2 ' THE COLUMBIAN. BLOOVldftURO. Pa ill How Trninboy's histincl Developed t!;c Inventor. ins sTAia in uv-n try Kwrj ll.lng ii.nl Aiij Ihir.jj vn II.' Mulln Ills Indomitiiblc Ac 'hit nnil Continual "Monkeying ,1i'oiii:d" Mas Keen of liualcirnlilo in lit to All .Vanklnd. (' -there cr vast possibilities In '. unit? word. If Thomas AHn Kd n r.ud become n humorist, In-Mead i.i Invt'iitor, what a difference It v k,1 liavu Hindi, to tin world. fortunately lor the world (he In quiring spirit of the 1 iy gained the sceti.lency over his ;,ocor.o Inclina tions. Uu was forever asking his father the reason for thin and that, and when, in very desperation and tliinkltiK frankness the better policy, the unhappy parent would answer "I don't krow," the boy would red lire klm to Htlll further depths of dis traction by instantly demanding, "Why don't you know ?" At the age ol 14 he was candy butcher, iiuwrfpupor eultor and elec trical experimenter, all on board a train; by the tiai - he was 18 ho had become a "tramp" telegraph opera tor with a notable record lor speed: t tho a of 22 he was a full-fledged lnventoi. seillnrf his stock-! lckcr for $4(1,000 w iilclt sum hi; carried anoiit with hi in for two days, afraid to entrust It to a bank. Many stories are told of his lri- VV VV-. THOMAS A. EDISON, -omltable activity. While he was develop'ng tho autoniatlo telegraph, he needed a solution which would give a chemically prepared paper upon which characters coald be re corded at a speed greater than 200 words f minute. He ate at his desk and ttlept In his chair, until lie bad found the formula. Ultimately he succeeded in recording 3,100 words minute. The electric light, wiilch followed bis telephone experiments, afforded an even more striking Illustration of this persistency In hunting for the thing. In this case It was a filament that would hold out to burn like the proverbial candle. He tried silicon and boron and a host of other ma terials. Finally he got some ordi nary cotton thread and carbonized it. When It lit up ho and his, as sistants watched It breathlessly for more than forty hours would It last? It lasted and they saw that carbon was what they were after What kind of carbon was the next question. Trying various things, they at last carbonized a strip of bamboo from a Japanese fan and found they were on the right track. Even then Kdison sent a schoolmas ter to Sumatra and another fellow up the Amazon, while William H. Moore, one of hla associates, went to Japan to get what was wanted. The earch for a suitable filament for the lertrlc lamp cost somewhere about $100,000. The human touch which character ised every achievement of the "Wiz ard." whom Imaginative Journalists pictured as dwelling In a cave of marvels more wonderful than any ;;:hemlst's retreat, Is shown In the story of the first phonograph. The model had Just been completed, and Carmen, tho foreman of Edison's Machine shop, unable to believe what he haj been told, bet Edison a box of cigars that the thing wouldn't work. The Inventor good-huHiored-ly accepted the wager, and with a mile slowly turned the handle of the machine, speaking Into the re . caiver the first verre of "Mary had a little Iamb." Then the cylin der was turned back, and "faint but distinct, came back the words of that Juvenile classic faithfully repeated 1? Edison's familiar tones." The klnetoscope, the magnetic ore separator, the method of turning rock and limestone into cement, the build ing of solid concrete houses by moulds, all these inventions have interesting stories connected with them. Edison has been by far the most prollflo Inventor and patentee f any time, having filed more than 1.200 applications in America alone. There are typewrite, electric pen, vocal engines, addressing machines, methods of preserving fruit, cast iron manufacture, wire-drawing, electrical locomotives, making plate alum, compressed air apparatus and many other things """" t&em. f I. .... it . v .... v VAN A MA'S MUST MACADAM. rhroiiKh llfTort of CniiiU Offlrlnla There Arc Now Two Miles. Across the Isthmus of Panama no road wide enough for a cart ha.i ex isted In many a year, nijs C. Mor ton Dnmo In Good Uonds. Pathways through the tropic Jungle, trails broad tnoiigh to penult the passage of horso and rldtr, have sencd the purposes of thons who had to go to pluces there which were not along the railroad or the rivers. The first step toward tho construct ion of a good roa.l here was that of the Canal Zone officials. They have thrown open a public highway from Culel itt to Empire City, a distance of two mlep. Itefore this was opened to traffic: ! no way of going from one of these . places to the other was open, except i a tuero path beside the railroad; and j that wad by no means easy. Much trnfllc has gone ocr this road since H was opened to the pub lic. Some one has written that "this road Is abnlute!y uselivs, except for pleasure riders," This is untrue. The road is a necessity. Among other uses, It affords tho only way by which meat may be brought from the slaughter-house, whkh Is beside the road. It will servo many other uses necessary to expeditious business here. I'ccOiiig Ct:!l r.eans to I log Tho hos will make a pound of gain on less food than almost any livestock and he Is a grent utilizer of farm waste; nevertheless, t;o man should attempt to raise hogs as a business even In a small way without adequate pasture. Experi ments from Mississippi to Michigan are noted. In pasturing and feeding, Including the use of alfalfa, rape clover, cowpeas, cullbeans. cornmeal etc. in connection with cull-bean feeding, It Is suggested that salt is an appetizer and renders the rod more palatable and It also possesses laxative qualities. For pcu feeding. It Is stated that It Is best to have the water content of the ration below the daily requirement and then let the animal have access to water at will, or supply it regularly. For, if the food la exceedingly sloppy, the pig Is compelled to consume unnat urally large quantities of the ration, in order to satisfy lils bodily needs. This distends the stomach, unbalan ces the whole digestive system, and makes a paunchy, 111 formed animal, which at slaughtering time yields a very low per cent, of profitable car cass. Corner Post Set in Concrete- Dig the hole for the corner post about 6 Inches larger thai, the post and put a few bricks In the bottom. Set the post in the center and fill In the Intervening space with cement. CORNER POST SET IN CONCRETB rounding it up well at the top. Let the post stand for a week befori stretching wire. Such a post will be found to last longer and be more solid Lettuce During Winter. It Is but little trouble to have lettuce on any farm during the en tire winter. I bow the Beed thinly In the open ground early In the fall and when severe weather comes on trans plant into cold frames, covering when very cold with glass, cloth or boards. The board frame should be banked up with earth and during real cold weather It Is well to give an addi tional covering of straw mats or rough fodder. Those never having tried to grow lettuce In this way will be agreeably surprised to learn how little time and trouble It re quires to give the family abundant supply of this wholesome relish. It is a much hardier plant than most people suppose. Indiana Farmer. Vuluo of Breeds. The value of breeds is ' greater than Is known to some. Formerly it was considered necessary to keep a steer until 4 or years old before ending to market, but with the use of Improved breeds steers can now be marketed at 2 or 8 years of age, and will be heavier than those of twice that age that are not well bred. Good breeds save time and feed, increase the weight, and lead to higher prices. Guard Against Field Mice. Field mice do not attack old treea If they can get the bark of young treea, but they sometimes do much damage to orchards. Wrap the tree with tar paper, extending the paper evdral inches Into the ground. Thla method pot only prevents the depre datlona of mice, but also serves to proteot against the borers. The pap er need not extend over a foot above ground. 1 MANY QCEEH NKWSPArKlW. Journal for Which the Subscrip tion Price is Right Ducks a Year. In Switzerland there Is a newspa per especially for engaged couples. Agents all over the country collect particulars concerning young people who have become engnged to be mar ried, and their names addresses and particulars of their social position appear In the weekly Joarral. Every girl who Is thus mentioned receives the paper for one year free, says the London Tlt-Hita. the sub scribers to It being chiefly trades people who send advertisements of their broils to thos.e whose names ere w published. Rheumatism being such a univer sal omplalnt It is hardly to bo won wonlered at that there exists a pa per entirely for the benolt of the rheumatic sufferers. Thla Is published In Germany, and In It rheumatic patients discuss their iiympt'inis nnd tell of anything that has p'oved a relief to their pains, while medical men contribute arti cles to It on the different phases, symptoms and specie- of rheumatism and the progress which tho cure of rheumnti.' ui Is steadily making. Need less to say, most rheumatic patients make u point of seeing this strange print. There wuu staying In London re cently the editor of the only Illus trated paper In the whole of the Caucasus, who, therefore. Is In the happy position of having no compe titor. Ho Is said to have made ar rangements for the publishing of a world's mtniature postcard newspa per, the print of which will be bo small that the reader will bo sup plied with a magnifying glass In or der to master the contents. Greenland possesses one month ly Journal called the Kalorikmlt. It consists of a single sheet of three columns and Is published at God thaab, on the west coast of Green land. Three months, subscription to the paper takes the peculiar form of two ducks. A sable Bkln will pay for tho paper for a whole year. America is the land of eccentric names for newspapers. Imagine yourself asking at the bookstall for the Crowbar or the Missing Link, or the Tar-heel, or the Buzz Saw, or the Arakansas Thomas Cat. These are actually the titles of newspaper In the Stntes. Yet even these are hardly the worst, for among the list of papers In Alabama are tho Hot Llast, Spot Cash and Wire Grass Sitt ings. The people (of California are more or less proud of the Po mo Tropic, the Buzz, and the Ojar, while Colorado has the Rattler. Cows Horn Is Useful. Scientifically cow's born is a com bination of phosphate of lime, gela tin and albumen, and, like all na ture's products, the ingredients are in the right proportions to make the article useful to nan, as well as to the animal that bears it. The lime makes the horn hard, but there is Just enough lime to make it hard without making it brittle, and there Is Just enough gelatin to make the horn easy to cut and shape. The core of the. horn Is bone and to get that out the horn Is soaked In water for several woeks. When the core is taken out It is ground up and made into crucibles which are used for melting gold and silver In. The outer end of the horn Is hard and solid and that is used for mak ing knife handles and other things. The hollow part of the horn is soak ed for half an hour or so in boiling water, when it becomes soft and may easily be split with a knife. It is then spread out flat and put between iron plates. There is a time when these horn plates are made very thin by hard pressure, and used In windows and lanterns as we now use glass. They may be made quite translucent. When horn Is heated it may be molded into almost any desired form. That Is the way knife handles, but tons and other articles are made. Chicago News. Sins Against Our Eyes. The first effense against the eyes Is reading with a poor light. This requires the miliary muscle to do ex tra work to sharpen sight. It ap plies to dim light, twilight, sitting , tro far from the light. Tho second offense Is one of .jos- I turo stooping or lying down con- gests the eye, besides requiring un- I natural work of the eye muscles. Rending on trains Is our third of tetice, the motion causing such fre quent changes of focus and position as to tax the muscles of accommoda tion as well as the muscles of fixa tion. Reading without needed glasses or with badly fitted ones la the last. Eyestrain Is certainly a factor in producing disease of every part of the eye. Old age la the time of retribution for those who have sinned ugainst their eyes. From Health. A Fence of 2,030 Miles. After five years' work Australia'! great trans-continental rabbit proof fence has been completed. Its length Is 2,036 miles, and the cost of erec tion has been nearly 250,000. It Is furnished at interval! of five mllea with systems of trays, in which hun dreds of rabbits are captured and de stroyed daily. Inside the barrier their appears as yet no traoe of ttoelr presence. London Tit-Bits. Why does It always seem to rata harder on a Sunday . Just before church time than on a Saturday Juat before the matinee time! Poetry Worth Reading. I'nder Voiron. Pehold tho rose the peerless one, Sits laughing In the June day sunt Her kisses wide around she throws; !r'0 sweet nnd gracious her estate, All hearts on her with worship wait Put hark! A murmur upward grows; "It takes the wave of summer air, It gathers Increase everywhere. And to the dim horizon flows; "We grass -we wild (lowers of th plain. We lowly are, that thou mayst reign We are that thou mayst be The Rose!" Nn.v, while tills legionary sound The leafy commonwealth flowed round An I'nder Voire, In kindred tons, Was borne from out Life's garden I-'ror.i hearts unnumbered it arose; From spirit unto spirit blown. ;''::! Imperious It canv. 1' il in;; the Great In deed and fail'"; "Wo win no trophies, mount in throne; Pet foil your gifts, yo;ir v?lor bright; W. are the Tlark; ye are the Light- We are that ye may shlno til:iio!" C.a sum of Song whoe'er tho'i art Tho Tiuler Voice boats on thy heait. Crying: "No truth that thou mayst brlnjj livl-.uly to our wal'lng ears, (Whether It be full joy or tears) To us cuii come an alb n thins Py our humanity Impelled Thy thought to utterance la swelled, As draws the river from Its spring: We, though an unregarded thron;:, Are still thy fostering sourco of song And we are muto that thou msyst EDITH M. THOMAS.' The Poet's Pleasantry. i You man of shreds and patches, needle, thread. Won't you, please, come another t'.ay ? Those dunning visits drive me off my head; Reflect did you e'or know a poet pay? Why bother me, you butcher, grocer why? Tho age of miracles is long since o'er. Can dollars from an empty pocket fly? How many times I've told you that before. Plorfan pebbles will not yield you blood ' The Muse's mint Is drained to its extent, And what I earn I spend on dally food, For even bards must have some nutriment. You've other customers more prompt than I; I'm sure they'd pay it you made request; On them I think you might as well rely And let a hardworked poet have a rest. Yet some good faith I'd really like to show By writing each of you a tripping rhyme, Which may why, what's your hurry must you go? Good-by! I'll see you, p'r'aps, some other time! LA TOUCHE HANCOCK. Hong of the Winds. The winds they come like hounds of the night, And they will not let me be; Whirling the leaves in their wayward flight, Sweeping the bill and lea. What of their song when the bran ches sway, Ere the night shades lift to the dusk of day; A ship Is lost and a heart in vain Walts and hopes at the window pane, There by a cold, gray sea. The winds those trailing clogs of of the night, Hark, hark to their whispering! They moan of a soul that has taken flight, And never a hope they bring. The lights of the night gleam cold, so cold, Over the hills and the upland wold And yonder a night bird, lonely, grieves For you out there 'neath the sod and leaves And thus do the night winds sing! Milwaukee Sentinel A False Promise. (When the web Is on the grass No rain can come to pass. Old saying.) 'I'll put my umbrella by, My rubbers fling away; Though somewhat dubious Is the sky, It cannot rain to-day." She wore her very daintiest gown, Her filmy hat was white; Within an hour the floods came down Alack, the piteous sight! Dh, all the Jewelled webs were out By trusting elfins spun; and shall the little people doubt The fealty of the sun? ADA FOSTER MURRAY, Tho Kiiul You Have Always 111 tlSO lor OVCr UU JCnrs, m - ami nas occn iihiuo iiiuht iii jirr-fJfrf-f-d1- sonal supervision ulnco its Infancy. 'X S&ACUAi Allmv nn onn to deceive vnu in lliln. ii r ..'..!., i...stniitia JX.ll Vtlllllll'l ICIVf.) ,.,.v."--" - " - i:xerinicnt4 that trillo wiili nnd cudnnjror tho health of Infants and ChUdrcn-13xiericnco against Hxncilmcnt. What is CASTOR I A Castoria Is n harmless substiluto for Castor Oil, Pare goric, Drops nnd Soothlnpr Syrups. It is Pleasant. It contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Narcotic, Mibstancc. Its n;?o is its guarantee. It destroys Worms nnd allays Feverishness. It cures Dlnrrluca and "Wind Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, cures Constipation and Flatulency. It assimilates tho Food, regulates tho Stomach and itowcls, giving healthy and natural sleep. Tho Children's Panacea Tho Mother's Friend. GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS 7 Bears the The KM You to Always Bought In Use For Over 30 Years. TMI OCNT.U eOMMN. t MUIMMV TK' (T, NKW VOHN CITV. VAT l'OU SCALDING IIOfiH. Its Simplicity of CoiisIiihIIdii lire coiiiiik'HiIh It For 1'm'. A very gooil vnt for ht-utliiK water or scalding hogs run b made In the following iiuinucr: Take two 2x12 planks and cut them so th-y are 6 feet on one edse and f IVft t Inches on the otlu'r fuf Tlics VAT KOIt HOGS. form the sides of the vat. For the ends take two pieces of 2x12 each plunk 3 feet long. About three in ches from 'nch end of the two sides cut n groove across 2 Inch wide and inches deep for the end of the Bides to lit. Hole should be bored at. top and bottom for half Inch bolts acro.a the ends to hold the sides In position. Tho bottom of the vat Is made of sheet Iron nalied to the bottom nnd on to the vat. The vat should be long fasten at top and. also, should be wide enough to come around both ends and enough to come up the sides for two or three Inches. Three Iruoa 1 "i inches thick and one Inch wide ara passed under the tank and used to support tho bottom. They are shown ut A. A. A. These should ccmo up at leant four Inches at the Bide. A trench 8 feet long, 20 inches wide, la inches deep, should be dug and the vat placed over it. The trench should he dug so that the wind has, a straight draft under the vat. I-'lll tho vat two-thirds full of water. The scraping bench should be set nsainst the Hide of the vat. Light chains each about 8 feet long are used to lower and raise the hog Into the water. These chains should be fantened at the edge of the scraping bench and should bo placed about 2 feet 6 Inches apart. liy placing these chains ubove the vat the hof can be lowered Into the water and when scalded can h readily removed. Prairie Fanner. (.rowing I'.acon Hons. Clover pasture greatly reduces the cost or feed, and stimulates a greater growth and vigor In the PK8 than It possible to secure In confinement. The pigs should for profit come In early spring and disposed of in November. At seven months they can be made to weigh between 180 and 200 pounds. Only breeding stock should be kept through the winter. A bacon breed should bo kent In preference to a lard breed for tho reason that In the absence of corn a first class lard hog cannot be pro duced, while the feed that pro-luces the choicest bacon can be grown lu abundance barley, . peas. clover, roots etc. The large Improved YorliFl:!ro are kept on the experiment farm. ""hey are much more prolific t':an the lard breeds and take better to pasture. In Canada this breed predomin ates and the bacon pork exported from that country Is noted for Its high qualityIdaho Experiment Station. Bought, and wlficlt lins been IU uvmu mo riK "Hi iiru ot . .1 .1 , . nml .Tnst-ns-iroo(l" nro linf: Signature of Lincoln! ;!ev'v Vliiii. Lincoln's mind was orderly, tho. gh his methods were not. He ne glected details because his thought, which was "as direct as flight," pass ed Instantly to tho vital spot, and all else seemed unimportant. "If I ran free this case from technicalities and get It properly swung to the Jury I'll win It," he used to say; an I this was his mental attitude toward all legal questions. He had no training in technicalities as long as the firm of Stuart & Lincoln lasted, and It ti doubtful If any teaching would have qualified him for attorney work or made him a master of detail. Vrt as an office lawyer, such as rules tti destinies of our modern corporate Interests, he probably would haa been Invaluable. His mind compre hended large subjects without the slightest effort. Once concentrit.-d on an Issue ho passed directiy to he point, disregarded the thous.mJ and one contingencies, all tho ni-.iJ. niic pros and cons nnd reduce J the problem to its simplest possible form. Century Ma&az'na The Watchword of Women. Modesty is woninn'H watchword. Whatever threatens her delicate teiise of modesty, frightens her. For this rea son many a woman permits diseases of tliedelica e womanly organs to become, aggravated because 'she cannot bring herself to submit to the ordeal of un plettMUiit questioning, oflensive exam inations, nnd obnoxious local treat ments, which some l.hysichms li nil necessary. Doubtless tliousuuils ol the women who have taken advai (age of Dr. l'ierce's oiler of free consiiltat ioll by letter, have been led to do so bv the escape thus otter d from u treatment repugnant to modesty. Any sick wom an may write to Dr. Pierce, Hullalo, N. Y in perfect confidence; all letters being treated as strictly private and sa credly confidential, nnd nil answers being sent in plain envelopes with no advertising or other priming upon them. Dr l-'ierce's Favorite Prescrip tion has been long hailed us a "ixl send to women." It makes weak wom en strong nnd sick women well. 'Fa vorite Prescription" contains no al cohol. All its ingredients printed on every lioitle wrapper. Honowell 'lijones wluit I would call u fair-weather friend." Wigwag ''Ah, he has sense enough not tol;nl you his umbrella, eli V" - Am, tiik goo 1 1 (iUAi.rni'.s of Kl.v' Cream Balm, solid, are fuiinil in Lliiil Cream Halm, which is intended lor use in atomizers. Tlmt it is n wonderful remedy for Nasal (,'utanli is proved by an ever-inereasiiig mass of testimony, it does not dry out nor rasp the tender tlir-passages. It altatvs the iiilluinina tion and L'oes Htiaight to the root ol'tlie disease. Obstinule obi eases have yield ed in a few weeks. All druggists 7'j i Including spraying tube, or mailed by Kly Bros., o(j Warren Street, '-' i ork. - Rellingstone Nomoss Me old teach er us:er tell me dut a foo an' Ids mon ey was soon parted." Tat terdon Torn "Gee! I wish I could be foolish about ten cents' worth list ut dis min ute." ' i . sinewy kj- 1 Elu'fiPrMmnolm !&&. '.s.s -j w vi uuill UUIIII it quickly absorbed. Givei Kbliol ut Once. It clonuses, soothes. i Baal uud protects the diseased mem. brune resulting from Catnrrn and drives sway a Cold in the Head quickly. ltu. fttfirna 1 1 1 a c nouses Ol I Iff-f I I i taste ami Hmw.ii v..n . m ... . gists or by mail. In iilUij form, 'i , Jy Brothers, 50 Warren Btrcst, Ne
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers