Our Young Folks. Honesty Rewarded. chine, near Montreal, Canada, found a package floating in the river there the other day. On opening it he was sur- dred and seventy dollars in bank-hills, steamer, and had abandoned all hope of ever seeing it again. tor. started a few years ago selling news- papers. and for two sleet in the freezing dawn on their morning rounds. From the very first they saved a certain percentage of their earnings, which they invested in Atlan- ta real estate. The oldest of them is now eighteen years of age the youngest twelve. They have supported an invalid father and their mother all the time, and now have property worth more than $5000, houses from which the rent is $20 a month, and $200 stock in a building and loan association. They have educated themselves the meanwhile, remaining from school this year in order to work the harder and build a home for their parents, and Old-Time New Year. I am now seventy vears old, and 1 want to tell The Farmer boys—and girls, too, if they like such things—how we sometimes celebrated the New Year, when this part of the Ohio was the frontier. I remember New Year's day, 1833, I was just twenty years old, for New Year's day was also wy birthday. There was plenty of game in those days, turkey, wild cats, deer, pheasants, woods, There had fallen a light snow the day before, and about twenty of o ur neigh bors, with their have a grand hunt. house New Year's eve start out early in the morning, nd in the evening we were to meet at boys, determined to We at our and decided to met I pairs, our house again, and compare success, The two who shot the most game were to have five of prize. Money was scarce in those days, and wheat was currency. A bushel of wheat for a day's work was the com- mon rule, Tom Harrison, about my , went with me. We knew the of a bear that had been troublesome in an- other settlement west of us, and Tom and I had made up that we'd try to find him. We struck a fresh deer track soon after getting well on our way, and followed it up for half a mile, where we found him browsing in a dense piece of andergrowth. We to the wind- ward and got within good shooting dis- tance before he discovered him. He bounded out both fired and brought him down. jumped up immediately, however, made directly for us. ‘Take to a tree!” [I shouted. and speedily climbed one myself. Tom was a little ways in the rear, and before he sovia find a tree the buck bimm., Tom dodged behind an oak, and then began a game of hide-and-seek, I was trying to get a shot without endan- gering Tom, but it was sometime be- fore 1 succeeded. Finally. as the buck came round I let fly, and hit him in the neck. He made a few jumps, and fell. He was a fine, large fellow. We hung him up snd started on, well satisfied with the start we had made. We next shot a pheasant apiece, which we carried with Next we killed a turkey—u large gobbler, and before we arrived at the place where we thought the bear wonld be found, | shot a turkey hen. Our by this time was getting heavy, and we carried the game to a settler’s cabin and left it in his charge. It was now ten o'clock snd we had ten miles to tramp yet, if we expected to get that bear. Tom thought he knew where his bruinship put up. in a sort of cave on the margin of a stream, a spot he had accidentally discovered on one of his hunti .g exepe- ditions. We arrived there about noon, snd sure enough, there were plenty of War. We built a fire, ate some lunch, and then went to work to smoke out his bruinship. if he was at home, We filled the entrance to his den with leaves, dry twigs and branches. and soon had # dense smoke, which the wind, fortom. stely, carried directly . into the hole, or den, and in less than ten ininutes we Beard him coming. We stood ready, Bruin came out with an angry roar, for the fire scorched Lim some as he passed Belore he could get the smoke out of his eyes two big bullets went through Aim. He dropped in his tracks and hardly kicked, for one of the bullets went through his heart. It was such an easy victory that we could hardly believe it. We expected to have a chase and a fight. : The bear was a big heavy fellow, and we skinned, dressed, and hung him up, Then, taking the hide with’ us, w, bushels wheat for a Age age haunts were Us, Or we we He and all at one, was upon Hs, Toad started for home. We had more than one chance to follow gameé on our re- turn, but we had had enough, and kept straight on, taking up our turkeys and pheasants on the way, We were the winners of the wheat and the heroes of the day, Next day we took a sled and hauled home the carcasses of the bear and deer, and for a few days everybody in the settlement feasted on bear meat and venison, Three of tle other parties killed a deer each, and altogether, half a dozen turkeys shot, 1 good many New Year's had also were have hunts, but this was the most successful Some time I will tell the boys of a panther that one, was shot, not over ten rods from our eabin door. - N. Girandfather in Ohio Farmer. i - How Ocean Cables are Fished Up. The machinery used for picking a cable in both deep and shallow water is It con- and a of the most simple description. sists of a rope about an inch with interwoven wires of fine the grapnel at the end is merely shaft of iron weighing about 100 pounds, and pro- to six blunt hooks, which very much resemble the partly closed fingers of the human hand. In picking up the cable in deep water, the Minia, after the near the break, lets out her rope and grapnel, hemp, steel ; some feet long, a solid longed in reaching waters then takes a course at right angles to the cable and at some distance from the fracture, so that the broken slip through the attached end may not grapnel, the rope is to a dynamometer, which exactly measures the the unerringly the If the grapnel fouls a rock t i strain on rope, and shows when cable has been caught. he strain rises very suddenly and to a higl the ol being known, dynamometer exact weight the the point ; but cable which far and certainty with the cable, The which the cables are picked up in these Awhile Angl pany was caught wit hold on below, 15 very vase days is amazing. Ago One the lines of the trouble at a L (Qu § 4 gUan Ath i. who has won great is i middle depth of two and er miles, near the antic, Captain faune for his skill and ingenuity in cable picked up the St. Pierre, the time matters, but recently French cable 180 miles of and in four hours from the cable was spliced and in good working condition, The splicing is a work of grea deligacy skill, shed by trained i and and when accompli fingers, the *‘spliced scarcely be distinguished from the mai cord. So rapid has been the improve. ment in perfecting the modern cable, that 4 the resistance to the electric currect has been reduced to one quarter of what it i1 3 was twenty while ti of sages double Vears ago, e duplex system sending and receiving mes. the capacity of every new The He 18 about cable laid, working age of the modern cal thirteen vears Punishment for Adulteration of Food in London in the Middle Ages. In the “Memorials of London’ we find that, in 1311, a baker was arrested for selling putrid bread, and in 1316 an- other baker was sentenced to be drawn on a hurdle through the principal streets of the city for selling *‘light bread, defi cient in weight ;*’ and in the same vear the punishment of the pillory was in- flicted upon a man and a woman selling bread of ‘rotten materials’ deficient iu weight. for and In 1319, a certain William Spelyng was adjudged to be put upon the pillory, and two putrid beef carcasses to burnt under him for exposing the said carcasses for sale ; and in 1320 we find two similar to the proceeding. In 1'48 and 1353, the punishment of the pillory was inflicted for selling carrion-—in one case the meat being burnt under the offend er. as to the sale of fish, be CASES In 1351, proclamations were issued In 144, a of unsound wine was punished by being made to drink it. In the following year the punishment of the pillory was inflicted] upon for selling putrid pigeons, In 1372, a woman was punished for selling putrid soles; the fish was ordered to be burnt, and the cause of her punishment proclaimed ; and we find another case of punishment by the pillory in 1381, for exposing pu- tric pigeons for sale. In 1390, twelve barrels of eels were ordered to be tuken out of the city, and buried in some place underground, lest the air might become infected through the steuch arising therefrom. Aun important procls- mation against the adulteration and mixing of wines was issued by Henry V. in 1419, and the punishment of the pillory was ordered for all who sold false wines. If a few examples similar to the above kind were made at the present day, they would be of infinite service to the community, piste bso This is. the diffe nce between the | much talked of speculation in enoutch- ote and i game of whist: Ofie WHO ner in rubber, and the other is a rubber seller i poultere in a covuer, THE DAYS GONE BY. Oh, the days gone by! Oh, the days gone by! The apples iuthe orchard and the pathway inh the rye; The chirrup of the robin, and the whistle of the quail As he piped across the meadows sweet as any nightingale; When the bloom was on the clover, and the blue was in the sky, And my happy heart brhnmed over—in the days gone by ! In the days gong by, when my naked feet were trip; od the honeysuckle tangles where the water-lilies dipped, And the ripples of the rives lipped the moss along the brink Where the placid-oyed cattle came to drink, And the titing snipe stood fearless of the truant's wayward cry, And the splashing of the swimmer, in the days gong by By and lazy-footed Oh, the days gone gone by | The music of the laughing lip, the luster of the aye; The childish faith in fairies, and Aleddin’s magic ring: The simple, soul-reposing, glad belief in everything For life was like a story, holding neither sob nor sigh, : In the golden, olden glory of the days Rone by by! Oh, the days -—- Agricultural and Statistical. Selection of a Farm. There are many things to be consider- ed in the selection of a farm. To the rich gentleman who wishes to retire from the noise and tumult of city life, a farm has a different méaning than to the poor man who must toil daily for maintenance of himself and family, The former will look through golden eye-glasses and seek for luxuries in the while the life, individual taste rule country, latter must obtain The one will let the = the necessities of in choice, the $e i substantial other asks himself, the best farn- rules can be given rich man who buys a farm purpose of spending money, the one who seeks to make al and, there are some wo The size of a fa t! » BYR ITY © Fess v rast} i LE CRACILY Of Ti IOCEEL-DOOK, young iarmers *Eyyq wit) pre la buving with little to binds a a large fi for it. Ther as a pay 1s nothing that so It eats the very heart out of the farmer, man heavy mortgage and hangs like every dre and a leaden weight upon % aspiration of his wife and chil. It is have As invested in better to buy a small farm enough capital to work it the surplus increases, it may ber a HOT BROTes, or ili Letter those that have proved profitable. There size below which many of the economies culture of already is A of the farm can not be practiced to the best advantage, and on the other hand there acreage where the most profitable farm ing It considerable executive ability is danger of going bevond that may Ie earried on. 10 man- age men which a large farm, and therefore many are excluded from such by a luck not fully trial has been made and HAs they the apprecials until £ recorded, Farming is not like v i ff $ 3 taking of a citadel, ailure he done su rush cessfully with a “wr t is a thoughtful and steady working out from well-laid plans crops, and the bead must be clear that wins where the seat of a campaign for a lifetime covers townships or even square The and it miles, soil farming. Kinds of crops that it is desired to raise, The differences in the nature and ca- pacities of sand and clay should be un derstcod, amd a favorable mixture of the two obtained if there is an opportu- nity for choosing. A rich soil with al once, but it may be as profitable to The farm house is to be the home of the family, and therefore the locality for the farm should be health ful. The richest land for the price may be on the border of a malaria-breeding swamp, but the proiits of the invest. ment may be more than balanced by the doctor's bills and loss of time, not to mention the discomfort of fevers in It is important that tion, all farms, both for the family and the livestock, tions that no farmer should overlook ia muking a choice of a farm. He lives uot to himselt alone ; the children need the privileges of good schools, ete, : in short, the community should be one in which sympathy, goo lunes and intell's Renee prevails, With a good farm of proper size, healthfully located, abundantly sup. plied with water, good neighbors, und a handy market, « wan is so well situated that he ought to make himself and those sround him happy. Choose well, and bold on to the choice, «Amer on Agricultura, Ea Nearly one-third of all the sugar sold ou the English market is beet sugar, Mr. C. F, Cobb, of Leeds, Me., raised the past season, from about one acre, population than any other country on the globe, Thre has been an increase in the ime. portation of butter and butterine juto the United Kingdom, and a decrease in the importations of cheese, Across the water the Shorthorn tor of the Ficld insinuates that Short- { hor blood was the tht creased the size of the polled cattle, edi- eleroent ine Statistics place the shortage of wheat in Grreatl Britain at 136,008,000 bushels. The shortage of the oats crop of this country is placed at 1,000,000, Mr. W. H. Francis, of Frankfort, Mich., realized $145 for the first three crops from teu Hale's Early peach trees, which are still in thrifty condition. In the lastten years Lancaster county, Pa., has produced 142,000,000 pounds of tobacco, The annual profits on to- bacco alone in that county is estimated at $3,000,000, It has been ascertained at the Granby (Conn.) creamery that it takes milk to make an inch cream, and an inch of cream makes a pound of butter, ten quarts of of An order was recently given to a Bos- ton dealer for fifty cans of skim milk to be used in the manufacture of a wash for the extermination of insects on the orange trees in Florida, A Montreal dealer ships tomatoes to England, where they bring good prices, The taste for tomatoes has been acquir- ed, but the Edglish climate will always be too cold for them to ripen, The Jowrnal of Agriculture says that is the lar, kets not only railroad causing people to sweat under the col but thie canned owe crowd is kick.” din Joining in the London purple is better adapted to vi Hghting the ( ANKEr worin on apple trees it the cause with than is Paris Tee dissolves in water, which is Paris ¥idst ON green, and the former is, therefore, more evenly distributed, It is a severe calamity to any agricul- tural country not to be the producer x a 1 11 3 i 43 is own wool, All the varieties produci- * in the world are equally producible : SAXONY « woduce no finer, To cure warts on cows Abbott, of Maine, ssturate Lt) H. recommends to mr. LARS (x. win three times a week with short Caving Kerosene oil, and in a UUme they will all be gone, the skin smooth and free from soreness, If a cow's hind feet are tied together she cannot kick. t some trouble for a time, but will make the row the mind | of the milker will be sec ure and After cord on each leg will be enough. AF Ark. } i and ties and HES ARIZ RIng taking Undine turbed, a few weeks a slight ort Smith oil mill farn- gins cotton, the seed alone as compensation. A very few years since cotton seed came P very near being considered worthless, except for manure for the next erop of Cotton, The population of the United States is 12.611. 148, or about one cow’ to every four people. This only includes COW milch cows, and their value is estimated at $40,500,500, an average of $27 per head, based upon their prices in differs ent States, Dear as corn has been it well pays to feed it moderately to cows giving milk, Butter is proportionably as dear as corn, and a feed of the latter affects the but- ter product, both in quantity and quali- ty, even more than it does the flow of milk, Dr. Hoskins, of Vermont, writes to the Rwral Yorker that he has fruited and compared the three sup owed distinet varieties of Russian ap- ples known Grand Sultan, Yellow | Transparent and Charlottenhaler, and { finds them identical, | The advantages of breeding from | polled rams, says a Missouri shepherd 1: an exchange, are that the animals fight less, are never fly-blown around New horns, are more conveniently The branding of cattle as now prae- | ticed in the West is pronoucned by the | Shoe und Leather Reporter to be a crite, | That there is much unnecessary cruelty and much wanton destruction of hides | in the way this work is generally done heyond question. An Towa correspondent of the Ge mantown Telegroph makes his granary distasteful to rats by “‘daubing all the angles on the outside of the building with hot pinetar for the width of three or four inches, and also any seam or crack where a ral or mouse can stand to gnaw,’ ! The following are the messurcments which were lately examined: Lamb, ‘nehes : old ewe, Southdown, 100 feel 8 inches: old Leicester ran, 117 fee. 8 inches, when the intestines are pulled On a erabberey farm at Hyannis, Mass, $40,000 worth of cranberries have been sold this season. and £7000 i busy ‘work during the Lime so occupied, and, «after. the crop is gathered the the fruit, A new white potato, called the Duke England, Hebron. Most of our as American farmers who have planted is largely grown, are ruining the honey product of the neighborhivod. The bees like this food, but no human being has been discovered who appreciates the product, very disagreeable odor, A writer in the Fruit Recorder makes planted some cabbage plants among his corn where the corn missed, and the butterflies did not find them. He has therefore. come to the conclusion that if the cabbage patch were in the middle of the com-field the butterflies would not find thetn, as they fly low and like plain salling. When pigs do not thrive and try to eal gravel or earth it is a symptom of indigestion. They are probably vers wh ’ od] : fexd Reduce their food one-half. Give two pigs half a pint ef sweet oil or lin- for three days, and as they recover gradual- seed onl in the food dails two or i¥ give them a little dry corn in addi- tion to their other food. Some char- Service, and may Ix wn of sheep made iy Li seotiand point which even old tlockinasters have surpassed, miished at ghilands of has reach not seen Sellers ate often ast the prices they receive, while buyers are paying prices at which wold This have been appalled a vear i5 especially true of Jesir- Willie Lhe of ¢ y 3 UOC HK | LOGIN all gra ies decent Inution In doing up wool the fleece should Ix and easy to handle, the fleece on the table, turn in the inspect and tail and and roll it The flanks, up, with two strings to keep the roll one about the 4 laid in grooves plac ©, The sawed ends, yee n into the folding platform. =o that the fleece can be tied quickly The laud greater part of the soil of Eug- has been under cultivation for a thousand years, and yet the land is richer and the crops more prolific than they Why, then, shipild 50 many thousand of Acres in many sections of this country have be- %0 greatly deteriorated in pro- A comparatively few years 7 Careless and unskilled culture hus necessarily be the answer It is a well-known fact that trees along highways, trees in towns and ¢ilies, trees in groves amidst agricul- bral regions render the atmosphere purer. They, by their foliage, absorb burtful gases, which would otherwise be breathed by the inhabitants of the densely populated cities, thereby modi- fying diseases, lessening the dangers of eppdemies, and inal ways improving the healthfulness of communities, were a thousand years ago COI ductiveness in A variety of tobacco has lately come intd sé which isicalled “hybrid** to- bacep. | Tt fs & cross bét ween: seeddeal and Havind, Sod” produces” leaves of smallish size but of excellent quality, The plants are set out nearer together in the field than is usual with. seed-leaf varieties, and in that way the yield of the hybpld falls little if any below that of the sesddesf. The usual distance for setting the plants is about 16 inches iu the row, and the rows 3 feet apart. elleganding the Crescent strawberry, Mr." B. Engle, of Beaver county, Pa. ys bo finds it larger and handsomer than the Wilson, and escapes the spring froste “better than any other Variety. One reason why some growers condemn it is because they allow the plants to run freely anc cover the bed with a dense growte: of leaves, When subject to hill culture it becomes a different fruit, varying from pistillate to stami- nate in blossom, according to soil and “It takes close observation and con stant study to make a practical and in- telligent bee-beeper.” Good advice as far as it goes. One needs te be fortified with a good stock of resolutencss and that kind of pluck which doesn't easily woenmb to adverse circumstances even t aiite, ot ’ has on he of keeper's tact render the busines what precarious one, Aes i ca a— A I TANS In England a ram is often rented for more than the price obtained at sales for others, For the services of the ram Little Lord over and the next season $420 was realized. For the services of the Shropshire ram Hero $630 was paid, and others obtained nearly as high sums. While these prices are seemingly high for . $250 was paid in 1872, many one season's services, it may be stated that for invest sires sell very high prices, making the Science and Invention. Facts About Mother of Pearis. This beautiful used metal, which is kinds of chiefly “0 in many artistic productions, is obtained from the pear! oysters (Meleagrina murgari- which (sulf of Panama and Colagua. at NWAnR tifera are found in the at the the Ceylon and Madagascar, Manilla, The lipped muscles Manilla bring the best prices, The Society Islands produce the silver- river in and at SOc iety Islands. black from Panama the so- The colors exhibited and * Bullacks, tints and mother-of-pearl are due to lipped muscles, peculiar and by struct- called the ure of the surface, which is covered by innumerable fine plates—often several thousands to the inch—which break up the flect it in all different tints, The square or sawed out with a small saw, the piece rays of light falling on it, and re- Angular pces are being held in the hand or clamped in a vise. Buttons and similar round pieces are cut with a crown saw attached to a spindle. All the working mother-of-pearl must be kept tools empioved in continually moist to prevent their stick ing fast. The shaped on a j which Pieces are generally lishing stone, the rian of must be ribbed to avoid daabing The must be kept wet while in use ; and smearing, stone, of course, Werk soapsuds works better than water alone, When the pieces have been brought to the proper shape on the stone, they are then polished with pumice In piece ana waler. Hany it of article CASES 15 well to shape the pumice 80 as to fit the form of he to be polished, and then the be i Lasiensd rotated In a lathe It powdered pumice on a Cork or wet Mer can 0a hand amd is afterward polished with finely esr ag, while the final polishing is done with English tripoli, moistened with dilute ‘ id. The brings out the structure of the pearl very fully, to sulphuric a acid beauti- In many articles it is necessary use emery before the 3 tN tripoli and then employ oil is ap- Plies of id, Knife and razor handles have the holes bored in them after they are instead a cut in the proper shape, and are then lightly riveted together, polished on the stone, and finished as before described. In many workshops the polishing is performed on wet cloth which holds the polishing ma- wheels covered with a terial. For common work some pul- verized chalk or Spanish white is sub- stituted for the English tripoli, Mother-of-pear] is frequently etched like copper. - The design is put on with asphalt varnish, which protects the parts that are to be etched, and the piece is then put in nitric acid. When the exposed portions have been suffi ciently corroded hy the acid the 8 ticle is rinsed with water and the varnish dissolved off with turpentine or benzole. Thin pieces of pear] which are to have the same shape are glued to- gether and all cut and bored at once like a single piece, and afterward sepa. rated by putting them in hot water. In ordinary inlaid work of mother-of-pearl, scales or very thin pieces of pearl are fastened on iron or some foundation. ususally made of papier mache. with Japanese varnish. The plate is first cleansed and dried, then coated with varuish j when the latter is nearly dry cut pieces of mother-of-pearl are pressed into the varnish by the artist so as to adhere to it. The plate is then baked in an oven until the vamish hardens, when a second coating is put over the entire article, which is then polished again, tl smiona Wigs Coming into Fashion Use. A wig-maker talked me into a secret the other day. It was becoming fash. imable, he said, for women to wear wigs. Wigs are not worn to cover baldness or because even the hair is caution against aceident. A woman who has straight hair is just now out of fashion as far as head goes. She must crimp her hair and paste it into little
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers