I WORLD OVER. W^jl I | I | -7O any observing tourist who might journey around the globe the various types of sea and river craft that he would see on such a trip are as dis tinctive as are the costumes of many «if the countries he would travel through. Few Americans there are who are not famil iar with our present styles of water craft, such tis the common row bout and sailing yachts, but there are many who, if told that these boats set ■down 011 some foreign stream would excite con siderable curiosity, would be greatly surprised. However, if they would stop to consider that these beats were evolved from the primitive cralts of our forefathers and that the various ■condition in different landb would make these lioits impracticable, the surprise would be some what icnvi'.eiod. let us consider the gondola of Italy, re nowned in song and story, The gondola has probabiy been drawn oltener than any other lioat on record. Crunk and black and dismal, with the bright steel beak on the lofty prow, this boat (!o<-s not appeal so successfully to the nau tical mind as it would seem to do to the artistic and poetical one. Hut on the miles of canals In the city of Venice this craft is peculiarly adaptable. The gondola was formerly the only means of getting about the city, but it is now be ing displaced in part by small launches. The ordinary gondola is ::0 feet long and four or five feet wide, and is flat-bottomed so that the draft Is light. The bottom rises slightly above the water at the ends, while at the bow and st< rn slender ornamental stem and stern pieces reach to about the height of a man's breast. There is ■a covered shelter for passengers in the middle rf the boat which is easily removable, in ac cordance with mediaeval regulation gondolas are painted black. The gondolier stands erect with his face toward the bow and propels the boat with a forward stroke, making his way through the narrow and often crowded canals with amaz ing dexterity. 'i hroughout the islands of the Pacific the ca noe is a common sight. Strictly speaking the canoe is a light boat designed to be propelled by a paddle held in the hands without any (ixed support, although in some cases canoes may be sfen that have an auxiliary sail to be used under favorable conditions. The canoes most commonly seen in the waters of the Hawaiian islands are built from a single tree trunk hollowed out with an outrigger as seen In the illustration. Wonderful sailors, too, are the natives who in them often undertake long sea voyages far out of the sight of land, and passing from one island to another. The canoes of Samoa are built of several pieces of wood of Irregular shape fastened to gether and cemented with gum to prevent their leaking. The coasts of the mainland of Siam, Burmah and China also swarm with canoes. While the catamaran is a type of water craft that may be seen in several countries, each type a* a rule has its distinctive features. Tbe cata maran is a favorite of the Chinese fisherman and the larger streams of that oriental country are well populated with these boats. They are con structed of two narrow canoes fastened together and propelled from the stern with a long, narrow oar. In its; original form the catamaran consisted of three logs, the middle one being the longest, lashed together. It was used by the natives of Ihe Coromandel coast, particularly Madras, and also in the West Indies and on the coast of South America. The Fiji islanders developed the catamaran idea in their war canoes, which consist of two parallel logs joined together with a platform on which a mast is placed. These boats are safe and also very swift. The flying proa of the Ladrone islanders is another type of the catamaran made with two hulls cf unequal size. The larger hull, which car ries tbe rigging, is perfectly flat'on one side and rounded on the other. On this are placed bam boo poles projecting beyond the rounded Eirte, and to their ends is fastened a boat-shaped log one-half or one-third the size of the larger hull. This prevents capsizing as effectually as the Fiji double canoe. Roth ends of the proa are made alike, and the boat is sailed with either end first; but the out-rigger is always to windward. Against a head of wind the proa is kept away till the stern approaches the wind, when the yard WHY THE BOY WAS BAPTIZED At a little luncheon give;-, on the day before bis departure for Europe to Joseph Cowen, the Knglish Zionist, the subject of apostasy came up and one man, to illustrate its prevalence, related that only a few days ago the first child in the home of one of New York's wealthiest Jews had been baptized because "the parents hoped by that means to remove an obstacle in the way of the boy's progress." This recalled to another man at tbe table a story told at Uasle by tbe lute is swung around, and what was the stern be comes the bow. Proas are from 40 to 65 feet long and six or seven feet wide, and are said to attain a speed of 20 miles an hour. The junk is the distinctive type of Chinese marine architecture, a somewhat unprogressive science among the celestials. Even before the Christian era, John Chinaman voyaged from port to port in vessels of this build and rig. The sails are made of matting and are reefed in much the same way as a Venetian blind is raised. The junk is built along the lines of an oriental slipper with the curved keel for the sole and the drop aft for the heel. The com mon river boat or sampan is on the even more familiar mcdel of the inverted fiat iron. The modern large junk is a good sea boat and will ride a severe typhoon in safety. On the streams of India may be seen a type of rowboat which somewhat resembles our American craft. It is, however, of clumsy con struction and the oars, which are lashed to wooden uprights fastened to the sides of the boat, overlap each other. The natives, however, are expert in the handling of the craft. In southeastern India, near the Strait Set tlements, an odd sailing craft may be found. This vessel is rigged with four sails, the larger one set slightly to the front of the center, while two others of still smaller design are set one at the prow and the other midway between the two. The smallest of the sails is rigged at the stern and is intended to aid in steering the craft. On the rivers of England and Ireland may be seen several types of the wherry, which is very popular In these waters. Oars are used to aid the single sail in the smaller boats of this type but the Portsmouth wherry, used in the open sea, has a mainsail and rejoices in a topmast and a topsail. The Turkish caique is a familiar object in the Sea of Marmora and among the islands of the Aegean. She is distinguished by her peculiar mainsail, which is a combination of a fore-and aft sail and a square sail. Pages of interesting reading miKht be written of the many peculiar boats' which may be found the world over. While the essential principle of boat-building must necessarily be similar, vari ous nations and tribes have developed the Idea along different lines until to-day the various styles and types of water craft can be numbered by the hundreds. Dr. Thoodor Herzl. At a dinner party, so went the story, given by Mr. Stocksen Ronds, a preco cious child asked the father: "Do all people turn into Jews when they grow old?" "No, my boy." answered the father, who had renounced his faith and become a Christian before the little fellow was born; "no, my boy. why do you ask?" "Well, father, we children are all Christians, you and mother are Christians, but grandfather, who juat came from Russia, he's an awful Jew." ! PUREJXFEjjj^I^ FIXING OLD CHAIRS HOUSEKEEPER GIVES POINTER ON ECONOMY. Declares Work Is as Much Fun ao Fit ting a Dress, and Explains Meth ods Which She Found Successful. "Re-covering an upholstered chair with pretty new material its as much' fun as fitting a dress," observed an ingenious housekeeper. She speaks from very recent experience, fur rhe lias just finished re covering an entire family suite. "My furniture wasn't in had cc<n ditlon," she hastened to ray. "It was merely shabby. So 1 ripped the old covers off and cut new ones by them. "Tape:,try is remarkably chtTfip, 1 found, and the clerks were very Di'O about letting me lay my oitf covers ou the material to see just how inwh 1 , wanted. One can't make odds and ends of furniture tapestry tip info neckties, you see, so it is foolish to j buy an inch more than one needs. "The reason 1 had such success in covering my set is that I was very exact about the work, and had ail the materials that I needed right at hand before I started out. There were a few hollow places in the upholstery, where the filling had matted together or sunk in, so I had plenty of wadding to fill them out. Then I bought enough cotton cloth to cover the old lies Jig before putting on my new tapestry cover. Putting this on gave me expe- 5 rience so that I worked much kietter I when I came to tack on the actual I outside cover. The wadding that 1 ' used went between the old liniug awl . the new. "One could cover right over the <ld 112 tapestry, and.in fact, I did one chair I that was still in good shape that way. i 1 had some cheesecloth which I pinned < over the chair very carefully, and then j ; cut out as a pattern, allowing plenty j for turning in at the edges. "Cutting and lining the cover Is the disagreeable part c? the task. Actually putting it on is slow work, but not fit all tiresome. Th" best, way is to lay it in position on the seat of tha chair! and pin it firmly in place at the (>aek j edge. Then stretch it as firmly as j i you can and putin plenty of pins along j j the front. Now pin the sides across,' | working over it until every wrinkle > is removed. "I was very careful with nry f'urni- j ture to have all the corners folded alike. When the cover is pinned as j smoothly as possible, cut along the ] edge, leaving about an inch to turn in, and use more pins to fold it in | with, if the material is not too r?v- j elly, this turning in isn't necessary, be- ( cause the guimpe will cover it. "Uuimpe will-cover a multitude of j IN NOVELTY BORDERED , Material That Demands Much Care in the Fashioning. It requires some Ingenuity to fash- ' lon the novelty bordered silks into ef- | fective gowns. The average dress in! ".ser is apt to make a failure of «hetn ! unless she uses judgment in follow- ( ing out the models presented by the j best designers. The skirts offer fewer ! difficulties than the waists, witich should have the colored border without giving it a patchwork ef fect. Nothing could be more charming along this line than the suggestion given here, which shows a clever * ' I manipulation of wide bordered foul ard. The groundwork of the silk is a solid color, and this serves for the body part of the waistv while the deep Kgyptjan border trims the top, bot'i back and front, and makes th« sleeves. I The unique feature of the cfesigan is | the way ihe waist part :tmd the ! sleeves are made all in one piece, giv , ing that long, continuous l'in<e to- the I shoulders which is characteristic of ; j kimono costumes, yet eliminates the broad sleere part. Between the top of the handsome | border running across the front and the back there 1b space £<»n a. white sins, and I think it give.! a pretty fin ish besides. If guirnpe isn't, used, one needs brass-headed tacks to fasten the material down with. Otherwise coin mon lacks can be used, and one needn't be too careful about distances. I used carpet tacks to finish the thick er plaits. For the guimpe, it is best to get. the tiny upholstery tacks, and one must put them in at exactly even intervals to give the right finish. I had a piece of cardboard to measure* by and I marked the intervals with chalk on the frame of the chair. "Tufting the seat of a chair is al most impossible for amateurs, so 112 didn't attempt it, but I found a fine way to tuft the arms of my sofa. 1 saved the old buttons, and before send ing them to be recovered with bits of the new tapestry, I drove a sharp sti.-el brad through the center of each O:JC. Thou I measured the distances ior !he places where thiy should go, marked each one with a p! ce of tailor's chalk, and drove the button into placo with the hammer." MADE UP IN NORFOLK STYLE. Pretty Costume for Young Lady of from 11 to 13 Years of Age. Serge, fine tweed, or cloth is gener* ally used for a costume of this de scription. Our model is in a navy blu* diagonal serge. The skirt is arranged in deep plaits turning from the center front. The jacket is the regulation Nor folk, and is lined with striped silk; fancy enameled buttons are used for fastening. White straw hat trimmed with a large how of blue silk. Materials required: yards serge and 3 yards lining silk. I j lace finiinpe. This reaches quite to ' the lips of the shoulders and Is j crossed in bracer fashion by straps ot velvet ribbon which hold the two bor dered pieces together. Alcohol for Oily Skin. An oily skin is one of the most hu ! miliating thing one can have, it is I simply impossible for a girl to look j sweet and dainty when her skin is oily. An oily skin seems to gather up all the dust in the air, and for that ivason it is «n undesirable possession if for no other reason. Then when the nose becomes oily it shines like a beacon of light. | Wipe the skin once or twice a day, j as the necessity arises, with a little | diluted alcohol. Dora?: also is excel j lent, although one should always be i careful not to use too much of this. A few drops of ammonia in the water occasionally will help, but a pinch of borax added to the warm water is the better of the two. After wiping the skin with the di luted alcohol powder it light.y but thoroughly with a good and pure face powder, and the skin will appear much less oily. Good Nature a Beautifier. Good nature is one of the best beai?- tifiers one could employ, for it bright ens dull eyes, discourages approach ing wrinkles, and brings a dainty pink fliiKh to your cheeks. It doesn't mat ter if you have a freckle or two or if your eyelashes are scraggly; if yo» have a happy, smiling face people wilJ always call you pretty. This doesn't mean that you must present! to every one a mechanical smile which you can turn on or off at. will, but it means that you must just be good natured, and* soon you will notice that your eyes are laughing eyes, and that your mouth makes a dainty Cupid's bow ■whenever you smilo-. One of the first things to' remember in beauty culture is expression. Every one enjoys seeing a young or old" woman with a bright Bmile and happy [eyes, while the grumpy or whiny wom an makes you want to run your fast is! in the opposite direction.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers