— By EDWARD W. PICKARD WO men of great importance In the maintenance of peace in Europe were removed from the scene by the bullets of the assassin, Petrus Kale : aio» men, who slew King Alexander of Jugo- slavia and Louis Bar thou, French foreign minister, In Marseilles, “Another Sarejevo?” was the question In every mind, and, in. deed, there was some other great war, Alex- ander was just begin ‘ning a “good will” visit In France, which was closely tied up with Barthou’s plan for an accord between France and Italy, and Barthou was soon to Eo to Rome to further the scheme. Jugo- slavia is allied to France but is not at all friendly to Italy, and Alexander hated Mussolini personally, believing that the duce gave moral support to the rebellious Croats. But the king did not want war and was willing to help along the proposed accord if It was not inimical to his country. If trouble does follow after the as rassinations it probably will start with revolution In Jugoslavia. Only by as suming and exercising dictatorial pow- ers was Alexander able to keep peace in the hodgepodge that comprises the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats end Slovenes, otherwise Jugoslayia, and it is not certain that there is anyone eise there who can do it. Civil war might tempt some other nation to intervene and grab part of the realm, and in that case a general conflict might be pre cipitated. Alexander's eldest son Peter, who was in school in England, was prompt ly proclaimed king and. being only eleven years old, will ranle under a regency of three men who were named in the political will of the murdered monarch. Whether these three ean hold the kingdom Intact is a question Only the Serbs are really loyal to the royal house, though all the people had admired the strength and bravery of Alexander, life had been at tempted four times before. The death of Alexander was held especially important Germany by the statesmen of that country, for they had to him to curb to a con siderable extent the alleged ambitions of Mussolini. He was considered a close friend of the reich and a poten tial ally. France was not only worried by the possibility of trouble In the Balkans but also deeply mourned the death of Barthou, one of her ablest statesmen and, indeed, one of the ablest in Eu rope. He had been working assiduous ly on his pet scheme of a security pact for eastern Europe: and, aithough Ger many had scored him for trying to build a diplomatic and economic ring about the reich, last June. he personal ly negotiated an accord between France and Germany that was believed to give assyrance of peace, Petrus Kalemen, the assassin, who was quickly killed by the French po- lice, was found to have been traveling on a forged (Czech passport. Two men who accompanied him’ on his mission of death were captured near the Swiss border and another was being hunted down in Fontainebleau forest. Where they came from and what organization was back of the assassinations had not been learned at this writing. The po lice thought they belonged to a secret Macedonian revolutionary society, King Alexander whose to looked IVIL war in Spain was precipitated by the radical elements, starting with a 24-hour general strike which Was declared by the Socialists and Communists In an swer to the formation of a conservative gov ernment by Premier Alejandro Lerroux un der the domination of reactionary Catholics Within a few hours bloody conflicts broke out in many regions, and Catalonia the northeast corner of the country, decided Sap this was the time to Luis Companys establish itself as an independent re public. Luls Companys, president of the state, announced: “Catalonia is breaking off relations with the rest of Spain. 1 demand complete discipline from everyone” He called on Gen. Domingo Batet, commander of the gar. rison at Barcelona, to swear allegiance to the new regime, but that wily sol dier sparred for time, and before an hour had passed he received orders from Madrid to declare a state of siege, His troops battled with the Catalans, and soon had Companys and his fellow leaders cooped up in the presidential palace. Reinforcements for the gov. ernment forces arrived swiftly by land, sea and alr, Then the artillery opened up, and after the palace had been thoroughly shelled, Companys and his colleagues surrendered and were marched to a prison ship in Barcelona harbor. The revolution was over and the new Cata. lan republic went out of existence, It Was rumored the collapse was partly ot due to a dispute between Companys and former Premier Manuel Azana, a co-leader In the revolt. Azana was found in hiding and arrested. Surrender of Companys did not end the fighting In northern Spain, for the revolutionists in various regions con- tinued thelr desperate efforts, but the government considered the revolt real ly had been suppressed. There was no telling how many had been killed or wounded, but certainly the casualty lists were terribly long. EN. DOUGLAS MAC ARTHUR, chief of staff and now In com- mand of the G. H. Q. combat alr force and also of the ground forces, is plan- ning to develop a fighting fleet of super battle planes. The first step will be the organization of the G. HQ alr force of at least 1,000 planes grouped in five “wings” based on both coasts and In the Middle West. This wouid bring the army Corps up to about 2.300 planes, making an aerial fighting fleet approximately the equal of any in the world. G2 GIFFORD PINCHOT of Penn- sympathy with much of President Roosevelt's program, but he kas now definitely broken away by coming out In fa vor of the re-election of Senator David A. Reed, anti-New Deal Republican whose de- feat would be most welcome to the ad ministration. immedi ately after Pinchot announced his stand in a speech at Wilkes Barre, Postmaster General Farley con. Gov. Pinchot ferred with Mr. Roosevelt and then, as chairman of the Democratic National committee, gave out a stinging attack on Plochot. In it he referred to Sen ator Reed as “perhaps the most out- standing foe of the President's poli cies,” who, if elected, would “do ev ery- thing in his power to hamper the Pres ident’s program and to make & misdeal out of the New Deal” It is said that the Pennsylvania Dem. ocrats are Importuning the President to take a hand personally, and perhaps make a speech in the state. in an effort to win over rock-ribbed Pennsylvania and retire Senator Reed In a defedr which could also be construed as a slap at Pinchot and Andrew W. Mellon, GG CY ERNMENT crop benefit checks for more than $352.000.000 have been pald to farmers participating in the production adjustment program according to figures compiled by the AAA. Some $575,000,000 additional is scheduled for payment ander pro RTams now in effect, pearly 0 per cent of it before the end of this year. Thus, the farmers stake in the AAA approximates £1.000,000,000. Payments already made or to be made before January are included In the estimate of the bureau of agricul tural economics which places 1934 cash farm income at about £6,000,000 000 compared to $5.000,000000 last year and $4.333,000,000 in 1882 RESIDENT ROOSEVELT has made it plain that the Civilian Conserva. tion corps, one of the least criticized features of his recovery program, is to be continued indefinitely. He wrote to Robert Fechner, director of the corps, saying: “lI have been greatly Interested and encouraged by the fine report from your visits to COC camps in many parts of the country. “This kind of work must go on. 1 believe that the nation feels that the work of these young men is so thor oughly justified and, in addition, the benefits to the men themselves fire so clear that the actual annual cost will be met without much opposition or much compiaint.” Mr. Fechner had reported to the President that the cost of the COC dur Ing its eighteen months of operation had amounted to $443,000,000, HERE is an interesting report cir. culating in Wisconsin, especially in Madison. It is to the effect that Pres ident Glenn frank of the University of Wisconsin is looking toward the Republican Presidential nomination in 1036 and that this idea explains his re. fusal to permit Lloyd K. Garrison to remain in Washington as head of the national labor relations board The Madison Capital Times sald it understood Doctor Frank feels the Re publican party fs in need of a “lib eral” candidate, yet not a * i. liberal, and believes he 13 in a tion to qualify. To interviewers Doctor Frank de. clined to comment on the newspaper story. He sald his insistence that Gar. rison return to his duties as dean of - the law school was solely In the inter. ests of the university, HODE Island Republicans are quite satisfied with Felix Hebert as senator and have renominated him. For governor the state convention named Gen. Luke H. Gallan, a veteran of the Spanish-American and World wars, * Use of the taxpayers’ money for the government operation of factories in competition with private enterprise was condemned by the board of direc. tors of the Natlonal Association of Manufacturers, which acted on petl- tions received from seventeen trade associations, The manufactur ers assert that such government experi- mentation merely results in depriving Jobs, creating employment at one point and unemployment at another, “Entrance of the government into the manufacturing business in compe- tition with its own citizens,” gays the manufacturers’ statement, “even to supply relief for the unemployed, con- stitutes an extravagant use of the tax- payers' money in further experimenta- tions, “Where those In distress cannot be i work for which they could be paid, then public funds may legitimately be on a subsistence basis. But to furnish necessities required through govern- ment operated factories Is the wrong way to do the right thing.” (UAFERRING with the full mem- ~ bership of the new national indus- trinl recovery board headed by 8. Clay Williams, President Roosevelt let it be known that be was far from satis fied with NRA enforcement in the past and asked the board to devise more vigorous and effective methods. Price fixing and production control were discussed but not at length amd with the general understanding that, altholigh price-fixing policies of the paper, no sweeping action would action at all would come slowly, TTORNEY GENERAL CUMMINGS has called a national conference to discuss crime which Is to open in Washington December 8 and continue three days ‘resident Roosevelt is to address the first session In Constitution ball. The conference will be invited fo give broad and practical considera- principal aspects: 1. Causes and prevention of crime 2. Investigation, detection, and ap prehension of crime and criminals 8. Criminal courts and prosecution 4. Detection, parole, probation. and pardon. 6 HE voice of Hauptmann is the voice | heard in the cemetery that pight when the $50.000 ransom was paid,” sald Col. Charles A. Lind. bergh to the grand Jury in Trenton. N. J., after he had listened to the suspect grand jury accepted this as clinching testimony and returned an indictment against Bruno Hauptmann, murder The words “Hey doctor. Over here, doctor” were spoken by the man who got the ransom money from Lind- bergh’s intermediary, Dr. John F. Con. don. They were spoken in the ceme tery where the payment was made, Lindbergh heard them and remembered the voice, Although the case is Invariably re ferred to as the "Lindbergh kidnap. ing.” the grand jury returned so kid. nap indictment. Kidnapers may only be sentenced to life terms. Murderers face the electric chalr. VLEGATES to the American Fed- eration of Labor coavention In San Francisco adopted unanimously and with cheers a resolution proposing adoption of a six-hour day and five-day week for all workers, pri. vate and government, A committee ap pointed to investigate possibilities and merit of shorter work perl. ods reported favors ably, William Green, pres ident of A. F. of L. made an impassioned William Green och In favor of shorter work periods during which he said the federation can be expected to mobilize its economic strength to make a concerted drive on Industry and owners of Industry for adoption of a six-hour day and five-day week and that legisiation by congress would be sought at the forthcoming session so that there will be enforcement of this economic reform, not to make less work for those already employed but to cre- ate work opportunities for more people, Resolutions as adopted provide for no reduction In wages to result from shorter work periods, John Il. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers, won a victory when the convention voted unanimous ly for the organization of workers into single unions embracing whole indus tries, as distinguished from craft un fons limited to particular trades. The executive council was instructed to Is sue charters (or the creation of na- tional and International unions in the automotive, cement, aluminum and oth. er mass production Industries The council also was ordered to in- augurate organization campaigns in the fron and steel Industries The federation also went on record in favor of pensions for the aged, for mothers of dependent children and for sickness and unemployment benefits IGNITARIES of the Roman Catho- lie church from many lands and pilgrims by the hundred thousand gathered In Buenos Alres, Argentina, for the thirty-second International a. caarging Americas, and the city threw open Hous Jor thalr.accominddation, picturesque open air held in Palermo park, and liglous rites were celebrated magnificent eathedral, — Washington, — Whatever may be gleaned from recent developments in . Washington, it can NRA will be stated with cer Continue tainty that President Roosevelt hag now set his mind definitely to continue the National Recovery administration as a governmental unit. It may well be that the organization will be ehanged name will be revised and that there may be revision of methods. But there that Mr. Roosevelt intends to maintain NRA and that he has acted at this time to give notice of his decision in advance of the convening of congress. Observers here have taken note of the unusual emphasis placed upon the President's part in NRA reorganization plans, They think this was done at the behest of the Chief Executive with the thought In mind that It would serve a8 a reassurance to hundreds of thou sands of people throughout the country. I believe there can be no doubt that a good many people, some Influential, some just the minerun, have ques tioned the flying qualities of. the Blue Eagle. Their dissatisfaction and distrust has been shown In many ways and thus It appears logical that Mr. seek to allay their fears, Under the new set-up of NRA. the President has taken active leadership. Of course, he has been the leader here on to Gen, his part allow the former administrator, Hugh 8 Johnson, to guide his own ship. Despite velit to take control because, after all be is President of the United States, NRA By dividing management of the has made It easier for himself to nssert his Influence and his ideas more di- President the former administrator considered although the President had only one man with whom to deal of in Politically minded people In Wash however, what the effect will be on Mr velit. Suggestions have been heard that by taking a direct hand in NRA Mr Roosevelt has put himself “out front” where, some seem to think he may be the target for some of the out which the bo Roose rofien eggs” General nson spoke so frequently The re iring administrator sald frequently did not mind being the target. but many Umes Mr. has taken occasion to fight back at his critics by calling them tories, unawakened Rip Van Winkles, and other such descrip tive terms, he Roosevelt It Is yet too early for a general reac tion to be evident among conservative business men on the President's NIA re organization pro gram. Those who have given wolce to their feelings thus far, however, have Indicated that the right wing group in the country are inding small unction from the new program. Indeed, the undercurrent of information which we get in Washing ton is to the effect that there are more secret meetings and definite moves among business Interests to ward off any left wing swing by the administra tion than there has been at any time gince Mr. Roosevelt took office. The President's recent radio speech to the country was generally under. stood as a conciliatory move on his part and It seems not to take a stretch of the imagination to link that speech and NRA reorganization with these various movements against the over hanging threats of such lberals as Donald Richberg, former Chicago labor lawyer, who is certainly the most influential man in the new NRA set-up. Everywhere 1 go, 1 find that busi. ness interests are accepting the reor. ganization of NRA as notice of its continuation and it may be pos sible that one result of this interpreta. tion of the President's act is the grow. Ing opposition movement mentioned above. Business generally is mindful that the matter of continuing NILA must be decided by congress. They recog nize that the present recovery act ex pires next June and that the Presi dent will lay before congress a com prehensive program early in January after congress returns. Thelr efforts in opposition, therefore, naturally will be directed to the congress In an effort to accomplish some of the changes in the law which they believe advisable to permit free and untrammeled commerce and industry, With regard to the President's de termination to continue NIRA it needs to be pointed out only that if he had wanted to scrap that unit of his recov. ery set-up, the retirement of General Johnson afforded an excellent oppor tunity. It was then that he conid have allowed the organization to disintegrate and could have transferred to various agencies of the government that are permanent in character such functions ns he desired should continne, But he did not do that. Me acted with dis patch, This Is best shown by the chrono of events. It appeurs that the t made up his mind over Opposition Active one week-end. He received General Johnson's resignation on a Monday 4 and announced it on a Tuesday, His return to Washington on Wednesday was followed immediately by confer- ences with Mr, Richberg and a quick announcement of the new program. It Is evident, therefore, that when the President decided something had to be done, he moved at once to get rid of General Johnson and to start the new machinery through orders issued to Mr. Richberg. Formulation of industrial policies henceforth are regarded as likely to be more on the basis of trial and error than heretofore has been the case, . ® + Banking and other financial interests of the country are apparently quite . - disturbed over Financiers trend toward easier bank examinations. Disturbed Mr. Roosevelt lately has told the treasury that the bank examiners were too hardbolled in going over loans held in portfolios of banks and that he was anxious to see a more uniform system developed than the ex- amining methods long in use. The fear seems to be that the bank examiners will relax too far in grant ing approval for loans Heretofore, banks have had to toe the mark and any questionable papers or any loan that gave evidence of not be. liquidated In sccordance with rat ate violin e ouisianding. ing its terms was promptly called to the atten. tion of the bank manarement with in structions to make corrective adjust ments on the books. If, as some finan. cial authorities expect, bank examin ers become too lenient it Is suggested in many quarters that the banks again may find themselves with paper upon which they cannot realize Just as oc curred at the beginning of this depres ul It was bad loans that forced the closing of many banks, Then, too, many observers are find. ing it difficult to recon Pres) dent's attitude with the frequent critl- cisms he has made of banking prac. tices héretofore employed I am minded of the stinging rebukes that bave come from the senate com- mittee on banking currency after its investigation of the banking struc. ture. Time after time that tee, which proceeded with its gation with a blessing from the White House, has attacked banks and bank. ers because bad and worse in demling with the The question has been asked sev. eral t ately whether are ng to make loans that respects a g he President's on. ile the re iso and commit. investi. of loans Judgment borrow. ers {thes banks to be willl amble even later, kis In the Rome urge if, they will be subjected to atta halls of congress. . ow On the convinced bank loans the President is that bank examiners have - been throwing out a Examiners lot of loans that are Too Stringent perfectly good. They have been forcing the banks to charge off this paper as a loss. In other words, Mr. Roosevelt believes that under the old rules of ex- i aminers carried out those rules lit erally. deposit Insurance corporation. This will be repaid in full up to & limit of 5,000 on each account. to be that the existence of this insur ance corporation ought to fend off any particular fear. But bankers know and a good many of the political and administrative leaders recognize that the corporation could not withstand wholesale bank failures, It draws its funds from assessment of member banks and, therefore, when its present reserves are exhausted banks must dig up more. Following this line of rea- soning, one cannot help arriving at the conclusion that a series of bank fall ures, resulting from bad loans, would throw more of a burden upon the good banks than they can carry. Thus it is made to appear that a high per centage of bankers in the country after all are going to continue to exercise their Judgment on the type of loans they make and will not be Influenced materially by administration wishes, Some, of course, will extend credit with abandon, and it is this group of bankers who eventually will wit ness the deposit Insurance corporation paying off thelr depositors, * * =» Consumers must look to a change In their diet as regards some items of food during the coming winter, accord. Ing to a statement from the Depart ment of Agriculture. Through the bu. rean of agricultural economics the de partment sald that it expected some in- creases In prices between now and the end of the year but that the climb In price levels likely would be more grad- ual and not so large as has occurred in the last three months, This fact, it appeared, was traceable to the short age of some kinds ‘of food resulting from the drouth In the centriil states and a superabundance of some other kinds produced In the eastern half and far western sections of the United States, The department suggested that the full effect of the drouth on retall food prices will not be felt until next spring. At that tme, supplies of meats, dairy products and poultry products will have been reduced. : ® Western Newspaper Union, Silage, Hay Cutter Found Labor-Saver Dual-Purpose Machine Is Best Plan to Hold Down Farm Expenses. By BR. 1. Feed, Agricultural Boginesr, Col. lege of Agriculture, University of Illinols, WHU Bervice There never has been a year when it has been more essential that farm- ers make the best nse of evers bit of feed on their farms, and for this rea. sop thousands of producers are tnrn- ing to both upright and trench silos 88 a means of conserving their drouth and chinch-bug damaged corn this fall While most farmers, who are plan- ping to harvest at least a part of their corn in the form of silage, hope to use their own old silage cutters, or to hire cutters from their many may be forced to purchase new ma- chines. To such farmers, is sug- gested that they consider the purchase crop neighbors, i is hay ad well as silage, Ordinary silage cutters will not cut and elevate hay satisfactorily. but most By purchasing a dual D rnos Irpose his th wil machinery investment and unit reduce cost required In operat In fact, one of the has been that many of them could be used for only one operation ess was thereby to a days or a few The Riiage elevate hay | weeks year newer cutters that make as well Returns on a recent to farmers indica hannins chopping and sis i praciice eliminates the the hot, dusty and makes for mo The chopped barn space, (s eas when fed and Is not Use Hot Water Treatment Wheat smut is so wide spread be employ Ohio experimen thr Loose smut is ont wh whest be so for six hou 120 aegrees then tras bath at After this Singing smut, or i er loss than loose bushel of ounces of cop that with order coated placed in a discarded “churned” over several ti This trestment be ms convenient time in without injury to the grain. may advance of seeding Use Corn Stover for Feed When the Supply Is Short Because of the nationwide shortage of roughage, farmers can save plus Yeed such as cornstalks with prof. sur- or not, of good color has approximately the same feeding value as oat straw. ac- cording to Arthur T. Semple, forage and pasture investigator in the United States Department of Agriculture. If properly cured, and particularly if shredded. it can be baled and shipped or stored. : An acre of good corn will produce about a ton of leaves and stalks. Left in the field an acre of stalks will do well to furnish roughage for one cow for one month. But If cut and shocked and fed from a manger the waste is so much less that the same ton of corn stover will keep a cow in rough. age from three to four months. leafy corn stover Handle Ice Carefully Ice on the farm Is used in smal amounts frequently during the s=um- mer. This means that the stack in the lee house is constantly opened to re- move cakes and the top laver of in. sulating material is being worked over constantly. ‘This results In fairly rap- id melting. To reduce such losses to 8 minimum, the cakes should be re moved in regular order, and an entire tier should be used before beginning on the one below, The insulating ma. terial should be disturbed as little as possible and always put back in place after ice has been removed. A good practice, also, is to press down the sawdust thoroughly around the edges at least once a week, Rust-Resisting Wheat Two or three strains of wheat which will resist the disease of rust will be avallable within two years, according to a recent statement of the National
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers