The By WILLIAM C. UTLEY Y THE end of June approxi mately 1,000,000 American citi- zens more than sixty<dive years old will be receiving pension checks from funds created by and federal co-operation. This will be the beginning of the benefit payments onder of the spectacular one most the United States, the social security act. The act, signed by President Roose- August 14, against extreme poverty velt 193 lection in insurance the largest Unless it age, and ment, Is ever sassed. the Supreme court unconstito- nax sive years, may ult] SKE) (X%) a iccumn lic health service, the blind, children's and material welfare, and similar pub- lic responsibilities, to states in the past for education, road building and other purposes By 1942, these grants-In-ald will be 3 5 passed by the the in importance, old age provision of law the fed. for by systen eral employers operated entirely government, by will be paid with and ial aid employees, no federal ge finand Tax Starts in 1937, employer of one or more ul womes liable for a 1 per cent tax on his pay roll. After three years the rate will become 13 per cent: increase nens g pension as 17635, ance has been than forty yes the Unite in a purity act, tomntine empting, far beyond fa: what rane have been several dec veloping. Right ander way now there is a far * to get states to submit sige plans which w he ill be acceptable to social security board and its di. Frank Bane have already si which have met, or soon will the board's approval 1 Delaware, Idaho, land, Michigan, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Vermont, Wisconsin, Wyoming. Alabama, Colo- rado, Connecticut, Florida, Kansas, Massachusetts, Montana, Ohio, Rhode Island, Utah, Washington and the Dis. trict of Colombia. Eighteen other states have legislation which will them apply for federal aid at some future date. Only Georgia, 4ouisiana, New Mexico, North Carolina, South Dakota, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia are without old age pension laws, but such legislation, it is believed, will be presented to the next session of the gtate legislature In New Deficiency Bill The house appropriations committee has recommended the appropriation of $42.004.500 for social security in the new deficiency bill which, it Is ex. pected, will soon be passed. This will replace the one which was defeated by the famous filibuster of the late Huey Long In the senate last summer. In- cluded In this appropriation will be R24. 600.000 for old nge assistance to June 30, £5.000000 for the aid of de- pendent children, gand SI000000 for the care of the blind. rector, states thmitted hey are: Maine, Mary- Missouri, fowa, enable each. From a politieal polot of view, it is probably the old age pensions which are the most important part of the act at the present time. Certainly the spread of publicity concerning the Townsend plan has emphasized the necessity for caring for the aged whose earning power has declined or van. ished, And it Is the old age pensions which first go into effect. The act makes two provisions for old age. In the first of these pro- visions, the one now in effect) the fed- eral government matches, dollar for dollar, the old age pension systems of the states, up to the point where per- sons of seventy or more dre being paid “$15 by the state and $15 by the fed eral government, These payments would be financed out of the treasury's general fund and the cost would be borne by all the taxpayers; it Is pos gible that a beneficiary may pay noth. ing toward his own pension. Similar federal grants-in-aid are given for pub- a lax reases on the same tax 6 pe ies piay in this for United no part oper to pen- be paid to employees the money goes directly States treasury. The ons which will his arrangement will bear no relation to the employee's needs In hia old paid the amount due him In his contract. Such age: he will be simply an arrangement will of course require amount of accounting the federal will individual. on the government, roll records every employees are exempted from the tax: Governmental units: rallroads: non profit, religious, charitable, sclentifie, literary and educational organizations; agricultural labor; domestic service: casual labor, and employment on ship board. No benefits will begin to be paid chance to assume a little body. Then all persons xixty-five or older who have contributed will become eligible to re ceive payments monthly for the rest of their lives. These payments will be based upon the amounts paid to the credit of the heneficlaries, How Payments Are Computed. Monthly benefit payments will be computed on the total wages paid the contributing worker from the time the plan goes into effect until the time he becomes sixty-five years old. His monthly benefit will be equal to one- half of 1 per cent of the first £3,000 he earned during those years, plus one. twelfth of 1 per cent of the next $42. 000 (which must be earned over a peri. od of 14 years or more-—wages over £3.000 in one year will not be counted), plus one-twenty-fourth of the next $42. 000. However, the benefit to the insured will in no instance be allowed to ex- ceed £85 a month, or £1,020 a year, Since the death rate in the United States is declining year by year, there sire annually more old people in pro- portion to the number of wage-earners, This proportionate number, it is be lieved, will increase through the com- ing decades, so that the heaviest pay- ments of the federal pension system will not come for, say, about forty-odd years. Against this time It is the plan of the social security act to build up a reserve fund which will crowd the $50,000,000,000 mark by 1980, One of the stipulations of the act is that this fund be invested in United States government obligations, But never have these obligations reached a total of anything like $£350,000,000,000, and with the national debt now stand- ing at a record high, it is to be sup- posed (or at least hoped) that the ten. dency in future years will be to reduce these obligations rather than add to them. To turn sufficient of its out. standing issues over to the fund, the government in that case would have to buy them back from the banks, and even write out more promises-lo-pajy with interest. To realize fund it would be necessary such a for on $ the and the banks again, a slow and labo- rious operation. At least, & the those are some of the crit. Another fund of such enorm- to act has received. RR reserve would be a constant temptation seek grafting politicians who m yolitical advo ypularity by nts or smaller in a he fund Aids Naturalization. wav that the = to be paid as crease in the IRIEL So much wo pensions : now or unempl wurance Two model plans have by called the been suggest ed for states the social security board. One is “nooled re erve” plan and the nilan plan. One * mployer re ve ! serve” Contributl svdar the Serve Oniridvulions unaer ian United trust first plan are deposited in the Ntates fund. tributions treasury’'s unemployment Benefits are paid with all con- in is operating. undivided the states henefils would be paid to each unemployed per. gon who was eligible, without regard tion experience. For rating purposes, records would be kept on all employers In the states where the “employer reserve” plan Is adopted, separate ac- counts are kept for each employer, with his contributions being credited only to his own reserve account. Thus an employee's benefits would be limit- ed by the amount of his employer's re- serve account; and the employer's re serve could be charged only with bene- fits pald to his own employees, All corporations or individuals in the United States who employ eight or more persons for 20 weeks (with the same exemptions as are provided in the old age pension plan) dre subject to the tax which will support the bene- fit payments for unemployment insar- ance. This tax will be paid entirely by employers. It will amount to 9 per cent of payrolls for this year, 1.8 1938. Employers In states where the “employer-reserve” plan was in effect would become eligible for decreased rates in the payroll tax in 1939, pro- vided their reserve accounts equal 7% per cent of the payroll for the year before, and five times the total benefits paid from their accounts in any one of the three years preceding. Employers under the “pooled reserve” plan would become eligible for lower rates or lia- ble for higher rates in 1041. Forcing State Co-operation. The social security act provides the federal government with a club for forcing the states to adopt one of its recommended plans, Employers In states which adopt the “pooled reserve” or the “employer reserve,” plan approved by the social curity board, fund of D0 per cent of the tax. “sncouraging” agent is obvious; If a state doesn’t fall in line, nearly 3 per cent of all its payrolls goes out of the state and doesn’t return. Unemployment Insurance acts have been passed by 11 states and the Dis trict of Columbia, most of them In 1085, in anticipation of the federal leg. islation, although In Wisconsin unem- ployment Insurance has been in effect for many years. It is possible that a few states will join the ranks this Year, © Western Newspaper Union, Opinions on Dinitrophenol URING the war many cases of dinitrophenol poisoning occurred among French munition workers. The poisoning which was often severe and sometimes fatal was of such common occurrence that a special investigation was undertak- en by three French research workers, These workers found that dinitro- phenol increased the amount of oxygen needed by the Individual to ten times the usual amount, that heat was in- creased Inside the body so that sugar was taken in great quantities from the liver and muscles, In 1033 Drs, W. CG. Cutting, H. G. Mehrtens, and M. L. Tainter stated in the Journal of the American Medical Association that they had found that in addition to the burn- ing of sugar from the liver and cles, fat in the body was burned also. As the drug thus burned up surplus tissue a number of ex- periments made reducing welght by of dinitro- The dose was given according to the weight of the individ- ual, and rate at which the body proc- esses work was in from 20 to 30 per cent the first hour. After 24 hours rate at which the body work began to decrease and down to the norma! rate by the third day. No fil effects were found In the eight pa- tients after dinitrophenol for two months mus- were in the use phenol. the #41 creased the Dr. Barton pr OCORROS was BEAN even giving Results of Experiments. The drug was then given to nine oth- er patients for prolonged periods, all of whom weight | down on eaten. In fects were noted, lost without the amount of food these nine cases on These research phy cluded that in the dinitrephet useful treatment overweight, However, dangers of tients, be tions, the Council try of vd extensively overweight with the necessary it is estimated that 4.500 patients in Cal me were treated in one fornia al and that probably Year 100.0040 persons have used the drug In North America. Big Demand for Drug. Naturally mand for a welght without food intake ercise, However, the other si f ture shows that “sensitive” to the drug and are afflict- ed with skin eruptions more or less severe, And unfortunately there does not seem to be any means of knowing beforehand If the drug will cause trou- ble because skin tests are of no use, Other disturbances due to the drug were itching, swelling of the lining of mouth. nose and throat, loss smell and taste, “Up to the present time six deaths from dinitrophenol have been reported. In two of these cases especially large doses were taken, but in two others the amounts used were larger than those recommended by Doctor Tainter and his co-workers.” When Death Occurred. “In most of the cases death occurred within 24 hours of the onset of the symptoms of poisoning which are diz. giness, breathlessness, fatigue, fever, and excessive perspiration” It is therefore strongly advised by research workers that the use of the drug be limited to carefully selected cases, Patients with diabetes, inflam. there has been a t big reqguce on the need for ex- - $y 11 drug that will 21848 rua cutting down and with no the individoals are : THM. pnt many of not of the liver and heart, should not be given the drug. In Germany an official warning re- garding the danger of dinitrophenol has been issued. In Canada obesity or overweight has been included In the list of conditions for which rem- edies cannot be sold. The thought then is that this drug does help to reduce weight In certain cases, but as it causes skin eruptions in some, death in others, and should not be used In patients with diabetes, kidney, liver and heart ailments, It ean only safely be taken under the super. vision of a physician. * - * High Blood Pressure by A study of 182 high blood pressure cases Dr, D. Ayman found an in crease In both physical and mental activity. They are dynamic overactive persons with a large and steady out- put of energy. They are sensitive and quick-tempered and that would appear to have been born In them, The point then Is that high blood pressure, while more frequent in over. weights, Is quite common In those of normal weight who are overactive, sensitive, highstrung, nervous. The treatment of course is to try to ac quire a “calmness of spirit” by de veloping a philosophy of life by means of religion or by other methods, © WNU Bervice, OF INTEREST 10 | THE HOUSEWIFE | If your cactus does not bloom pinch | leaves and branches, leaving only branches that grow upward, whenever soll is dry. * * * To dice or cut marshmallows easily dip .a dry scissors into powdered sugar, - * - Meat thawed quickly is likely to be tough. Keep frozen meat in warm place before cooking, w » - teaspoon of chopped maras chino cherries and one tablespoon of One orange juice added to boiled dressing makes a delicious for fruit salads, » - » ing If an apple tree is broken by I 3] sharp knife wound with with a and treat the then give It a coat of linseed oll and lead | paint. Do not let the the live bark. or chisel creosote, vp wid Oe creosole touch Chocolate cake scorches easily bottom and des because of large percentage of fat it contal is therefore necessal to bake a moderate oven, Tie a the when cu over through saved, Add one-eighth tartar to c¢ used in delicious of and gives it a inpamon annie sauce It appie sauce, : flavor. sugar Happiest Age to Marry Is ulations. ages at which ie +3 marry est chance o prepared fessor of ford Theol ing to this the chance mathematic three for for the bride Ho Bi wever t ef le Ness © and the three Novos \Magazi POWER WITHIN The power for real achievement is within you, Where you are now, is the pluce to do your best work to translate your good Iintens do actual deeds. You = tions to do it. Of course you can! ‘Quick Safe R For Eyes lrrite By Exposure REPT BRAT FE) ond D lL * EYES Or Divine To borrow is human—to pay back a Still Coughing ® ? No matter how many medicines you have tried for your cough, chest cold or bronchial irritation, you get relief now with Creomulsion, Berious trouble may be brewing and you cannot afford to take a chance with anything less than Creomul- sion, which goes right to the seat of the trouble to aid nature to Joothe nd heal the inflamed mem branes as the germ-laden phlegm is loosened and expelled. Even if other remedies have failed, don't be discouraged, your druggist is authorized to guarantee Creomulsion and to refund your money if you are not satisfied withy results from the very first bottle, Get Creomulsion right now, (Adv) Worry Defined Worry is interest paid on troublg before it is due. Cardui During Middle Life Women who are entering middle life will be interested in the experi- ence of Mrs. L.. C. McDonald, of Paragould, Ark., who writes: “I took Cardui during change of life. 1 was s0 weak, so nervous, 1 could hardly I just dragged around. I had ng spells and would just give y and head hort. [ » ting M ~ Ou y back cad of Cardui. I took about seven les. It gave me relief and I am now 60 years past, » & pretty good day's work and garden.” of women testify Carded does sot benefit physician, ee ol bene. YOu, is nt >» oe and §) 77a Hisens Clos, Wie hair soft and flafly, 60 conts by mail or st ~ INSTANTLY and Upsets F you want really quick relief from an upset or painful stomach condition—arising from acidity following over-eating, smoking, mixtures of foods or stimulants — just try this: Take—2 teaspoonfuls of Phil- lips’ Milk of Magnesia in a full glass of water. OR — 2 Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia Tablets, the exact equivalent of the liquid form. This acts almost immediately to alkalize the excess acid in the stomach. Neutralizes the acids that cause headaches, nausea, and indigestion pains. You feel resulls ot once. Try it. AND — if you are a aL frequent sufferer from “acd stomach,” use Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia 30 minules after meals. You'll forget you have a stomach! When you buy, see that any box or bottle you accept is clear- ly marked “Genuine Phillips’ Milk of M ia.” SIGNS WHICH OFTEN INDICATE “ACID STOMACH" PAIN AFTER EATING SUPCPLESSNESS OF MAGNES Great Knowledge To be a great man one must i Neither Commended The passions of youth are scarce of one's fortune. ilnkewarmness of age. oak ow do | feel....
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers