By EDWARD W. PICKARD SIXTEEN men, arraigned in Mos- cow on charges of plotting the assassination of Dictator Josef Stalin and the seizure of power in the Soviet republic, calmly pleaded guilty. Two of them, Gregory Zinoviev and Leo Kamenev, were members with Stalin 13 years ago of a triumvirate that governed Rus- sia and are well known to the outside world. The confes- sions did not end Gregory the trial, for the de- Zinoviev fendants contradict- ed and accused one another until the case was in a jumble. Some of them, like Zinoviev, proudly ac- cepted responsibility for the plot, which was said to have been engi- neered by the exiled Leon Trotzky. It was believed all sixteen would face the firing squad. Twelve more men and one wom- an, the government announced, were held for examination and probable trial. Some of these were involved by the confessions of the sixteen conspirators. In the case on trial the defend- ants revealed the fact that not only were they plotting the assassination of Stalin and four others, but planned also to betray Trotzky and place Zinoviev and Kamenev in su- preme power, Trotzky, at Hoenefoss, Norway, scoffed at the Moscow proceedings as “humbug.” “For political ven- geance,” he said, ‘‘the trial puts the Dreyfus scandal and the reich- stag fire in the shadow. The confes- sions were forced by the ‘Ogpu’ (secret police), which gives the ac- cused a choice between confession according to the Ogpu’s desires and taking lesser penalties or death.” REMIER MUSSOLINI, insisting that neutrality in the Spanish war must mean absolute noninter- vention, suddenly put Italy's air force of 1,500 war planes in readi- ness for flight to the aid of the Span- ish rebels if France would not abandon her support of the Madrid regime. News of this stirred the People's Front government of France to in- dignation. Officials in Paris said if the rebels in Spain or otherwise openly aided them, France would have to abandon her neutral posi- tion and help the socialists. it was stated factory agreement that would clude both Italy and Germany. Whether Germany would come in, however, was still in doubt. Ber- lin was further provoked against the Madrid government by the stop- ping and search of the German steamer Kamerun by Spanish war- ships off Cadiz. German warships were ordered to protect German shipping “by all means’ and the German charge d’affairs at Madrid was instructed to ‘‘protest imme- diately and in the sharpest form against the action of the Spanish warship, which constituted a vio- lation of all international law.” ships finally had begun the long threatened bombardment of San Sebastian and Irun, goo and that the loyal. ists were carrying out the threatened execution of the 1,900 Fascist hos- tages they were holding there. The battleship Espana fired a lot of heavy shells toward Fort Guadalupe but for a 1 : e at least was 4 f Virgilio apparently not try- ing to hit that Cabanellas stronghold because many of their sympathizers were held prisoners in the fort. The Guadalupe garri- son was hesitant in returning the fire for fear that shells would fall on French territory. Already the French government was angered by the dropping of bombs on French border towns, though it was disput- ed whether they came from loyalist or rebel planes. The Fascists captured the impor- tant town of Badajoz, near the Por- tuguese border, at the point of the bayonet, and were reported to have executed 1,500 government adher- ents taken there. The rebels also reported a victory near Zaragoza after a bloody battle. General Franco met General Mola and “President” Virgilio Cabanellas at the northern rebel headquarters in Burgos and planned for further ad- ATALONIA, which for four years has been an autonomous region within the Spanish state, and which has been supporting the Madrid government against the Fascist reb- els, sees in the present conditions the opportunity to establish its full independence. The generalitat or government council decreed confis- cation of all private property; and then, “to eliminate dual con- trol and place all responsibility in one place,” all magistrates, judges and others appointed by the Madrid government were relieved of their duties. The council also announced it would act henceforth in complete independence in maintaining order. The Catalonian decree promulgat- ed plans for a single tax and speedy suppression of multiple taxation. The basis for the new tax plan, al- though undecided was presumed to be income, not land, as the large agricultural properties are to be collectivized, OPE PIUS XI, addressing pil- grims from Malta, took another whack at communism. Alluding ev- idently to the civil war in Spain, he says: “The world is upside down, and sick from a grievous malady which threatens to become graver and more dangerous still. It is not necessary to say to you Maltese what this illness is, because you have a definite part in the tribula- tion. *“There is only the hand of God to aid humanity and put an end to the horrible massacres which are go- ing on and all the offenses against human fraternity, against religion, priests and God.” |p REPARATIONS for President Roosevelt's trip through drouth region of the Middle West were practically completed and the Chief Executive was supplied with all the facts and figures needed to give him a comprehensive under- standing of the situation before starting. This information was fur- nished mainly by WPA Administra- tor Harry Hopkins, who was select- ed to accompany Mr. Roosevelt on the tour. Mr. Hopkins told the President that in the drouth area 90,000 persons already are on the WPA payrolls and that the number eventually will be 120,000 to 150,000, the relief work being continued through the winter. At this time the cost per man is about $50 a month. Estimates of the amount of mon- “dust bowl” were given the President by Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau and Acting Budget Director Daniel Bell. MNJEITHER Fascism nor Commu- nism will be tolerated in Czech- oslovakia, which is “a firm, inde- structible lighthouse of democra- cy,” said President Eduard Benes in a speech at Reichen- berg. But he told the German minori- ty which he was ad- dressing particular- ly, that he hoped that in the fall “the Locarno powers will be able to work out a plan for general 3 European co-opera- : tion and that good President neighborly relations - Benes will be established between Ger. Leaders of the German minority in Czechoslovakia charge that unem- 1,000 population, compared with the They charge that this is partly hemian factories and failure to give SOIL. conservation compliance is to be checked by a system of aerial photography, if the experiments now being carried on by the AAA are satisfactory. The plan is still only on trial but several millions of acres have already been photo- graphed, it was learned today. So far it is proving cheaper and more efficient than the usual way of checking farmers’ soil conservation compliance. The a¥r pictures also are being extensively used by the soil conservation service to map erosion and soil depletion and to de- termine remedies. SEVEN minutes of lively fighting put Joe Louis of Detroit once TERE is enough United States for the usual do- mestic requirements ot the season of 1936-37, according to the mid- summer report of the bureau of ag- ricultural economics, but the supply wheat in the The amount, however, will not be large, Secreiary Wallace stated. a larger percentage of hard red larger than usual quantity of soft be used in bread flour. be less than in 1935.” Wheat prices in the United States may be expected to average about as high relative to world price lev- els as during the 1935.'36 season, when the price of No. 2 hard winter at Kansas City was 15 cents over Liverpool, the bureau said. During the last three years short crops to- Are ¢ They Failures Because IN A recently published sym- posium of twenty-eight authori- ties on the present status of wom- explain women’s failure. She says it is natural for women to fail. For "it is out of the neces- sity for food and shelter and for providing for the family that most men have fashioned suc- necessity has been a great handi- cap on the activities of women.” “What they have had to do,” we are told, “women have often high relative to the world market price, ‘Farm prices probably have been 20 cents to 30 cents higher than might have been expected with more nearly normal yields in the United States,” the report contin. ued. *‘A return of average or great. er than average yields in the United States would result in an export sur- plus and prices would adjust to- ward an export basis. “The acreage seeded for the 1036 crop, 74,000,000 acres, was the sec- ond largest in history,’ and seedings as large for the 1937 crop would produce fully enough wheat for to- tal domestic utilization even if yields should turn out to be one- fourth below average.” PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT was at his best as a radio orator when he addressed the summer camp at Chautauqua, N. Y., on foreign rela- gs pg tions. He expressed . his deep concern about tendencies in other parts of the world and spoke bit- terly about the vio- lation of both the letter and the spirit of inter national agreements ‘“‘with- out regard to the simple principles of . » honor." President “Our closest Roosevelt neighbors are good neighbors,” the President said. “If there are remoter nations that wish us not good but ill, they know that we are strong; they know that we can and will defend ourself and de- fend our neighborhood." Mr. Roosevelt said he had seen war on land and sea. “I have seen blood running from the wounded,” he said. *I have seen men coughing out their gassed lungs. I have seen the dead in the mud. 1 have seen cities destroyed. I have seen 200 limping, exhausted men come out of line—the surviv- ors of a regiment of 1,000 who went forward forty-eight hours before. 1 have seen children starving. I have seen the agonies of mothers and wives. 1 hate war!” Germans felt that Mr. Roosevelt's speech was aimed at them and re- sented his criticism. A Mexico City newspaper saw in it evidence that the Monroe doctrine was to be re- vived, % TARTING its 1937 building pro- gram, the Navy department ers and six submarines. The bids came from private shipyards and estimates were submitted by navy yards, according to law. The latter were not made. public. struction has advanced approxi- mately $1,000,000 per vessél in the last year. A year ago contracts for destroyers averaged $4,000,000, and $2,500,000 for submarines. Present bids were about a million dollars higher on each type of craft. OLLOWING the recommendation of Father Charles E. Coughlin, the National Union for Social Jus- tice, in convention in Clevelaud, in- dorsed the candidacy of Represent. atives Lemke and O'Brien. heads of the Union party ticket. But, also on the advice of the priest, the The 25,000 members of the N. U. S. J. present enthusiastically and before the convention, reception. constitutionality of the com- modity exchange act, chiefly on the ground that it seeks to regulate in- trastate rather than interstate com- merce in violation to the Constitu. tion, was filed in the federal dis trict court in Chicago. The suit was instituted by Wil flam 8. Moore, a member of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, and names the SXchange: its board of mothers efforts that in other phases would be termed he- roic. Likewise, during the World war, women faced danger and loss gallantly, and they were happier than at any other time in this Twentieth century. But there are today so few things that women have got to do.” If our readers find that ridi- culous, I am glad they agree with me, says a noted writer on sub- jects pertaining to women. To call women failures more men are in “Who's Who,” because less women than men have made positions for them- selves in the professions and in- dustries of the country, is pre posterous on the face of it. It leaves entirely out of account the fact that success cannot be meas- ured by rule of thumb, that it is a relative term. Suppose a wom- an who might have made a suc- cessful office manager, known author, >t a famous psy- chologist, chooses instead to give interest to raising a family. question has been so often and so ably discussed that I shall not try to add to it. However, in the statements that men have a head start for success in the necessity to pro- vide for a family, and that wom- en are at a disadvantage because today ‘‘there are so few things they have got to do,” there is food for thought, and, perhaps, for discussion, by our readers. While it is undoubtedly true that the success of many men has grown out of their necessity to {earn a living, there are countless thousands to whom that necessity has been the obstacle between them and success. There, again, it is the question »f what is meant by success. It seems to me that acquiring wealth is only one kind of success, and it is success only [to the man who started out with | that as an object. And I have { known personally men whose con- notation of success was making a worthwhile contribution in certain ability and talen for the work of {of the necessity for the | grind in a gainful occupation. | As to there being “so few | things that women have got to | do" — isn't the emancipation of | women from complete absorption | in domestic | Europe, the American woman is | regarded as notoriously her hus- | band’s superior in matters | mental growth amd cultural at- | tainment. The reason is obvious, | of course, in his preoccupation | with breadwinning which sets her | free for the higher aims of self- improvement and cultural and civic betterment for her | munity. Isn't that one kind of | success? ' © Bell Syndicate. ~WNL Services. NOTEWORTHY He who has lived obscurely and quietly has lived well. Jost the light I= ‘ Flas senuton Fyre ates ive kc, rex b “4 he tater top, nickle. plated fount, belie 4 {oles Lamps, a SWE Eh regulsr gasciine fe valine, with of dependable Hghting servos, for outs $8.88. - SER YOUR LOCAL DEALER — or write for VREEE Folder THE SOLEMA N LAMP AND STOVE COX A | Don't be Tormented ot a “good hotel” is just a step from the amusement center of New York... TIMES SQUARE... just minutes WOODSTOCK EMT IER HR EL 43 TIRE Lony THE NEW factories. preventing internal friction and heat, which BS and thousands of extra miles. 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers