they should come upon the table plump,
juicy, and full of their own natural gravy.—
“Plump as a partridge.” is the term which
should always be truthfully applied to the ear
ly .chicken ; and if they be not so, half their
excellence is lost, while, if in perfection of flesh,
they are, a positive luxury.
4 Desperate Man Escaping From Justice,
After I hud taken my seat one morning, at
Paddington, in an empty railway carriage. I
was joined, just as the train was moving bn, by
a strange looking young' man, with remarka
■ hly 16ng flowing hair. ; He was of course, a lit
tle hurried, but ho ,seemed, besides, to be so
disturbed and wild, that I ;was quite alarmed
for fear of. his not being right in his mind, nor
did his subsequent'conduct at all re-assure me.
Our train wits an express','and he enquired, at
once, which was the first station whereat we
were advertised to stop. • I consulted my Brad
shaw, and I furnised him,, with .the required in
jormajibn,:. It was The, young man
looked at his watch. Madam,” said, heil
have half airhbur bet ween me and, it may be
ruin.' Excuse, therefore, my abruptness. Ton
have, I perceive, n pair of, scissors in-your
workbag;_ Oblige, if you please, by duttingoff
alliny hair.” “Sir, ’ said I, “it is impossi
ble.” “ Madam,” and a look of severe deter
mination crossed his features, “ I ath a desper
ate man. Beware how you refuse me what I
ask. Cut my hair off—short, close to the
roots —immediately ; and here is a newspaper
to hold the ambrosials curls.” I thought he
was mad, ol course, and believing that it would
bo dangerous to thwart him, I but off all his
hair to'the last lock. - “Now, Madam,” said
he, unlocking a small portmanteau, “ you will
further oblige me by looking out of the window,
ns I a,m about to change my clothes.”. Of
course I looked out of the window for a very
considerable lime, and when heohserved, “Mad
alfi, I need no longer put you to any inconven
ience,” I did not not recognize the ybung man
in the least. Instead of his former rather gay
.costume, he was attired in black, and wore a
gray wig and silver spectacles; he looked like a
respectable divine of the Church of England, of
about 04 years ofago ;to complete that charitC- '
ter, he hold a volume of sermons in his" hand,
which—they appeared so to absorb him—might
have been his own.
i “I do not wish to threaten you; young la
dy,” lie resumed, “ and I think, besides, that I
can trust your kind face. Will you promise
•me not to reveal tin's metamorphosis until your
journey’s end “ I will,” said' I, -‘most cer
tainly.” • At Heading the guard and a person
,in pldin clothes looked into pfir carriage. “You
have the ticket, thy fove,’’ said the young man,
blandly, and looking at me as though he were
my father. Never mind, Sir; wo don’t want
them,” said the official, as ho withdrew, his
companion. “ I shall now leave you, ifadam,”
observed my fellow traveler, as soon rid the
coast was clear; by your kind and courageous
conduct you'have shvcd 'my life, and perhaps
even your own.” In another minute he was
gone and the train was in motion. Not till the
next-morning did I learn from The Times news
paper that the gentleman on whom I had oper
ated as haircutter had committcd a forgery to
an" enormous amount in London ft few hours be
fore I met him, and‘, that bo had been tracked
into an express train from Paddington, but
that—although the telegraph had been put in
motion and described him acurately—at Head
ing, when the train was searched, he was no
where to be found.
A Discriminating Judge.— The police Cottrt
of the thriving town of B , in Maine, which
boasts a bay rivalling that of Naples,.is presi
ded over by one Judge W , who is some
thing of a wag as well ns a lawyer. On one
occasion, while enjoying a postprandial “fetfst
of reason and the flow of so'til”vf ith some of the
jolly fellovjs of that region, the judge was sum
moned to the court-room, to try an Irishman
arrested for drunkenness. Having heard the
testimony, which clearly proved the crime, the
judge asked the accused VyTlavo you any
friends?” “No, yolar.-dionor.” Judge W
, “Have you any money ?"•;.“ No, ypur
honor.” “ Then, said Judge W—~ ~ “if you,
have no friends and no money, I must proceed:
to pronounce the sentence of the court, which
is, that you be imprisoned for thirty I'days in
the bouse of correction—and may -God- nave
mcr y on your soul.”
The following is a specimen of sharp
shooting between a coquette and her lover :
" You men are angels when you woo the maid.
But dcvils.when the marriage vow is paid.’’
The lover not to bo outdone, replied as fol
lows:
■“ The change, dear girl, is easily forgiven.
We find We arc in hell instead of heaven.”
afgrSttdt.
'W not chairs
gay young
O - When an English lady, at whose house
Dr. Johnson was dancing one day, asked him if
he did not think her pudding yery good.
“ Yes,” growled;, the’great moralist, “ it IS
very good fdr hoffsi““ 1 1
“Shall I helpyou-fo another plateful, then?"
said'the polite hostess!
AT $2,00 PUR ANNUM
NO. 45.
Spring Chickens,
From the Washington Union of theloth, -
T/ic Fancy Ball in Washington.
Tho fancy ball given on Tticsdaycvening, at
the rcsideneo of Senator Gfwin,, faliy realized
tho highest expectations of those who partici
pated in its novel and was pronoun,
ced one of tho most magnificent chieftaimhehta
oC the kind ever given in this Conntry. The
house as ■ largo, admirably adapted for A large
gathering j nor had any pains or expense .been
spared ■ in preparing and ornamenting, ihp many,
spacious apartments thrown open. A-fine band
music discoursed inspiring strains for the
“nd there was a prolusion of refrosh
snnmH B ° rveil " p <lurin S tho evening, with a
sumptuous supper at midnight. ~
1 he guests were announced in their assumed
characters by an usher, and were received by
„' S L dressed as a Marquise of
the Court of Fonts XIV. Fortho benefit of our
lady readers at n distance, wo wifi state that this
splendid cost ume was a skirt of white moire art
tiqno silk (rimmed ivitJi deep flotuiccaof nuo’
a tlAin op cherry-colored satin trim
med with a ruche of the same materials Tho J
boddice was (rimmed with lace, and tlio coift'uro 1
was of that’’ elaborately arranged and powdered
, fashion peculiar to tho old French, ctiurt'.’ silo
Til? a s sist l, y ller . eldest daughter, bccomihgly'
1 i | s a Crock Ctrl, and attended by a yobpg
ot daughter, dressed ns a Court Page. ■ ■
ri *'?;*• rc3 'dent of the United States, SeqretA*
c„ r „| ancl Thompson, anti abolit twenty,
l'f°™ privileged to appear in citizens’/
in fjirir’i. s " es,ts wore invited to appear'
a " d variety, brilliancy,
seonA t f J . ony the dresses, made tho
sceno/novel and interesting, * _
\froC l ' 11 ? -among. tho ladies present wefret
Mrs. Senator Clay as Mrs. Patliugton, attendll
by tho wilfoi Ido, Mrs. Senator aid
Cantonniore. Mrs. Senator Davis asMadameDo
Stnel, Mrs. SeUator-Halo os a-Spanish Duenna-
Mrs. Senator Douglas Onaeley
as o French Marciiipricss, Lady Napior.as a la
dy of (he‘Olden .Time, Madame db.Slbebel as A
Countess of Henry fheFourthfs feign, Mies Cash.
as a Marquise of the snipe. reign, Miss Wlnder
as Folly, Miss Halo as Morning, Miss Marfift 40
a Vifaiidlcio, Bliss Bradley ns Night, Mrs. fien r f
dieton as the Star Spangled Banner, Mrs.Beli
ser as Hannnli'Piim, Mrs. GrflcnlipwnanHonso
keeper, Mrs. Hughes ns Little lied Biding Hood/ '
.Miss Mechlin as a Spanish Peasant Girl, ; MiS(f
Borg as an. Indian Princess, Miss Parker as the* .
Goddess pf Liberty, Miss SemmeS, as Laayi ,
Charlotte Berkley, Miss Ray ns a FldWer .
Miss Porter as MadamePompaijour,Mrs,Evan#
a? Isabella, of Spain, Mrs. Claytqn,as a Lady .oi
the Republican Coprf,. Miss Beach its a Glpsoy,
— : hut we have not spate to‘ further prolong tHd
bead-roll ofbeanty. , ■
Tlio costumes of tlio gentlemen were equally
varied and elegant, ns an enumeration of a fcw
of them will show, Mr, Clingtnan appeared a&
a gentleman of the 20lh centnty, Mr. Cochrano.
as a Mntadorj Mr. Kcilt as Buckingham, Major.
Haveiand ns a Knight in veritable armor; Maybf
Magrudor as a Highland Chjetlain, Capt.NoJiqfj| ,
as Falstatl, .Lieutenant' Jtowry ns (ho. Knight qf •
GwynnOj Mr. Hughes as nn Oxford Student, Mr,'
Kingman as a Diplomatist,; wearing, President
Monroe’s court dross;. Mt. Trowbridge as ,i£
Rauchero, Col.Magniderns the King of Pills *
sia, Mr. J. -Buchanan Henry ns Sir Roger dp'
Coverly, Mr. Ledynrd as ah Egyptian Officer,'
Mr. Gillot ns a Filibustoro, Mr. Irvingh'safj[na-
Ucr, and the Turkish officers, were present in’
their full and richly embroidered' uniforms. .
The effect produced by so large an assemblage 7
in those varied costumes,'which were generally
made of rich materials, and were Ornamented
with plumes, gqid lace, and jewels, was 'pictuf-i
osquely beautiful, and while some threaded the
mazes of tho dance, others engaged in hmporV
ous conversation, often idehtifyitig themselveif
with the characters which .tl:eynssuthc£ .Tlio
supper Was served lip ip Gautier’s best , stylo,
and it was. daylight, Out of doors before tho
guests ceased dancing. ■ ■ ' •
The Washington Motel Mystery.
Wo cpnveraed’yeatefday' intelli
gent gentleman of this city, oiio'pi -the
of the American Telegraph Com()any ; who (a
iamong the sufferers by the.mysterious aiaealq
which broke out in Washington City justprior .
,tp the lastpyosidentiid inuugntatiqnr '-i’tpm'.i
condition of groat.bqdily vigor and a qomforta
hlp -degree' of .corpulency, be was-gradually
wasted until reduced to a feeble invalid. Dnr
-1 ing the many weary days of oonflnehicnf.:ai(o’f
ted him, hb.has watched thq jirogreaa pf tfiema-,
Indy till the list of deceased victims has reached
twenty-seven, inciuding mnny eminent, names,
and he-calculates that out of a total oftbrpq 1 ,
hundred sufferers, nt least, one half pro in a state,
of decrepitude no better thanbis own. In tp)i&
of nil the theories which"have beep,,advanced
by medical men and sanitary committees,. lie.
adheres to the belief that the fatal epidemic, as
it, was called, was occasioned by nothing-olsd.
than a malignant mineral poison j and the sarriq :
opinion is held by other sulferers with whom htf
has conversed.’ Up to a recent period; he was
treated by a physician of this neighborhoqcTaa
for a malarious or atmdsphiric poison, with no
perceptible .oohellt; bht upon the.physician and’
treatment being changed, substituting an anti
dote to arsenic, favorable symptoms became at 1
once apparent, and liti is ho.w (ibid to leave hid
apartment, Tho conclusions of the mshlrigtoii
examining committee, which attributed the djs.
ease.to noxious effluvia, inav have boon influ
enced to some extent by the desire at that {ibid
existing to sechre a largo appropriation] from
tho oily government for nh extensive system, of
sewerage, and which has slrthe been obtained. .
TTliateyer flip origin ,of the disease,;it id Very
.diffleiflt to Salisiacforily nccbunt for aUthb'frhe
nqniefin attending it, especially the slonvdcad
iy manner in which it preys upon the systems
year after year, until (ho vital principle 1 is de
stroyed, . and. tho strong., man, prematurely cut
off, unless the, agency of a malignanf mineral
poison is admitted.
A Goon Wii itewu sir. As, this la.ltd season
of the year When people begin to glean .tip and
hiako things look fresh tor the approaching stihu
mer, the following retihos for the best aml clicnp
pat.whitewashes, both tor the'outside and the
I bongos, from.the Sqicnliflc Mmeticun\
will no dplrbt be received with pleasure) by all
who. study comfort and cleanliness,.
Take half a bushel Of fresh-burned White lime,
and_slaclc_jt either with but or cold watur in a
tub or barrel. When, thoroughly slacked, dls---
solvo in the water required to' fliin fiui lime,two
quaits of common salt, stir it thoroughly! add
one quart of sweet milk, and it Is ready for usd
tp put on will) a brush, , : . '
This wash fa' lot the outside of buildings')
fences, Sic., and is. very dnrahlq. Soma put
glue in whitewash, and others flour and rice
paste; Ipil those render it liable to scale off in
very dry weather.;. . . (j,
The above wash may be made a create color
by the addition pfochre. .. .
The above whitewash is all that can bo desir
ed for the interior Of'hpusCs,' excepting the salt,
it must be omitted, as it fends to' iinbibe Inois
turo. Trench white is superior to lime wastes
lor the ceilings, as it is not so liable to turn yel
lowish in color, but it rubs off so easily that it
cannot bo-used for side walls.
where’s tho frying pan ?” “Jcm
my’sgot it, carting mud and, oyster-shells up
theallpy, with the cat for a horse.” “ The
dear little fellow, what a genius ho will make!
but go and gel it, we’re going to have' compa
ny, and must fry some fish for dinner.”
K 7” The gentleman who attempted to cut his
throat with a sharp joke, a few days since, has
ngain inadc a rash'attack upon his “victualling
department” by stabbing himself with a point
of hdnor.
tC7°’ “.Doqs smoking offend yon ?" inquired a
landlord of hi.S newly arrived border. ‘ , '
11 Not at all, sir.”
“ I am very glad to bear it, ns yon will find
your chimney much given to tho practice.’.’ 1:
O'?" A gcnlleipan presented A iaco collar tor
tho object, of hi.f adoration, and; m a jocular
way,-said, "'Do not let any one else rumple
»r ” :
“ No, dear, ” said tire lady; “T will lake it
off.” ; • •
0I7” A coxcomb, talking of tho ’transmigra
tion" of souls, said— ■ --•
" In the tinio of Moses I have no dbtibt I : wds
the golden calf.” "-y,
Very likely," replied a lady, “and time has
robbed you of nothing but the guilding.”