—
By EDWARD
W. PICKARD
WO men of great importance In
the maintenance of peace in Europe
were removed from the scene by the
bullets of the assassin, Petrus Kale
: aio» men, who slew King
Alexander of Jugo-
slavia and Louis Bar
thou, French foreign
minister, In Marseilles,
“Another Sarejevo?”
was the question In
every mind, and, in.
deed, there was some
other great war, Alex-
ander was just begin
‘ning a “good will”
visit In France, which
was closely tied up with Barthou’s plan
for an accord between France and
Italy, and Barthou was soon to Eo to
Rome to further the scheme. Jugo-
slavia is allied to France but is not
at all friendly to Italy, and Alexander
hated Mussolini personally, believing
that the duce gave moral support to
the rebellious Croats. But the king
did not want war and was willing to
help along the proposed accord if It
was not inimical to his country.
If trouble does follow after the as
rassinations it probably will start with
revolution In Jugoslavia. Only by as
suming and exercising dictatorial pow-
ers was Alexander able to keep peace
in the hodgepodge that comprises the
Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats end
Slovenes, otherwise Jugoslayia, and it
is not certain that there is anyone eise
there who can do it. Civil war might
tempt some other nation to intervene
and grab part of the realm, and in that
case a general conflict might be pre
cipitated.
Alexander's eldest son Peter, who
was in school in England, was prompt
ly proclaimed king and. being only
eleven years old, will ranle under a
regency of three men who were named
in the political will of the murdered
monarch. Whether these three ean
hold the kingdom Intact is a question
Only the Serbs are really loyal to the
royal house, though all the people had
admired the strength and bravery of
Alexander, life had been at
tempted four times before.
The death of Alexander was held
especially important Germany by
the statesmen of that country, for they
had to him to curb to a con
siderable extent the alleged ambitions
of Mussolini. He was considered a
close friend of the reich and a poten
tial ally.
France was not only worried by the
possibility of trouble In the Balkans
but also deeply mourned the death of
Barthou, one of her ablest statesmen
and, indeed, one of the ablest in Eu
rope. He had been working assiduous
ly on his pet scheme of a security pact
for eastern Europe: and, aithough Ger
many had scored him for trying to
build a diplomatic and economic ring
about the reich, last June. he personal
ly negotiated an accord between
France and Germany that was believed
to give assyrance of peace,
Petrus Kalemen, the assassin, who
was quickly killed by the French po-
lice, was found to have been traveling
on a forged (Czech passport. Two men
who accompanied him’ on his mission
of death were captured near the Swiss
border and another was being hunted
down in Fontainebleau forest. Where
they came from and what organization
was back of the assassinations had not
been learned at this writing. The po
lice thought they belonged to a secret
Macedonian revolutionary society,
King
Alexander
whose
to
looked
IVIL war in Spain was precipitated
by the radical elements, starting
with a 24-hour general strike which
Was declared by the Socialists and
Communists In an
swer to the formation
of a conservative gov
ernment by Premier
Alejandro Lerroux un
der the domination of
reactionary Catholics
Within a few hours
bloody conflicts broke
out in many regions,
and Catalonia the
northeast corner of
the country, decided Sap
this was the time to Luis Companys
establish itself as an independent re
public. Luls Companys, president of
the state, announced: “Catalonia is
breaking off relations with the rest of
Spain. 1 demand complete discipline
from everyone” He called on Gen.
Domingo Batet, commander of the gar.
rison at Barcelona, to swear allegiance
to the new regime, but that wily sol
dier sparred for time, and before an
hour had passed he received orders
from Madrid to declare a state of siege,
His troops battled with the Catalans,
and soon had Companys and his fellow
leaders cooped up in the presidential
palace. Reinforcements for the gov.
ernment forces arrived swiftly by land,
sea and alr,
Then the artillery opened up, and
after the palace had been thoroughly
shelled, Companys and his colleagues
surrendered and were marched to a
prison ship in Barcelona harbor. The
revolution was over and the new Cata.
lan republic went out of existence, It
Was rumored the collapse was partly
ot
due to a dispute between Companys
and former Premier Manuel Azana, a
co-leader In the revolt. Azana was
found in hiding and arrested.
Surrender of Companys did not end
the fighting In northern Spain, for the
revolutionists in various regions con-
tinued thelr desperate efforts, but the
government considered the revolt real
ly had been suppressed. There was no
telling how many had been killed or
wounded, but certainly the casualty
lists were terribly long.
EN. DOUGLAS MAC ARTHUR,
chief of staff and now In com-
mand of the G. H. Q. combat alr force
and also of the ground forces, is plan-
ning to develop a fighting fleet of super
battle planes. The first step will be
the organization of the G. HQ alr
force of at least 1,000 planes grouped
in five “wings” based on both coasts
and In the Middle West. This wouid
bring the army Corps up to about 2.300
planes, making an aerial fighting fleet
approximately the equal of any in the
world.
G2 GIFFORD PINCHOT of Penn-
sympathy with much of President
Roosevelt's program, but he kas now
definitely broken away
by coming out In fa
vor of the re-election
of Senator David A.
Reed, anti-New Deal
Republican whose de-
feat would be most
welcome to the ad
ministration. immedi
ately after Pinchot
announced his stand
in a speech at Wilkes
Barre, Postmaster
General Farley con. Gov. Pinchot
ferred with Mr. Roosevelt and then, as
chairman of the Democratic National
committee, gave out a stinging attack
on Plochot. In it he referred to Sen
ator Reed as “perhaps the most out-
standing foe of the President's poli
cies,” who, if elected, would “do ev ery-
thing in his power to hamper the Pres
ident’s program and to make & misdeal
out of the New Deal”
It is said that the Pennsylvania Dem.
ocrats are Importuning the President to
take a hand personally, and perhaps
make a speech in the state. in an effort
to win over rock-ribbed Pennsylvania
and retire Senator Reed In a defedr
which could also be construed as a
slap at Pinchot and Andrew W. Mellon,
GG CY ERNMENT crop benefit checks
for more than $352.000.000 have
been pald to farmers participating in
the production adjustment program
according to figures compiled by the
AAA. Some $575,000,000 additional is
scheduled for payment ander pro
RTams now in effect, pearly 0 per
cent of it before the end of this year.
Thus, the farmers stake in the AAA
approximates £1.000,000,000.
Payments already made or to be
made before January are included In
the estimate of the bureau of agricul
tural economics which places 1934 cash
farm income at about £6,000,000 000
compared to $5.000,000000 last year
and $4.333,000,000 in 1882
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT has made
it plain that the Civilian Conserva.
tion corps, one of the least criticized
features of his recovery program, is
to be continued indefinitely. He wrote
to Robert Fechner, director of the
corps, saying:
“lI have been greatly Interested and
encouraged by the fine report from
your visits to COC camps in many
parts of the country.
“This kind of work must go on. 1
believe that the nation feels that the
work of these young men is so thor
oughly justified and, in addition, the
benefits to the men themselves fire so
clear that the actual annual cost will
be met without much opposition or
much compiaint.”
Mr. Fechner had reported to the
President that the cost of the COC dur
Ing its eighteen months of operation
had amounted to $443,000,000,
HERE is an interesting report cir.
culating in Wisconsin, especially in
Madison. It is to the effect that Pres
ident Glenn frank of the University
of Wisconsin is looking toward the
Republican Presidential nomination in
1036 and that this idea explains his re.
fusal to permit Lloyd K. Garrison to
remain in Washington as head of the
national labor relations board
The Madison Capital Times sald it
understood Doctor Frank feels the Re
publican party fs in need of a “lib
eral” candidate, yet not a * i.
liberal, and believes he 13 in a
tion to qualify.
To interviewers Doctor Frank de.
clined to comment on the newspaper
story. He sald his insistence that Gar.
rison return to his duties as dean of
- the law school was solely In the inter.
ests of the university,
HODE Island Republicans are
quite satisfied with Felix Hebert
as senator and have renominated him.
For governor the state convention
named Gen. Luke H. Gallan, a veteran
of the Spanish-American and World
wars,
*
Use of the taxpayers’ money for the
government operation of factories
in competition with private enterprise
was condemned by the board of direc.
tors of the Natlonal Association of
Manufacturers, which acted on petl-
tions received from seventeen
trade associations, The manufactur
ers assert that such government experi-
mentation merely results in depriving
Jobs, creating employment at one point
and unemployment at another,
“Entrance of the government into
the manufacturing business in compe-
tition with its own citizens,” gays the
manufacturers’ statement, “even to
supply relief for the unemployed, con-
stitutes an extravagant use of the tax-
payers' money in further experimenta-
tions,
“Where those In distress cannot be
i
work for which they could be paid,
then public funds may legitimately be
on a subsistence basis. But to furnish
necessities required through govern-
ment operated factories Is the wrong
way to do the right thing.”
(UAFERRING with the full mem-
~ bership of the new national indus-
trinl recovery board headed by 8.
Clay Williams, President Roosevelt let
it be known that be was far from satis
fied with NRA enforcement in the past
and asked the board to devise more
vigorous and effective methods.
Price fixing and production control
were discussed but not at length amd
with the general understanding that,
altholigh price-fixing policies of the
paper, no sweeping action would
action at all would come slowly,
TTORNEY GENERAL CUMMINGS
has called a national conference
to discuss crime which Is to open in
Washington December 8 and continue
three days ‘resident Roosevelt is to
address the first session In Constitution
ball. The conference will be invited
fo give broad and practical considera-
principal aspects:
1. Causes and prevention of crime
2. Investigation, detection, and ap
prehension of crime and criminals
8. Criminal courts and prosecution
4. Detection, parole, probation. and
pardon.
6 HE voice of Hauptmann is the
voice | heard in the cemetery
that pight when the $50.000 ransom
was paid,” sald Col. Charles A. Lind.
bergh to the grand Jury in Trenton. N.
J., after he had listened to the suspect
grand jury accepted this as clinching
testimony and returned an indictment
against Bruno Hauptmann,
murder
The words “Hey doctor. Over here,
doctor” were spoken by the man who
got the ransom money from Lind-
bergh’s intermediary, Dr. John F. Con.
don. They were spoken in the ceme
tery where the payment was made,
Lindbergh heard them and remembered
the voice,
Although the case is Invariably re
ferred to as the "Lindbergh kidnap.
ing.” the grand jury returned so kid.
nap indictment. Kidnapers may only
be sentenced to life terms. Murderers
face the electric chalr.
VLEGATES to the American Fed-
eration of Labor coavention In
San Francisco adopted unanimously
and with cheers a resolution proposing
adoption of a six-hour
day and five-day week
for all workers, pri.
vate and government,
A committee ap
pointed to investigate
possibilities and merit
of shorter work perl.
ods reported favors
ably,
William Green, pres
ident of A. F. of L.
made an impassioned
William Green och In favor of
shorter work periods during which he
said the federation can be expected to
mobilize its economic strength to make
a concerted drive on Industry and
owners of Industry for adoption of a
six-hour day and five-day week and
that legisiation by congress would be
sought at the forthcoming session so
that there will be enforcement of this
economic reform, not to make less work
for those already employed but to cre-
ate work opportunities for more people,
Resolutions as adopted provide for
no reduction In wages to result from
shorter work periods,
John Il. Lewis, president of the
United Mine Workers, won a victory
when the convention voted unanimous
ly for the organization of workers into
single unions embracing whole indus
tries, as distinguished from craft un
fons limited to particular trades. The
executive council was instructed to Is
sue charters (or the creation of na-
tional and International unions in the
automotive, cement, aluminum and oth.
er mass production Industries
The council also was ordered to in-
augurate organization campaigns in
the fron and steel Industries
The federation also went on record
in favor of pensions for the aged, for
mothers of dependent children and for
sickness and unemployment benefits
IGNITARIES of the Roman Catho-
lie church from many lands and
pilgrims by the hundred thousand
gathered In Buenos Alres, Argentina,
for the thirty-second International
a.
caarging
Americas, and the city threw open
Hous Jor thalr.accominddation,
picturesque open air
held in Palermo park, and
liglous rites were celebrated
magnificent eathedral,
—
Washington, — Whatever may be
gleaned from recent developments in
. Washington, it can
NRA will be stated with cer
Continue tainty that President
Roosevelt hag now
set his mind definitely to continue the
National Recovery administration as a
governmental unit. It may well be
that the organization will be ehanged
name will be revised and that there
may be revision of methods. But there
that Mr. Roosevelt intends to maintain
NRA and that he has acted at this
time to give notice of his decision in
advance of the convening of congress.
Observers here have taken note of
the unusual emphasis placed upon the
President's part in NRA reorganization
plans, They think this was done at
the behest of the Chief Executive with
the thought In mind that It would serve
a8 a reassurance to hundreds of thou
sands of people throughout the country.
I believe there can be no doubt that a
good many people, some Influential,
some just the minerun, have ques
tioned the flying qualities of. the
Blue Eagle. Their dissatisfaction and
distrust has been shown In many ways
and thus It appears logical that Mr.
seek to allay their
fears,
Under the new set-up of NRA. the
President has taken active leadership.
Of course, he has been the leader here
on
to
Gen,
his part allow the
former administrator, Hugh 8
Johnson, to guide his own ship. Despite
velit to take control because, after all
be is President of the United States,
NRA
By dividing management of
the
has made It easier for himself to nssert
his Influence and his ideas more di-
President
the former administrator
considered although the President
had only one man with whom to deal
of
in
Politically minded people In Wash
however,
what the effect will be on Mr
velit. Suggestions have been heard that
by taking a direct hand in NRA Mr
Roosevelt has put himself “out front”
where, some seem to think he may be
the target for some of the
out which the bo
Roose
rofien eggs”
General
nson spoke so frequently The re
iring administrator sald frequently
did not mind being the target. but
many Umes Mr. has taken
occasion to fight back at his critics by
calling them tories, unawakened Rip
Van Winkles, and other such descrip
tive terms,
he
Roosevelt
It Is yet too early for a general reac
tion to be evident among conservative
business men on the
President's NIA re
organization pro
gram. Those who
have given wolce to their feelings thus
far, however, have Indicated that the
right wing group in the country are
inding small unction from the new
program. Indeed, the undercurrent of
information which we get in Washing
ton is to the effect that there are more
secret meetings and definite moves
among business Interests to ward off
any left wing swing by the administra
tion than there has been at any time
gince Mr. Roosevelt took office.
The President's recent radio speech
to the country was generally under.
stood as a conciliatory move on his
part and It seems not to take a stretch
of the imagination to link that speech
and NRA reorganization with these
various movements against the over
hanging threats of such lberals as
Donald Richberg, former Chicago
labor lawyer, who is certainly the most
influential man in the new NRA set-up.
Everywhere 1 go, 1 find that busi.
ness interests are accepting the reor.
ganization of NRA as notice of
its continuation and it may be pos
sible that one result of this interpreta.
tion of the President's act is the grow.
Ing opposition movement mentioned
above. Business generally is mindful
that the matter of continuing NILA must
be decided by congress. They recog
nize that the present recovery act ex
pires next June and that the Presi
dent will lay before congress a com
prehensive program early in January
after congress returns. Thelr efforts
in opposition, therefore, naturally will
be directed to the congress In an effort
to accomplish some of the changes in
the law which they believe advisable to
permit free and untrammeled commerce
and industry,
With regard to the President's de
termination to continue NIRA it needs
to be pointed out only that if he had
wanted to scrap that unit of his recov.
ery set-up, the retirement of General
Johnson afforded an excellent oppor
tunity. It was then that he conid have
allowed the organization to disintegrate
and could have transferred to various
agencies of the government that are
permanent in character such functions
ns he desired should continne, But he
did not do that. Me acted with dis
patch, This Is best shown by the
chrono of events. It appeurs that
the t made up his mind over
Opposition
Active
one week-end. He received General
Johnson's resignation on a Monday
4
and announced it on a Tuesday, His
return to Washington on Wednesday
was followed immediately by confer-
ences with Mr, Richberg and a quick
announcement of the new program. It
Is evident, therefore, that when the
President decided something had to be
done, he moved at once to get rid of
General Johnson and to start the new
machinery through orders issued to
Mr. Richberg.
Formulation of industrial policies
henceforth are regarded as likely to
be more on the basis of trial and error
than heretofore has been the case,
. ® +
Banking and other financial interests
of the country are apparently quite
. - disturbed over
Financiers trend toward easier
bank examinations.
Disturbed
Mr. Roosevelt lately
has told the treasury that the bank
examiners were too hardbolled in going
over loans held in portfolios of banks
and that he was anxious to see a more
uniform system developed than the ex-
amining methods long in use.
The fear seems to be that the bank
examiners will relax too far in grant
ing approval for loans
Heretofore, banks have had to toe the
mark and any questionable papers or
any loan that gave evidence of not be.
liquidated In sccordance with
rat ate violin e
ouisianding.
ing its
terms was promptly called to the atten.
tion of the bank manarement with in
structions to make corrective adjust
ments on the books. If, as some finan.
cial authorities expect, bank examin
ers become too lenient it Is suggested
in many quarters that the banks again
may find themselves with paper upon
which they cannot realize Just as oc
curred at the beginning of this depres
ul It was bad loans that forced the
closing of many banks,
Then, too, many observers are find.
ing it difficult to recon Pres)
dent's attitude with the frequent critl-
cisms he has made of banking prac.
tices héretofore employed I am
minded of the stinging rebukes
that bave come from the senate com-
mittee on banking currency after
its investigation of the banking struc.
ture. Time after time that
tee, which proceeded with its
gation with a blessing from the White
House, has attacked banks and bank.
ers because bad and worse
in demling with the
The question has been asked sev.
eral t ately whether are
ng to make loans that
respects a g
he President's
on.
ile the
re
iso
and
commit.
investi.
of loans
Judgment borrow.
ers
{thes banks
to be willl
amble even
later,
kis In the
Rome
urge if,
they will be subjected to atta
halls of congress.
. ow
On the
convinced
bank loans the President is
that bank examiners have
- been throwing out a
Examiners lot of loans that are
Too Stringent perfectly good. They
have been forcing
the banks to charge off this paper as
a loss. In other words, Mr. Roosevelt
believes that under the old rules of ex-
i
aminers carried out those rules lit
erally.
deposit Insurance corporation. This
will be repaid in full up to & limit of
5,000 on each account.
to be that the existence of this insur
ance corporation ought to fend off any
particular fear. But bankers know
and a good many of the political and
administrative leaders recognize that
the corporation could not withstand
wholesale bank failures, It draws its
funds from assessment of member
banks and, therefore, when its present
reserves are exhausted banks must dig
up more. Following this line of rea-
soning, one cannot help arriving at the
conclusion that a series of bank fall
ures, resulting from bad loans, would
throw more of a burden upon the
good banks than they can carry. Thus
it is made to appear that a high per
centage of bankers in the country after
all are going to continue to exercise
their Judgment on the type of loans
they make and will not be Influenced
materially by administration wishes,
Some, of course, will extend credit
with abandon, and it is this group
of bankers who eventually will wit
ness the deposit Insurance corporation
paying off thelr depositors,
* * =»
Consumers must look to a change In
their diet as regards some items of
food during the coming winter, accord.
Ing to a statement from the Depart
ment of Agriculture. Through the bu.
rean of agricultural economics the de
partment sald that it expected some in-
creases In prices between now and the
end of the year but that the climb In
price levels likely would be more grad-
ual and not so large as has occurred
in the last three months, This fact, it
appeared, was traceable to the short
age of some kinds ‘of food resulting
from the drouth In the centriil states
and a superabundance of some other
kinds produced In the eastern half and
far western sections of the United
States,
The department suggested that the
full effect of the drouth on retall food
prices will not be felt until next
spring. At that tme, supplies of
meats, dairy products and poultry
products will have been reduced.
: ® Western Newspaper Union,
Silage, Hay Cutter
Found Labor-Saver
Dual-Purpose Machine Is
Best Plan to Hold Down
Farm Expenses.
By BR. 1. Feed, Agricultural Boginesr, Col.
lege of Agriculture, University of Illinols,
WHU Bervice
There never has been a year when
it has been more essential that farm-
ers make the best nse of evers bit of
feed on their farms, and for this rea.
sop thousands of producers are tnrn-
ing to both upright and trench silos
88 a means of conserving their drouth
and chinch-bug damaged corn
this fall
While most farmers, who are plan-
ping to harvest at least a part of their
corn in the form of silage, hope to use
their own old silage cutters, or to hire
cutters from their many
may be forced to purchase new ma-
chines. To such farmers, is sug-
gested that they consider the purchase
crop
neighbors,
i
is
hay ad well as silage,
Ordinary silage cutters will not cut
and elevate hay satisfactorily. but most
By purchasing a dual D
rnos
Irpose
his
th
wil
machinery investment and
unit
reduce
cost required In operat
In
fact, one of the
has been that many of them
could be used for only one operation
ess was thereby
to a days or a few
The
Riiage
elevate hay |
weeks
year newer cutters that
make
as well
Returns on
a recent
to farmers indica
hannins
chopping
and sis
i praciice eliminates the
the hot, dusty
and makes for mo
The chopped
barn space, (s eas
when fed and Is not
Use Hot Water Treatment
Wheat smut is so wide spread
be employ
Ohio experimen
thr
Loose smut is
ont wh
whest be so
for six hou
120 aegrees
then tras
bath at
After this
Singing smut, or i
er loss than loose
bushel of
ounces of cop
that
with
order
coated
placed in a discarded
“churned” over several ti
This trestment be ms
convenient time in
without injury to the grain.
may
advance of seeding
Use Corn Stover for Feed
When the Supply Is Short
Because of the nationwide shortage
of roughage, farmers can save
plus Yeed such as cornstalks with prof.
sur-
or not,
of good color has approximately the
same feeding value as oat straw. ac-
cording to Arthur T. Semple, forage
and pasture investigator in the United
States Department of Agriculture. If
properly cured, and particularly if
shredded. it can be baled and shipped
or stored. :
An acre of good corn will produce
about a ton of leaves and stalks. Left
in the field an acre of stalks will do
well to furnish roughage for one cow
for one month. But If cut and shocked
and fed from a manger the waste is
so much less that the same ton of
corn stover will keep a cow in rough.
age from three to four months.
leafy corn stover
Handle Ice Carefully
Ice on the farm Is used in smal
amounts frequently during the s=um-
mer. This means that the stack in the
lee house is constantly opened to re-
move cakes and the top laver of in.
sulating material is being worked over
constantly. ‘This results In fairly rap-
id melting. To reduce such losses to
8 minimum, the cakes should be re
moved in regular order, and an entire
tier should be used before beginning
on the one below, The insulating ma.
terial should be disturbed as little as
possible and always put back in place
after ice has been removed. A good
practice, also, is to press down the
sawdust thoroughly around the edges
at least once a week,
Rust-Resisting Wheat
Two or three strains of wheat which
will resist the disease of rust will be
avallable within two years, according
to a recent statement of the National