* aiierjcm Yoimmu ;anS JB. BE-ATTO.’V, Ertiloi 4 CAIH.ISI.E, PA., JAS. 18, 1855-. ' An Apprentice mo learn tho Printing business, will be teken I IbiJ office, if application bo made soon, rfone but O smart,-active. intelligent good boy. end possessing a good education, need “PP'y- Tofchoy possessing tho above qualities, and of 16 year* of age, a good opportunity to learn the piloting la offered ■ [p-Messrs. Wherry and Donaldson, of tbc State Legislature, trill please'accept our thanks for sending us documents. We return our thanks to tho editors of the Harrisburg Telegraph, for sending ns an early copy of Got. Pollock's Inaugural Ad dress. ItfAuoonAL Address of Gov. Pollock. — Wo publish to-day Gov. Pollock’s Inaugural Address, which he delivered at Harrisburg on Tuesday afternoon. We have given it but a cursory perusal, and have no time to speak of it this momiog. Uis a tame paper, contain ing some good and many bad suggestions.— Motq anon. ? *p<waTT Auditors.—The Auditors of Cum berland county are now in session, engaged in settling the county accounts for the past year. The Board consists of the following named gen tlemcnr J B. Drawbangh, Jacob Steinman and Isaac Bingwalt. py»Tho West Chester Jej/'eraonton, of week before last, publishes an excellent and well written editorial, under the caption of ‘‘Sixty Clergymen in Ofte Legislature I” - We intended It should bo a good article when we permed it as a leader for the columns of our oten paper! Omo Columbian-—W - e perceive that A. M. Gamokwbb, Esq., lormorly of Carlisle, has be come one of the editors of the above named pa per, published at Columbus, Ohio. In his ad dress he tyiys the paper “will advocate the cause' and support the policy of the Independent Demo cracy,” and “ oppose Involuntary Personal Servitude.” Mr. Gangewcr is an able and rea dy writer, an energetic business man, and in his hands (bo “ Columbian,” which is a largo and handsome sheet, must prove a valuable and interesting paper. Pecuniarily, we wish onr old irlend and former townsman abundant suc cess. Drpartctbb of Missionaries. —Rev. Pro fessor “Wentworth, (well known in Carlisle,) •Uto of Dickinson College, sailed on Monday with hia wifoknd son in the hark Storm, trom New York, for Hong-Kong. Professor Went worth goes out to join the anission family in Chinn, nndcr the care of the Methodist Episco pal Church. -To Get up a Houd*t. —Find some destitute family to whom yon can secretly send a barrel of dour.. Lot your right hand pay for it without allowing the left to know of the deed. Try it, and your heart will have a holiday. s nyTnoMii E. Feanklin, Esq., of Lnncas. Mr, la to be Gov. Pollock’s Attorney General. tET'Only one of our first seven Presidents bad a son (Adams,) and he succeeded his father In the occupancy of tbo White House. We find tbo above Hem *< going the rounds” of *h» papers,.and we-thluk ll is incorrect. If we do not greatly err, John Quincy Adams, the tizih President, also left a son, Charles Francis, who in 1952 was the Free-Soil candidate for the Vice Presidency. Perhaps, however, but iittlo account is mode of him, as the mantle of bis father has evidently not fallen upon him. laoir Works Stopped. —Messrs. Parke & Bro., have shut down tbo gate of thoir rol'lng mill on Big Elk, till tho dawn of “better times.” They manufacture boiler plate, and havo in store in the cities $60,0U0-worth, for which they find no sales. In tbns being compelled to ccaso operations, they, of course, havo had to dis charge their bands, which will help to make “ hard times.” Notwithstanding the Incessant, and, in most eases, causeless cry about" hard times,” there ore some gentlemen engaged in the manufacture of iron who are now reaping a very profitable harvest by their persoveronce and diligent ap plication to business. Among them, we might mention Pena F. Ear., Esq., the proprietor of the Carlisle Iron Works, situate in South Mid. dleton township, In this county. Mr. Ege’s Foresee Is now in full blast and doing a large and profitable business. We learn that it is his intention to “go ahead,” regardless of the croak, log snd silly clamor raised every now and then In relation to hard times, and which has only the effect ol frightening men of nervous temper ments and who have little or no capacity for business. Mr. Eoz knows (hat Ihe best cure for hard times is Industry, economy, and untir log energy. vm HiREISBUIi. Tuesday last was a stirring day at llama-1 burg. Jakes Pollock was inaugurated Gov ernor at 2 o’clock. P- M., at which hour Gov I Biolkr’s official term expired. A great crowd Of people attended to witness the ceremonies.] and the military parade, under command nf Maj. Gen. Kkim, of Heading, was grand end) Imposing. The fourth annual meeting of the Pennsylvania Agricultural Society also took placo at Harrisburg on the same day. In the evening a grand military and civic Innugura-! tion Ball was held, at which they danced all night, and the beaux went “home with the girls in Ufa morning.” The day was beautiful, and UtA whole thing passed oil pleasantly. om MBS CONVENTION, Tho Old Soldiers Convention at Washington, last weak, roust have been a very imposing af fair. Judge Sothema-so ot this State, prod d«d over tho deliberations ot the Convention— | About sixteen hundred veterans vrere in alien.] danco as delegates. They paid a visit to the President of the United States in n body, and received two hospitalities of tho White House, and were also addressed by the President in a\ very neat and appropriate speech. They also j risi tod Mount Vernon, where arc deposited the' ashes of the immortal WasuiKoiON, and tho incidents of that visit, ns described in the pa ' pets (Were of themost interesting character. The Keystone State was well represented in tho Convention—old Mother Cumberland furnish ing her full quota, as sho has ever dona when her country called for bravo hearts and willing hands to siistain her honor. Among the spoak *rs before the convention, that Ex- OoTi Birtran, Gen. Wlaws Foui-a, and Gen, T; (j. Jititi.EU of this county, took a part. Wo siitcrroly hope that Congress may see tho pro priety and tho justice of grouting tho old Sold iers the small boon tboy ask- A MID HOVE—ASOTHEB B. S. BANK ! The following is a copy of a petitidn-to the Legislature that is now being circulated in all parts of out Commonwealth. Hundreds, of copies of these petitions are in this county, and are receiving the signatures of scores of our political opponents: ' /' To the Honorable ihe Senate and House of Rep* resentatives , of the Commonwealth of Penn • sylvania, in General Assembly met: . The undersigned citizens of said Common wealth, moat respectfully, yet earnestly repre sent to your honorable bodies: That you pass a law directing all the public works now had and held by tbo said Commonwealth, to be sold at public sale, unconditionally, to the highest and best bidders. Giving and granting unto or] persons, company or compacts, the right and privilege of banking; with; say one-flflh of I the nett amount of such part or parts as shall be sold in pursuance of said law; And we would al-! so, most respectfully suggest, that one-third of I said fifth be located in the city of Philadelphia; 1 one-third of the same bo located in the city of Pittsburg; and tho remaining third in such placo or places as your honorable bodies may, designate. And we, as in duty bound, will ever pray, Ac. Should tho present Know-Nothing Legisla ture enact a law* in compliance with the above' petition, we shall once more have the corrup tioua and vilainics of a monster bank to com-, bat. The proposition to establish such an in stitution and the plan suggested for raising the capital stock, is pregnant with the worst kind of corruption. Just think of our proud old Commonwealth selling her valuable and gigantie'Public Improvements, to raise money to establish a MONSTER -Bakk, whoso officers would bo the minions of the greedy cormorants now in power In this State, and whose chief object would bo to rob widows end orphans and swindle the people in the same manner they were swindled by the defunct U. S. Bank. Monstrous I But, will the Legislature grant such a priv ilege as is asked by the petition above quoted 1 Wo can scarcely think so. Corrupt as the , present Legislature evidently is—the House of Representatives particularly—and, composed as it is, in a great measure, of broken-down and condemned political backs, still we cannot be- lieve that a proposition so monstrous in its character, can receive the sanction of the Leg islature. A fear of the people, and a presenti ment of tar and feathers, will, wo think, deter our Know-Nothing law-makers from granting the prayer of the petitioners. We have no con ftdence, however, in tbo Legislature. The Senate, it is true, is composed of much better material than the House, and if the Demo, crats and o!d line Whigs will but stick togeth er, and pull together in thwarting the schemes of the political gamblers who compose the ma- jority in the House, we may hare some hopes still left (hat our old State will not be disgra ced and sold by the Goths and Vandals into whose keeping she is now most unfortunately placed. Wo will hope for the best, and must re new oor energies to crush the villainies of the present powera-that-be as fast as they shall be developed. STATE TREASURER. Eli Slitkr, of Union county, (Whig and K. N.,) was, on Monday last, elected State Treasurer, by the Legislature. Of the 125 votes cast, he received 89, and Ephraim W. Hamlin, (Democrat*) of Wayne county, re ceived 35. Mr. Bailt, the present Treasurer, received! vote! It is almost universally be lieved that Mr. Bailt recently joined the Know-Nothings—he was initiated at Lancas ter^—and expected by this kind of treachery to his own party, to be continued in office. But. his stratagem failed—the Whigs and Know- Nothings, be should have known, never support a Democratic Know-Nothing for a good office, and they cast him off. The Democrats, dis gusted with Mr. Bailt’s truckling to the new order, refused to vote for him, and gave their votes to Mr. Bakun. Wa have always been the fast friend of Joseph Bailt. and are sorry to ace him placed in his present humiliating position. Yet, wo can have but little sympa thy for him now. Ho has deceived bis best friends, in the expectation of retaining office, and he has received his just deserts. He was repudiated by Democrats, Whigs and Know- Nothings, and we are glad of it. THE STATE LEGISLATURE. "What is doing in our legislature ?” is the question asked ua nearly every hour of the day. Well, thus for the Legislature has done—noth ing ' If It would only continue to do nothing, it would bo fortunate for the people ; for, as at present composed, and a Governor of the same "stripe,” we can expect "no good to come out of Nazareth. ” A few bills, it is true, hare been read in the House, but no action had thereon.— ,We may mention the character of a few of j them. A bill to give negroes the right to vote **l our elections; a bill to prevent foreigners from being naturalized, and, as n consequence, j prevent them from voting ; a bill, to prevent t the sale of spirituous liquors, {w« believe the members of the present Legislature arc to be exempt from its provisions ;) ten or fifteen bills for new bank charters, Ac. Ac. Two or three new offices have been created in the House, at on extra expense to the people of over $l,OOO. This is the "retrenchment and economy,” that wo hoard so much about previous to the clcc i lion. Such is n history of the doings of the i present miserably weak Legislature thus far.— I Wo should be thankful it is no worse! Cosonuafl.—ln the Senate, on Wednesday, the first Monday in February was assigned for the consideration of Mr. Underwood's resolu tion relative to freedom of religious worship in .foreign countries. Mr. Rrodhead reported a I resolution from the Naval Committee to send \ one or more vessels in starch of Dr. Kano.— Among the petitions presented was ono from V Mr. Q. P. Marsh, asking remuneration for his 5 [judicial services in the Cost, and also for bis * {mission to Greece. Also one from various merchants asking Congress to provide against 1 the difficulties arising from tho abolition 1 } of corporeal punishment of seamen.— Tho debate on the Judicial Reform bill ' was continued. In the House. Mr. Richardson ' introduced a bill to improve tho Mississippi 3 river and its tributaries. Tho bill to ampnd tho Land Graduation act was taken up, tho 1 Homestead amendment rejected, and then tho • bill itself negatived. A Giraffe Drowned.— On the 30th ult., a monster giraflo, belonging to tho menagerie of Mr. Van Amburg, while being removed from tho steamship Philadelphia, at New Orleans, fell overboard and drowned. It to said to have cost $15,000. ABUSE OP ADOPTED CIUZESS. - (C7*ThoK. N.’a were defeated at the Mayor alty-elections in Pittsburgh and Allegheny on Tuesday. The population of the city is about tiro thirds Dutch and three quarters Irish., -' We clip the above precious morceau from the. last number of the Baltimore Wnidy Clipper, one the ablest as well as most ultra ahd v un scrupulous of the Know-Nothing papers, and , an acknowledged organ of that proscriptive and unprincipled organization. The silly and eon* temptuous sneer at IheDutch and Irish is in perfect keeping with the principles and practice of every ism and faction opposed to the Demo cratic parly which has from time lotimcspning ; into existence, and is no new or unexpected thing. Wc well remember that in days gone by it was a favorite custom with the leaders of tho old federal party to stigmatize our adopted citizens as the “stupid Dutch” and “ignorant Irish;” and when they could neither deceive, . cajole, nor brow-beat those honest voters into the support of their party and its candidates, t .abuse and vituperation of tho foulest kind was , h&jpcd upon them. To prevent them from bo. coming citizens and exercising tho right of suf frage, the odious ‘‘Alien and Sedition Laws” 1 were enacted, and under (he administration of the elder Adams everything which federalism could devise was done to prevent the emigra tion to'these shores of the oppressed of all ns- lions. A reference to the flics of the old federal papers, many of which are yet extant, will abun dantly prove this, and our only surprise is, that there should at the present time be found in the ranks of Know-Nothlngism ft solitary descend ant of the men, German or Irish, who Were so bitterly reviled and traduced by the federalists of old. The Know-Nothingism of tbo present day is emphatically the Federalism of half a rsntury ago, and we have no hesitancy in do ouncing every professed democrat, who wil fully unites with their order, as a secret and dan gerous enemy, and whose speedy and total de parture from the democratic party is a consum mation devoutly to be wished. County School Sdvebintekdentb. —The Wil liamsport Gazette says a strong movement will be made during the coming session of the State Legislature to repeal the act authorizing the election of Connty Snperintondcnt of Common Schools. The Gazette favors the repeal, and says petitions to that effect are in circulation in Lycoming. We hope the Legislature will do no such thing, at least until the law has had a fair trial. It Is true some counties have made a farce of the new act by voting a salary of from $250 to $BOO to tho Superintendent, thereby hoping to bring the whole thing into disrepute; but tho dofect is not so much in the provisions of tho bill aa in such practical nullification of Its spirit. Give the new system a fair trial, and then if there << is no good thing comes out of Nazareth,” It will bo the proper time for re form. New Style Bonnet. —The Paris correspond ent of the Herald says, a new style of bonnet has lately appeared In tho promenades anil seems much admired. It is formed of toffatas, tho front of which is Indented at equal distances, and trimmed with double niches of narrow blor.de, tho curtain being trimmed in the same manner. Upon -one sido of the front is placed a rose,’ composed of velvet, blonde and leather, accompanied wifb leaves of crape, worked with velvet Jnsido; the front trimmed with the same flower of a smaller size, and mixed with; rose buds placed hfgh'up, and rucliea'bf tulle below. These ruches are sometimes replaced by blondo and very small flowers. Indian Claims on Vermont.—Tho Rev. E. Williams, (tho Bourbon,) is now at Montpelier, Yt., prosecuting tho claims of tho St. Regia In dians before tho Legislature. The Caughnawa. ga Indiana claim all that part of Vermont lying north ol Otter crook, tho beat half and most val uable agricultural portion of the Slate, never having ceded it awi A report on tho part of the Legislature, which has been made and prin tod by a committee, proposed to pay the lodl ant for tho lands embraced in their claims. Sale or Intoxicating Liquors on* tor Sad bath Day.— Mr. Foust has introduced into the House of Assembly a bill to prevent the sale of intoxicating liquors on the Sabbath, and to pre vent the sale of adulterated liquors as a berer- 1 age. This bill makes it unlawful to sell, on the Sabbath, intoxicating liquor of any kind under a penalty of §5O. The same penalty if it is al lowed to be drunk on the premises, except by boarders in their own rooms or apartments- One-half (ho penalty to go to the Guardians of tho Poor, tho other to tho prosecutor—and any cjtizcn or citizens of tho county may prosecute before the Mayor, Alderman, &c . Any keeper of an inn, hotel, tavern, alo, beer, or other pub lic house, who shall bo guilty of tho offences mentioned, on three separate Sundays, shall, on conviction in the Quarter Sessions, be fined not less than fifty dollars and not more than one hundred, and shall forfeit his license. For selling or trading adulterated liquors, or liqu ors mixed with poisonous or deleterious drugs, liquids or substances, the fine is from one hundred to two hundred dollars, imprisonment from two to six months, and forfeiture of license. How it is to bo determined when liquors are adulterated, or who la to determine it, the bill docs not say. ThbNewQov.op North Carolina. —On Monday week,Thomas Bragg, Esq.,was inaugu rtfed as Governor of North Carolina, in the Commons Hall, in the presence of the two Houses of the General Assembly, and a large concourse of spectators—the oath of office being administered by Chief Justice Nash. Governor Bragg delivered an excellent Inaugural, in which he ably and lucidly advocates an amend ment of tbe State Constitution, so as to extend the right of suflrago by abrogating the freehold qualification for Senatorial voters, and zealous ly urges the prosecution of a liberal system of internal improvements; especially the coroplo ion of the great Central Railroad, and its fur- ihcr extension East and West, inasmuch as Iho public debt of the State is “comparatively small and entirely within her means, htt credit uniro paired, her currency in a sound though nccca sarily contracted condition, and the great moss of her people comparatWely free from debt and unembarrassed in their circumstances.” First Fruits.—The Know-Nothings hold the balance of power in the Legislature of New Ttork, aud their first exhibition of strength was in defeating the election of a chaplain 2 They wanted to establish distinctions of creed, and to determine which church is tit, and which not, to invoke the blessing of Heaven on the labors of the Legislature. Uis thus that the, atrug gles of party are to bo exasperated by the spir of bigotry. m. Ci A. f jciilfiWt- \: V- Wo are glad to lcam~fsaya tho'j Philadelphia Argus; that this talented and distinguished Democrat, who has bri&absent for some time on account of his heaUhVhas returned to Har risburg, Tho manner with which Mr. all questions, his acknowledged nl>tUt7/as a lawyer , and a politician; and the soundness of his views upon National as well as Slats topics, make his pres ence in tho Senate particularly gratifying at this time.' We heed aft the talent and energy of tho party to.beatback the waves of bigotry and intolerance which threaten to overthrow the Constitution and* the. Civil anfr Religious rights of our citizens. The lime serving and venal, the weak and ignorant cannot, head the column at this crisis. It needs men of educa tion, character and standing—men who know why they*support,tho Constitution, and cling to the Democratic party as the only refuge of ', the friends of equal rights, to wear the epaulettes and give the word of command for the army in 1 the coming struggle, jfr Duckalew has iron ■ a proud position in the party by his unbending ■ integrity, and tho earnestness of his political ' faith, and when that faith needs a defender, f the eyes of the whole party arc upon him as 1 of the Constitution and Civil and * Religious equality. A Leer Dabkrt.—Gabriel L. M. Renfran,. said to be a bright intelligent negro, owned near New Orleans, and hired out by bis master, as a steward on slcamlikits on the Lower Mis-, sissippl, is the lucky holder of ticket No. —in Joncs'-grcat gift enterprise, and has drawn the /arm valued at §25,000. lie has, in a well written letter, notified the committee of hia condition, and accepting of their cash offer.— Ue requests them, personally, to secure the freedom of himself and family first, and then' pay him the balance over the expenses to start him in the world. The appeal is thrilling and affecting. Dirncrnr Adjusted,—The difficulty be tween George 0. Prentice, editor of the Louis ville Journal, and Mr. Butt Hewson, an Arkan sas gentleman, which, butlor the manly and dignified stand taken by Mr. Prentice in rela tion to the practice of duelling, would have terminated in a mortal combat, has, we arc glad to learn, been satisfactorily settled—Mr. Uew son 1 laving consented lb have the matter referr ed to mutual friends for final adjustment. The Kinney lt is stated that large numbers of men , are being enrolled ,by Col. Kinnney's recruiting-agents, for hia Mos quito expedition, Recruits arc required to pay $25 in advance, and to be at Baltimore for em barkation, and arc promised six hundred and forty acres of land and §3OO at the end of the ycafc Speaker of the SenXtr William M- Hips ter, Senator from old Berks, who has been elect ed Speaker of the is thus endorsed by the Reading Democrat, the leading organ of the party in that county:—“Mr. Hicster is one the lew in whose personal and political probity we may yet place confidence. Be, at least, is free from the contamination of Know-Nothing ism. He has rcceivcd.no favors at the handsof its dissimulating adherents, and owes them no rewards. Wo can, therefore, expect from him the manly, straight-forward, and independent Pf rccognitpsiho Constitution and ZAtyy. as his guide, and not the proscriptive dicla*o{ a secret demagogue “Americans’ 1 and charlatan. “Pro testants,’* who arc destitute alike of the high toned patriotism of the one, and the Christian spirit of the other.” !■ Five Cents Dearly Barked !—A man named Crocker some months Lince applied to the rail road ticket office to pbjr'his fare, but finding it closed, ho entered the ears with the intention of going to New Londoi> though ho had only fifty cents with whichilo pay his passage. The conductor demanded qji additional five cents, otherwise he would be compelled to put him out of the cars. Several persons employed on the train assisted in thrusting Crocker out.— His knee pan was broken, but ho managed, by crawling, to reach a hpuee, three quarters of a mile distant, and subsequently brought suit This was recently tried, and the jury brought in a verdict of $8,200 damages against the rail road company. Farmer's Harvest.— There is no class whose prosperity is now so promising as the agricultu ral. The Montgomery Ledcr says, ‘Every kind of produce is exhorbitandy high, and the present prospects arc that high prices will rule for some time yet. England, under tho roost favorable circumstances, has n«t been able for years past to ftirmsh her people With her bread. Exten sive impprCations hate. been made from this country, the Mcdltesnian, Black and Bailie seas. From (he two latter sources, tho trade during the war, of course, will bo largely re duced, so that their main dependence of any deficiency, will be oh tho United States and Canada- With these prospects, farmers should make the very best use of iheir land. They should put increased' it, and produce the very highest yield pcrfiible. Present prices will afford tho employment °f hands, and, money invested In that way,'Will yie)d*a good return. Mxnunov.—The project ot offering media tion of our government in an effort to ,put an end to the war in Europe ia likely to fall. It Is the general belief atTVashington that the offer would not bo accepted* The allies have ulterior views and designs that would render them un. Willing to conclude «• peaco at present. Eng. land, F ranee, and Turkey, combined, led atrong enough jto humble the Czur, and wrest from him some ot tho elements of that strength that baa m»|e the Russian empire tho dread of Western Europe for many years. Tho allies will probably never make peace until So. bastopoMi taken, honor of their arms Is Involved in that, and' groat sacrifices will bo borne rather than fall In that bloody enterprise. They will accept na mediation until that is ac. ' compllsbed. How to Mark a Lovb Oaxb. —Let any pret ty or amiable young lady take three cups of sugar, three eggs, one cup of butler, one cup of milk, a small lunip of pcrloah* mix all up not quite as stiff as. poundcake, and bake it nicely. Morbid sympathy induced Sami Graves, Jr., of Worcester, Mass., to hang himself.‘ lie had, half An hour previously, read an account of a man’s hanging himself, when ho said ho would do so too—•and straightway went and done it* Poor fool 2 INAUGURAL* ADDRESS or ■. / GflvmouATO Pfliiim,. Delivered at Harrisburg, Tuesday, Sanitary IG. Fellow Citizens sanctions and demands, a brief declaration of the principles and policy/to bo adopted and pursued by an Executive about to assume the functions of that office. Tho character .of our institutions de monstrates the propriety of such declaration.— All tho just powers of the Government emanate from tho people, and to them should- be com municated the manner in which it is proposed to execute the powers conferred. < The people are sovereign; and in-the exor- 1 ciso of their sovereignty, they have “ordained 1 and established” a constitution for the govern- 1 mont of the State, That constitution, ; , this day, in the presence of my fellow citizens, ' and of Him who is the searcher of hearts—and ' with humblGjfclihnce on His wisdom to direct —swdm to support, ; rThc high powers therein delegated to ibO respective co-ordinate branches of, the Government expressed and defined. .Side by side’with thegrantof powers, stands tho'declaration of tho rights of the pco l plo, recognizing tho general, great and essential principles of liberty and free government. To guard against the transgression of the powers delegated ; and topcescrvo forever inviolate tho rightb. liberties, and privileges of the citizen; thus declared, will be both a duty and a plea sure, in full harmony vwitb every sentiment of ray hearty every impulse’of my nature. , Republican Institutions aro the pride; and ustly the glory of our country; To enjoy them is our privilege, to maintain them our duty— Civil and religious liberty—freedom of speech, and of the press, the rights of conscience, and freedom of worship—are the birthright nnd tho boast of the American citizen. No royal edict, no pontifical decree, Gan restrain on destroy them'. In tho enjoyment of these blessings, the rich and the poor, the high and the low, meet together—the constitution, in its full scope and ample development; shields nnd protects them all. _ When these^rights arc assailed, these privileges endangered, either by mad ambition, or by influences foreign to the true Interests of the Nation, and at war with love of country that noble impulse of the American heart, which prompts it to revere home and native land as snored objects of its affections —it is then the ballot-box in'ita omnipotence, speaking in thun der tones the wHI of the people, rebukes the wrong, nnd vindicates the freedom of tho man —the independence of the.citizcn. To the A merican people have these blessings been com mitted as a sacred trust; they arc. nnd mast ever be,-their guardians and defenders. The American citizen, independent and free, unin fluenced by partizan attachments, unawed by ecclesiastical authority or ghoaily intolerance —in the strength of fearless manhood, and in the bold assertion of his rights—should exhibit to the world a living illustration of the superior benefltsof American Republicanism; proclaim ing & true and single allcgianfce to his country, and to no other power but “tho God that made and preserves us as a Nation.” i Virtue, Intelligence and truth are the founda tion of our Republic. By these oor institutions and privileges can, and will be preserved.— Ignorance is not the mother of patriotism, or of Republics, It is tho enemy and destroyer of both. Education, in its enlightening, elevating . and reforming Influences, in the . full power of its beneficent results, should be encouraged by the State. Not that mere intellectual culture that leaves the,mind a moral waste, unfit to understand the duties of the man or citir.cn, but that higher education, founded upon, directed, and controlled by sound and elevated moral principle—that recognizes the Bible as the foun dation of true knowledge, as the text-book alike of tho rliild and the American Statesman, and os the great charter and bulwark of civil and religious freedom. The knowledge thus acquired is the power conservative of Slates and nations : more potent in its energy to uphold tho institutions of freedom and the rights of man, than armies and navies in their prhudest strength. Tho framers of our Constitution understood •this, ftmi,wis«Ty provided for.tho establishment of schools and “tho promotion of the arts and sciences, in one or more seminaries of learn ttfg,” that (be advantages of education might be enjoyed by all. 15 To improve tho efficiency of this system, not only by perfecting our common schools, but by encouraging and aiding “one or more” higher literary institutions, in which teachers can be trained .and qualified; and In increase the fund appropriated to educational purposes, arc ob jects which will at all times receive my willing approval. Money liberally, yet wisely, expen ded in the pursuit and promotion of knowledge is true economy. The integity of this system and its fund most bo preserved. No division of this fund for political or sectarian purposes should ever he made or attempted. To divide is to deslro3 r . Party and sectarian jealousies would be engendered ; the unity and harmony of the eystem destroyed, and its noble objects frustrated and defeated. Bigotry might re joice, patriotism would weep over such a re sult. Tn tho performance of the duties now devolv ed upon me, it will bo my desire to aid, by all constitutional and legal means, the development of the resources of the Slate; and to encourage and promote her agricultural, mining, manu facturing and commercial Interests. A kind Providence has bestowed upon us. with a lib eral hand, all the elements of wealth and great ness. Our valleys and plains offer their fertile soil to the plough-share of the husbandman, and reward with their rich productions his honorable toll- Our inexhaustible coal fields; our rich iron deposits ; lime-stone everywhere, and just where most required : the intermina ble forest, and our rushing streams ; all invite the energy and enterprise of our citizens to the development of their treasures, and promise a rich reward .to their labors. The smoke of our furnaces, the crash of the rolling-mill; the hum of the spindle ,* and tho din of tho workshop, attest the energy and manufacturing skill of our people : and whilst tho plough, the loom, and the anvil, unite in the production of wealth, commerce bv her thousand avenues, is bearing their valuable and abundant products to our marts of trade. Amidst all these great interests, and their rapid and afmpst romantic develop ment. it la a matter of congratulation.inits va rious departments, has awakened public atten tion to its importance, and claimed and receiv ed from science tho tribute of its aid. Penn sylvania, so deeply interested in (ho success of her agricultural industry, cannot bo indiffer ent to tho laudable efforts now making to per fect and advance this first, and noblest pursuit of map. This, and all other branches of in dustry, should receive the fostering care and encouragement of tho Government, The Interests of our great commercial empori um should receive tho considerate attention of the Legislature. Her manufactures, trade and commerce, arc of great and Incrcosingimpor- | tanco, and Philadelphia, as consolidated, in population wealth, enterprise and intelligence; ranks and rivals the first cities of tho Union.— To make her tho first among the cities of oijr country, should bo tho pride of every Pennsyl vanian. Her interests are so identified with tho interests of Iho State, that they oannot bo sep arated without injury to both. A prudent and liberal system or legislation, appropriate to her real wants, would promote her own and the interests of tho Commonwealth. A sound currency is essential to tho prosper ity of a commercial people. All dosses of so ciety, and every branch of industry, in their varied interests and .economical relations, arc interested in securing and maintaining a safe circulating medium. To accomplish this re sult, wise and prudent legislation is necessary. Tho creation of a well regulated, and carcftilly guarded system of banking, is not only sound policy, but beneficial to tho legitimate trade and commerce of tho country: and aids in develop ) fne hcr great natural and industrial resources. . Our present system of banking, with tho iimi ' tationa, restrictions and liabilities, individual 3 and otherwise, imposed by law on these inati l tutiona.hu become the settled policy of the State. Tho checks and guards thrown aronnd them should not bo lessened or removed. Their own safety, and the security of the public, re quire their continuance. __ ,' Noticcof numerous intended appiioantsbo the Legislature for new. banks, on* increase of backing capital .mid Savings institutions; has been given as required, by. tho constitution.— , ‘Without desiring to assume a hostile attitude totvards all banks, the propriety, of inconjprat ing-air that may bo called for, Under the no-, tico given, can not be justified or I Thp extravagant, improper'or unrcosonabloin crease of banks and banking capital, is not de manded by tho wants of community, and wiH’not, and ram not be sanctioned by- thc-Exe ; cutivc. The present commercial and financial embarrassment of ‘ tho country ; tho depressed state of trade: all past experience, and the more recent experience of some of pur sister States, as seen in .their ruined banks and de preciated’currency, demonstrate the necessity of Legislating cautiously and prudently on tins , subject. , ' * | , The number of banks, and consequently tbc 1 amount of banking capital should be limited to, 1 and regulated by, the’ proper demands of active 1 and healthy trade, and the actual business wants and necessities of the community. This policy .honestly insisted uponandpurtued.would protect the country from the .disastrous conse quences of improvident banking. An extraor dinary and unnecessary increase of banks,and' banking facilities, in seasons of great general prosperity”, leads to extravagant and ruinous speculation*. .Such increase in times of commer cial distress/ aggravates and prolongs the evils it was designed to remedy. Entertaining these views 1 will not hesitate to sanction tho re chartering of old and solvent banks, which by i prudent and careful management; and an hon est adherence to the legitimate purposes of their creation, have merited and received the confi dence of the public. Nor will I refuse to sanc tion the incorporation of new banks, when in dispeimbly necessary find clearly demanded by the actual business wants and .interests of the community in which they may be located. To no other, nnd under no other circumstan ces, can I yield the Executive consent. To promote the welfare nnd prosperity of the Commonwealth, by regulating and increasing her finances, economizing her resources, main taining her credit, reducing her' debt, and re lieving her people from oppressive -taxation, will be the'objecis of my anxious desire: and. to the accomplishment of which every energy of my administration will be directed. The public debt, now exceeding forty millions of dollars, and the annual taxation necessary to meet the payment of its interest, seriously af fect the great industrial interests of the State; drive labor nud capital from the Common wealth ; prevent tho extension nnd completion of her noble system of education, and prosecu tion of those laudable schemes of benevolence, which at once benefit, dignify and adorn a free and enlightened people. Every consideration of State pride, every motive of interest, require its reduction and speedy liquidation, by every available and practicable means. To secure this object, rig id-economy in every department of the govern ment ; retrenchment in the public expenditures: strict accountability in all the receiving andi disbursing offleersof the Commonwealth; and] an honest and faithful discharge of duty by all her agents, would contribute much, and also save millions to the Treasury. Created by the State, in tbc prosecution and , management of her system of internal Improve-, ments—a system characterized by “prodigali ty, extravagance and corrupt political favorit- 1 Jim”—the sole of these improvements, or at least of the ‘main lino,’ as a means of reducing this debt, lessening taxation, and saving our financial credit, has for many years occupied the attention of the people, and (heir represen tatives. Bills for the sale of the mam line have been passed by three different Legisla tures, two of which wore approved by the Gov ernors then in office. Tho people, on the ques tion being submitted to them in 1844, decided, by a large majority, in favor of the sale; and yet those works, from the defective character of the laws authorizing the sale, the restric tions contained in them, and from other, caus es, remain unsold. Public’ sentiment, founded on economical, moral and political considera tions, still demands, and the public welfare still requires, their sale. The consideration to be paid, the Tnodc.lcrma and conditions of the sale, ought to be careful ly considered. Just and liberal inducements should he offered to purchasers; whilst at the same time tho people should be protected a gainst wrong and imposition. By avoiding the errors of former legislation, a saloon terms favorable to the Stale, and beneficial to the purchaser, may bo secured. It is in vain to hope for a reduction of the debt, and relief from taxation, without a sale of the whole, or a part, of our pubbo improve ment*. Incumbered with debt, and taxed to support a system, the management of which has boon marked by extravagance, expenditure, [fraudulent speculation, and a reckless disro ■ gard of public interests, the people demand re-, i lief and release from these burdens. The press ! and the ballot box have declared tho popular i will on this subject, and that will should be \ obeyed. Duty, and a conviction of its propri- I ety, will prompt me to give a cordltil support, ! to tho accomplishment of this object. In this connection, and whether a sale of all or any of the public improvements bo effected or not, the abolition or reorganization of the Board of Canal Commissioners, and the substi tution of some other efficient nnd responsible system of management, arc subjects worthy of consideration. Every measure of reform in this regard, calculated to incrcascihe efficiency and responsibility of the supervisory power protect the interests of tho Stale ; and correct the real or alleged abuses of the present system, will receive my approval. Tho people having in a recent election decid ed against tho passage of a law prohibiting the manufacture and sale of spirituous liquors, it will become tho duly of the Legislature and 1 I Executive to consider what other legislation: may be necessary to control and comet the o- 1 i vila of intemperance. Our present license sys- I tem, although highly penal, and corrective of .many abuses, is still defective. Tho facility 1 * with winch licenses are obtained for the sale of j mall and other liquors, is an evil that demands [ reform. The number of places in which these j I are sold, should be limited by law; and no li cense granted unless by the Courts, and in the 1 i manner now required in the case of public inns I and taverns ; and subject to the same rcgula-1 tiona. restrictions md penalties. 1 Tho desecration ortho Sabbath by a traffic so i fruiUhl of evil, and so demoralizing ia its ro-1 suits, is In direct opposition to the law of God, and tho moral sentiment of tho people; ond is a ; reproach to the ago in which wo live. A strln- i 1 gent and comprehensive law, remedial in its provisions, and vindicating the great law of the Sabbath, In Us physical and moral relations to man, Is required, not only by tho moral'senso of community, but would bo Justified by every sen timent of humanity, every consideration of phi lanthropy, ©very impulse of pure and genuine patriotism. The history of intemperance is writ ten in tears ond blood. Pauperism, taxation and crime follow In Its train* A" remedy should be applied j and public sentiment, with tho full force of its moral sanction, will approve all pru dent and constitutional legislation on this sub i ject. , Tho pardoning power—tho harmonious blend ing of mercy and justice in our Constitution — will bo oxorclsod with aJust rogord to both these 1 important principles, with every doairo to ox ,tond mercy,to the unfortunate and repentant transgressor, justice, In her stern demands, will not bo overlooked by the pardon of tho vicious and hardened criminal.. This power has boon conferred on tho/Exocutlvo, not to overthrow tho administration of Justice, but to aid and pro mote it. It should bo exorcised with jgrout cau tion, and only upon tho most satisfactory assur ance that it is duo to tho condemned, and that tho rights and security of tho public will not bo prejudiced by tho’ act. To prevent tho abuso of this power, and to protect tho Executive from imposition, notice of . the intended application should bo published In tho city or county where tho trial and conviction tools place. * Experience has domonstrated the impolicy or subscriptions by municipal corporations, to toe stock of raUroad'coihpanies,! , Thla'is oipocislly trad in' relation-to other Bubscr-lotlons. practice should be, aboJlshedor at least not eu< . couraged 1 ‘•: Legislation; far !aa practicable/should brf general fttid umforra. .Local and special legit* lation onghtio .beidte'eonragod, -when the object con be obtained by general laws . Its tendency is pernicious; and general principles, and publfe * good, aro.often sacrificed to secure 1 persona! and private benefits.' “ Omnibus legislation" being .Improper in'itself, and demoralising* In l(«4a*., fldence, riaunot receive my sanctions - The tie*# and practice 9f my immcdiatoprcdccossor off tbis'siibject; meet my cordial approval, . Pennsylvania, occupying as she docs an fal' • pbrtant and proud position in thoslstof-hood of States, can not; bo indifferent to thb policy and acts of the National Government.: Her voice potential for good In‘other days, ought not to bo disregarded now.:. Devoted to the Conatitn. .tlon and tho Union—os sho.vras the first to s6nc< (ion, she nil! be the last to,endanger the one, of violate tho other. Regarding’with jealous cars tho rights of her sister States, she will be ercr ready to defend her own; The blood of her sons poured out on tho many battle-fields of (he Revolution, attests her devotion to tho great prmclplcs 'ot American freedom—the centre truth of American republicanism* To the Con slltution in oil its integrity; to tho Union in its strength and harmony; to. tho mnintainancc in its purity, of the faith and honor of our country, Pennsylvania now is;and alwayshas been pledg. od—a pledge never violated, and .not to be vio lated, until patriotism coases lo be a virtue, and liberty to be known only; as a name. Entertaining these sentiments, and actuated by an exclusive desire-'to. promote tho peace, harmony and welfare of our beloved country, tho recent acHdb'ol tho National Congress and Executive, in repealing a solemn compromise, only less Sacred iti public estimation than tho •Constitution itself—thus attempting to extend tho institution ofDotnegtio Slavery Inthc terri torial domain of tho Nation, violating tho plight ed faith and honor of the country, niobsing sec tional Jealousies; and rcnewmg tbe agitation of vexed and distracting questions—has received tromlhp people of mtr own and other States ol the Union, their stern rind merited robnkc, . TTith no dcssr o to restrain tho foil rind entire constitutional rights of the State, nor to Inter fere directly or Indircctlv with their dotreitlc institutions, the people of Pennsylvania, in view of tho repeal of (he Missouri Compromise, tho principle Involved in It, and the consequences resulting from lt~ ns marked already by fraud, violence, and strife; have rc-alHrmcd their op position to thirextenaion of-slavery into terri tory now free, and renewed their pledge <*to tho doctrines of the act of 171J0, which relieved ns by constitutional means from a grievous so cial evil; to tho groat ordinance of 1787, in ,its full scope and all'Us beneficent principles; to (he protection of tho personal rights of every human being under the Constitution pf Pennsyl vania, and (he Constitution of tboUnitedSUtes, by maintaining inviolate the trial by jury, and (lie writ of habeas corpus; to the assertion of tho duo rights of tho North, as. well as, ortho South, and to the Integrity of tho Union." The declaration of these doctrines.' Is bnt ths recognition of the fundamental principles of freedom and human rights. They are neither new nor startling. They wore taught by patri otic fathers at the watch-fires of our country’* defenders; and learned amid the bloody snow* of Valley Forgo, and tho mighty throes ol war and revolution. They nro stamped with Indeli ble Impress upon tho great charter of onr rights, , and embodied In the legislation of the best and purest days of (he Republics have filled the, hearts, and fell horning from the lips of orators and statesmen, whose memories are Immortal as tho principles they cherished. They have been tho watch-word and the hope of millions, who have gone before ns, are the' watchword and the hope of millions now, and will be of millions yet unborn. In many questions of National and truly American policy—the due protection of Ameri can labor and industry, against tho depressing influence of foreign labor and capital 5 tho im provement of onr harbors and rivers; tho Na tional defences; tho eqnitablcdiatribntionoftbo proceeds of the public lands amqpg the States, in aid of education and to relieve from debt sod taxation; a Judicious “homestead reform in the naturalization laws; and tho protection of onr country against tho Immigration and im portation of foreign paupers and all these, we, as a State and people, era-deeply interested; and to their nffephotj amt pronTotlotf every encouragement should bo given. To the people of my native State, who liars called, me to preside over her destinies, I return tho tribute of my warmest grotltudc for tho ho nor conferred; and my pledge to them this day la, that “I will try” to realize'their expecta tions, and not betray tbclr confidence. Jn as suming tho responsibilities of this high office, I would ho false to myself and to the feelings that 1 now oppress me, should I hesitate to affirm my unaffected distrust in my ability to discharge Ur appropriate duties in a manner commensurate with their importance. If I cannot secure, I will labor to deserve tho confidence and appro bation of my fellow citizens. I do not expert, I dare not hope, to*cscapo censure. Down - *® censure I will strive to avoid, all other to dis regard. Conscious of the rectitude of tny in tentions; wilb-no ambitions desires to gratify J no resentments to cherish; no wish, but for tho public good; It will bo my endeavor to perform every duty faithfully and fearlessly, and having done ttds, will abide the judgment of agonerona people ; assured that if they condemn the act, they will m least award to mo the meed of good Intentions. With the Constitution for my guides *'eqa«f and exact justice to ail” my desire; the greatest pood of the greatest number my object—and In voking the aid and blessing oftbo God ol out fathers, and desiring to rule lu Ulsfear—my duty, and" highest ambition, will bo to promote the true interests of (ho State, maintain our cWu and religious privileges, defend (be honor, and advance the prosperity and happiness of. our Country. JAMES POLLOCK. Tub Tours Dtino dt lldndwsds.— As to the town of Balaklava itself, words cannot de scribe its filth, its horrors, its hospitals, il» dead and dying Turks, its crowded lanes, its noisome sheds, its hcftsltj. purlieus, or its d«* cay. All tho pictures ever drawn of plagne tod pestilence, from (ho work of the InKnirod wri« ter who chromohd the woes of inflael Egypt down to the narratives Boccaclp, Dc Fee, or Moltko, fall short of individual “bils” of di sease and death which any one may see In half a dozen places during half an hour’* Walk In Baloklava. In spite of all our cSbrta. the Hi* ing Turks have made of every lone and ®”W»a cloaca , and tho forms of human saOcrmg which meet tho eye at every turn, and once wcrfcWODl to shook ua, have now mado us callous, and have ceased cVcn W attract passing attention. Raise up the pitco of matting or coarse rug which hangs across the doorway of wmo mis erable house, from within which you hear loud wailing* and cries of pain and .prayers, to tho Prophet, and youwiLscoln one spot and In instant ft moss of accumulated woes that will servo you with tho nightmares for a lifetime. The dead, laid out as they died, arc lying side by side with tho living, and the toller pro. sent a spectacle beyond all imagination. The 1 commonest necessaries of an hospital are want* i ing; there is not tho least attention paid to a«- i ccncy or cleanliness—*the stench is appalling*— the (ootid air can barely struggle out to tarot the atmosphere, save thro' tho chinks in the walls and roofs, and for all X can observe, ttiMO men die without tho least effort being made to save them. There they Ho Just as they wort lot gently down on tho ground by the poor fol lows, their comrades, who brought, them on their backs from tho camp with tho greatest tenderness, hut who sro not allowed to re main with them. The sick appear to be lend , cd by tho sick, and tiro dying by tho dying, w ITT' A Boston burn til, inferring to ft suit against ft physician for, alleged malpractice, soya; “Itia almost a wonder that any surgeon, noiy-n-doys, cap bii found, with moral courage or humane feeling enough to undertake to ntroo dy ft' deformity, or treat u ciiso of injury, tyitn* out n bond from Hm patient or Ida legal guar dian that bo aboil not bo subjected to a.suit for damages, in case bo aiionid fait to make the patient aa whole and perfect ad lio was when ne cotpe from tho hands ofhia Creator,”
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers