Be Raised CONGRESS: Mutilation After almost a month of argument it appeared that congress would grant Franklin Roosevelt his $1,800,- 000,000 defense budget for 1941, but the price would be (1) drastic slashes in all other items and (2) a boost in the $45,000,000,000 national debt limit. In both house and sen- ate, four out of five committeemen kept one eye on the purse strings. The other was cocked carefully to- ward the constituents back home, who are more concerned about econ- omy than pork barrels, even in an election year. One warning came from Budget Director Harold D. Smith, who told all federal agencies to start train- ing for a smaller diet next year. WOODRING AND STARK They'll win; others will lose. He threatened to be ‘‘plenty tough” on requests for deficiency appropria- tions. Another came from house ap- propriations committeemen who threatened to cut a proposed $25,000,000 farm tenancy fund from the agriculture department's budget. But actions spoke louder than threats: « Out from the appropriations com- mittee came a badly mutilated in- dependent offices bill, usually the catch-all for pork barrel items. It was $94,492,166 below the President's budget estimate. Gone were all funds for the national resources planning board and the office of gov- ernment reports. Cut drastically were items for the executive office and the maritime commission. Nor did the house backslide on its ap- propriations committee; next day, having shouted down $22,000,000 in pork-barrel requests, it passed the bill almost exactly as reported by the committee. Meanwhile the army were getting better treatment. miral Harold D. Stark, chief of naval operations, told the house naval committee that he hoped to complete a $2,276,000,000 building program by 1945. Across the street, Secretary of War Harry Woodring told the house military committee about deficiencies in critical ord- nance. Fondest congressional hope, obvi- ously, is to raise the extra $460, and navy Ad- imposing election-year taxes. (originally $1,300,000,000) naval pro- gram, suggested not by the Presi- dent but by Georgia's Rep. Carl Vinson. If this carries, no economies can stop the national debt short of its present limit. Also in congress: @ Mourned was the fate that befell congress’ senior statesman, Idaho's 74-year-old Sen. William E. Borah. While house and senate office build- ings kept an ear cocked for news, the man who had served the senate 33 years lay close to death in his Rock Creek Park apartment, vic- tim of a cerebral hemorrhage fol- lowing a fall. q Vice President Jack Garner, whose opposition usually means cer- tain death to any proposal, barked against a military loan to be- TREND How the wind is blowing— LABOR-—-Thanks partly to the cur- rent house committee probe, a Gal- lup poll showed most of the nation favors revision of the Wagner labor act. Score (of those who had an opinion): 53 per cent for revision; 18 per cent for repeal; 29 per cent for no change, Meanwhile the house committee was about to ask for more money. COMMERCE~—Shipments of air- planes, petroleum and metals to the allies boosted U. S. exports in De- cember to $358,000,000—the largest for any month in almost 10 years. COTTON-—Postponed for Febru- ary, March and April was Britain's end of her barter agreement with the U. 8., under which American cotton is exchanged for British rub- ber. Reason: Britain needs her ships for other purposes. CANADA — Ontario's legislature adopted 44 to 10 a measure criticiz- ing the Canadian government for “inefficient” handling of the war. JAPAN—Backed by commercial interests, the Japanese government has clamped down on domestic silk production to maintain an unvary- ing amount of raw silk for export. leaguered Finland. So had the Pres- ident, for his recommendation of a $50,000,000 loan through the Export- Import bank was strictly for non- military purposes. However, since the Finns wanted money for muni- tions only, their cause seemed lost. ¢ Still arguing for continuation of the reciprocal trade act, the admin- istration sent Undersecretary of Commerce Edward Noble and As- sistant Secretary of State Henry F. Grady to testify before the house ways and means committee. De- fense of the act itself completed, the state department next turned iis guns on the senate’'s plan to seek ratification power over all trade treaties. { The senate foreign relations committee agreed to survey the en- tire field of U. S.-Japanese relations, including proposed embargoes against Japan, after the abrogated trade pact expires. EUROPE: The Belligerents Britain's war consisted of (1) a factory explosion; (2) a reported railroad sabotage plot; (3) a fiery defense in commons of Prime Min- ister Chamberlain's action ousting War Minister Leslie Hore-Belisha, and (4) the slaying of Britain's first German on the western front. France's war featured (1) expul- sion from the chamber of deputies of all pro-Stalin Communists; (2) news of a “plot” to aid Hitler, and (3) a verbal battle with Berlin, where France was accused of back- ing down on its promise not to in- terfere with German expansion in eastern Europe. It was not so quiet for the Finns. For five successive days Russian planes defied temperatures ranging down to 51 degrees below zero, bombing Helsingfors, Hango and other cities mercilessly. Though they might be poor soldiers, the EE SWEDISH VOLUNTEER “Now it is your duty ..."” Russians proved themselves persist. ent in the far-north Salla sector. Forty thousand of them staged a new drive, only to be routed. The Neutrals “Now the world knows what it is to be a Finn. Now it is your duty to show what it means to be a Swede. Make up your mind now. Join the Swedish Volunteer Army, With Finland for Sweden!” This advertisement in a Stockholm newspaper was one answer to Rus- sia’s order that Scandinavia stop sending aid to Finland. Richard J. Sandler, ex-Swedish foreign minis- ter, demanded that his nation send troops to defend the Finnish Aaland islands. Though both the allies and Ger- many tried to remain aloof from this Scandinavian-Russian spat, they were undoubtedly being drawn into it. One reason was the continued sniping at each other's iron ore ship- ments coming out of Sweden, While tension grew here, it less- ened in Netherlands and Belgium, which only a few days earlier had ordered complete mobilization in fear of a Nazi invasion. But there was still a chance that Germany and Russia would try to confound their foes and hostile neutrals alike with lightning-like blows at both the Lowlands and Scandinavia. Italy, watching over the Balkans like a mother hen, heard a warn- ing from Rome to be ready for war “at any moment." Still on the fence, 11 Duce countered Britain's renewed wooing with a warning that Italians should not be too greatly impressed by ‘recent demonstrations of inter- national sympathy.” PEOPLE: Confessions 4 At Washington, North Carolina's Rep. Robert L. Doughton regarded his advanced age (76) and an- nounced he would retire next De- cember 31 when his current term ends. Explanation: "My private business badly needs attention.” «In London, Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain told commons that War Minister Leslie Hore-Belisha was dismissed because he was ‘‘too en- ergetic.”’ Know your news? One hundred is perfect score, deducting 20 points for each question you miss. Score of 60 or higher is acceptable, 1. In which of the following cities did fire kill 500 people, de- stroy 7,000 homes and leave 50,000 homeless: (a) Taranto, Italy; (b) Shizuoka, Japan; (e¢) Nairobi, Tanganyika; (d) Tegucigalpa, Honduras. 2. The new U. 8. ambassador to Belgium, formerly minister to Eire, is: (a) John Cudahy; (b) Joseph Davies; (¢) Tyrone Pow- er; (d) Joseph C. Drew, 3. True or False: Great Britain in a note to the Pan-American neutrality committee in Rio de Janeiro, rejected the 300-mile “safety zone” constructed around the Western hemisphere. 4. Which gubernatorial candi- date in Louisiana's stormy pri- mary election was taken to jail: (a) James A. Noe; (b) Earl K, Long; (¢) James H. Morrison; (d) Sam Houston Jones. 5. The New York stock market deals in: (a) stocks and bonds; (b) grain; (¢) live stock. News Quiz Answers. 1. (B) is correct 2. (A) Is correct was rushed to Brussels because new Nazi crisis (See EUROPE.) 3. True. 4. (A) is correct {Jones and Long led the election, but no candidate had a majority of all votes cast, therefore a run-off is necessary.) 5. (A) is correct. (The stock market queried 5.000 people, learning to its amazement that 24.2 per cent believed grain was handled there, 87 per cent said live stock, and the other 77 per cent, stocks and bonds.) Shizuoka, Japan John Cudahy. He of the DISASTERS: Turkey Again Last December at least 30,000 died when earthquakes and floods hit north central Turkey. About the same time 1,500 more died in the flooded western plains. Late Janu- ary brought still more tragedy to a nation whose international diplo- hatic woes are legion. A second major earthquake killed 50 and in- jured 160 more in the Nigde district, 200 miles southwest of the first quake area. Luckily, such blows were cushioned by French-British friendship. Available to the Ankara government was some $340,000,000 in loans and credits, Turkey's “price” for keeping the strategic Dar- danelles open to allied warships. {This loan, to be repaid partly through British imports of Turkish tobacco, prompt. ed the government to ban imports of U.S. tobacco. Mourning at the news, American growers found themselves deprived over night of an export market running between $60,000,000 and $70,000) g vear.) DEFENSE: Mock Warfare From San Francisco south to Santa Barbara, troops awaited an attempt by the navy to land an at- tacking force of 8,000 men. Mean- while the Caribbean sea buzzed as marines, troops and some 20 war- ships of the Atlantic squadron staged a mock war. POLITICS: Call to Duty *1 realize what it means to be a candi wate for the Republican nomination for President—what it means in responsibility, hard work, in sacrifice. Yet it is a call to duty no citizen can ignore. My answer is yes. Thus did Frank Gannett, Roches- ter, N. Y., publisher, toss his hat into a rirg already cluttered with Tafts, Bridges, and Deweys. All he had waited for was a bid, and that came from the Young Republican Club of In- diana. Un- less he gains tremendous strength, few observ- ers expect Candidate Gannett to make much of a showing nationally. GANNETT But his can- “Yes” didacy does : presage a knock-down-and-drag-out fight for New York's 92 Republican convention votes, wanted also by Manhattan's District Attorney Thom- as E. Dewey. Meanwhile another candidate was given his camera test: Wendell L. Wilkie, president of Commonwealth & Southern cor- poration. At New York 400 sales executives applauded him. Said Dr. Paul Nystrom, president of the Lim- ited Price Variety Stores associa- tion: “We could expect great im- provement with gathering momen- tum if we had a man running for President like our distinguished guest, Mr, Wilkie." Said Mr. Wilkie: Nothing. Franklin Roosevelt was mean- while gaining strength for a third would support the President or any man of his choice, although they would go to the conyention without official instructions. From Ohio came word that its Democratic dele- gates would also be in the Roosevelt camp if their favorite son, Sen, Vie Donahey, failed to develop. Both Democratic and Republican nation- al committees were soon to meet, naming times and places for their nominating conventions. By WILLIAM BRUCKART WNU Service, National Press Bldg, Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON.—What were doing five years ago? And where did you live at that time? What caused you to move, if you did cl residence? While congress is working into a dither of flying arms ar and heads and heels and while New button in an effort to show Presi advocate in 19 centuries, 1 want to talk about something that happens only once in 10 years. 1 refer to ering of information about federal government has launched. A good many folks have been in- thing about which to joke. There was, and is, a certain number of people who think the whole thing is silly. It is not silly. the standpoint of its permanent val- shadow-boxing that we can well af- bunk. The census deals facts about ourselves. of Frank Wilson of the census bu- reau, let me insist again that there is news of lasting value in this cen- self-examination of Uncle Sam by Uncle Sam,”” and when it we all will know much more about ourselves, individually and col- lectively, than we have ever known before. The current census decennial canvasses that have been made since the first survey in 1790. Counting of Noses Is Not Just Human Noses Actual work '* the term is just human example, I say ‘counting noses, rather broader than noses. For, as an first nose counting and quarries. tives will visit something like 3,000,- 000 business concerns, including about 170,000 manufacturing plants and establishments. These figures, of course, are an approximation. The census will show exactly how many there are, what they did in the way of retailing, distributing, shipping, servicing, manufacturing gasoline station and the dry clean. ing shop on the corner. Then, along about April 1, there will be a large army of real nose counters start to work. They will visit your house and mine and every other one and it is expected they will find at the end of the month that there are more than 33,000,000 dwelling units where people live and, further, it is believed they will have counted upwards of 132,000,000 folks in the United States. To do this job and the other phases of count- Progress Has Been Made It seems to me, then, that we can look forward to the results of the current census as showing what progress has been made, what hu. man nature has done in the way of changes. Simultaneously, it will show that many theories of what government can do or has done have failed or have succeeded by re- vealing just how much human na- THE DECENNIAL CENSUS A complete self-examination of Uncle Sam by Uncle Sam. It deals in facts, of which we can- not have too many. Carries news of lasting value. Director Wilson says the birth rate is declining. Results may serve as a guide to the future. May help in solving problems of government. | ture can be influenced by man-made { rules. It can be said, therefore, that a new set of guide books are on the letior the way to ords of the the United wil vy Li~ ~ 1 rans er 1 Mr. ¥ There is a thought in j—and 1 believe son has a better concept of the cen- | sus program and its ultimate value than any other person I ever have | met—that our nation is facing a | much more serious problem in the | matter of old age than is apparent | to most of us. It comes about this | way: Mr. Wilson pointed out that there are fewer babies being born annually among each one thousand | of our population than was the case | 10 or 20 years ago. The birth rate | is declining. At the same time, | through the development of medi- | cal science, through improved living | conditions, through elimination of hazards, reduction of accidents and so forth, the “life span’ of each of us is getting longer and longer. Peo- | ple actually are living longer; the expression of “living on borrowed | time" after one is 70 years old is meaningless because so many people | now live beyond that allotted time. r:1 ¥il- Seemingly Silly Questions Are Really Important At the outset, 1 asked the ques- tions about what you were doing five years ago and where you lived | then. That was not facetious, Those questions are a part of the regular forms which the nose-counters will | carry and which you, as a citizen, must answer. There is a good rea- son. 1 have just written about birth and life and death. If your Uncle Sam | knows something about how firmly you are rooted to a particular farm or town or county or state, he can arrive at conclusions rather re- mote from the questions. For ex- ample, if you are the son of a farm- er and are continuing to farm, it is reasonable to assume that you are a | normally happy and reasonably suc- cessful farmer. Uncle Sam will not | have to worry about that kind. He | does have to worry, as a matter of national policy, however, when the | census taker reports so many from | one place who have moved to the city, especially if those who moved have no training in any field of in- dustry. There arises, quickly, the question of unemployment. Or, this business of moving about may have come from drouth or floods or pestilence. Matters of health are reflected as well. Con- tinued drouth or continued floods may ruin an area for agricultural purposes. With facts concerning the condition, somebody may be able to suggest other means of utilization of the land. Information Will Help As Guide to the Future I suspect that the current census will produce a lot of information that will be classifiable merely as infor. mation. That is, there is bound to be a chunk of the facts and statistics which will serve no immediate use. That is the way of things done by the government. But individuals, business and government each will help as a guide to the future. we can then see how, in 1830, it was 41.3 persons per square mile, That is the average for the nation; one area will be very much less, an- other will be very much more, and it is vital for a manufacturer or a wholesaler or a retailer to know how many prospective customers there are in a given area. And this information extends on down the line to baby buggies. The stork had been flying into homes at the rate of about 6,000 a day in the ten years prior to 1830. Death, with his scythe, had been taking his toll at the rate of about 4,000 a day from 1020 to 1030. What has hap- pened since? The census will tell us sometime next fall and it will tell, in addition, whether a great many factors that influence our lives are subjects to be dealt with by poli- ticians or must remain in the hands of mother nature . . . New Button-Front Tailored, Smart ERE'S a smart new way to make the tailored coat dress, classic shirtwaist lines, that you simply can’t live without. It's indispensable every season of year, for home wear and busin both. es up with § the right crispness in wool crel rh flannel or flat crepe. Make it with matching or contrasting col- » GONE = a No. 8605 ma: lar, and take your choice of long or short sleeves. Pattern provides for both. 1is easy pattern is an alluring invitation to beginners. t's so easy! A few darts and a few gath- ers—that's practically all the de- tailing there is to it. The step-by- step sew chart shows you just what to do! Pattern No. 8605 is designed for gizes 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46 and 48. Size 36 requires 4 yards of 38- “ tal re the ho 2] Eng xs material with short sleeves; td ‘a rey } Ad 4% yards with long; % yard for collar in contrast. Purchased belt. For a pattern of this attractive model send 15 cents in coin, your iress, style, number an he Sewing Circle, Pattern Dept., 247 W. Forty-third St., New York. Friday the 13th It is generally believed that the superstition in connection with the number 13 has reference to the Last Supper of the Lord and His disciples, at which 13 members were present. Friday is consid. ered unlucky by Christians be- cause it was the day of the Lord's Crucifixion, There is also a legend that it is the day on which Adam and Eve partook of the forbidden fruit. Friday was considered un- lucky among the Buddhists, Brahmans and also the Romans, THROAT Does your throat feel prickly when you swallow ~ due to a cold? 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers