tl - ~~ oo - a rT, - - rd Chief Crazy Horse By ELMO SCOTT WATSON observed annually on the fourth Fri- day In September, Is celebrated this year, it will find a recently dedi- cated memorial to one of the out. standing Individuals of the red race. Out at Fort Robinson, Neb. there has been erected a monument, cut from the granite of the Black Hills of South Dakota, on which are en- graved the symbols of a pipe of peace and a broken bow, arrow and tomahawk. On it also Is a bronze tablet which tells the passer-by that near this spot on September 5, 1877, Crazy Horse of the Oglala Sioux was killed—dying as he had lived, a fighting man. Chief Crazy Horse (Tashunka Witko) was only thirty-three years old when his warrior career ended, but he had already written his name high in the annals of the Old West. Al- though he was the principal leader In the two greatest victories ever won by his people over the white men, it was the irony of fate that in each case credit for the achievement should be given to another Sloux chief whose name and fame happened to be more familiar to the white men than was Crazy Horse's. One of them was Red Cloud, whom most historians record as be- ing the leader In the so-called “Fetterman Mas- sacre” near Fort Phil Kearney, Wyo. in 1868, despite the testimony of Indian survivors that be was neither In command that day nor did he have any hand In planning or carrying out the ambush of Fetterman's ill-fated command. The other was Sitting Bull, who is popularly (and erroneously) believed to have been mainly re- sponsible for the maneuvers of the Indians which resulted in the disaster to Custer's command on the Little Big Horn in Montana ten years later, Crazy Horse was born in 1844, the son of an Oglala Sioux chigf of the same name. His mother died when he was two years old, but his step- mother, who was also his aunt, raised him as her own. Trained by her and his father in the rigorous physical regime required of young boys of the Sioux, he early learned the lessons of cour- age, self-denial, generosity, modesty, truthfulness and fair dealing which so strongly characterized his later life. A fine horseman and a skillful hunter, he joined his first war party when he was only sixteen years old and by the time of the first serious war between the Sioux and the whites (1866) Crazy Horse's tribesmen looked to him as a principal war leader, and even the Cheyenne chiefs, allies of the Sioux, practically acknowledged his leadership, Although Crazy Horse had distinguished him- Self in the Fetterman battle and at the famous Wagon Box Fight a year later, he rose to his greatest heights as a general in 1876 and 1877. On June 17, 1876, he attacked the army of Gen. George Crook on the Rosebud river in Montana and fought that experienced Indian-fighter to & standstill, thus breaking up the army's plan of campaign and making certain the annihilation of Custer’s command a week later, The only army officer who defeated him fairly and square ly was Gen. Nelson A. Miles (“Bear Coat") who did that at Battle butte in the Wolf mountains in Montana on January 8, 1877, an engagement which led directly to Crazy Horse's surrender a few months later, realize that the white man was too powerful , for them. Through the Influence of Chief Spotted Tall of the Brule Sioux, an uncle of Crazy Horse, the Oglala chieftain was persuaded to come In to Fort Robinson, Neb, and surrender, which he did on May 6, 1877. - At the time of Crazy Horse's surrender, his wife was suffering from tuberculosis, and the medical care given her by Dr. V. T. McGilly- cuddy, a surgeon with the Third eavalry, not only won for him friendship of the Oglala chief but also the nalpe of Wasicu Wakan, the “White Miracie Man" and Tasunka Witko Kola, “the Friend of Crazy Horse.” The events lead. ing up to Crazy Horse's death are told In this first-hand account by Doctor MeGillycuddy, who is still living In California: “In Beptember, 1877, G 1 Crook held an important council at Fort Robinson with Crazy Hnrse. I was in the Indian camp that day and the council was a heated one, It finally broke up with no results except to crehte the belief in Crook’s mind that Orazy Horse was meditat- ing desertion and an attempt to rejoin Sitting Bull, who was still In Canada where he had Limpy, Yellow (gals y ¢ white Bull at the Battle at Rose Bud NOTES ON THE PICTURES Picture of Crazy Horse, said to be the only photograph ever taken of the famous chief, from the collections of E. A. Brininstool; Pie. ture of Limpy, Yellow Dog and Weasel Bear, three Cheyenne Indian survivors of the Battle of the Rosebud, courtesy of T. J. Gatehell of Buffalo, Wyo.; Portrait of White Bull and “White Bull at the Battle of the Rosebud” from Stanley Vestal's “Warpath,” courtesy of the Houghton Mifflin company. ¢ b found refuge under the British flag after the Custer battle In 1876. “This Impression regarding the desertion of Crazy Horse was the result of a purposeful mis. Interpretation by the government interpreter who Was an enemy and feared Crazy Horse. Of this I was informed by Louls Bordeaux, a reliable man who checked the interpreting. The feeling was added to by Red Cloud's jealousy of Crazy Horse's increasing power and importance, “Three days later a courler arrived from Gen- eral Crook who had gone to Fort Laramie, Wyo., with orders to General Bradley, commandant at Fort Robinson, to arrest Crazy Horse. The next morning a force of three troops of cavalry and a field plece and myself as medical officer left the post an hour before daylight for a march of five miles to the camp to make the arrest We arrived at daylight and found but a de serted camp ground. Crazy Horse and his peo- ple, lodges and everything had seattered and gone, That evening a courier arrived from Major Burke, commanding at the Spotted Tall agency 40 miles east, saying that Crazy Horse had ar rived alone and was in Spotted Tall's camp, “An order was sent to Major Burke to arrest Crazy Horse and return him to Fort Robinson. Burke {informed Chief Spotted Tall of his orders, Spotted Tail's reply was: ‘Crazy Horse is a chief. He Is my guest. He cannot be arrested, but If the soldier chief will set the time we will council with him.’ “At 9:00 a. m. next day Spotted Tall and Crazy Horse appeared at Burke's office. Crazy Horse was not informed that he was a prisoner but that General Bradley at Fort Robinson wanted him there for a council. His reply was: ‘It is well. I will go.’ Entering the waking ambu. lance, and surrounded by Indian scouts and a cavalry escort, he started for Fort Robinson, “At 5:00 p. m. they arrived at the adjutant's office. In the meantime Bradley had lssued or ders to Captain Kennington, officer of the day, that immediately upon his arrival Crazy Horse was to be confined In the guard house. Antiel- pating the arrival, I was standing In front of the adjutant’s office and shook hands with Crazy Horse on his arsival He entered and sald he was there for council. But Instead of meeting Bradley, he was taken charge of by Kennington and was led to the guard house which they en tered quietly. “When Crazy Horse observed the steel bars between the guard room and the cells he gave ap outcry: ‘This is a prison!’ and, seizing a knife In each hand from his belt, fought his way to the parade ground where | was standing. Kennington was hanging on one wrist and Little Big Man, an Indian scout, on the other. Then, the chief suddenly fell to the ground, writhing and groaning. I worked my guard and examined him, the mouth, pulse weak and In trickling from the upper B a Sm TO -——-— —— . - i! White Bull with his bayonet and his case was hopeless, “I then worked my way to American Horse, the friendly chief, who was sitting on his horse house and I would care for him. His answer Carry orders, advised Kennington to hold the ground while [ ters to explain matters, lows: "Please and put the Indian in the guard house.’ “I returned to Kennington and we proceeded and In the sign language sald that they did not want to see me hurt and for me to desist. The other trip to the general to explain matters and I remarked to him: ‘General, I know the temper and feelings of these Indians. You may be able to imprison Crazy Horse, but It will mean the where I can care for him, for he will die before morning.’ returned to the scene. On being Informed of what I had done, American Horse dismounted and spread his blanket on the ground. The In. dians placed the chief on it and carried him into dermics of morphia, ete, I eased his sufferings. p. m. and there were present then Kennington, officer of the day: Lemley, officer of the guard: old man Crazy Horse; and Chief Touch the Cloud (Mahpia Yutan), six foot four In height. When Crazy Horse died this chief drew the blan. ket over the face of the dead man and standing up, pointed to the body and said: *There lies his lodge,’ then pointing ap, “The chief has gone above.’ \ “lI then returned to my quarters across the parade ground, accompanied by Touch the Cloud, who slept on his blanket outside my door through the night, as there was still danger of trouble. After I retired, ward of the death of the chief got out and all we could hear were the walls and death songs from all quarters, as we were surrounded for miles by the Indian camps. The whole garrison of 1,600 men was kept on guard for the night, but matters finally adjusted them- selves, “Next day the body was removed to the Spotted Tall agency and placed on the usual platform. Later In the fall when we moved the Indians 360 miles to the Missouri river, It accom. panied us. In the fall of 1878 when the Indians were moved back to the present Pine Ridge agency, the body was brought back and con- cealed there” To this day the last resting place of the ch remains a secret among the Sloux and, since ft has never been marked, it is altogether fitting that there should be some memorial to him, such as the monument recently dedicated at Fort Robinson, In the land he loved and for which he fought so valiantly. For, as Bourke, writing the chief's first sepuicher at the Spotted Tall agency--a simple one of plain pine slabs—hay sald: “Just as the grave of Custer marked high-water mark of Sioux supremacy in trans-Missour! region, so does the grave of Crazy Horse mark the ebb from which © © by Western Newspaper Union, SCORE ONE FOR HUBBY Young Wife (looking In the win- dow of a jeweler's)—George I'd love that bracelet, The Husband--I can't buy it for you, dear, “But If you could, wouldn't you?” “I'm afraid not” “Why? “It isn't good enough, dear” “Oh, you darling.” afford to you would, Overstudy remarked tor Sorghum, “and, like a student, 1 include a gressional Star. sports page in tecord.” Immune to "Em Now “Your daughter is - isn't she? “Yes” very remarked the visitor. wire, no matter what the Dining to Discord “Society,” sald Miss “Where seated’ “Yes they say ‘Gentlemen, Only And they say, ‘Ladies, then the ‘music starts !™ ~Why would rather wns Bright Bos it he -8o0 he could go out side didn't like the sermon. der Magazine, THE BRUTE Mrs. Smith-—-My club has us to take part in the "60s that they're giving, Mr. Smith—What do Charity Begins at Home Newsboy—S8ir, my beautiful sister is dying of starvation. the rest of my papers? out to dinner, Just a Vacuum Frosh (knocking at senior’s door) your first class, but 1 dWin't wake up myself. 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