*
aiierjcm Yoimmu
;anS JB. BE-ATTO.’V, Ertiloi 4
CAIH.ISI.E, PA., JAS. 18, 1855-.
' An Apprentice
mo learn tho Printing business, will be teken
I IbiJ office, if application bo made soon,
rfone but O smart,-active. intelligent good boy.
end possessing a good education, need “PP'y-
Tofchoy possessing tho above qualities, and of
16 year* of age, a good opportunity to learn the
piloting la offered ■
[p-Messrs. Wherry and Donaldson, of tbc
State Legislature, trill please'accept our thanks
for sending us documents.
We return our thanks to tho editors of
the Harrisburg Telegraph, for sending ns an
early copy of Got. Pollock's Inaugural Ad
dress.
ItfAuoonAL Address of Gov. Pollock. —
Wo publish to-day Gov. Pollock’s Inaugural
Address, which he delivered at Harrisburg on
Tuesday afternoon. We have given it but a
cursory perusal, and have no time to speak of
it this momiog. Uis a tame paper, contain
ing some good and many bad suggestions.—
Motq anon.
? *p<waTT Auditors.—The Auditors of Cum
berland county are now in session, engaged in
settling the county accounts for the past year.
The Board consists of the following named gen
tlemcnr J B. Drawbangh, Jacob Steinman
and Isaac Bingwalt.
py»Tho West Chester Jej/'eraonton, of week
before last, publishes an excellent and well
written editorial, under the caption of ‘‘Sixty
Clergymen in Ofte Legislature I” - We intended
It should bo a good article when we permed it
as a leader for the columns of our oten paper!
Omo Columbian-—W - e perceive that A. M.
Gamokwbb, Esq., lormorly of Carlisle, has be
come one of the editors of the above named pa
per, published at Columbus, Ohio. In his ad
dress he tyiys the paper “will advocate the cause'
and support the policy of the Independent Demo
cracy,” and “ oppose Involuntary Personal
Servitude.” Mr. Gangewcr is an able and rea
dy writer, an energetic business man, and in
his hands (bo “ Columbian,” which is a largo
and handsome sheet, must prove a valuable and
interesting paper. Pecuniarily, we wish onr
old irlend and former townsman abundant suc
cess.
Drpartctbb of Missionaries. —Rev. Pro
fessor “Wentworth, (well known in Carlisle,)
•Uto of Dickinson College, sailed on Monday
with hia wifoknd son in the hark Storm, trom
New York, for Hong-Kong. Professor Went
worth goes out to join the anission family in
Chinn, nndcr the care of the Methodist Episco
pal Church.
-To Get up a Houd*t. —Find some destitute
family to whom yon can secretly send a barrel
of dour.. Lot your right hand pay for it without
allowing the left to know of the deed. Try it,
and your heart will have a holiday.
s nyTnoMii E. Feanklin, Esq., of Lnncas.
Mr, la to be Gov. Pollock’s Attorney General.
tET'Only one of our first seven Presidents
bad a son (Adams,) and he succeeded his father
In the occupancy of tbo White House.
We find tbo above Hem *< going the rounds”
of *h» papers,.and we-thluk ll is incorrect. If
we do not greatly err, John Quincy Adams, the
tizih President, also left a son, Charles Francis,
who in 1952 was the Free-Soil candidate for the
Vice Presidency. Perhaps, however, but iittlo
account is mode of him, as the mantle of bis
father has evidently not fallen upon him.
laoir Works Stopped. —Messrs. Parke &
Bro., have shut down tbo gate of thoir rol'lng
mill on Big Elk, till tho dawn of “better times.”
They manufacture boiler plate, and havo in store
in the cities $60,0U0-worth, for which they find
no sales. In tbns being compelled to ccaso
operations, they, of course, havo had to dis
charge their bands, which will help to make
“ hard times.”
Notwithstanding the Incessant, and, in most
eases, causeless cry about" hard times,” there
ore some gentlemen engaged in the manufacture
of iron who are now reaping a very profitable
harvest by their persoveronce and diligent ap
plication to business. Among them, we might
mention Pena F. Ear., Esq., the proprietor of
the Carlisle Iron Works, situate in South Mid.
dleton township, In this county. Mr. Ege’s
Foresee Is now in full blast and doing a large
and profitable business. We learn that it is his
intention to “go ahead,” regardless of the croak,
log snd silly clamor raised every now and then
In relation to hard times, and which has only
the effect ol frightening men of nervous temper
ments and who have little or no capacity for
business. Mr. Eoz knows (hat Ihe best cure
for hard times is Industry, economy, and untir
log energy.
vm HiREISBUIi.
Tuesday last was a stirring day at llama-1
burg. Jakes Pollock was inaugurated Gov
ernor at 2 o’clock. P- M., at which hour Gov I
Biolkr’s official term expired. A great crowd
Of people attended to witness the ceremonies.]
and the military parade, under command nf
Maj. Gen. Kkim, of Heading, was grand end)
Imposing. The fourth annual meeting of the
Pennsylvania Agricultural Society also took
placo at Harrisburg on the same day. In the
evening a grand military and civic Innugura-!
tion Ball was held, at which they danced all
night, and the beaux went “home with the girls
in Ufa morning.” The day was beautiful, and
UtA whole thing passed oil pleasantly.
om MBS CONVENTION,
Tho Old Soldiers Convention at Washington,
last weak, roust have been a very imposing af
fair. Judge Sothema-so ot this State, prod
d«d over tho deliberations ot the Convention— |
About sixteen hundred veterans vrere in alien.]
danco as delegates. They paid a visit to the
President of the United States in n body, and
received two hospitalities of tho White House,
and were also addressed by the President in a\
very neat and appropriate speech. They also j
risi tod Mount Vernon, where arc deposited the'
ashes of the immortal WasuiKoiON, and tho
incidents of that visit, ns described in the pa
' pets (Were of themost interesting character. The
Keystone State was well represented in tho
Convention—old Mother Cumberland furnish
ing her full quota, as sho has ever dona when
her country called for bravo hearts and willing
hands to siistain her honor. Among the spoak
*rs before the convention, that Ex-
OoTi Birtran, Gen. Wlaws Foui-a, and Gen,
T; (j. Jititi.EU of this county, took a part. Wo
siitcrroly hope that Congress may see tho pro
priety and tho justice of grouting tho old Sold
iers the small boon tboy ask-
A MID HOVE—ASOTHEB B. S. BANK !
The following is a copy of a petitidn-to the
Legislature that is now being circulated in all
parts of out Commonwealth. Hundreds, of
copies of these petitions are in this county, and
are receiving the signatures of scores of our
political opponents: ' /'
To the Honorable ihe Senate and House of Rep*
resentatives , of the Commonwealth of Penn •
sylvania, in General Assembly met: .
The undersigned citizens of said Common
wealth, moat respectfully, yet earnestly repre
sent to your honorable bodies: That you pass
a law directing all the public works now had
and held by tbo said Commonwealth, to be
sold at public sale, unconditionally, to the
highest and best bidders.
Giving and granting unto or]
persons, company or compacts, the right and
privilege of banking; with; say one-flflh of I
the nett amount of such part or parts as shall be
sold in pursuance of said law; And we would al-!
so, most respectfully suggest, that one-third of I
said fifth be located in the city of Philadelphia; 1
one-third of the same bo located in the city of
Pittsburg; and tho remaining third in such
placo or places as your honorable bodies may,
designate. And we, as in duty bound, will
ever pray, Ac.
Should tho present Know-Nothing Legisla
ture enact a law* in compliance with the above'
petition, we shall once more have the corrup
tioua and vilainics of a monster bank to com-,
bat. The proposition to establish such an in
stitution and the plan suggested for raising
the capital stock, is pregnant with the worst
kind of corruption. Just think of our proud
old Commonwealth selling her valuable and
gigantie'Public Improvements, to raise money
to establish a MONSTER -Bakk, whoso officers
would bo the minions of the greedy cormorants
now in power In this State, and whose chief
object would bo to rob widows end orphans
and swindle the people in the same manner
they were swindled by the defunct U. S. Bank.
Monstrous I
But, will the Legislature grant such a priv
ilege as is asked by the petition above quoted 1
Wo can scarcely think so. Corrupt as the
, present Legislature evidently is—the House of
Representatives particularly—and, composed as
it is, in a great measure, of broken-down and
condemned political backs, still we cannot be-
lieve that a proposition so monstrous in its
character, can receive the sanction of the Leg
islature. A fear of the people, and a presenti
ment of tar and feathers, will, wo think, deter
our Know-Nothing law-makers from granting
the prayer of the petitioners. We have no con
ftdence, however, in tbo Legislature. The
Senate, it is true, is composed of much better
material than the House, and if the Demo,
crats and o!d line Whigs will but stick togeth
er, and pull together in thwarting the schemes
of the political gamblers who compose the ma-
jority in the House, we may hare some hopes
still left (hat our old State will not be disgra
ced and sold by the Goths and Vandals into
whose keeping she is now most unfortunately
placed. Wo will hope for the best, and must re
new oor energies to crush the villainies of the
present powera-that-be as fast as they shall be
developed.
STATE TREASURER.
Eli Slitkr, of Union county, (Whig and
K. N.,) was, on Monday last, elected State
Treasurer, by the Legislature. Of the 125
votes cast, he received 89, and Ephraim W.
Hamlin, (Democrat*) of Wayne county, re
ceived 35. Mr. Bailt, the present Treasurer,
received! vote! It is almost universally be
lieved that Mr. Bailt recently joined the
Know-Nothings—he was initiated at Lancas
ter^—and expected by this kind of treachery to
his own party, to be continued in office. But.
his stratagem failed—the Whigs and Know-
Nothings, be should have known, never support
a Democratic Know-Nothing for a good office,
and they cast him off. The Democrats, dis
gusted with Mr. Bailt’s truckling to the new
order, refused to vote for him, and gave their
votes to Mr. Bakun. Wa have always been
the fast friend of Joseph Bailt. and are sorry
to ace him placed in his present humiliating
position. Yet, wo can have but little sympa
thy for him now. Ho has deceived bis best
friends, in the expectation of retaining office,
and he has received his just deserts. He was
repudiated by Democrats, Whigs and Know-
Nothings, and we are glad of it.
THE STATE LEGISLATURE.
"What is doing in our legislature ?” is the
question asked ua nearly every hour of the day.
Well, thus for the Legislature has done—noth
ing ' If It would only continue to do nothing,
it would bo fortunate for the people ; for, as at
present composed, and a Governor of the same
"stripe,” we can expect "no good to come out
of Nazareth. ” A few bills, it is true, hare been
read in the House, but no action had thereon.—
,We may mention the character of a few of
j them. A bill to give negroes the right to vote
**l our elections; a bill to prevent foreigners
from being naturalized, and, as n consequence,
j prevent them from voting ; a bill, to prevent
t the sale of spirituous liquors, {w« believe the
members of the present Legislature arc to be
exempt from its provisions ;) ten or fifteen bills
for new bank charters, Ac. Ac. Two or three
new offices have been created in the House, at
on extra expense to the people of over $l,OOO.
This is the "retrenchment and economy,” that
wo hoard so much about previous to the clcc
i lion. Such is n history of the doings of the
i present miserably weak Legislature thus far.—
I Wo should be thankful it is no worse!
Cosonuafl.—ln the Senate, on Wednesday,
the first Monday in February was assigned for
the consideration of Mr. Underwood's resolu
tion relative to freedom of religious worship in
.foreign countries. Mr. Rrodhead reported a
I resolution from the Naval Committee to send
\ one or more vessels in starch of Dr. Kano.—
Among the petitions presented was ono from V
Mr. Q. P. Marsh, asking remuneration for his 5
[judicial services in the Cost, and also for bis *
{mission to Greece. Also one from various
merchants asking Congress to provide against 1
the difficulties arising from tho abolition 1
} of corporeal punishment of seamen.—
Tho debate on the Judicial Reform bill
' was continued. In the House. Mr. Richardson
' introduced a bill to improve tho Mississippi
3 river and its tributaries. Tho bill to ampnd
tho Land Graduation act was taken up, tho
1 Homestead amendment rejected, and then tho
• bill itself negatived.
A Giraffe Drowned.— On the 30th ult., a
monster giraflo, belonging to tho menagerie of
Mr. Van Amburg, while being removed from
tho steamship Philadelphia, at New Orleans,
fell overboard and drowned. It to said to
have cost $15,000.
ABUSE OP ADOPTED CIUZESS. -
(C7*ThoK. N.’a were defeated at the Mayor
alty-elections in Pittsburgh and Allegheny on
Tuesday. The population of the city is about
tiro thirds Dutch and three quarters Irish.,
-' We clip the above precious morceau from the.
last number of the Baltimore Wnidy Clipper,
one the ablest as well as most ultra ahd v un
scrupulous of the Know-Nothing papers, and ,
an acknowledged organ of that proscriptive and
unprincipled organization. The silly and eon*
temptuous sneer at IheDutch and Irish is in
perfect keeping with the principles and practice
of every ism and faction opposed to the Demo
cratic parly which has from time lotimcspning ;
into existence, and is no new or unexpected
thing. Wc well remember that in days gone
by it was a favorite custom with the leaders of
tho old federal party to stigmatize our adopted
citizens as the “stupid Dutch” and “ignorant
Irish;” and when they could neither deceive,
. cajole, nor brow-beat those honest voters into
the support of their party and its candidates,
t .abuse and vituperation of tho foulest kind was
, h&jpcd upon them. To prevent them from bo.
coming citizens and exercising tho right of suf
frage, the odious ‘‘Alien and Sedition Laws”
1 were enacted, and under (he administration of
the elder Adams everything which federalism
could devise was done to prevent the emigra
tion to'these shores of the oppressed of all ns-
lions. A reference to the flics of the old federal
papers, many of which are yet extant, will abun
dantly prove this, and our only surprise is, that
there should at the present time be found in the
ranks of Know-Nothlngism ft solitary descend
ant of the men, German or Irish, who Were so
bitterly reviled and traduced by the federalists
of old. The Know-Nothingism of tbo present
day is emphatically the Federalism of half a
rsntury ago, and we have no hesitancy in do
ouncing every professed democrat, who wil
fully unites with their order, as a secret and dan
gerous enemy, and whose speedy and total de
parture from the democratic party is a consum
mation devoutly to be wished.
County School Sdvebintekdentb. —The Wil
liamsport Gazette says a strong movement will
be made during the coming session of the State
Legislature to repeal the act authorizing the
election of Connty Snperintondcnt of Common
Schools. The Gazette favors the repeal, and
says petitions to that effect are in circulation in
Lycoming. We hope the Legislature will do no
such thing, at least until the law has had a fair
trial. It Is true some counties have made a
farce of the new act by voting a salary of from
$250 to $BOO to tho Superintendent, thereby
hoping to bring the whole thing into disrepute;
but tho dofect is not so much in the provisions
of tho bill aa in such practical nullification of Its
spirit. Give the new system a fair trial, and
then if there << is no good thing comes out of
Nazareth,” It will bo the proper time for re
form.
New Style Bonnet. —The Paris correspond
ent of the Herald says, a new style of bonnet
has lately appeared In tho promenades anil
seems much admired. It is formed of toffatas,
tho front of which is Indented at equal distances,
and trimmed with double niches of narrow
blor.de, tho curtain being trimmed in the same
manner. Upon -one sido of the front is placed
a rose,’ composed of velvet, blonde and leather,
accompanied wifb leaves of crape, worked with
velvet Jnsido; the front trimmed with the same
flower of a smaller size, and mixed with; rose
buds placed hfgh'up, and rucliea'bf tulle below.
These ruches are sometimes replaced by blondo
and very small flowers.
Indian Claims on Vermont.—Tho Rev. E.
Williams, (tho Bourbon,) is now at Montpelier,
Yt., prosecuting tho claims of tho St. Regia In
dians before tho Legislature. The Caughnawa.
ga Indiana claim all that part of Vermont lying
north ol Otter crook, tho beat half and most val
uable agricultural portion of the Slate, never
having ceded it awi A report on tho part of
the Legislature, which has been made and prin
tod by a committee, proposed to pay the lodl
ant for tho lands embraced in their claims.
Sale or Intoxicating Liquors on* tor Sad
bath Day.— Mr. Foust has introduced into the
House of Assembly a bill to prevent the sale of
intoxicating liquors on the Sabbath, and to pre
vent the sale of adulterated liquors as a berer- 1
age. This bill makes it unlawful to sell, on the
Sabbath, intoxicating liquor of any kind under
a penalty of §5O. The same penalty if it is al
lowed to be drunk on the premises, except by
boarders in their own rooms or apartments-
One-half (ho penalty to go to the Guardians of
tho Poor, tho other to tho prosecutor—and any
cjtizcn or citizens of tho county may prosecute
before the Mayor, Alderman, &c . Any keeper
of an inn, hotel, tavern, alo, beer, or other pub
lic house, who shall bo guilty of tho offences
mentioned, on three separate Sundays, shall,
on conviction in the Quarter Sessions, be fined
not less than fifty dollars and not more than
one hundred, and shall forfeit his license. For
selling or trading adulterated liquors, or liqu
ors mixed with poisonous or deleterious drugs,
liquids or substances, the fine is from one
hundred to two hundred dollars, imprisonment
from two to six months, and forfeiture of license.
How it is to bo determined when liquors are
adulterated, or who la to determine it, the bill
docs not say.
ThbNewQov.op North Carolina. —On
Monday week,Thomas Bragg, Esq.,was inaugu
rtfed as Governor of North Carolina, in the
Commons Hall, in the presence of the two
Houses of the General Assembly, and a large
concourse of spectators—the oath of office being
administered by Chief Justice Nash. Governor
Bragg delivered an excellent Inaugural, in
which he ably and lucidly advocates an amend
ment of tbe State Constitution, so as to extend
the right of suflrago by abrogating the freehold
qualification for Senatorial voters, and zealous
ly urges the prosecution of a liberal system of
internal improvements; especially the coroplo
ion of the great Central Railroad, and its fur-
ihcr extension East and West, inasmuch as Iho
public debt of the State is “comparatively small
and entirely within her means, htt credit uniro
paired, her currency in a sound though nccca
sarily contracted condition, and the great moss
of her people comparatWely free from debt and
unembarrassed in their circumstances.”
First Fruits.—The Know-Nothings hold
the balance of power in the Legislature of New
Ttork, aud their first exhibition of strength was
in defeating the election of a chaplain 2 They
wanted to establish distinctions of creed, and to
determine which church is tit, and which not,
to invoke the blessing of Heaven on the labors
of the Legislature. Uis thus that the, atrug
gles of party are to bo exasperated by the spir
of bigotry.
m. Ci A. f jciilfiWt- \: V-
Wo are glad to lcam~fsaya tho'j Philadelphia
Argus; that this talented and distinguished
Democrat, who has bri&absent for some time
on account of his heaUhVhas returned to Har
risburg, Tho manner with
which Mr. all questions,
his acknowledged nl>tUt7/as a lawyer , and a
politician; and the soundness of his views upon
National as well as Slats topics, make his pres
ence in tho Senate particularly gratifying at
this time.' We heed aft the talent and energy
of tho party to.beatback the waves of bigotry
and intolerance which threaten to overthrow
the Constitution and* the. Civil anfr Religious
rights of our citizens. The lime serving and
venal, the weak and ignorant cannot, head the
column at this crisis. It needs men of educa
tion, character and standing—men who know
why they*support,tho Constitution, and cling
to the Democratic party as the only refuge of
', the friends of equal rights, to wear the epaulettes
and give the word of command for the army in
1 the coming struggle, jfr Duckalew has iron
■ a proud position in the party by his unbending
■ integrity, and tho earnestness of his political
' faith, and when that faith needs a defender,
f the eyes of the whole party arc upon him as
1 of the Constitution and Civil and
* Religious equality.
A Leer Dabkrt.—Gabriel L. M. Renfran,.
said to be a bright intelligent negro, owned
near New Orleans, and hired out by bis master,
as a steward on slcamlikits on the Lower Mis-,
sissippl, is the lucky holder of ticket No. —in
Joncs'-grcat gift enterprise, and has drawn the
/arm valued at §25,000. lie has, in a well
written letter, notified the committee of hia
condition, and accepting of their cash offer.—
Ue requests them, personally, to secure the
freedom of himself and family first, and then'
pay him the balance over the expenses to start
him in the world. The appeal is thrilling and
affecting.
Dirncrnr Adjusted,—The difficulty be
tween George 0. Prentice, editor of the Louis
ville Journal, and Mr. Butt Hewson, an Arkan
sas gentleman, which, butlor the manly and
dignified stand taken by Mr. Prentice in rela
tion to the practice of duelling, would have
terminated in a mortal combat, has, we arc glad
to learn, been satisfactorily settled—Mr. Uew
son 1 laving consented lb have the matter referr
ed to mutual friends for final adjustment.
The Kinney lt is stated that
large numbers of men , are being enrolled ,by
Col. Kinnney's recruiting-agents, for hia Mos
quito expedition, Recruits arc required to pay
$25 in advance, and to be at Baltimore for em
barkation, and arc promised six hundred and
forty acres of land and §3OO at the end of the
ycafc
Speaker of the SenXtr William M- Hips
ter, Senator from old Berks, who has been elect
ed Speaker of the is thus endorsed
by the Reading Democrat, the leading organ of
the party in that county:—“Mr. Hicster is one
the lew in whose personal and political probity
we may yet place confidence. Be, at least, is
free from the contamination of Know-Nothing
ism. He has rcceivcd.no favors at the handsof
its dissimulating adherents, and owes them no
rewards. Wo can, therefore, expect from him
the manly, straight-forward, and independent
Pf rccognitpsiho
Constitution and ZAtyy. as his guide, and not
the proscriptive dicla*o{ a secret
demagogue “Americans’ 1 and charlatan. “Pro
testants,’* who arc destitute alike of the high
toned patriotism of the one, and the Christian
spirit of the other.” !■
Five Cents Dearly Barked !—A man named
Crocker some months Lince applied to the rail
road ticket office to pbjr'his fare, but finding it
closed, ho entered the ears with the intention of
going to New Londoi> though ho had only
fifty cents with whichilo pay his passage. The
conductor demanded qji additional five cents,
otherwise he would be compelled to put him
out of the cars. Several persons employed on
the train assisted in thrusting Crocker out.—
His knee pan was broken, but ho managed, by
crawling, to reach a hpuee, three quarters of a
mile distant, and subsequently brought suit
This was recently tried, and the jury brought
in a verdict of $8,200 damages against the rail
road company.
Farmer's Harvest.— There is no class whose
prosperity is now so promising as the agricultu
ral. The Montgomery Ledcr says, ‘Every kind of
produce is exhorbitandy high, and the present
prospects arc that high prices will rule for some
time yet. England, under tho roost favorable
circumstances, has n«t been able for years past
to ftirmsh her people With her bread. Exten
sive impprCations hate. been made from this
country, the Mcdltesnian, Black and Bailie
seas. From (he two latter sources, tho trade
during the war, of course, will bo largely re
duced, so that their main dependence of any
deficiency, will be oh tho United States and
Canada-
With these prospects, farmers should make
the very best use of iheir land. They should
put increased' it, and produce the
very highest yield pcrfiible. Present prices will
afford tho employment °f hands, and, money
invested In that way,'Will yie)d*a good return.
Mxnunov.—The project ot offering media
tion of our government in an effort to ,put an
end to the war in Europe ia likely to fall. It Is
the general belief atTVashington that the offer
would not bo accepted* The allies have ulterior
views and designs that would render them un.
Willing to conclude «• peaco at present. Eng.
land, F ranee, and Turkey, combined,
led atrong enough jto humble the Czur, and
wrest from him some ot tho elements of that
strength that baa m»|e the Russian empire tho
dread of Western Europe for many years. Tho
allies will probably never make peace until So.
bastopoMi taken, honor of their arms Is
Involved in that, and' groat sacrifices will bo
borne rather than fall In that bloody enterprise.
They will accept na mediation until that is ac.
' compllsbed.
How to Mark a Lovb Oaxb. —Let any pret
ty or amiable young lady take three cups of
sugar, three eggs, one cup of butler, one cup
of milk, a small lunip of pcrloah* mix all up
not quite as stiff as. poundcake, and bake it
nicely.
Morbid sympathy induced Sami Graves,
Jr., of Worcester, Mass., to hang himself.‘ lie
had, half An hour previously, read an account
of a man’s hanging himself, when ho said ho
would do so too—•and straightway went and
done it* Poor fool 2
INAUGURAL* ADDRESS
or
■. / GflvmouATO Pfliiim,.
Delivered at Harrisburg, Tuesday, Sanitary IG.
Fellow Citizens sanctions and
demands, a brief declaration of the principles
and policy/to bo adopted and pursued by an
Executive about to assume the functions of that
office. Tho character .of our institutions de
monstrates the propriety of such declaration.—
All tho just powers of the Government emanate
from tho people, and to them should- be com
municated the manner in which it is proposed
to execute the powers conferred.
< The people are sovereign; and in-the exor- 1
ciso of their sovereignty, they have “ordained 1
and established” a constitution for the govern- 1
mont of the State, That constitution, ;
, this day, in the presence of my fellow citizens, '
and of Him who is the searcher of hearts—and '
with humblGjfclihnce on His wisdom to direct
—swdm to support, ; rThc high powers therein
delegated to ibO respective co-ordinate branches
of, the Government expressed and
defined. .Side by side’with thegrantof powers,
stands tho'declaration of tho rights of the pco l
plo, recognizing tho general, great and essential
principles of liberty and free government. To
guard against the transgression of the powers
delegated ; and topcescrvo forever inviolate tho
rightb. liberties, and privileges of the citizen;
thus declared, will be both a duty and a plea
sure, in full harmony vwitb every sentiment of
ray hearty every impulse’of my nature. ,
Republican Institutions aro the pride; and
ustly the glory of our country; To enjoy them
is our privilege, to maintain them our duty—
Civil and religious liberty—freedom of speech,
and of the press, the rights of conscience, and
freedom of worship—are the birthright nnd tho
boast of the American citizen. No royal edict,
no pontifical decree, Gan restrain on destroy
them'. In tho enjoyment of these blessings, the
rich and the poor, the high and the low, meet
together—the constitution, in its full scope and
ample development; shields nnd protects them
all. _ When these^rights arc assailed, these
privileges endangered, either by mad ambition,
or by influences foreign to the true Interests of
the Nation, and at war with love of country
that noble impulse of the American heart, which
prompts it to revere home and native land as
snored objects of its affections —it is then the
ballot-box in'ita omnipotence, speaking in thun
der tones the wHI of the people, rebukes the
wrong, nnd vindicates the freedom of tho man
—the independence of the.citizcn. To the A
merican people have these blessings been com
mitted as a sacred trust; they arc. nnd mast
ever be,-their guardians and defenders. The
American citizen, independent and free, unin
fluenced by partizan attachments, unawed by
ecclesiastical authority or ghoaily intolerance
—in the strength of fearless manhood, and in
the bold assertion of his rights—should exhibit
to the world a living illustration of the superior
benefltsof American Republicanism; proclaim
ing & true and single allcgianfce to his country,
and to no other power but “tho God that made
and preserves us as a Nation.”
i Virtue, Intelligence and truth are the founda
tion of our Republic. By these oor institutions
and privileges can, and will be preserved.—
Ignorance is not the mother of patriotism, or of
Republics, It is tho enemy and destroyer of
both. Education, in its enlightening, elevating
. and reforming Influences, in the . full power of
its beneficent results, should be encouraged by
the State. Not that mere intellectual culture
that leaves the,mind a moral waste, unfit to
understand the duties of the man or citir.cn, but
that higher education, founded upon, directed,
and controlled by sound and elevated moral
principle—that recognizes the Bible as the foun
dation of true knowledge, as the text-book
alike of tho rliild and the American Statesman,
and os the great charter and bulwark of civil
and religious freedom. The knowledge thus
acquired is the power conservative of Slates and
nations : more potent in its energy to uphold
tho institutions of freedom and the rights of
man, than armies and navies in their prhudest
strength.
Tho framers of our Constitution understood
•this, ftmi,wis«Ty provided for.tho establishment
of schools and “tho promotion of the arts and
sciences, in one or more seminaries of learn
ttfg,” that (be advantages of education might
be enjoyed by all. 15
To improve tho efficiency of this system, not
only by perfecting our common schools, but by
encouraging and aiding “one or more” higher
literary institutions, in which teachers can be
trained .and qualified; and In increase the fund
appropriated to educational purposes, arc ob
jects which will at all times receive my willing
approval. Money liberally, yet wisely, expen
ded in the pursuit and promotion of knowledge
is true economy. The integity of this system
and its fund most bo preserved. No division
of this fund for political or sectarian purposes
should ever he made or attempted. To divide
is to deslro3 r . Party and sectarian jealousies
would be engendered ; the unity and harmony
of the eystem destroyed, and its noble objects
frustrated and defeated. Bigotry might re
joice, patriotism would weep over such a re
sult.
Tn tho performance of the duties now devolv
ed upon me, it will bo my desire to aid, by all
constitutional and legal means, the development
of the resources of the Slate; and to encourage
and promote her agricultural, mining, manu
facturing and commercial Interests. A kind
Providence has bestowed upon us. with a lib
eral hand, all the elements of wealth and great
ness. Our valleys and plains offer their fertile
soil to the plough-share of the husbandman,
and reward with their rich productions his
honorable toll- Our inexhaustible coal fields;
our rich iron deposits ; lime-stone everywhere,
and just where most required : the intermina
ble forest, and our rushing streams ; all invite
the energy and enterprise of our citizens to the
development of their treasures, and promise a
rich reward .to their labors. The smoke of our
furnaces, the crash of the rolling-mill; the hum
of the spindle ,* and tho din of tho workshop,
attest the energy and manufacturing skill of
our people : and whilst tho plough, the loom,
and the anvil, unite in the production of wealth,
commerce bv her thousand avenues, is bearing
their valuable and abundant products to our
marts of trade. Amidst all these great interests,
and their rapid and afmpst romantic develop
ment. it la a matter of congratulation.inits va
rious departments, has awakened public atten
tion to its importance, and claimed and receiv
ed from science tho tribute of its aid. Penn
sylvania, so deeply interested in (ho success of
her agricultural industry, cannot bo indiffer
ent to tho laudable efforts now making to per
fect and advance this first, and noblest pursuit
of map. This, and all other branches of in
dustry, should receive the fostering care and
encouragement of tho Government,
The Interests of our great commercial empori
um should receive tho considerate attention of
the Legislature. Her manufactures, trade and
commerce, arc of great and Incrcosingimpor- |
tanco, and Philadelphia, as consolidated, in
population wealth, enterprise and intelligence;
ranks and rivals the first cities of tho Union.—
To make her tho first among the cities of oijr
country, should bo tho pride of every Pennsyl
vanian. Her interests are so identified with tho
interests of Iho State, that they oannot bo sep
arated without injury to both. A prudent
and liberal system or legislation, appropriate
to her real wants, would promote her own and
the interests of tho Commonwealth.
A sound currency is essential to tho prosper
ity of a commercial people. All dosses of so
ciety, and every branch of industry, in their
varied interests and .economical relations, arc
interested in securing and maintaining a safe
circulating medium. To accomplish this re
sult, wise and prudent legislation is necessary.
Tho creation of a well regulated, and carcftilly
guarded system of banking, is not only sound
policy, but beneficial to tho legitimate trade and
commerce of tho country: and aids in develop
) fne hcr great natural and industrial resources.
. Our present system of banking, with tho iimi
' tationa, restrictions and liabilities, individual
3 and otherwise, imposed by law on these inati
l tutiona.hu become the settled policy of the
State. Tho checks and guards thrown aronnd
them should not bo lessened or removed. Their
own safety, and the security of the public, re
quire their continuance. __
,' Noticcof numerous intended appiioantsbo
the Legislature for new. banks, on* increase of
backing capital .mid Savings institutions; has
been given as required, by. tho constitution.— ,
‘Without desiring to assume a hostile attitude
totvards all banks, the propriety, of inconjprat
ing-air that may bo called for, Under the no-,
tico given, can not be justified or I
Thp extravagant, improper'or unrcosonabloin
crease of banks and banking capital, is not de
manded by tho wants of community, and
wiH’not, and ram not be sanctioned by- thc-Exe
; cutivc. The present commercial and financial
embarrassment of ‘ tho country ; tho depressed
state of trade: all past experience, and the
more recent experience of some of pur sister
States, as seen in .their ruined banks and de
preciated’currency, demonstrate the necessity
of Legislating cautiously and prudently on tins
, subject. , ' *
| , The number of banks, and consequently tbc
1 amount of banking capital should be limited to, 1
and regulated by, the’ proper demands of active 1
and healthy trade, and the actual business
wants and necessities of the community. This
policy .honestly insisted uponandpurtued.would
protect the country from the .disastrous conse
quences of improvident banking. An extraor
dinary and unnecessary increase of banks,and'
banking facilities, in seasons of great general
prosperity”, leads to extravagant and ruinous
speculation*. .Such increase in times of commer
cial distress/ aggravates and prolongs the evils
it was designed to remedy. Entertaining these
views 1 will not hesitate to sanction tho re
chartering of old and solvent banks, which by i
prudent and careful management; and an hon
est adherence to the legitimate purposes of their
creation, have merited and received the confi
dence of the public. Nor will I refuse to sanc
tion the incorporation of new banks, when in
dispeimbly necessary find clearly demanded
by the actual business wants and .interests of
the community in which they may be located.
To no other, nnd under no other circumstan
ces, can I yield the Executive consent.
To promote the welfare nnd prosperity of the
Commonwealth, by regulating and increasing
her finances, economizing her resources, main
taining her credit, reducing her' debt, and re
lieving her people from oppressive -taxation,
will be the'objecis of my anxious desire: and.
to the accomplishment of which every energy
of my administration will be directed. The
public debt, now exceeding forty millions of
dollars, and the annual taxation necessary to
meet the payment of its interest, seriously af
fect the great industrial interests of the State;
drive labor nud capital from the Common
wealth ; prevent tho extension nnd completion
of her noble system of education, and prosecu
tion of those laudable schemes of benevolence,
which at once benefit, dignify and adorn a free
and enlightened people.
Every consideration of State pride, every
motive of interest, require its reduction and
speedy liquidation, by every available and
practicable means. To secure this object, rig
id-economy in every department of the govern
ment ; retrenchment in the public expenditures:
strict accountability in all the receiving andi
disbursing offleersof the Commonwealth; and]
an honest and faithful discharge of duty by all
her agents, would contribute much, and also
save millions to the Treasury.
Created by the State, in tbc prosecution and ,
management of her system of internal Improve-,
ments—a system characterized by “prodigali
ty, extravagance and corrupt political favorit- 1
Jim”—the sole of these improvements, or at
least of the ‘main lino,’ as a means of reducing
this debt, lessening taxation, and saving our
financial credit, has for many years occupied
the attention of the people, and (heir represen
tatives. Bills for the sale of the mam line
have been passed by three different Legisla
tures, two of which wore approved by the Gov
ernors then in office. Tho people, on the ques
tion being submitted to them in 1844, decided,
by a large majority, in favor of the sale; and
yet those works, from the defective character
of the laws authorizing the sale, the restric
tions contained in them, and from other, caus
es, remain unsold. Public’ sentiment, founded
on economical, moral and political considera
tions, still demands, and the public welfare
still requires, their sale.
The consideration to be paid, the Tnodc.lcrma
and conditions of the sale, ought to be careful
ly considered. Just and liberal inducements
should he offered to purchasers; whilst at the
same time tho people should be protected a
gainst wrong and imposition. By avoiding
the errors of former legislation, a saloon terms
favorable to the Stale, and beneficial to the
purchaser, may bo secured.
It is in vain to hope for a reduction of the
debt, and relief from taxation, without a sale
of the whole, or a part, of our pubbo improve
ment*. Incumbered with debt, and taxed to
support a system, the management of which
has boon marked by extravagance, expenditure,
[fraudulent speculation, and a reckless disro
■ gard of public interests, the people demand re-,
i lief and release from these burdens. The press
! and the ballot box have declared tho popular
i will on this subject, and that will should be
\ obeyed. Duty, and a conviction of its propri-
I ety, will prompt me to give a cordltil support,
! to tho accomplishment of this object.
In this connection, and whether a sale of all
or any of the public improvements bo effected
or not, the abolition or reorganization of the
Board of Canal Commissioners, and the substi
tution of some other efficient nnd responsible
system of management, arc subjects worthy of
consideration. Every measure of reform in
this regard, calculated to incrcascihe efficiency
and responsibility of the supervisory power
protect the interests of tho Stale ; and correct
the real or alleged abuses of the present system,
will receive my approval.
Tho people having in a recent election decid
ed against tho passage of a law prohibiting the
manufacture and sale of spirituous liquors, it
will become tho duly of the Legislature and 1
I Executive to consider what other legislation:
may be necessary to control and comet the o- 1
i vila of intemperance. Our present license sys-
I tem, although highly penal, and corrective of
.many abuses, is still defective. Tho facility 1
* with winch licenses are obtained for the sale of
j mall and other liquors, is an evil that demands
[ reform. The number of places in which these j
I are sold, should be limited by law; and no li
cense granted unless by the Courts, and in the 1
i manner now required in the case of public inns
I and taverns ; and subject to the same rcgula-1
tiona. restrictions md penalties. 1
Tho desecration ortho Sabbath by a traffic so i
fruiUhl of evil, and so demoralizing ia its ro-1
suits, is In direct opposition to the law of God,
and tho moral sentiment of tho people; ond is a ;
reproach to the ago in which wo live. A strln- i
1 gent and comprehensive law, remedial in its
provisions, and vindicating the great law of the
Sabbath, In Us physical and moral relations to
man, Is required, not only by tho moral'senso of
community, but would bo Justified by every sen
timent of humanity, every consideration of phi
lanthropy, ©very impulse of pure and genuine
patriotism. The history of intemperance is writ
ten in tears ond blood. Pauperism, taxation
and crime follow In Its train* A" remedy should
be applied j and public sentiment, with tho full
force of its moral sanction, will approve all pru
dent and constitutional legislation on this sub
i ject. ,
Tho pardoning power—tho harmonious blend
ing of mercy and justice in our Constitution —
will bo oxorclsod with aJust rogord to both these
1 important principles, with every doairo to ox
,tond mercy,to the unfortunate and repentant
transgressor, justice, In her stern demands, will
not bo overlooked by the pardon of tho vicious
and hardened criminal.. This power has boon
conferred on tho/Exocutlvo, not to overthrow
tho administration of Justice, but to aid and pro
mote it. It should bo exorcised with jgrout cau
tion, and only upon tho most satisfactory assur
ance that it is duo to tho condemned, and that
tho rights and security of tho public will not bo
prejudiced by tho’ act. To prevent tho abuso of
this power, and to protect tho Executive from
imposition, notice of . the intended application
should bo published In tho city or county where
tho trial and conviction tools place. *
Experience has domonstrated the impolicy or
subscriptions by municipal corporations, to toe
stock of raUroad'coihpanies,! , Thla'is oipocislly
trad in' relation-to other Bubscr-lotlons.
practice should be, aboJlshedor at least not eu<
. couraged 1 ‘•:
Legislation; far !aa practicable/should brf
general fttid umforra. .Local and special legit*
lation onghtio .beidte'eonragod, -when the object
con be obtained by general laws . Its tendency
is pernicious; and general principles, and publfe *
good, aro.often sacrificed to secure 1 persona! and
private benefits.' “ Omnibus legislation" being
.Improper in'itself, and demoralising* In l(«4a*.,
fldence, riaunot receive my sanctions - The tie*#
and practice 9f my immcdiatoprcdccossor off
tbis'siibject; meet my cordial approval, .
Pennsylvania, occupying as she docs an fal' •
pbrtant and proud position in thoslstof-hood of
States, can not; bo indifferent to thb policy and
acts of the National Government.: Her voice
potential for good In‘other days, ought not to
bo disregarded now.:. Devoted to the Conatitn.
.tlon and tho Union—os sho.vras the first to s6nc<
(ion, she nil! be the last to,endanger the one, of
violate tho other. Regarding’with jealous cars
tho rights of her sister States, she will be ercr
ready to defend her own; The blood of her
sons poured out on tho many battle-fields of (he
Revolution, attests her devotion to tho great
prmclplcs 'ot American freedom—the centre
truth of American republicanism* To the Con
slltution in oil its integrity; to tho Union in its
strength and harmony; to. tho mnintainancc in
its purity, of the faith and honor of our country,
Pennsylvania now is;and alwayshas been pledg.
od—a pledge never violated, and .not to be vio
lated, until patriotism coases lo be a virtue, and
liberty to be known only; as a name.
Entertaining these sentiments, and actuated
by an exclusive desire-'to. promote tho peace,
harmony and welfare of our beloved country,
tho recent acHdb'ol tho National Congress and
Executive, in repealing a solemn compromise,
only less Sacred iti public estimation than tho
•Constitution itself—thus attempting to extend
tho institution ofDotnegtio Slavery Inthc terri
torial domain of tho Nation, violating tho plight
ed faith and honor of the country, niobsing sec
tional Jealousies; and rcnewmg tbe agitation of
vexed and distracting questions—has received
tromlhp people of mtr own and other States ol
the Union, their stern rind merited robnkc, .
TTith no dcssr o to restrain tho foil rind entire
constitutional rights of the State, nor to Inter
fere directly or Indircctlv with their dotreitlc
institutions, the people of Pennsylvania, in view
of tho repeal of (he Missouri Compromise, tho
principle Involved in It, and the consequences
resulting from lt~ ns marked already by fraud,
violence, and strife; have rc-alHrmcd their op
position to thirextenaion of-slavery into terri
tory now free, and renewed their pledge <*to
tho doctrines of the act of 171J0, which relieved
ns by constitutional means from a grievous so
cial evil; to tho groat ordinance of 1787, in ,its
full scope and all'Us beneficent principles; to
(he protection of tho personal rights of every
human being under the Constitution pf Pennsyl
vania, and (he Constitution of tboUnitedSUtes,
by maintaining inviolate the trial by jury, and
(lie writ of habeas corpus; to the assertion of
tho duo rights of tho North, as. well as, ortho
South, and to the Integrity of tho Union."
The declaration of these doctrines.' Is bnt ths
recognition of the fundamental principles of
freedom and human rights. They are neither
new nor startling. They wore taught by patri
otic fathers at the watch-fires of our country’*
defenders; and learned amid the bloody snow*
of Valley Forgo, and tho mighty throes ol war
and revolution. They nro stamped with Indeli
ble Impress upon tho great charter of onr rights,
, and embodied In the legislation of the best and
purest days of (he Republics have filled the,
hearts, and fell horning from the lips of orators
and statesmen, whose memories are Immortal
as tho principles they cherished. They have
been tho watch-word and the hope of millions,
who have gone before ns, are the' watchword
and the hope of millions now, and will be of
millions yet unborn.
In many questions of National and truly
American policy—the due protection of Ameri
can labor and industry, against tho depressing
influence of foreign labor and capital 5 tho im
provement of onr harbors and rivers; tho Na
tional defences; tho eqnitablcdiatribntionoftbo
proceeds of the public lands amqpg the States,
in aid of education and to relieve from debt sod
taxation; a Judicious “homestead reform
in the naturalization laws; and tho protection
of onr country against tho Immigration and im
portation of foreign paupers and
all these, we, as a State and people, era-deeply
interested; and to their nffephotj amt pronTotlotf
every encouragement should bo given.
To the people of my native State, who liars
called, me to preside over her destinies, I return
tho tribute of my warmest grotltudc for tho ho
nor conferred; and my pledge to them this day
la, that “I will try” to realize'their expecta
tions, and not betray tbclr confidence. Jn as
suming tho responsibilities of this high office, I
would ho false to myself and to the feelings that
1 now oppress me, should I hesitate to affirm my
unaffected distrust in my ability to discharge Ur
appropriate duties in a manner commensurate
with their importance. If I cannot secure, I
will labor to deserve tho confidence and appro
bation of my fellow citizens. I do not expert,
I dare not hope, to*cscapo censure. Down - *®
censure I will strive to avoid, all other to dis
regard. Conscious of the rectitude of tny in
tentions; wilb-no ambitions desires to gratify J
no resentments to cherish; no wish, but for tho
public good; It will bo my endeavor to perform
every duty faithfully and fearlessly, and having
done ttds, will abide the judgment of agonerona
people ; assured that if they condemn the act,
they will m least award to mo the meed of good
Intentions.
With the Constitution for my guides *'eqa«f
and exact justice to ail” my desire; the greatest
pood of the greatest number my object—and In
voking the aid and blessing oftbo God ol out
fathers, and desiring to rule lu Ulsfear—my
duty, and" highest ambition, will bo to promote
the true interests of (ho State, maintain our cWu
and religious privileges, defend (be honor, and
advance the prosperity and happiness of. our
Country. JAMES POLLOCK.
Tub Tours Dtino dt lldndwsds.— As to
the town of Balaklava itself, words cannot de
scribe its filth, its horrors, its hospitals, il»
dead and dying Turks, its crowded lanes, its
noisome sheds, its hcftsltj. purlieus, or its d«*
cay.
All tho pictures ever drawn of plagne tod
pestilence, from (ho work of the InKnirod wri«
ter who chromohd the woes of inflael Egypt
down to the narratives Boccaclp, Dc Fee, or
Moltko, fall short of individual “bils” of di
sease and death which any one may see In half
a dozen places during half an hour’* Walk In
Baloklava. In spite of all our cSbrta. the Hi*
ing Turks have made of every lone and ®”W»a
cloaca , and tho forms of human saOcrmg which
meet tho eye at every turn, and once wcrfcWODl
to shook ua, have now mado us callous, and
have ceased cVcn W attract passing attention.
Raise up the pitco of matting or coarse rug
which hangs across the doorway of wmo mis
erable house, from within which you hear loud
wailing* and cries of pain and .prayers, to tho
Prophet, and youwiLscoln one spot and In
instant ft moss of accumulated woes that will
servo you with tho nightmares for a lifetime.
The dead, laid out as they died, arc lying
side by side with tho living, and the toller pro.
sent a spectacle beyond all imagination. The
1 commonest necessaries of an hospital are want*
i ing; there is not tho least attention paid to a«-
i ccncy or cleanliness—*the stench is appalling*—
the (ootid air can barely struggle out to tarot
the atmosphere, save thro' tho chinks in the
walls and roofs, and for all X can observe, ttiMO
men die without tho least effort being made to
save them. There they Ho Just as they wort
lot gently down on tho ground by the poor fol
lows, their comrades, who brought, them on
their backs from tho camp with tho greatest
tenderness, hut who sro not allowed to re
main with them. The sick appear to be lend
, cd by tho sick, and tiro dying by tho dying,
w
ITT' A Boston burn til, inferring to ft suit
against ft physician for, alleged malpractice,
soya; “Itia almost a wonder that any surgeon,
noiy-n-doys, cap bii found, with moral courage
or humane feeling enough to undertake to ntroo
dy ft' deformity, or treat u ciiso of injury, tyitn*
out n bond from Hm patient or Ida legal guar
dian that bo aboil not bo subjected to a.suit for
damages, in case bo aiionid fait to make the
patient aa whole and perfect ad lio was when ne
cotpe from tho hands ofhia Creator,”