TTR ail ATT 1) ow FS : i i ve oye AD... © rT dni } wh +/ ; Good Plant Cover Prevents Erosion Field With Growing Crop Does Not “Wash” as Seri- ously as Others. (Prepared by the United Ptates Department of Agriculture.) It is well known that a good plant cover checks erosion of the soll, that n pasture, meadow, or a field well cov- ered with a growing crop does not “wash” as seriously as one planted, for example, to. corn or cotton, In which the crop does not fully the ground. On the western ranges preservation of a good cover of herb. nceous and shrubby plants on rough ground used for grazing is particular- ly necessary. The forest of the United States Department of Agri. culture has given particular attention to the effects of plant growth In checking erosion, and the present policy of issuing grazing permits is de insure the through cover service signed to f guch n preservation o cover prevention of overgrazing. Value of Grasses, Clarence 1.. Fogsling of the forest service, savs, “TI he value of grasses for not be the other low growing fing watersheds may } because and pre fe easily recognized what plants wOme ohisc ure n cheek The ! part of plant maintaius ter to stems and leay penetrate 7 By ELMO SCOTT WATSON OMING as it did near the Eightieth anniversary of the discovery of gold in Cal iforania, the announce- ment of a project, spon- sored by a Californian, Charles KE. avi of Sacramento, to take an of Sx) srs from ndependence, Mo, along of a overiand trail means of aid places and av these pl JOON, tion agai called that won pire.” 1a h historic Trail, once known cause of the historian, but in a familiar word to through Emerson Hough's “The ered Wagon” and the movie that made from that book. This latest project Is only one of several of a similar nature which have been undertaken in recent years. Six years ago the Old Oregon Trall association was organized at Baker, n a route which has well been “road an em Oregon to thousands be by Parkman, the modern book times made millions novel Cov- was designated by the states through which it passes and also designated by the congress of the United States as & national highway and, by so do- ing, do honor to the memory of the brave ploneer men and women who faced the perils of a savage land to carve out new homes for themselves in the ‘Oregon Country,’ and to make ft American territory; to permanent. ly mark the road with the design of the Ox Team and Covered Wagon so tlmt its history may he preserved and be a constant reminder to the younger generation of the hardships endured by those who blazed the way and laid the foundation of our pres- ent day civilization,” In 1923 a pageant was staged at Meacham, Ore, and President Hard ing formally dedicated the Old Ore- gon Trail by unveiling a monument at Emigrant Springs, one of thr most famous camping spots on the trail, Since that time the association, and an allied organization, the Oregon Trail Memorial association with head- quarters in New York, has beer en- gaged in an effort te get official rec. ognition from congress of their pro- ject for marking the trail and per- petdating it as a broad motor high- way. The president of the memorial association 18 Ezra Neeker, the nine. ty-seven-year<ld pioneer who first went over the trail in 1852. He has gone over it five times in the last twenty years, His first two trips in that time, In 1907 and 1911, Were made by ox team, as was his Journey in 1852 when it took five months to cover the distance at an average speed of vo miles an hour. In 1015 and A Sale Bill of 1849 When the California gold fever spread ovr the country many persons gold their property and hurried West to get rich, Here is a sale bill of those days: SALE Having sold my farm and 1 am leav. tng for Oregon Territory by ox team, will offer, March 1, 1849, all of my per. sonal property, to-wit: All ox teams except two teams, Buck and Ben and Tom and Jerry, 2 milk cows: 1 gray mare and colt; 1 pair of oxen and yoke; 1 baby yoke; 2 ox carts; 3 iron foot of poplar wealber we * 0000000889000 0 0806000000, i » The $e * Oregon Trail wagons, rolling threat may check thelr ¢, no river deep and wide; 3 the Fiatte, they Snake they cross Divide as once from vales through Asia's door shield plain before march where leap telope and storm the Westward as their marched ten thousand ago, ford the India’s mountain and spear thelr on Europe's fathers marched the an- buffalo fathers years Two hundred wagons, Oregon Creeping down the low the mountain crest Burging through the brawling stream, funging, plunging, forging on, Two hundred wagons, rolling toward the West. rolling out to dark defile bee Now toils the dusty swinging wagon poles Where Walla Walla pours along. where broad Columbia rolls long haired trappers face grows dark and scowls the painted brave; Where now the beaver dam the wheat and wave The British caravan with RR RK The builds his rye shall trader shakes his head and weighs his nation's loss, where those hardy settlers come the Stars and Stripes will toss block the wheels, unyoke the steers: the i= his who daren: The cabins rise, and For Then prize the fields are sown. Oregon is theirs! Resse ssn see They will take, they will hold, By the spade in the meld, By the seed In the soil, By the sweat and the toll, Pv tha plow In the loam By the School and the Home! » LCR ER ICCC RR EEK we - Two hundred wagons, Oregon, hundred and far hundred wagons, grumbling, relling bBundred wagons, Star! «Arthur Oulterman in Ploneer.” (BE. P Dutton and Company.) rolling out to Two wagons, rapging free . Two rumbling, on, following » . Two LEE EX 3 ee » “YI Sing the ol XE AEE EEE NESE . 1026 hé retraced his path dn an auto- mobile and in 1024 he went over the trall in an airplane, continuing his flight to Washington where he was regeived by President Coolidge, aft ef having spanned the continent In seventy-two hours, The Oregon Trail In reality had two boards: plow with wood mole board; 800 to 1.000 three-foot clap boards; 1,- 500 ten foot fence rails; 1 sixty gallon soap kettle; 85 sugar troughs, made of white ash timber; 10 gallons of maple syrup; 2 spinning wheels; 30 pounds of mutton tallow; 1 large loom, made by Jerry Wilson; 200 poles: 100 split hoops 100 empty barrels; 1 thirty-two gallon barrel of Johnson Miller whisky, séven years old; 20 gallons of apple brandy: 1 forty gallon copper still, of oak tanned leather; 1 dozen real bopks; 2 handle hooks; 8 scythes and eradles; 1 dozen wooden pitchforks, one-half interest. in tanyard; 1 thirty-two cal. bre rifle, buNet mold and powder horn, rifle made by Ben Miller; 50 gallons of PREECE ELE T TERE NNRENNe ssa t erste sss t rss ret I REISS see eastern termini, alth known ort The other (formerly gon” continue he North Platte to Fort Laramie Wyoming, through the on past press nt city Independence whicl called the “Register of the Trail,” because so many of the emigrants carved their names or in itials great landmark, From there it angled south and west until it crossed the Continental divide at [Routh Pass, where the town of Pa- cific is now located. From here led two routes, one making a bend to the south, past the present city of Kemmerer, the other going more near Casper and i Rock, wis on this Entering Idaho the trall passed through the present towns of Mont old Fort Hall stood at the junction of the Port Neuf and the Snake rivers. Following the south bank of the Snake, it went through what are towns of American Falls, town it crossed there it passed near the present of Glenn's Ferry, where Snake From Nampa, Caldwell and Parma, near where it crossed the Snake a second time. From there It entered the pres. through Houtington at the mouth of the Burnt River canyon, the canyon into the Powder val From here it werit through the Grande Ronde valley, over the Blue moun on past the present .site of Pehdleton to the Umatill From there it fol lowed along the south bank of the Colutnbia, although, at the Dalles the emigrants usually took to boats and rafts or to the Barlow road on through to Oregon City and Portland, From there they spread out over the Wil liamette valley, the Clatsop plains and ington, “And Oregon was theirs!” soft soap: hams, bacon and lard! 40 gallons of sorghum molasses; 6 head of fox hounds, all soft mouthed ex- cept one, At the same time 1 will sell my six negro slaves—2 men, 356 and 50 years old; 2 boys, 12 and 18 years old; 2 mulatto wenches, 40 and 30 years old. Will sell all together to same party, as will not separate them, Terms of sale, cash In hand, or nots to draw 4 per cent Interest with Bob MoeConnel as surety, My home is 2 miles south of Ver wailles, Kentucky, on the MecCouns ferry pike, Sale begins at 2 o'cloak A. M. Plenty to drink and eat, J. La MOSS, Maintain Grazing Capacity. verage conditions, where heen «6 Weed Worse Than Quack Combated by Plowing spurge 1s ¢ invadi t * i ans warned the farmer that kille 1 i ones would Doctor if the patch wag not the whole farm and be worthless, 2 Souk ect ag oining soon Up-to-Date Information on Planting Soy Beans Bulletin 310 of the Illinois at Urbana contains the best up-to-date Information on soy beane It tells all about planting soy beans, the vari etles to use, and how to harvest. A map of Illinois is printed in the bul- letin Indicating that beans are most extensively grown in eastern and southern Illinois. For the state as a whole the acreage Is only 700. Xr. In-other words soy grown as extensively In whent is grown In Towa, the fact that soy beans are-so pop ular In Illinois the Illinois bulletin should be especially worth while, station 8O¥ aver beans [illinois as lecanse of are RR RR REE REE EE EE Farm Notes X BEER ERS As sss ss Nase se] Half the sugar Is lost from during the first 24 hours after ears are pulled, . "0 » -. " com the The food valne of eggs hag no re- lation to the eolor of the shells Browns or whites are the sane inside. » Ad * Loafing hens In the farm flock ent up the profits the busy biddies make. Good poultrymen soon send them to the butcher, . "0 * It costs a great deal less to pro duce 100 pounds of milk from heavy yielding cows than from cows pro- ducing smaller amounts, * +» Ants may be exterminated in lawn or garden by driving a rod down into the nest and pouring boiling water, in which potatoes have been boiled, down into the hole. Lye water also is effective, CE The Jersey Black Giant probably 1s the largest of the American breeds. The standard weights are 13 pounds 11 pounds for cockerel and 8 pounds for the pullet, eo» Chiggers, ure sometimes serious pestis on little clilcks, They cannot, however, tolerate flowers of sulphur, Sprinkling it in the down or feathers and an application in the grass where the chicks run will soon check them. always this never this EVEN if you've had a dozen fail. ures—or if you never made jelly before — you can make jellies successfully with Pexel. Just add it to fruit juice and bring to full boil. Then add sugar. Bring to vigorous boil once more. Take kettle from range. Skim. Pour into glasses. That's all—it will be jelled as soon as it is cool. When you use Pexel, its price ~—30c—is repaid from one to three times. Time and fuel are saved. You make more jelly be- cause fruit juice, sugar and flavor are not wasted by prolonged boiling. Pexel is a 1009, pure-fruit prod- uct. It is absolutely colorless, Average Californian average Californian Californian at Missouri according to figures of IL. E. Ross, chief of the state's bureau of vital statistics, Only one-third of the pres ent population of the state is native, Illinois leads all other states in popu- lating the Golden State, having con- tributed 137.000 residents. Missouri ms contributed 104000 inhabitants; New York, 102.000: Ohio, 88880; Iowa, fA.500, and Kansas, 62.850, The isn't a from probably but or New hails York. all, i1inaia Hlinoisg, The women of Lapland are among the in the world, averaging only four feet nine Inches in height gmallest tasteless, odorless. It is a powder, not a liquid. Keeps indefinitely. Just as effective in any season with bottled juices or unsweetened canned fruits. Get Pexel at your grocer's. Only 30c. Recipe booklet with casy-to-follow directions in every package. The Pexel Company Chicago, IIL W” Here are a few examples of low much jelly Pexel makes: cups sugar make 11 glasses of jelly. 4": cups raspberry juice, Pexel, 8 cups sugar make 11 glasses of jelly. 6 cups currant juice, Pexel, 10 cups sugar make 14 glasses of jelly. 4"; cups grape juice, Pexel, 7 cups sugar make 10 glasses of jelly. Why is It that neighborly go often one of envy and is all you need ne Scap for Keep your complexion free of blemishes, youriakin clear, soft, smooth and white, your TOILET bir silky ® vour SHAMPOO i —Glenn’s Sulphur Soap Contain 3339 Pure Sulphur. At druggies, Rohland's Styptic Cotton, 25¢ ~ 4, | W. H. FORST, Mfg.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers