Be Raised
CONGRESS:
Mutilation
After almost a month of argument
it appeared that congress would
grant Franklin Roosevelt his $1,800,-
000,000 defense budget for 1941, but
the price would be (1) drastic
slashes in all other items and (2)
a boost in the $45,000,000,000 national
debt limit. In both house and sen-
ate, four out of five committeemen
kept one eye on the purse strings.
The other was cocked carefully to-
ward the constituents back home,
who are more concerned about econ-
omy than pork barrels, even in an
election year.
One warning came from Budget
Director Harold D. Smith, who told
all federal agencies to start train-
ing for a smaller diet next year.
WOODRING AND STARK
They'll win; others will lose.
He threatened to be ‘‘plenty tough”
on requests for deficiency appropria-
tions. Another came from house ap-
propriations committeemen who
threatened to cut a proposed
$25,000,000 farm tenancy fund from
the agriculture department's budget.
But actions spoke louder than
threats:
« Out from the appropriations com-
mittee came a badly mutilated in-
dependent offices bill, usually the
catch-all for pork barrel items. It
was $94,492,166 below the President's
budget estimate. Gone were all
funds for the national resources
planning board and the office of gov-
ernment reports. Cut drastically
were items for the executive office
and the maritime commission. Nor
did the house backslide on its ap-
propriations committee; next day,
having shouted down $22,000,000 in
pork-barrel requests, it passed the
bill almost exactly as reported by
the committee.
Meanwhile the army
were getting better treatment.
miral Harold D. Stark, chief of
naval operations, told the house
naval committee that he hoped to
complete a $2,276,000,000 building
program by 1945. Across the street,
Secretary of War Harry Woodring
told the house military committee
about deficiencies in critical ord-
nance.
Fondest congressional hope, obvi-
ously, is to raise the extra $460,
and navy
Ad-
imposing election-year taxes.
(originally $1,300,000,000) naval pro-
gram, suggested not by the Presi-
dent but by Georgia's Rep. Carl
Vinson. If this carries, no economies
can stop the national debt short of
its present limit.
Also in congress:
@ Mourned was the fate that befell
congress’ senior statesman, Idaho's
74-year-old Sen. William E. Borah.
While house and senate office build-
ings kept an ear cocked for news,
the man who had served the senate
33 years lay close to death in his
Rock Creek Park apartment, vic-
tim of a cerebral hemorrhage fol-
lowing a fall.
q Vice President Jack Garner,
whose opposition usually means cer-
tain death to any proposal, barked
against a military loan to be-
TREND
How the wind is blowing—
LABOR-—-Thanks partly to the cur-
rent house committee probe, a Gal-
lup poll showed most of the nation
favors revision of the Wagner labor
act. Score (of those who had an
opinion): 53 per cent for revision;
18 per cent for repeal; 29 per cent
for no change, Meanwhile the house
committee was about to ask for
more money.
COMMERCE~—Shipments of air-
planes, petroleum and metals to the
allies boosted U. S. exports in De-
cember to $358,000,000—the largest
for any month in almost 10 years.
COTTON-—Postponed for Febru-
ary, March and April was Britain's
end of her barter agreement with
the U. 8., under which American
cotton is exchanged for British rub-
ber. Reason: Britain needs her
ships for other purposes.
CANADA — Ontario's legislature
adopted 44 to 10 a measure criticiz-
ing the Canadian government for
“inefficient” handling of the war.
JAPAN—Backed by commercial
interests, the Japanese government
has clamped down on domestic silk
production to maintain an unvary-
ing amount of raw silk for export.
leaguered Finland. So had the Pres-
ident, for his recommendation of a
$50,000,000 loan through the Export-
Import bank was strictly for non-
military purposes. However, since
the Finns wanted money for muni-
tions only, their cause seemed lost.
¢ Still arguing for continuation of
the reciprocal trade act, the admin-
istration sent Undersecretary of
Commerce Edward Noble and As-
sistant Secretary of State Henry F.
Grady to testify before the house
ways and means committee. De-
fense of the act itself completed, the
state department next turned iis
guns on the senate’'s plan to seek
ratification power over all trade
treaties.
{ The senate foreign relations
committee agreed to survey the en-
tire field of U. S.-Japanese relations,
including proposed embargoes
against Japan, after the abrogated
trade pact expires.
EUROPE:
The Belligerents
Britain's war consisted of (1) a
factory explosion; (2) a reported
railroad sabotage plot; (3) a fiery
defense in commons of Prime Min-
ister Chamberlain's action ousting
War Minister Leslie Hore-Belisha,
and (4) the slaying of Britain's first
German on the western front.
France's war featured (1) expul-
sion from the chamber of deputies
of all pro-Stalin Communists; (2)
news of a “plot” to aid Hitler, and
(3) a verbal battle with Berlin,
where France was accused of back-
ing down on its promise not to in-
terfere with German expansion in
eastern Europe.
It was not so quiet for the Finns.
For five successive days Russian
planes defied temperatures ranging
down to 51 degrees below zero,
bombing Helsingfors, Hango and
other cities mercilessly. Though
they might be poor soldiers, the
EE
SWEDISH VOLUNTEER
“Now it is your duty ..."”
Russians proved themselves persist.
ent in the far-north Salla sector.
Forty thousand of them staged a
new drive, only to be routed.
The Neutrals
“Now the world knows what it is to be
a Finn. Now it is your duty to show what
it means to be a Swede. Make up your
mind now. Join the Swedish Volunteer
Army, With Finland for Sweden!”
This advertisement in a Stockholm
newspaper was one answer to Rus-
sia’s order that Scandinavia stop
sending aid to Finland. Richard J.
Sandler, ex-Swedish foreign minis-
ter, demanded that his nation send
troops to defend the Finnish Aaland
islands.
Though both the allies and Ger-
many tried to remain aloof from
this Scandinavian-Russian spat, they
were undoubtedly being drawn into
it. One reason was the continued
sniping at each other's iron ore ship-
ments coming out of Sweden,
While tension grew here, it less-
ened in Netherlands and Belgium,
which only a few days earlier had
ordered complete mobilization in
fear of a Nazi invasion. But there
was still a chance that Germany
and Russia would try to confound
their foes and hostile neutrals alike
with lightning-like blows at both the
Lowlands and Scandinavia.
Italy, watching over the Balkans
like a mother hen, heard a warn-
ing from Rome to be ready for war
“at any moment." Still on the fence,
11 Duce countered Britain's renewed
wooing with a warning that Italians
should not be too greatly impressed
by ‘recent demonstrations of inter-
national sympathy.”
PEOPLE:
Confessions
4 At Washington, North Carolina's
Rep. Robert L. Doughton regarded
his advanced age (76) and an-
nounced he would retire next De-
cember 31 when his current term
ends. Explanation: "My private
business badly needs attention.”
«In London, Prime Minister Neville
Chamberlain told commons that War
Minister Leslie Hore-Belisha was
dismissed because he was ‘‘too en-
ergetic.”’
Know your news? One hundred is
perfect score, deducting 20 points for
each question you miss. Score of 60
or higher is acceptable,
1. In which of the following
cities did fire kill 500 people, de-
stroy 7,000 homes and leave 50,000
homeless: (a) Taranto, Italy; (b)
Shizuoka, Japan; (e¢) Nairobi,
Tanganyika; (d) Tegucigalpa,
Honduras.
2. The new U. 8. ambassador
to Belgium, formerly minister to
Eire, is: (a) John Cudahy; (b)
Joseph Davies; (¢) Tyrone Pow-
er; (d) Joseph C. Drew,
3. True or False: Great Britain
in a note to the Pan-American
neutrality committee in Rio de
Janeiro, rejected the 300-mile
“safety zone” constructed around
the Western hemisphere.
4. Which gubernatorial candi-
date in Louisiana's stormy pri-
mary election was taken to jail:
(a) James A. Noe; (b) Earl K,
Long; (¢) James H. Morrison;
(d) Sam Houston Jones.
5. The New York stock market
deals in: (a) stocks and bonds;
(b) grain; (¢) live stock.
News Quiz Answers.
1. (B) is correct
2. (A) Is correct
was rushed to Brussels because
new Nazi crisis (See EUROPE.)
3. True.
4. (A) is correct {Jones and Long
led the election, but no candidate had a
majority of all votes cast, therefore a
run-off is necessary.)
5. (A) is correct. (The stock market
queried 5.000 people, learning to its
amazement that 24.2 per cent believed
grain was handled there, 87 per cent
said live stock, and the other 77 per cent,
stocks and bonds.)
Shizuoka, Japan
John Cudahy. He
of the
DISASTERS:
Turkey Again
Last December at least 30,000 died
when earthquakes and floods hit
north central Turkey. About the
same time 1,500 more died in the
flooded western plains. Late Janu-
ary brought still more tragedy to
a nation whose international diplo-
hatic woes are legion. A second
major earthquake killed 50 and in-
jured 160 more in the Nigde district,
200 miles southwest of the first
quake area. Luckily, such blows
were cushioned by French-British
friendship. Available to the Ankara
government was some $340,000,000 in
loans and credits, Turkey's “price”
for keeping the strategic Dar-
danelles open to allied warships.
{This loan, to be repaid partly through
British imports of Turkish tobacco, prompt.
ed the government to ban imports of U.S.
tobacco. Mourning at the news, American
growers found themselves deprived over
night of an export market running between
$60,000,000 and $70,000) g vear.)
DEFENSE:
Mock Warfare
From San Francisco south to
Santa Barbara, troops awaited an
attempt by the navy to land an at-
tacking force of 8,000 men. Mean-
while the Caribbean sea buzzed as
marines, troops and some 20 war-
ships of the Atlantic squadron
staged a mock war.
POLITICS:
Call to Duty
*1 realize what it means to be a candi
wate for the Republican nomination for
President—what it means in responsibility,
hard work, in sacrifice. Yet it is a call
to duty no citizen can ignore. My answer
is yes.
Thus did Frank Gannett, Roches-
ter, N. Y., publisher, toss his hat
into a rirg already cluttered with
Tafts, Bridges, and Deweys. All he
had waited for was a bid, and that
came from
the Young
Republican
Club of In-
diana. Un-
less he gains
tremendous
strength,
few observ-
ers expect
Candidate
Gannett to
make much
of a showing
nationally. GANNETT
But his can- “Yes”
didacy does :
presage a knock-down-and-drag-out
fight for New York's 92 Republican
convention votes, wanted also by
Manhattan's District Attorney Thom-
as E. Dewey.
Meanwhile another
candidate was given his camera
test: Wendell L. Wilkie, president
of Commonwealth & Southern cor-
poration. At New York 400 sales
executives applauded him. Said Dr.
Paul Nystrom, president of the Lim-
ited Price Variety Stores associa-
tion: “We could expect great im-
provement with gathering momen-
tum if we had a man running for
President like our distinguished
guest, Mr, Wilkie."
Said Mr. Wilkie: Nothing.
Franklin Roosevelt was mean-
while gaining strength for a third
would support the President or any
man of his choice, although they
would go to the conyention without
official instructions. From Ohio
came word that its Democratic dele-
gates would also be in the Roosevelt
camp if their favorite son, Sen, Vie
Donahey, failed to develop. Both
Democratic and Republican nation-
al committees were soon to meet,
naming times and places for their
nominating conventions.
By WILLIAM BRUCKART
WNU Service, National Press Bldg,
Washington, D. C.
WASHINGTON.—What were
doing five years ago? And where did
you live at that time? What caused
you to move, if you did cl
residence?
While congress is working
into a dither of flying arms ar
and heads and heels and while New
button in an effort to show Presi
advocate in 19 centuries, 1 want to
talk about something that happens
only once in 10 years. 1 refer to
ering of information about
federal government has launched.
A good many folks have been in-
thing about which to joke. There
was, and is, a certain number of
people who think the whole thing is
silly. It is not silly.
the standpoint of its permanent val-
shadow-boxing that we can well af-
bunk. The census deals
facts about ourselves.
of Frank Wilson of the census bu-
reau, let me insist again that there
is news of lasting value in this cen-
self-examination of Uncle Sam by
Uncle Sam,”” and when it
we all will know much more about
ourselves, individually and col-
lectively, than we have ever known
before. The current census
decennial canvasses that have been
made since the first survey in 1790.
Counting of Noses Is
Not Just Human Noses
Actual work
'* the term is
just human
example,
I say ‘counting noses,
rather broader than
noses. For, as an
first nose counting
and quarries.
tives will visit something like 3,000,-
000 business concerns, including
about 170,000 manufacturing plants
and establishments. These figures,
of course, are an approximation.
The census will show exactly how
many there are, what they did in
the way of retailing, distributing,
shipping, servicing, manufacturing
gasoline station and the dry clean.
ing shop on the corner.
Then, along about April 1, there
will be a large army of real nose
counters start to work. They will
visit your house and mine and every
other one and it is expected they
will find at the end of the month
that there are more than 33,000,000
dwelling units where people live and,
further, it is believed they will have
counted upwards of 132,000,000 folks
in the United States. To do this
job and the other phases of count-
Progress Has Been Made
It seems to me, then, that we can
look forward to the results of the
current census as showing what
progress has been made, what hu.
man nature has done in the way of
changes. Simultaneously, it will
show that many theories of what
government can do or has done have
failed or have succeeded by re-
vealing just how much human na-
THE DECENNIAL CENSUS
A complete self-examination of
Uncle Sam by Uncle Sam. It
deals in facts, of which we can-
not have too many.
Carries news of lasting value.
Director Wilson says the birth
rate is declining.
Results may serve as a guide to
the future.
May help in solving problems of
government.
| ture can be influenced by man-made
{ rules. It can be said, therefore, that
a new set of guide books are on the
letior the way to
ords of the
the
United
wil
vy Li~
~ 1
rans
er 1
Mr. ¥
There is a thought in
j—and 1 believe
son has a better concept of the cen-
| sus program and its ultimate value
than any other person I ever have
| met—that our nation is facing a
| much more serious problem in the
| matter of old age than is apparent
| to most of us. It comes about this
| way: Mr. Wilson pointed out that
there are fewer babies being born
annually among each one thousand
| of our population than was the case
| 10 or 20 years ago. The birth rate
| is declining. At the same time,
| through the development of medi-
| cal science, through improved living
| conditions, through elimination of
hazards, reduction of accidents and
so forth, the “life span’ of each of
us is getting longer and longer. Peo-
| ple actually are living longer; the
expression of “living on borrowed
| time" after one is 70 years old is
meaningless because so many people
| now live beyond that allotted time.
r:1
¥il-
Seemingly Silly Questions
Are Really Important
At the outset, 1 asked the ques-
tions about what you were doing
five years ago and where you lived
| then. That was not facetious, Those
questions are a part of the regular
forms which the nose-counters will
| carry and which you, as a citizen,
must answer. There is a good rea-
son.
1 have just written about birth and
life and death. If your Uncle Sam
| knows something about how firmly
you are rooted to a particular farm
or town or county or state, he can
arrive at conclusions rather re-
mote from the questions. For ex-
ample, if you are the son of a farm-
er and are continuing to farm, it is
reasonable to assume that you are a
| normally happy and reasonably suc-
cessful farmer. Uncle Sam will not
| have to worry about that kind. He
| does have to worry, as a matter of
national policy, however, when the
| census taker reports so many from
| one place who have moved to the
city, especially if those who moved
have no training in any field of in-
dustry. There arises, quickly, the
question of unemployment.
Or, this business of moving about
may have come from drouth or
floods or pestilence. Matters of
health are reflected as well. Con-
tinued drouth or continued floods
may ruin an area for agricultural
purposes. With facts concerning the
condition, somebody may be able
to suggest other means of utilization
of the land.
Information Will Help
As Guide to the Future
I suspect that the current census
will produce a lot of information that
will be classifiable merely as infor.
mation. That is, there is bound to
be a chunk of the facts and statistics
which will serve no immediate use.
That is the way of things done by
the government. But individuals,
business and government each will
help as a guide to the future.
we can then see how, in 1830, it was
41.3 persons per square mile, That
is the average for the nation; one
area will be very much less, an-
other will be very much more, and
it is vital for a manufacturer or a
wholesaler or a retailer to know
how many prospective customers
there are in a given area.
And this information extends on
down the line to baby buggies. The
stork had been flying into homes at
the rate of about 6,000 a day in
the ten years prior to 1830. Death,
with his scythe, had been taking his
toll at the rate of about 4,000 a day
from 1020 to 1030. What has hap-
pened since? The census will tell
us sometime next fall and it will
tell, in addition, whether a great
many factors that influence our lives
are subjects to be dealt with by poli-
ticians or must remain in the hands
of mother nature . . .
New Button-Front
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Friday the 13th
It is generally believed that the
superstition in connection with the
number 13 has reference to the
Last Supper of the Lord and His
disciples, at which 13 members
were present. Friday is consid.
ered unlucky by Christians be-
cause it was the day of the Lord's
Crucifixion,
There is also a legend that it
is the day on which Adam and
Eve partook of the forbidden
fruit. Friday was considered un-
lucky among the Buddhists,
Brahmans and also the Romans,
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Developed Gentility
To have the feeling of gentility
it is not necessary to have been
born gentle.—Lamb.
Relief in Tears
It is some relief to weep; grief
is satisfied and carried off by
tears. Ovid.
f