ITH the election In the back-
ground, President Roosevelt Is
ready to push forward more rapidly
his ambitious plans for what he calls
: “the abundant life”
in this country. So
he has appointed a
large advisory council
to aid in formulating
and getting through
congress his program
of social reforms. The
chairman is Frank P.
Graham, president of
the University of North
Carolina, who has
been serving as vice
chairman of the NRA
consumers’ advisory
board. He and his colleagues, all
known to be New Dealers or in close
sympathy with the New Deal, are
asked by Mr. Roosevelt “for advice and
counsel in development of a program
for unemployment insurance, old age
security and adequate health care.”
Work on the social program already
is well under way and an executive
committee has laid the groundwork,
Also Miss Frances Perkins, secretary
of labor and chairman of that execu-
tive committee, has named an advisory
committee of physicians and surgecns
that, according to advance rumors, will
report a program that will be “revolu-
tionary almost to the point of estab.
lishing socialized medicine.” This
medical group is headed by Dr. Har-
vey Cushing of Yale whose daughter
Betsey Is the wife of James Roosevelt,
son of the President.
Secretary Perkins announced that
other committees were being organized
to ald in the formation of plans for
federal intervention In problems of
public health, hospitalization, and den-
tistry.
V HEN the federal conference on
economic security met in Wash-
ington, nearly all the members of the
advisory committees were present.
The President told the delegates that
he would present to the coming con-
gress bills to provide for setting up im-
mediately an unemployment insurance
program. As to health insurance and
old ag: pensions, he said he was not
certain the time had arrived for fed-
eral legislation to put these into effect,
and he uttered a warning against
“organizations promoting fantastic
schemes” and arousing hopes “which
cannot possibly be fulfilled.”
Though Mr. Roosevelt conceded to
the separate states the right to decide
what type of unemployment insurance
they would adopt, he declared that he
would reserve to the federal govern-
ment the right to hold and invest and
control all moneys which might be
collected.
This was necessary, the President
added, because of the magnitude of the
funds, and “so that the use of these
funds as a means of stabilization may
be maintained In central management
and employed on a national basis.” It
is expected that from $4.000.000.000 to
£5,000,000,000 would be raised in the
course of several years.
Mr. Roosevelt insisted that unem-
ployment insurance must be kept en-
tirely apart from the dole, and that
it should be managed strictly on an
actuarially sound basis. He indicated
that he favored legislation along the
lines of the Wager-Lewis bill iIntro-
duced In the last congress, under which
a 5 per cent federal tax would be put
upon all commercial pay rolls, certain
portions of the proceeds being paid
back to such states as had adopted
legislation for the working of an un-
employment Insurance program.
Before the conference members went
to the White House to hear the Presi-
dent, they indulged in a discussion
that brought out all sorts of views on
what should be done. Relief Adminis.
trator Harry Hopkins and Mayor La
Guardia of New York urged immediate
establishment of a federal program
to include benefits for the 4.200.000
families now on relief. Hopking sald
any program not encompassing these
destitute “is not worth its salt.” La
Guardia, In the same veln, sald cities
cannot hold up under the rellef load
much longer. This was not In accord
with the view expressed a little later
El
Frank P,
Graham
—
of the confusion of ideas In the con
ference,
For the purpose of obtaining better
co-operation among federal agencies
engaged In lending government funds,
the President has appointed a commit.
tee consisting of the heads of the agen-
cles, with Secretary of the Treasury
Morgenthau as chalrman. The new
organization will report to the Presi
dent from time to time and its activi-
ties will cover the treasury, interior,
public works, federal housing, farm
credit, Home Owners’ Loan corpora-
tion, agricultural adjustment adminis.
tration, export-import banking, com-
modity credit, federal deposit insur.
ance, the RFC, federal reserve board
and publie works housing.
In connection with this co-ordinating
move, the White House stated that
when the present applications of the
Home Owners’ Loan corporation have
been reduced to terms of approval the
§
§
'
{
i
i
original £3,000,000,000 allotment will
have been used up.
NOTHER program that {8s being
rapldly prepared by the Presi.
dent's advisers for action by congress
has to do with the nation's natural re
sources, and the necessary legislation
Is being drafted by the national re-
sources board. It is of utmost impor
tance and In Washington there is a be
lief that it may lead to government
control, and possibly government own-
ership, of all timber lands, oll reser.
voirs and coal fields, and government
dominion over all existing and future
water power developments on the na-
tion's lakes and rivers.
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT has gone
to his winter retreat at Warm
Springs, Ga., where he will remain
until after Thanksgiving day, and on
the way had some interesting experi
ences. First he traveled to Harrods
burg, Ky.. where he helped Gov. Ruby
Laffoon and other officlals in the un-
velling and dedication of a memorial
to the men and women who established
there the first permanent Anglo-Saxon
settlement west of the "Alleghenies,
The monument, erected by the federal
government at a cost of £100,000, over.
looks Ploneer Memorial State park.
It depicts an epoch rather than an
event, and the only portralt among the
many carved figures is that of George
Rogers Clark, who there planned his
conquest of the old northwest terri
tory.
From Harrodsburg the President
went to see the Tennessee valley devel
opment which has been well ealled the
laboratory of the “more abundant
life” It was with deepest Interest
that he viewed the work that Is being
done by about 1.200 men bullding dams
in the Tennessee river and tributaries
to provide power, flood control. navi
gation and new fields of work for per.
sons drawn from unprofitable land.
After a visit to the Hermitage, home
of Andrew Jackson at Nashville, Mr.
Roosevelt Inspected the revived Muscle
Shoals plants and the Wheeler and Wii-
son dams, and then went to Tupelo,
Miss., the first town to purchase power
from the new federal development.
NCLE SAM need expect no pay-
ment from France on the war debt
on December 15, when the next instal
meng is due. It is stated In Paris that
ws France will then de
faunit for the fifth
straight time. Pierre
Etienne Flandin, new
premier, opposed pay-
ment in 1832, when he
was minister of
finance, and his cab
inet is now taking the
same position as the
previous government
awaiting an Anglo
Premise American settlement
which would serve as
Flandin a basis for Franco
American negotiations.
The only idea for revision of the
debts that has met with any enthusi-
asm in French parliamentary circles is
a 10 per cent payment to correspond
with the reparations relief granted
Germany by the Lausanne agreement,
Proposals for larger amounts, or “pay-
ment In kind.” have met with coldness.
The chamber of deputies Is clinging
to the position that France will not
pay one cent more than it gets from
Germany.
ATDREW MELLON may now have
another cause for grievance
against the federal Treasury depart
ment, for the government has made
charges against the Unlon Trust
company of Pittsburgh, a Mellon insti.
tation, of filing “a false and fraudulent
income tax return” for 1930 In a tax
action demanding payment of $218.
333 plus a 50 per cent penalty,
In supporting its claim, the govern.
ment listed eight transactions in 1031
as evidence that all were “ a part of
a false and fraudulent course of con
duet on the part of sald Union Trust
company.” Among the 1931 transac
tions were two “accommodation” deals
with Andrew W. Mellon.
EDERAL JUDGE CHARLES 1
DAWSON of Louisville, Ky., over.
ruling an attack on the validity of the
Frazier-Lemke farm moratorium act,
declared "with regret” that it is con
stitutional. In his opinion he sald:
“The legislation, In some of its pro-
visions, Is unfair to creditors, and un-
wise even as to farm debtors, for it
inevitably closes to them all private
sources of credit.”
J REDERICR LANDIS, the only Re
publican to be elected to congress
from Indiana In the recent election,
died of pneumonia in his home town,
Logansport. He was a brother of
Kenesaw M. Landis, national base
ball commissioner,
JJ onesr requests for 800 new alr
planes have been submitted by the
army alr corps, and If the corps’ plan
Is approved the United States will have
tory aerial armada in the world, in-
cluding eventually 2400 planes,
THE CENTRE R
ERMAN Nazis in the Saar, or
ganized as the German Front, as-
been trying to stir up a quarrel for
the purpose of Inducing Geoffrey Knox,
president of the League of Nations
commission for the Saar, to eall in for-
elgn troops.
itants of the Saar to vote for return
iscite to be held January 13.
In its memorial to the league the
German Front asserted that it pos-
sesses documents to prove that France
pro-French groups have been trained
in the use of machine guns and in-
flammable liquids, This Is for the pur.
pose of executing a coup d'etat late
In November or early in December, the
German note sald.
TT MOONEY, who has served 18
years of a life sentence for com.
plicity In the San Francisco Prepared-
ness day bombing in 1016, may yet win
release. The United States Supreme
court consented to _lve at least pre-
Hminary consideration to his case, and
that is a big point in his favor.
The court ordered the warden of San
Quentin prison to show cause within 40
days why counsel for Mooney should
not be granted leave to file a petition
for a writ of habeas corpus. The order
of the court does not mean that it
will review the case.
ENATOR THOMAS and his fellow
inflationists were not pleased with
the President's cholee of a new gov-
ernor of the federal reserve board to
i succeed Eugene Black.
He picked Marriner 8.
Eccles, a Utah bank-
er, whose Ideas of in-
flation are not at all
those of Thomas, for
they do not Include
fiat money. Mr. Eccles
believes In “credit in
flation”; he would
control the reserve
banks’ purchases of
. government securities,
Marriner 8. jue money against
Eccles these purchases and
spend the new money for government
bonds, thus creating an endless chain
of credit arrangement. So long as this
chain were maintained unbroken, the
government's credit would be inex
haustible,
Something like fifteen billion dollars,
according to Mr. Eccles, should be
spent by the government for public
works and housing projects, and he
thinks this vast sum can be obtained
by following out his monetary plans
9
HE government has issued an order
permiiting the free exportation of
capital from the United States, and
business men rake this as a concession
to those who demand stabilization of
the currency as a prerequisite to busi-
ness recovery. It does not mean
stabilization but is a step toward It
and Indicated the administration has
dropped the !dea of bringing about re
covery by debasing the dollar. Pre
sumably, If further attempts to cheapen
the dollar In foreign exchange were
contemplated, the treasury would not
leave the doors open for the wholesale
flight of American capital abroad,
"RIZONA 1s determined to prevent
the construction of the Parker di-
version dam across the Colorado river
unless it gets what it considers its
share of the hydro-electric power to be
developed by that project. Gov. B. B.
Moeur declared a "war zone™ on the
Arizona side of the river at the dam
site and sent a detachment of National
Guardsmen with rifles and machine
guns to halt work there,
The United States burean of reclam.
ation ordered that work on the Parker
dam on the Arizona side be stopped
until the dispute Is settled, so Gov.
ernor Moeur called the troops back to
Prescott and Phoenix,
“It's a showdown this time,” Moeur
sald, "we are going to gel something
or we aren't. And If we can't expect
anything, we want to know it before
this project is farther advanced.”
W. P. Whitsett, chairman of the Los
Angeles metropolitan water district
board of directors, sald he “heartily
agreed” with Governor Moenr that An.
gona should have one-half of the power
privilege at the Parker dam.
ELEBRATIONS of Armistice day In
the United States and the allied
countries of Europe were generally
marked by warnings of the dangers of
another terrible war In the not distant
future. At Arlington national cemetery
President Roosevelt quietly laid »
wreath of chrysanthemums on the
grave of the Unknown Soldier while
military detachments stood at atten
tion, and then, as taps sounded, Mrs,
Roosevelt stepped forward and placed
a single white flower at the foot of
the shrine, National Commander Bel
grano of the American Legion was one
of the speakers at Arlington, and called
for adequate defense of the nation
against both foreign foes and the forces
of unrest that are attacking our insti-
tutions.
I———
tions, Chancellor Riart of Paraguay
sald his government could not accept a
truce in the Chaco war In return for
international guarantees, as was pro
posed by the league. Riart insisted
that an end to hostilities should come
before negotintions are undertaken to
solve the war and to arrange definite
terms for peace. However, Paraguay
nccepted the principle that the confilet
proper should be settled by conelll
ation,
The Chaco consultative committee of
the league asked the secretary gen
eral to request the United States and
Brazil to collaborate in ending the war
Washington.—The smoke of battle
bas cleared away sufficiently since the
: election to permit
Election
of an analysis and
Analysis
already there is a
general conclusion
discernible as to two things:
(1) The Republican party must un
dergo a complete reorganization, a com
plete elimination of the old line lead
ers and the assumption of power by
virulent forward looking men and
women of the newer generations.
(2) President Roosevelt, accorded
the greatest vote of confidence ever
given a Chief Executive, is confronted
with the greatest responsibility ever
laid on the lap of one individual in the
history of this nation.
Thus, there can be no doubt, accord
ing to astute judges, that Mr. Roose
velt and his administration are in real
danger because he has too many blind
followers. It seems to be generally
agreed among political leaders and ob
servers—that is, all political legpders
excepting those who refuse to believe a
change has come—that the Republican
party went into the recent campaign
and finished that campaign without
any kind of a program. Some critics
are saying that Henry P. Fletcher, the
Republican national chairman, is to
blame. I do not find that eriticism sup
ported generally. But in politics some
one always must be the goat and ap
parently Mr, Fletcher is to be made
the goat by Republicans who
have been or unwilling “to
take it.”
Mr. Fletcher and his co-workers, Sen
ator Hastings of Delaware, and Repre
sentative Bolton of Ohlo, are known to
have pulled back in their criticisms of
the administration. The consensus
seems to be, however, that this alone
was not sufficient to have resulted in
the overwhelming defeat which the
party suffered. It was, rather, an en
tire lack of definite proposals from the
Republican leadership, and throughout
the country, according to well authen-
ticated information, the younger crowd
of Republicans was apathetic. They
bad nothing to encourage them and
nothing to offer In argument in the
piace of the things the New Deal was
preaching.
In some quarters it is emphatically
insisted that the New Dealers, theories
and all, amounted to a light In the dis
mal darkness of the economic depres
sion. This school of thought argues
that it does not matter whether success
has crowned the President's recovery
efforts. He at least has maintained
a forward-appearing movement and in
the absence of anything construetive
from the other side, a people down
trodden and with resources exhauosted
look to him with a hope which they
could not pin to any other flag staff,
» » .
But, as said above, Mr. Roosevelt has
his problems. They are more danger.
ous than when he
President's took office. With
Problems
more than a two
thirds majority In
each house of congress, ithe President,
it is held generally, must guard himself
against too many friends,
The two-thirds majority always has
been regarded as a fine asset for an ad
ministration in forcing through legisia-
tion where it Is necessary to apply a
gag rule. This is particuiarly true in
the house of representatives which has
a tendency to become a maelstrom on
too many occasions. Many new mem
bers, embued with the idea of a New
Deal mandate, will swallow the Presi.
dent's legisiative proposals without
question. History shows this to be a
most dangerous condition for the Chief
Executive. He has no, opposition to
call attention to mistakes, weaknesses,
or vulnerable spots In the programs
which he offers.
One official, and a rather high offi.
cial at that, suggested the other day
that he was in favor of “organizing” an
opposition bloc in the house and sen
ate. It was his conviction that if there
were critics among the Democrats, they
would constitute something of a leaders
ship for the Republican minority and
that, by these two groups, valuable
criticism of administration policies
would be avaliable. All through the
Inst session of congress numerous con-
servative Democrats, mainly from the
South, were working under cover to
hold the brain trust programs within
bounds. Many of the senators, and
representatives as well, went about
thelr work quietly but none the less
effectively and, 1 think It Is conceded
by most persons in a position to know,
that these men kept the New Deal
from going too far to the left.
LA
One other phase of the Roosevelt
problem deserves consideration. The
campaign showed
Ultra-Radical any number of men
Threat
to have ideas far beyond the New Deal
program. In fact, some of them are ul
tra-radieal, Observers here contend
that Mr. Roosevelt is faced with a
genuine threat from these personages,
In other words, it appears to be within
the realm of possibility that he wiii
those
unable
fg
L
gl
le
hm
ITD
| ——
sitions in order that when the radical
group makes demands, he can make
concessions to them and accomplish
the ends sought.
This conjecture, of course, is pre
dicated upon the frequently heard con-
dition that the radical bloe will be
larger In congress than heretofore and
that they will assert themselves, The
President's ability to meet this condi
tion obviously will be tested, but there
are many observers who say that the
President is the best tight-rope walker
the country ever las seen.
Looking into the future, it seems per-
fectly safe to say that the realignment
of parties has taken greater strides
than most observers thought possible
when Mr. Roosevelt was proposing the
New Deal in the 1082 campaign. It
was perfectly patent then and became
more apparent as he took office, as I
reported to you at that time, that Mr,
Roosevelt was building a party of his
OWI
» * .
I heard a Washington political writer,
a man of forty years’ experience, say
the other day that
Sees Break-Up
it was not impos
of ‘Solid South’ bie for a break-
South”
up of the “solid
to occur within the next
years. He envisioned withdrawal
the conservative South from any party
that tied closely into the liberal or rad-
ical groups that dominate the Middle
West and the Rocky Mountain areas. It
presented a picture rather new in the
political scene In that it seemed to
suggest the possibility of an slignment
of the East against the Middle West
and the far western sections of the
country.
The thought was expressed with two
factors in mind. It was pointed out
that the bulk of the territory east of
the Mississippi river is based in manu.
facturing Industres. In that territory
are many large and medium sized
cities. Their Interests are different
than those west of the Mississippl. The
condition resolves the question into
one of economics.
The second factor to be considered
is the fact that the so-called solid South
is inherently conservative. That links
with the great manufacturing sections
of the country. If Mr. Roosevelt has
succeeded or does succeed In creating
his own party, under whatever name it
may eventually be known, this Wash-
ington observer told me he foresaw
gradual defection of southern Demo
crats and their alignment with manu-
facturing Interests in a conservative
party.
History shows that such develop
ments as are pictured in the above pre
diction are very slow. Notwithstand-
ing the rapid changes that have come
since Mr. Roosevelt became President
it Is unreasonable to suppose that ac-
complishment of an entire political party
revolution can be accomplished in time
to affect the result of the 1630 Presi
dential election. Some students of
politics maintain, however, that the
development will have been sufficient
by 1036 to wield some Influence,
From all of the discussion 1 hear at
this time the result in 1086 will be de
pendent upon whether there has been
complete recovery and whether federal
money holds out that long. There are
few with whom 1 have talked who dis-
agree with the premise that with.
drawal of federal ald, for re
lief or otherwise, can be accom.
plished without important political re
actions,
six
of
* * »
This Is the story of a man whose
name many of you have seen engraved
in stone on many post offices through-
out the United States. It is the story
of a man who grew up In government
service and who is now retiring to the
rest and recreation which 40 years of
government service certainly entities
him.
At the end of this month, James A.
Wetmore will close his desk at the
treasury where he hag served since
1015 as acting supervisng architect and
from which office he has directed the
greatest public building program ever
undertaken by any government. Mr.
Wetmore is seventy-one years old and
he says that he is going to enjoy the
hastens to explain that he has enjoyed
nearly every day of the work he has
been doling. ;
It was almost half a century agn that
M. Wetmore
the day in 1885 when he began work
there, his rise has been steady and his
asked “to Ail in for awhile”
sisted In his refusal of the office of
supervising architect. You will note
wherever his name appears graven on
the corner stone of a post office that
there Is the word “acting” before the
rest of the titie. The reason Is simple.
Mr, Wetmore is not an architect and
never has been,
Thus a career officially ende, a career
about which few of his countrymen
knew. While his name appears on hun
Unsound Condition of Tubers
May Lead to Loss and
Disappointment.
By Prof. Ora Bmith, New York Biate College
of Agriculture WRU Service
A poor storage place may completely
ruin a crop of first class potatoes, but
the best storage will not make un-
sound potatoes Into marketable ones.
To store wet or muddy, unripe, badly
bruised, cut, skinned, diseased, frosted,
or otherwise unsound tubers, leads to
loss and disappointment. Both mols
ture and temperature can be con
trolled by ventilation In a
constructed storage.
Growers of potatoes in
state suffer greater losses
temperatures than from freezing.
storage temperature between 36
degrees Fahrenheit is reco
the best for potatoes, Below
grees the tubers develop a sweet
which is undesirable in market
but not injure the seed
Potatoes will not freeze st tempers
tures above 2 degrees. They
about 40 degrees,
When first placed In storage
g
toes shou
3
» § or
properis
New York
from ot
from high
does
enrout a
EB is BL
id have all possible
tion as long as there is no dar
freezing. This ventilation
femperature and helps to remove
moisture brought in from the
also that given off
curing. If this moist
moved,
lowers
hy
develop.
provided during
potatoes dry.
Silage Prized as Winter
Feed for the Lamb Flock
Shrewd feeders, and especially ti
who
will
have
be the
in on the
during the
oo W. CG.
in sheep husbandry at the
agricuiture, University of Iii:
Feed costs will high 2
will be eaten up unless the
fed to gain fast, he pointed
gains generally are
they mean good use of
quick improvement in the
the lambs,
“Feed costs will be a much more im.
portant tem in the expense and re
turns of lamb feeding #his season than
was the case a year ago. Roughages,
especially hays, will cost much more,
and all grains have so advanced that
it will not be 80 easy to get a margin
over feed costs,
“Silage is a relatively cheap feed
and may be used as the only roughage
for fattening lambs, If it is properly
supplemented to make up for the lack
of protein and mineral. When legume
hay is not fed in addition to the silage,
it is essential that a protein concen-
trate such as soy bean oil meal. cot-
tonseed meal or linseed meal be In
cluded In the ration. Likewise, some
simple mineral supplement should be
spread over the sliage. About one-
fourth pound of the protein supplement
daily for each lamb is usually enough.”
pienty of silage
Ones molt likely
favorable outlook for
coming winter,
Kammiade, assistant
De
cheap gains,
feed I
condition
Pretty, but Evil
The wild morning glory may add a
bit of pleasing color to the fields, par-
ticularly along boundary fences, but its
innocent appearance cloaks its real
damage. The plant is of the same
general family as the sweet potato and
thus serves to harbor the weevil, which
attacks the sweet potato and does great
damage If left uncontrolled. In order
to eliminate the weevil it is necessary
to clean fields thoroughly after the
harvest and also rout out the morning
glories in order to deprive the weevil
of a host between growing seasons of
the vegetable.
May Try Desert Grass
If grasslands can survive for thou
sands of years on the edge of the Gobi
desert In central Asia, despite severe
drouths, heavy pasturing and wide wa-
riations in temperature, why should
not grasses of the same species be
heipful in rebuilding the depleted
range lands of western United States?
With this thought in view the United
States Department of Agriculture is
planning an Asiatic expedition to
study conditions in the Gobi region
and obtain specimens of grasses with
which to experiment in western
drouth-besieged territories.
Agricultural Notes
Crops In Sweden this year are re
ported as “generally excellent.”
- - -
Nearly 300,000 tons of cotton were
grown in Brazil this year.
- - -
Unchilled meats must be rushed into
the cooker and cans right after killing.
* % =»
Good silage may be made ag late as
midwinter if approximately an eqyal
weight of water and stover are put in
.- . »
Corn stover silage f8 worth ton for
ton about two-thirds as much as nor-
mal corn silage.
.« & »
Cleaning out dirt In stores of pota-
toes before they are stored for the
winter helps prevent sprouting and
-m . »
: .
Agronomists point out that es-iy
spring pasture growth may be encour
aged hy allowing 8 to 8 inches of
growth during the fall and fertilizing
with a nitrogenous fertilizer early next
’