ITH the election In the back- ground, President Roosevelt Is ready to push forward more rapidly his ambitious plans for what he calls : “the abundant life” in this country. So he has appointed a large advisory council to aid in formulating and getting through congress his program of social reforms. The chairman is Frank P. Graham, president of the University of North Carolina, who has been serving as vice chairman of the NRA consumers’ advisory board. He and his colleagues, all known to be New Dealers or in close sympathy with the New Deal, are asked by Mr. Roosevelt “for advice and counsel in development of a program for unemployment insurance, old age security and adequate health care.” Work on the social program already is well under way and an executive committee has laid the groundwork, Also Miss Frances Perkins, secretary of labor and chairman of that execu- tive committee, has named an advisory committee of physicians and surgecns that, according to advance rumors, will report a program that will be “revolu- tionary almost to the point of estab. lishing socialized medicine.” This medical group is headed by Dr. Har- vey Cushing of Yale whose daughter Betsey Is the wife of James Roosevelt, son of the President. Secretary Perkins announced that other committees were being organized to ald in the formation of plans for federal intervention In problems of public health, hospitalization, and den- tistry. V HEN the federal conference on economic security met in Wash- ington, nearly all the members of the advisory committees were present. The President told the delegates that he would present to the coming con- gress bills to provide for setting up im- mediately an unemployment insurance program. As to health insurance and old ag: pensions, he said he was not certain the time had arrived for fed- eral legislation to put these into effect, and he uttered a warning against “organizations promoting fantastic schemes” and arousing hopes “which cannot possibly be fulfilled.” Though Mr. Roosevelt conceded to the separate states the right to decide what type of unemployment insurance they would adopt, he declared that he would reserve to the federal govern- ment the right to hold and invest and control all moneys which might be collected. This was necessary, the President added, because of the magnitude of the funds, and “so that the use of these funds as a means of stabilization may be maintained In central management and employed on a national basis.” It is expected that from $4.000.000.000 to £5,000,000,000 would be raised in the course of several years. Mr. Roosevelt insisted that unem- ployment insurance must be kept en- tirely apart from the dole, and that it should be managed strictly on an actuarially sound basis. He indicated that he favored legislation along the lines of the Wager-Lewis bill iIntro- duced In the last congress, under which a 5 per cent federal tax would be put upon all commercial pay rolls, certain portions of the proceeds being paid back to such states as had adopted legislation for the working of an un- employment Insurance program. Before the conference members went to the White House to hear the Presi- dent, they indulged in a discussion that brought out all sorts of views on what should be done. Relief Adminis. trator Harry Hopkins and Mayor La Guardia of New York urged immediate establishment of a federal program to include benefits for the 4.200.000 families now on relief. Hopking sald any program not encompassing these destitute “is not worth its salt.” La Guardia, In the same veln, sald cities cannot hold up under the rellef load much longer. This was not In accord with the view expressed a little later El Frank P, Graham — of the confusion of ideas In the con ference, For the purpose of obtaining better co-operation among federal agencies engaged In lending government funds, the President has appointed a commit. tee consisting of the heads of the agen- cles, with Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau as chalrman. The new organization will report to the Presi dent from time to time and its activi- ties will cover the treasury, interior, public works, federal housing, farm credit, Home Owners’ Loan corpora- tion, agricultural adjustment adminis. tration, export-import banking, com- modity credit, federal deposit insur. ance, the RFC, federal reserve board and publie works housing. In connection with this co-ordinating move, the White House stated that when the present applications of the Home Owners’ Loan corporation have been reduced to terms of approval the § § ' { i i original £3,000,000,000 allotment will have been used up. NOTHER program that {8s being rapldly prepared by the Presi. dent's advisers for action by congress has to do with the nation's natural re sources, and the necessary legislation Is being drafted by the national re- sources board. It is of utmost impor tance and In Washington there is a be lief that it may lead to government control, and possibly government own- ership, of all timber lands, oll reser. voirs and coal fields, and government dominion over all existing and future water power developments on the na- tion's lakes and rivers. RESIDENT ROOSEVELT has gone to his winter retreat at Warm Springs, Ga., where he will remain until after Thanksgiving day, and on the way had some interesting experi ences. First he traveled to Harrods burg, Ky.. where he helped Gov. Ruby Laffoon and other officlals in the un- velling and dedication of a memorial to the men and women who established there the first permanent Anglo-Saxon settlement west of the "Alleghenies, The monument, erected by the federal government at a cost of £100,000, over. looks Ploneer Memorial State park. It depicts an epoch rather than an event, and the only portralt among the many carved figures is that of George Rogers Clark, who there planned his conquest of the old northwest terri tory. From Harrodsburg the President went to see the Tennessee valley devel opment which has been well ealled the laboratory of the “more abundant life” It was with deepest Interest that he viewed the work that Is being done by about 1.200 men bullding dams in the Tennessee river and tributaries to provide power, flood control. navi gation and new fields of work for per. sons drawn from unprofitable land. After a visit to the Hermitage, home of Andrew Jackson at Nashville, Mr. Roosevelt Inspected the revived Muscle Shoals plants and the Wheeler and Wii- son dams, and then went to Tupelo, Miss., the first town to purchase power from the new federal development. NCLE SAM need expect no pay- ment from France on the war debt on December 15, when the next instal meng is due. It is stated In Paris that ws France will then de faunit for the fifth straight time. Pierre Etienne Flandin, new premier, opposed pay- ment in 1832, when he was minister of finance, and his cab inet is now taking the same position as the previous government awaiting an Anglo Premise American settlement which would serve as Flandin a basis for Franco American negotiations. The only idea for revision of the debts that has met with any enthusi- asm in French parliamentary circles is a 10 per cent payment to correspond with the reparations relief granted Germany by the Lausanne agreement, Proposals for larger amounts, or “pay- ment In kind.” have met with coldness. The chamber of deputies Is clinging to the position that France will not pay one cent more than it gets from Germany. ATDREW MELLON may now have another cause for grievance against the federal Treasury depart ment, for the government has made charges against the Unlon Trust company of Pittsburgh, a Mellon insti. tation, of filing “a false and fraudulent income tax return” for 1930 In a tax action demanding payment of $218. 333 plus a 50 per cent penalty, In supporting its claim, the govern. ment listed eight transactions in 1031 as evidence that all were “ a part of a false and fraudulent course of con duet on the part of sald Union Trust company.” Among the 1931 transac tions were two “accommodation” deals with Andrew W. Mellon. EDERAL JUDGE CHARLES 1 DAWSON of Louisville, Ky., over. ruling an attack on the validity of the Frazier-Lemke farm moratorium act, declared "with regret” that it is con stitutional. In his opinion he sald: “The legislation, In some of its pro- visions, Is unfair to creditors, and un- wise even as to farm debtors, for it inevitably closes to them all private sources of credit.” J REDERICR LANDIS, the only Re publican to be elected to congress from Indiana In the recent election, died of pneumonia in his home town, Logansport. He was a brother of Kenesaw M. Landis, national base ball commissioner, JJ onesr requests for 800 new alr planes have been submitted by the army alr corps, and If the corps’ plan Is approved the United States will have tory aerial armada in the world, in- cluding eventually 2400 planes, THE CENTRE R ERMAN Nazis in the Saar, or ganized as the German Front, as- been trying to stir up a quarrel for the purpose of Inducing Geoffrey Knox, president of the League of Nations commission for the Saar, to eall in for- elgn troops. itants of the Saar to vote for return iscite to be held January 13. In its memorial to the league the German Front asserted that it pos- sesses documents to prove that France pro-French groups have been trained in the use of machine guns and in- flammable liquids, This Is for the pur. pose of executing a coup d'etat late In November or early in December, the German note sald. TT MOONEY, who has served 18 years of a life sentence for com. plicity In the San Francisco Prepared- ness day bombing in 1016, may yet win release. The United States Supreme court consented to _lve at least pre- Hminary consideration to his case, and that is a big point in his favor. The court ordered the warden of San Quentin prison to show cause within 40 days why counsel for Mooney should not be granted leave to file a petition for a writ of habeas corpus. The order of the court does not mean that it will review the case. ENATOR THOMAS and his fellow inflationists were not pleased with the President's cholee of a new gov- ernor of the federal reserve board to i succeed Eugene Black. He picked Marriner 8. Eccles, a Utah bank- er, whose Ideas of in- flation are not at all those of Thomas, for they do not Include fiat money. Mr. Eccles believes In “credit in flation”; he would control the reserve banks’ purchases of . government securities, Marriner 8. jue money against Eccles these purchases and spend the new money for government bonds, thus creating an endless chain of credit arrangement. So long as this chain were maintained unbroken, the government's credit would be inex haustible, Something like fifteen billion dollars, according to Mr. Eccles, should be spent by the government for public works and housing projects, and he thinks this vast sum can be obtained by following out his monetary plans 9 HE government has issued an order permiiting the free exportation of capital from the United States, and business men rake this as a concession to those who demand stabilization of the currency as a prerequisite to busi- ness recovery. It does not mean stabilization but is a step toward It and Indicated the administration has dropped the !dea of bringing about re covery by debasing the dollar. Pre sumably, If further attempts to cheapen the dollar In foreign exchange were contemplated, the treasury would not leave the doors open for the wholesale flight of American capital abroad, "RIZONA 1s determined to prevent the construction of the Parker di- version dam across the Colorado river unless it gets what it considers its share of the hydro-electric power to be developed by that project. Gov. B. B. Moeur declared a "war zone™ on the Arizona side of the river at the dam site and sent a detachment of National Guardsmen with rifles and machine guns to halt work there, The United States burean of reclam. ation ordered that work on the Parker dam on the Arizona side be stopped until the dispute Is settled, so Gov. ernor Moeur called the troops back to Prescott and Phoenix, “It's a showdown this time,” Moeur sald, "we are going to gel something or we aren't. And If we can't expect anything, we want to know it before this project is farther advanced.” W. P. Whitsett, chairman of the Los Angeles metropolitan water district board of directors, sald he “heartily agreed” with Governor Moenr that An. gona should have one-half of the power privilege at the Parker dam. ELEBRATIONS of Armistice day In the United States and the allied countries of Europe were generally marked by warnings of the dangers of another terrible war In the not distant future. At Arlington national cemetery President Roosevelt quietly laid » wreath of chrysanthemums on the grave of the Unknown Soldier while military detachments stood at atten tion, and then, as taps sounded, Mrs, Roosevelt stepped forward and placed a single white flower at the foot of the shrine, National Commander Bel grano of the American Legion was one of the speakers at Arlington, and called for adequate defense of the nation against both foreign foes and the forces of unrest that are attacking our insti- tutions. I——— tions, Chancellor Riart of Paraguay sald his government could not accept a truce in the Chaco war In return for international guarantees, as was pro posed by the league. Riart insisted that an end to hostilities should come before negotintions are undertaken to solve the war and to arrange definite terms for peace. However, Paraguay nccepted the principle that the confilet proper should be settled by conelll ation, The Chaco consultative committee of the league asked the secretary gen eral to request the United States and Brazil to collaborate in ending the war Washington.—The smoke of battle bas cleared away sufficiently since the : election to permit Election of an analysis and Analysis already there is a general conclusion discernible as to two things: (1) The Republican party must un dergo a complete reorganization, a com plete elimination of the old line lead ers and the assumption of power by virulent forward looking men and women of the newer generations. (2) President Roosevelt, accorded the greatest vote of confidence ever given a Chief Executive, is confronted with the greatest responsibility ever laid on the lap of one individual in the history of this nation. Thus, there can be no doubt, accord ing to astute judges, that Mr. Roose velt and his administration are in real danger because he has too many blind followers. It seems to be generally agreed among political leaders and ob servers—that is, all political legpders excepting those who refuse to believe a change has come—that the Republican party went into the recent campaign and finished that campaign without any kind of a program. Some critics are saying that Henry P. Fletcher, the Republican national chairman, is to blame. I do not find that eriticism sup ported generally. But in politics some one always must be the goat and ap parently Mr, Fletcher is to be made the goat by Republicans who have been or unwilling “to take it.” Mr. Fletcher and his co-workers, Sen ator Hastings of Delaware, and Repre sentative Bolton of Ohlo, are known to have pulled back in their criticisms of the administration. The consensus seems to be, however, that this alone was not sufficient to have resulted in the overwhelming defeat which the party suffered. It was, rather, an en tire lack of definite proposals from the Republican leadership, and throughout the country, according to well authen- ticated information, the younger crowd of Republicans was apathetic. They bad nothing to encourage them and nothing to offer In argument in the piace of the things the New Deal was preaching. In some quarters it is emphatically insisted that the New Dealers, theories and all, amounted to a light In the dis mal darkness of the economic depres sion. This school of thought argues that it does not matter whether success has crowned the President's recovery efforts. He at least has maintained a forward-appearing movement and in the absence of anything construetive from the other side, a people down trodden and with resources exhauosted look to him with a hope which they could not pin to any other flag staff, » » . But, as said above, Mr. Roosevelt has his problems. They are more danger. ous than when he President's took office. With Problems more than a two thirds majority In each house of congress, ithe President, it is held generally, must guard himself against too many friends, The two-thirds majority always has been regarded as a fine asset for an ad ministration in forcing through legisia- tion where it Is necessary to apply a gag rule. This is particuiarly true in the house of representatives which has a tendency to become a maelstrom on too many occasions. Many new mem bers, embued with the idea of a New Deal mandate, will swallow the Presi. dent's legisiative proposals without question. History shows this to be a most dangerous condition for the Chief Executive. He has no, opposition to call attention to mistakes, weaknesses, or vulnerable spots In the programs which he offers. One official, and a rather high offi. cial at that, suggested the other day that he was in favor of “organizing” an opposition bloc in the house and sen ate. It was his conviction that if there were critics among the Democrats, they would constitute something of a leaders ship for the Republican minority and that, by these two groups, valuable criticism of administration policies would be avaliable. All through the Inst session of congress numerous con- servative Democrats, mainly from the South, were working under cover to hold the brain trust programs within bounds. Many of the senators, and representatives as well, went about thelr work quietly but none the less effectively and, 1 think It Is conceded by most persons in a position to know, that these men kept the New Deal from going too far to the left. LA One other phase of the Roosevelt problem deserves consideration. The campaign showed Ultra-Radical any number of men Threat to have ideas far beyond the New Deal program. In fact, some of them are ul tra-radieal, Observers here contend that Mr. Roosevelt is faced with a genuine threat from these personages, In other words, it appears to be within the realm of possibility that he wiii those unable fg L gl le hm ITD | —— sitions in order that when the radical group makes demands, he can make concessions to them and accomplish the ends sought. This conjecture, of course, is pre dicated upon the frequently heard con- dition that the radical bloe will be larger In congress than heretofore and that they will assert themselves, The President's ability to meet this condi tion obviously will be tested, but there are many observers who say that the President is the best tight-rope walker the country ever las seen. Looking into the future, it seems per- fectly safe to say that the realignment of parties has taken greater strides than most observers thought possible when Mr. Roosevelt was proposing the New Deal in the 1082 campaign. It was perfectly patent then and became more apparent as he took office, as I reported to you at that time, that Mr, Roosevelt was building a party of his OWI » * . I heard a Washington political writer, a man of forty years’ experience, say the other day that Sees Break-Up it was not impos of ‘Solid South’ bie for a break- South” up of the “solid to occur within the next years. He envisioned withdrawal the conservative South from any party that tied closely into the liberal or rad- ical groups that dominate the Middle West and the Rocky Mountain areas. It presented a picture rather new in the political scene In that it seemed to suggest the possibility of an slignment of the East against the Middle West and the far western sections of the country. The thought was expressed with two factors in mind. It was pointed out that the bulk of the territory east of the Mississippi river is based in manu. facturing Industres. In that territory are many large and medium sized cities. Their Interests are different than those west of the Mississippl. The condition resolves the question into one of economics. The second factor to be considered is the fact that the so-called solid South is inherently conservative. That links with the great manufacturing sections of the country. If Mr. Roosevelt has succeeded or does succeed In creating his own party, under whatever name it may eventually be known, this Wash- ington observer told me he foresaw gradual defection of southern Demo crats and their alignment with manu- facturing Interests in a conservative party. History shows that such develop ments as are pictured in the above pre diction are very slow. Notwithstand- ing the rapid changes that have come since Mr. Roosevelt became President it Is unreasonable to suppose that ac- complishment of an entire political party revolution can be accomplished in time to affect the result of the 1630 Presi dential election. Some students of politics maintain, however, that the development will have been sufficient by 1036 to wield some Influence, From all of the discussion 1 hear at this time the result in 1086 will be de pendent upon whether there has been complete recovery and whether federal money holds out that long. There are few with whom 1 have talked who dis- agree with the premise that with. drawal of federal ald, for re lief or otherwise, can be accom. plished without important political re actions, six of * * » This Is the story of a man whose name many of you have seen engraved in stone on many post offices through- out the United States. It is the story of a man who grew up In government service and who is now retiring to the rest and recreation which 40 years of government service certainly entities him. At the end of this month, James A. Wetmore will close his desk at the treasury where he hag served since 1015 as acting supervisng architect and from which office he has directed the greatest public building program ever undertaken by any government. Mr. Wetmore is seventy-one years old and he says that he is going to enjoy the hastens to explain that he has enjoyed nearly every day of the work he has been doling. ; It was almost half a century agn that M. Wetmore the day in 1885 when he began work there, his rise has been steady and his asked “to Ail in for awhile” sisted In his refusal of the office of supervising architect. You will note wherever his name appears graven on the corner stone of a post office that there Is the word “acting” before the rest of the titie. The reason Is simple. Mr, Wetmore is not an architect and never has been, Thus a career officially ende, a career about which few of his countrymen knew. While his name appears on hun Unsound Condition of Tubers May Lead to Loss and Disappointment. By Prof. Ora Bmith, New York Biate College of Agriculture WRU Service A poor storage place may completely ruin a crop of first class potatoes, but the best storage will not make un- sound potatoes Into marketable ones. To store wet or muddy, unripe, badly bruised, cut, skinned, diseased, frosted, or otherwise unsound tubers, leads to loss and disappointment. Both mols ture and temperature can be con trolled by ventilation In a constructed storage. Growers of potatoes in state suffer greater losses temperatures than from freezing. storage temperature between 36 degrees Fahrenheit is reco the best for potatoes, Below grees the tubers develop a sweet which is undesirable in market but not injure the seed Potatoes will not freeze st tempers tures above 2 degrees. They about 40 degrees, When first placed In storage g toes shou 3 » § or properis New York from ot from high does enrout a EB is BL id have all possible tion as long as there is no dar freezing. This ventilation femperature and helps to remove moisture brought in from the also that given off curing. If this moist moved, lowers hy develop. provided during potatoes dry. Silage Prized as Winter Feed for the Lamb Flock Shrewd feeders, and especially ti who will have be the in on the during the oo W. CG. in sheep husbandry at the agricuiture, University of Iii: Feed costs will high 2 will be eaten up unless the fed to gain fast, he pointed gains generally are they mean good use of quick improvement in the the lambs, “Feed costs will be a much more im. portant tem in the expense and re turns of lamb feeding #his season than was the case a year ago. Roughages, especially hays, will cost much more, and all grains have so advanced that it will not be 80 easy to get a margin over feed costs, “Silage is a relatively cheap feed and may be used as the only roughage for fattening lambs, If it is properly supplemented to make up for the lack of protein and mineral. When legume hay is not fed in addition to the silage, it is essential that a protein concen- trate such as soy bean oil meal. cot- tonseed meal or linseed meal be In cluded In the ration. Likewise, some simple mineral supplement should be spread over the sliage. About one- fourth pound of the protein supplement daily for each lamb is usually enough.” pienty of silage Ones molt likely favorable outlook for coming winter, Kammiade, assistant De cheap gains, feed I condition Pretty, but Evil The wild morning glory may add a bit of pleasing color to the fields, par- ticularly along boundary fences, but its innocent appearance cloaks its real damage. The plant is of the same general family as the sweet potato and thus serves to harbor the weevil, which attacks the sweet potato and does great damage If left uncontrolled. In order to eliminate the weevil it is necessary to clean fields thoroughly after the harvest and also rout out the morning glories in order to deprive the weevil of a host between growing seasons of the vegetable. May Try Desert Grass If grasslands can survive for thou sands of years on the edge of the Gobi desert In central Asia, despite severe drouths, heavy pasturing and wide wa- riations in temperature, why should not grasses of the same species be heipful in rebuilding the depleted range lands of western United States? With this thought in view the United States Department of Agriculture is planning an Asiatic expedition to study conditions in the Gobi region and obtain specimens of grasses with which to experiment in western drouth-besieged territories. Agricultural Notes Crops In Sweden this year are re ported as “generally excellent.” - - - Nearly 300,000 tons of cotton were grown in Brazil this year. - - - Unchilled meats must be rushed into the cooker and cans right after killing. * % =» Good silage may be made ag late as midwinter if approximately an eqyal weight of water and stover are put in .- . » Corn stover silage f8 worth ton for ton about two-thirds as much as nor- mal corn silage. .« & » Cleaning out dirt In stores of pota- toes before they are stored for the winter helps prevent sprouting and -m . » : . Agronomists point out that es-iy spring pasture growth may be encour aged hy allowing 8 to 8 inches of growth during the fall and fertilizing with a nitrogenous fertilizer early next ’
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers