x Nw — aN nN, ————————————————— FEEDING YOUNG COLTS. It is best to get the colt eating grain a3 early as possible, as it will enable the owner to wean it more easily and prevent the loss of flesh and condition that frequently follows that operation. For this reason it is best tO let the colt get a chance to nibble oats from the mare's feed box, and also pick at hay. In a short time the colt will be eating oats regularly, and will require less milk from Its dam. When it is time to turn the mares and fosls out to pasture, tie colts should still be supped with grain, 80 as to keep them growing. To do this John Splan, and he ia quite good au- thority on any subjact conne ted with the raising. breaking or training of colts, suggests the following plan: “After the colts are all out to grass and are in good condition, it is well to separate the oldest from the young- er ones and commence feeding them grain. Build a pen in some suitable place most convenient, high enough 80 that the mare will not attempt to jump it. and have the space from the bottom rail or board to sufficient to allow the foal to pass un- der. Put in a handy gate or bars, aad then an ample feed trough. Lead your mares and foals singly into this faclosure and let them eat together two or three times. and they will soon learn where the food is. mares, shut up the gate and leave the foals in. Keep a supply of oats there and the foals will run in and out, regularly getting their rations. To induce the dams to tarry around this vicinity, place a large lump of rock salt near by, and occasionally a mess of oats will accomplish this end. In this way at weaning time, which is at the age of five months, the colts have learned to eat, and the result is that when they are taken away from their dams they do not miss them so much “The foal should be led more or less while weaning, and after wean- ing a halter should be put on and kept on. Give the oats mixed with bran and sorghum cut up fine, and in a few days more turn them out into the fleldz. away from thelr dams and where there is plenty of grass and water, and a large trough with feed ifn it constantly. Thia Is important because they have been in the habit of taking milk many times a day, and they need feed just as often. A mixed feed of cracked corn and oats, and also unthrashed oats run through a cutting box, then mixed with bran colt are excellent feed at this time. “Colts be kept together while being weaned, because the com panionship helps them soomer to for get their dams and prevents them from fretting Journal. sbould THE CORN CROP. this time the corn onsiderable labor forward it necessary Just at require is to If must core pushed Care be taat tO mature it One of ceive the difficulties is to give it a good start when it Is young Many adopt the plan of manuriag ia the hill, forgetting that corn is a gross feeder and runs its roots over a large surface of ground. To keep corn in a growing condition it should not only receive a liberal application of stable manure whenever possible, but fertilizers used should be applied fre queatly iastead cf at the time of pre paring Not that it is to be implied expense must be the SOL heavy the that applications of fertilizers, but to so divide the amount required as to ap ply soluble fertilizers just before the time the corn is {an tassel, and the fertilizer worked into the soilif it can be done. The object Is to keep the roots always supplied with avail able food, as heavy rains during a wet season often carry away the soluble matter before the corn is ready to fill out. It the most critical period with corn when the seed ia filling or maturing, and it is then that the roots should have the appropriate matter within reach for the nourishment of the crop. A little fertilizer when the corn has made considerable growth gives it new life, and the increase in the yield pays well for the extra care. is The importance of animal matter and the vaiue of grit for growing chicks have been thoroughly investi gated by W. P, Wheeler, of the New York Experiment Station, and the re sults published in a receat bulletin. As chicks often show a gain of 1.500 per cent. in welght in ten weeks, and ducks may add from 50 to 100 per rent. to their weight weekly, it is pat. ent to every one taat they need the proper kinds of food In order to de. velop properly. Something like 10 per cent. of the body of an average fowl is made up of mineral matter or “ash.” Grain foods do not supply ndre than 3 to 6 per cent. of ash, hence the needed amount must come from other sources, The test shows that unless sufficient bone-making material is provided, the bones will be small, soft and weak, resulting often in lameness and de. formity, or wie development will be Blow, The necessary amount of bese building material 1s easiest supplied in fine raw or cooked bone. Clean grit and sharp sand are also very use- ful and should always be provided in abundance, For ducks, the fastest and most profitable gains can oaly be made where animal matter is sup plied in addition to grain. DESTROYING THISTLES. Thist'es may be destroyed, provided thorough work is given the field. It cannot exist long when denrived foliage. A crop of early potatoes, the ground cultivated every -time toes followed by turnips, will them. A crop of Hungarian grass will an grass may be mowed three or four rapid growth, the thistles do not have an opportunity to get a start thistles may get a fresh start seeds remaining in the soll, but some Kind of hoe crop, or a rapid grower, like Hungarian grass. will extermin- ate them. ation of thisties will not any- thing, as the crops grown wil! pay for the work. Hogs will also cut if ground is As long as the fence corners are not cleared, however, the work of dest Qy- ing thistles will be time thrown away in that direction. cost root them +) y 2 Lae freshly plowed DAIRY NOTES. The restive cow is seldom a profit. able one Do not other farm duties fere with the care and milking of the COWS, You must keep the cows ble and happy if you expect them. The dairyman must provide milk-producing food for his ery day in the year Do not expect to get something for nothing in the dairy business You are doomed to disappointment if you do. Good dairy cows good, intelligent care, and this can only be Insured by baving the right kind of attendants If you cannot alord a good bull of a dairy breed, get some of your neighbors to club in with you and get one. It will pay you. let comfortia- good re- good (DWE &v. deserve to have THE CABBAGE FLY be cabbage fly (Anthompia brass cae), which deposits its egay on stems of young cabbage plants, is of ten very troublesome. The maggs when hatched out, work inty and downward through the stem, or groove along the bark until thay reach reot, upon which they feel wien the plant dies. One of the best rem edies is to scatter siaked coal dust along plant, leaving a the W the proposed ashes or of each fow in may vizit them These piants the and leave the The plants that have will soon show tha eof fects of the insects, and caa be pulled up and burned. that the flies and lay their oges flies will gook ers untouched Linen py 8 out oh visited FOR GOOD CELERY. If good celery Is desired plants with soapsuds and the ground clean of grass and weeds The watering of a large crop with soap suds is impracticable, where one has a small planting in a garden. and will give five or ten minutes’ work to the plants twice or three times a week, the results will be very grati- fying. as something better than the average may be secured Soapsuds make a special fertilizer for celery. water the keen but Telephone Development. According to the latest figures pro curable the telephone industry of the United States represents a capital of slightly more than $450.000,000, in- cluding more than 4.000 systoms, with 2,371,044 telephones of all kinds, over which were exchanged during the of more than 5,000,000,000 telephone conversations. This Industry em. ployed 64.628 wage-earners, to whom was pald $26,369,735, and 14.124 sal aried officials and clerks, who re ceived $9,885 886. dustry reached the total of $86,825. 536. $61,162823. The interest on bonds was $5,411,948 and the dividends paid were $14.982.719. It that, exclusive of the interest on bonds, the expenses were just about 70 per cent. of the income, There are in the country $94 rural systems of telephones, with 89.216 in. wire, mercial companies operate 15.508 rural linea, with 128.426 miles of adition there are 4.085 independent farmers’ lines, with 49.965 miles of single wire and 55747 inetruments. These figures added to the others quoted above give a grand total for the United States of 9.136 systems and lnes, 4.900451 miles of slugle wire and 2,871,044 telephones. » How Star-Distances Are Measured. By Prof. Harold Jacobyv,of Columbia University HAT is the length of this room? measurement with a two-foot How far to the end of This question answered easily with a surveyor's tape-measure. But Any one can from this can be many is it also rule, houae the street? how To discover how far away a thing ¢ the distance— distant goal of are sundered by supremely inac mind can of attrac of an inaccessible object? 15, when we cannot reach it in order to measur this is a problem of a very different kind. And when the measurement 1s one of those luminous stars from which we the profound depths of space; when that object is not only cessible. but also remote to a degree as nearly infinite as human grasp—in such a case the problem of distance is not merely one tive difficulty: it is one that stirs the imagination strongly. Bessel was the first to solve this observational problem simple enough. in a star's position diminishes with the star's distance. Consequently, we star's distance, selected his star : : His method of observation, like every method Two small auxiliary estimate of the So Bessel by the older star-catalogues. destined for conepicuous success, was perfectly simple. stars were selected near the one under observation for parailax. tween each sma'l star and the parallax star. He judged quite correctiy that If such was the case, they must bs perfectly free from any appreciable paral lactic changes: and these must make it appear to swing back and forth during the y=2ar bi tween the two auxiliary stars, Bessel did not depend upon the ordinary astronomical was provided with a more accurate measuring contrivance than had ever been used before his This instrument called a hellometer, is especi ally adapted for the most precise determination of short distances on the sky such distances as those separating his parallax star from the two auxiliary ones With it he was able to determine exactly the paraliactic changes In his star's position: and “e proved tha! these changes satisfled perfectly the mathematical coaditions that govern motions of this kind. Wg # The Latest Word About Submarine Mines. By Park Bnjamin. SUBMARINE is simply a charge of explosive water in the river fiarbor, or chanael to be pro telescope time losed in a case { in and moored under tected. Between two hundred and three hundred pounds of gun cot hole i even at a distance of Tte the bottom or it is anchored by a distance below surface Floating “huovant mines.” and differ among mainly hick they are fired. The simplest and oldest form, equally dangerous to friend and foe, ia contact mise, which explodes only when a vessel actually strikes its projecting firing pia. This was used by the Confederates during the Civil War, snd also by the Spaniards at Guanlanamo, where adhesive and friendly barnacles fortunately made them harmless. A safer and better ap rangement depends upon the closing of an electrical contact by the veasse colliding eithe: with the mine itself or with a buoy connected to it. thus es tabilshing a circuit through which the charge can be fired either automatically or at the will of a controlling operator. This is the usual expedient. The wires are led to a shore station or a ship. When not automatic, the electrics! arrangements are such that each mine, as soon as struck, signals that fact the operator, usually by lighting an electric lamp. He then presses a key whict closes the firing circu't and explodes the charge. He way be far Inland and entirely safe from hosti'e fire and of course it is not necessary for hin actually to see the devoted vessel which thus sends in a signal for its owd destruction Ground mines, which are especially employed most vessels rests directly 08 to float a certain mines are also called in the way in which in the of bottom mine either cable 80 as ia enough to hiow 8 Si foaet of feet the themselves + he bottom. are fired in the same way when are awift currents which would teas buovant mines from thelr anchorages, or where the water ia shallow and there {zs not much rise and fall of tide. All mines are usually laid in groups, so as to form a socalled “mine field” of sufficient area to prevent vessels reaching the harbor or other place to be protected without encountering or passing over them: and a great deal of ingenuity has expended in devising contri vances whereby one mine of a group or any number of them. or one group or any number of groups. may be controlled as occasion may require —Frowm “Battleships. Mines and Torpedoes.” in the Review of Reviews A Panama’s Health. By Col. William C. Gorgas, HE attempt to rfee the whole population from the 20 that they could not infect the on any large scale. Koch, ia small use it reat the on bo ¢ there been malarial infection mosquito, has never been tried Africa, reports some exs on this But at Panama we have no precedent to guide ua strip is now abou! as healthy as the ordinary tropl he death-rate is a great deal higher than in New this would be ¥ie case almost anywhere in the tropics. About thousand in New York die every year, and about fifty pm thousand at Panama. The general idea about Panama seems to be that we shal suffer as the French did, and that instead of dying as we do In New York at the rate of twenty per thousand per year, we shall die. as sometimes an curred to the French and others at Panama, at the rate of five or glx hundred per thousand a year. Other men of experience in the tropics. and who have been at Panama for some time maintain that the matter of sanitation is ex coadingly simple and easy, and that the health of the Panama strip ought te be as good as that of most parts of the United States. Both opinions, it seem to me, are extreme, and the truth will fall somewhers between the two. Ang health officer. with experience ja dealing with a practical question of this kind will know how exceedingly dificult it will be, in a population of about fifteer thousand people infected with malaria, to devise and apply any system by which the cases can be individually recorded and treated. Personally, 1 ap proach the problem with hope, and the expectation of having, approximately the fame success that rewarded similar efforts apnlied by our military authori ties in Cuba. But it is no simple matter. We shall, no doubt. meet with many disappointments and discouragements and shall succeed in the end only afte many modifications of our plans and after many local failures —From “Solving the Health Problem at Panama” in the Review of Reviews W W WW Thibet: A Cross Between wkd glide alone in communities of the scale on which we stall have fo The Panama cal country York. bat twenty peopie per By W, C. Jameson Reid. teeming with features of intergst for the scientist, the ethnolo gist, and the student of aboriginal mankind in general For insurmountable physical barriers and the barbarous hostility of the Thibetans bave often frustrated the most indomitable and persevering explorers. Forming a high table and a'most in the very centre of the Asiatic con tinent. thousands of feet above the sea level, surrounded on all sides by mountain ranges among the highest in the world, and covered throughou! its whole extent with appalling deserts, vast saitswamps, and immense ice covered plains; Thibet is not a land which would attract the traveler ir search of beauties of landscape. When one bas traveled through its arid wilds the impression left on memory is that of a combined Saharan deser and Anarctic fce-plain. Never a tree is seen, and scarcely a flower excep for a few months in the year. Mountains covered with soil which by thrift and industry might be made productive, are left in their wild state: for th growth of coarse grasses, furnishing scanty pasturage for the small herds of scrawny cattle, More favored regions are inhabited by small ‘herds of wild asses, antelopes, and yak, affording subsistence to a sinister and uncouth population. The sterility of the landscape is reflected in the natives, impossible to imagine a people more unenlightenad and barbarous. of civilization has yet made itself felt.—Booklovers' Magazine. It would hw No spar} The "youngest Vice-President wae! Two crops “ot strawberries have John C. Breckinridge, who was thirty been made possible ia Texan by irrk gation, PENNSYLVANIA R. R. and Northern Central Ry, Time Table in Effect May 29, 1904 THAINS LEAVE MONTANDON, TRA. MM, Train 64 HEFsisirg, arriving at New Yorq 208 pom. Baltinore 12.15 ington | pom to Philadelphia $22 A. M.~Trin 30 Wilkesbarre, Scranton mediate stations, WW eek zelton, and Pottsville Baltimore, Washiugton foneties 0 Philadelphia 1247 M Trin 12 Week days sunbury Wilassbmrre, Beranton, Hazelton, Potsville, Har slrarg snd intermediate stations, arriving sf Phiiadeiphin at 6.28 p. mn, New York, o.9 ir tm Baitimore, 6.00 p. m., Washiogton at 716 p. om Parlor car through to Phiedsiphie, and pussen ker comches to Philadelphin, Baltimore sme Washington Cid VV. M.~Train 32 EASTWARD Week dave {or Sus Philadelphia, 11.488 u Waal Parlor car and pasenge cone p.m Dally } Hurrisburg and 1 days for Scranton, Hae Phiindelphia, New York Through Pian nig fes0 fe Week days lor Wilkes barre, =cranion, Hazelton, Potteviile, and dais for Harristoirg and intermediate points, arrivis at Phiindeiplia 10.47 pom, New York 3.50. or Baltimore 6.18 p.m, Passenger conclus 10 Phils deipiiia and Baltimore SOP M.~Tmin 6 He rishury, and all uitormediate stations, arriving st Philadelphia 4.218, m., New York at 1.138 = Battimor £3 a. m., Washivgwn, 800 & mw Paliman sleeping cars from Harrisburg w Phils Aeipnis and New York, Philadeiphia [ene er ORG remain lo sieepers undisturbed und 7.80 a. WESTWARD 5.33 A. M -Tmind (Daily For Erie, Car Bbideigus, Rochester, Buffalo, Nisgars Fells aio intermedinte stations, with passenger otmches ! Erie and Rochester Week days for DuBois Belicfoute and Pittsbun On sSuudays oni Pullman sleeper ty Philadelphia 000A M. Tren sl Dally) For Lock Haver and intermediate stations, and week days ivrone, Clearfield, Philipsburg, Pitsburg and tl West, with through cars to Tyrone LAI P. M.~Toain 6]. Week days for Kane, 1 rome, Clearfleid, Philipsburg, Pittsburg, Centar duigna and inermediste stations, Ryractuse Rochester, Buffalo aod Niagars Fads, with through Jing coaches 0 Kane and Rowi ester, and Parlor oar to Philadelphia CAMP. M. -Trmin 1. Week dave Fimira aod igermediate of sitions ne Pp rain 67 Daily for Bunbury, for Renov Week days for William. port and | iedinte stations. Through Pari Car and Passenger Coach for Philadelphia IOP MM. -Train 921. SBandey only, for Wi lamsport and intermediate stations RFELLEFONTE CENTRAL RAILROAD dt Week Days EASTWARD WESTWARI ® : STATIONS 1 + M | M Ar Sen | i wi y sootia Crossing 7 Lrumrine Mtrubile yi lun DRG RD BE BRDU NDB ve Cn a EER BY RAP an 12 4 i2 0 12 201% 0] _Biste College a Morning trains from Montandon. Willi Lock Haven and Tyrone connect with 7 for state College. Afte noon trains from Mop tandon, Lewisburg and Tyrone connect with No. 11 for mate College. Tins from WORE ORE, = = & Train State College connect with Penn's RK trains sf B+listonte F. H THOMAS Buperintendent CENTRAL RAILROAD OF PENNSYLVANIA - Condensed Time Tabie Woek Days Bead Down ———— No | Nok Nob June 15, 1904 stm— — co—————— "MPN 3 6 WwW 24165 6 » # Lv A BELLEFONTE Nigh . Zion Hecls Park Dunkles HUBLERABURG. suyderiown Nittany Huston LAMAR Clintondale Krider's Sprin 33 Maehar vit . 22 Cedar Springs {1 Salogs STL. MILL HALL Central and Hudson River BR 4h Jersey Shore } Arr } Lve § Art & Reading Ry PHILA NEN YORK Vis Philad EhRl 8 2355 1 ae 23 EEREES LRYES -t *, FERRI BRI COCCCD OE 2 +50 «3» B|as Ea EE EE EE EE 11 30 Lve WW meport t Philsd A MN. Ar New York Ly..4A 0 Via Tamaques i. W, GEPHARY ironera: Superintendent IT EWISBURG AND TYRONE RAILROAD Week Duss WESTWARD P.M EASTWARI » KR i EE Mii bay Millmont islet Iron Paddy Mountain LUndmary Zerby Rising Springs Penn Cave Contre Hall GregR 31 | Linden Hall 8 | Oak Hall 39 | Lemont 42 | Dale Summit 42 | Pleasant Gap 56 Axemann 00 | Bellefonte Additional traihs leave Lewisburg for Monten don at 5.208 m., 75a m S46s. mm, L15 52 | and 7585p mm, returning leave Montendon fot lewisburg at 7.40, 9.274 mm. 10088 m., 4.00 5.4 pm. andsSiip m EZRESE EE Po is 80 hh wh al AE SE ERROR Ee yO ay PE BREE ERR - 100 a. mand L46 p. m. returning leave Lewis burg 2.25 a mm. 1000 mm. and 4.48 p m. W. W. ATTERBURY, J. R. WOOD, General Manager Pause. Traffic Mgr GRO. W. BOYD, General Peas'ger Agt Famous Dog. A deservedly famous dog was \V:If, the “nigh leader” of the dog team that drew the sledges in the Greely Arctic oxpedition. The off leader but Wolf lived for a dumber of years after the rescue. Wolf had a history. He was the only | don that ever enlisted in the United tion's demands; his regular papers of honorable discharge trom the government se-vice. Wouil was born in the North many years ago, ard taught fo draw sledecs across the frozen sea by his Eskimo master. Lieut. Greely chose Well for his superior strength and won verful intelligence, and he and Tige« isd the team that dragged the un fortunate band of explorers north ward. He was a large animal, with ‘ong, gray, silky hair; and althoush of grave demeanor allowed children to romp with and ride on him. es — Dogs in Seatskin Shoes. Sealskin shoes for dogs are made in Labrador. The dogs attached to tledgos travel at great speed over the rough ice, and some protection for the feet is necessary, i i i BPRING MILLS, PA. PHILIP DRUMM, Prop. First-class socom modetions st all tines for both man sod beast. Free bus 10 and from all trains. Excelient Livery attached. Tably bosrd fistciass. The best liquors aod wiies ai Lhe bar. Cente Hal fel CENTRE HALL, PA. JAMES W. RUNKLE, Prop, Newly equipped. Bar and table supplied with the best. Sommer bosrders given spesied Mention. Healy ioesifty. Besutiful scenery Within three miles of Peuns Cave, & mest ful sublerrsaesn cavers; eniascs by & bead Well located for hunting and fishing. Heated throughout. Free carriage to ail trate Oi Fo dl ISAAC SHAWYER, Proprisior, ®8.locavion : One mile South of Centre Hall Acoemmodations first-class. Good bar, wishing (0 enjoy an evening given sliention. Meals Sor such cosssions pared on short notios. Always for the transient trade. RATES: $1.9 PER DAY. A —————————————— Penn's Valley Banking Company CENTRE HALL, PA. W. B. MINGLE, Cashief Receives Deposits . . Discounts Notes . . . fotel Haag BELLEFONTE, PA. F. A. NEWOOMER, Prog. Fine Sabitag RATES, 51.090 PER DAY. Special prepasstions for Jurom, and say persons coming © town on spesial castons. Regulsr boardess woll cared for, { CE ATTORNEYS. Beated I. 5. ORVDS C. HM BOWER QRVis, BOWER 4 ORTIS ATTORNEYS AT LAW BELLEFONTE, PA. ELORYE DAVID ¥ FORTNEY WwW. ForTey & WALKER ATTORNEYS AT-LAW BELLEFONTE, Oftos North of Court House. ha HARRISON WALKER ATTORNEY AT-LAW Ofoe N. W. corner Diamond, two Goer fromm First National Bank. ree Ww. G. BUNKLE ATTORNEY-ATLAW BELLEFONTE, Bi. All inde of legal business sitended Wo prompily Bpecial attention given Lo collections Ofc, 88 Soor Crider's Rachange ree S. D. §ETTNG ATTORNEY -AT-LAW BELLEFONTE, P Collections and al! loge! busines stlendeod n promptly. Consultations Germeas sod Eogling, Ofc ln Exchange Buliding jvee B. SPANGLER H. ATTORNEY AT-LAW BELLEFONTR PA. Fractioss (n all the courts Consultation iw English and German. Ofice, Orider's Exchange Building reg Special Effort made to Accommodate Com- mercial Travelers..... D. A. BOOZER S50 YEARS’ EXPERIENCE Anvone sending a sketeh and hon guickiy ascertain our opinion free whether invention is probably patentable. Communion. tions strictly confidential. Flandbook on Patents sont free Oldest cy for sesnring Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive notios, withowt charge, in the A handsomely llastrated weekly. Larpest oie. culation of any scientific journal. Terma $3 a MU four months, $1. Seid by all newsdeniors. NN & Coz, arose New York Fa The readers of this pa. per are roustantly apom the alert to ascertain where goods can be pun chased at the lowest prices, and if a merchant does not advertise and keep the buyer conven sant with his line of goods, how can he expect to sell them? FR»
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers