Our Young Folks.
Honesty Rewarded.
chine, near Montreal, Canada, found a
package floating in the river there the
other day. On opening it he was sur-
dred and seventy dollars in bank-hills,
steamer, and had abandoned all hope of
ever seeing it again.
tor.
started a few years ago selling news-
papers.
and for two
sleet in the freezing dawn on their
morning rounds. From the very first
they saved a certain percentage of their
earnings, which they invested in Atlan-
ta real estate. The oldest of them is
now eighteen years of age the
youngest twelve. They have supported
an invalid father and their mother all
the time, and now have property worth
more than $5000, houses from which
the rent is $20 a month, and $200 stock
in a building and loan association.
They have educated themselves the
meanwhile, remaining from school this
year in order to work the harder and
build a home for their parents,
and
Old-Time New Year.
I am now seventy vears old, and 1
want to tell The Farmer boys—and
girls, too, if they like such things—how
we sometimes celebrated the New Year,
when this part of the Ohio was the
frontier. I remember New Year's day,
1833, I was just twenty years old, for
New Year's day was also wy birthday.
There was plenty of game in those days,
turkey, wild cats,
deer, pheasants,
woods,
There had fallen a light snow the day
before, and about twenty of o ur neigh
bors, with their
have a grand hunt.
house New Year's eve
start out early in the morning,
nd in the evening we were to meet at
boys, determined to
We at our
and decided to
met
I pairs,
our house again, and compare success,
The two who shot the most game were
to have five of
prize. Money was scarce in those days,
and wheat was currency. A bushel of
wheat for a day's work was the com-
mon rule,
Tom Harrison, about my , went
with me. We knew the of a
bear that had been troublesome in an-
other settlement west of us, and Tom
and I had made up that we'd try to
find him. We struck a fresh deer track
soon after getting well on our way, and
followed it up for half a mile, where we
found him browsing in a dense piece of
andergrowth. We to the wind-
ward and got within good shooting dis-
tance before he discovered
him. He bounded out
both fired and brought him down.
jumped up immediately, however,
made directly for us.
‘Take to a tree!” [I shouted. and
speedily climbed one myself. Tom was
a little ways in the rear, and before he
sovia find a tree the buck
bimm., Tom dodged behind an oak, and
then began a game of hide-and-seek, I
was trying to get a shot without endan-
gering Tom, but it was sometime be-
fore 1 succeeded. Finally. as the buck
came round I let fly, and hit him in the
neck. He made a few jumps, and fell.
He was a fine, large fellow. We hung
him up snd started on, well satisfied
with the start we had made.
We next shot a pheasant apiece,
which we carried with Next we
killed a turkey—u large gobbler, and
before we arrived at the place where
we thought the bear wonld be found, |
shot a turkey hen. Our by this
time was getting heavy, and we carried
the game to a settler’s cabin and left it
in his charge. It was now ten o'clock
snd we had ten miles to tramp yet, if
we expected to get that bear. Tom
thought he knew where his bruinship
put up. in a sort of cave on the margin
of a stream, a spot he had accidentally
discovered on one of his hunti .g exepe-
ditions. We arrived there about noon,
snd sure enough, there were plenty of
War. We built a fire, ate some lunch,
and then went to work to smoke out his
bruinship. if he was at home, We
filled the entrance to his den with leaves,
dry twigs and branches. and soon had
# dense smoke, which the wind, fortom.
stely, carried directly . into the hole, or
den, and in less than ten ininutes we
Beard him coming. We stood ready,
Bruin came out with an angry roar, for
the fire scorched Lim some as he passed
Belore he could get the smoke out of
his eyes two big bullets went through
Aim. He dropped in his tracks and
hardly kicked, for one of the bullets
went through his heart. It was such
an easy victory that we could hardly
believe it. We expected to have a chase
and a fight. :
The bear was a big heavy fellow, and
we skinned, dressed, and hung him up,
Then, taking the hide with’ us, w,
bushels wheat for a
Age
age
haunts
were
Us, Or we
we
He
and
all at
one,
was upon
Hs,
Toad
started for home. We had more than
one chance to follow gameé on our re-
turn, but we had had enough, and kept
straight on, taking up our turkeys and
pheasants on the way,
We were the winners of the wheat
and the heroes of the day, Next day
we took a sled and hauled home the
carcasses of the bear and deer, and for a
few days everybody in the settlement
feasted on bear meat and venison,
Three of tle other parties
killed a deer each, and altogether, half
a dozen turkeys shot, 1
good many New Year's
had also
were have
hunts, but this was the most successful
Some time I will tell the boys of
a panther that
one,
was shot, not over ten
rods from our eabin door. -
N.
Girandfather
in Ohio Farmer.
i -
How Ocean Cables are
Fished Up.
The machinery used for picking a
cable in both deep and shallow water is
It con-
and a
of the most simple description.
sists of a rope about an inch
with interwoven wires of fine
the grapnel at the end is merely
shaft of iron
weighing about 100 pounds, and pro-
to six blunt hooks, which
very much resemble the partly closed
fingers of the human hand. In picking
up the cable in deep water, the Minia,
after the near the
break, lets out her rope and grapnel,
hemp,
steel ;
some feet long,
a solid
longed in
reaching waters
then takes a course at right angles to
the cable and at some distance from the
fracture, so that the broken
slip through the
attached
end may
not grapnel, the
rope is to a
dynamometer, which exactly measures
the the
unerringly the
If the grapnel fouls a rock t
i
strain on rope, and shows
when cable has been
caught. he
strain rises very suddenly and to a higl
the ol
being known, dynamometer
exact weight the
the
point ; but
cable
which far
and certainty with
the cable,
The
which the cables are picked up in these
Awhile
Angl
pany was caught wit
hold on
below,
15
very
vase
days is amazing.
Ago One
the lines of the
trouble at a
L (Qu §
4 gUan
Ath
i. who has won great
is
i
middle
depth of two and er miles, near
the antic, Captain
faune for his skill and ingenuity in cable
picked up the
St. Pierre,
the time
matters, but recently
French cable 180 miles of
and in four hours from the
cable was spliced and in good working
condition,
The splicing is a work of grea deligacy
skill, shed by
trained
i
and and when accompli
fingers, the *‘spliced
scarcely be distinguished from the mai
cord. So rapid has been the improve.
ment in perfecting the modern cable, that
4
the resistance to the electric currect has
been reduced to one quarter of what it
i1 3
was twenty while ti
of
sages double
Vears ago, e duplex
system sending and receiving mes.
the capacity of every new
The
He 18 about
cable laid, working age of the
modern cal thirteen vears
Punishment for Adulteration of
Food in London in the
Middle Ages.
In the “Memorials of London’ we
find that, in 1311, a baker was arrested
for selling putrid bread, and in 1316 an-
other baker was sentenced to be drawn
on a hurdle through the principal streets
of the city for selling *‘light bread, defi
cient in weight ;*’ and in the same vear
the punishment of the pillory was in-
flicted upon a man and a woman
selling bread of ‘rotten materials’
deficient iu weight.
for
and
In 1319, a certain
William Spelyng was adjudged to be
put upon the pillory, and two putrid
beef carcasses to burnt under
him for exposing the said carcasses for
sale ; and in 1320 we find two
similar to the proceeding. In 1'48 and
1353, the punishment of the pillory was
inflicted for selling carrion-—in one case
the meat being burnt under the offend
er.
as to the sale of fish,
be
CASES
In 1351, proclamations were issued
In 144, a
of unsound wine was punished by being
made to drink it. In the following
year the punishment of the pillory was
inflicted] upon for selling
putrid pigeons, In 1372, a woman was
punished for selling putrid soles; the
fish was ordered to be burnt, and the
cause of her punishment proclaimed ;
and we find another case of punishment
by the pillory in 1381, for exposing pu-
tric pigeons for sale. In 1390, twelve
barrels of eels were ordered to be tuken
out of the city, and buried in some
place underground, lest the air might
become infected through the steuch
arising therefrom. Aun important procls-
mation against the adulteration and
mixing of wines was issued by Henry
V. in 1419, and the punishment of the
pillory was ordered for all who sold
false wines. If a few examples similar
to the above kind were made at the
present day, they would be of infinite
service to the community,
piste bso
This is. the diffe nce between the |
much talked of speculation in enoutch-
ote and i game of whist: Ofie WHO
ner in rubber, and the other is a rubber
seller
i poultere
in a covuer,
THE DAYS GONE BY.
Oh, the days gone by! Oh, the days gone
by!
The apples iuthe orchard and the pathway
inh the rye;
The chirrup of the robin, and the whistle
of the quail
As he piped across the meadows sweet as
any nightingale;
When the bloom was on the clover, and
the blue was in the sky,
And my happy heart brhnmed over—in
the days gone by !
In the days gong by, when my naked feet
were trip; od
the honeysuckle tangles where the
water-lilies dipped,
And the ripples of the rives lipped the
moss along the brink
Where the placid-oyed
cattle came to drink,
And the titing snipe stood fearless of the
truant's wayward cry,
And the splashing of the swimmer, in the
days gong by
By
and lazy-footed
Oh, the days gone
gone by |
The music of the laughing lip, the luster of
the aye;
The childish faith in fairies, and Aleddin’s
magic ring:
The simple, soul-reposing, glad belief in
everything
For life was like a story, holding neither
sob nor sigh, :
In the golden, olden glory of the days
Rone by
by! Oh, the days
-—-
Agricultural and Statistical.
Selection of a Farm.
There are many things to be consider-
ed in the selection of a farm. To the
rich gentleman who wishes to retire
from the noise and tumult of city life,
a farm has a different méaning than to
the poor man who must toil daily for
maintenance of himself and family,
The former will look through golden
eye-glasses and seek for luxuries in the
while the
life,
individual taste rule
country, latter must obtain
The one will let
the
=
the necessities of
in choice, the
$e i
substantial
other asks himself, the best
farn-
rules can be given
rich man who buys a farm
purpose of spending money,
the
one who seeks to make al
and, there are some wo
The size of a fa
t! » BYR ITY © Fess v rast} i
LE CRACILY Of Ti IOCEEL-DOOK,
young iarmers
*Eyyq wit) pre la
buving with little
to
binds a
a large fi
for it. Ther
as a
pay 1s nothing that so
It
eats the very heart out of the farmer,
man heavy mortgage
and hangs like
every
dre
and
a leaden weight upon
%
aspiration of his wife and chil.
It is
have
As
invested in
better to buy a small farm
enough capital to work it
the surplus increases, it may
ber
a
HOT BROTes, or ili
Letter those that have
proved profitable. There
size below which many of the economies
culture of
already is A
of the farm can not be practiced to the
best advantage, and on the other hand
there
acreage where the most profitable farm
ing
It
considerable executive ability
is danger of going bevond that
may Ie earried on.
10 man-
age
men
which
a large farm, and therefore many
are excluded from such by a luck
not fully
trial has been made and
HAs
they
the
apprecials
until
£ recorded,
Farming is not like
v i ff $ 3
taking of a citadel,
ailure
he
done su rush
cessfully with a
“wr
t is a thoughtful and steady working
out from well-laid plans
crops, and the bead must be clear that
wins where the seat of a campaign for a
lifetime covers townships or even square
The
and it
miles, soil
farming.
Kinds of crops that it is desired to raise,
The differences in the nature and ca-
pacities of sand and clay should be un
derstcod, amd a favorable mixture of
the two obtained if there is an opportu-
nity for choosing. A rich soil with
al once, but it may be as profitable to
The farm house is to be the
home of the family, and therefore the
locality for the farm should be health
ful. The richest land for the price may
be on the border of a malaria-breeding
swamp, but the proiits of the invest.
ment may be more than balanced by
the doctor's bills and loss of time, not
to mention the discomfort of fevers in
It is important that
tion,
all farms, both for the family and the
livestock,
tions that no farmer should overlook ia
muking a choice of a farm. He lives
uot to himselt alone ; the children need
the privileges of good schools, ete, : in
short, the community should be one in
which sympathy, goo lunes and intell's
Renee prevails,
With a good farm of proper size,
healthfully located, abundantly sup.
plied with water, good neighbors, und a
handy market, « wan is so well situated
that he ought to make himself and
those sround him happy. Choose well,
and bold on to the choice, «Amer on
Agricultura,
Ea
Nearly one-third of all the sugar sold
ou the English market is beet sugar,
Mr. C. F, Cobb, of Leeds, Me., raised
the past season, from about one acre,
population than any other country on
the globe,
Thre has been an increase in the ime.
portation of butter and butterine juto
the United Kingdom, and a decrease in
the importations of cheese,
Across the water the Shorthorn
tor of the Ficld insinuates that Short-
{ hor blood was the tht
creased the size of the polled cattle,
edi-
eleroent ine
Statistics place the shortage of wheat
in Grreatl Britain at 136,008,000 bushels.
The shortage of the oats crop of this
country is placed at 1,000,000,
Mr. W. H. Francis, of Frankfort,
Mich., realized $145 for the first three
crops from teu Hale's Early peach trees,
which are still in thrifty condition.
In the lastten years Lancaster county,
Pa., has produced 142,000,000 pounds
of tobacco, The annual profits on to-
bacco alone in that county is estimated
at $3,000,000,
It has been ascertained at the Granby
(Conn.) creamery that it takes
milk to make an inch
cream, and an inch of cream makes a
pound of butter,
ten
quarts of of
An order was recently given to a Bos-
ton dealer for fifty cans of skim milk to
be used in the manufacture of a wash
for the extermination of insects on the
orange trees in Florida,
A Montreal dealer ships tomatoes to
England, where they bring good prices,
The taste for tomatoes has been acquir-
ed, but the Edglish climate will always
be too cold for them to ripen,
The Jowrnal of Agriculture says that
is
the
lar,
kets not only railroad
causing
people to sweat under the col but thie
canned owe crowd is
kick.”
din
Joining in the
London purple is better adapted to
vi
Hghting the (
ANKEr worin on apple trees
it
the cause with
than is Paris Tee dissolves in
water, which is Paris
¥idst
ON
green, and the former is, therefore, more
evenly distributed,
It is a severe calamity to any agricul-
tural country not to be the producer
x a 1 11 3 i 43
is own wool, All the varieties produci-
* in the world are equally producible
: SAXONY «
woduce no finer,
To cure warts on cows
Abbott, of Maine,
ssturate Lt)
H.
recommends to
mr.
LARS
(x.
win three times a week with
short
Caving
Kerosene oil, and in a UUme they
will all be gone, the skin
smooth and free from soreness,
If a cow's hind feet are tied together
she cannot kick. t
some trouble for a time, but
will make the row
the mind
| of the milker will be sec ure and
After
cord on each leg will be enough.
AF Ark.
} i and ties and
HES ARIZ RIng
taking
Undine
turbed, a few weeks a slight
ort Smith oil mill farn-
gins cotton,
the
seed alone as compensation.
A very few years since cotton seed came
P very near being considered worthless,
except for manure for the next erop of
Cotton,
The population of the United
States is 12.611. 148, or about one cow’
to every four people. This only includes
COW
milch cows, and their value is estimated
at $40,500,500, an average of $27 per
head, based upon their prices in differs
ent States,
Dear as corn has been it well pays to
feed it moderately to cows giving milk,
Butter is proportionably as dear as corn,
and a feed of the latter affects the but-
ter product, both in quantity and quali-
ty, even more than it does the flow of
milk,
Dr. Hoskins, of Vermont, writes to
the Rwral Yorker that he has
fruited and compared the three sup
owed distinet varieties of Russian ap-
ples known Grand Sultan, Yellow
| Transparent and Charlottenhaler, and
{ finds them identical,
| The advantages of breeding from
| polled rams, says a Missouri shepherd
1: an exchange, are that the animals
fight less, are never fly-blown around
New
horns, are more conveniently
The branding of cattle as now prae-
| ticed in the West is pronoucned by the
| Shoe und Leather Reporter to be a crite,
| That there is much unnecessary cruelty
and much wanton destruction of hides
| in the way this work is generally done
heyond question.
An Towa correspondent of the Ge
mantown Telegroph makes his granary
distasteful to rats by “‘daubing all the
angles on the outside of the building
with hot pinetar for the width of three
or four inches, and also any seam or
crack where a ral or mouse can stand
to gnaw,’ !
The following are the messurcments
which were lately examined: Lamb,
‘nehes : old ewe, Southdown, 100 feel
8 inches: old Leicester ran, 117 fee.
8 inches, when the intestines are pulled
On a erabberey farm at Hyannis,
Mass, $40,000 worth of cranberries
have been sold this season. and £7000
i
busy ‘work during the Lime so occupied,
and, «after. the crop is gathered the
the fruit,
A new white potato, called the Duke
England,
Hebron. Most of
our
as American farmers who have planted
is largely grown, are ruining the honey
product of the neighborhivod. The bees
like this food, but no human being has
been discovered who appreciates the
product,
very disagreeable odor,
A writer in the Fruit Recorder makes
planted some cabbage plants among his
corn where the corn missed, and the
butterflies did not find them. He has
therefore. come to the conclusion that if
the cabbage patch were in the middle
of the com-field the butterflies would
not find thetn, as they fly low and like
plain salling.
When pigs do not thrive and try to
eal gravel or earth it is a symptom of
indigestion. They are probably vers
wh ’ od] :
fexd Reduce their food one-half. Give
two pigs half a pint ef sweet oil or lin-
for
three days, and as they recover gradual-
seed onl in the food dails two or
i¥ give them a little dry corn in addi-
tion to their other food. Some char-
Service, and may Ix
wn of sheep made iy
Li seotiand
point which even old tlockinasters have
surpassed,
miished at
ghilands of has reach
not seen Sellers ate often
ast the prices they receive,
while buyers are paying prices at which
wold
This
have been appalled a vear
i5 especially true of Jesir-
Willie Lhe
of
¢ y 3
UOC HK | LOGIN
all gra ies decent
Inution
In doing up wool the fleece should Ix
and easy to handle,
the fleece on the table, turn in the
inspect and
tail and and roll it
The
flanks, up,
with
two strings to keep the roll
one about the
4
laid in grooves
plac ©,
The
sawed
ends,
yee n
into the folding platform. =o that the
fleece can be tied quickly
The
laud
greater part of the soil of Eug-
has been under cultivation for a
thousand years, and yet the land is richer
and the crops more prolific than they
Why, then,
shipild 50 many thousand of Acres in
many sections of this country have be-
%0 greatly deteriorated in pro-
A comparatively few
years 7 Careless and unskilled culture
hus necessarily be the answer
It is a well-known fact that trees
along highways, trees in towns and
¢ilies, trees in groves amidst agricul-
bral regions render the atmosphere
purer. They, by their foliage, absorb
burtful gases, which would otherwise
be breathed by the inhabitants of the
densely populated cities, thereby modi-
fying diseases, lessening the dangers of
eppdemies, and inal ways improving
the healthfulness of communities,
were a thousand years ago
COI
ductiveness in
A variety of tobacco has lately come
intd sé which isicalled “hybrid** to-
bacep. | Tt fs & cross bét ween: seeddeal
and Havind, Sod” produces” leaves of
smallish size but of excellent quality,
The plants are set out nearer together
in the field than is usual with. seed-leaf
varieties, and in that way the yield of
the hybpld falls little if any below that
of the sesddesf. The usual distance
for setting the plants is about 16 inches
iu the row, and the rows 3 feet apart.
elleganding the Crescent strawberry,
Mr." B. Engle, of Beaver county, Pa.
ys bo finds it larger and handsomer
than the Wilson, and escapes the spring
froste “better than any other Variety.
One reason why some growers condemn
it is because they allow the plants to
run freely anc cover the bed with a
dense growte: of leaves, When subject
to hill culture it becomes a different
fruit, varying from pistillate to stami-
nate in blossom, according to soil and
“It takes close observation and con
stant study to make a practical and in-
telligent bee-beeper.” Good advice as
far as it goes. One needs te be fortified
with a good stock of resolutencss and
that kind of pluck which doesn't easily
woenmb to adverse circumstances even
t aiite, ot ’
has on
he of
keeper's tact render the busines
what precarious one,
Aes i
ca a— A I TANS
In England a ram is often rented for
more than the price obtained at sales
for others, For the services of the ram
Little Lord over
and the next season $420 was realized.
For the services of the Shropshire ram
Hero $630 was paid, and others
obtained nearly as high sums. While
these prices are seemingly high for
.
$250 was paid in 1872,
many
one
season's services, it may be stated that
for
invest
sires sell
very high prices, making the
Science and Invention.
Facts About Mother of Pearis.
This beautiful
used
metal, which is
kinds of
chiefly
“0
in many artistic
productions, is obtained from
the pear! oysters (Meleagrina murgari-
which (sulf of
Panama and Colagua. at
NWAnR
tifera are found in the
at the
the
Ceylon and Madagascar,
Manilla,
The lipped muscles
Manilla bring the best prices,
The Society Islands produce the silver-
river in and at SOc iety
Islands. black
from
Panama the so-
The
colors exhibited
and
* Bullacks,
tints and
mother-of-pearl are due to
lipped muscles,
peculiar and
by
struct-
called
the
ure of the surface, which is covered by
innumerable fine plates—often several
thousands to the inch—which break up
the
flect it in all different tints,
The square or
sawed out with a small saw, the piece
rays of light falling on it, and re-
Angular pces are
being held in the hand or clamped in a
vise. Buttons and similar round pieces
are cut with a crown saw attached to a
spindle. All the
working mother-of-pearl must be kept
tools empioved in
continually moist to prevent their stick
ing fast. The
shaped on a j
which
Pieces are generally
lishing stone, the rian of
must be ribbed to avoid daabing
The
must be kept wet while in use ;
and smearing, stone, of course,
Werk
soapsuds works better than water alone,
When the pieces have been brought to
the proper shape on the stone, they are
then polished with pumice
In
piece
ana waler.
Hany it
of
article
CASES 15 well to shape the
pumice 80 as to fit the form of
he to be polished, and then the
be i
Lasiensd
rotated In a lathe
It
powdered pumice on a Cork or wet
Mer can 0a hand amd
is afterward polished with finely
esr
ag,
while the final polishing is done with
English tripoli, moistened with dilute
‘
id. The brings out
the structure of the pearl very
fully,
to
sulphuric a acid
beauti-
In many articles it is necessary
use emery before the
3
tN
tripoli
and then employ oil
is ap-
Plies of
id, Knife and razor handles have the
holes bored in them after they are
instead
a
cut
in the proper shape, and are then lightly
riveted together, polished on the stone,
and finished as before described.
In many workshops the polishing is
performed on
wet cloth which holds the polishing ma-
wheels covered with a
terial. For common work some pul-
verized chalk or Spanish white is sub-
stituted for the English tripoli,
Mother-of-pear] is frequently etched
like copper. - The design is put on with
asphalt varnish, which protects the
parts that are to be etched, and the
piece is then put in nitric acid. When
the exposed portions have been suffi
ciently corroded hy the acid the
8 ticle is rinsed with water and the
varnish dissolved off with turpentine or
benzole. Thin pieces of pear] which are
to have the same shape are glued to-
gether and all cut and bored at once
like a single piece, and afterward sepa.
rated by putting them in hot water. In
ordinary inlaid work of mother-of-pearl,
scales or very thin pieces of pearl are
fastened on iron or some foundation.
ususally made of papier mache. with
Japanese varnish. The plate is first
cleansed and dried, then coated with
varuish j when the latter is nearly dry
cut pieces of mother-of-pearl are pressed
into the varnish by the artist so as to
adhere to it. The plate is then baked
in an oven until the vamish hardens,
when a second coating is put over the
entire article, which is then polished
again,
tl smiona
Wigs Coming into Fashion Use.
A wig-maker talked me into a secret
the other day. It was becoming fash.
imable, he said, for women to wear
wigs. Wigs are not worn to cover
baldness or because even the hair is
caution against aceident. A woman
who has straight hair is just now out of
fashion as far as head goes. She must
crimp her hair and paste it into little